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4 MHz,
Nonsynchronous Step-Down Regulator
Data Sheet ADP2300/ADP2301
FEATURES TYPICAL APPLICATIONS CIRCUIT
1.2 A maximum load current 3.0V TO 20V BST
±2% output accuracy over temperature range VIN
08342-001
Output voltage from 0.8 V to 0.85 × VIN
Automatic PFM/PWM mode switching Figure 1.
Precision enable pin with hysteresis 100
fSW = 1.4MHz
Integrated high-side MOSFET fSW = 700kHz
95
Integrated bootstrap diode
Internal compensation and soft start 90
EFFICIENCY (%)
85
Undervoltage lockout (UVLO)
Overcurrent protection (OCP) and thermal shutdown (TSD) 80
08342-069
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2
Communications and networking
IOUT (A)
Industrial and instrumentation
Figure 2. Efficiency vs. Output Current
Healthcare and medical
Consumer
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The ADP2300/ADP2301 are compact, constant-frequency, total solution size. Current-mode control provides fast and stable
current-mode, step-down dc-to-dc regulators with integrated line and load transient performance. The ADP2300/ADP2301
power MOSFET. The ADP2300/ADP2301 devices run from devices include internal soft start to prevent inrush current at
input voltages of 3.0 V to 20 V, making them suitable for a wide power-up. Other key safety features include short-circuit protec-
range of applications. A precise, low voltage internal reference tion, thermal shutdown (TSD), and input undervoltage lockout
makes these devices ideal for generating a regulated output (UVLO). The precision enable pin threshold voltage allows the
voltage as low as 0.8 V, with ±2% accuracy, for up to 1.2 A load ADP2300/ADP2301 to be easily sequenced from other input/
current. output supplies. It can also be used as a programmable UVLO
There are two frequency options: the ADP2300 runs at 700 kHz, input by using a resistive divider.
and the ADP2301 runs at 1.4 MHz. These options allow users to The ADP2300/ADP2301 are available in a 6-lead TSOT package
make decisions based on the trade-off between efficiency and and are rated for the −40°C to +125°C junction temperature range.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Features .............................................................................................. 1 Control Loop............................................................................... 15
REVISION HISTORY
11/12—Rev. B to Rev. C
Changes to Ordering Guide .......................................................... 26
6/12—Rev. A to Rev. B
Change to Features Section ............................................................. 1
Added ADIsimPower Design Tool Section ................................. 16
6/10—Rev. 0 to Rev. A
Changes to Figure 54 ...................................................................... 25
Changes to Ordering Guide .......................................................... 26
2/10—Revision 0: Initial Version
Rev. C | Page 2 of 28
Data Sheet ADP2300/ADP2301
SPECIFICATIONS
VIN = 3.3 V, TJ = −40°C to +125°C for minimum/maximum specifications, and TA = 25°C for typical specifications, unless otherwise noted.
Table 1.
Parameter Symbol Test Conditions Min Typ Max Unit
VIN
Voltage Range VIN 3 20 V
Supply Current IVIN No switching, VIN = 12 V 640 800 µA
Shutdown Current ISHDN VEN = 0 V, VIN = 12 V 18 35 µA
Undervoltage Lockout Threshold UVLO VIN rising 2.80 2.95 V
VIN falling 2.15 2.40 V
FB
Regulation Voltage VFB TJ = 0°C to +125°C 0.788 0.800 0.812 V
TJ = −40°C to +125°C 0.784 0.800 0.816 V
Bias Current IFB 0.01 0.1 µA
SW
On Resistance 1 VBST − VSW = 5 V, ISW = 150 mA 440 700 mΩ
Peak Current Limit 2 VBST − VSW = 5 V, VIN = 12 V 1.5 1.9 2.5 A
Minimum On Time 100 135 ns
Minimum Off Time ADP2300 145 190 ns
ADP2301 70 120 ns
OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY ADP2300 0.5 0.7 0.9 MHz
ADP2301 1.0 1.4 1.75 MHz
SOFT START TIME ADP2300 1460 µs
ADP2301 730 µs
EN
Input Threshold VEN 1.13 1.2 1.27 V
Input Hysteresis 100 mV
Pull-Down Current 1.2 µA
BOOTSTRAP VOLTAGE VBOOT No switching, VIN = 12 V 5.0 V
THERMAL SHUTDOWN
Threshold 140 °C
Hysteresis 15 °C
1
Pin-to-pin measurements.
2
Guaranteed by design.
Rev. C | Page 3 of 28
ADP2300/ADP2301 Data Sheet
ESD CAUTION
Stresses above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings
may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress
rating only; functional operation of the device at these or any
other conditions above those indicated in the operational
section of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute
maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect
device reliability.
Absolute maximum ratings apply individually only, not in
combination. Unless otherwise specified, all voltages are
referenced to GND.
Rev. C | Page 4 of 28
Data Sheet ADP2300/ADP2301
BST 1 6 SW
ADP2300/
ADP2301
GND 2 5 VIN
TOP VIEW
(Not to Scale)
08342-002
FB 3 4 EN
Rev. C | Page 5 of 28
ADP2300/ADP2301 Data Sheet
80 80
EFFICIENCY (%)
EFFICIENCY (%)
70 70
60 60
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2
08342-073
IOUT (A) IOUT (A)
Figure 4. Efficiency Curve, VIN = 18 V, fSW = 1.4 MHz Figure 7. Efficiency Curve, VIN = 12 V, fSW = 700 kHz
100 100
INDUCTOR: LPS6225-472MLC
DIODE: B230A
90 90
80 80
EFFICIENCY (%)
EFFICIENCY (%)
70 70
60 60
VOUT = 12V
50 50
VOUT = 9V VOUT = 2.5V
INDUCTOR: LPS6225-103MLC VOUT = 5.0V VOUT = 1.8V
DIODE: B230A VOUT = 3.3V VOUT = 1.2V
40 40
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2
08342-074
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2
08342-071
Figure 5. Efficiency Curve, VIN = 18 V, fSW = 700 kHz Figure 8. Efficiency Curve, VIN = 5.0 V, fSW = 1.4 MHz
100 100
INDUCTOR: LPS6225-103MLC
DIODE: B230A
90 90
80 80
EFFICIENCY (%)
EFFICIENCY (%)
70 70
60 60
50 50
VOUT = 5.0V VOUT = 2.5V
INDUCTOR: LPS6225-472MLC VOUT = 3.3V VOUT = 1.8V
DIODE: B230A VOUT = 2.5V VOUT = 1.2V
40 40
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2
08342-072
Figure 6. Efficiency Curve, VIN = 12 V, fSW = 1.4 MHz Figure 9. Efficiency Curve, VIN = 5.0 V, fSW = 700 kHz
Rev. C | Page 6 of 28
Data Sheet ADP2300/ADP2301
100 0.20
fSW = 1.4MHz
fSW = 700kHz
0.15
90
0.10
0.05
70 0
–0.05
60
–0.10
50
VOUT = 1.8V –0.15
INDUCTOR: LPS6225-472MLC VOUT = 1.2V
DIODE: B230A VOUT = 0.8V
40 –0.20
08342-089
5 8 11 14 17 20
08342-068
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2
IOUT (A) VIN (V)
Figure 10. Efficiency Curve, VIN = 3.3 V with External 5.0 V Bootstrap Bias Figure 13. Line Regulation, VOUT = 3.3 V, IOUT = 500 mA
Voltage, fSW = 1.4 MHz
100 1600
VOUT = 1.8V fSW = 1.4MHz
VOUT = 1.2V fSW = 700kHz
VOUT = 0.8V
90 1400
FREQUENCY (kHz)
80 1200
EFFICIENCY (%)
70 1000
60 800
50 600
INDUCTOR: LPS6225-103MLC
DIODE: B230A
40 400
08342-076
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2
08342-066
Figure 11. Efficiency Curve, VIN = 3.3 V with External 5.0 V Bootstrap Bias Figure 14. Frequency vs. Temperature
Voltage, fSW = 700 kHz
0.20 1600
FSW = 1.4MHz fSW = 1.4MHz
FSW = 700kHz fSW = 700kHz
0.15
1400
0.10
LOAD REGULATION (%)
FREQUENCY (kHz)
1200
0.05
0 1000
–0.05
800
–0.10
600
–0.15
–0.20 400
08342-077
Figure 12. Load Regulation, VOUT = 3.3 V, VIN = 12 V Figure 15. Frequency vs. VIN
Rev. C | Page 7 of 28
ADP2300/ADP2301 Data Sheet
40 160
fSW = 1.4MHz
fSW = 700kHz
35 140
SHUTDOWN CURRENT (µA)
30 120
20 80
15 60
10 40
5 TJ = −40°C 20
TJ = +25°C
TJ = +125°C
0 0
08342-081
2 5 8 11 14 17 20
08342-078
–50 –20 10 40 70 100 130
VIN (V) TEMPERATURE (°C)
Figure 16. Shutdown Current vs. VIN Figure 19. Minimum Off Time vs. Temperature
0.804 2.5
0.802
2.0
0.8V FEEDBACK VOLTAGE (V)
0.798
1.0
0.796
0.5
0.794
0.792 0
08342-079
08342-082
TEMPERATURE (°C) VIN (V)
Figure 17. 0.8 V Feedback Voltage vs. Temperature Figure 20. Current-Limit Threshold vs. VIN, VBST − VSW = 5.0 V
110 2.5
105
2.0
MINIMUM ON TIME (ns)
100
1.5
95
1.0
90
0.5
85
80 0
08342-080
08342-083
Figure 18. Minimum On Time vs. Temperature Figure 21. Current-Limit Threshold vs. Temperature
Rev. C | Page 8 of 28
Data Sheet ADP2300/ADP2301
700 3.0
RISING
2.9 FALLING
660 2.8
QUIESCENT CURRENT (µA)
620 2.6
2.5
580 2.4
2.3
540 2.2
TJ = −40°C
TJ = +25°C 2.1
TJ = +125°C
500 2.0
08342-084
08342-087
2 5 8 11 14 17 20 –50 –20 10 40 70 100 130
VIN (V) TEMPERATURE (°C)
Figure 22. Quiescent Current vs. VIN Figure 25. UVLO Threshold vs. Temperature
900
800
VOUT
700 1
IL
MOSFET RDS (ON) (mΩ)
600
500
SW
400
4
300
200
2
100 VGS = 5V
VGS = 4V
VGS = 3V
08342-024
0 B B
CH1 5mV CH2 5V M400ns A CH2 7.4V
08342-085
Figure 23. MOSFET RDS(ON) vs. Temperature (Pin-to-Pin Measurements) Figure 26. Steady State at Heavy Load, fSW = 1.4 MHz, IOUT = 1 A
1.30
RISING
FALLING
1.25 VOUT
1
ENABLE THRESHOLD (V)
1.20
1.15 IL
4
1.10
1.05 SW
2
08342-025
1.00 B B
CH1 20mV CH2 5V W M10µs A CH2 8V
08342-086
Figure 24. Enable Threshold vs. Temperature Figure 27. Steady State at Light Load, fSW = 1.4 MHz, IOUT = 40 mA
Rev. C | Page 9 of 28
ADP2300/ADP2301 Data Sheet
VOUT VOUT
1
IL
IOUT
1
4
EN
SW 4 SW
2 2
08342-058
08342-026
CH1 1V B CH2 10V B
W W M100µs A CH3 8V CH1 50mV B
W CH2 10V B
W M100µs A CH4 630mA
CH3 10V B
W CH4 500mA Ω BW CH4 500mA Ω BW
Figure 28. Soft Start with 1 A Resistance Load, fSW = 1.4 MHz Figure 31. ADP2301 Load Transient, 0.2 A to 1.0 A, VOUT = 3.3 V, VIN = 12 V
(fSW = 1.4 MHz, L = 4.7 µH, COUT = 22 µF)
VOUT
VOUT
1
1 IOUT
IL
4
EN
4 SW
SW
3
2
2
08342-059
08342-027
Figure 29. Soft Start with No Load, fSW = 1.4 MHz Figure 32. ADP2300 Load Transient, 0.2 A to 1.0 A, VOUT = 5.0 V, VIN = 12 V
(fSW = 700 kHz, L = 10 µH, COUT = 22 µF)
VOUT VOUT
1 1
IOUT
IOUT
4 SW 4 SW
2 2
08342-060
08342-057
Figure 30. ADP2301 Load Transient, 0.2 A to 1.0 A, VOUT = 5.0 V, VIN = 12 V Figure 33. ADP2300 Load Transient, 0.2 A to 1.0 A, VOUT = 3.3 V, VIN = 12 V
(fSW = 1.4 MHz, L = 4.7 µH, COUT = 10 µF) (fSW = 700 kHz, L = 10 µH, COUT = 22 µF)
Rev. C | Page 10 of 28
Data Sheet ADP2300/ADP2301
100 200
80 160
VOUT
60 120
1
20 40
0 0
–40 –80
SW
–60 –120
3
2
–80 CROSS FREQUENCY: 127kHz –160
PHASE MARGIN: 53°
08342-061
–100 –200
08342-062
CH1 5mV B CH2 10V B M1ms A CH3 11.4V 1 2
W W
CH3 5V 1k 10k 100k 1M
FREQUENCY (Hz)
Figure 34. ADP2301 Line Transient, Figure 37. ADP2301 Bode Plot, VOUT = 5.0 V, VIN = 12 V
7 V to 15 V, VOUT = 3.3 V, IOUT = 1.2 A, fSW = 1.4 MHz (fSW = 1.4 MHz, L = 4.7 µH, COUT = 10 µF)
100 200
VOUT
80 160
60 120
20 40
1
0 0
–20 –40
IL
–40 –80
SW
4
–60 –120
–100 –200
08342-063
CH1 1V B CH2 10V B M10µs A CH1 2.56V
W W 1 2
CH4 1A Ω B
W 1k 10k 100k 1M
FREQUENCY (Hz)
Figure 35. ADP2301 Short-Circuit Entry, VOUT = 3.3 V Figure 38. ADP2301 Bode Plot, VOUT = 3.3 V, VIN = 12 V
(fSW = 1.4 MHz) (fSW = 1.4 MHz, L = 4.7 µH, COUT = 22 µF)
100 200
80 160
60 120
1
MAGNITUDE [B/A] (dB)
VOUT 20 40
0 0
IL –20 –40
–40 –80
4 SW
–60 –120
2
–80 CROSS FREQUENCY: 27kHz –160
PHASE MARGIN: 76°
08342-034
W W 1 2
CH4 1A Ω B
W 1k 10k 100k 1M
FREQUENCY (Hz)
Figure 36. ADP2301 Short-Circuit Recovery, VOUT = 3.3 V Figure 39. ADP2300 Bode Plot, VOUT = 5.0 V, VIN = 12 V
(fSW = 1.4 MHz) (fSW = 700 kHz, L = 10 µH, COUT = 22 µF)
Rev. C | Page 11 of 28
ADP2300/ADP2301 Data Sheet
100 200
80 160
60 120
MAGNITUDE [B/A] (dB)
20 40
0 0
–20 –40
–40 –80
–60 –120
08342-065
1 2
1k 10k 100k 1M
FREQUENCY (Hz)
Rev. C | Page 12 of 28
Data Sheet ADP2300/ADP2301
VIN
5
SHUTDOWN IC
1.20V
OCP
EN 4 250mV/A
BST
ON 1.2µA BOOT 1
0.5V REGULATOR
OFF
OVP
0.90V
R Q
VOUT
S
VBIAS = 1.1V SW
6
RAMP CLK
GENERATOR GENERATOR
0.8V
FREQUENCY FOLDBACK
VFB
(fSW, ½ fSW, ¼ fSW)
FB
3
220kΩ GND
2
0.7pF
90pF
ADP2300/ADP2301
08342-038
Figure 41. ADP2300/ADP2301 Functional Block Diagram
Rev. C | Page 13 of 28
ADP2300/ADP2301 Data Sheet
THEORY OF OPERATION
The ADP2300/ADP2301 are nonsynchronous, step-down Since the pulse-skip mode comparator monitors the internal
dc-to-dc regulators, each with an integrated high-side power compensation node, which represents the peak inductor current
MOSFET. A high switching frequency and ultrasmall, 6-lead information, the average pulse-skip load current threshold depends
TSOT package allow small step-down dc-to-dc regulator on the input voltage (VIN), the output voltage (VOUT), the inductor,
solutions. and the output capacitor.
The ADP2300/ADP2301 can operate with an input voltage from Because the output voltage occasionally dips below regulation
3.0 V to 20 V while regulating an output voltage down to 0.8 V. and then recovers, the output voltage ripple in the power saving
The ADP2300/ADP2301 are available in two fixed-frequency mode is larger than the ripple in the PWM mode of operation.
options: 700 kHz (ADP2300) and 1.4 MHz (ADP2301). BOOTSTRAP CIRCUITRY
BASIC OPERATION The ADP2300/ADP2301 each have an integrated boot regulator,
The ADP2300/ADP2301 use the fixed-frequency, peak current- which requires that a 0.1 µF ceramic capacitor (X5R or X7R) be
mode PWM control architecture at medium to high loads, but placed between the BST and SW pins to provide the gate drive
shift to a pulse-skip mode control scheme at light loads to reduce voltage for the high-side MOSFET. There must be at least a 1.2 V
the switching power losses and improve efficiency. When the difference between the BST and SW pins to turn on the high-side
devices operate in fixed-frequency PWM mode, output regulation MOSFET. This voltage should not exceed 5.5 V in case the BST
is achieved by controlling the duty cycle of the integrated MOSFET. pin is supplied with an external voltage source through a diode.
When the devices operate in pulse-skip mode at light loads, the The ADP2300/ADP2301 generate a typical 5.0 V bootstrap voltage
output voltage is controlled in a hysteretic manner with higher for a gate drive circuit by differentially sensing and regulating the
output ripple. In this mode of operation, the regulator periodically voltage between the BST and SW pins. A diode integrated on the
stops switching for a few cycles, thus keeping the conversion chip blocks the reverse voltage between the VIN and BST pins
losses minimal to improve efficiency. when the MOSFET switch is turned on.
PWM MODE PRECISION ENABLE
In PWM mode, the ADP2300/ADP2301 operate at a fixed The ADP2300/ADP2301 feature a precision enable circuit that
frequency, set by an internal oscillator. At the start of each has a 1.2 V reference voltage with 100 mV hysteresis. When the
oscillator cycle, the MOSFET switch is turned on, sending a voltage at the EN pin is greater than 1.2 V, the part is enabled. If the
positive voltage across the inductor. The inductor current EN voltage falls below 1.1 V, the chip is disabled. The precision
increases until the current-sense signal crosses the peak enable threshold voltage allows the ADP2300/ADP2301 to be
inductor current threshold that turns off the MOSFET switch; easily sequenced from other input/output supplies. It can also be
this threshold is set by the error amplifier output. During the used as programmable UVLO input by using a resistive divider.
MOSFET off time, the inductor current declines through the An internal 1.2 µA pull-down current prevents errors if the EN pin
external diode until the next oscillator clock pulse starts a new is floating.
cycle. The ADP2300/ADP2301 regulate the output voltage by
INTEGRATED SOFT START
adjusting the peak inductor current threshold.
The ADP2300/ADP2301 include internal soft start circuitry
POWER SAVING MODE that ramps the output voltage in a controlled manner during
To achieve higher efficiency, the ADP2300/ADP2301 smoothly startup, thereby limiting the inrush current. The soft start time is
transition to the pulse-skip mode when the output load decreases typically fixed at 1460 µs for the ADP2300 and at 730 µs for the
below the pulse-skip current threshold. When the output voltage ADP2301.
dips below regulation, the ADP2300/ADP2301 enter PWM mode
CURRENT LIMIT
for a few oscillator cycles until the voltage increases to within
regulation. During the idle time between bursts, the MOSFET The ADP2300/ADP2301 include current-limit protection circuitry
switch is turned off, and the output capacitor supplies all the to limit the amount of positive current flowing through the high-
output current. side MOSFET switch. The positive current limit on the power
switch limits the amount of current that can flow from the input
to the output.
Rev. C | Page 14 of 28
Data Sheet ADP2300/ADP2301
SHORT-CIRCUIT PROTECTION UNDERVOLTAGE LOCKOUT (UVLO)
The ADP2300/ADP2301 include frequency foldback to prevent The ADP2300/ADP2301 have fixed, internally set undervoltage
output current runaway when there is a hard short on the output. lockout circuitry. If the input voltage drops below 2.4 V, the
The switching frequency is reduced when the voltage at the FB pin ADP2300/ADP2301 shut down and the MOSFET switch turns
drops below a certain value, which allows more time for the off. After the voltage rises again above 2.8 V, the soft start
inductor current to decline, but increases the ripple current while period is initiated, and the part is enabled.
regulating the peak current. This results in a reduction in average
THERMAL SHUTDOWN
output current and prevents output current runaway. The corre-
lation between the switching frequency and the FB pin voltage If the ADP2300/ADP2301 junction temperature rises above 140°C,
is shown in Table 5. the thermal shutdown circuit disables the chip. Extreme junction
temperature can be the result of high current operation, poor
Table 5. Correlation Between the Switching Frequency circuit board design, or high ambient temperature. A 15°C
and the FB Pin Voltage hysteresis is included so that when thermal shutdown occurs,
FB Pin Voltage Switching Frequency the ADP2300/ADP2301 do not return to operation until the on-
VFB ≥ 0.6 V fSW chip temperature drops below 125°C. After the devices recover
0.6 V > VFB > 0.2 V ½ fSW from thermal shutdown, a soft start is initiated.
VFB ≤ 0.2 V ¼ fSW CONTROL LOOP
The ADP2300/ADP2301 are internally compensated to minimize
When a hard short (VFB ≤ 0.2 V) is removed, a soft start cycle external component count and cost. In addition, the built-in
is initiated to regulate the output back to its level during normal slope compensation helps to prevent subharmonic oscillations
operation, which helps to limit the inrush current and prevent when the ADP2300/ADP2301 operate at a duty cycle greater
possible overshoot on the output voltage. than or close to 50%.
Rev. C | Page 15 of 28
ADP2300/ADP2301 Data Sheet
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
ADIsimPower DESIGN TOOL VOLTAGE CONVERSION LIMITATIONS
The ADP2300/ADP2301 are supported by the ADIsimPower There are both lower and upper output voltage limitations for a
design tool set. ADIsimPower is a collection of tools that produce given input voltage due to the minimum on time, the minimum
complete power designs optimized for a specific design goal. off time, and the bootstrap dropout voltage.
The tools enable the user to generate a full schematic and bill of The lower limit of the output voltage is constrained by the finite,
materials, and calculate performance in minutes. ADIsimPower controllable minimum on time, which can be as high as 135 ns for
can optimize designs for cost, area, efficiency, and parts count the worst case. By considering the variation of both the switching
while taking into consideration the operating conditions and frequency and the input voltage, the equation for the lower limit
limitations of the IC and all real external components. For of the output voltage is
more information about ADIsimPower design tools, refer to
VOUT (min) = t MIN -ON × f SW (max) × (V IN (max) + V D ) − V D
www.analog.com/ADIsimPower. The tool set is available from
this website, and users can request an unpopulated board where:
through the tool. VIN(max) is the maximum input voltage.
PROGRAMMING THE OUTPUT VOLTAGE fSW(max) is the maximum switching frequency for the worst case.
tMIN-ON is the minimum controllable on time.
The output voltage of the ADP2300/ADP2301 is externally set by
VD is the diode forward drop.
a resistive voltage divider from the output voltage to the FB pin,
as shown in Figure 42. Suggested resistor values for the typical The upper limit of the output voltage is constrained by the mini-
output voltage setting are listed in Table 6. The equation for the mum controllable off time, which can be as high as 120 ns in
output voltage setting is the ADP2301 for the worst case. By considering the variation of
both the switching frequency and the input voltage, the equation
R for the upper limit of the output voltage is
VOUT = 0.800 V × 1 + FB1
R FB 2 VOUT (max) = (1 − t MIN -OFF × f SW (max) ) × (V IN (min) + VD ) − VD
where: where:
VOUT is the output voltage. VIN(min) is the minimum input voltage.
RFB1 is the feedback resistor from VOUT to FB. fSW(max) is the maximum switching frequency for the worst case.
RFB2 is the feedback resistor from FB to GND. VD is the diode forward drop.
tMIN-OFF is the minimum controllable off time.
In addition, the bootstrap circuit limits the minimum input
voltage for the desired output due to internal dropout voltage.
ADP2300/ To attain stable operation at light loads and ensure proper startup
ADP2301 VOUT
for the prebias condition, the ADP2300/ADP2301 require the
FB
RFB1
voltage difference between the input voltage and the regulated
output voltage (or between the input voltage and the prebias
08342-039
RFB2
voltage) to be greater than 2.1 V for the worst case. If the voltage
Figure 42. Programming the Output Voltage Using a Resistive Voltage Divider difference is smaller, the bootstrap circuit relies on some minimum
load current to charge the boost capacitor for startup. Figure 43
Table 6. Suggested Values for Resistive Voltage Divider
shows the typical required minimum input voltage vs. load current
VOUT (V) RFB1 (kΩ), ±1% RFB2 (kΩ), ±1% for the 3.3 V output voltage.
1.2 4.99 10
1.8 12.7 10.2
2.5 21.5 10.2
3.3 31.6 10.2
5.0 52.3 10
Rev. C | Page 16 of 28
Data Sheet ADP2300/ADP2301
5.5
PROGRAMMING THE PRECISION ENABLE
5.3 FOR STARTUP
Generally, the EN pin can be easily tied to the VIN pin so that the
5.1
device automatically starts up when the input power is applied.
4.9 However, the precision enable feature allows the ADP2300/
4.7 ADP2301 to be used as a programmable UVLO by connecting
MINIMUM VIN (V)
08342-043
REN2
17
ADP2300/
ADP2301
VIN (V)
12 REN1
OTHER DC-TO-DC
OUTPUT EN
08342-044
REN2
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
VOUT (V)
1. 2 V
Figure 44. Voltage Conversion Limitations
VSTARTUP = + 1.2 μA × R EN 1 + 1.2 V
R
EN 2
LOW INPUT VOLTAGE CONSIDERATIONS where:
For low input voltage between 3 V and 5 V, the internal boot VSTARTUP is the start-up voltage to enable the chip.
regulator cannot provide enough 5.0 V bootstrap voltage due to REN1 is the resistor from the dc source to EN.
the internal dropout voltage. As a result, the increased MOSFET REN2 is the resistor from EN to GND.
RDS(ON) reduces the available load current. To prevent this, add
an external small-signal Schottky diode from a 5.0 V external
bootstrap bias voltage. Because the absolute maximum rating
between the BST and SW pins is 6.0 V, the bias voltage should
be less than 5.5 V. Figure 45 shows the application diagram for
the external bootstrap circuit.
SCHOTTKY DIODE
3V ~ 5V BST
VIN
5V BIAS
VOLTAGE
ADP2300/
ADP2301
SW
EN FB
ON GND
08342-042
OFF
Figure 45. External Bootstrap Circuit for Low Input Voltage Application
Rev. C | Page 17 of 28
ADP2300/ADP2301 Data Sheet
INDUCTOR The inductor peak current is calculated using the following
The high switching frequency of the ADP2300/ADP2301 allows equation:
the use of small inductors. For best performance, use inductor ∆I RIPPLE
I PEAK = I LOAD(max) +
values between 2 μH and 10 μH for ADP2301, and use inductor 2
values between 2 μH and 22 μH for ADP2300.
The minimum current rating of the inductor must be greater
The peak-to-peak inductor current ripple is calculated using the than the inductor peak current. For ferrite core inductors with a
following equation: quick saturation characteristic, the inductor saturation current
rating should be higher than the switch current-limit threshold
(V IN − VOUT ) VOUT + V D
∆I RIPPLE = ×
to prevent the inductor from reaching its saturation point. Be
L × f sw V IN + V D sure to validate the worst-case condition, in which there is a
where: shorted output, over the intended temperature range.
fSW is the switching frequency. Inductor conduction losses are caused by the flow of current
L is the inductor value. through the inductor, which is associated with the internal dc
VD is the diode forward drop. resistance (DCR). Larger sized inductors have smaller DCR and,
VIN is the input voltage. therefore, may reduce inductor conduction losses. However,
VOUT is the output voltage. inductor core losses are also related to the core material and the
Inductors of smaller values are usually smaller in size and less ac flux swing, which are affected by the peak-to-peak induc-
expensive, but increase the ripple current and the output voltage tor ripple current. Because the ADP2300/ADP2301 are high
ripple. As a guideline, the inductor peak-to-peak current ripple switching frequency regulators, shielded ferrite core materials
should typically be set to 30% of the maximum load current for are recommended for their low core losses and low EMI. Some
optimal transient response and efficiency. Therefore, the inductor recommended inductors are shown in Table 7.
value is calculated using the following equation:
(VIN − VOUT ) V + VD
L= × OUT
0.3 × I LOAD(max) × f sw +
IN V D
V
where ILOAD(max) is the maximum load current.
Rev. C | Page 18 of 28
Data Sheet ADP2300/ADP2301
CATCH DIODE OUTPUT CAPACITOR
The catch diode conducts the inductor current during the off The output capacitor selection affects both the output voltage ripple
time of the internal MOSFET. The average current of the diode and the loop dynamics of the regulator. The ADP2300/ADP2301
in normal operation is, therefore, dependent on the duty cycle are designed to operate with small ceramic capacitors that have low
of the regulator as well as the output load current. equivalent series resistance (ESR) and equivalent series inductance
(ESL) and are, therefore, easily able to meet stringent output voltage
V + VD
I DIODE( AVG ) = 1 − OUT × I LOAD(max)
ripple specifications.
V IN + V D When the regulator operates in forced continuous conduction
where VD is the diode forward drop. mode, the overall output voltage ripple is the sum of the voltage
The only reason to select a diode with a higher current rating than spike caused by the output capacitor ESR plus the voltage ripple
necessary in normal operation is for the worst-case condition, in caused by charging and discharging the output capacitor.
which there is a shorted output. In this case, the diode current 1
increases up to the typical peak current-limit threshold. Be sure to ∆V RIPPLE = ∆I RIPPLE × + ESRCOUT
8 × f sw × C OUT
consult the diode data sheet to ensure that the diode can operate
well within the thermal and electrical limits. Capacitors with lower ESR are preferable to guarantee low
The reverse breakdown voltage rating of the diode must be higher output voltage ripple, as shown in the following equation:
than the highest input voltage and allow an appropriate margin ∆V RIPPLE
ESRCOUT ≤
for the ringing that may be present on the SW node. A Schottky ∆I RIPPLE
diode is recommended for best efficiency because it has a low
forward voltage drop and fast switching speed. Table 8 provides Ceramic capacitors are manufactured with a variety of dielectrics,
a list of recommended Schottky diodes. each with different behavior over temperature and applied voltage.
X5R or X7R dielectrics are recommended for best performance,
Table 8. Recommended Schottky Diodes due to their low ESR and small temperature coefficients. Y5V
VRRM IAVG and Z5U dielectrics are not recommended because of their poor
Vendor Part No. (V) (A) temperature and dc bias characteristics.
ON Semiconductor MBRS230LT3 30 2
In general, most applications using the ADP2301 (1.4 MHz
MBRS240LT3 40 2
switching frequency) require a minimum output capacitor value
Diodes Inc. B230A 30 2
of 10 µF, whereas most applications using the ADP2300 (700 kHz
B240A 40 2
switching frequency) require a minimum output capacitor value
Vishay SL23 30 2 of 20 µF. Some recommended output capacitors for VOUT ≤ 5.0 V
SS24 40 2 are listed in Table 9.
I IN ( RMS ) = I LOAD(max) × D × (1 − D)
where D is the duty cycle and is equal to
V + VD
D = OUT
V IN + V D
The recommended input capacitor is ceramic with X5R or X7R
dielectrics due to its low ESR and small temperature coefficients.
A capacitance of 10 µF should be adequate for most applications.
To minimize supply noise, place the input capacitor as close to
the VIN pin of the ADP2300/ADP2301 as possible.
Rev. C | Page 19 of 28
ADP2300/ADP2301 Data Sheet
THERMAL CONSIDERATIONS The rise in temperature of the package is directly proportional
to the power dissipation in the package. The proportionality
The ADP2300/ADP2301 store the value of the inductor current
constant for this relationship is the thermal resistance from the
only during the on time of the internal MOSFET. Therefore, a small
junction of the die to the ambient temperature, as shown in the
amount of power is dissipated inside the ADP2300/ADP2301
following equation:
package, which reduces thermal constraints.
TR = θJA × PD
However, when the application is operating under maximum
load with high ambient temperature and high duty cycle, the where:
heat dissipated within the package may cause the junction TR is the rise in temperature of the package.
temperature of the die to exceed the maximum junction θJA is the thermal resistance from the junction of the die to the
temperature of 125°C. If the junction temperature exceeds ambient temperature of the package.
140°C, the regulator goes into thermal shutdown and recovers PD is the power dissipation in the package.
when the junction temperature drops below 125°C.
The junction temperature of the die is the sum of the ambient
temperature of the environment and the temperature rise of the
package due to power dissipation, as indicated in the following
equation:
TJ = TA + TR
where:
TJ is the junction temperature.
TA is the ambient temperature.
TR is the rise in temperature of the package due to power
dissipation.
Rev. C | Page 20 of 28
Data Sheet ADP2300/ADP2301
DESIGN EXAMPLE
This section provides the procedures to select the external com- INDUCTOR SELECTION
ponents, based on the example specifications listed in Table 10. Select the inductor by using the following equation:
The schematic for this design example is shown in Figure 48.
(VIN − VOUT ) V + VD
Table 10. Step-Down DC-to-DC Regulator Requirements L= × OUT
0.3 × I LOAD(max) × f sw V IN + V D
Additional
Parameter Specification Requirements where:
Input Voltage, VIN 12.0 V ± 10% None VOUT = 3.3 V.
Output Voltage, VOUT 3.3 V, 1.2 A, 1% VOUT None VIN = 12 V.
ripple at CCM mode ILOAD(max) = 1.2 A.
Programmable VIN start-up voltage None VD = 0.4 V.
UVLO Voltage approximately 7.8 V fSW = 1.4 MHz.
This results in L = 5.15 µH. The closest standard value is 4.7 µH;
SWITCHING FREQUENCY SELECTION therefore, ΔIRIPPLE = 0.394 A.
Select the switching frequency—700 kHz (ADP2300) or 1.4 MHz
The inductor peak current is calculated using the following
(ADP2301)—using the conversion limitation curve shown in
equation:
Figure 44 to assess the conversion limitations (the minimum on
time, the minimum off time, and the bootstrap dropout voltage). ∆I RIPPLE
I PEAK = I LOAD(max) +
For example, in Figure 44 VIN = 12 V ± 10% is within the conver- 2
sion limitation for both the 700 kHz and 1.4 MHz switching where:
frequencies for an output voltage of 3.3 V, but choosing the 1.4 MHz ILOAD(max) = 1.2 A.
switching frequency provides the smallest sized solution. If higher ΔIRIPPLE = 0.394 A.
efficiency is required, choose the 700 kHz option; however, the Therefore, the calculated peak current for the inductor is 1.397 A.
PCB footprint area of the regulator will be larger because of the However, to protect the inductor from reaching its saturation
bigger inductor and output capacitors. point in the current-limit condition, the inductor should be rated
CATCH DIODE SELECTION for at least a 2.0 A saturation current for reliable operation.
Select the catch diode. A Schottky diode is recommended for best OUTPUT CAPACITOR SELECTION
efficiency because it has a low forward voltage drop and faster Select the output capacitor based on the output voltage ripple
switching speed. The average current of the catch diode in requirement, according to the following equation:
normal operation, with a typical Schottky diode forward
voltage, can be calculated using the following equation: 1
∆V RIPPLE = ∆I RIPPLE × + ESRCOUT
8 × f sw × C OUT
V + VD
I DIODE( AVG ) = 1 − OUT × I LOAD(max)
V + VD where:
IN
ΔIRIPPLE = 0.394 A.
where: fSW = 1.4 MHz.
VOUT = 3.3 V. ΔVRIPPLE = 33 mV.
VIN = 12 V.
If the ESR of the ceramic capacitor is 3 mΩ, then COUT = 1.2 µF.
ILOAD(max) = 1.2 A.
VD = 0.4 V. Because the output capacitor is one of the two external components
that control the loop stability, most applications using the ADP2301
Therefore, IDIODE(AVG) = 0.85 A.
(1.4 MHz switching frequency) require a minimum 10 µF capaci-
However, for the worst-case condition, in which there is a shorted tance to ensure stability. According to the recommended external
output, the diode current would be increased to 2 A typical, deter- components in Table 11, choose 22 µF with a 6.3 V voltage rating
mined by the peak switch current limit (see Table 1). In this case, for this example.
selecting a B230A, 2.0 A/30 V surface-mount Schottky diode
would result in more reliable operation.
Rev. C | Page 21 of 28
ADP2300/ADP2301 Data Sheet
RESISTIVE VOLTAGE DIVIDER SELECTION The resistive voltage divider for the programmable VIN start-up
To select the appropriate resistive voltage divider, first calculate the voltage is
output feedback resistive voltage divider, and then calculate the 1. 2 V
resistive voltage divider for the programmable VIN start-up voltage. VSTARTUP = + 1.2 μA × R EN 1 + 1.2 V
R EN 2
The output feedback resistive voltage divider is
If VSTARTUP = 7.8 V, choose REN2 = 10.2 kΩ, and then calculate
R REN1, which in this case is 56 kΩ.
VOUT = 0.800 V × 1 + FB1
R FB 2
For the 3.3 V output voltage, choose RFB1 = 31.6 kΩ and RFB2
= 10.2 kΩ as the feedback resistive voltage divider, according to
the recommended values in Table 11.
08342-045
1% 10.2kΩ
1%
Table 11. Recommended External Components for Typical Applications at 1.2 A Output Load
Part Number VIN (V) VOUT (V) IOUT (A) L (µH) COUT (µF) RFB1 (kΩ), ±1% RFB2 (kΩ), ±1%
ADP2300 (700 kHz) 18 3.3 1.2 10 22 31.6 10.2
18 5.0 1.2 15 22 52.3 10
12 1.2 1.2 6.8 2 × 22 4.99 10
12 1.8 1.2 6.8 2 × 22 12.7 10.2
12 2.5 1.2 10 22 21.5 10.2
12 3.3 1.2 10 22 31.6 10.2
12 5.0 1.2 10 22 52.3 10
9 3.3 1.2 10 22 31.6 10.2
9 5.0 1.2 10 22 52.3 10
5 1.8 1.2 4.7 2 × 22 12.7 10.2
5 2.5 1.2 4.7 22 21.5 10.2
ADP2301 (1.4 MHz) 18 3.3 1.2 4.7 22 31.6 10.2
18 5.0 1.2 6.8 10 52.3 10
12 2.5 1.2 4.7 22 21.5 10.2
12 3.3 1.2 4.7 22 31.6 10.2
12 5.0 1.2 4.7 10 52.3 10
9 3.3 1.2 4.7 22 31.6 10.2
9 5.0 1.2 4.7 10 52.3 10
5 1.8 1.2 2.2 2 × 22 12.7 10.2
5 2.5 1.2 2.2 22 21.5 10.2
Rev. C | Page 22 of 28
Data Sheet ADP2300/ADP2301
08342-046
as possible. The high current path is shown in Figure 49.
• Maximize the size of ground metal on the component side Figure 49. Typical Application Circuit with High Current Traces Shown in Blue
to improve thermal dissipation.
• Use a ground plane with several vias connecting to the
component side ground to further reduce noise inter-
ference on sensitive circuit nodes.
INDUC TOR
C3
L1
OUTPUT CAP
CA TCH DIODE
BST CA P
RFB2
D1
C1
C2
RFB1
ADP2300/ADP2301
INPUT CA P
08342-056
Rev. C | Page 23 of 28
ADP2300/ADP2301 Data Sheet
08342-052
OFF 1%
Figure 51. ADP2300—700 kHz Typical Application, VIN = 12 V, VOUT = 1.2 V/1.2 A with External Enabling
08342-051
OFF 10.2kΩ
1%
Figure 52. ADP2300—700 kHz Typical Application, VIN = 12 V, VOUT = 1.8 V/1.2 A with External Enabling
OFF 1%
Figure 53. ADP2300—700 kHz Typical Application, VIN = 12 V, VOUT = 2.5 V/1.2 A with External Enabling
Rev. C | Page 24 of 28
Data Sheet ADP2300/ADP2301
08342-049
1%
1%
Figure 54. ADP2301—1.4 MHz Typical Application, VIN = 12 V, VOUT = 3.3 V/1.2 A
(with Programmable 7.8 V Start-Up Input Voltage)
08342-048
10kΩ
OFF 1%
Figure 55. ADP2301—1.4 MHz Typical Application, VIN = 12 V, VOUT = 5.0 V/1.2 A with External Enabling
OFF 1%
Figure 56. ADP2301—1.4 MHz Typical Application, VIN = 18 V, VOUT = 5.0 V/1.2 A with External Enabling
VIN = 9V BST
VIN C3
C1 0.1µF L1
10µF 6.3V 4.7µH VOUT = 3.3V
25V ADP2301 2.0A 1.2A
(1.4MHz) SW
D1 C2
R3 22µF
100kΩ B230A R1 6.3V
5% 31.6kΩ
1%
EN FB
ON R2
GND 10.2kΩ
08342-091
OFF 1%
Figure 57. ADP2301—1.4 MHz Typical Application, VIN = 9 V, VOUT = 3.3 V/1.2 A with External Enabling
VIN = 5V BST
VIN C4
C1 0.1µF L1
10µF 6.3V 2.2µH VOUT = 1.8V
25V ADP2301 2.0A 1.2A
(1.4MHz) SW
D1 C2 C3
R3 22µF 22µF
100kΩ B230A R1 6.3V 6.3V
5% 12.7kΩ
1%
EN FB
ON R2
GND 10.2kΩ
08342-092
OFF 1%
Figure 58. ADP2301—1.4 MHz Typical Application, VIN = 5 V, VOUT = 1.8 V/1.2 A with External Enabling
Rev. C | Page 25 of 28
ADP2300/ADP2301 Data Sheet
OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
2.90 BSC
6 5 4
2.80 BSC
1.60 BSC
1 2 3
PIN 1
INDICATOR
0.95 BSC
1.90
BSC
*0.90
0.87
0.84
0.20
*1.00 MAX
0.08
102808-A
*COMPLIANT TO JEDEC STANDARDS MO-193-AA WITH
THE EXCEPTION OF PACKAGE HEIGHT AND THICKNESS.
ORDERING GUIDE
Switching Package
Model 1 Frequency Temperature Range Package Description Option Branding
ADP2300AUJZ-R2 700 kHz −40°C to +125°C 6-Lead Thin Small Outline Transistor Package [TSOT] UJ-6 L87
ADP2300AUJZ-R7 700 kHz −40°C to +125°C 6-Lead Thin Small Outline Transistor Package [TSOT] UJ-6 L87
ADP2300-EVALZ Evaluation Board
ADP2301AUJZ-R2 1.4 MHz −40°C to +125°C 6-Lead Thin Small Outline Transistor Package [TSOT] UJ-6 L86
ADP2301AUJZ-R7 1.4 MHz −40°C to +125°C 6-Lead Thin Small Outline Transistor Package [TSOT] UJ-6 L86
ADP2301-EVALZ Evaluation Board
1
Z = RoHS Compliant Part.
Rev. C | Page 26 of 28
Data Sheet ADP2300/ADP2301
NOTES
Rev. C | Page 27 of 28
ADP2300/ADP2301 Data Sheet
NOTES
Rev. C | Page 28 of 28