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The document provides guidance for developers on drainage requirements for new construction projects in Mauritius. It notes that development can increase surface water runoff and affect downstream areas, so drainage systems must be designed to properly control runoff. Developers must study existing drainage patterns and ensure developed areas and surrounding properties are not subjected to flooding or erosion. General design principles are outlined, including utilizing natural streams and designing gravity-fed systems. Basic design parameters are also provided.
The document provides guidance for developers on drainage requirements for new construction projects in Mauritius. It notes that development can increase surface water runoff and affect downstream areas, so drainage systems must be designed to properly control runoff. Developers must study existing drainage patterns and ensure developed areas and surrounding properties are not subjected to flooding or erosion. General design principles are outlined, including utilizing natural streams and designing gravity-fed systems. Basic design parameters are also provided.
The document provides guidance for developers on drainage requirements for new construction projects in Mauritius. It notes that development can increase surface water runoff and affect downstream areas, so drainage systems must be designed to properly control runoff. Developers must study existing drainage patterns and ensure developed areas and surrounding properties are not subjected to flooding or erosion. General design principles are outlined, including utilizing natural streams and designing gravity-fed systems. Basic design parameters are also provided.
A written statement must Consideration of the provision of drainage facilities to
be secured from the local developments will be undertaken by the Ministry of authority stating that they Environment National Development Unit (MoE-NDU) have no objections to the on a case-by-case basis. There are however, general development with respect to requirements and guidance that should be considered the provision of drainage. by prospective developers when preparing development schemes.
Study of the Land Drainage System of the Island of Mauritius
The Ministry of Public Utilities commissioned a study into land drainage issues, which was completed in 2002. The report contains guidance on the control of surface water runoff and suggests how drainage systems should be implemented in development projects. The proposals are recommended for use by developers when planning the layout of proposed developments. Permit applications should include evidence that the drainage system has been designed in accordance with these proposals.
Need for Drainage Provision
O Most new development will change the surface water runoff regime. Changing land use from rural to urban (soft landscape to hard) means an increase in impermeable areas (roofs, drives, roads). Consequently rainwater that falls on the Avoid developing in area will run off quicker than it did previously. depressions and other flood prone areas A small development of a house or two, taken in isolation, may be perceived to have a negligible effect on runoff. However, when several such developments are added together in one area, a significant change in runoff regime O may occur. It is essential that surface water runoff is adequately controlled to ensure that downstream land and settlements are not adversely affected and that soil erosion and subsequent environmental damage does not occur. (Note. potential floodplain This may require both on site and off-site measures to be implemented).
Non permanent spring
O Areas Liable to Flooding Occasional groundwater level Whilst it is recognised that it is not normally practical to design for extreme rainfall events, consideration should be given to Normal groundwater the areas that are liable to flooding during such events. These level areas should be identified as early as possible in the design Avoid developing within areas process and development should be laid out accordingly to liable to flooding or that may minimise any potential damage. become waterlogged during extreme rainfall events
DESIGN GUIDANCE Drainage
Ministry of Housing and Lands, November 2004 TECHNICAL SHEET
Drainage
Appropriate drainage General Approach to be Adopted for Drainage Design
facilities should be provided The developer should properly map the proposed to ensure: development (1:2000 scale) and surrounding area (1:10 000 • The site itself does not scale) to ascertain the extent of all the catchment areas that flood contribute to water flows through and from the development. Such mapping should include all streams and show contours • Other properties are not at: adversely affected by the proposed development • 1m intervals for land with a slope of <5% • Essential groundwater • 5m – 10m intervals for land steeper than 5% recharge potential is not The development proposals need to deal with drainage lost of storm water that flows through the development from • Erosion of ground does surrounding areas and settlements in addition to that which not occur is generated from the development itself. Proposals should also demonstrate that no significant harm will be caused to properties or land downstream as a consequence of the proposed drainage system. Each property within the development should be able to discharge into the drainage system by gravity. The entire surface water drainage of the development should be achieved by gravity. The sub-division of land can involve interference with the natural surface drainage patterns of overland flows and flows through small streams. For small catchment areas, e.g. less than 5 hectares, it may be acceptable to utilise roadside drainage channels to intercept and convey surface water. For larger catchment areas the construction of suitable drains would be very costly and it would be preferable to plan the road network and plot layouts to integrate with the natural streams and watercourses and use these to continue to carry surface water through the development. The attached drawings, which have been developed from those included in the Land Drainage Study report, indicate how a drainage system might be laid out in accordance with the above principles. Property developers should require plot purchasers to: Basic Design Parameters • keep all drainage The following parameters are suggested as general rule-of- channels free of thumb criteria that could be adopted. However the overall structures, trees, drainage system will need to be designed by a qualified vegetation and other engineer. The parameters identified are for guidance: obstructions • Open roadside drains should not exceed 400mm width • maintain access for and 500mm depth maintenance purposes • Larger drains should be covered with suitable provision • ensure that any plot for water to enter and for maintenance access access “bridges” do not impede the performance of the drainage system
DESIGN GUIDANCE Drainage
Ministry of Housing and Lands, November 2004 TECHNICAL SHEET
Drainage
Overall Catchment Plan
Plan the road network and
development layout so that the major natural surface water drainage patterns are maintained Proposed Development Area Within Catchment
Possible Development Layout
Maintaining Main Natural Surface Water Drainage Channel or Route
DESIGN GUIDANCE Drainage
Ministry of Housing and Lands, November 2004 TECHNICAL SHEET
Drainage
• Open drains are unlikely to be able to drain areas
greater than: o 2 ha in flat areas (<1%) o Up to 5ha for steeper areas (up to 6%) • Under design conditions velocities above 0.75m/s must be achieved • Maximum flow rates must not exceed 4m/s
Possible Arrangement of Services
A separate Technical Sheet: Combined Utility Services Summary plans provides indicative groupings for arrangements of the various utilities that generally need to be laid within the road and utility reserve. These drawings are for information only and are not intended to cover every eventuality. They do, however, serve to demonstrate why it is important to consider all the utilities and how they relate to each other when preparing layout plans. It is important to carefully consider the manner in which roadside drains inter-relate with other services, particularly with regard to: • the need for other services to pass under the drains - so deep drains may have a significant effect on how those services are installed • the way drains cross roads (for example at road junctions) Piped drains, for example, may be necessary at some points in order to allow other services to pass under or over the drain rather than channels.