反渗透设备应用

Application of reverse osmosis equipment

主题 Theme
 上拓环境科技股份有限公司介绍
Hangzhou Sunup Environmental Technology Co.,LTD.
introduction

 工艺流程PID 及工艺流程讲解
Process PID and process flow to explain

 系统控制说明
Explanation of system operation and maintenance
instruction

 系统操作维护说明书讲解
Explanation of system operation and maintenance
instruction

2
公司介绍 Company Profile

 杭州上拓环境科技股份有限公司是一家集开发、生产、销售、服务为一体的膜分离技术设
备高新技术企业；专业运用先进膜分离技术给客户提供工业流体的分离纯化、清洁生产、资
源循环等相关的工艺技术开发和综合解决方案的环保型企业；还是中国水利企业协会脱盐分
会理事单位、中国海水淡化与水再利用学会理事单位、中国工业节能与清洁生产协会节水与
水处理分会理事单位。

Hangzhou SUNUP Environmental Science and Technology Co., Ltd. is a high-tech enterprise
specializing in the development, production, sales and service of membrane separation
technology and equipment. It specializes in the separation and purification of industrial fluids,
clean production and resource recycling by using advanced membrane separation technology
Related technology development and comprehensive solutions for environmental-friendly
enterprises; or China Water Conservancy Enterprises Association desalination branch units, the
Chinese desalination and water reuse Association unit, the China Industrial Energy Conservation
and Cleaner Production Association Water Saving and Water Treatment Branch unit .

3
工艺流程PID 及工艺流程讲解(前言)
Process PID and process flow to explain
(preface)

Concentrated Dilute Concentrated Dilute

solution solution solution solution

penetration Reverse osmosis

Water diffusion through semipermeable membrane into the The direction of flow pressure exceeds the reverse osmotic
concentrated solution side to the ionic strength of the pressure in water molecules, thus defined as reverse
solution, the equilibrium point, concentrated solution and osmosis
dilute solution between the height difference between the
two sides of the corresponding osmotic pressure difference
4
工艺流程PID 及工艺流程讲解(前言)
Process PID and process flow to explain
(preface)
Concentrated water valve

raw water Concentrated water

High pressure pump produce water

Semipermeable
membrane
permeate flow rate permeate concentration
Recovery rate = *100 Desalinati on rate = (1 - ) *100
influent flow influent concentration

Concentrated water
Fig. 5-1 continuous operation mode

raw water produce water

5
工艺流程PID 及工艺流程讲解(前言)
Process PID and process flow to explain
(preface)

In some occasions, a small amount of water and not continuous water supply, such as
process
Figure 5-2material or withmode
batch operation wastewater recycling, usually by batch operation mode, will
Thick water circulation
advance water or liquid collected in the water or liquid in the box, then the cycle of
treatment, permeate continuously away from the system, but the concentrated liquid is
the return cycle of return to the original box. At the end of the batch treatment, the
concentrated liquid in the remaining part remains in the raw material box, and thewater
produce
membrane needs to be cleaned once the residual liquid is drained and replaced with a
new batch of materials.

6
工艺流程PID 及工艺流程讲解(前言)
Process PID and process flow to explain
(preface)

Figure 5-2 batch operation mode

Thick water circulation

produce water

Influent or
concentrate

7
工艺流程PID 及工艺流程讲解(前言)
Process PID and process flow to explain
(preface)
Fig. 5-4 single segment system

Concentrated water
High pressure pump
raw water

produce water
Security filter

Fig. 5-5 double segment arrangement system

High pressure pump

raw water

Concentrated water

Security filter

produce water 8
 详细的工艺流程
Detailed process
1.看PID时首先看主路，即一路进水，通过膜元件后的两路出水（一路产
水，一路浓水）。See PID first look at the main road, that is, all the way into
the water, through the membrane element after two water (one road water,
one road thick water)

2.在本套设备中所有的冲洗水，最后进入排放水系统；In this set of

equipment in all the washing water, and finally into the drainage system

3.最后看辅路，即设备的冲洗以及清洗管路。Finally, look at the auxiliary

road, that is, the equipment flushing and cleaning pipeline

9
化学药剂说明Chemical Description
1.PAC：[Al2(OH)nCl6-n]m，其中m代表聚合程度，n表示PAC产品的中性程度
PAC：[Al2(OH)nCl6-n]m， m represents the degree of polymerization and n represents the
neutrality of the PAC product
优点：应用范围广，适应水性广泛。易快速形成大的矾花，沉淀性能好。适宜的pH值范围较宽
（5－9间），且处理后水的PH值和碱度下降小。水温低时，仍可保持稳定的沉淀效果。碱化度比
其它铝盐、铁盐高，对设备侵蚀作用小。
Advantages: wide range of applications to adapt to a wide range of water. Easy to quickly form a large
alum, precipitation performance. The suitable range of pH value is wide (5-9), and the pH and alkalinity
of the treated water decrease little. Low water temperature, can still maintain a stable precipitation
effect. Alkalinity than other aluminum salts, iron salts, the role of small equipment erosion.
应用：PAC是水净化领域的重要混凝剂，对低温、低浊及高浊水具有高效净化作用，但是由于其
单体与有机物反应会生成危害人体健康的物质，所以保证其纯度在水净化中显得很重要。
Application: PAC is an important coagulant in the field of water purification. It has high purification
effect on low temperature, low turbidity and high turbidity water. However, due to the reaction
between monomer and organic substance, it will produce substances that endanger human health, so
its purity is guaranteed in water purification Very important.
注意事项：水处理剂聚合氯化铝产品有腐蚀性，如不慎溅到皮肤上，要立即用水冲洗干净。生产
和使用本品的人员要穿工作服、戴口罩、手套、穿长筒胶靴。生产设备要密封，车间通风应良
好。
Matters needing attention: Water treatment agent PAC products are corrosive, such as accidentally
splashed on the skin, rinse immediately with water. Production and use of this product to wear workers
wear overalls, wearing masks, gloves, wearing long rubber boots. Production equipment to be sealed,
workshop ventilation should be good.
化学药剂说明Chemical Description
2.PAM：聚丙烯酰胺絮凝剂3号，C3H5NO
PAM：Polyacrylamide，C3H5NO
优点：用于以江河水作水源的自来水的处理絮凝剂，用量少，效果好，成本低，特别是和无
机絮凝剂复合使用效果更好，它将成为治长江、黄河及其它流域的自来水厂的高效絮凝剂。
Advantages: Flocculants for the treatment of tap water with river water as a source of water have
less dosage, good effect and low cost, and are especially effective in combination with inorganic
flocculants. They will become water treatment plants in the Yangtze River, the Yellow River and
other watersheds Efficient flocculants.
应用：在原水处理中，PAM与活性炭等配合使用，可用于生活水中悬浮颗粒的凝聚和澄清。
Application: In the raw water treatment, PAM and activated carbon used in conjunction, can be
used for living water suspended particles in the cohesion and clarification
注意事项：配制PAM水溶液时,应在搪瓷,镀锌,铝制或塑料桶内进行,不可在铁容器内配制和贮
存；溶解时,应注意将产品均匀的慢慢地加,入带搅拌的溶解器中,应避免结固,溶液在适宜温度
下配制,并应避免长时间过剧的机械剪切.PAM水溶液应做到现用现配,当溶解液长时间放置,其
性能将会视水质的情况而逐渐降低.
Matters needing attention: When preparing PAM aqueous solution, it should be carried out in
enamel, galvanized, aluminum or plastic drums. It can not be prepared and stored in iron
container. When dissolving, pay attention to add the product evenly and evenly into the dissolver
with stirring , Should avoid knot solidification, the solution is formulated at a suitable temperature,
and should avoid prolonged mechanical shearing.PAM aqueous solution should be ready for use,
when the solution is placed for a long time, its performance will be depending on the quality of the
water And gradually reduced.
化学药剂说明Chemical Description
3.杀菌剂：次氯酸钠，NaClO
Bactericide：hypochlorous acid，NaClO
作用：杀菌消毒
Role: Sterilization and disinfection
注意事项：密闭操作，全面通风。操作人员必须经过专门培训，严格遵守操作规程。建议操
作人员佩戴直接式防毒面具（半面罩），戴化学安全防护眼镜，穿防腐工作服，戴橡胶手
套。防止蒸气泄漏到工作场所空气中。避免与酸类接触。搬运时要轻装轻卸，防止包装及容
器损坏。配备泄漏应急处理设备。倒空的容器可能残留有害物。
Matters needing attention: Closed operation, full ventilation. Operators must undergo specialized
training, strictly abide by the rules. It is recommended that operators wear direct gas masks (half
masks), wear chemical safety goggles, wear anti-corrosion overalls and wear rubber gloves.
Prevent steam from leaking into the workplace air. Avoid contact with acids. When handling to
light light unloading to prevent damage to the packaging and containers. Equipped with leak
emergency treatment equipment. Empty containers may be harmful residues.
4.氢氧化钠：NaOH
Sodium hydroxide：NaOH
作用：去除水中含有的大量铁离子
Role: Removal of large amounts of iron ions in the water
化学药剂说明Chemical Description
5.阻垢剂： Antiscalant
优点：反渗透阻垢剂是一种高效阻垢分散剂，特别适用于反渗透给水中钡、锶含量高，硫酸
钡、硫酸锶结垢倾向严重的反渗透系统。它可以在结垢物质很宽的浓度范围内有效地阻止结
垢的发生。
Advantages:Reverse osmosis scale inhibitor is a highly effective scale inhibitor and dispersant,
especially suitable for reverse osmosis systems with high concentration of barium and strontium in
reverse osmosis water and serious scaling tendency of barium sulfate and strontium sulfate. It can
effectively prevent scaling from occurring in a wide range of concentrations of fouling material.
应用：在反渗透系统(RO)、纳滤系统(NF)或超滤系统(UF)中使用反渗透阻垢剂。
Application: Reverse osmosis scale inhibitors are used in reverse osmosis (RO), nanofiltration (NF)
or ultrafiltration (UF) systems.
注意事项：无毒，吸入：转移至新鲜空气处，如出现呼吸短促，吸氧，症状持续恶化，立即
就医。皮肤接触：立即脱掉污染的衣服和鞋子，用大量的水冲洗。眼睛接触：用洗眼器冲洗
至少15分钟，如果眼部刺激持续或恶化，给予医疗护理，脱下隐形眼镜。食入：没有医生的
建议，不要催吐。切勿给失去知觉者喂食，如有必要送医治疗。
Matters needing attention: Non-toxic, Inhalation: Remove to fresh air. In case of shortness of
breath, oxygen, symptoms continue to deteriorate. Seek immediate medical attention. Skin
contact: Remove contaminated clothing and shoes immediately, rinse with plenty of water. Eye
contact: Flush with eyewash for at least 15 minutes. If eye irritation persists or worsens, give
medical attention and take off contact lenses. Ingestion: No doctor's advice, do not induce
vomiting. Do not feed unconscious people and seek medical attention if necessary.
化学药剂说明Chemical Description
6.还原剂：亚硫酸氢钠
reducing agent：NaHSO3
优点：消除进反渗透膜水中的余氯，防止氧化剂对反渗透膜造成损害.
Advantages: Elimination of residual chlorine into reverse osmosis membrane water to prevent
oxidizer damage to the reverse osmosis membrane.
应用：水处理系统中的抗氧化剂
Application: Antioxidants in water treatment systems
注意事项：密闭操作，局部排风。防止粉尘释放到车间空气中。操作人员必须经过专门培
训，严格遵守操作规程。建议操作人员佩戴自吸过滤式防尘口罩，戴化学安全防护眼镜，穿
橡胶耐酸碱服，戴橡胶耐酸碱手套。避免产生粉尘。避免与氧化剂、酸类、碱类接触。配备
泄漏应急处理设备。倒空的容器可能残留有害物。
Matters needing attention: Closed operation, local exhaust. Prevent the release of dust to the
workshop air. Operators must undergo specialized training, strictly abide by the rules. It is
recommended that operators wear self-priming filtered respirators, wear chemical safety goggles,
wear rubber acid and alkali resistant suits and wear rubber acid-base gloves. Avoid producing dust.
Avoid oxidants, acids, alkalis. Equipped with leak emergency treatment equipment. Empty
containers may be harmful residues.
化学药剂说明Chemical Description
7.杀菌剂：次氯酸钠，NaClO
Bactericide：hypochlorous acid，NaClO
作用：杀菌消毒
Role: Sterilization and disinfection
注意事项：密闭操作，全面通风。操作人员必须经过专门培训，严格遵守操作规程。建议操
作人员佩戴直接式防毒面具（半面罩），戴化学安全防护眼镜，穿防腐工作服，戴橡胶手
套。防止蒸气泄漏到工作场所空气中。避免与酸类接触。搬运时要轻装轻卸，防止包装及容
器损坏。配备泄漏应急处理设备。倒空的容器可能残留有害物。
Matters needing attention: Closed operation, full ventilation. Operators must undergo specialized
training, strictly abide by the rules. It is recommended that operators wear direct gas masks (half
masks), wear chemical safety goggles, wear anti-corrosion overalls and wear rubber gloves.
Prevent steam from leaking into the workplace air. Avoid contact with acids. When handling to
light light unloading to prevent damage to the packaging and containers. Equipped with leak
emergency treatment equipment. Empty containers may be harmful residues.
8.碳酸钠：Na2CO3
Sodium carbonate：Na2CO3
作用：调节PH，相比较NaOH调节较为平缓
Role: adjust PH，Compared to NaOH regulation is more gentle
设备说明Device Description
1.管道混合器：Pipe mixer
作用：在不需外动力情况下，水流通过管道混合器会产生分流、交叉混合和反向旋流，使加
入的药剂迅速、均匀地扩散到整个水体中，达到瞬间混合的目的，节省药剂。
Effect: Without external force, water flow through the pipe mixer will produce diversion, cross-
mixing and reverse cyclone, so that the added agent quickly and evenly spread throughout the
water, to achieve the purpose of instantaneous mixing, to save the agent.

2.一体化净水箱：Coagulation Sedimentation Unit

作用：设备分为混凝箱，沉淀箱及净水箱。混凝箱为化学药剂充分反应，使水中杂质达到聚
集反应的效果，沉淀箱为杂质与化学药剂反应后凝聚为沉淀物，并利用斜板使沉淀物留于箱
底，净水箱为净化后水通过溢流槽流入箱中。
Effect: Equipment is divided into coagulation box, sedimentation tank and clean water tank. The
coagulation tank fully responds to the chemical agent to make the impurities in the water reach
the aggregation reaction. The sedimentation tank condenses into a precipitate after being reacted
with the chemical agent and precipitates are left at the bottom of the tank by the inclined plate,
and the purified water tank is purified water Flow through the overflow tank into the tank.
设备说明Device Description
1.管道混合器：Pipe mixer（TX-001-003）
作用：在不需外动力情况下，水流通过管道混合器会产生分流、交叉混合和反向旋流，使加
入的药剂迅速、均匀地扩散到整个水体中，达到瞬间混合的目的，节省药剂。
Effect: Without external force, water flow through the pipe mixer will produce diversion, cross-
mixing and reverse cyclone, so that the added agent quickly and evenly spread throughout the
water, to achieve the purpose of instantaneous mixing, to save the agent.
设备说明Device Description
2.一体化净水箱：Coagulation Sedimentation Unit（U-001,T-002）
作用：设备分为混凝箱，沉淀箱及净水箱。混凝箱为化学药剂充分反应，使水中杂质达到聚
集反应的效果，沉淀箱为杂质与化学药剂反应后凝聚为沉淀物，并利用斜板使沉淀物留于箱
底，净水箱为净化后水通过溢流槽流入箱中。
Effect: Equipment is divided into coagulation box, sedimentation tank and clean water tank. The
coagulation tank fully responds to the chemical agent to make the impurities in the water reach
the aggregation reaction. The sedimentation tank condenses into a precipitate after being reacted
with the chemical agent and precipitates are left at the bottom of the tank by the inclined plate,
and the purified water tank is purified water Flow through the overflow tank into the tank.
设备说明Device Description
3.进水泵：Feed Pump（P-001A~C）
作用：输送净水箱中的水进入滤器中。
Effect: Conveying water in the clean water tank into the filter.
4.石英砂滤器：Sand Filter（F-001A/B）
作用：填料主要为锰砂，降低水中的铁离子。
Effect: Filler is mainly manganese sand, reducing iron in water.
5.活性炭滤器：Active Carbon Filter（F-002A/B）
作用：填料主要为活性炭，去除水中的悬浮物，降低SDI（Silting Density Index）。
Effect: Filler is mainly activated carbon, remove suspended solids in water, reduce SDI
6.储气罐：Air Storage Tank（GT-001）
作用：仪表用气，提供阀门用气。
Effect: Instrumentation gas to provide valve gas.
设备说明Device Description
7.保安过滤器：Cartridge Filter（F-003A~C）
作用：截留滤器产水大于5μm的悬浮物。
Effect: Intercept filter produce water greater than 5μm suspended solids.
8.高压泵： High Pressure Pump（P-002A~C）
作用：增大进水压力，使其达到通过膜的压力。
Effect: Increase the inlet pressure so that it reaches the pressure across the membrane.
9.膜壳：RO Vessel
设备说明Device Description
10.RO清洗水箱：Clean Up Tank（T-003）
作用：RO化学清洗加药及淡水置换水箱。
Effect: RO chemical cleaning dosing and replacement of fresh water tank.
11.RO清洗泵： Clean Up Pump（P-004A/B）
作用：RO化学清洗加药及淡水置换水泵。
Effect: RO chemical cleaning dosing and replacement of fresh water pump.
12.反洗水箱：Backwash Water Tank（T-001）
作用：对石英砂滤器及活性炭滤器进行反冲洗水箱。
Effect: The quartz sand filter and activated carbon filter backwash tank.
13.反洗水泵：
作用：对石英砂滤器及活性炭滤器进行反冲洗水泵。
Effect: The quartz sand filter and activated carbon filter backwash pump.
设备说明Device Description
14.预处理加药箱：Pretreatment Dosing Tank（T-201~204）
作用：预处理药剂配置水箱。
Effect: Pretreatment agent configuration water tank.
15.预处理加药泵：Pretreatment Dosing pump（P-201A/B~204A/B）
16.搅拌器：Mixer（MX201~203）
作用：配置药剂时搅拌，使药剂混合均匀。
Effect: Stir when disposing the medicament, make the medicament mix well.
设备说明Device Description
17.RO加药箱：RO Dosing Tank（T-205~208）
作用：RO药剂配置水箱。
Effect: RO agent configuration water tank.
18.RO加药泵：RO Dosing pump（P-205A/B~208A/B）
19.搅拌器：Mixer（MX204~206）
作用：配置药剂时搅拌，使药剂混合均匀。
Effect: Stir when disposing the medicament, make the medicament mix well.
系统控制说明
Explanation of system operation and
maintenance instruction
（1套）预处理装置+（1个）预处理水箱
(1 sets) pretreatment unit + (1) pretreatment water tank
允许启动：Allow start:
一体化净水器进水流量变送FT3710达到设定值（根据现场调试情况调整），启动预处理PAC计量泵
P201A，PAM计量泵P202A，NaOH计量泵P203A，NaClO计量泵P204A；
The water inlet flow of the integrated water purifier is sent FT3710 to the set point (adjusted according to the
field debugging). The pretreatment PAC metering pump P201A, PAM metering pump P202A, NaOH metering
pump P203A, NaClO metering pump P204A are started;
上位机已开机；
The host computer has been switched on;
急停按钮已复位。
The emergency stop button has been reset
PAC加药箱磁翻板液位计LT3712高于低液位；
PAC magnetic level gauge LT3712 is higher than low liquid level;
PAM加药箱磁翻板液位计LT3713高于低液位；
PAM magnetic level gauge LT3713 is higher than low liquid level;
NaOH加药箱磁翻板液位计LT3714高于低液位；
NaOH magnetic level gauge LT3714 is higher than low liquid level;
NaClO加药箱低液位控制开关LS3712高于低液位；
NaClO kit low level control switch LS3712 higher than low level;
正常停机：Normal shutdown:
预处理水箱液位LT3711高液位（根据现场调试情况调整）；
Pretreatment tank water level LT3711 high liquid level (adjusted according to field debugging);
上位机已开机；
The host computer has been switched on;

补充说明：Supplement:
一体化净水器进水流量变送FT3710，送DCS监控；
Integrated water purifier influent flow FT3710, send DCS monitoring;
预处理水箱液位LT3711，送DCS监控；
Pretreatment tank water level LT3711, send DCS monitoring;
预处理水箱液位变送LT3711达到高液位，报警；
The pretreatment tank water level is changed to LT3711 to reach high level and alarm;
PAC溶药箱磁翻板液位变送LT3712低液位，关闭计量泵P201A/B，报警；
PAC solution kit magnetic level transmission LT3712 low level, close the metering pump
P201A/B, alarm;
PAM溶药箱磁翻板液位变送LT3713低液位，关闭计量泵P202A/B，报警；
PAM solution kit magnetic level transmission LT3713 low level, close the metering pump
P202A/B, alarm;
NaOH溶药箱磁翻板液位变送LT14低液位，关闭计量泵P203A/B，报警；
NaOH solution kit magnetic level transmission LT14 low level, close the metering pump
P203A/B, alarm;
NaClO溶药箱液位开关LS3712低液位，关闭计量泵P204A/B，报警；
NaClO LS3712 kit solution liquid level switch low level, close the metering pump P204A/B,
alarm;
（2台）进水泵+（2台）砂滤器+（2台）活性炭滤器+（2台）反洗泵+（1个）反洗水箱+（1台）罗茨
风机+（1个）产水箱（HBP提供）
(2) the water pump (2) + sand filter + (2) + activated carbon filter backwash pump (2) + (1) +
backwashing water tank (1) blower (1) + water tank (HBP)
允许启动：permission to start
预处理系统出水正常（根据现场调试情况调整）；
The effluent of the pretreatment system is normal (adjusted according to site commissioning)
预处理水箱液位变送器LT3711高于低液位（根据现场调试情况调整）；
The pretreatment tank water level transmitter LT3711 is higher than the low liquid level (adjusted according to
the site debugging);
产水箱液位（HBP提供）低于高液位（根据现场调试情况调整）；
Water tank level (supplied by HBP) is lower than high liquid level (adjusted according to field debugging);
上位机已开机；
The host computer has been switched on;
急停按钮已复位。
The emergency stop button has been reset

正常停机：Normal shutdown:
预处理水箱液位变送器LT3711低液位（根据现场调试情况调整）；
Pretreatment tank water level transmitter LT3711 low liquid level (adjusted according to field debugging);
产水箱液位高液位（根据现场调试情况调整）；
上位机已开机；
Water tank level high level (adjusted according to site debugging);

The host computer has been switched on;

 砂滤器控制步序：
Sand filter control step:
阀门
valve

FCV37
P001A/B/ P003A/B B001
FCV3712, 16,FC FCV3737
序号 FCV3717, FCV3713 FCV3715, C进水泵 反洗泵 鼓风机 时间
操作operate FCV3711,F FCV3719 V3723 FCV3714, 鼓风机排
NO FCV3724 ,FCV372 FCV3722 Inlet Backwas blowing （min）
CV3718上 产水阀 进气 FCV3721 空阀
排气阀air 0下进阀 下排阀 pump h Pump machine
进阀Upward Water 阀 上排阀top Blower
evacuation Down Discharge
valve producing admiss valve emptying
valve valve valve
valve ion valve
valve
正洗
conventiona
1 ○1 ○1 ○1 ○2 20
l well
flushing
According
to the site
2 运行move ○1 ○1 ○1 ○2 debugging
to
determine
放水turn on
3 ○1 ○1 ○1 3
the water
气洗air
4 ○1 ○1 ○1 ○2 5
purge
5 沉降subside ○1 ○1 1
反洗back
6 ○1 ○1 ○1 ○2 10
flushing
7 沉降subside ○1 ○1 1
 活性炭滤器控制步序：
Control step of activated carbon filter
阀门
valve
P003A/B反
P001A/B/C
序号 FCV3726 FCV3730, FCV3737 洗泵 时间
操作operate FCV3725 FCV3729,F 进水泵Inlet
NO ,FCV3732 FCV3736 FCV3727,F FCV3728,F 鼓风机排空 Backwash （min）
,FCV3731 CV3735下 pump
产水阀 排气阀 CV3733 CV3734上 阀 Pump
上进阀 排阀
Water air 下进阀 排阀top Blower
Upward Discharge
producing evacuation Down valve valve emptying
valve valve
valve valve valve
正洗
1 conventional ○1 ○1 ○1 ○2 20
well flushing

According
to the site
2 运行move ○1 ○1 ○1 ○2 debugging
to
determine

放水turn on
3 ○1 ○1 ○1 3
the water

4 沉降subside ○1 ○1 1

反洗 back
5 ○1 ○1 ○1 ○2 10
flushing
6 沉降subside ○1 ○1 1
 活性炭滤器控制步序：
Control step of activated carbon filter
阀门valve
FCV3726
FCV3725 FCV3730, FCV3729,F FCV3737鼓 P001A/B/C P003A/B
序号 ,FCV3732 FCV3727 FCV3728,
CV3735 风机排空阀 反洗泵 时间
操作operate ,FCV3731 FCV3736 进水泵
NO 产水阀 ,FCV3733 FCV3734 Backwash （min）
上进阀 排气阀air 下排阀 Blower Inlet pump
Water 下进阀 上排阀top Pump
Upward evacuation Discharge emptying
producing Down valve valve
valve valve valve valve
valve
正洗
1 conventional ○1 ○1 ○1 ○2 20
well flushing

According
to the site
2 运行move ○1 ○1 ○1 ○2 debugging
to
determine

放水turn on
3 ○1 ○1 ○1 3
the water

4 沉降subside ○1 ○1 1

反洗 back
5 ○1 ○1 ○1 ○2 10
flushing

6 沉降subside ○1 ○1 1
 RO控制步序：
RO control step
Valve

P205A/B,
P002A/B/ P207A/B,P208
P001A/ P004 P206A/B Recommended
Serial C High A/B
Operation SDV3741,3744,3 B/CFeed Clean Up RO Inlet time
Number SDV3738~3 SDV3742,3745, Pressure RO Product
747Wash Water Pump Pump Dosing （min）
740Inlet 3748Flush Water Pump Dosing Pump
Inlet Pump

1 Boot Washing ○1 ○1 ○2 2

2 Operation ○1 ○1 ○2 ○2 ○2

Shut Down
3 ○1 ○1 ○2 2
Washing

Fresh Water
4 ○1 ○1 ○2 2
Replacement
开机画面 F1
startup screen F1
砂滤画面 F2
Quartz sand filter screen F2
碳滤画面 F3
Activated carbon filter screen F3
RO A画面 F4
RO A screen F4
RO B画面 F5
RO B screen F5
RO C画面 F6
RO C screen F6
预处理加药画面 F7
Pretreatment dosing screen F7
RO加药画面 F7
RO dosing screen F7
砂滤控制画面 F8
Quartz sand filter control screen F8
碳滤控制画面 F8
Activated carbon filter control screen F8
RO 控制画面 F9
RO control screen F9
报警画面 F10
Alarm screen F10
 系统操作维护说明书讲解
Explanation of system operation and maintenance
instruction
设备的维护和使用特别需要注意的是泵和膜元件，以下是一
些常见的故障以及排除方法。
Special attention should be paid to the pump and membrane
elements in the maintenance and use of the equipment.
 供水泵的常见故障
Common faults of water supply pump
故障特征 原因 处理方法
Fault characteristics Reason processing method
电源故障电机过载控制电路有问题 检查电源检查系统检查控制电路Check
电机不能启动
Power failure, motor overload control the power supply check system check
The motor will not start
circuit has problems control circuit
调整电机接线降低泵安装位置增加蓄水
水泵反转吸程过高泵腔蓄水太少吸入、
量打开阀门重新灌液、排净空气
泵不出水 排除阀关死进水管或泵中有空气
Adjust the motor wiring, reduce the
No water Pump reverse suction too high, pump
installation position of pump, increase the
cavity too little water, suction, shut off
water storage capacity, open the valve, re
valve, into the water pipe or pump with air
pour liquid, clean the air
管路堵塞选型不对进水管吸入空气耐磨 清理水泵及管路重新选型检查管路更换
泵流量不足 环磨损The pipeline clogging selection 耐磨环Clean the water pump and pipeline,
Insufficient pump flow right water inlet pipe air suction wear ring re select the inspection pipeline, replace
wear the wear ring
泵消耗功率过大 流量太大电机轴承磨损严重 流量调小更换轴承
The pump power Too much traffic of motor bearing wear Replacement of bearings by flow reduction
consumption is too large
1泵内零件顺坏2电机轴承磨损3.电机轴 更换泵内零件更换轴承调整电机与泵的
和泵轴不在统一中心线上 连接位置
噪音过大
1 pump parts are bad, 2 motor bearings Replace the pump parts, replace the
Excessive noise
wear 3., motor shaft and pump shaft is not bearing, adjust the connection position45 of
in the unified center line the motor and pump
 清洗水泵常见故障
Common troubles of cleaning water pump

故障原因 处理方法
Fault Reason processing method

化学清洗水箱处于低液位
属正常操作
The chemical cleaning tank is in
Normal operation
low liquid level
相应的开关,交流接触器等不灵
检修相应的电器
The corresponding switch, AC
Repair the corresponding
contactor and so on are not
electrical equipment
working
泵电机烧毁 修理泵电机
Pump motor burnout Repair pump motor

46
 高压泵常见故障
Common faults of high pressure pump
故障原因 处理方法
Fault Reason processing method
属正常操作
反渗透增压泵未启动
Normal operation
The reverse osmosis booster pump is not started

反渗透产水压力高于压力保护开关的设定值，控制器自
检查产水管路阀是否全部处于关闭状态Check
动接通Reverse osmosis water pressure is higher than the
whether all the water pipe valve is in the closed
set pressure protection switch value, the controller
state
automatically switched on
反渗透泵吸入口压力低于压力保护开关的设定值，控制
器自动断开 检查原水进口，各段滤器压力差,做好反洗工作
The suction port pressure of reverse osmosis pump is lower Check raw water inlet, filter pressure difference in
than the setting value of the pressure protection switch, and each section, do backwash work
the controller is automatically disconnected
相应的开关,交流接触器等不灵
检修相应的电器
The corresponding switch, AC contactor and so on are not
Repair the corresponding electrical equipment
working

泵电机烧毁
修理泵电机
Pump motor burnout
Repair pump motor
膜元件的维护
Maintenance of membrane elements
在RO膜出现以下情况之一时，需要进行清洗：
In the case of RO film, cleaning is needed:
1、标准化产水量降低10%-15%；
Standardized water production reduced by 10%-
15%;
2、进水和浓水之间的标准化压差上升了15%；
The standard pressure difference between influent
and concentrated water increased by 15%;
3、标准化透盐率增加5%以上；
Standardized salt permeability rate increased by
more than 5%;
4、已被证实有结垢或有污染。
It has been proved to have fouling or
contamination.

48
清洗
Clean

RO膜清洗周期大概如下，具体需要根据RO膜的污染情况：
RO membrane cleaning cycle is approximately as follows,
the specific need according to the RO membrane pollution
situation:
碱洗：大约15天清洗一次，pH=10~11
Alkaline wash: rinse in about 15 days, pH=10~11
酸洗：大约15天清洗一次，pH=2.5~3.5
Pickling: cleaning in about 15 days, pH=2.5~3.5
RO膜化学清洗分为四个过程：配置清洗药液、循环、浸泡和冲洗
Chemical cleaning of RO membrane is divided into four
processes: configuration, cleaning, circulation, immersion
and flushing
 清洗药剂的配置
Configuration of cleaning
agents
化学清洗药剂的配置是化学清洗过程的基础，它直接影响化学清洗的效果。
The configuration of chemical cleaning agents is the basis of chemical cleaning
process, which directly affects the effect of chemical cleaning.
药剂量的计算：
Calculation of chemical dosage:
化学清洗药剂量=药剂溶液百分比浓度*添加的清水量（通常为化学药箱容积）。
Chemical cleaning of water volume dose = * add the reagent solution concentration
(usually chemical container capacity).
注：*清水：要求为RO/STRO/STNF产水或无其它离子污染的纯洁水。
Note: *: water requirements for RO/STRO/STNF water or other non ionic contamination
of pure water.
*药剂溶液百分比浓度：是按厂商规定的药剂溶液百分比浓度计算。
* percentage concentration of reagent solution: calculated by the percentage
concentration of reagent solution specified by the manufacturer.
清洗液PH值的检测：
The cleaning liquid pH detection:
清洗过程中清洗液的PH值是重要的测定参数，通过PH的变化可以判断系统清洗的状况和清洗阶
段。注意：在清洗过程中需对PH进行检测，现场采用精密试纸法或便携式PH仪进行检测。有效的碱清
洗要求PH值略低于12，但为了保护膜组件，PH值绝不能超过12。The pH value of cleaning
solution is an important parameter in the process of cleaning, and the cleaning status
and cleaning stage can be judged by the change of PH. Attention should be paid to the
detection of PH in the cleaning process, and the precision test paper method or portable
PH instrument are used in the field. Effective alkali cleaning requires pH value
slightly less than 12, but in order to protect membrane components, pH value must not
 清洗药剂的配置
Configuration of cleaning
agents
1.膜的清洗建议使用专用的膜清洗剂，配置到清洗所需的浓度。
1. membrane cleaning recommended the use of special membrane cleaning agent,
configured to the required concentration of cleaning.
2.膜的酸洗：柠檬酸（1%）+十二烷基苯磺酸钠，用反渗透产水配置（无游离氯），pH可通过氨
水调节，调节到2.5-3.5。
2.Membrane pickling: citric acid (1%) + twelve sodium sulfonate, with reverse
osmosis water production configuration (free chlorine), pH can be adjusted by ammonia,
adjusted to 2.5-3.5.
3.膜的碱洗：一般用片碱和EDTA四钠（1%），用反渗透产水配置（无游离氯），pH可通过酸调
节，调节到10-11，注意严禁超过12。
3. film: four sodium alkali protopine and generally used EDTA (1%), with reverse
osmosis water allocation (free chlorine), pH acid by adjustment, adjusted to 10-11, no
more than 12 note.
4.每次酸洗或碱洗过后需将药剂排掉，用清水（无游离氯）冲洗干净。
4. after acid washing or alkali washing, the chemicals should be discharged and
cleaned with clean water (without free chlorine).
5.化学清洗，一般先将药剂在清洗水箱中配置，混合均匀后进行下一步。循环30分钟，浸泡15
分钟，如此反复几次，若膜污堵比较严重，可延长时间。5. chemical cleaning, usually in the
pharmaceutical cleaning tank configuration, mixed evenly after the next step. Cycle
for 30 minutes, soak for 15 minutes, so repeated several times, if the membrane
fouling is serious, can extend the time.
保安滤芯的维护和保养
Maintenance and maintenance of safety filter element

当保安滤器进出口压力大于0.1MPa，即一公斤压差时，说明滤芯已污堵，
需要及时更换，滤芯作为耗材使用寿命视进水水质情况而定，一般2个月
更换一次。
When the safety filter inlet and outlet pressure is greater than 0.1MPa, that is
one kilogram of pressure difference, indicating that the filter has been blocked,
need to be replaced in time, the filter as a consumable life depends on the
water quality, generally replaced 2 months.
膜的停运保护
Shutdown protection of membrane
当停运膜系统时，必须用产水或高品质的进水冲洗整个膜系统，以便将高含盐量的浓
水从压力容器和膜元件内置换掉，直到浓水出水电导接近进水电导，冲洗应在约3.0bar
（40psi）低压下进行，高流量有利于提高冲洗效果，但不应使元件或压力容器两端的压差
超过最高规定值。
膜系统不作任何防止微生物生长保护措施的最长停运时间为24小时，如果无法做到每隔24
小时冲洗一次但又必须停运48小时以上时，必须采用化学药品进行封存，以防止微生物的
生长。在清洗之后的10小时之内，必须实施如下保护措施：
①将膜元件浸没在1～1.5%亚硫酸氢钠保护液中，并将空气从压力容器内赶走。通过循环亚
硫酸氢钠溶液，使系统内的残留空气最少，完成循环；
②关闭所有阀门以防止空气与保护液接触，因为这样的接触会氧化亚硫酸氢钠。
③每周检查一次保护液pH值，当pH低于3时，应更换保护液；
④每月更换一次保护液。
在停运期间，必须防止膜系统结冰，温度不可超过35℃，满足上述条件时，保存环境温
度，越低越好。
When the membrane system outage, must use water or water quality to rinse the membrane
system, so that the concentrated water salinity from internal pressure vessels and membrane
components replaced, until the water near the water conductivity of concentrated water
conductivity, flushing should be at about 3.0bar (40psi) under low pressure, high flow rate is
conducive to improve the flushing effect, but should not make the element or the pressure
vessel at both ends of the pressure exceeds the maximum specified value.
If the membrane system does not prevent any microbial growth, the longest outage time is 24
hours, if it can not be washed every 24 hours, but must be shut down for more than 48 hours,
chemical agents must be used to seal up, to prevent microbial growth. The following protective
measures must be implemented within 10 hours after cleaning:
（1） immerse the membrane element in 1 ~ 1.5% Sodium Bisulfite protection solution and
drive the air out of the pressure vessel. By recycling the Sodium Bisulfite solution, the residual air
in the system is the least, and the cycle is completed;
（2）Close all valves to prevent contact between the air and the protective liquid, because the
contact will oxidize Sodium Bisulfite.
（3）The protective solution pH should be checked once a week, and the protection solution
should be replaced when pH is less than 3;
（4）Change the protective solution once a month.
During the outage, the membrane system must be prevented from freezing, and the
temperature should not exceed 35 degrees. When the above conditions are met, the
environmental temperature should be preserved, and the lower the better, the better.
55