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MEMORANDUM
2. In connection with the above cited reference please be informed that the undersigned is a Forensic
Chemist by profession and thus conduct Paraffin Testing. In this regard the undersigned give
opinion on the request cited above reference to the following facts, to wit:
a. Paraffin test is the determination of the presence of gunpowder residues in which a paraffin
cast of a person suspected of firing a gun is subjected to chemical analysis.
b. Firearms discharge can deposit gunpowder residues to a person at close proximity. Hand or
body parts close to the fired weapon may have gunpowder residue embedded to skin pores.
c. Rinsing with tap water may not remove the gunpowder residue but excessive perspiration or
washing of hands with the use of warm water or vinegar may remove the gunpowder residue
on the skin.
d. There are instances wherein a person who actually fired a gun will still give negative result to
the test because of several factors like;
Noted by: