greater than RPA and UBC97 only for very soft soil, which can be explained by the importance

of soil
factor defined by EC8 for this soil type which is equal to 1.8.
Fig.6 shows lateral displacements of stories given by seismic analysis. As seen from Fig.6, the
displacement increases when the soil gets softer, and the maximum value is given by the last story.
EC8 type 1 gives values of displacements greater than those of UBC97 and RPA and for all ground
types, for very soft soil, the displacements given by EC8 type 2 and RPA are close.

soil type 1 soil type 2

14 14
12 12
EC8
Base shear(MN)

Base shear(MN)
10 10 type1
EC8 EC8 UBC97
8 8 RPA
RPA type1 EC8 UBC97 type2
6 type2 6
4 4
2 2
0 0
1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4

soil type 3 soil type 4

14 14
EC8
12 EC8 12 type1 EC8
type1 type2
Base shear(MN)

Base shear(MN)
10 UBC97 10 UBC97
EC8 RPA
RPA type2
8 8
6 6
4 4
2 2
0 0
1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4

Figure 5. Base shear of the building considering four types of soil.

Soil type 1 Soil type 2

0.04 0.04
RPA RPA
EC8 T1
Displacement(m)

Displacement(m)

0.03 EC8 T1 0.03

EC8 T2 EC8 T2
UBC97 UBC97
0.02 0.02

0.01 0.01

0 0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Story Story

Soil type 3 Soil Type 4

0.04 0.04
RPA RPA
EC8 T1 EC8 T1
Displacement(m)

Displacement(m)

0.03 0.03
EC8 T2 EC8 T2
UBC97 UBC97
0.02 0.02

0.01 0.01

0 0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Story
Story

Figure 6. Displacements of stories considering four ground types.

Conclusion

The inelastic design spectra showed that acceleration values of RPA99/2003 have the same peak
values for all ground types, whereas, EC8 type 1 and type 2 and UBC97 specified different peak
values depending on ground types, this difference can be explained by the fact that EC8 takes into
account site effect by introducing site factor S, and near and far field, and UBC97 also considers soil
factor.
 EC8 specifies the values of the maximum allowable behavior factor depending on type of
structural system, regularity in elevation and prevailing failure mode in the system with walls, but the
behavior factor defined in RPA99/2003 only depends on structural type of the structure.
In this study, base shears and displacements increase when soil gets softer, so the maximum
value is given for soil type S4-D (very soft soil). The displacement also increased with stories, which
means that the maximum value of displacement is given in the last story. EC8 type 1 gives the
maximum displacement and base shear values for all ground types. The results show also that RPA
results are close to those of UBC97, and EC8 type 2 gives base shears and displacements lower than
RPA except for soil type S4-D, this is because of the importance of soil factor for this soil type.

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