Code of Practice For Concrete Road Bridges IRC:112: Case Study 1 - Design of I Girder

01-12-2016
WORKSHOP ON
CODE OF PRACTICE FOR CONCRETE ROAD BRIDGES
IRC:112
WORKSHOP ON CODE OF PRACTICE FOR CONCRETE ROAD BRIDGES IRC:112 – 2011, ORGANISED BY ING-IABSE, 18-19 NOV 2016, MUMBAI
Introduction
Session & Topic of Presentation

CASE STUDY 1 – DESIGN OF I GIRDER
The Objective of this presentation is to present a
design of Prestressed Concrete I-girder for a
Name of Presenter, Job Title / Affiliation
NIRAV V MODY, Highway bridge superstructure using IRC 112 : 2011
Director with Load/Load Combinations as per IRC 6 : 2014
SPECTRUM Techno Consultants Pvt Ltd
Brief Details / CV about the Presenter, in about 100 Words :
Mr. Nirav V Mody has completed his B.E. Civil and M.E.
(Structures) form University of Mumbai. He has over 17
Add years of experience in planning & designing of highway
Photograph and railway bridges. He has experience in of design special
bridges Continuous precast segmental, Cable Stayed
bridges etc.
Content
Content
• General Arrangement of Superstructure • SLS Verification

• Materials – Creep loss Calculation
• Durability and Exposure conditions – Shrinkage loss Calculation
– Relaxation Loss Calculation
• Analysis
– Effective width of the deck slab – Differential Shrinkage
– Loads – Thermal Stresses
• SLS Verification
– Stress Checks • ULS Verification
– Friction and Wedge draw-in loss – ULS of flexure
– Elastic Shortening Loss – ULS of Shear
– Interface shear
General Arrangement
General Arrangement
Span = 30m (face to face of dirt wall)

C/c of bearing = 28.76m C/c of girder = 3.0m
Overall depth = 2.24m Form of superstructure = precast I girder and Cast-in-situ deck Slab
Depth of the girder = 2.0m
Depth of the slab = 0.24m
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General Arrangement
Materials
– Girder Concrete
• Grade – M50
• Ecm = 35000 MPa Table no 6.5, IRC 112 : 2011
Web thickness at Mid Span = 275mm
Web thickness at support = 650mm – Deck Slab Concrete
• Grade – M40
• Ecm = 33000 MPa Table no 6.5, IRC 112 : 2011
– Reinforcement
• fyk = 500 MPa
• Es= 200000 MPa
– Prestressing Steel As per IS 14268 (class II 12.7mm 7 ply)

• fpk = 1860 MPa
• fp0.1k = 0.87fp = 1618 MPa
• Ep= 195000 MPa
Materials
Materials
ft/1.15 =
For M50 Concrete
Materials
Durability and Exposure Condition
Exposure condition – Severe As per Table 14.1

Cover for rebar – 45mm As per Table 14.2
fpk/1.15 = 1618 Precast Girder – 40mm As per Table 14.2 (4)
Cover for post tensioned tendons – 75mm As per cl no. 15.3.1.2
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Analysis
Analysis
– Analysis for SLS (Cl No 7.2) – Analysis for ULS (Cl. No. 7.3)
• Elastic Methods of Analysis for internal forces and • Elastic Methods for distribution of forces and
deformation deformation
• Stiffness Constants of discrete member may be based • Stiffness Constants as used for SLS
on any of the following • longitudinal effects due to temperature gradient may
– Concrete Section be neglected
– Gross Transformed Section – including • Differential shrinkage and creep need not be
reinforcement transformed by Es/ Ec,eff considered for ultimate limit state.
– Consistent approach should be used to reflect the
behavior of various parts of structure.
Effective Width of the Slab (cl.no.7.6.1.2) Section Properties - Midspan

WORKSHOP ON CODE OF PRACTICE FOR CONCRETE ROAD BRIDGES IRC:112 – 2011, ORGANISED BY ING-IABSE, 18-19 NOV 2016, MUMBAI WORKSHOP ON CODE OF PRACTICE FOR CONCRETE ROAD BRIDGES IRC:112 – 2011, ORGANISED BY ING-IABSE, 18-19 NOV 2016, MUMBAI
Girder Composite
• Area (mm2) 0.746 1.627
• ygt (mm) 0.995 0.386
• ygb (mm) 1.005 1.614
• Icg (mm4) 0.3396 0.850
• Zgt (mm3) 0.341 2.203
• Zgb (mm3) 0.338 0.527
b1 = 2.3125m b2 = 1.3625m • Zst (mm3) 1.358
beff1 = 0.2 x 2.3125 + 0.1 x 28.76 beff2 = 0.2 x 1.3625 + 0.1 x 28.76
= 3.46m > b1 = 3.2725m > b2 As per cl 7.7 (5), if the concrete strength of two components of the
beff1 = 2.3125m beff2 = 1.362m composite member differ by more than 10MPa, allowance for the
bw = 0.275m difference in modulus of elasticity should be made in assessing
For End girder beff = 2.3125 + 1.3625 + 0.275 = 3.95 m stiffness's and stresses
For Internal Girder beff = 1.3625 + 1.3625 + 0.275 = 3.00 m Modular ratio = Ec(girder) / Ec(slab) = 1.0606
Loads
Analysis
– Dead Load (Density 25kN/m3) – Analysis of the bridge is carried out by grillage
• Self weight of Girder – model
• Deck Slab Load – – Composite section properties of girder are
– Superimposed Dead Load assigned to longitudinal girder members and
• Crash Barrier / Services - 22kN/m Transverse member (plate element) considered
• Surfacing load - 1.43 kN/m2 with properties of the slab
– Vehicular Live Load – The stiffness of the slab member in long direction
• 4 lane loading as per IRC 6 : 2014 is made zero.
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Analysis
Analysis
Grillage Model
Grillage Model
Summary of Bending Moment

Sections Considered
and Shear Force
Distance of the section BM at Section (kN.m)

from pier center 2.5 5 7.5 10.00 12.50 15.00
Girder 537.0 1100.0 1480.0 1800.0 1985.0 2031.0
Crash Barrier + service 161.0 408.0 570.0 676.0 704.0 670.0
Surfacing 80.5 204.0 285.0 338.0 352.0 335.0
Deck Slab 540.0 1212.0 1700.0 2075.0 2225.0 2246.0
Live Load 911.0 1825.0 2550.0 3060.0 3450.0 3714.0
Distance of the section SF at Section (kN)

from pier center 2.5 5.0 7.5
Girder 263.0 185.0 143.0
Crash Barrier + service 106.0 82.0 24.0
Surfacing 53.0 41.0 12.0
Deck Slab 292.0 230.0 165.0
Live Load 534.0 470.0 392.0
LL BM corresponding 752.0 1761.0 2213.0
Stages of Construction and Checks Prestressing

§ Type of the cable – 12T15

§ Area of strands – 140mm2
§ Jack End force –
= 90% of fp0.1k
1) Girder is precast = 0.9 x 0.87 x fp = 0.783 x 1860 = 1456MPa
2) Stressing is carried out in single stage on 28th day of casting of Girder
3) Deck Slab is Cast on 60th day of the casting of Girder
4) SIDL load is applied on the 90th day
5) All long term losses considered for 70yrs
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Prestressing - Spacing of ducts Cable Profile

Two Cable can be

grouped vertically
provided each duct
diameter is not more
than 110mm
Cable Profile Friction and Wedge draw-in loss / Slip Loss

§ Slip – 6mm
§ Duct – Corrugated HDPE Sheathing (As per Cl. No 13.4.3)
§ Outer diameter = 100mm
§ Wobble coeff (k) = 0.002
§ Friction Coeff(m) = 0.17
• Slip Loss
– Loss due wedge draw-in of the anchorage device during
the operation of anchoring after tensioning
Friction and Wedge draw-in loss Friction and Wedge draw-in loss
• Friction Loss
– Calculate force in cable after friction loss as per following equation
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Force in Cables after Wedge draw-in and

Friction loss Creep Calculation (cl.no. 6.4.2.7)
Distance from Center of Pier ( m )

Cable No
No of No of
2.500
5.000 7.500 10.000 12.500 15.000
Creep Coefficient f = ecc(t) / eci (t)
Strands cables
FORCE in cables (kN) eci (t) is the initial strain at loading
C4 8 1 1475 1488 1502 1525 1538 1538
C3 12 1 2202 2229 2266 2290 2297 2288
ecc(t) is the creep strain at time t > t0
C2 12 1 2204 2239 2280 2293 2295 2285
C1 12 1 2224 2253 2290 2302 2300 2290
Distance of C.G. of Cable from bottom ( m )
Using formulae's in Annexure A2
C4 8 1 1.428 1.101 0.853 0.688 0.650 0.650 fck = 50MPa , fcm = 60MPa,
C3 12 1 1.070 0.739 0.550 0.550 0.550 0.550
C2 12 1 0.756 0.457 0.350 0.350 0.350 0.350
Relative Humidity RH = 70%
C1 12 1 0.483 0.238 0.150 0.150 0.150 0.150 Notional Size of the member in (mm) h0 = 2Ac/u = 283mm
Age of concrete at loading t0 = 28days
Res Ecc of Pr. force ( m ) 0.889 0.590 0.440 0.411 0.405 0.405
Res. Force in cable ( kN ) 8105 8209 8338 8410 8431 8401 Creep Coeff f0 = 1.519 (for 70yrs)
Area of cable 6160 6160 6160 6160 6160 6160
Creep Calculation Shrinkage Calculation (cl. No. 6.4.2.6)

The Total shrinkage strain is composed of two components,

autogenous shrinkage and drying shrinkage
ecs = eca + ecd
Using formulae's in Annexure A2

fck = 50MPa , fcm = 60MPa,
Relative Humidity RH = 70%
Notional Size of the member in (mm) h0 = 2Ac/u = 283mm
Creep Coeff
Development of Age of concrete beginning of drying shrinkage = 28days

Creep with time
ecd = 321 x 10-6 (for 70yrs)
eca = 75 x 10-6
Days
Shrinkage Calculation Shrinkage Calculation

Shrinkage
(10-3)
Days
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Serviceability Check Serviceability Check

Partial Safety Factors for SLS (As per Table no 3.3., IRC 6-2014) SLS Check as per table no 12.1 of IRC 112
For Prestressed Member
Girder Deck Slab SIDL SIDL Thermal
Combinations Selfwt Load CB/Services Surfacing Load LL Combinations For Severe Exposure condition
1.0 1.0 1.0 1.2 0.5 Decompression Check
Quasi Permanent
Frequent Comb 1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.2 0.5 0.75 Quasi Permanent
Max compressive stress 0.36fcm else non linear creep
Frequent Comb 2 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.2 0.6 0.2 shall be considered
Rare Comb 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.2 0.6 1.0 Frequent Crack Width limitation 0.2mm
Rare Combination Compressive Stress in concrete limited to 0.48fck
The above combinations shall be checked with two characteristic values of
prestressing force for postensioning with bonded tendons as per Cl. No 7.9.5 Decompression check requires that no
tensile stresses occur within 100mm of the
ginf =0.9 gsup =1.1 surface of the duct for bonded prestressing
tendons
All the calculation for this example carried out with 0.9P
Stress Calculation Stress Calculation

Distance from Pier Center

Description Units 2.500 5.000 7.500 10.000 12.500 15.000
Description Units 2.500 5.000 7.500 10.000 12.500 15.000 m m m m m m
m m m m m m
BM (Gir. wt ) (MNm) 0.537 1.100 1.480 1.800 1.985 2.031 Stress due to prestress
sTG (MPa) 3.764 1.026 -2.625 -3.363 -3.527 -3.510
stress @ top(MN/sqm) sTG (MPa) 1.138 3.223 4.336 5.274 5.816 5.951 only
stress @ bot(MN/sqm) sBG (MPa) -1.192 -3.255 -4.380 -5.327 -5.874 -6.010 sBG (MPa) 8.498 21.081 25.119 26.058 26.279 26.182
Str. Due to Dead Load sTG (MPa) 4.901 4.249 1.711 1.911 2.288 2.440
Stress after slip in cable (MPa) 1316 1333 1354 1365 1369 1364 + Cable sBG (MPa) 7.306 17.826 20.739 20.731 20.404 20.172
Force in cables after Slip (MN) 8.105 8.209 8.338 8.410 8.431 8.401 Str @ CG of Cable (MPa) 6.238 13.820 16.552 16.863 16.739 16.582
Moment due to wt.avg 25.072 37.965 41.770 42.002 41.651
(MNm) 1.091 3.405 4.711 4.996 5.061 5.042
prestress
sTG - Stresses at Girder Top

sBG - Stresses at Girder Bottom
Stress Calculation Relaxation loss Calculation (cl.no. 6.3.6)

– Elastic shortening loss (for sequential stressing) – Initial stress in cable = 1310.4 MPa
= (n-1)/2n x sc (t) x Ep / Ecm(t) (after Slip, Friction and elastic shortening losses)
= 0.5 x sc (t) x Ep / Ecm(t) (approx.) = 0.704 fpk

– 1000hr relaxation as a percentage of initial stress
• sc (t) – Avg value along the tendon group centroid = 2.58% (as per table 6.2)
• n – no of identical tendons successively prestressed – Total relaxation loss as percentage of initial stress
3 x 2.58 = 7.74% (cl.no.6.3.6)
– Avg stress in concrete at the c.g. of cable = 15.08MPa
– Elastic Shortening loss = 0.5 x 15.08 x 195000 / 35000 – Total relaxation loss = 7.74/100 x 1310.4
= 42 MPa = 101.4MPa
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Relaxation loss Calculation Losses from 28th day to 60th day

– Creep loss
• Creep Coeff f (t) = 0.605 ( t = 60 days)
• sc avg stress in concrete at CG of the cable
= 15.967MPa
• Creep Strain ecc = eci x f (t) = sc / Ecm x f (t)
= 15.967/35000 x 0.605
= 2.76 E-04
As per Annex A2 General Equation describing relationship between • Creep loss Dsp,c = ecc x Ep = 2.76E-04 x 195000
relaxation loss (rt) at time t (hr) and that at 1000 hr (r1000) (upto 30yrs)
= 53.82 MPa
, k = log (r1000 /r100) = 0.143
Losses from 28th day to 60th day

Stress Calculation

– Shrinkage loss Description Units 2.500 5.000 7.500 10.000 12.500 15.000
• Shrinkage Strain ecs (t) = 56E -06 m m m m m m
Force (MN) -0.067 -0.067 -0.067 -0.067 -0.067 -0.067
• Shrinkage loss Dsp,s = ecs (t) x Ep Shrinkage loss Sh.L in
prestress from 28days sTG (MPa) -0.032 0.011 0.021 0.027 0.028 0.028
= 56E-06 x 195000 To 60 days sBG (MPa) -0.070 -0.115 -0.203 -0.208 -0.210 -0.210
= 10.9 MPa
Relaxation Loss R.L Force (MN) -0.198 -0.198 -0.198 -0.198 -0.198 -0.198
in prestress from 28days sTG (MPa) -0.094 0.033 0.062 0.079 0.083 0.083
– Relaxation loss To 60 days sBG (MPa) -0.207 -0.339 -0.597 -0.614 -0.618 -0.618
• Relaxation loss Dsp,r = 31.86 MPa Creep Loss C.L Force (MN) -0.126 -0.170 -0.332 -0.338 -0.336 -0.332
in prestress from 28days sTG (MPa) -0.059 0.029 0.104 0.135 0.140 0.138
To 60 days sBG (MPa) -0.132 -0.291 -1.001 -1.048 -1.045 -1.035
Stress Calculation
Stress Calculation
Distance from Pier Center Distance from Pier Center
Description Units 2.500 5.000 7.500 10.000 12.500 15.000 Description Units 2.500 5.000 7.500 10.000 12.500 15.000
m m m m m m m m m m m m
Stress due to prestress sTG (MPa) 4.679 1.093 1.980 2.253 2.645 2.795 Deck Slab Bending
(MNm) 0.540 1.212 1.700 2.075 2.225 2.246
+El.sh L + D.L. sBG (MPa) 6.614 10.436 18.209 18.111 17.777 17.555 Moment
+Sh.L + R.L + C.L sTG (MPa) 1.158 3.549 4.978 6.076 6.515 6.577
Strs @ CG of Cable (MPa) 5.754 7.679 14.639 14.852 14.715 14.567
sBG (MPa) -1.204 -3.585 -5.028 -6.137 -6.581 -6.643
Stresses after deck Slab sTG (MPa) 5.830 7.702 6.962 8.335 9.166 9.378
sBG (MPa) 5.394 12.187 13.137 11.929 11.151 10.867
Stress at cg of cable (MPa) 5.588 10.864 11.779 11.190 10.749 10.566
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Differential shrinkage Differential shrinkage

– Grade of Concrete in Girder = M50 – Force due to differential shrinkage strain

– Grade of Concrete in Deck Slab = M40 Fsh = ediff x Ecm,deck x Aslab x 0.43
– Residual Shrinkage Strain in girder during = 103 E-06 x 33000 x 240 x 3950 x 0.43 = 2085kN
casting of deck slab ecs,gir (t60-25000) = 253 E-06
– (1-e-f)/f = (1-e-2)/2) = 0.43
– Shrinkage strain ecs,deck (t0-25000) = 408 E-06
– Differential shrinkage strain = (408 – 253) E-06

= 155 E-06
Differential shrinkage
Stress Calculation
§ Stresses due to differential shrinkage strain

+1.281 Description Units 2.500 5.000 7.500 10.000 12.500 15.000

-2.199 +0.777 -0.141
m m m m m m
+0.479 -0.439 +1.760
Stresses in Composite s TS (MPa) -0.298 -0.298 -0.141 -0.141 -0.141 -0.141

Section due to s BS (MPa) -0.594 -0.594 -0.439 -0.439 -0.439 -0.439
differential shrinkage s TG (MPa) 1.606 1.606 1.760 1.760 1.760 1.760
only
-2.003 -0.721 s BG (MPa) -0.861 -0.861 -0.721 -0.721 -0.721 -0.721
Stresses in slab Axial stresses Bending stresses Combined stresses

Comp. Section Comp. Section Comp. Section
Stress Calculation
Stress Calculation

Description Units 2.500 5.000 7.500 10.000 12.500 15.000 Resultant stresses after 60days
m m m m m m (including deck slab and differential shrinkage stresses)
Resultants Stresses upto s TS (MPa) -0.298 -0.298 -0.141 -0.141 -0.141 -0.141 + losses from 60days to 90days (composite section)
60 days s BS (MPa) -0.594 -0.594 -0.439 -0.439 -0.439 -0.439
Including differential s TG (MPa) 7.443 5.298 8.718 10.089 10.921 11.132
+ stresses to SIDL loading (composite section)
shrinkage stresses
s BG (MPa) 4.548 6.871 12.460 11.252 10.475 10.191 + losses from 90days to infinity (composite section)
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Stress Calculation
Thermal Loads
Distance from Pier Center Effect of temperature difference within the superstructure shall
considered as per IRC 6 : 2014
Description Units 2.500 5.000 7.500 10.000 12.500 15.000
For Positive
m m m m m m
Stresses after all losses s TS (MPa) 0.053 0.663 1.295 1.584 1.689 1.680
without LL s BS (MPa) -0.398 0.023 0.353 0.534 0.600 0.595
s TG (MPa) 7.638 5.914 9.510 11.062 11.960 12.166
s BG (MPa) 3.451 4.622 7.879 5.954 4.923 4.666
Positive Reverse For Reverse
Thermal Loads
Thermal Loads
17.8 oC
4.0 o C h1 = 0.15
1.44 o C h2 = 0.25
2.240
Coeff of thermal expansion = 1.0 E-5
h3 = 0.15
2.1
Positive Thermal Difference
Thermal Loads
Thermal Loads
A B C -(A+B+C)
+ Compression , - Tensile stresses in MPa
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Thermal Loads
Thermal Loads
A B C -(A+B+C)
+ Compression , - Tensile stresses in MPa
Stress Calculation

Description Units 2.500 5.000 7.500 10.000 12.500 15.000 Distance from Pier Center
m m m m m m Description Units 2.500 5.000 7.500 10.000 12.500 15.000
Quasi permanent Comb sTS (MPa) 1.112 1.721 2.354 2.643 2.747 2.739 m m m m m m
with sBS (MPa) -0.782 -0.362 -0.032 0.149 0.215 0.211
Positive Thermal Difference
sTG (MPa) 7.254 5.529 9.126 10.678 11.575 11.782 Frequent Combination sTS (MPa) -0.164 0.797 1.761 2.256 2.518 2.617
with Reverse Thermal
sBG (MPa) 3.941 5.112 8.370 6.444 5.413 5.156 Difference sBS (MPa) 0.229 0.892 1.374 1.682 1.846 1.907
sTG (MPa) 8.265 6.784 10.531 12.211 13.206 13.478
Quasi permanent Comb sTS (MPa) -0.514 0.095 0.728 1.017 1.121 1.113 sBG (MPa) 2.121 2.629 4.548 2.090 0.651 0.119
with sBS (MPa) -0.013 0.407 0.737 0.918 0.984 0.980
Reverse Thermal Difference sTG (MPa) 8.023 6.298 9.895 11.447 12.344 12.551 No tension at the bottom of the girder for frequent combination
sBG (MPa) 2.782 3.953 7.210 5.285 4.254 3.997
Section pass the QUASI-PERMANENT Check as per IRC 112
Stress Calculation
ULS of Flexure
Incase of tension at the bottom of the girder following is Partial Safety Factors for ULS
recommended
1) If tensile stresses are less than fctm the section can Deck Slab SIDL SIDL
be considered as uncracked, Min. tensile Combinations Girder Selfwt Load CB/Services Surfacing LL
reinforcement to be provided
2) If tension are more than fctm , check for crack width Basic Comb 1 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.75 1.50
to carried out.
As per cl.no 5.3.2.5 for prestressed concrete structures Ultimate bending Moment at Midsection ( Med )= 12835 kN.m
under frequent combinations of action and prestressing
force, tensile stresses occur at extreme concrete fiber,
under serviceability limit state, fatique verification is
required
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ULS of Flexure
ULS of Flexure
f MPa
– Considering linear strain distribution and max strain in
concrete 0.0035, assume a value for depth of NA
– Calculate strain in cable at each level including prestrain fpd = 1407 MPa
– If the value of the strain is more than epd consider stress in 1
cable as per simplified bilinear curve fpd
195 GPA
– Calculate Tensile force (T) in cable from fpd and Ap
– Calculate compressive force (C) in concrete based on the
parabolic stress block
– If C = T than depth of the NA is correct, else repeat
procedure
– With C and T calculate Moment about NA and calculate e
0.00722
Moment of resistance of the section
DESIGN STRESS CURVE FOR STRANDS
ULS of Flexure
ULS of Flexure
ULS of Flexure
ULS of Flexure
0.122
Using Rectangular Stress block

C = ( b x 0.122 ) x ( 0.446 x 50 ) x 3950
= 0.8 x 0.122 x 0.446 x 50 x 3950
= 8600 kN
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ULS of Flexure
ULS of Shear
ULS of Shear – Section Properties

ULS of Shear – Cracked / Uncracked
MPa
ULS of Shear – Capacity of Cracked Section

ULS of Shear – Parameter acw
scp = 5.23MPa < 5.58 MPa (0.25 fcd) acw = 1.23
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ULS of Shear – Shear Reinforcement

ULS of Shear – Capacity of Cracked section
Shear Capacity (VRd.c) of Section cracked in flexure
ULS of Shear
ULS of Shear
Shear Forces
Check for Cracked /

Uncracked Section
ULS of Shear
ULS of Shear
Check for
VRd max
Check for shear

capacity (VRd.c) as
per Cracked /
Uncracked Section
Calculation of Shear
reinforcement
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01-12-2016
ULS of Shear
Interface Shear
Additional Long
reinforcement
Interface Shear
Interface Shear
0.5
As provided = 2262mm2, i.e. 0.3% min As required = 0.15% .Hence OK
Similarly check shall be carried out various sections along the girder
15

Code of Practice For Concrete Road Bridges IRC:112: Case Study 1 - Design of I Girder

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Code of Practice For Concrete Road Bridges IRC:112: Case Study 1 - Design of I Girder

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01-12-2016

Session & Topic of Presentation

Brief Details / CV about the Presenter, in about 100 Words :

• General Arrangement of Superstructure • SLS Verification

Span = 30m (face to face of dirt wall)

– Prestressing Steel As per IS 14268 (class II 12.7mm 7 ply)

For M50 Concrete

Exposure condition – Severe As per Table 14.1

Effective Width of the Slab (cl.no.7.6.1.2) Section Properties - Midspan

Summary of Bending Moment

Distance of the section BM at Section (kN.m)

Distance of the section SF at Section (kN)

Stages of Construction and Checks Prestressing

§ Type of the cable – 12T15

Prestressing - Spacing of ducts Cable Profile

Two Cable can be

Cable Profile Friction and Wedge draw-in loss / Slip Loss

Force in Cables after Wedge draw-in and

Distance from Center of Pier ( m )

Creep Calculation Shrinkage Calculation (cl. No. 6.4.2.6)

The Total shrinkage strain is composed of two components,

Using formulae's in Annexure A2

Development of Age of concrete beginning of drying shrinkage = 28days

Shrinkage Calculation Shrinkage Calculation

Serviceability Check Serviceability Check

Stress Calculation Stress Calculation

Distance from Pier Center

sTG - Stresses at Girder Top

Stress Calculation Relaxation loss Calculation (cl.no. 6.3.6)

= 0.5 x sc (t) x Ep / Ecm(t) (approx.) = 0.704 fpk

Relaxation loss Calculation Losses from 28th day to 60th day

, k = log (r1000 /r100) = 0.143

Losses from 28th day to 60th day

Distance from Pier Center

Distance from Pier Center Distance from Pier Center

Differential shrinkage Differential shrinkage

– Grade of Concrete in Girder = M50 – Force due to differential shrinkage strain

– Differential shrinkage strain = (408 – 253) E-06

§ Stresses due to differential shrinkage strain

+1.281 Description Units 2.500 5.000 7.500 10.000 12.500 15.000

Stresses in Composite s TS (MPa) -0.298 -0.298 -0.141 -0.141 -0.141 -0.141

Stresses in slab Axial stresses Bending stresses Combined stresses

Distance from Pier Center

Positive Reverse For Reverse

Coeff of thermal expansion = 1.0 E-5

+ Compression , - Tensile stresses in MPa

+ Compression , - Tensile stresses in MPa

Distance from Pier Center

Section pass the QUASI-PERMANENT Check as per IRC 112

Using Rectangular Stress block

ULS of Shear – Section Properties

ULS of Shear – Capacity of Cracked Section

scp = 5.23MPa < 5.58 MPa (0.25 fcd) acw = 1.23

ULS of Shear – Shear Reinforcement

Shear Capacity (VRd.c) of Section cracked in flexure

Check for Cracked /

Check for shear

As provided = 2262mm2, i.e. 0.3% min As required = 0.15% .Hence OK

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