3RD GRADING LESSON IN ENGLISH

Gustav Freytag-is a German novelist who realize that plots of stories and even novels have common
patterns.

Organic Unity-it states that interdependent parts of a story are all needed to create a whole.
Denouement-this part of the plot structure of a fiction include an explanation of what had happened and how
characters think or feel. A French term that means the ending.
Nicomedes Marquez Joaquin-some of his novels in English were written under the pen name Quijano de
Manila. He was awarded the title National Artist for Literature 1976.
Merlinda Bobis-a writer from the Philippines who is currently teaching at the Wollongong University in
Australia. A writer who received Philippine National Book award for Fish-Hair Woman in 2014. She is the
author of The Sadness Collector.
There are stories that may use a character, or event to signify something else from its original meaning. In
fiction, it is called symbolism.
Irony-it refers to the opposite of the literal meaning.
Francisco Sionil Jose-he is currently considered one of the most widely read Filipino authors. His usual
themes are social struggle and strife in Philippine society. One of his famous works is The God Stealer.
Exposition is a part of a story which shows that something happens to begin the action. This is called the
inciting incident. These are small events that tell signs that the conflict is about to begin.
Climax-a part of a story that usually signals how the story will end. The event with the greatest tension of the
story.
Exposition-it is sometimes known as the complication of the story.
Falling action-on this part, the story reaches a premature resolution of the conflicts, problems, and issues
that were raised in the previous part of the story.
Allegory-a story in which the characters and events are symbols that stand for ideas about human life or for
political or historical situation.
Situational irony-it refers to the actual outcome of a situation that is different from what is expected.
Fiction-a story that is entirely made up and is not true.
Character-the reason that the reader will be interested or disinterested in reading the story.
Rising action-a part of a Freytag pyramid wherein the complication begins to show itself on the characters,
settings, and events in the story.
Dramatic irony-this refers to the attitude of the reader that it seems like they know more than the characters
in the story.
Verbal irony-this refers to what is being said by the character which is opposite of what he originally meant.
Noli Me Tangere & El Filibusterismo-these novels are long and sustained critical story about the Spanish
rule in the Philippines.
Intention-these are the challenges to the main characters.
Aristotle-he believes that for a story to be considered a story, it must have a beginning, a middle, and an end.