Scribd Logo
Загрузить

Добро пожаловать в Scribd!

  • Power Quality Basics 3

    Загружено:

    rt1973
    30 просмотров1 страница
    The document discusses voltage unbalance measurements and mitigation strategies. It reports phase voltage readings of 226, 231, and 233 V, with an average of 230 V and maximum deviation of 5 V, giving a voltage unbalance of 2.16%. It recommends repairing equipment or redistributing loads for utilities, and testing and communication for end-users to resolve unbalance issues. Adjustable speed drives can be equipped with reactors to mitigate unbalance effects. Motors can be derated as a last resort, though this is not ideal. Standards suggest limiting unbalance to 3.0% or less, while most utilities restrict it to 2.5% or less and NEMA requires rated motor output up to 1% unbalance.

    Исходное описание:

    POWER QUALITY BASICS 3

    Оригинальное название

    POWER QUALITY BASICS 3

    Авторское право

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Доступные форматы

    PDF, TXT или читайте онлайн в Scribd

    Этот документ был вам полезен?

    Это неприемлемый материал?

    Пожаловаться на этот документ
    The document discusses voltage unbalance measurements and mitigation strategies. It reports phase voltage readings of 226, 231, and 233 V, with an average of 230 V and maximum deviation of 5 V, giving a voltage unbalance of 2.16%. It recommends repairing equipment or redistributing loads for utilities, and testing and communication for end-users to resolve unbalance issues. Adjustable speed drives can be equipped with reactors to mitigate unbalance effects. Motors can be derated as a last resort, though this is not ideal. Standards suggest limiting unbalance to 3.0% or less, while most utilities restrict it to 2.5% or less and NEMA requires rated motor output up to 1% unbalance.

    Авторское право:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Скачайте в формате PDF, TXT или читайте онлайн в Scribd
    Отметить как неприемлемый контент
    30 просмотров1 страница

    Power Quality Basics 3

    Загружено:

    rt1973
    The document discusses voltage unbalance measurements and mitigation strategies. It reports phase voltage readings of 226, 231, and 233 V, with an average of 230 V and maximum deviation of 5 V, giving a voltage unbalance of 2.16%. It recommends repairing equipment or redistributing loads for utilities, and testing and communication for end-users to resolve unbalance issues. Adjustable speed drives can be equipped with reactors to mitigate unbalance effects. Motors can be derated as a last resort, though this is not ideal. Standards suggest limiting unbalance to 3.0% or less, while most utilities restrict it to 2.5% or less and NEMA requires rated motor output up to 1% unbalance.

    Авторское право:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Скачайте в формате PDF, TXT или читайте онлайн в Scribd
    Отметить как неприемлемый контент
    из 1

    Assume the following phase-to-phase voltage readings of 226, 231, and 233.

    Average Voltage = (226 + 232 + 235) / 3


    Average Voltage = 230 V

    Maximum Deviation from Average Voltage = 231 - 226 = 5 V

    Voltage Unbalance = 5 / 231


    Voltage Unbalance = 0.0216 or 2.16%

    Mitigation

    For the utility, it is just a matter of repairing malfunctioning equipment or redistributing loads to
    reduce the unbalance. For the end-users, proper testing and communication with the utility would
    help locate and resolve the problems.

    Adjustable speed drives can be equipped with AC-line reactors and DC link reactors to mitigate
    the effects of unbalance. Depending on how the ASD is configured with AC and/or DC reactors,
    both the magnitude of RMS currents and the percent of current unbalance can be potentially
    reduced. Nonetheless, before applying reactors to an ASD, the drive manufacturer should be
    consulted. It is usually more cost effective to request reactors at the time of equipment purchase.
    Additional benefits to applying reactors to an ASD include improved power factor, harmonic
    mitigation, and protection against transients.

    Furthermore, motors can be derated to reduce the likelihood of damage. However, derating a
    motor is one of the least desirable methods for dealing with voltage unbalance, because the
    unbalance situation still exists and the motor cannot operate at its full potential. Typical derating
    factors for motors as per NEMA MG-1 are shown below. Also, motor manufacturers should be
    consulted to find the specific derating factor of the motors.

    Standards

    ANSI C84.1 suggests that “electric supply systems should be designed and operated to limit the
    maximum voltage unbalance to 3.0% when measured at the electric-utility revenue meter under
    no-load conditions.”

    Meanwhile, most utilities in the United States restrict the voltage unbalance to 2.5% maximum
    deviation from the average voltage between the three phases.

    On the other hand, the National Equipment Manufacturers Association (NEMA), only requires
    motors to give rated output for 1% of voltage unbalance per NEMA MG-1. By limiting voltage
    unbalance to 1%, this is more stringent than either ANSI C84.1 or most utility guidelines.

    Вам также может понравиться