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Fire Protection System

I. Description

A. Brief System Information

 Water pump

A water pump is a part of a fire sprinkler system's water supply and can be
powered by electric, diesel or steam. The pump intake is either connected to the public
underground water supply piping, or a static water source. The pump provides water flow
at a higher pressure to the sprinkler system risers and hose standpipes.

A sprinkler system must have an adequate and reliable water supply. Some of the
common supply sources are from: (1) municipal water (2) elevated tanks (3) above
ground reservoirs (4) pressure tanks (5) natural water source

 Fire Pump Controller

A group of devices that serve to govern, in some predetermined manner, the


starting and stopping of the fire pump driver as well as monitoring and signaling the
status and condition of the fire pump unit.

 Automatic Transfer Switch

Self-acting equipment for transferring one or more load conductor connections


from one power source to another. The automatic transfer switch, which is often in a
separated enclosure, transfers power to a secondary power source (when provided) in the
event that primary power fails in the building or building power needs to be shut off for
operational purposes.

 Sprinkler Head/Nozzle

A sprinkler head/nozzle is the part of a fire sprinkler system that discharges water
when the effects of a fire have been detected, such as when a predetermined temperature
has been reached.

 Fire Alarm Control Panel


Fire Alarm Control Panel is an electric panel that is the controlling component of
a fire alarm system. The panel receives information from environmental sensors designed
to detect changes associated with fire, monitors their operational integrity and provides
for automatic control of equipment, and transmission of information necessary to prepare
the facility for fire based on a predetermined sequence. The panel may also supply
electrical energy to operate any associated sensor, control, transmitter, or relay. There are
four basic types of panels: coded panels, conventional panels, addressable panels, and
multiplex systems. A fire alarm control panel is required under the building code for a
majority of new commercial building construction in most countries.
In this system an addressable panel shall be used. Addressable panels are usually
much more advanced than their conventional counterparts, with a higher degree of
programming flexibility and single point detection. Addressable fire alarm panels were
introduced by many manufacturers during the microcontroller boom in the mid 1980s.
This type of panels usually have a number of signaling line circuit loops - usually
referred to as loops or SLC loops - ranging between one and thirty. Depending on the
protocol used, a loop can monitor and control several hundred devices. Some protocols
permit any mix of detectors and input/output modules, while other protocols have 50% of
channel capacity restricted to detectors/sensors and 1/2 restricted to input/output
modules. Each SLC polls the devices connected, which can number from a few devices to
several hundred, depending on the manufacturer. Large systems may have multiple SLCs,
and SLCs are further divided into sub-groups through the use of fault-isolation modules.
Each device on a SLC has its own address, and so the panel knows the state of
each individual device connected to it. Common addressable input (initiating) devices
include
 Smoke detectors
 Manual call points or manual pull stations
 Notification appliances
 Responders
 Fire sprinkler system inputs
 Switches
o Flow control
o Pressure
o Isolate
o Standard switches

Addressable output devices are known as relays and include

 (Warning System/Bell) Relays


 Door Holder Relays
 Auxiliary (Control Function) Relay
 Heat Detector

Heat Detectors are thermal detectors which monitors the ambient thermal
condition for fire protection. Heat detectors may use a mechanical temperature sensing
element connected to a suitable switch. Such a heat detector utilizes a spring-loaded
plunger that is held fast at normal room temperatures by a conductor which melts at a
preselected temperature and allows the spring to return to its relaxed state, which in turn
causes a switch to close and operate a remote alarm panel or system. A second type of
heat detector in use is constructed using a bimetallic switch. Varying environmental
temperatures cause a bi-metallic element to snap between two bi-stable positions, which
in turn cause a switch to be opened or closed as a function of the bimetallic element.
A third type of heat detector includes both a fixed temperature sensor and a rate-
of-rise heat sensor. In addition to the spring-loaded switch actuator, the actual physical
housing of the heat detector acts pneumatically upon the switch. Thus, when a relatively
rapid change in temperature occurs, the expansion of the air within the housing causes an
integral bellows to expand and actuate the same switch that is used for fixed temperature
applications. Another type of heat detector includes a thermistor to sense the ambient
temperature. The resistance of the thermistor changes as the ambient temperature
increases and decreases. For this fire alarm protection system rate of rise heat sensors are
to be used.

 Smoke Detector

Smoke Detector is a device that detects smoke. Commercial, industrial, and mass
residential devices issue a signal to a fire alarm system, while household detectors,
known as smoke alarms, generally issue a local audible and/or visual alarm from the
detector itself.
Commercial smoke detectors are either conventional or analog addressable, and
are wired up to security monitoring systems or fire alarm control panels (FACP). These
are the most common type of detector, and usually cost a lot more than a household
smoke alarms. They exist in most commercial and industrial facilities, such as high rises,
ships and trains. These detectors don't need to have built in alarms, as alarm systems can
be controlled by the connected FACP, which will set of relevant alarms, and can also
implement complex functions such as a staged evacuation. Therefore to implement a
more reliable system, addressable smoke detectors are to be used in the this fire alarm
protection system.

 Pull Station

A fire alarm pull station is an active fire protection device, usually wall-mounted,
that, when activated, initiates an alarm on a fire alarm system. In its simplest form, the
user activates the alarm by pulling the handle down, which completes a circuit and locks
the handle in the activated position, sending an alarm to the fire alarm control panel.
After operation, Fire alarm pull stations must be restored to the ready position using a
special tool or key in order to deactivate the alarm sequence and return the system to
normal. Primitive manual stations requiring only a single action or hand motion to
activate, can be subject to unwanted activation by jarring or accidental contact. Early
strategies to cope with this problem included requiring the operator to break a glass pane
to release an internal spring operated mechanism. Manual pull stations that require two
hand motions such as; lift up and pull down or push in and pull down for example have
since replaced the break glass and single action models in many modern installations.

 Strobe Light with Horn

Strobe light with horn is an active fire protection component. A what we


discussed during the previous report, a notification appliance may use audible, visible, or
other stimuli to alert the occupants of a fire or other emergency condition requiring
action. Audible appliances have been in use longer than any other method of notification.
Most of today's appliances produce sound pressure levels between 45 and 120 decibels at
ten feet.
The primary function of the notification appliance is to alert persons at risk.
Several methods are used and documented in industry specifications published by UL.
Alerting methods include:
 Sound (audible signals)
o usually around 3200 Hz due to component constraints
o 45dB to 120dB A weighted for human hearing
 Light (visible signals)
o 15 cd to 1000 cd candela output
o 1 to 2 flashes per second
 Annunciator

A fire alarm annunciator is a device that is incorporated into the fire alarm
system. This device aims to keep an eye on your system's performance. This can be very
helpful in the evacuation process, as it is possible to know exactly what exits may be
impacted by the fire and re-route persons who might normally pass through that area on
their way out of the building.A fire alarm annunciator is basically a control panel that
helps you monitor and control all elements of your fire alarm system from a central
station. A fire alarm system has several components scattered all throughout the building.
When your system fails, you need to be able to pinpoint exactly where the malfunction is.

 Zoning Module

Zoning modules provide an interface between the alarm system and two wire
conventional detection zone. A common SLC input is used for all modules, and the
initiating device circuits share a common external supervisory supply and ground.
Otherwise, each module operates independently from the others.

 Input Module

Input modules provide an interface between the control panel and normally open
contact devices in intelligent alarm systems such as pull stations, security contacts or
flow switches.

B. Features and Functionalities

The group chose the wet pipe sprinkler system as the type of sprinkler system to
be implemented in the building. Basically is a wet pipe sprinkler system employs
automatic sprinkler heads attached to a piping system containing water and connected to
a water supply so that water discharges immediately from sprinklers opened by heat from
a fire.

Operation of the wet pipe system: When an automatic sprinkler is exposed to sufficient
heat, the heat sensitive element (glass bulb or fusible link) releases, allowing water to
flow from that sprinkler. Sprinklers are manufactured to react to a specific range of
temperatures. Only sprinklers subjected to a temperature at or above their specific
temperature rating will operate.

The basic operation of the fire sprinkler system to be implemented in the building
relies primarily with its component. When a fire is detected or sensed by one or more
sprinkler nozzle in a certain area, those nozzles that detected a fire will be activated since
the sprinkler system employs automatic sprinkler heads. In addition, when a heat detector
detects an increase of temperature within its area of coverage, the alarm of the heat
detector will sound and will alert the people near that area. Same concept implies with the
smoke and heat detectors. When the detector detects a smoke or heat within its area of
coverage,it will send the information to the fire alarm control panel and will then lead to
alarm of notification appliances like strobe lights and horn. When this alarm any
authorized personnel or any person near the fire alarm may turn on the actuator to inform
the people that there is a fire. With this, the personnel controlling the fire pump will be
able to monitor its performance and be able to prevent the fire.

With the specifications of the fire pump controller, compatibility of the fire pump
with its controller and transfer switch is not a problem since the fire pump system chose
by the group is with built-in fire pump controller and transfer switch which complements
the system requirements. Another advantage of this system is its built-in transfer switch
which can be used for secondary power supply for the power pump. This is in case the
main power supply is affected by the fire or if the main power supply is under
observation/operation. The model for the fire pump system already consists of other
fittings and accessories like jockey pump and its controller, supervisory valve switches,
flow meter, fire pump controller, automatic transfer switch. In addition, this system is
low cost in terms of its maintenance and very efficient. For the sprinkler system, the
sprinkler head chose by the group has a low profile yet durable design which utilize a
3mm frangible glass ampule as the thermosensitive element. It has also a maximum
coverage area of 16’ x 16’ or 4.8 m x 4.8 m which covers a large amount of area.

One of the strength of this system is that it enables the building personnel to
monitor all the area of the building, by implementing zoning area for every floor. This
will help the fire personnel to immediately act against the fire in a particular area. Also,
each floor has its own fire annunciator to indicate which zone/area in a certain floor has a
fire. Another strength is that the fire alarm system is composed of addressable
components which can give a functionalities to have relays on it that are used to control a
variety of functions such as switching fans on or off, closing/opening doors, recalling
elevators to a safe exit etc. Lastly, the control panel can program in such a way that it
would implement fairly complex inputs. For instance, a panel could be programmed to
notify the fire department only if more one device is activated. It can also be used for
staged evacuation procedures in conjunction with timers.

II. Design Parameters


A. Water pump

The main code that governs fire pump installations in North America is the
National Fire Protection Association's NFPA 20 Standard for the Installation of
Stationary Fire Pumps for Fire Protection.

According to NFPA 20, fire pumps can be located on any floor of a building
generally located in the basement, first floor, at the top, or other floors when more than
one fire pump is required. Any type of fire pump driver will require the installation of a
fire pump controller, which controls the operation of the fire pump driver.
Fire pump installations have two basic parts: the pump and the driver. There are
two primary types of fire pumps used in buildings: Centrifugal Split Case and the
Vertical Turbine. Centrifugal split case pumps are usually installed in situations where
incoming water to the pump is under pressure. Vertical turbines are utilized where water
supply is from a static source such as well, cistern, or body of water. Controllers for
electric drivers serve to provide electric current to the driver and monitor pump
operations, including start and stop and pressure monitoring.

In the case of our selected commercial building, which is a mall, the right
location for the pump room for the fire pump is at the basement because it is out of reach
of all the conditions stated in NFPA 20. Also, it is a place where there are no
unauthorized people can reach. The area of the pump room is also based on the size of the
fire pump and its components. Based on NFPA 20, the location of the stationary water
pump, driver and controller for the fire sprinkler system should be placed wherein it is
protected against possible interruption of service through damaged caused by explosion,
fire, flood, earthquake, rodents, insects, windstorm, freezing, vandalism, and other
adverse conditions.

- Indoor fire pump units shall be separated from all other areas of the building by 2-
hour rated construction.
- Fire pump units located outdoors and fire pump installations in buildings other that
that building being protected by the fire pump shall be located at least 50 ft (15.3 m)
away from the protected building. Outdoor installations also shall be required to be
provided with protection against possible interruption.
- Suitable means shall be provided for maintaining the temperature of a pump room or
pump house, where required, above 40oF (5oC).
- Artificial light shall be provided in a pump room or pump house.
- Emergency lighting shall be provided by fixed or portable battery operated lights,
including flashlights. Emergency lights shall not be connected to an engine-starting
battery.
- Provision shall be made for ventilation of a pump room or pump house.
- Floors shall be pitched for adequate drainage of escaping water from critical
equipment such as pump, driver, controller, and so forth. The pump room or pump
house shall be provided with a floor drain that will discharge to a frost-free location.
- Guards shall be provided for flexible couplings and flexible connecting shafts to
prevent rotating elements from causing injury to personnel.

According to NFPA 20, the water pump must be capable of discharging a


minimum value of 500 gpm at 125 psig.

B. Fire pump controller

NFPA Requirements

NFPA 20 requires electrical monitoring of pump controllers for pump running,


power failure, or controller failure. These remote alarm signals are often incorporated
into fire alarm panels or annunciators or both, so that fire departments may identify the
status of a given fire pump. A fire pump controller is the enclosure that contains controls
and status indicators for a fire pump. NFPA 20 requires these devices be within sight of
the fire pump motor or engine. The automatic transfer switch, which is often in a
separated enclosure, transfers power to a secondary power source (when provided) in the
event that primary power fails in the building or building power needs to be shut off for
operational issues. Fire service personnel may need access to this equipment during the
course of a fire.

NFPA contains reliability requirements for the power supply to an electrically


driven fire pump. For example, power supply lines must be protected and the circuit must
be independent of a buildings electrical service. The latter feature allows the fire service
to shut down building power while the fire pump continues to run. OSHA electrical
requirements found in Code of Federal Regulations Subpart S must also be followed for
fire pump installations. The most desirable location for a fire pump is in a separate
building. This affords the most protection for the pump driver, and controls from fire and
gives firefighters easy access to the pump and its controllers. If locating the pump in a
separate building is not possible, a fire rated room with an outside entrance is the next
best location. Recent code changes have dictated that fire pumps be installed in two-hour
rated rooms in non-sprinkled or partially sprinkled buildings and one-hour rooms in fully
sprinkled buildings. However, the AHJ can require full two-hour separation even in a
fully sprinkled building and this would afford the best protection for a fire pump that
must be placed in a building. Rating the fire pump room is required even if the pump is
within a mechanical room and helps to ensure survivability of the pump if a fire were to
occur in the surrounding area. The fire pump controller as well as of the valves and other
devices associated with the fire pump should be in the rated room.

 
Fire pump system Model: F4015 Armstrong Vertical In-Line Fire Pumps
Armstrong Vertical In-Line Fire Pumps are UL listed and FM approved. A full
range of optional accessories as well as complete packages are available to complement
the fire pumps. Capacities range from 50 to 1500 US gpm, with pressure boosts from 40
to 135 psi.

Typical Dimension: 3x4x3 meters

Design Features

High Working Pressure


Casing is high grade cast iron suitable for 250 psi maximum working pressure and
400 psi hydrostatic test.

Minimum Axial Thrust


Impeller is bronze enclosed type, hydraulically balanced.

Vibration-Free Operation
Impeller is dynamically balanced according to UL requirements.

Low Cost Maintenance


Replaceable bronze wearing rings.

Corrosion Resistant Protection at Stuffing Box


Non-corrosive shaft sleeve is heated and shrunk-fit on motor shaft for lifetime
fitting.
• UL/FM pumps are furnished with packed gland complete with an external flush
line to the lantern ring.

Double Volute Casing


Minimum Shaft Deflection
4" x 3", 6" x 4" and 6" x 5" pumps have a double volute to reduce shaft deflection
and prolong seal life.

Minimum Fittings
 3-1/2" (89 mm) compound Suction Gauge with isolating valve
 3-1/2" (89 mm) Discharge Pressure Gauge with isolating valve
 Casing Relief Valve

Other Fittings and Accessories:


 Concentric Discharge Increaser
 Eccentric Suction Reducer
 Fire Pump Controller
 Automatic Transfer Switch
 Jockey Pump
 Jockey Pump Controller
 Flow Meter
 Test Header, Hose Valves & Ball Drip Valve
 Main Relief Valve with Waste Cone
 Supervisory Valve Switches

Space Saving
 Valuable savings in floor space
 Ideal when space is at a premium
 Fits through a standard door
 Ideal for retrofit installations
 Fits in spaces not normally accessible to other fire pumps
 Alignment problems eliminated

Cost Saving
 Less installation time
 Simplified piping design
 Foundations not required
 Inertia base not required
 Flexible connections not required
 One unit responsibility

FIRE PUMP CONTROLLER AND AUTOMATIC TRANSFER SWITCH


COMBINATION
The automatic transfer switch and fire pump controllers combination is approved
by UL, ULC or FM, Model. The fire pump controller is combined manual and automatic
type. (Full Voltage Limited Service, Full Voltage Full Service, Reduced Voltage
Autotransformer, reduced voltage Wye - Delta). The automatic transfer switch and the
fire pump controller are mounted in separate enclosures, mechanically attached to form
one unit and provide for protected interlock wiring. The automatic transfer switch is
capable of automatic power transfer from normal to an alternate (generator / second
utility) emergency power source in case of failure of normal supply and automatically re-
transfer after restoration of normal power conditions.
The automatic transfer switch incorporates an externally operated main isolating
switch, a manual operating handle, indicators, contacts for remote alarms, voltage
frequency and phase reversal sensing, time delays and memory circuit.

JOCKEY PUMP CONTROLLER


The jockey pump is being controlled by an automatic jockey pump controller.
The automatic jockey pump controller is with full voltage starter. Upon system pressure
drop, the jockey pump will start up automatically and / pressurize the system to the set
pressure and then stop. If the system pressure' continues to decrease below the range of
the jockey pump, the main fire pump will start automatically.

1. Vertical In-Line Fire Pump


2. Fire Pump Controller
3. Automatic Transfer Switch
4. Suction OS&Y Gate Valve
5. Discharge Butterfly Valve
6. Check Valve
7. Suction & Discharge Pressure Gauges
8. Casing Relief Valve
9. Common Structural Steel Base
10. Sensing Line
11. Test Tee
12. Jockey Pump
13. Jockey Pump Controller
FirePak Econo Plus Series F4015
 Limited Service (to 30 hp)
 Full Service – Full Voltage
 Full Service – Reduced Voltage
 Auto Transfer Switch
 Jockey Pump Controllers
 Other options available
 Jockey Pump
 Jockey Pump Controller - all mounted & wired

Design: Pump Room Dimension

Typical fire pump room sizes shall have the following minimum dimensions:

Electric Driven Pump Rooms shall be 14 feet by 14 feet


Engine Driven Pump Rooms shall be 16 feet by 16 feet.

Dimension of the Pump room located at the basement 1:

But in the case of the design, using an electric driven pump, the fire pump
controller and transfer switch will be also located inside the fire pump room because
NFPA 20 requires these devices to be within the sight of the fire pump motor or engine.
In addition, the group chose a fire pump system with built-in fire pump controller and
transfer switch. Hence, the dimension of the pump room is 5 m x 5 m to occupy the
Armstrong F4150 pump system, controller and the transfer switch.

F4015 fire pump dimension: 3x4x2.5 m (lxwxh)


Floor Plan of Pump Room

Side View of Pump Room


C. Sprinkler head/nozzle

The main code that governs fire sprinkler installations is the National Fire
Protection Association's NFPA 13 Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler System. In
the design for the installation of fire sprinkler system, one must first consider the
classification of occupancies in the premises. Occupancy classifications for this NFPA 13
standard shall relate to sprinkler design, installation, and water supply requirements only.
Occupancy classifications shall not be intended to be a general classification of
occupancy hazards.

Classifications of Occupancies
Light hazard occupancies shall be defined as occupancies
or portions of other occupancies where the quantity and/or
Light Hazard Occupancies
combustibility of contents is low and fires with relatively
low rates of heat release are expected.
Ordinary hazard (Group 1) occupancies shall be defined as
occupancies or portions of other occupancies where
combustibility is low, quantity of combustibles is
Ordinary Hazard (Group 1)
moderate, stockpiles of combustibles do not exceed 8 ft
(2.4 m), and fires with moderate rates of heat release are
expected.
Ordinary hazard (Group 2) occupancies shall be defined as
occupancies or portions of other occupancies where the
Ordinary Hazard (Group 2) quantity and combustibility of contents are moderate to
high, stockpiles do not exceed 12 ft (3.7 m), and fires with
moderate to high rates of heat release are expected.
Extra hazard (Group 1) occupancies shall be defined as
occupancies or portions of other occupancies where the
quantity and combustibility of contents are very high and
Extra Hazard (Group 1) dust, lint, or other materials are present, introducing the
probability of rapidly developing fires with high rates of
heat release but with little or no combustible or flammable
liquids.
Extra hazard (Group 2) occupancies shall be defined as
occupancies or portions of other occupancies with
Extra Hazard (Group 2) moderate to substantial amounts of flammable or
combustible liquids or occupancies where shielding of
combustibles is extensive.

For the installation of sprinkler head/nozzle in the building, we must consider


certain factors before designing the locations of the sprinkler nozzles.

- Floor Area and Floor Plan of the Building


- Type of Sprinkler head/nozzle to be used
- Specifications of the selected sprinkler head/nozzle
With the given data sheet of the selected sprinkler head, we can obtain important
specifications that we can use for its installation. The three most important factor that we
consider with the sprinkler nozzle specifications are the following:
 temperature rating
 water working pressure
 discharge coverage area

The requirements for spacing, location, and position of sprinklers shall be based on the
following principles:
(1) Sprinklers shall be installed throughout the premises.
(2) Sprinklers shall be located so as not to exceed maximum protection area per
sprinkler.
(3) Sprinklers shall be positioned and located so as to provide satisfactory performance
with respect to activation time and distribution.
(4) Sprinklers shall be permitted to be omitted from areas specifically allowed by this
standard.
(5) When sprinklers are specifically tested and test results demonstrate that deviations
from clearance requirements to structural members do not impair the ability of the
sprinkler to control or suppress a fire, their positioning and locating in accordance
with the test results shall be permitted.
(6) Clearance between sprinklers and ceilings exceeding the maximums specified in this
standard shall be permitted provided that tests or calculations demonstrate
comparable sensitivity and performance of the sprinklers to those installed in
conformance with these sections.

Determination of the Protection Area of Coverage

The protection area of coverage per sprinkler (As) shall be determined as follows:
(1) Along branch lines as follows:
(a) Determine distance between sprinklers (or to wall or obstruction in the case of
the end sprinkler on the branch line) upstream and downstream.
(b) Choose the larger of either twice the distance to the wall or the distance to the
next sprinkler.
(c) This dimension will be defined as S.
(2) Between branch lines as follows:
(a) Determine perpendicular distance to the sprinkler on the adjacent branch line
(or to a wall or obstruction in the case of the last branch line) on each side of
the branch line on which the subject sprinkler is positioned.
(b) Choose the larger of either twice the distance to the wall or obstruction or the
distance to the next sprinkler.
(c) This dimension will be defined as L.
The protection area of coverage of the sprinkler shall be established by
multiplying the S dimension by the L dimension, as follows: As = S × L
Maximum Protection Area of Coverage.

- The maximum allowable protection area of coverage for a sprinkler (As) shall be
in accordance with the value indicated in the section for each type or style of
sprinkler.
- The maximum area of coverage of any sprinkler shall not exceed 400 ft2 (36 m2).

Computation for the Coverage Area of a sprinkler


where: S = distance between sprinkler along a branch line
L = distance between sprinkler with the adjacent branch line

Globe Model GL4910 Sprinkler Head/Nozzle

The selected model for the sprinkler head/nozzle is GL4910 from Globe Fire
Sprinkler Corporation for the whole fire sprinkler system in the building. The Globe
Model GL4910 Pendent Sprinkler has a low profile yet durable design which utilize a
3mm frangible glass ampule as the thermosensitive element. It features economy,
aesthetics and low flow. The combination of the 3mm frangible glass ampule and
specially designed deflector make the GL4910 Sprinkler the ultimate in life safety and
fire control. This Globe Pendent Sprinkler has met the strict requirements of
Underwriters Laboratories Inc. as described in the UL Standard for Sprinklers for Fire
Protection Service, UL 1626, and should be used accordingly. This sprinkler should also
be installed in accordance with the appropriate NFPA Standard 13, 13D or 13R and under
the direction of the approving authorities having jurisdiction. The heart of Globe's Model
GL4910 sprinklers proven actuating assembly is a hermetically sealed frangible glass
ampule that contains a precisely measured amount of fluid. When heat is absorbed, the
liquid within the bulb expands increasing the internal pressure. At the prescribed
temperature the internal pressure within the ampule exceeds the strength of the glass
causing the glass to shatter. This results in water discharge which is distributed in an
approved pattern.

Data Sheet of GL4910

Temperature Rating - 155°F (68°C), 175°F


(79°C)
Water Working Pressure Rating - 175 psi
(12 Bars)
Factory tested hydrostatically to 500 psi (34
Bars)
Maximum low temperature glass bulb rating
is -67°F (-55°C).

Frame – bronze; Deflector – brass; Screw


– brass;
Bulb seat – copper; Spring - nickel alloy;
Seal – Teflon;
Bulb - glass with alcohol based solution,
3mm size;
Escutcheon Assembly – steel
Sprinkler Temperature Rating and Color Coding
Classification
Available Sprinkler NFPA Max.
Bulb Color
Temperatures Ceiling
Temperature
Ordinary 155oF 68oC Red 100oF 38oC
o o o
Intermediate 175 F 79 C Yellow 150 F 66oC

Specifications and Approval


SIN K THREA LENGT 155OF 175OF NYC – DOB
FINISHES cULus
MODEL FACTOR D SIZE H (68OF) (79OF) MEA 101-92-E
Factory Bronze
4.9
Satin Chrome White
Nominal 2 ½” (6.4
GL4910 ½” NPT Polyester Black
(68 cm)
Polyester Lead
metric) X X X X
Coated

Installation Data of GL4910


Maximum Area of Minimum Water Discharge & Pressures Needed Per Sprinkler
Coverage
12’ x 12’ 13 GPM – 7 PSI
14’ x 14’ 14 GPM – 8.2 PSI
16’ x 16’ 14 GPM – 8.2 PSI
18’ x 18’ 18 GPM – 13.5 PSI
20’ x 20’ 20 GPM – 16.7 PSI

AS = 16’ x 16’ = 4.8768 m x 4.8768 m


Approximately, AS = 4.8 m x 4.8 m

Sprinkler Head Design

Since we are given with the maximum area of coverage for a GL4910, which is
4.8 m x 4.8 m, the following outline will be followed.
To accurately spread the spray of water from a sprinkler, the distance between
two sprinklers is 3.8 m. As observed, there is a 1.0 m distance overlap between the areas
of two sprinklers. This is to make sure that the center coverage of one sprinkler can be
covered with the spray of water with the other sprinklers adjacent to it. In addition,
minimum distance shall be maintained between sprinklers to prevent operating sprinklers
from wetting adjacent sprinklers and to prevent skipping of sprinklers. Also, this is to
prevent “cold soldering” situation wherein the spray of the sprinkler cools the fusing
element, preventing or delaying it from properly operating.
Sprinkler Spacing.

Maximum Distance between Sprinklers.


- The maximum distance permitted between sprinklers shall be based on the
centerline distance between sprinklers on the branch line or on adjacent branch lines.
- The maximum distance shall be measured along the slope of the ceiling.
- The maximum distance permitted between sprinklers shall comply with the value
indicated in the applicable section for each type or style of sprinkler.

The maximum distance between sprinkler for the design is 4.8 m.

Minimum Distance between Sprinklers.


- A minimum distance shall be maintained between sprinklers to prevent operating
sprinklers from wetting adjacent sprinklers and to prevent skipping of sprinklers.
- The minimum distance permitted between sprinklers shall comply with the value
indicated in the applicable section for each type or style of sprinkler.

The minimum distance between sprinkler for the design is 3.8 m.

Maximum Distance from Walls.


- The distance from sprinklers to walls shall not exceed one-half of the allowable
maximum distance between sprinklers.
- The distance from the wall to the sprinkler shall be measured perpendicular to the
wall.
The maximum distance from walls for the design is 2.4 m.

Minimum Distance from Walls.


- The minimum distance permitted between a sprinkler and the wall shall comply
with the value indicated in the applicable section for each type or style of sprinkler.
- The distance from the wall to the sprinkler shall be measured perpendicular to the
wall.

The minimum distance from walls for the design is 2.0 m.

Design Layout for the Sprinkler Heads/Nozzles

Basement 3
Basement 2

Basement 1
1st Floor

2nd Floor
3rd Floor

4th Floor
5th Floor

6th Floor
7th Floor

8th Floor
Closer Look at the Layout (with Dimensions)
Distance from the wall and distance between sprinklers

Distance between sprinklers and distance from barriers

Number of sprinkler heads per floor


Basement 3 306
Basement 2 306
Basement 1 185
1st floor 148
2nd floor 177
3rd floor 177
4th floor 150
5th floor 162
6th floor 167
7th floor 160
8th floor 10
TOTAL # of sprinkler heads 1948

Fire Alarm System

The figure below shows the fire alarm protection system and the actual product line to be
utilized. These products comply with the NFPA Standards. Likewise, these are all FM approved
and UL Listed.

D. Fire Alarm Control Panel


Fire Alarm Control Panel: FireLite’s MS9600 DACT UD: Intelligent Addressable
FACP

The Fire•Lite MS-9600 is a compact, cost-effective, intelligent addressable fire


alarm control panel with a capacity of 318 addressable Fire•Lite devices on one Signaling
Line Circuit (SLC) or a total of 636 addressable points with an optional second loop
(SLC-2). A modem (DACT-UD) is available for remote site upload/download and/or
remote monitoring. Each
Signaling Line Circuit (SLC) loop supports up to 159 addressable detectors
including photoelectric, photoelectric with heat, ionization, photoelectric duct, fixed heat,
fixed heat with rate-of-rise, and fixed high-heat detectors. It also supports up to 159
addressable modules including monitor (two-wire detector, normally open devices), dual-
monitor functions (two monitor circuits from one module, two addresses used), control
(for Notification Appliance Circuits), and relay (two Form-C) modules. The panel uses
surface-mount technology and is designed for ease of installation, programming, and
maintenance. It features the latest in advanced fire protection technology, including
maintenance alert and automatic detector test functions.

47 x 39.37 x 11 (Dimension in cm)

Design Features

SLC Loop
• SLC can be configured for NFPA Style 4, 6, or 7 operation.
• SLC supports up to 318 addressable devices per loop (159 detectors and 159 monitor,
control, or relay modules), including the new addressable dual-monitor module, heat
detectors, and duct detector.

Notification Appliance Circuits (NACs)

• Silence Inhibit and Auto Silence timer options


• Continuous, March Time, Temporal or California code for
main circuit board NACs with two-stage capability.
• Selectable strobe synchronization per NAC
Advanced Fire Technology
• Sensitivity testing with printable results, onsite or offsite.
• Automatic drift compensation.
Programming and Software:
• Autoprogram (learn mode) reduces installation time.
• Fully programmable from local keypad, local PS-2 keyboard or PC via PK-Plus
Window utility.
• 99 software zones.
Note: See attached datasheet for more details

E. Heat Detector

Heat Detector: Fire Lite’s H355R(A) Series

The Fire•Lite Alarms H355 Series thermal detectors are addressable sensors that
use a state-of-the-art thermistor sensing circuit for fast response. These sensors are
designed to provide open-area protection and are intended for use with the Fire•Lite’s
addresable Fire Alarm Control Panels (FACPs). These thermal detectors provide cost
effective, addressable property protection in a variety of applications. Two LEDs on each
sensor light to provide a local, visible sensor indication.

Operations
• Factory preset at 135°F (57°C) for the H355R(A)
• Rate-of-rise triggers at 15°F (8.3°C) per minute for the
H355R(A).
• 360°-field viewing angle of the visual alarm indicators (two
bicolor LEDs). LEDs blink green in Normal condition and
turn on steady red in Alarm.
• Visible LEDs “blink” every time the unit is addressed.

Specifications
Diameter: 6.1" (15.5 cm) installed in B350LP(A).
Height: 2.1" (5.33 cm).
Weight: 4.8 oz. (137 g).
Installation temperature: –4°F to 100°F (–20°C to 38°C).
Humidity range: 10% to 93% relative humidity (noncondensing).
Voltage range: 15 to 32 VDC peak.
Standby current: 300 μA @ 24 VDC (one communication every five seconds with LED
blink enabled).
LED current: 6.5 mA @ 24 VDC.
Mounting: B350LP(A) flanged base, included.
Fixed-temperature setpoint: 135°F (57°C) for the and H355R

Heat Detector Spacing

Heat detection devices have an individual coverage of 5.3m radius. However


these radii must overlap to ensure there are no 'blind spots'. Therefore individual
coverage can be represented by a square measuring 7.5m x 7.5m giving an actual
coverage of 56-25m² per device.

Maximum Ceiling Height for Heat Detector is 6 meters which is greater than the actual
ceiling height in any floor in the building.

F. Smoke Detector

Smoke Detector: FireLite’s SD355(A)

The SD355(A) addressable, low-profile plugin photoelectric detectors use a state-


of-the-art photoelectric sensing chamber with communications to provide open area
protection and are used exclusively with Fire•Lite’s Addressable Fire Alarm Control
Panels (FACPs). Since these detectors are addressable, they will help emergency
personnel quickly locate a fire during its early stages, potentially saving precious rescue
time while also reducing property damage. Two LEDs on each sensor light to provide a
local, visible sensor indication.

Operations
Each SD355on the MS-9600 Signaling Line Circuit (SLC). It responds to regular
polls from the system and reports its type and status. The SD355addressable photoelectric
sensor’s unique unipolar chamber responds quickly and uniformly to a broad range of
smoke conditions and can withstand wind gusts up to 4,000 feet-per-minute (20 m/sec.)
without sending an alarm level signal. Because of its unipolar chamber, the SD355is
approximately two times more responsive than most photoelectric sensors. This makes it
a more stable detector.

Specifications
Voltage range: 15 – 32 VDC (peak).
Standby current: 300 μA @ 24 VDC.
LED current: 6.5 mA @ 24 VDC (latched “ON”).
Air velocity: 4,000 ft./min. (20 m/sec.) maximum.
Diameter: 6.1" (15.5 cm) installed in B350LP base.
Height: 2.1" (5.33 cm) installed in B350LP base.
Weight: 3.6 oz. (102 g).
Operating temperature range: for SD355(A): 0°C to 49°C (32°F to 120°F)
Temperature: 0°C – 49°C (32°F – 120°F).
Relative humidity: 10% – 93%, non-condensing.

Smoke Detector Spacing

Smoke detection devices have an individual coverage of 7.5m radius. However,


these radii must overlap to ensure there are no 'blind spots'. Therefore, the individual
coverage can be represented by a square measuring 10.6m x 10.6m giving an actual area
coverage of 112m² per device.

Maximum Ceiling Height for Smoke Detector is 10.5 meters which is greater than the
actual ceiling height in any floor in the building.

G. Pull Station

Pull Station: FireLite’s BG-12LX

The Fire·Lite BG-12LX is a state-of-the-art, dual-action (i.e., requires two


motions to activate the station) pull station that includes an addressable interface
(mounted inside) for Fire·Lite’s addressable fire alarm control panels (FACPs). Because
the BG-12LX is addressable, the control panel can display the exact location of the
activated manual station. This leads fire personnel quickly to the location of the alarm.
Operation
Pushing in, then pulling down on the handle causes it to latch in the
down/activated position. Once latched, the word “ACTIVATED” (in bright yellow)
appears at the top of the handle, while a portion of the handle protrudes from the bottom
of the station. To reset the station, simply unlock the station with the key and pull the
door open. This action resets the handle; closing the door automatically resets the switch.
Each manual station, on command from the control panel, sends data to the panel
representing the state of the manual switch.

Specifications

• Normal operating voltage: 24 VDC.


• Maximum SLC loop voltage: 28.0 VDC.
• Maximum SLC loop current: 230 μA.
• Ambient Temperature: 32°F to 120°F (0°C to 49°C)
• Relative Humidity: 93% ± 2% RH (noncondensing) at 32°C ± 2°C (90°F ± 3°F)

Location

The Pull Station must be positioned 1.4m from floor level in easily accessible, well-
illuminated and conspicuous positions clear of any obstruction.

H. Strobe with horn

Strobe Light with horn: Spectra Alert’s P2R

System Sensor® SpectrAlert® Advance selectable-output horn/strobes are rich


with features guaranteed to cut installation times and maximize profits. The SpectrAlert
Advance series of notification appliances is designed to simplify your installations, with
features such as: plug-in designs, instant feedback messages to ensure correct installation
of individual devices, and eleven field-selectable candela settings for wall and ceiling
strobes and horn/strobes.

Specifications

• Standard operating temperature: 32°F to 120°F (0°C to 49°C).


• K Series operating temperature: –40°F to 151°F (–40°C to 66°C).
• Humidity range: 10% to 93% non-condensing (indoor products).
• Strobe flash rate: 1 flash per second.
• Nominal voltage: regulated 12 VDC/FWR or regulated 24 VDC/FWR
• Operating voltage range: 8 V to 17.5 V (12 V nominal); or 16 V to 33 V (24 V
nominal).
• Input terminal wire gauge: 12 to 18 AWG (3.31 to 0.821 mm²).
• Wall-mount dimensions (including lens): 5.6" H x 4.7" W x 2.5" D (14.2 cm H x 11.9
cm W x 6.4 cm D).

Location

It should be positioned at around 2m from the floor level.

I. Annunciator
Annunciator: FireLite’s LCD-80F

The LCD-80F is a compact, cost-effective, 80-character, backlit LCD remote Fire


Annunciator for use with the Fire•Lite MS-9600 Series Fire Alarm Control Panels
(FACPs). The LCD-80F displays complete system point status information and includes
control switches for remote control of critical system functions.
Operation

The LCD-80F annunciator provides the FACP with point annunciation with full
display text on an 80-character LCD display. The LCD-80F also provides an array of
LEDs to indicate system status, and includes control switches for remote controlof
critical system functions. The LCD-80F provides the FACP with up to 32 remote serially
connected annunciators. All field-wiring terminations on the LCD-80F use removable,
compression-type terminal blocks for ease of wiring and circuit testing.

Location

The annunciator must be positioned 1.4m from floor level in easily accessible, well-
illuminated and conspicuous positions clear of any obstruction.

J. Zoning Module

Zoning Module: FireLite’s MMF-302-6 six Zone interface module

FireLite’s MMF-302-6 six-zone interface module provides an interface between


the intelligent alarm system and a two-wire conventional detection zone. A common SLC
input is used for all modules, and the initiating device circuits share a common external
supervisory supply and ground. Otherwise, each module operates independently from the
others. All two-wire detectors being monitored must be two-wire-compatibility-listed
with the modules. The MMF-302-6 transmits the status of a zone of two-wire detectors to
the fire alarm control panel. Status conditions are reported as normal, open, or alarm. The
interface module supervises the zone of detectors and the connection of the external
power supply.
Specifications

Standby current: 2.0 mA (


Alarm current: 40 mA (assumes all six LEDs solid ON).
Temperature range: 32°F to 120°F (0°C to 49°C).
Humidity: 10% to 85% noncondensing.
Dimensions: 172.72 mm high x 147.32 mm wide x 31.75 mm deep.
Mounting options: BB-2F cabinet, CHS-6 chassis, or BB-6F cabinet.
Wire gauge: 12 AWG (3.1 mm²) to 18 AWG (0.78 mm²).
Maximum SLC wiring resistance: 40 or 50 ohms, panel dependent.

K. Input Module

Input Module: FireLite’s-300-10 ten-input monitor module

The MMF-300-10 ten-input monitor module is an interface between a control


panel and normally open contact devices in intelligent alarm systems such as pull
stations, security contacts, or flow switches. The first address on the MMF-300-10 is set
from 01 to 150 and the remaining modules are automatically assigned to the next nine
higher addresses.
The supervised state (normal, open, or short) of the monitored device is sent back
to the panel. A common SLC input is used for all modules, and the initiating device loops
share a common supervisory supply and ground — otherwise each monitor operates
independently from the others.
Specifications
Standby current: 3.5 mA
Alarm current: 55 mA (assumes all ten LEDs solid ON).
Temperature range: 32°F to 120°F (0°C to 49°C) for UL
applications; –10°C to +55°C for EN54 applications.
Humidity: 10% to 85% noncondensing for UL applications;
10% to 93% noncondensing for EN54 applications.
Dimensions: 172.72 mm high x 147.32 mm
wide x 31.75 mm deep.
Mounting options:
– CHS-6 chassis: Up to 6 modules.
– BB-6F cabinet: Up to 6 modules.
– BB-2F cabinet: One or two modules.
Wire gauge: 12 AWG (3.25 mm²) to 18 AWG (0.9 mm²).
Power-limited circuits must employ type FPL, FPLR, orFPLP cable as required by
Article 760 of the NEC.
Maximum SLC wiring resistance: 40 or 50 ohms, paneldependent.
Maximum IDC wiring resistance: 1500 ohms.
Maximum IDC voltage: 10.2 VDC.
Maximum IDC current: 240 μA.

Wiring Considerations

In this fire alarm protection system, we shall be using a 12 AWG Belden 9583 wire. A metal
conduit will be used for the riser/vertical run and a flexible PVC conduit for the horizontal run.
Design Layout for Fire Alarm System
Wiring Diagrams

Basement 2 & 3
Basement 1

1st floor
2nd floor

3rd floor
4th floor

5th floor
6th floor

7th floor
8th floor /RD
III. Bill of Materials

Equipment / Specifications
Brand / Manuacturer / Quantity Unit
Material (Dimensions, Subtotal
Name / Part no. needed Price
Type etc.)
Fire pump 50 to 1500 US
with its Armstrong/ F4015 gpm, with
1 $30,00
controller and Armstrong Vertical In- pressure boosts $30,000
0
transfer Line Fire Pumps /F4015 from 40 to 135
switch psi
Temperature
Rating - 155°F
(68°C); Water
Globe/Globe Fire
Working
Sprinkler
Fire sprinkler Pressure Rating -
Corporation/Pendent 1948 $12 $23,376
head/nozzle 175 psi (12
Automatic Fire
Bars); Maximum
Sprinkler/ GL4910
low temperature
glass bulb rating
is -67°F (-55°C).
Heat detector FireLite/ Fixed 175 $46.39 $8118.25
Honeywell//Intelligent temperature set
Addressable Thermal point: 135°F
Detectors/ H355(A) (57°C)
Rate of Rise
Detection:
Responds to
greater than 15°F
(8.3°C) per
minute
Smoke FireLite/ Air velocity: 186 $49.53 $9212.58
detector Honeywell//Intelligent 20m/sec
Addressable Photo maximum
Electric Sensors/
SD355(A)
Annunciator FireLite/ Honeywell//80- 14.745 x 10.16 x 10 $313.8 $3131
Character liquid crystal 5.556 (cm) 0
Display Remote Fire
Annunciators / LCD-80F
Pull Station FireLite/ 10.16 x 5.13 25 $68.33 $1708.25
Honeywell/Addressable (cm)
Manual Pull Station /
BG-12LX
Input Module FireLite/ 172.72 x 147.32 10 $78.93 $789.3
Honeywell/Ten-Input x 31.75 (mm)
Monitor Module / MMF-
300-10(A)
Zone Module FireLite/ Honeywell/Six- 172.72 x 147.32 10 $83.99 $839.9
Zone Interface Module / x 31.75 (mm)
MMF-302-6
Strobe/Horn SpectrAlert/ System 142 x 119 x 64 60 $35.15 $2109
Sensor/ Selectable (mm)
Output Horn/Strobes
Fire Control FireLite/ 47.43 x 40.08 x 1 $1070 $1070
Panel Honeywell/Rev.2/DACT 2.74 (cm)
-UD: Intelligent
Addressable FACP /
MS-9600
Flexible Flex Tubes/ Flex Tubes/ Internal 150 $ 2.99 $448.5
Conduit PWR PVC Wire Rein Diameter: 16
Force Flexible Conduit mm
Roll length 30 m
Wire Belden/ Belden/ 12 3.31 mm 15 $62 $ 930
AWG Power-Limited Thin Copper
Fire Protective Signaling Drained wire
Circuit Cables/ 9583 Roll length : 305
m
Total Cost $81,670.
3
References:

 Fire Sprinkler System. Retrieved: 10:05 am June 12, 2009 from: http://en.wikipedia.org/
wiki/ Fire_sprinkler_system#History
 Fire Sprinkler. Retrieved: 4:04 pm August 8, 2009 from: ttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki
/Fire_sprinkler
 NFPA 13: Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems
 NFPA 20: Standard for the Installation of Stationary Fire Pumps for Fire Protection
 Fire Protection by Robert Burke Retrieved: 11:30 am August 8, 2009 from:
http://books.google.com.ph
 Fire Pumps & Fire Pump Rooms Checklist and Comments: ORANGE COUNTY FIRE
RESCUE DEPARTMENT Retrieved: 1:20 pm August 8, 2009 from: http://www.
orangecountyfl.net/NR/rdonlyres/efotw2fw6npsaho6bshpmuey4ob75g7762rjxeap6lstrqz
dl4s3tovn6mzomoqioxizuxoe7croe3gndcj5lhzvmog/FirePumpsandFirePumpRoomCheck
list.pdf
 Globe Fire Sprinkler Corporation. Retrieved: 9:45 am August 8, 2009 from:
http://globesprinkler.com/index.php/globe/about/
 Armstrong Pumps. Retrieved: 2:45 pm August 14, 2009 from: http://www.armstrong
pumps.com/firepump_catalogue.asp?
marketID=01&market_sectionID=01&classID=06&groupid=0
 Fire Alarm Control Panel. Retrieved: 5:05 pm August 13, 2009 from:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fire_alarm_control_panel
 Heat Detector. Retrieved 5:22 pm August 13, 2009 from:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heat_detector
 Smoke Detector: Retrieved 5:32 pm August 13, 2009 from:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smoke_detector
 Fire Alarm annunciator. Retrieved: 7:25 pm August 17, 2009 from:
http://ezinearticles.com/?Fire-Alarm-Annunciator--Helping-You-Get-The-Most-From-
Your-System&id=646675
 Installation Guide. Retrieved: 4:28 pm August 13, 2009 from:
http://www.orbik.co.uk/Fire_installationdesignguide.htm
 Bass Burglar Electronics. Retrieved: 7:15 pm August 17, 2009 from:
http://www.basshome.com/ademco_honeywell_accessories_371_ctg.htm
 Honeywell. Retrieved: 9:25 pm August 17, 2009 from:
http://www.honeywelllifesafety.com/
 Datasheets from Honeywell’s Firelite’s System

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