FINANCIAL STATEMENT

ANALYSIS
( Analisis Laporan Keuangan )
Laporan Keuangan, terdiri dr :
• Income Statement
• Balance Sheet
• Statement of Retained Earnings
• Statement of Cash Flows
 Analisa Laporan Keuangan
Menggunakan Rasio Keuangan
 Perbandingan (Ratio Comparison) :
- Tren / Time-Series Analysis
- Cross-sectional Analysis :
* Industry Comparative
* Benchmarking
- Combined Analysis
Analisis Rasio
• Liquidity Ratio : kemampuan perusahaan
dalam memenuhi kewajiban jangka pendek.
• Activity Ratio : kemampuan perusahaan
menghasilkan pendapatan/revenues atau mengelola
assetnya.
• Debt Ratio/Solvabilitas : kondisi hutang perusahaan
(kemampuan memenuhi kewajiban jangka
panjang)
• Profitability Ratio : menghasilkan laba
• Market Ratio : berkaitan dengan kinerja saham
perusahaan di pasar modal.
Income Statement
PT ABC, Inc Statement,
For The Year Ended Dec 31, 2006 dan 2005 (000)

2006 2005

Net Sales $6,000 $ 5,700

COGS $3,600 $ 3,534

Gross Profit $2,400 $ 2166

Operating Expense $1,832.40 $ 1,640

Operating Profit (EBIT) $ 567.60 $ 526

Less Interest $ 176 $ 120

Earning Before taxes $ 391.60 $ 406

Taxes (40%) $ 156.60 $ 162.4

Earning (Net Profit) After Taxes $ 235 $ 243.6

Preferred Stock Dividend $ 8.0 $ 8

Earning Av for Com Stockholder $ 227 $ 235.60

Balance Sheet
PT ABC, Balance Sheet
December 31, 2006 dan 2005 (000)

Asset : 2006 2005 Liab&Eq : 2006 2005

Cash $ 20 $ 160 Acc Payable $ 120 $ 60
Acc Receivable $ 750 $ 630 Notes Payable $ 220 $ 120
Inventory $ 1,230 $ 830 Accruals $ 280 $ 260
Total CA $ 2,000 $ 1,620 Total CL $ 620 $ 440
Plant&Eq $ 2,550 $ 2,090 LTD $ 1,508 $ 1,160
Less:AccDepr $ (550) $ (350) Pref Stock $ 80 $ 80
Net-Plant&Eq $ 2,000 $ 1,740 Com Stock $ 260 $ 260
Ret Earning $ 1,532 $ 1,420
Total equity $ 1,872 $ 1,760

Total Asset $ 4,000 $ 3,360 Tot Liab & Eq $ 4,000 $ 3,360

Analisis Rasio
• Liquidity ratio :
- Current ratio
- Quick Ratio
• Activity ratio :
- Inventory Turnover (Avg Age of Inventory)
- Avg Collection Period ( AR Turnover)
- Total Asset Turnover
Liquidity ratio
• Current ratio :
CR = total current assets
total current liabilities
CR = $2,000/$620 = 3.22 X

 makin tinggi CR makin baik/likuid , makin

mampu perush. Membayar hutang 2 yg jatuh
tempo.
Liquidity ratio
• Quick ratio :
QR = Total Cur Assets - Inventory
total current liabilities
QR = ($2,000 jt - $1,230 jt)/$ $ 620 jt
= 1.2 X
Activity ratio
• Inventory Turnover :
ITO = Cost of Goods Sold
Inventory
ITO =$3,600 juta/$ 1,230 juta = 2.93

artinya : persediaan berputar 2,93 X dlm

setahun
Activity ratio
• Average Age of Inventory
AAI = 360
Inventory Turnover
AAI = 360/2.93 = 122.87 hari

artinya : umur persediaan 122.87 hari

• A/R Turnover = Net Sales : A/R

= 6000: 750 = 8 X
Jadi perputaran piutang = 8 X dlm setahun.
Activity ratio
• Average Collection Period :
ACP = Accounts Receivable
Net Sales/365
ACP = $750 juta/$6,000 juta/365
= 45 hari

artinya :umur piutang tertagih 45 hari .

Activity ratio
• Total Asset Turnover
TATO = Net Sales
Total Assets
TATO = $6000 juta/$4000 juta = 1.5 X

artinya : penjualan besarnya 1,5 assetnya.