Names of God in Islam

In Islam, God is believed to have 99 Names, known as the 99 Names of God, ʾasmāʾu llāhi l-ḥusnā (Arabic: ‫​أسماء اهلل الحسنى‬, Beautiful Names of God).

There is no universal agreement among Muslims as to what exactly counts as a name of God, and what does not. Additionally, while some names are only in
the Quran, and others are only in the hadith, there are some names which appear in both. Different sources give different lists of the 99 names.[1]

The following list is based on the one found in the 9th century. Other hadith, such as those of al-Bukhari, Sahih Muslim, Ibn Majah, al-Hakim al-Tirmidhi or
Ibn ʿAsākir, have variant lists.

Al-Tirmidhi comments on his list: "This (version of the) hadith is gharib [unusual, scarce]; it has been narrated from various routes on the authority of Abu
Hurairah, but we do not know of the mention of the Names in the numerous narrations, except this one."

Various early Muslim exegetes, including Jaʿfar al-Sadiq, Sufyan ibn `Uyaynah, Ibn Hazm, al-Qurtubi, Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani, have given their own versions of
lists of 99 names.[2]

Contents
Theophoric given names
List
Hadith
Islamic mysticism
Use in Bahá'í sources
See also
References
External links

Theophoric given names

The Arabic names of God are used to form theophoric given names commonly used in Muslim cultures throughout the world, including non-Arabic speaking
societies.

Because the names of God themselves are reserved to God and their use as a person's given name is considered religiously inappropriate, theophoric names
are formed by prefixing the term ˁabd (‫ َعبْ ُد‬: "slave/servant of") to the name in the case of male names; in the case of female names, the prefix amat is used in
place of ˁabd.[3]

This distinction is established out of respect for the sanctity of Divine names, which denote attributes (of love, kindness, mercy, compassion, justice, power,
etc.) that are believed to be possessed in a full and absolute sense only by God, while human beings, being limited creatures, are viewed by Muslims as being
endowed with the Divine attributes only in a limited and relative capacity. The prefixing of the definite article would indicate that the bearer possesses the
corresponding attribute in an exclusive sense, a trait reserved to God.

Quranic verse 3:26 is cited as evidence against the validity of using Divine names for persons, with the example of Mālik ul-Mulk (‫ َمـٰلِ ُك ْٱمل ُ ْل ُك‬: "Lord of Power" or
"Owner of all Sovereignty"):

Say: "O God! Lord of Power, You give power to whom You please, and You strip off power from whom You please. You endue with honour whom
You please, and You bring low whom You please. In Your hand is all Good." Verily, over all things You have power.

— Quran 3:26

The two parts of the name starting with ˁabd may be written separately (as in the previous example) or combined as one in the transliterated form; in such a
case, the vowel transcribed after ˁabdu is often written as u when the two words are transcribed as one: e.g., Abdur-Rahman, Abdul-Aziz, Abdul-Jabbar, or
even Abdullah (ّٰ‫ َعبْ ُد ٱهلل‬: "Servant of God"). (This has to do with Arabic case vowels, the final u vowel showing the normal "quote" nominative case form.)

Examples of Muslim theophoric names include:

Rahmān, such as Abdul Rahman Al-Sudais (‫س َديْس‬ ُّ ‫) َعبْ ُد ٱ ْل َّر ْح َمان ٱ ْل‬: Imam of the Grand Mosque of Makkah, KSA
Salām, such as Salam Fayyad (‫)س َالم َفيَّاض‬:
َ Palestinian politician
Jabbār, such as Kareem Abdul-Jabbar (‫) َك ِريم َعبْ ُد ٱ ْل َجبَّار‬: American basketball player
Hakīm, such as Sherman "Abdul Hakim" Jackson (‫— َعبْ ُد ٱ ْل َح ِكيم‬ˁabdu ʼl-Ḥakiym): American Islamic Studies scholar
Ra'ūf, such as Ra'ouf Mus'ad (‫سعد‬َ ‫)رؤُوف ُم‬:
َ Egyptian-Sudanese novelist
Mālik, such as Mālik bin ʼAnas (‫) َمـٰالِك ِبن أَنَس‬: classical Sunni Muslim scholars after whom the Maliki school of fiqh was named
Abdul Muqtedar as in Muhammad Abdul Muqtedar Khan (‫خان‬ َ ‫) ُم َح َّمد َعبْ ُد ٱمل ُ ْقت َ ِدر‬: Indian-American academic

List
Classical Arabic Modern Standard Arabic
(MSA) Romanization
(Quranic/ classical gramma
(Variant with vowels/ Transliteration
[Various Spellings] Translationa Reference
type
written forms) [4] without vowels)
 Quran:
\* ‫ال ّرحمـٰن‬ Beginning of
every Surah
(chapter)
\* ‫ٱ ْل َّرحْ مَ ـٰ ُن‬ \ ‫ال ّرحمان‬ except one,
and
ُ ‫ٱ ْل َّرحْ مَ ـا‬
‫ن‬ \* ‫الرحمـٰن‬ ar-Raḥmān
The ِBeneficient/ All- numerous
1 ar-Raḥmān/ ar-Raḥmān Compassionate/ Most other places. D
[Ar-Rahmaan] The first
[* = classical written ‫الرحمان‬ Gracious/
verse ('ayat)
form] of Surah ar-
[* = classical written Rahman
(Surah 55)
form] consists only
of this
Name.

Quran:
Beginning of
every Surah
(chapter)
\ ‫ال ّرحيم‬ ar-Raḥiym/ ar-Raḥīm except one,
The Most Merciful/ Ever-
2 ِ ‫ٱ ْل َّر‬
‫حيْ ُم‬ Merciful/ Merciful/ Most
and
D
‫الرحيم‬ ar-Raḥīm [Ar-Raheem] numerous
Clement
other places
(there are a
total of 114
Surahs in
the Quran.)

The King/ Lord/ Sovereign/

ُ ِ‫ٱملَـٰل‬
\* ‫ك‬ ْ \* ‫املـٰلك‬ Dominion/ Master 59:23 (http://
quran.com/5
ُ ِ‫ٱملَـال‬
‫ك‬ ْ ‫املالك‬ al-Mālik/ al-Mālik [also means "the God/ 9/23), 20:114
Lord, the One and (http://quran.
3 D
al-Mālik [al-Maalik] com/20/114),
[* = classical written [* = classical written Only", "Possessor of 23:116 (http:/
form] form] Supreme Power or /quran.com/2
Authority"] 3/116)

al-Quddus
\ ‫القدّوس‬ al-Quddūs/ 59:23 (http://
[al-Quddous, quran.com/5
The Holy/ All-Holy/ All-
4 ُ ‫ٱ ْل ُقد‬
‫ُّوس‬
al-Quddūs 9/23), 62:1 ( D
‫القدوس‬ Pure/ Sacred/ All-Sacred
http://quran.
al-Quddoos] com/62/1)

\* ‫السلـٰم‬
ّ

\* ‫س َلـٰ ُم‬
َّ ‫ٱ ْل‬ \ ‫السالم‬
ّ

َّ ‫ٱ ْل‬
‫س َال ُم‬ \* ‫السلـٰم‬
as-Salām/ As-Salām
The Giver of Peace/ Peace/
59:23 (http://
5 quran.com/5 D
as-Salām [As-Salaam] All-Calm/ Ever-Tranquil
9/23)
[* = classical written ‫السالم‬
form]
[* = classical written
form]

al-Muʿumin/ The Granter of Security/

59:23 (http://
6 ‫ٱملُؤ ِْم ُن‬
ْ ‫املؤمن‬ al-Muʿmin
the Giver/ Faith/ Supreme
quran.com/5 D
al-Muʿmin Believer (of Belief)/ Giver of
9/23)
Belief/ All-Assurer

The Controller/ Absolute

Authority Over All/ 59:23 (http://
7 ‫ٱمل ُ َهي ِْم ُن‬
ْ ‫املهيمن‬ al-Muhaymin al-Muhaymin Guardian Over All/ quran.com/5 D
Absolute Master/ Eternal 9/23)
Dominating

3:6 (http://qu
ran.com/3/6),
4:158 (http://
quran.com/4/
al-ʿAziyz/ 158), 9:40 (h
al-ʿAzīz The Exalted in Might and
ُ‫ٱ ْل َع ِزيز‬ ttp://quran.c
8 ‫العزيز‬ Power/ Exalted/ Powerful/ D
al-ʿAzīz om/9/40),
[al-Azeez] Almighty/ Mighty
48:7 (http://q
uran.com/48/
7), 59:23 (htt
p://quran.co
m/59/23)

\ ‫الجبّار‬ al-Jabbār/ al-Jabbar

The Omnipotent/ Supreme 59:23 (http://
9 ‫ٱ ْلجَ بَّا ُر‬ Power/ Possessor of quran.com/5 D
‫الجبار‬ al-Jabbār [al-Jabbaar] Having All Power/ Strong 9/23)

\ ‫املتكبّر‬
The Possessor of 59:23 (http://
D
10 ‫ٱملُتَ َكبِّ ُر‬
ْ al-Mutakabbir al-Mutakabbir Greatness/ Supreme/ quran.com/5
‫املتكبر‬ Justly Proud 9/23)
muta

6:102 (http://
quran.com/6/
102), 13:16 (
\* ُ‫خـٰلِق‬
َ ‫ٱ ْل‬ \* ‫الخـٰلق‬ http://quran.
com/13/16),[5]
 ُ‫خالِق‬
َ ‫ٱ ْل‬ ‫الخالق‬ al-Khāliq/ al-Khaliq
The Creator/ Creator of the
36:81 (http://
quran.com/3
11 Universe/ Maker/ True 6/81), 39:62 D
al-Khāliq [al-Khaaliq]
[* = classical written [* = classical written Originator/ Absolute Author (http://quran.
form] form] com/39/62),
40:62 (http://
quran.com/4
0/62), 59:24
(http://quran.
com/59/24)

al-Bāriʿ/ al-Bariʿ The Initiator/ Evolver/

Eternal Spirit Worshipped 59:24 (http://
12 ُ ‫ٱ ْلبَا ِرئ‬ ‫البارئ‬ By All, Have Absolute quran.com/5 D
al-Bāriʿ [al-Baari’/ al-Baarie] Power Over All Matters, 9/24)
Nature and Events

al-Musawwir
\ ‫املصوّر‬
[al-Mussawwir/ 59:24 (http://
The Fashioner/ Shaper/
13 َ ُ ‫ٱمل‬
‫صوِّ ُر‬ ْ al-Muṣawwir quran.com/5 D
‫املصور‬ Designer/ Artist
9/24)
al-Muswawwir]

\* ‫الغفّـٰر‬ 20:82 (http://

quran.com/2
\* ‫غفَّـٰ ُر‬
َ ‫ٱ ْل‬ \ ‫الغفّار‬ The Repeatedly Forgiving/
0/82), 38:66
(http://quran.
Absolute Forgiver/ com/38/66),
‫غفَّا ُر‬
َ ‫ٱ ْل‬ \* ‫الغفـٰر‬ al-Ghaffār/ al-Ghaffar Pardoner/ Condoner 39:5 (http://q
14 uran.com/39/ D
al-Ghaffār [al-Ghaffaar] [He Who is Ready to
[* = classical written ‫الغفار‬ 5), 40:42 (htt
Pardon and Forgive] p://quran.co
form] m/40/42),
[* = classical written 71:10 (http://
form] quran.com/7
1/10)

12:39 (http://
\* ‫الق ّهـٰر‬ quran.com/1
2/39), 13:16
\* ‫ٱ ْل َق َّهـٰ ُر‬ \ ‫القهّار‬ The Subduer/ Overcomer/ (http://quran.
Conqueror/ Absolute com/13/16),
Vanquisher 14:48 (http://
‫ٱ ْل َقهَّا ُر‬ \* ‫القهـٰر‬ al-Qahhār/ al-Qahhar
quran.com/1
15 [Possessor of Who 4/48), 38:65 D
al-Qahhār [al-Qahhaar]
[* = classical written ‫القهار‬ Subdues Evil and (http://quran.
com/38/65),
form] Oppression] 39:4 (http://q
[* = classical written uran.com/39/
form] 4), 40:16 (htt
p://quran.co
m/40/16)

\ ‫الوهّاب‬ al-Wahhāb/ al-Wahhab 38:9 (http://q

The Absolute Bestower/ uran.com/38/
16 ُ ‫ٱ ْلوَه‬
‫َّاب‬ al-Wahhāb [al-Wahhaab] Giver/ Grantor/ Great 9), 38:35 (htt D
‫الوهاب‬ Donor p://quran.co
m/38/35)

\ ‫ال ّرزّاق‬ ar-Razzāq/ Ar-Razzaq

The Provider/ Sustainer/ 51:58 (http://
17 ُ ‫ٱ ْل َّرزَّا‬
‫ق‬ ar-Razzāq [Ar-Razzaaq] Bestower of Sustenance/ quran.com/5 D
‫الرزاق‬ All-Provider 1/58)

\ ‫الفتّاح‬ al-Fattāḥ/ al-Fattah

The Opener/ Opener of the 34:26 (http://
18 ُ‫ٱ ْلفَتَّاح‬ Gates of Profits/ Reliever/ quran.com/3 D
‫الفتاح‬ al-Fattāḥ [al-Fattaah] 4/26)
The Victory Giver

2:158 (http://
quran.com/2/
158), 3:92 (h
ttp://quran.c
al-Aliym/ al-Alim The Knowing/ All-Knower/ om/3/92),
Omniscient/ All- 4:35 (http://q
19 ‫ٱ ْلعَلِي ُم‬ ‫العليم‬ al-Alīm [al-Aleem] Knowledgeable/ Possessor uran.com/4/3 D
of Knowing Much of Ever 5), 24:41 (htt
Thing/ All-Knowing p://quran.co
m/24/41),
33:40 (http://
quran.com/3
3/40)

al-Qabid/ al-Qabidh
al-Qābiḍ/
[al-Qaabid/ The Restrainer/ Withholder/ 2:245 (http://
20 ُ ‫ٱ ْل َقا ِب‬
‫ض‬ ‫القابض‬ Straightener/ Absolute quran.com/2/ V
al-Qābiḍ Seizer 245)
al-Qaabidh]

al-Bāsiṭ/ al-Basit/ al-Basitt

2:245 (http://
21 ِ ‫ٱ ْلب‬
ُ ‫َاس‬
‫ط‬ ‫الباسط‬ The Extender/ Expander/
quran.com/2/ V
al-Bāsiṭ [al-Baasit/ al-Baasitt] Generous Provider
245)

al-Khafid/ al-Khafidh
al-Khāfiḍ/ 56:3 (http://q
[al-Khaafid/ The Abaser/ Humiliator/
uran.com/56/
22 ‫ض‬ ِ ‫خ‬
ُ ‫اف‬ َ ‫ٱ ْل‬ ‫الخافض‬ Downgrader [Possessor of
3); al- O
al-Khāfiḍ Giving Comfort, Free from
Kafʿamī
 al-Khaafidh] Pain Anxiety or Troubles] (1992:38)

\ ‫ال ّرافع‬ ar-Rāfiʿ/ Ar-Rafiʿ/ Ar-Rafee 58:11 (http://

quran.com/5
23 ِ ‫ٱ ْل َّر‬
ُ‫افع‬ The Exalter/ Upgrader [of
8/11), 6:83 ( V
‫ال ّرافع‬ ar-Rāfiʿ [Ar-Raafiʿ/ Ar-Raafee] Ranks]
http://quran.
com/6/83)

\ ّ‫املعز‬ al-Muʿizz
The Giver of Honor/ 3:26 (http://q
24 ‫ٱمل ُ ِع ُّز‬
ْ al-Muʿizz Bestower of Honor/ uran.com/3/2 V
‫املعز‬ [al-Muʿeizz] Empowerer 6)

ّ
\ ‫املذل‬ al-Muzill
3:26 (http://q
The Giver of Dishonor/ the
25 ‫ٱمل ُ ِذ ُّل‬
ْ al-Muḏill/al-Mudhill
[al-Mudzhill] uran.com/3/2 V
‫املذل‬ Giver of Disgrace
6)

2:127 (http://
quran.com/2/
127), 2:256 (
\ ‫السميع‬
ّ As-Samiʿ/ As-Samie http://quran.
26 ُ‫س ِميع‬
َّ ‫ٱ ْل‬ as-Samiyʿ/as-Samīʿ
The Hearing/ All-Hearing/ com/2/256),
D
‫السميع‬ [As-Sameeʿ] Hearer of Invocation 8:17 (http://q
uran.com/8/1
7), 49:1 (http
://quran.com/
49/1)

4:58 (http://q
uran.com/4/5
al-Basir/ al-Bassir/ 8), 17:1 (http
://quran.com/
The All-Seeing/ All-Seer/
27 ِ ‫ٱ ْلب‬
‫َصي ُر‬ ‫البصير‬ al-Baṣīr/al-Baṣīr al-Baswir [al-Baseer/ al- Ever-Clairvoyant/ Clear-
17/1), 42:11
D
(http://quran.
Basseer/ al-Basweer] Sighted/ Clear-Seeing
com/42/11),
42:27 (http://
quran.com/4
2/27)

The Judge/ Arbitrator/

22:69 (http://
Arbiter/ All-Decree/
28 ‫ٱ ْلحَ َك ُم‬ ‫الحكم‬ al-Ḥakam al-Hakam
Possessor of Authority of
quran.com/2 V
2/69)
Decisions and Judgment

Not Quranic,
The Just/ Authorized and
see al-
29 ‫ٱ ْل َعد ُْل‬ ‫العدل‬ al-ʿAdl al-ʿAdl/ al-Edl Straightforward Judge of
Kafʿamī
Dealing Justly
(1992:40)

22:63 (http://
al-Latif / al-Lattif/ quran.com/2
\ ‫ال ّلطيف‬ al-Laṭiyf/ 2/63), 31:16
30 ِ ‫ٱ ْل َّل‬
ُ‫طيف‬ al-Latwif [al-Lateef/ al- The Gentle/ Benignant/ (http://quran.
D
‫اللطيف‬ al-Laṭīf Subtly Kind/ All-Subtle com/31/16),
Latteef/ al-Latweef] 33:34 (http://
quran.com/3
3/34)

6:18 (http://q
uran.com/6/1
8), 17:30 (htt
al-Khabiyr/ al-Khabir p://quran.co
َ ‫ٱ ْل‬ The All-Aware/ Well- m/17/30),
31 ‫خ ِبي ُر‬ ‫الخبير‬ al-Khabīr [al-Khabeer] Acquainted/ Ever-Adept 49:13 (http://
D
quran.com/4
9/13), 59:18
(http://quran.
com/59/18)

2:235 (http://
quran.com/2/
235), 17:44 (
al-Ḥaliym/ al-Halim http://quran.
The Forbearing/ Indulgent/
32 ‫ٱ ْلحَ لِي ُم‬ ‫الحليم‬ al-Ḥalīm [al-Haleem] Oft Forbearing/ All-
com/17/44),
22:59 (http://
A
Enduring
quran.com/2
2/59), 35:41
(http://quran.
com/35/41)

al-ʿAzim, al-ʿAzzim, al-ʿAzwim/

al-Ezim,
2:255 (http://
quran.com/2/
al-ʿAẓiym/ al-Ezzim, al-Ezwim [al- The Most Great/ Ever- 255), 42:4 (h
ِ ‫ٱ ْلع‬ ʿAzzeem, al-ʿAzweem/ Magnificent/ Most ttp://quran.c
33 ‫َظي ُم‬ ‫العظيم‬ al-ʿAẓīm Supreme/ Exalted/ om/42/4),
D
al-Ezzeem, Absolute Dignified 56:96 (http://
quran.com/5
6/96)
al-Ezweem]

2:173 (http://
quran.com/2/
173), 8:69 (h
al-Ghafūr/ al-Ghafur ttp://quran.c
om/8/69),
The Ever-Forgiving/ Oft-
34 ‫غفُو ُر‬
َ ‫ٱ ْل‬ ‫الغفور‬ 16:110 (http:/ D
al-Ghafūr [al-Ghafour, al-Ghafoor] Forgiving
/quran.com/1
6/110), 41:32
(http://quran.
 com/41/32)

35:30 (http://
quran.com/3
ash-Shakur 5/30), 35:34
ّ
\ ‫الشكور‬ ash-Shakūr/ (http://quran.
The Grateful/ Appreciative/ com/35/34),
35 ‫ش ُكو ُر‬
َّ ‫ٱ ْل‬
ash-Shakūr
[Ash-Shakour, Ash- A
‫الشكور‬ Shakoor]
Multiplier of Rewards 42:23 (http://
quran.com/4
2/23), 64:17
(http://quran.
com/64/17)

\* ّ‫العلى‬ 4:34 (http://q

uran.com/4/3
\ ّ‫العلي‬ al-ʿAlī */ 4), 31:30 (htt
p://quran.co
ُّ‫ٱ ْلعَلِىُّ *\ ٱ ْلعَلِي‬ m/31/30),
al-Ali
\* ‫العلى‬ al-ʿAliyy The Sublime/ Ever-Exalted/ 42:4 (http://q
36 [* = classical written [al-Aliyy] Supreme/ Most High/ Most uran.com/42/ D
form] ‫العلي‬ [* = classical written Lofty 4), 42:51 (htt
p://quran.co
form] m/42/51)
[* = classical written 34:23 (http://
form] quran.com/3
4/23)

13:9 (http://q
uran.com/13/
9), 22:62 (htt
al-Kabiyr/ al-Kabir The Great/ Ever-Great/ p://quran.co
Grand/ Most Great/ Greatly m/22/62),
37 ‫ٱ ْل َك ِبي ُر‬ ‫الكبير‬ D
al-Kabīr [al-Kabeer] Abundant of Extent, 31:30 (http://
Capacity and Importance quran.com/3
1/30), 34:23
(http://quran.
com/34/23)

11:57 (http://
quran.com/1
al-Ḥafiyẓ/ al-Hafiz The Preserver/ Ever- 1/57), 34:21
ُ ‫ٱ ْلحَ ِفي‬ Preserving/ All-Watching/ (http://quran.
38 ‫ظ‬ ‫الحفيظ‬ al-Ḥafīẓ [al-Hafeez] Protector/ Guardian/ Oft- com/34/21),
A
Conservator 42:6 (http://q
uran.com/42/
6)

al-Muqiyt/ al-Muqit
4:85 (http://q
39 ُ‫ٱمل ُ ِقيت‬
ْ ‫املقيت‬ The Nourisher/ Feeder uran.com/4/8 I
al-Muqīt [al-Muqeet] 5)

4:6 (http://qu
al-Ḥasiyb/ al-Hasib ran.com/4/6),
The Bringer of Judgment/
4:86 (http://q
ِ َ‫ٱ ْلح‬ Ever-Reckoner [the One
40 ‫يب‬
ُ ‫س‬ ‫الحسيب‬ al-Ḥasīb [al-Haseeb] Who Takes Account of All
uran.com/4/8 I
6), 33:39 (htt
Matters]
p://quran.co
m/33/39)

al-Jaliyl/ al-Jalil 55:27 (http://

quran.com/5
41 ُ ِ‫ٱ ْلجَ ل‬
‫يل‬ ‫الجليل‬ The Majestic/ Exalted/ Oft-
5/27), 7:143 A,
al-Jalīl [al-Jaleel] Important/ Splendid
(http://quran.
com/7/143)

al-Kariym/ al-Karim 27:40 (http://

The Noble/ Bountiful/ quran.com/2
42 ‫ٱ ْل َك ِري ُم‬ ‫الكريم‬ al-Karīm [al-Kareem] Generous/ Precious/ 7/40), 82:6 ( D
Honored/ Benefactor http://quran.
com/82/6)

\ ‫ال ّرقيب‬ ar-Raqiyb/ Ar-Raqib 4:1 (http://qu

ran.com/4/1),
The Watchful/ Observer/
43 ُ ‫ٱ ْل َّر ِق‬
‫يب‬ ar-Raqīb [Ar-Raqeeb] 5:117 (http:// D
‫الرقيب‬ Ever-Watchful/ Watcher
quran.com/5/
117)

al-Mujiyb/ al-Mujib
The Responsive/ Answerer/ 11:61 (http://
44 ‫يب‬
ُ ‫ج‬ِ ُ ‫ٱمل‬
ْ ‫املجيب‬ Supreme Answerer/ quran.com/1 A
al-Mujīb [al-Mujiyb] Accepter of Invocation 1/61)

ِ َ‫ٱ ْلو‬
\* ُ‫ٰسع‬ \* ‫الوٰسع‬ 2:268 (http://
quran.com/2/
ِ ‫ٱ ْلو‬
ُ‫َاسع‬ ‫الواسع‬ ’al-Wāsi‘/ al-Wasi‘/ al-Wasie
The Vast/ All-Embracing/
268), 3:73 (h
ttp://quran.c
45 Omnipresent/ Boundless/ A
’al-Wāsi‘ [al-Waasi‘/ al-Waasie] All-Encompassing
om/3/73),
[* = classical written [* = classical written 5:54 (http://q
form] form] uran.com/5/5
4)

31:27 (http://
quran.com/3
1/27), 46:2 (
al-Ḥakiym/ al-Hakim http://quran.
The Wise/ Ever-Wise/
‫ٱ ْلحَ ِكي ُم‬
com/46/2),
46 ‫الحكيم‬ al-Ḥakīm [al-Hakeem] Endowed with Sound
57:1 (http://q
D
Judgment
uran.com/57/
1), 66:2 (http
://quran.com/
66/2)
 al-Wadūd/ al-Wadud The Affectionate/ Ever- 11:90 (http://
Affectionate/ Loving One/ quran.com/1
47 ‫ٱ ْلوَدُو ُد‬ ‫الودود‬ al-Wadūd [al-Wadoud/ al-Wadood] Loving/ the Lover/ the One 1/90), 85:14 D
Who Tenders and Warm (http://quran.
Hearts com/85/14)

The All-Glorious/ Majestic/

Ever-Illustrious
al-Majiyd/ al-Majid
11:73 (http://
48 ِ َ ‫ٱمل‬
‫جي ُد‬ ْ ‫املجيد‬ [Oft-Brilliant in Dignity, quran.com/1 A
al-Majīd [al-Majeed] Achievements or 1/73)
Actions]

al-Bāʿith/ al-Baʿith / al-Baʿeith

The Resurrector/ 22:7 (http://q
49 ‫ث‬ ِ ‫ٱ ْلب‬
ُ ‫َاع‬ ‫الباعث‬ Awakener/ Arouser/ uran.com/22/ V
al-Bāʿith [al-Baaʿith/ al-Baaʿeith] Dispatcher 7)

4:166 (http://
quran.com/4/
166), 22:17 (
ّ
\ ‫الشهيد‬ ash-Shahiyd/ ash-Shahid http://quran.
َّ ‫ٱ ْل‬ The Witness/ Testifier/ com/22/17),
50 ‫ش ِهي ُد‬ A
‫الشهيد‬ ash-Shahīd [Ash-Shaheed] Ever-Witnessing 41:53 (http://
quran.com/4
1/53), 48:28
(http://quran.
com/48/28)

6:62 (http://q
uran.com/6/6
2), 22:6 (http
\ ّ‫الحق‬ ://quran.com/
The Truth/ Reality/ the Only
22/6), 23:116
51 ُّ َ‫ٱ ْلح‬
‫ق‬ ʾal-Ḥaqq al-Haqq One Certainly Sound and D
‫الحق‬ Genuine in Truth
(http://quran.
com/23/116),
24:25 (http://
quran.com/2
4/25)

3:173 (http://
quran.com/3/
173), 4:171 (
al-Wakiyl/ al-Wakil http://quran.
52 ُ ‫ٱ ْلو َِك‬
‫يل‬ ‫الوكيل‬ The Trustee, The com/4/171),
A
al-Wakīl [al-Wakeel] Dependable, The Advocate 28:28 (http://
quran.com/2
8/28), 73:9 (
http://quran.
com/73/9)

22:40 (http://
quran.com/2
2/40), 22:74
\ ‫القوي‬
ّ al-Qawi (http://quran.
com/22/74),
53 ُّ ‫ٱ ْل َقو‬
‫ِي‬ al-Qawiyy
[al-Qawee] The Strong D
‫القوي‬ 42:19 (http://
quran.com/4
2/19), 57:25
(http://quran.
com/57/25)

al-Matiyn/ al-Matin
51:58 (http://
54 ُ ‫ٱمل َ ِت‬
‫ني‬ ْ ‫املتني‬ The Firm, The Steadfast quran.com/5 D
al-Matīn [al-Mateen] 1/58)

4:45 (http://q
uran.com/4/4
5), 7:196 (htt
\ ّ‫الولي‬ al-Wali p://quran.co
m/7/196),
55 ُّ‫ٱ ْلوَلِي‬ al-Waliyy
[al-Walee] The Friend, Helper D
‫الولي‬ 42:28 (http://
quran.com/4
2/28), 45:19
(http://quran.
com/45/19)

14:8 (http://q
uran.com/14/
8), 31:12 (htt
al-Ḥamiyd/ al-Hamid p://quran.co
56 ‫ٱ ْلحَ ِمي ُد‬ ‫الحميد‬ The All Praiseworthy
m/31/12),
D
al-Ḥamīd [al-Hameed] 31:26 (http://
quran.com/3
1/26), 41:42
(http://quran.
com/41/42)

ِ ْ‫ٱملُح‬
\* ُ‫صى‬ ْ \* ‫املحصى‬
72:28 (http://
ِ ْ‫ٱملُح‬
ُ‫صي‬ ْ ‫املحصي‬ al-Muḥṣiy/ al-Muhsi
quran.com/7
The Accounter, The
57 2/28), 78:29 V
al-Muḥṣī [al-Muhsee] Numberer of All
(http://quran.
[* = classical written [* = classical written com/78/29)
form] form]

10:34 (http://
quran.com/1
0/34), 27:64
’al-Mubdi’ al-Mubdiʾ (http://quran.
58 ُ ‫ٱملُب ِْدئ‬
ْ ‫املبدئ‬ [’al-Mubdiy] [al-Mubdie] The Originator, The com/27/64), V
Producer, The Initiator 29:19 (http://
quran.com/2
9/19), 85:13
(http://quran.
com/85/13)

10:34 (http://
quran.com/1
0/34), 27:64
al-Muʿiyd/ al-Muʿid (http://quran.
The Restorer, The
59 ‫ٱمل ُ ِعي ُد‬
ْ ‫املعيد‬ Reinstater Who Brings
com/27/64),
V
al-Muʿīd [al-Muʿeid/ al-Muʿeyd] Back All
29:19 (http://
quran.com/2
9/19), 85:13
(http://quran.
com/85/13)

\* ِ‫ٱملُحْ ى‬
ْ \* ‫املحى‬
7:158 (http://
al-Muḥ·yi */ quran.com/7/
\ ‫ٱملُحْ يِى‬
ْ \ ‫املحيى‬ 158), 15:23 (
al-Muḥ·yiy al-Muhyi http://quran.
com/15/23),
60 ‫ٱملُحْ يِي‬
ْ ‫املحيي‬ [al-Muhyee] The Giver of Life
30:50 (http://
V
[* = classical written quran.com/3
[* = classical written [* = classical written form] 0/50), 57:2 (
http://quran.
form] form] com/57/2)

3:156 (http://
quran.com/3/
156), 7:158 (
al-Mumiyt/ al-Mumit http://quran.
61 ُ‫ٱمل ُ ِميت‬
ْ ‫املميت‬ The Bringer of Death
com/7/158),
V
al-Mumīt [al-Mumeet] 15:23 (http://
quran.com/1
5/23), 57:2 (
http://quran.
com/57/2)

2:255 (http://
quran.com/2/
255), 3:2 (htt
p://quran.co
\ ّ‫الحى‬ m/3/2),
20:111 (http:/
62 ُّ‫ٱ ْلحَ ى‬ al-Ḥayy al-Hayy The Living /quran.com/2 D
‫الحى‬ 0/111), 25:58
(http://quran.
com/25/58),
40:65 (http://
quran.com/4
0/65)

2:255 (http://
al-Qayyum quran.com/2/
\ ‫القيّوم‬ al-Qayyūm/ 255), 3:2 (htt
[al-Qayyoum/ The Subsisting, The p://quran.co
63 ‫ٱ ْل َقيُّو ُم‬ al-Qayyūm D
‫القيوم‬ Independent m/3/2),
al-Qayyoom] 20:111 (http:/
/quran.com/2
0/111)

ِ َ‫ٱ ْلو‬
\* ‫ٰج ُد‬
\ ‫الوٰجد‬
ِ ‫ٱ ْلو‬
‫َاج ُد‬ al-Wājid/ al-Wajid
38:44 (http://
The Perceiver, The Finder,
64 quran.com/3 V
‫الواجد‬ al-Wājid [al-Waajid] The Unfailing
8/44)
[* = classical written
form]

85:15 (http://
al-Mājid/ al-Majid quran.com/8
5/15), 11:73
The Illustrious, The
65 ِ َ ‫ٱمل‬
‫اج ُد‬ ْ ‫املاجد‬ (http://quran. A
al-Mājid [al-Maajid] Magnificent
com/11/73);
al-Kafʿamī
(1992:48)

13:16 (http://
ِ َ‫ٱ ْلو‬
\* ‫ٰح ُد‬ quran.com/1
3/16), 14:48
ِ ‫ٱ ْلو‬ \ ‫الوٰحد‬ al-Wāḥid/ al-Wahid
‫َاح ُد‬ (http://quran.
com/14/48),
66 The Unique, The Single D
‫الواحد‬ al-Wāḥid [al-Waahid] 38:65 (http://
[* = classical written quran.com/3
form] 8/65), 39:4 (
http://quran.
com/39/4)

\ ‫األحد‬
112:1 (http://
67 ‫ٱألَحَ د‬
ْ al-ِِʿAḥad al-Ahad The One, The Indivisible quran.com/1 A
‫االحد‬ 12/1)

As-Samad
\ ‫الصمد‬
ّ
112:2 (http://
The Eternal, The Absolute,
68 َّ ‫ٱ ْل‬
‫صمَ ُد‬ aṣ-ِِṢamad [As-Ssamad/ As- quran.com/1 D
‫الصمد‬ Swamad]
The Self-Sufficient
12/2)
 \* ‫ٱ ْل َقـ ِٰد ُر‬ 6:65 (http://q
uran.com/6/6
\ ‫القـٰدر‬ al-Qādir/ al-Qadir
ِ ‫ٱ ْل َق‬
‫اد ُر‬ The All-Powerful, He Who
5), 46:33 (htt
p://quran.co
69 D
‫القادر‬ al-Qādir [al-Qaadir] is able to do Everything m/46/33),
[* = classical written 75:40 (http://
quran.com/7
form] 5/40)

18:45 (http://
quran.com/1
8/45), 54:42
The Determiner, The
70 ‫ٱمل ُ ْقت َِد ُر‬
ْ ‫املقتدر‬ al-Muqtadir al-Muqtadir
Dominant
(http://quran.
com/54/42),
A
6:65 (http://q
uran.com/54/
55)

\ ‫املقدّم‬
16:61 (http://
The Expediter, He Who
71 ‫ٱمل ُ َق ِّد ُم‬
ْ al-Muqaddim al-Muqaddim quran.com/1 V
‫املقدم‬ Brings Forward
6/61)

ّ ‫املؤ‬
\ ‫خر‬ al-Muʾakhkhir
71:4 (http://q
ِّ َ‫ٱملُؤ‬
ْ The Delayer, He Who Puts
72 ‫خ ُر‬ al-Muʿakh·khir
[al-Moʾakhkhir] uran.com/71/ V
‫املؤخر‬ Far Away
4)

\ ‫األ ّول‬
57:3 (http://q
The First, The Beginning-
73 ‫ٱأل َ َّو ُل‬ al-ʿAwwal al-Awwal uran.com/57/ D
‫االول‬ less
3)

\‫األخر*\ اآلخر‬ al-ʿAkhir */ al-Akhir */

ِ ‫ٱآل‬
‫خ ُر‬ ِ َ ‫ٱأل‬
ْ \* ‫خ ُر‬ ْ
‫االخر‬ al-ʿĀkhir [variant] al-Aakhir 57:3 (http://q
74 [* = classical written The Last, The Endless uran.com/57/ D
form] [* = classical written [* = classical written [* = classical written 3)

form] form] form]

Az-Zahir/ Az-ZZahir/ Az-

\* ‫الظـٰهر‬ Zwahir
ِ َّ‫ٱ ْلظَّـٰ ِه ُر *\ ٱ ْلظ‬
‫اه ُر‬
aẓ-Ẓāhir/
‫الظاهر‬ [Az-Zaahir/ 57:3 (http://q
The Manifest, The Evident,
75 [* = classical written aẓ-Ẓāhir The Outer
uran.com/57/ D
form] [* = classical written Az-Zzaahir/ 3)

form]
Az-Zwaahir]

al-Batin/ al-Battin/ al-Batwin

al-Bāṭin/
57:3 (http://q
76 ِ ‫ٱ ْلب‬
‫َاط ُن‬ ‫الباطن‬ [al-Baatin/ al-Baattin/ al- The Hidden, The
uran.com/57/ D
al-Bāṭin Unmanifest, The Inner
Baatwin] 3)

\* ‫ٱ ْلوَالِى‬ \* ‫الوالى‬

‫ٱ ْلوَالِي‬ ‫الوالي‬ al-Wāliy/ al-Wali

The Patron, The Protecting
13:11 (http://
77 quran.com/1 I
al-Wālī [al-Waali] Friend, The Friendly Lord
3/11)
[* = classical written [* = classical written
form] form]

\* ‫ٱملُتَعَالِى‬
ْ \* ‫املتعالى‬

‫ٱملُتَعَالِي‬
ْ ‫املتعالي‬ al-Mutaʿāliy/ al-Mutaʿali
The Supremely Exalted,
13:9 (http://q
78 uran.com/13/ D
al-Mutaʿālī [al-Muta'aali] The Most High
9)
[* = classical written [* = classical written
form] form]

\ ‫الب ّر‬
52:28 (http://
79 ‫ٱ ْلبَ ُّر‬ al-Barr al-Barr The Good, The Beneficent quran.com/5 D
‫البر‬ 2/28)

2:128 (http://
quran.com/2/
128), 4:64 (h
\ ‫التّوّاب‬ at-Tawwāb/ At-Tawwab ttp://quran.c
The Ever-Returning, Ever- om/4/64),
80 ُ ‫ٱ ْلتَّو‬
‫َّاب‬ at-Tawwāb [At-Tawwaab] D
‫التواب‬ Relenting 49:12 (http://
quran.com/4
9/12), 110:3
(http://quran.
com/110/3)

32:22 (http://
quran.com/3
2/22), 43:41
81 ‫ٱملُنْت َِق ُم‬
ْ ‫املنتقم‬ al-Muntaqim al-Muntaqim The Avenger (http://quran. P
com/43/41),
 44:16 (http://
quran.com/4
4/16)

4:43 (http://q
uran.com/4/4
3), 4:99 (http
://quran.com/
\ ّ‫العفو‬ al-ʿAfuww/ al-ʿAfu 4/99), 4:149
The Pardoner, The Effacer, (http://quran.
82 ُّ‫ٱ ْل َعفُو‬ al-ʿAfūw [al-ʿAfou] V,
‫العفو‬ The Forgiver com/4/149),
22:60 (http://
quran.com/2
2/60), 58:2 (
http://quran.
com/58/2)

\* ‫ال ّرءوف‬

\* ُ‫ٱ ْل َّر ُءوف‬ \ ‫ال ّرؤف‬ 9:117 (http://

quran.com/9/
ُ‫ٱ ْل َّر ُؤف‬ \* ‫الرءوف‬ ar-Raʿwūf/ Ar-Ra’uf 117), 57:9 (h
ttp://quran.c
83 The Kind, The Pitying I
ar-Raʿūf [Ar-Raʿouf/ Ar-Rawʿouf] om/57/9),
[* = classical written ‫الرؤف‬ 59:10 (http://
form] quran.com/5
9/10)
[* = classical written
form]

\* ‫مـٰلك امللك‬

ُ ‫ٱمل ُ ْل‬
\* ‫ك‬ ْ ‫ك‬ُ ِ‫مـٰل‬
َ \ ‫مالك امللك‬
Māliku ʼl-Mulk/
ُ ‫ٱمل ُ ْل‬
‫ك‬ ْ ‫ك‬ُ ِ‫مَال‬ \* ‫مـٰلك امللك‬ Malik ul-Mulk
3:26 (http://q
The Owner of all
84 uran.com/3/2 D
Māliku ʼl-Mulk [Maalik ul-Mulk] Sovereignty
6)
[* = classical written ‫مالك امللك‬
form]
[* = classical written
form]

ِ ْ ‫ذُو ٱ ْلجَ َلـٰ ِل َو‬

\* ‫ٱإل ْك َرا ُم‬ \* ‫ذو الجلـٰل واإلكرام‬ Ḏuʼl-Jalāli waʼl-ʼIkrām,
Dhuʼl-Jalāli waʼl-ʼIkrām/
55:27 (http://
ِ ْ ‫ذُو ٱ ْلجَ َال ِل َو‬
‫ٱإل ْك َرا ُم‬ ‫ذو الجالل واإلكرام‬ Zul-Jalali wal-Ikram/ Dzhul-
quran.com/5
Ḏuʼl-Jalāli waʼl-ʼIkrām, Jalali wal-Ikram The Owner, Lord of Majesty
85 5/27), 55:78 D
[Zul-Jalaali wal-Ikraam/ and Honour
[* = classical written [* = classical written Dhuʼl-Jalāli waʼl- (http://quran.
Dzhul-Jalaali wal-Ikraam] com/55/78)
form] form] ʼIkrām/

al-Muqsit 3:18 (http://q

uran.com/3/1
86 ِ ‫ٱمل ُ ْق‬
ُ ‫س‬
‫ط‬ ْ ‫املقسط‬ al-Muqsiṭ
The Equitable, The
8); al- O
[al-Muqsitt] Requiter
Kafʿamī
(1992:58f)

al-Jāmiʿ/ al-Jamiʿ/ al-Jamie

87 ِ َ‫ٱ ْلج‬
ُ‫امع‬ ‫الجامع‬ The Gatherer, The Unifier
3:9 (http://qu
I
al-Jāmi [al-Jaamiʿ/ al-Jaamie] ran.com/3/9)

\* ّ‫الغنى‬

َ ‫ٱ ْل‬
\* ُّ‫غنى‬ \ ّ‫الغني‬ 39:7 (http://q
uran.com/39/
al-Ghāniyy/ al-Ghani
َ ‫ٱ ْل‬
ُّ‫غني‬ \* ‫الغنى‬ 7), 47:38 (htt
p://quran.co
88 The Rich, The Independent I, A
al-Ghānī [al-Ghaani] m/47/38),
[* = classical written ‫الغني‬ 57:24 (http://
form] quran.com/5
7/24)
[* = classical written
form]

\* ّ‫املغنى‬

\* ُّ‫غ ِنى‬
ْ ُ ‫ٱمل‬
ْ \ ّ‫املغني‬

ُّ‫غ ِني‬
al-Mugh·niyy/
ْ ُ ‫ٱمل‬
ْ \* ‫املغنى‬ The Enricher, The
9:28 (http://q
89 al-Mughni uran.com/9/2 V
al-Mugh·nī Emancipator
8)
[* = classical written ‫املغني‬
form]
[* = classical written
form]

al-Māniʿ/ al-Maniʿ/ al-Manie

The Preventer, The See al-
90 ِ َ ‫ٱمل‬
ُ‫انع‬ ْ ‫املانع‬ Withholder, The Shielder, Kafʿamī
al-Mānīʿ [al-Maaniʿ/ al-Maanie] The Defender (1992:61)

6:17 (http://q
ّ
\ ‫الضار‬ aḍ-Ḍārr/ Adh-Dharr uran.com/6/1
The Distressor, The 7); al-
 91 َّ ‫ٱ ْل‬
‫ضا ُر‬ ‫الضار‬ aḍ-Ḍārr [Adh-Dhaarr] Harmer, The Afflictor Kafʿamī
(1992:58)

\ ‫النّافع‬ an-Nāfiʿ/ An-Nafi‘/ An-Nafie

The Propitious, The 30:37 (http://
92 ِ َّ‫ٱ ْلن‬
ُ‫افع‬ Benefactor, The Source of quran.com/3
‫النافع‬ an-Nāfīʿ [An-Naafiʿ/ al-Naafie] Good 0/37)

\ ‫النّور‬ an-Nūr/ An-Nur

24:35 (http://
93 ‫ٱ ْلنُّو ُر‬ an-Nūr [An-Nour] The Light quran.com/2 I
‫النور‬ 4/35)

ِ ‫ٱ ْله‬
\* ‫َادى‬ \* ‫الهادى‬
al-Hādiy/ al-Hadi
ِ ‫ٱ ْله‬
‫َادي‬ ‫الهادي‬ 22:54 (http://
94 The Guide, The Way quran.com/2 I
al-Hādī [al-Haadi] 2/54)
[* = classical written [* = classical written
form] form]

al-Badiyʿ/ 2:117 (http://

The Originator, The quran.com/2/
95 ُ‫ٱ ْلب َِديع‬ ‫البديع‬ al-Badiʿ[al-Badiyʿ/ al-Badiye] Incomparable, The 117), 6:101 ( I
al-Badīʿ Unattainable, The Beautiful http://quran.
com/6/101)

ِ ‫ٱ ْلب‬
\* ‫َاقى‬ \* ‫الباقى‬
al-Bāqiy/ al-Baqi 55:27 (http://
ِ ‫ٱ ْلب‬
‫َاقي‬ ‫الباقي‬ quran.com/5
The Immutable, The
96 5/27); al- V
al-Bāqī [al-Baaqi] Infinite, The Everlasting
[* = classical written [* = classical written Kafʿamī
(1992:64)
form] form]

ُ ‫ٱ ْلوَٰ ِر‬
\* ‫ث‬ \* ‫الوٰرث‬
al-Wārith/ al-Warith 15:23 (http://
ُ ‫ٱ ْلوَا ِر‬
‫ث‬ ‫الوارث‬ The Heir, The Inheritor of
quran.com/1
97 5/23), 57:10 P
al-Wārith [al-Waarith] All
(http://quran.
[* = classical written [* = classical written
com/57/10)
form] form]

\ ‫ال ّرشيد‬ ar-Rashiyd/ Ar-Rashid

Not
ِ ‫ٱ ْل َّر‬ The Guide to the Right
98 ‫شي ُد‬ ar-Rashīd [Ar-Rasheed] mentioned in
‫الرشيد‬ Path
the Quran

2:153 (http://
As-Sabur/ As-Ssabur/ As- quran.com/2/
\ ‫الصبور‬
ّ aṣ-Ṣabūr/ Swabur 153), 3:200 (
http://quran.
99 َّ ‫ٱ ْل‬
‫صبُو ُر‬ aṣ-Ṣabūr [As-Sabour/ As- The Timeless, The Patient I
‫الصبور‬ com/3/200),
Ssabour/ As-Swabour] 103:3 (http://
quran.com/1
03/3)

[* = classical calligraphic short written form]

a. b D = Direct; V = from Verb; A = from Adjective or Adjectival Phrase; I = from Indefinite noun;

P = from Plural noun; O = Other

Hadith
By what they said to Sahih Bukhari Hadith:[6]

Abu Hurairah reported that God has ninety-nine Names, i.e., one hundred minus one, and whoever believes in
their meanings and acts accordingly, will enter Paradise; and God is witr (one) and loves 'the witr' (i.e., odd
numbers).

— Sahih Bukhari, Vol. 8, Book 75, Hadith 419

There is another Sahih Muslim Hadith:[7] The 99 names of God on the ceiling
of the Grand Mosque in Kuwait

Allah's Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬said, "God has ninety-nine Names, one-hundred less one; and he who memorized
them all by heart will enter Paradise." To count something means to know it by heart.

— Sahih Bukhari, Vol. 9, Book 93, Hadith 489

The Quran refers to God's Most Beautiful Names (al-ʾasmāʾ al-ḥusná) in several Surahs.[8] Gerhard Böwering refers to Surah 17 (17:110) (http://quran.com/1
7/110) as the locus classicus to which explicit lists of 99 names used to be attached in tafsir. A cluster of more than a dozen Divine epithets which are included
in such lists is found in Surah 59.[9] Sunni mystic Ibn Arabi surmised that the 99 names are "outward signs of the universe's inner mysteries".[1]
Islamic mysticism
There is a tradition in Sufism to the effect the 99 names of God point to a mystical "Most Supreme and Superior Name" (ismu l-ʾAʿẓam (‫ٱأل َ ْعظَم‬
ْ ‫س ُم‬ ِ ْ [10] This
ْ ‫)ٱإل‬.
"Greatest Name of God" is said to be "the one which if He is called (prayed to) by it, He will answer." The Greatest name of God is 'I Am' [11]

According to a hadith narrated by Abdullah ibn Masud, some of the names of God have also been hidden from mankind.[12] More than 1000 names of God are
listed in the Jawshan Kabir (‫ش ُن ٱ ْل َك ِبير‬
َ ‫—ج ْو‬literally
َ "the Great Cuirass") invocations.

The influential Sunni mystic Ibn Arabi (26 July 1165 – 16 November 1240) did not interpretate the names of God as mere epithets, but as actual attributes
paring the universe both in created and possible forms. By these names, the divine traits disclose for humans, whose divine potential is hidden, can learn to
become a reflection of such names. However, such reflections are limited; the divine traits do not equal the divine essence of the names.[13] Influenced by the
metaphysical teachings of Ibn Arabi, Haydar Amuli assigned angels to the different names of God. Accordingly, the good angels as a whole are a manifestation
of God's Names of Beauty. Evil angels (shayatin) on the other hand are a manifestation of God's Names of majesty, such as "The Haughty".[14]

Use in Bahá'í sources

Bahá'í sources state that the 100th name was revealed as "Bahá’" (Arabic: ‫" ​بهاء‬glory, splendor"), which appears in the words Bahá'u'lláh and Bahá'í. They also
believe that it is the greatest name of God.[15][16] The Báb wrote a noted pentagram-shaped tablet with 360 morphological derivation of the word "Bahá'" used
in it.[15]

According to Bahá'í scholar ‘Abdu’l-Hamíd Ishráq-Khávari, Bahāʾ al-dīn al-ʿĀmilī adopted the Persian poetic pen name "Bahāʾ" after being inspired by the
words of the fifth Twelver Imam, Muhammad al-Baqir, and the sixth Imam, Ja'far al-Sadiq, who stated that the greatest name of God was included in either
the Duʿāʾu l-Bahāʾ, a dawn prayer for Ramadan, or the ʾAʿmal ʿam Dawūd.[15] In the first verse of the duʿāʾu l-Bahāʾ, the name "Bahāʾ" appears four times.[17]

See also
The 99, a comic book based on the 99 names of God in Islam.
Basmala
List of Arabic theophoric names
Names of God
Names of God in Judaism
"The Nine Billion Names of God", a short story by Arthur C. Clarke.
Sahasranama, the Hindu lists of 1000 names of God.

References
1. Morgan, Diane (2010). Essential Islam: A Comprehensive Guide to Belief and Practice (https://archive.org/details/essentialislamco0000morg). ABC-CLIO.
p. 10 (https://archive.org/details/essentialislamco0000morg/page/10). ISBN 978-0-313-36025-1.
2. Suhaib Hassan, Introduction to the Science of Hadith Classification (ahya (http://www.ahya.org/modules.php?name=Sections&op=viewarticle&artid=7)),
cited after Richard Shelquist (wahiduddin.net) (http://wahiduddin.net/words/99_pages/app_c_origins.htm) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20120510
223135/http://wahiduddin.net/words/99_pages/app_c_origins.htm) 2012-05-10 at the Wayback Machine
3. [1] (http://www.muslimnamesworld.com/news/information/namegiving/prohibited-muslim-names/) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20140714234110/
http://www.muslimnamesworld.com/news/information/namegiving/prohibited-muslim-names/) July 14, 2014, at the Wayback Machine
4. Please note the written Arabic spelling of the names written in Arabic in the table are in the vowelled Classical/Quranic form (proper = in the Quran and
Ahādith) with the square bracketed "[.]" variant of the written Arabic forms given in common or modern texts—usually in media, some long vowels and
punctuations are omitted for the easier typing and reading.
5. "al-Quran (‫ )القرآن‬:: Online Quran Project :: Translation and Tafsir" (http://al-quran.info/#36:81). Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20090129090725/htt
p://al-quran.info/#36:81) from the original on 2009-01-29.
6. "Hadith: Book of Invocations - Sahih al-Bukhari - Sunnah.com - Sayings and Teachings of Prophet Muhammad (‫( ")صلى اهلل عليه و سلم‬https://sunnah.com/buk
hari/80/105). sunnah.com. Retrieved 2018-06-15.
7. "Hadith - Book of Oneness, Uniqueness of Allah (Tawheed) - Sahih al-Bukhari - Sunnah.com - Sayings and Teachings of Prophet Muhammad (‫صلى اهلل عليه‬
‫( ")و سلم‬https://sunnah.com/bukhari/97/21). sunnah.com. Retrieved 2018-06-15.
8. See the Surah "al-A'raf" (7:180 (http://quran.com/7/180) ), "Al-Isra" (17:110 (http://quran.com/17/110) ), "Ta-Ha" (20:8 (http://quran.com/20/8) ) and "al-
Hashr" (59:24 (http://quran.com/59/24) ).
9. http://quran.com/59/22-24 (59:22–24)
10. Schimmel, Annemarie (1993). The Mystery of Numbers (https://books.google.com/?id=lBIZ9PRZvPIC&pg=PA271). New York, USA: Oxford University
Press. p. 271. ISBN 0-19-508919-7.
11. Momen, Moojan (2000). Islam and the Bahá'í Faith (https://books.google.com/books?id=gMAQAQAAIAAJ). George Ronald. p. 241. ISBN 978-0-85398-
446-7. The endnote states: "Ibn Májah, Sunan, 34. (Kitáb ad-Du'á), ch. 9, no. 3856, vol. 2, p. 1267. See also: Ad-Dárimí, Sunan, 23 (Fada'il al-Qur'án), ch.
15, no. 3296, vol. 2, pp. 324–325. Similar statements in Shi'i tradition include: Majlisí, Bihar al-Anwar, vol. 26. p. 7.
12. Taymiyyah, ibn, Taqī ad-Dīn Ahmad (2003). The Goodly Word: al-Kalim al-Ṭayyib (https://archive.org/details/goodlyword00taym). Islamic Texts Society.
p. 72 (https://archive.org/details/goodlyword00taym/page/n90). ISBN 1-903682-15-0.
13. Bruce Lawrence The Qur'an: A Biography Atlantic Books Ltd, 02.10.2014 ISBN 9781782392187 chapter 8
14. Ayman Shihadeh Sufism and Theology Edinburgh University Press, 21.11.2007 ISBN 9780748631346 pp. 54-56
15. Lambden, Stephen (1993). "The Word Bahá': Quintessence of the Greatest Name" (https://bahai-library.com/lambden_quintessence_greatest_name).
Bahá'í Studies Review. 3 (1).
16. Smith, Peter (2000). "greatest name" (https://books.google.com/books?id=pYfrAQAAQBAJ). A concise encyclopedia of the Bahá'í Faith. Oxford:
Oneworld Publications. pp. 167–8. ISBN 1-85168-184-1.
17. Khadem, Dhikru'llah (March 1976). "Bahá'u'lláh and His Most Holy Shrine" (http://www.teachingandprojects.com/meansandmaterials.htm). Bahá'í News
(540): 4–5. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20170620121705/http://www.teachingandprojects.com/meansandmaterials.htm) from the original on
2017-06-20.

ʾIbrahīm bin ʿAlī al-Kafʿamī (1436–1500 CE), al-Maqām al-asnā fī tafsīr al-asmāʼ al-ḥusnā (http://rafed.net/booklib/view.php?typēc=fbook&b=iḏ25). Beirut:
Dār al-Hādī (1992) (WorldCat listing) (http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/236023175&referer=brief_results).

External links
 Al-Rahman al-Rahim. Problems of Interpretation and Translation (https://www.academia.edu/3108263/George_Grigore_Al-Rahman_al-Rahim_Problems_
of_Interpretation_and_Translation_Revue_Roumaine_de_Linguistique_XXXVIII_4._1993)
Richard Shelquist, The Beautiful Names of Allah (wahiduddin.net) (http://wahiduddin.net/words/wazifa.htm)
99 Names of Allah (ul.org.au) (http://www.qul.org.au/the-holy-quran/asma-ul-husna/). 01715463574 DNA ASMAUL (https://www.Google.com)
Oil paintings of all the 99 names of Allah (http://www.arthafez.com/GALLERY/99NAMESOFALLAH/index.html).

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