Tipos de energía y su aplicación.

Energy is an essential concept of science. From a complex material point of view to define. The
most basic of its definitions indicates that it is the ability of bodies to produce Work, that is, the
amount of energy that bodies contain is measured by the work they are capable of doing.

The reality of the physical world shows that energy, being unique, can present itself in various
forms capable of transforming one another.

ELECTRIC ENERGY

Electrical energy is called the form of energy that results from the existence of a potential
difference between two points, which allows an electric current to be established between them
(when they are placed in contact by means of an electrical conductor) to obtain work.

LIGHTING ENERGY

The light or luminous energy is the energy fraction perceived of the energy transported by light
and that manifests itself on matter in different ways, one of them is to tear electrons from metals,
it can behave as a wave or as if it were matter, but the most normal thing is that it moves like a
wave and interacts with matter in a material or physical way.

MECHANICAL ENERGY

Mechanical energy is the energy that is due to the position and movement of a body, therefore, it
is the sum of the potential, kinetic and elastic energy of a moving body. It expresses the capacity of
bodies with mass to do work.

THERMAL ENERGY

Thermal energy is the energy released in the form of heat. It can be obtained from nature, from
thermal energy, through an exothermic reaction, such as the combustion of some fuel; by a
nuclear fission or fusion reaction; by means of electrical energy by Joule effect or by
thermoelectric effect; or by friction, as a residue of other mechanical or chemical processes.
Likewise, it is possible to take advantage of energy from nature that is in the form of thermal
energy, such as geothermal energy or photovoltaic solar energy.

Thermal energy can be transformed using a thermal engine, either into electrical energy, in a
thermoelectric plant; or in mechanical work, such as on a car, plane, or boat engine.
WIND POWER

Wind energy is the energy obtained from the wind, that is, the kinetic energy generated by the
effect of air currents, and which is transformed into other forms useful for human activities.

At present, wind energy is used mainly to produce electrical energy through wind turbines. At the
end of 2007, the global capacity of wind generators was 94.1 gigawatts.1 While wind generates
around 1% of world electricity consumption, it represents around 19% of electricity production in
Denmark, 9% in Spain and Portugal , and 6% in Germany and Ireland (2007 data). In 2008 the
percentage contributed by wind energy in Spain increased to 11%.

Wind energy is an abundant, renewable, clean resource and helps reduce greenhouse gas
emissions by replacing thermoelectric plants based on fossil fuels, which makes it a type of green
energy. However, the main con is its intermittence.

SOLAR ENERGY

Solar energy is the energy obtained by capturing the light and heat emitted by the Sun.

The solar radiation that reaches the Earth can be harnessed by means of the heat that it produces
through the absorption of radiation, for example in optical or other devices. It is one of the so-
called renewable energies, particularly from the non-polluting group, known as clean energy or
green energy. Although, at the end of their useful life, photovoltaic panels can represent a
polluting waste that is difficult to recycle today.

The power of radiation varies depending on the time of day, the atmospheric conditions that
dampen it, and the latitude. It can be assumed that in good irradiation conditions the value is
approximately 1000 W / m² at the earth's surface. This power is known as irradiance.

KINETIC ENERGY

Energy that an object possesses due to its movement. The kinetic energy depends on the mass and
the speed of the object according to the equation E = 1mv2, where m is the mass of the object and
v2 the speed of the object squared. The energy associated with an object located at a certain
height above a surface is called potential energy. If the object is dropped, the potential energy is
converted to kinetic energy.

CHEMICAL ENERGY

Chemical energy is the energy stored in food and fuel. It is produced by the transformation of
chemical substances contained in food or elements, makes it possible to move objects or generate
another type of energy.
HYDRAULIC ENERGY

Hydraulic energy or water energy is called that which is obtained from the use of the kinetic and
potential energies of the current of rivers, waterfalls or tides. It is a type of green energy when its
environmental impact is minimal and it uses water power without damming it, otherwise it is
considered only a form of renewable energy.

RADIANT ENERGY

It is the energy possessed by electromagnetic waves such as visible light, radio waves, ultraviolet
rays (UV), infrared rays (IR), etc. The main characteristic of this energy is that it propagates in a
vacuum without the need for any material support. It is transmitted by units called photons, these
units called photons also act as particles, it must be as the physicist Albert Einstein stated in his
theory of general relativity.

PHOTOVOLTAIC ENERGY

Photovoltaic energy systems allow the transformation of sunlight into electrical energy, that is, the
conversion of a light particle with energy (photon) into electromotive energy (voltaic).

The main element of a photovoltaic power system is the photoelectric cell, a device made of
silicon (extracted from common sand).

GEOTHERMAL ENERGY

Geothermal energy is that energy that can be obtained by man by taking advantage of the heat
inside the Earth. The heat inside the Earth is due to several factors, among which the geothermal
gradient, radiogenic heat, etc., should be highlighted. Geothermal comes from the Greek geo,
"Earth", and thermos, "heat"; literally "heat of the Earth".

SEAWATER ENERGY

It is the one that results from taking advantage of the tides, that is, the difference in the average
height of the seas according to the relative position of the Earth and the Moon, and that results
from the gravitational attraction of the latter and the Sun on the water masses of the seas. This
difference in heights can be exploited by interposing moving parts to the natural rise or fall of the
water, together with channeling and reservoir mechanisms, to obtain movement in an axis.