MICRO TEACHING ON NORMAL EYE

Submitted to, Submitted by,

Mrs Moncy P M Axsa Alex

Asst.Professor 1st Year MSc Nursing

SJCON Submitted on;17/8/2020 SJCON

Anchal Anchal
Name of the student teacher : Ms. Axsa Alex

Subject : Anatomy

Topic : Normal Eye

Group : Second year BSc nursing students

Av aids : PPT, Chart,Blackboard,Model,Leaflet,Pamphlet

Method of teaching : Lecture cum discussion

Date : 22/8/2020

Time : 2;30pm

Duration : 30mts

Venue : St Joseph’s college of nursing

Second year BSc class

Previous knowledge: Students have adequate knowledge regarding normal eye from books, mass media, and faculties.
Central objectives : At the end of the class, the students are able to acquires adequate knowledge regarding normal eye, and apply this

knowledge in practical setting and develop the skill in taking care of patients with eye abnormalities

Specific objectives : At the end of the class students are able to

 describe external anatomy of the eye

 enumerate accessory organs and eye protection

 describe muscles of eyes.

 explain layers of eyes.

 enumerate parts of eye

 explain fluid in eye.


Specific Time Content Teachers Learners AV Aids Evaluation
objectives Activity Activity
1mt INTRODUCTION

The eye is a specialized sense organ that

helps us to understand our environment. It

is a sensory unit composed of three parts:

receptor, sensory pathway, and a brain

center. It is spherical in shaped

It is about 2.5 cm in diameter. Situated in the

orbital cavity

Describe 6mts EXTERNAL ANATOMY OF THE EYE Explaining Listening Model What is

external The parts of the eye that are visible externally ,PPT conjunctiva?

anatomy of comprise the external structure of the eye.

the eye These include the following:-

Sclera: It is a tough and thick white sheath that

protects the inner parts of the eye. We know it as

the ‘White of the eye’.

Conjunctiva: It is a thin transparent membrane

that is spread across the sclera. It keeps the eyes

moist and clear by secreting small amounts of

mucus and tears.

Cornea: It is the transparent layer of skin that is

spread over the pupil and the iris. The main role

of the cornea is to refract the light that enters the

eyes.

Iris: It is a pigmented layer of tissues that make

up the coloured portion of the eye. Its primary

function is to control the size of the pupil,

depending on the amount of light entering it.

Pupil: It is the small opening located in the

middle of the Iris. It allows light to come in.
 What are the
Accessory Organs & Eye Protection
Enumerate 5mts Describing Listening PPT,Black functions of

accessory board adipose

 Orbital cavities (bony sockets) – house &
organs and tissue?
protect the eye
eye
• Adipose tissue – cushions the eye
protection
• Lacrimal glands – produce tears that lubricate

& have a germicidal effect

• Eyebrows – protect against foreign articles,

perspiration, & direct rays of light

Eyelids – folds of skin that cover the surface of

the eye; close by reflex action when an object

approaches

• Eyelashes – secrete oils that prevent lids from

sticking together.
 Describing Listening PPT,Chart What is

Describe 4mts Muscles of eye:- extrinsic

muscles of  Extrinsic muscles – muscles located outside of muscles?

eyes. the eye that control certain eye movements such

as moving. The extra ocular muscles are (Superior

rectus, Inferior rectus, Lateral rectus, Medial

rectus, Superior oblique and Inferior oblique) and

one muscle that controls eyelid elevation (levator

palpebrae).
 Intrinsic muscles – muscles located inside the

eye that help hold the lens in place & modify its

shape.

Ciliary muscle
 part of the ciliary body

 Non-striated muscle

 Attached through the suspensory ligament to

the lens capsule

 Changes the thickness of the lens

 Accommodation is the main function

Iris

 Iris has non-striated muscle fibres which

constric and dilate the pupil and regulate

the amount of light entering the eye.

Layers

There are three layer of the eye

1.Sclera – white, outer layer of the eyeball;

tough, fibrous membrane that helps to maintain

Explain the spherical shape of the eyeball Explaining Listening PPT

layers of 6mts  Cornea – part of sclerotic coat; transparent, What is

eyes. front part of eyeball through which light waves sclera?

pass – no blood vessels but lots of nerve endings.

 Canals of Schlem – venous passages that drain

the fluid that accumulates behind the cornea;

located where the sclera & cornea meet

 Conjuctiva – thin, transparent mucous

membrane that covers the eyeball

2.Choroid layer – middle layer of the eye;

supplies blood vessels to the eye and contains

dark pigment granules that prevent the reflection

of light in the eye

 Ciliary body – intrinsic muscle; smooth

muscle fibers support & modify lens shape

 Iris – colored portion of eye formed by

circularly and radially arranged smooth muscle

fibers; regulates amount of light entering they eye

by constricting or dilating the pupil

 Pupil – rounded opening of the iris through

which light passes

• 3.Retina – innermost layer of the eye; lines its

surface and contains photoreceptors (cells

responsible for converting light into nerve

impulses – rods & cones)

Eye Parts

 Rods – cylindrical photoreceptors found in

greatest concentration on the edges of the retina;

most common type of receptor; allow us to see in

low light and provide for peripheral vision

Enumerate Cones – Conical photoreceptors found in Describing Listening PPT,

parts of eyes 5mt greatest concentration near the center of the Phamlets Which part of

retina; there are three varieties of cones, each the eyes the

most sensitive to a particular wavelength (color) conical

of light – blue, green, & red; allow for visual photoreceptor

acuity (sharp vision) and color vision s are found in

 Fovea centralis – a depression, or pit, in the greatest

center of the retina that contains only cones; concentration

provides for the most acute vision & color ?

sensitivity

 Optic disk (blind spot) – area where optic

nerve attaches to the retina; does not contain any

photoreceptors

 Lens – flexible, biconvex, crystal-like structure

that brings rays of light into focus and produces

an image on the retina

 • Suspensory ligament – holds the lens in place;

attached to the ciliary body, which controls the

amount of tension exerted on the lens.

Fluid in eye

 Aqueous humor – watery fluid that provides

nutrition and helps maintain the shape of the

cornea; found in the smaller, anterior chamber of

the eye.

 Vitreous humor – thick, gel-like substance that

Explain fluid fills the largest chamber of the eye and helps to

in eye. 3mts hold its spherical shape Explaining Listening PPT, What is

Summary Leaflet aqueous

Till now we discussed about the humor?

external anatomy of the eyes,accessory organs of

eyes,muscles of eyes ,layers of eyes.,parts of eyes

and fluid in the eyes.

Recapitulation

1) What are the accessory organs of eyes?

2) What are the muscles of eyes?

3) What are the layers of eyes?

4) What are the parts of eye?

5) What are the fluids in the eye?

Assignment

Write an assignment about visual pathway.

Conclusion

The eye is the organ which regulates the sense

of sight, allowing us to interpret the shapes,

colours and dimensions of our surroundings by

processing the light they reflect or emit.

Bibliography

Teachers Reference

 BD Chaurasias Human anatomy,regional

 and applied dissection and clinical ,CBS

publication,Volume 1,4th edition

 PR Ashalatha and G Deepa,Text book of

anatomy and physiology for nurses,Jaypee

publications,3rd edition

 https://www.britannica.com/science/femur

Students Reference

 BD Chaurasias Human anatomy,regional

and applied dissection and clinical ,CBS

publication,Volume 1,4th edition

 PR Ashalatha and G Deepa,Text book of

anatomy and physiology for nurses,Jaypee

publications,3rd edition.