NEW WASHINGTON NATIONAL COMPREHENSIVE HIGH SCHOOL

Poblacion, New Washington, Aklan

RESEARCH TITLE:

EXAMINING THE SPEED OF SPREADING OF TUBERCULOSIS TO THE NON

INFECTED PERSON SHOWN THROUGH ANIMATION

Researchers:

Stefanie C. Narral

Queah C. Sonio
 Marjory P. Gallardo

Aljon C. Rentillo

CHAPTER 1

Background and Conceptual Framework of the study

The National Tuberculosis Program (NTP) in the Philippines is currently monitoring the

constant threat of Tuberculosis. Whenever, a person with mere positive Tuberculosis coughs the

bacilli are expelled in the air and inhaled. In addition to this, the virus is generally infectious and

can easily spread from one person to another.

Tuberculosis is caused by bacteria that can spread through microscopic droplets that are

released into the air. This can happen when someone with untreated or active form of

Tuberculosis, coughs, speaks, laughs, or sings. Moreover, if the masses have no knowledge more

about the virus, the researchers will conduct an animated video about the spreading of the virus

in the community. This study will provide additional help in spreading awareness to individuals

about the said disease. As supporting evidence, animation has long been used as an effective tool

in disseminating knowledge to youths and other people.

The researchers will use this animation to help the adolescents, the teachers and non-

teaching staffs, the general public, and the medical practitioners. Furthermore, this will provide

them adequate knowledge on the prevention of the disease. The result of this study may also

provide some sufficient analysis of the information about the significance of this problem in the

society.
 Statement of the Problem

The primary purpose of this study is to raise awareness among the general public about

the increasing rate of Tuberculosis-infected adolescents in the society.

Specifically, this study shall seek to answer the following questions:

1.) How long will it take for the TB virus to circulate within the classroom vicinity?

2.) What are the possible causes of Tuberculosis among students?

3.) Why is Tuberculosis considered as a huge threat to the human immune system in its late

stages?

4.) What are the signs of an infected person?

Significance of the study

The results of the study may provide deeper insights to the general public on how fast a

TB virus can circulate in the community.

To the adolescents. The results may serve as a valuable education enhancement to all the

students of our locality. Thus, providing them some important knowledge about the increasing

population of TB infected individuals.

To the teachers and non-teaching staff. The interpreted data will serve as awareness to all

the faculty staff. The result of this study may provide them sufficient analysis of the importance

and significance of this problem.

To the general public. The result may serve an eye opener for those who are not aware about the

risk of tuberculosis among young adolescent. The findings of this study may encourage the

people to learn about this illness.

To the medical practitioners. The data will serve as an added guide and information box for all

medical students and staff.

Conceptual framework

Independent Dependent
Variable Variable

Participants
-Health educational -Adolescents -To stop the spread
animation of the disease
-Teachers and
-Participant’s non-teaching - So it can be seen
attitudes staff or knew if they are
infected
- Participants -General public
personal - All participants
characteristics -Medical knew that TB is a
(gender and age) practitioners pulmonary disease
that can be
-Participants prior
contagious
knowledge

Learning gains in showing

situational problems
through:
Animation
Storytelling
Visual communication
Scope and delimitation
Cognition of the Study
Emotional aspects
Observation
Problem solving
 SCOPE AND DELIMITATIONS

This study focuses primarily on the animation of the Tuberculosis disease. This study

aims to spread awareness among the public and to further prevent a widespread and increasing

rate of TB-infected individuals. This study will determine the effectiveness of animation to the

teaching and non-teaching staff, medical practitioners, and the students.

Definition of terms

For a clearer understanding of this study, some terms were defined conceptually and

operationally as follows.

Animation - A lively or excited quality. : a way of making a movie by using a series of

drawings, computer graphics, or photographs of objects (such as puppets or models) that are

slightly different from one another and that when viewed quickly one after another create the

appearance of movement.

Adolescence - Transitional phase of growth and development between childhood and

adulthood. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines an adolescent as any person between

ages 10 and 19. This age range falls within WHO’s definition of young people, which refers to

individuals between ages 10 and 24.

Bacilli - Any of a genus (Bacillus) of rod-shaped gram-positive usually aerobic bacteria

producing endospores and including many saprophytes and some parasites (such as B. anthracis
of anthrax); broadly: a straight rod-shaped bacterium. Bacterium; especially : a disease-

producing bacterium.

Bacteria - Are microscopic living organisms, usually one-celled, that can be found

everywhere. They can be dangerous, such as when they cause infection, or beneficial, as in the

process of fermentation (such as in wine) and that of decomposition.

Cough - When you cough, you force air out of your throat with a sudden, harsh noise.

You often cough when you are ill, or when you are nervous or want to attract someone's

attention.

Disease - A disorder of structure or function in a human, animal, or plant, especially one

that produces specific signs or symptoms or that affects a specific location and is not simply a

direct result of physical injury.

Expelled - Force out or eject (something), especially from the body "she expelled a

shuddering breath". Deprive (someone) of membership of or involvement in a school or other

organization.

Sneeze - Make a sudden involuntary expulsion of air from the nose and mouth due to

irritation of one's nostrils.

Tuberculosis  (TB) – It is an infectious disease usually caused by the bacterium

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). Tuberculosis generally affects the lungs, but can also affect

other parts of the body. People with latent TB do not spread the disease.

World Health Organization (WHO) – It ss a specialized agency of the United Nations

that is concerned with international public health. It was established on 7 April 1948, and is
headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland. The WHO is a member of the United Nations

Development Group.

CHAPTER 2

Review of related literature

This chapter is a discussion of the literature and the results of other related researches to

which the present study is related or has some bearing or similarity. This chapter is divided into

three parts 1.)

[umana tanan sa chapter 2]

RFID student attendance monitoring system is a system that will take students attendance

by using RFID technology. This system mainly comprises of Nokia 6212 NFC mobile which is

used as RFID reader, RFID tags which are embedded to the student ID cards and server machine

which is likely computer. This system record student’s attendance to an attendance database

server. (Rodrigo, 2012)

“With the help of an attendance system, institutions and other organizations can save time

and money. When we talk about an attendance management system, it is not specifically only for

school or companies. It can be used everywhere where people in large number work. Apart from

saving time this system also helps in saving money of the organization which was otherwise lost

in monitoring, tracing and updating information.

Cost spent on buying supplies like ink, paper, files, sheets, pens, punching machines, and many

more can all be saved with the use of automated systems.

This system benefits teachers, management staffs in school and colleges and managers in

companies to easily view all the collected data within a single click. This stored data is stored in

database and hence is safely stored for years together. The same data is stored in documents are

sure to get misplaced soon in the near future. To avoid all such problems all the organizations are

using this system for a peaceful maintenance.” (G. Radhakrishnan, 2012)

There is a significant body of research demonstrating the contribution of parent

involvement to student learning. Henderson and Mapp (2002) reviewed several studies and

provided a synthesis of the research findings. The report points to the strong impact of parent

involvement on both student achievement and attendance and behavior. Research also indicates

that participation declines with grade level, that socioeconomic status and family situation are

factors in determining parent involvement and that students want their families to be involved

(Epstein, 2002). Perhaps the most widely quoted work is by Epstein (2002) in her model of

parent involvement which describes six different categories. Pushor (2007) extends the definition

beyond involvement to engagement and argues that engagement is the hallmark of parent

connections that truly make difference for students. Reports in studies are related to project’s

objective. Since the parent’s involvement in the study is very important, the researcher’s study is

to develop a system that would monitor the students for their parents.

All the models speak to the importance of context in understanding parent engagement.

While the types of engagement can be described, schools will be successful in working with

parents and communities if the staff take time to listen, to understand, and to relate to the

families with whom they work (Pushor,2007). Each child arrives at school carrying the
aspirations of the parent (Majoribanks, 2002), a family background (Beothel, 2004), and the

culture of the family community. In this case, researchers must develop a communication

between the staffs and the guardians of the students.

The Quest of the Communities that Work: Sustaining Student Improvement, An

International Symposium for Education and Community Leaders, Richmond Hill, Ontario,

Canada. (Supplied by author) This report highlights the findings of a research project with the

primary purpose of determining if school councils have the ability to influence the rate of

parental participation in education, with a particular emphasis on the types of involvement that

may lead to improved student learning. The secondary purpose of the research project was to

identify the ways in which Ontario’s parents prefer to be involved in their children’s education.

The study concluded that a deliberate focus and activity related to the Epstein framework did

produce a higher level of parental involvement as compared to schools without such a focus.

Four recommendations for organizing programs to stimulate parental involvement are made.

Stimulate activity within eight strategic categories of involvement. These are described in the, an

extension of the Epstein (2002) model, adding Attending School Events and Fundraising to the

model.

Experimental research on the use of progress monitoring to enhance student performance

has focused primarily on one form of progress monitoring: Curriculum Based Measurement

(CBM). Academic areas frequently assessed using CBM include reading, mathematics, written

expression, and spelling. Criteria that describe the measures used as part of CBM include valid

and reliable indicators or generalized performance, short duration to facilitate frequent

administration, a focus on direct and repeated measures of student performance, multiple forms
that are inexpensive to create and produce, and sensitivity to changes in student achievement

over time.

In a study developed by Wilson BacaniLerrano (1999), on a Proposed Grading System of

Cabarroguis National School of Arts and Trade GundawayCabarroguisQuirino, she noted the

following:

1. Slow Grade Computation

2. Time Consuming

3. Inaccuracy Grades

4. Bulky Workload

For those reasons, she recommends a computerized system:

1. To reduce the time and effort in computing grades

2. To provide complete processing needed with efficiency and accuracy

3. To provide accurate grades reports [2]

The study of Wilson BacaniLerrano is having the capacity to record the grades of the

students but the grades recorded in the system must inform the parents, in this case the

researcher’s used the widely known World Wide Web to browse the grades of the students and

see the top performed students and also, the parents can discuss the grades of the students.

In a study of Jennifer C. Cuthcon (2001), on a Proposed Computerized Student

Monitoring System of the Information Technology of the University of La Sallete Santiago City,

she noted the following:

1. Slow data processing

 2. Inaccuracy of reports

3. Loss of unrecorded files

For those reasons, she recommends a computerized system:

1. To answer data security and fast, accessing of student’s information

2. To lessen document in folder because it will already be placed and stored in

diskettes for more secured data storage

3. To make the job of staff, cashier, faster and more accurate. [3]

2.2 CONCEPTUAL LITERATURE

The study utilizes the following concepts which were used as background of the study

such as Communication, Attendance Monitoring System, Biometrics Technology, SMS based

capability, and Visual Basic. Net, and MySQL.

2.2.1 COMMUNICATION

According to Clemmer (2012), communication is both a symptom and a cause of

organization performance problems. Over the years, hundreds of managers use communication

as a vague catchall for every type of organization and team problem imaginable. The root cause

of many “communication problems” was deeper than that. Communication strategies, system

and practices do play a central role in high-performance. Information, understanding and

knowledge are the lifeblood of the organizational body. A thoughtful and comprehensive

communication strategy is a vital component to any successful change and improvement. The

education and communication strategy set the tone and direction of improvement efforts.
 Another article by Weaver (2009) stated that the term “Communication” means to

interact with other in order to share information, beliefs, exchange ideas and feelings, make plans

and solve problems. Sometimes this interaction is done interpersonally, in a team or small group,

in a conference and sometimes through the media or computer. We may say that communication

consists of transmitting information from one people to another. The best ways to understand the

communication is to look at models of the process which can help us to understand.

2.2.2 ATTENDANCE MONITORING SYSTEM

A concept according to Satoa (2013), elaborated that attendance monitoring system using

biometrics authentication defines that attendance is a very important factor in many institutions

and organizations and its one of the significant criteria to follow for students and organization

employees. The previous approach in of manually taking and maintaining the attendance records

was a very inconvenient task. After having these issues in mind an automatic attendance system

is furthermore developed. Some commonly used biometric techniques are used for objective

identification and verification like iris recognition, voice identification, fingerprint identification,

DNA recognition etc.

2.2.3 BIOMETRICS TECHNOLOGY

Biometrics techniques are widely used in various areas like building security etc. A

fingerprint is an impression of the friction ridges on all parts of the finger. A friction ridge is a
raised portion of the epidermis on the palmar (palm) or digits (fingers and toes) or plantar (sole)

skin, consisting of one or more connected ridge units of friction ridge skin. A fingerprint is an

impression of the friction ridges on all parts of the finger.

2.3 SYNTHESIS

The related literature discussed all the relevance of the study in attendance monitoring

which has connection to the present study. The information that was programmed in the database

makes the work easier to monitor students’ attendance.

[di magagawa yung synthesis kung walang RRL. Dapat

atleast four paragraphs long yung synthesis]

 CHAPTER 3
Research Design and Methodology
In this chapter discusses the methods that have been use in creating animation. We’ve
used collection and analysis of data to answer the primary and secondary research questions. It
explains the research design, the data gathering procedure, respondents of the study, research
information, requirements analysis, instrumentation.
Research Design
Descriptive research describes what is. It involves the description, recording, analysis,

and interpretation of the present nature, composition or processes of phenomena. The focus is on

prevailing conditions, or how a person, group, or thing behaves or functions in the present. It

often involves some type of comparison or contrast. (Manuel and Medel)

Descriptive research is fact-finding with adequate interpretation. The descriptive method

is something more and beyond just data gathering; the latter is not reflective thinking or research.

The true meaning of the data collected should be reported from the point of view of the

objectives and the basic assumption of the descriptive research it is used to describe

characteristics of a population or phenomenon being studied. It does not answer questions about

how/when/why the characteristics occurred. Rather it addresses the "what" question. (Aquino)

Data Gathering Procedure

In this study, questionnaires will be used as the primary data gathering tool for the survey

regarding the outcomes of the study. Interviews among the health professionals of RHU New

Washington will also be conducted by the researchers. This is to assure the evidence of an

extremely fast spreading of the virus in the locality.

 Respondents of the Study
The respondents of this study is the Grade 7- Mercury students of New Washington
National Comprehensive High School. Municipality of New Washington Aklan.
Sample Population

The Sample Population will consist of the Grade 7-Section 1 students of New
Washington National Comprehensive High School. The study will focus on the various
feedbacks of the respective students to the outcome of the study.

Research Information Pulmonary tuberculosis

Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious bacterial infection that involves the lungs. It
may spread to other organs. Causes
Pulmonary TB is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M tuberculosis).
TB is contagious. This means the bacteria is easily spread from an infected person to someone
else. You can get TB by breathing in air droplets from a cough or sneeze of an infected person.
The resulting lung infection is called primary TB.
Most people recover from primary TB infection without further evidence of the disease.
The infection may stay inactive (dormant) for years. In some people, it becomes active again
(reactivates).
Most people who develop symptoms of a TB infection first became infected in the past.
In some cases, the disease becomes active within weeks after the primary infection.
The following people are at high risk of active TB or reactivation of TB:
• Older adults
• Infants
• People with weakened immune systems, for example due to HIV/AIDS,
chemotherapy, diabetes, or medicines that weaken the immune system
Your risk of catching TB increases if you:
• Are around people who have TB
• Live in crowded or unclean living conditions
• Have poor nutrition
 The following factors can increase the rate of TB infection in a population:
• Increase in HIV infections
• Increase in number of homeless people (poor environment and nutrition)
• Drug-resistant strains of TB

Requirements Analysis
The researcher conducted an interview in New Washington Municipal Health Center
about tuberculosis to get some information to this study and we will create animation for the
students for them to easily understand.
Research methods

 Data was gathered from old medical books from our local TB Dots Center.

 Collecting useful data from various legitimate websites in the internet.

 The corresponding data was analyzed by the researchers.

 The analyzed data was interpreted into beneficial facts and statements.

 The data was used for the sequencing of bacterial growth development.

 Animation of bacterial growth was produced through the animation of the

research.

Research Instrument
Questionnaire
-
Process of Animation
In this part, researcher will study what are the processes or procedure in creating
animation about how fast it can spread to human body. The video clip will end in approximately
2-5 minutes.
Development of Ideas
 The researcher use software’s application and tools that are available and applicable in
creating interactive movies such as the adobe flash, clip camcorder and many more. Video clips
created or developed by using these tools and applications. It can be played in web browser,
adobe flash, player, etc.
Sketching and Drawing
-
Materials Needed
 Sketch book – a number of sheets of plain paper joined together for drawing. A book of
drawings or literary sketches.

 Bond Paper - Bond paper is a high quality durable writing paper similar to bank paper
but having a weight greater than 50 g/m2. The name comes from its having originally
been made for documents such as government bonds.
 Charcoal -a hard, black substance similar to coal that can be used as fuel or, in the form
of sticks, as something to draw with.
 Pencil - is a writing implement or art medium constructed of a narrow, solid pigment
core inside a protective casing which prevents the core from being broken and/or from
leaving marks on the user's hand during use.
 Eraser - an object, typically a piece of soft rubber or plastic, used to rub out something
written.
Putting Together

Final editing
-
 Project Development

Combining Ideas
about Tuberculosis

Sketching and
Drawing

Putting Together

Editing
 References

[dapat kumpleto at naka APA format lahat]

Bushman, B. J., & Huesmann, L. R. (2001). Effects of televised violence on aggression. In D.

Singer & J. Singer (Eds.), Handbook of children and the media (pp. 223–254). Thousand Oaks,

CA: Sage.

Milgram, S. (1974). Obedience to authority: An experimental view. New York, NY: Harper &

Row.

Rosenhan, D. L. (1973). On being sane in insane places. Science, 179, 250–258.