Personal Development

MODULE

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SECTION:___________ CONTACT
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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Guideline in Using the Module …………………………………………………….3

Lesson 1
Knowing & Understanding Oneself………………………………………………..4

Lesson 2
Developing a Whole Person ……………………………………………………….9

Lesson 3
Developmental Stages during Middle & Late Adolescence…………………….14

Lesson 4
The Challenges of Middle & Late Adolescence …………………………………20

Lesson 5
The Powers of the Minds…………………………………………………………...23

Lesson 6
Emotional Intelligence……………………………………………………………….26

Lesson 7
Personal Relationships……………………………………………………………...30

Lesson 8
Social Relationships in Middle & Late Adolescence……………………………..35

Lesson 9
Family Structures and Legacies…………………………………………………....39

Lesson 10
Persons and Careers………………………………………………………………..45

Lesson 11
Insights into One’s Personal Development……………………………………….53

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 Guidelines in Using this Module
Dear SHS Learners,

Welcome to this course, PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT, or PERDEV for short. This is a very interesting
course, and can become the most personally rewarding for you, because the subject matter for this course is
YOU!
As a new senior high school student, you have now entered a new educational level, as well as a new
psychological and social level, called the middle and late adolescence. You may feel that you are no longer
the rapidly growing and awkward teenager, but you also feel you are not quite ready to call yourself a mature
adult either.
This course shall make you take a deeper look at yourself and analyze your developmental changes,
your skills and traits which can help you meet the various tasks that you must undertake at this point in your
life. It shall provide you with some techniques to meet stress and other mental health issues with one’s
strengths and coping powers. The course shall also give you the chance to analyze your relationships with
your family, friends and community. Finally, the PERDEV course shall help you take stock of where you are in
your career development and how to get to where you want to be.

Sincerely Yours,
Personal Development Teacher

Part I: Learning Module Information

This part contains the module overview about the standards that learners must meet. Clearly
shown in this section is the alignment of content standards, performance standards and the most
essential learning competencies. The duration of the lessons and completion of different learning
and assessment task was also provided.

Remember, this module is designed for you to work on your own but that does mean that you
can hop from one lesson topic to another freely. Assess yourself first if you are ready to proceed
to the next lesson/topic or not.

Part 2: Lesson Exploration

This section of the module is where the discussion, lecturette about the lesson is being
presented. It also provides students activities that will help you arrive at the desired understanding of
the concepts.

Part 3: Assessment Task

This is your deliverables as culmination of this module. You are expected to submit outputs here
and demonstrate necessary understanding of the concepts.

Part 4: Internet Links

The links provided here are supplementary to our major references. You may take a look and
peruse these links for more learning experiences.

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 Lesson 1:
Knowing and Understanding Oneself during Middle and
Late Adolescence

Part I. Learning Module Information

The learners demonstrate an understanding of… himself/herself during middle

Content and late adolescence
Standards
Performance The learners shall be able to... conduct self-exploration and simple
Standards disclosure
Most Essential 1. explain that knowing oneself can make a person accept his/her
Learning strengths and limitations and dealing with others better
Competencies
(MELC) 2. Share his/her unique characteristics, habits, and experiences.
Duration Q1 Week 1

Objectives:
At the end of this module, you will be able to:
1. explain that knowing yourself can make you accept your strengths and limitations and dealing with
others better;
2. share your unique characteristics, habits and experiences; and,
3. Start and maintain a journal.

Part II: Learning Explorations

INTRODUCTION TO SELF
 Have you ever been at a noisy gathering—struggling to have a
conversation over music and the chatter of voices—and yet
SELF managed to hear someone at the other end of the room mention your
name? If so, then you have experienced the “cocktail party
effect”—the tendency of people to pick a personally relevant
stimulus, like a name, out of a complex and noisy environment
(Cherry, 1953; Wood & Cowan, 1995). Even infants who are too
UNDERSTANDING SELF young to walk or talk exhibit this tendency (Newman, 2005). To the
COMPONENTS OF SELF cognitive psychologist, this phenomenon shows that human beings
SELF CONCEPT are selective in their attention. To the social psychologist, it also
SELF CONFIDENCE shows that the self is an important object of our own attention.
SELF IMAGE
 The self is first and foremost the collection of beliefs that we hold
about ourselves.
 What are our important characteristics? What are we good at? What
do we do poorly? What kind of situations do we prefer or avoid?

UNDERSTANDING SELF DEFINITION OF UNDERSTANDING SELF

 Self Understanding is the awareness of and ability
to understand one’s own thoughts and actions.
 To attain the insight into your attitudes, motives,
defences, reactions, weaknesses and strengths.
 It is a subjective sense of the self & a complex
mixture of unconscious & conscious thoughts,
attitudes & perceptions.
 Understanding self represents the sum total of
people’s conscious perception of their identity as
distinct from others. It is not a static phenomenon,
but continues to develop & change throughout our
lives. - George Herbert Head
 The understanding self is thinking about what is
involved in being? What distinguish you from being
an object, an animal or different person? - Richard
Stevens

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SELF CONCEPT
 The set of beliefs that we hold about who we are is
called the self concept.
 It can also be defined as the sum total of an
individual’s beliefs about his or her own personal
attributes.
 It is basically the individuals image of the kind of
person he or she is. Especially included in this are
the awareness of being (What I am) and
awareness of function (What I can do).
 Self concept includes not only our perceptions of
what we are but also what we think, we ought to be
and would like to be. This latter component of the
self is called the ideal self. The ideal self represents
the self concept that an individual would ideally want
to posses.
TWO WAYS IN WHICH WE PERCEIVE
OURSELVES
 POSITIVE SELF CONCEPT: People with positive
self concept believe in themselves, are confident
about their ability to deal with problems, make
decisions, feel equal to others, have respect for
themselves and expect it from others. These are
people who are realistic in their assessment of
themselves and can admit to a wide range of
feelings, behaviours and needs.
 NEGATIVE SELF CONCEPT: If people see
themselves as failures and have a negative,
pessimistic image of themselves, they will begin to
act the part. Negative feelings feed on themselves
and become a downward spiral, gradually
encompassing all of the people’s thoughts, actions
and relationships. People with negative self
concepts tend to complain constantly and find it
difficult to accept criticism.

COMPONENETS OF SELF-
CONCEPT
1. Self- 2. Body
esteem Image
Self-
concept
4. Role 3. Personal
performance Identity

Factors Affecting Self-Concept

Factors
across the life
span

Psychological Self Physiological

Factors Concept Factors

Cultural and life

style Factors

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 SELF CONFIDENCE
 A feeling of trust in one's abilities, qualities, and
judgement is self confidence.
 The belief that you can achieve success and
competence. In other words – believing yourself to be
capable.
 Self-confidence might be in reference to specific tasks
or a more wide ranging attitude you hold about your
abilities in life.
 Both self confidence and self esteem relate to your
perception of yourself, the former relates to your
perception of your abilities and the latter relates to your
perception of your worth or value.
 Both concepts are closely related and those with low
self confidence will often have low self esteem and vice
versa
SELF IMAGE
 Self-image is how you perceive yourself.
 It is a number of self-impressions that have built up over
time: What are your hopes and dreams? What do you
think and feel? What have you done throughout your life
and what did you want to do?
 These self-images can be very positive, giving a person
self confidence in their thoughts and actions, or
negative, making a person doubtful of their capabilities
and ideas.
 Surprisingly, your self-image can be very different from
how the world sees you. Some people who outwardly
seem to have it all (intelligence, looks, personal and
financial success) may have a bad self-image.
Conversely, others who have had a very difficult life and
multiple hardships may also have a very positive self-
image.

PERSONAL EFFECTIVENESS

Personal effectiveness means making use of all the personal resources – talents, skills, energy and time, to
enable you to achieve life goals. Your knowledge of yourself and how you manage yourself impacts directly
on your personal effectiveness. Being self-aware, making the most of your strengths, learning new skills and
techniques and behavioral flexibility are all keys to improving your personal performance.
Our personal effectiveness depends on our innate characteristics – talent and experience accumulated in the
process of personal development. Talents first are needed to be identified and then developed to be used in a
particular subject area (science, literature, sports, politics, etc.).
Experience includes knowledge and skills that we acquire in the process of cognitive and practical activities.
Knowledge is required for setting goals, defining an action plan to achieve them and risk assessment.
Skills also determine whether real actions are performed in accordance with the plan. If the same ability is
used many times in the same situation, then it becomes a habit that runs automatically, subconsciously. Here
are some skills that will greatly increase the efficiency of any person who owns them:

1. Determination.
It allows you to focus only on achieving a specific goal without being distracted by less important things or
spontaneous desires. It may be developed with the help of self-discipline exercise.

2. Self-confidence.
It appears in the process of personal development, as a result of getting aware of yourself, your actions and their
consequences. Self- confidence is manifested in speech, appearance, dressing, gait, and physical condition. To
develop it, you need to learn yourself and your capabilities, gain positive attitude and believe that by performing
right actions and achieving right goals you will certainly reach success.

3. Persistence.
It makes you keep moving forward regardless of emerging obstacles – problems, laziness, bad emotional state, etc.
It reduces the costs of overcoming obstacles. It can also be developed with the help of self- discipline exercise.

4. Managing stress.
It helps combat stress that arises in daily life from the environment and other people. Stress arises from the
uncertainty in an unknown situation when a lack of information creates the risk of negative consequences of your
actions. It increases efficiency in the actively changing environment.

5. Problem-solving skills.
They help cope with the problems encountered with a lack of experience. It increases efficiency by adopting new
ways of achieving goals when obtaining a new experience.

6. Creativity.
It allows you to find extraordinary ways to carry out a specific action that no one has tried to use. It can lead to a
decrease or an increase of costs, but usually the speed of action is greatly increased when using creative tools.

7. Generating ideas.

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 It helps you achieve goals using new, original, unconventional ideas. Idea is a mental image of an object formed by
the human mind, which can be changed before being implemented in the real world. For generating ideas you can
use a method of mental maps, which allows you to materialize, visualize and scrutinize all your ideas, which in turn
contributes to the emergence of new ideas. These are just some, but the most important personal effectiveness
skills which make the achievement of any goal easier and less costly.

What did you learn?

1. Why is it important to know oneself? How will it help you in your personal development?
2. What is your understanding of human development based on the discussion in this lesson?

Reflect on this lesson. During our online class, present something interesting about you.

Part III: Assessment Task

Activity # 1: SELF-CONCEPT INVENTORY

Take a look at your own self-concept and answer the following self-concept inventory in your journal. Give
yourself a rating using the scale: 0 = very weak; 1 = weak; 2 = somewhat weak or somewhat strong; 3 =
strong; 4 = very strong
1. I have strong sex appeal.
2. I am proud of my physical figure.
3. I am physically attractive and beautiful/handsome.
4. I exude with charm and poise.
5. I am easy to get along with.
6. I can adjust to different people and different situations.
7. I am approachable; other people are at ease and comfortable with me.
8. I am lovable and easy to love.
9. I am a fast learner, can understand with one instruction.
10. I am intelligent.
11. I have special talents and abilities.
12. I can easily analyze situations and make right judgments.
13. I can be trusted in any transaction.
14. I have a clear conscience and carry no guilty feeling.
15. I have integrity and good reputation.
16. My friends and classmates can look up to me as a model worth emulating.
17. I can express my ideas without difficulty.
18. I talk in a persuasive manner that I can easily get people to accept what I
say.
19. I can express my ideas in writing without difficulty.
20. I am a good listener.
21. I am emotionally stable and not easily rattled when faced with trouble.
22. I am logical and rational in my outlook and decisions.
23. I feel and act with confidence.
24. I am a mature person.

Scoring: Copy this table in your journal. Write your score opposite each number and
get the subtotal.

Physical appeal Human Relations Intelligence

1 5 9
2 6 10
3 7 11
4 8 12
Subtotal: Subtotal: Subtotal:
Character Communications Maturity
13 17 21
14 18 22
15 19 23
16 20 24
Subtotal: Subtotal: Subtotal:
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 How do you perceive yourself?
Look at the results of your self-concept inventory and answer the following
questions.
1. In what areas do you consider yourself strong (with score 14-16 or
somewhat weak (score of 10-13) and very weak (below10).
2. Are there qualities you consider as your weakness but other people consider
as your strength? What are these? Check with a partner.
Example: A lady can say “I`m ugly” yet other consider her very charming. Or
conversely, one can have the illusion of saying “I am very intelligent or competent”
when most of his ideas sound unreasonable or illogical to most of the people.
There is indeed a big difference between what you see in yourself (real self-image)
and what is projected in the eyes of the others (your social image).
3. How realistic is your self-image?
4. To what extent does it reflect your real self?

Activity #2: MY BANNER – THE TREASURE WITHIN ME

In the spaces indicated by numbers, write down the following:

1 and 2 two things I do very well

3 and 4 my two greatest achievements in life
5 what in myself am I proudest of
6 my happiest moment
7 positive words that my friends use to describe me
8 a personal goal that I have already achieved
9 three blessings for which I am most thankful to God
10 three of my positive qualities
11 difficulties, challenges and problems that I was able to solve
and overcome

Part IV: Internet Links

http://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-self-concept-in-psychology-definition- lesson-quiz.html
http://study.com/academy/lesson/ideal-self-vs-real-self-definition-lesson-quiz.html

http://www.chrysalisdevelopment.com/page6/page4/page4.html http://www.learning-mind.com/7-basic-
personal-effectiveness-skills/

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Roldan, Amelia S. (2003). On Becoming a Winner: A Workbook on Personality Development and Character
Building. AR Skills Development and Management Services (SDMS), Paranaque City, Metro Manila.

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