MODULE 1.

BUSINESS AND BUSINESSMEN

UNIT 1. BUSINESS HOURS

KEY TERMS:

bank банк
client клиент
business фирма, компания
company фирма, компания
industry промышленное предприятие
employ нанимать, предоставлять работу
employee служащий
employer работодатель, наниматель
overtime сверхурочно
pay оплата, жалование, заработная плата / платить
salary заработная плата, оклад
premium премия, надбавка
rate of pay ставка заработной платы
buy покупать
public общественный, государственный
national национальный

READING

Read the text about the standard working day in the UK and the USA:

The standard working day in the United Kingdom and the USA starts at 9
a.m. and lasts till 5 p.m. with lunch time from 1 p.m. to 2 p.m. Many banks are
usually open for clients from 9:30 a.m. to 3:30 p.m. Some businesses and
industries traditionally work different hours.
Most employees have a five-day working week, Monday through Friday.
The working week is between 35 and 40 hours long. Many workers receive money
every week or month. This pay is called salary. Some people work overtime and
employers pay them a premium to the basic rate of pay.
The weekend usually starts on Friday night and lasts till Monday. Thus on
Saturdays and Sundays many companies are closed. But some shops are open on
Saturdays and some of them are open on Sundays. So people can buy newspapers,
magazines and fresh food. On public and national holidays such as New Year’s
Day, Easter, Christmas Day, etc. most businesses are closed.
COMPREHENSION

1. Give Russian equivalents to the following:

The standard working day, to be open for clients, businesses, industries, to work
different hours, employees, to work overtime, employers, to pay a premium, the
basic rate of pay, companies, to be closed, to buy newspapers and magazines, fresh
food, public holidays, national holidays.

2. Mark these statements T (true) or F (false) according to the information in

the text:

1. The standard working day in the United Kingdom and the USA starts at 8 a.m.
2. Most businessmen have lunch at 1 p.m.
3. Many banks are usually open for clients from 9 a.m.
4. Most employees work five days a week.
5. The working week is between 30 and 40 hours long.
6. Sometimes employees work overtime to get more money.
7. Most businesses are open on Saturdays.
8. All shops are closed on Sundays.

3. Answer the following questions:

1. When does the standard working day start and finish in the UK and the USA?
2. How long is the working week there?
3. Do employers pay overtime?
4. What are the usual working days?
5. What is a weekend?
6. What days are shops open?
7. What goods can people buy on Sundays?
8. What public holidays do these two countries have?

VOCABULARY

4. Give the terms which correspond to the following definitions:

1. a person who works for a company and receives money

2. time that you spend working at your job after you have worked the normal hours
3. a person or company that pays people to work for them
4. money that employees receive for doing their job
5. to get a product by paying money for it
6. an organization that can give you money when you need it
5. Fill in the gaps with the suitable terms from Ex. 4:

1. There are a lot of commercial _____ in our city.

2. This firm has over 500 _____.
3. They are very good _____. They treat workers well.
4. Where can I _____ fresh food?
5. Sometimes I work _____.
6. He gets a basic _____ plus commission.

6. Make up your own sentences using your active vocabulary and ask your
classmates to translate them into Russian.

GRAMMAR FOCUS

THE VERB «TO BE» IN THE PRESENT INDEFINITE TENSE

Positive Negative Interrogative

I am a student. I am not a student. Am I a student?
We are students. We are not students. Are we students?
You are a student. You are not a student. Are you a student?
You are students. You are not students. Are you students?
He is a student. He is not a student. Is he a student?
She is a student. She is not a student. Is she a student?
They are students. They are not students. Are they students?
I’m a student. I’m not a student.
He’s a student. He isn’t a student.
They’re students. They aren’t students.

7. Read and translate the following sentences. Make them negative and
interrogative:

1. I am a businessman.
2. My friend is a doctor.
3. Many banks are usually open from 9:30 a.m. till 3:30 p.m.
4. My working week is 35 hours long.
5. Many businesses are open on Saturdays.
6. This hotel is very comfortable.
7. It is a good idea.
8. This book is very interesting for businessmen.
9. These workers are very competent.
10. She is my best friend.
8. Ask questions of 4 types (general, special, alternative, disjunctive) about
each sentence.

Model:
This computer is up-to-date.
1. Is this computer up-to-date? (general)
2. Why is this computer up-to-date? (special)
3. Is this computer up-to-date or out-of-date? (alternative)
4. This computer is up-to-date, isn’t it? (disjunctive)

1. London is the capital of Great Britain.

2. The results of our experiment are excellent.
3. This shop is open on Sundays.
4. He is a good employer.
5. You are our best client.

9. Open the brackets using the appropriate form of the verb «to be»:

1. The head office of the Toyota Motor Corporation (to be) in Toyota City.
2. These problems (to be) very important.
3. You (to be) a good employee?
4. My salary (to be) very high.
5. I (to be) sure you (to be) a good manager.
6. This book (to be) very interesting.
7. Paul Samuelson and Milton Friedman (to be) two of America’s most famous
economists.
8. Moscow (to be) the capital of Russia.
9. When these shops (to be) open?
10. Why the Walt Disney Company (to be) very successful?

10. Translate the following sentences into English:

1. Вашингтон – столица США.

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2. Эта рабочая неделя очень длинная.
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3. Этот магазин открыт по воскресеньям.
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4. Моя зарплата не очень высокая
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5. Я студент ВолГУ.
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6. Они хорошие друзья.
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7. Этот банк находится в Москве.
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8. Эти проблемы очень важны для нас.
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9. Лондон – это политический и культурный центр страны.
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10.Компания Reebok – очень известная американская компания.
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COMMUNICATING

11. This is part of a conversation with a teacher about her job. Read and
translate it:

A: What are your working hours?

B: I usually start at nine and finish at four.
A: Do you ever work overtime?
B: Yes, sometimes. With certain courses I work evenings, and then I get paid
extra.
A: How much vacation do you get?
B: Two months. That’s one of the good things about being a teacher.
A: Do teachers get a good salary?
B: No, they don’t, unfortunately. That’s one of the minuses of being a teacher.
But I suppose money isn’t everything.

12. Now make up your own dialogues using one of the following situations:

1. You are a journalist. Ask a banker / an engineer / a marketing manager about his
/ her working hours, working conditions and salaries.
2. Imagine that you are talking to a foreigner. What would you tell him / her about
- our working days
- our holidays
- time when our shops are open
13. Discuss the following items:

1. What are normal working hours for most office jobs in your country?
2. Compare business hours in Russia and the UK. What are the main differences
and similarities?
3. What are the jobs where people receive very high salaries in your country?

WRITING

14. Write a list of at least four friends, relatives, and neighbors who have jobs.
What are their working hours?

15. Imagine that you work in a company or in a bank. Write a short essay about
your working hours, conditions and pay.
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UNIT 2. BUSINESSMAN’S DAY

KEY TERMS:

economist экономист
manager руководитель, управляющий, менеджер
trade firm торговая фирма
sell продавать
goods товары
representative представитель
discuss обсуждать
price цена
terms условия
payment оплата
delivery поставка, доставка
look through просматривать
customer заказчик, клиент, покупатель
mail почта
make an appointment назначать встречу
business partner деловой партнер
factory завод, фабрика, предприятие
inspector инспектор, ревизор
business matter деловой вопрос, дело

READING

Read the text about the working day of Mr. John Smith:

Mr. John Smith is 30. He is married and he has got his own family. He has a
wife, a daughter and a son. His wife is an economist. Her name is Jane. The names
of their children are Kate and Peter. They live in a small house in Greenwood.
Greenwood is a small place not far from London.
John works in London. He is a manager in a big trade firm. His firm sells the
goods in various countries. In the morning he always goes to his office in London
on Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday. He doesn’t go to his
office on Saturday and Sunday. These are his days-off.
John often meets the representatives of English and French firms. They
discuss the prices, terms of payment and delivery. He begins his working day at 9
o’clock in the morning. Every morning John first looks through fresh newspapers.
He takes much interest in the latest political and business news. Sometimes John
goes to different cities to discuss business with their customers. He is a very busy
man. He always has a lot of work. He looks through the mail, reads telegrams and
letters and speaks on the phone with the customers. He also makes appointments
with his business partners.
At 12 he has lunch. After lunch he sometimes goes to factories with
inspectors, but sometimes he stays in the office and discusses business matters
with director or customers. He finishes his working day at 6 o’clock. He usually
comes home at 7 o’clock in the evening.

COMPREHENSION

1. Give Russian equivalents to the following:

A manager in a big trade firm, to sell goods in various countries, to meet

representatives, English and French firms, to discuss prices, terms of payment and
delivery, to look through fresh newspapers, to take much interest in something, the
latest political and business news, to discuss business with customers, to have a lot
of work, to look through the mail, to speak on the phone with customers, to make
appointments with business partners, to go to factories with inspectors, to stay in
the office, to discuss business matters.

2. Mark these statements T (true) or F (false) according to the information in

the text:

1. Mr. John Smith is married.

2. His wife is a secretary in a big trade firm.
3. John works in Greenwood.
4. He is a manager.
5. He often meets the representatives of Italian firms.
6. Business people often discuss such questions as prices, terms of payment and
delivery.
7. Mr. Smith starts work at 8a.m.
8. He is interested in politics and economics.
9. Sometimes he goes on business.
10. He isn’t very busy and has much spare time.
11. He makes appointments with his partners.
12. He stays in his office all day long.

3. Answer the following questions:

1. How old is Mr Smith?

2. Is he married?
3. Has he got his own family?
4. What is his wife’s profession?
5. What are the names of their children?
6. Where do they live?
7. What is John’s profession?
8. What does his firm sell?
9. What are his working days?
10. What are his days-off?
11. What does he usually do during his working day?

VOCABULARY

4. Give the terms which correspond to the following definitions:

1. a specialist in economics
2. a person who directs or manages an organization, industry, shop, etc
3. a commercial organization
4. a client
5. a person who inspects
6. the sum of money for which you may buy goods
7. letters, packages, etc., that are transported and delivered by the post office
8. a plant for the manufacture of goods

5. Fill in the gaps with the suitable terms from Ex. 4:

1. An _____ is a person who studies or writes about economics.

2. I can’t buy this computer because its _____ is very high.
3. We do our business by _____.
4. My father is the marketing _____.
5. An _____ is a person whose job is to visit schools, factories, etc.
6. She works in a big engineering _____.
7. Our _____ produces kitchen equipment.
8. My boss often discusses business with his _____.

6. Make up your own sentences using your active vocabulary and ask your
classmates to translate them into Russian.

GRAMMAR FOCUS
«THERE IS (ARE)» CONSTRUCTION

Positive Negative Interrogative

There is a cable on the There is not a cable on the Is there a cable on the table?
table. table.
There is no cable on the
table. Are there many cables on the
There are many cables on There are not many cables table?
the table. on the table.
There’s a cable on the There isn’t a cable on the
table. table.
There’re many cables on There aren’t many cables on
the table. the table

GRAMMAR REFERENCE.
The constructions «there is» and «there are» are used when people talk about the existence of
people, things, etc. These constructions have the meaning «есть», «имеется», «находится»,
«существует».
The corresponding Russian sentences begin with adverbial modifiers.

English Russian
There is a telephone in this office. В этом офисе есть телефон.
There are many employees in this company. В этой компании много служащих.

7. Read and translate the following sentences. Make them negative and
interrogative:
1. There are many computers in our firm.
2. There are two visitors in the office.
3. There is a fax machine on the desk.
4. There are a lot of useful books in this shop.
5. There is much furniture in our office.
6. There are many small shops in Great Britain.
7. There are a lot of goods in this shop.
8. There is a new computer on his table.
9. There are 150 employees in this company.
10. There are many banks in our city.

8. Ask questions of 4 types (general, special, alternative, disjunctive) about

each sentence.

Model:
There are thousands of small shops in Great Britain.
1. Are there thousands of small shops in Great Britain? (general)
2. How many small shops are there in Great Britain? (special)
3. Are there thousands or hundreds of small shops in Great Britain? (alternative)
4. There are thousands of small shops in Great Britain, aren’t there? (disjunctive)

1. There are many faxes on the desk.

2. There is only one commercial bank in our city.
3. There are a lot of fresh newspapers on her table.
4. There is a big factory in this city.

9. Use “there is / are” construction:

1. ______ many firms in the USA.

2. How many shops ______ in your city?
3. _____ a very interesting article in this newspaper.
4. _____ 200 employees in our organization.
5. _____ five big factories in our city.
6. _____ up-to-date computers in your office?
7. How many trade firms _____ in your city?
8. _____ no telegram on the desk.
9. _____ a fax machine on my table.
10. _____ three ideas in my report.

10. Translate the following sentences into English:

1. В нашем городе только один коммерческий банк.

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2. В моем докладе три основные идеи.
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3. В этом журнале много интересных статей для экономистов.
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4. Сколько служащих в вашей фирме?
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5. На моем столе нет компьютера.
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6. В нашем городе много заводов.
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7. В этом магазине много различных товаров.
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8. В нашем офисе два секретаря.
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9. На столе есть газеты и журналы.
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10. В вашем офисе есть факс?
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COMMUNICATING

11. Read and translate the following dialogue:

Discussing terms and dates of delivery

A: I’d like to discuss the terms of delivery.

B: What terms do you suggest?
A: We can deliver part of the equipment by air and part of it by railway.
B: It will be better if you deliver the goods by railway only.
A: Unfortunately we can’t do that, as part of the equipment is not fit for
transportation by railway.
B: I think you are right. Now let’s discuss the time of delivery. When could you
deliver the equipment?
A: We could deliver two sets of the equipment in the third quarter of 2012 and
two sets in the third quarter of 2013.
B: All right. We can wait. And can there be a delay in delivery?
A: It’s hard to foresee that now. Anyway we’ll do everything we can to deliver
the goods on time.
B: OK. Let’s hope that we’ll get our goods in time.

12. Now make up your own dialogue. Discuss the terms and dates of delivery
with your business partner.

WRITING

13. Imagine that you are a manager in a big trade firm. Describe your ordinary
working day.

UNIT 3. OFFICE WORK

KEY TERMS:

secretary секретарь
receive получать
snail mail обычная почта
e-mail электронная почта
type печатать
send отправлять, посылать
correspondence корреспонденция

READING

Read the text about Linda Foster and her office work:

Linda Foster is a secretary to Mr. John Smith. Her office is not large. She
has got a computer, a fax and a telephone on her desk. Linda comes to her office at
nine every morning from Monday to Friday. At the beginning of her working day
Linda usually looks through the mail. She receives both snail mail and e-mail. At
eleven she comes into her manager’s office with the letters and telegrams. The
manager reads them and gives answers to the letters. Linda writes everything in her
book and goes to her office. There she types the answers on her computer. She also
receives and sends e-mail correspondence.
In the afternoon Linda usually has lunch at the office but sometimes she has
lunch at the café with her friend Alex. She stays in the office till 6 o’clock. In the
evening Linda has her French lessons. She wants to know French well because she
wants to work with French firms and customers.

COMPREHENSION

1. Give Russian equivalents to the following:

A secretary, to receive snail mail and e-mail, to give answers to the letters, to write
something in a book, to type the answers on the computer, to receive and send
correspondence, to have lessons, to work with French customers.

2. Mark these statements T (true) or F (false) according to the information in

the text:

1. Linda Foster is an expert.

2. Her office is large.
3. She has got two computers in her office.
4. There is a fax machine in her office.
5. She comes to her office at 8 a.m.
6. At the beginning of her working day she usually checks correspondence.
7. Linda comes into her manager’s office at 10 a.m.
8. When she wants to type something she uses a computer.
9. She always has lunch at a café.
10. Linda learns German to speak with clients.

3. Answer the following questions:

1. What is Linda Foster?

2. When does her working day usually start?
3. What does she do during her working day?
4. Where does Linda have lunch?
5. What language does she learn and why?

VOCABULARY

4. Give the terms which correspond to the following definitions:

1. the letters a person sends and receives

2. a person who handles correspondence, keeps records, and does general clerical
work for an individual, organization, etc
3. to write something using a word processor
4. a machine that sends and receives documents in an electronic form
5. short for electronic mail

5. Translate the following sentences:

1. Please, contact my secretary to make an appointment.

2. Do you have a fax in your office?
3. How fast can you type?
4. Who usually answers letters in your company?
5. What is your fax number?
6. I want to send a postcard to my mother.
7. Do you receive much correspondence?
8. What business matters do you usually discuss during your working day?
9. We often meet representatives of English and French firms.
10. Our manager looks through newspapers every morning.
11. I make a lot of phone calls every day.

6. Write three nouns that can follow each verb and make up your own
sentences using these words:

1. write ……………………… 5. make ………………………….

2. send ……………………… 6. answer ………………………..
3. receive …………………… 7. look through ………………….
4. type ……………………… 8. discuss…………………………

GRAMMAR FOCUS

THE VERB «TO HAVE» IN THE PRESENT INDEFINITE TENSE

Positive Negative Interrogative

I have (got) an offer. I have not got an offer.
I do not have an offer.
We have (got) an offer. We have not got an offer.
We do not have an offer.
You have (got) an offer. You have not got an offer.
You do not have an offer.
He has (got) an offer. He has not got an offer.
He does not have an offer.
She has (got) an offer. She has not got an offer.
She does not have an offer.
It has (got) an offer. It has not got an offer.
It does not have an offer.
They have (got) an offer. They have not got an offer.
They do not have an offer.
I’ve got an offer. I haven’t got an offer.
He’s got an offer. I don’t have an offer.
They’ve got an offer. He hasn’t got an offer.
He doesn’t have an offer.
They haven’t got an offer.
They don’t have an offer.
Have I got an offer?
Do I have an offer?
Have we got an offer?
Do we have an offer?
Have you got an offer?
Do you have an offer?
Has he got an offer?
Does he have an offer?
Has she got an offer?
Does she have an offer?
Has it got an offer?
Does it have an offer?
Have they got an offer?
Do they have an offer?

GRAMMAR REFERENCE.
«Have» and «have got» express possession.
I have got a new car.
I have a new car.
He has got two offers.
He has two offers.
 «Have» and «have got» mean the same. But «have got» is more informal. It is used a lot
when people speak, but not when they write.
«Have you got a light?»
The Prime Minister has a meeting with the President today.
When «have» + noun means an activity or a habit, «have» and the do/does/don’t/doesn’t
forms are used. «Have got» is not used.
I have lunch at 1.00.
7. Read and translate the following sentences. Make them negative and
interrogative:

1. She has got a computer, a fax and a telephone on her desk.

2. Our firm has got a lot of customers.
3. We have some representatives in Europe.
4. I usually have lunch at the office.
5. In the evening she has her French lessons.
6. He has got his own family.
7. This company has a lot of problems.
8. Toyota has a lot of factories in different countries.
9. Each country has its own strategy.
10. This shop has a lot of different goods.

8. Ask questions of 4 types (general, special, alternative, disjunctive) about

each sentence.

Model:
This commercial bank has a branch in Paris.
1. Does this commercial bank have a branch in Paris? (general)
2. Where does this commercial bank have its branch? (special)
3. Does this commercial bank have a branch in Paris or London? (alternative)
4. This commercial bank has a branch in Paris, doesn’t it? (disjunctive)

1. This factory has a good infrastructure.

2. We usually have breakfast at 9 o’clock.
3. Nick has his English lessons in the evening.
4. My father has got a car.

9. Open the brackets using the appropriate form of the verb “to have”:

1. They (not to have) any children.

2. Everybody likes Tom. He (to have) a lot of friends.
3. Our secretary (to have) a computer and a telephone on her desk.
4. I can’t open the door. I (not to have) a key.
5. How much money you (to have)?
6. Jim (to have) a new camera.
7. Your firm (to have) many clients?
8. Alice doesn’t read much. She (not to have) many books.
9. Hurry up! We (not to have) much time.
10. It’s a nice town. It (to have) a very nice shopping centre.

10. Translate the following sentences into English:

1. У нашей компании много клиентов.

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2. У меня очень большой дом.
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3. У тебя много друзей?
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4. Обычно я обедаю в офисе.
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5. Сколько у тебя денег?
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6. У них двое детей.
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7. В офисе у секретаря нет компьютера.
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8. У тебя много книг?
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9. У вас много корреспонденции каждый день?
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10. Наша компания имеет завод в Европе.
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COMMUNICATING

11. This is an example of a telephone conversation. Read and translate this

dialogue:

A: Hello, is that Mr. Brown’s secretary?

B: Yes.
A: I want to confirm my appointment with Mr. Brown on Monday morning.
B: I’m afraid Mr. Brown will be busy on Monday morning. Perhaps you could
meet on Friday afternoon instead?
A: I’m sorry but I have to go away and won’t be able to manage Friday
afternoon.
B: Could I suggest Thursday instead? 12 o’clock at our office?
A: Well, I think that will be all right.

12. Now make up your dialogue. Try to make an appointment with your
business partner.

13. Discuss the following items:

1. Do you think office work is interesting or boring and monotonous?

2. Would you like to work in an office in future?
3. Do you send and receive e-mail? Who do you usually write to?
4. What are some advantages and disadvantages of using e-mail?

WRITING

14. Imagine that you work as a secretary. Describe your ordinary working day.
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UNIT 4. WHAT IS BUSINESS?

KEY TERMS:

business бизнес, предпринимательское дело

exchange обмен, бартер (о товарах)
trade торговля, обмен
production производство
distribution распределение
sale продажа
service услуга
profit прибыль
marketplace рынок
car dealership агентство по продаже автомобилей
product продукт, продукция, товар
goal цель

READING

Read the text about the meaning of the word “business”:

Business is a word that is used in many different languages. But what does it
mean? Traditionally, business simply meant exchange or trade for things people
wanted or needed. Today it has a more technical definition. One definition of
business is the production, distribution, and sale of goods and services for a profit.
To examine this definition, we will look at its various parts.
First, production is the creation of services or the changing of materials into
products. Next, these products need to be moved from the factory to the
marketplace. This is known as distribution. For example, a car can be moved from
a factory in Detroit to a car dealership in Miami.
Third is the sale of goods and services. Sale is the exchange of a product or
service for money. Goods are products that people need or want; for example, cars
can be classified as goods. Services are activities that a person or group performs
for another person or organization. For example, a doctor performs a service by
taking care of people when they are sick.
Business, then, is a combination of all these activities: production,
distribution, and sale. However, there is one other important factor. This factor is
the creation of profit. Creating a profit is a primary goal of business activity.

COMPREHENSION

1. Give Russian equivalents to the following:

Exchange of goods, trade for things people want or need, production of goods,
distribution of goods, sale of goods and services for a profit, the changing of
materials into products, to move a product from a factory to the marketplace, the
exchange of a product or service for money, to perform an activity, a combination
of activities, the creation of a profit, a primary goal of business activity.

2. Mark these statements T (true) or F (false) according to the information in

the text:

1. Business is a word that people use in different languages.

2. There are several definitions of the word “business”.
3. The conversion of iron ore into metal car parts is an example of production.
4. If a car is sold to someone in exchange for money it is called distribution.
5. If an auto mechanic repairs a car we say that he performs a service.
6. Business is a combination of two kinds of activities: production and distribution.

3. Answer the following questions:

1. What is one modern definition of business?

2. How does this modern meaning of business differ from the traditional one?
3. What is production?
4. What example of distribution is given in the text? Can you think of another
example?
5. How do goods differ from services?
6. Give your own examples of goods and services.
7. In addition to production, distribution, and sale, what other factor is important in
defining business?
8. Can we say that a major goal in the functioning of an American business
company is making a profit?

VOCABULARY

4. Match the terms from the text with their definitions:

1. exchange (n) a) a thing that is produced, usually for sale

2. trade (n) b) a business that buys and sells products, esp.
cars, for a particular company
3. product (n) c) something that you want to achieve
4. production (n) d) the act of giving sth to sb and receiving sth in return
5. dealership (n) e) the process of making goods
6. goal (n) f) the act of buying and selling goods on the market

5. Read and translate the following sentences:

1. Production of the new model will start next week.

2. Trade between the two countries is increasing.
3. What products does your company produce?
4. The company made a profit of $150m last year.
5. Our sales fell in November by 10%.
6. She works in the Sales Department.
7. Our school does an exchange with a school in France.
8. Would you like my old TV in exchange for this camera?

6. Make up your own sentences using your active vocabulary and ask your
classmates to translate them into Russian.
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GRAMMAR FOCUS

THE PRESENT INDEFINITE TENSE

Positive Negative Interrogative

I work. I do not work. Do I work?
We work. We do not work. Do we work?
You work. You do not work. Do you work?
He works. He does not work. Does he work?
She works. She does not work. Does she work?
It works. It does not work. Does it work?
They work. They do not work. Do they work?
I don’t work.
He doesn’t work.
They don’t work.

GRAMMAR REFERENCE.
The Present Indefinite Tense is used:
To express an action which happens again and again, that is, a habit.
I get up at 7.30.
We go to the country every weekend.
To express a fact that stays the same for a long time, that is, a state.
We live in Oxford.
He works in a bank.
To express a fact which is always true.
She comes from Spain.
I speak three languages.
The sun rises in the east.
Water boils at 100 centigrade.

7. Read and translate the following sentences. Make them negative and
interrogative:

1. Our manager discusses terms of payment and delivery every day.

2. The secretary looks through the mail every morning.
3. I speak three foreign languages.
4. Our company produces office equipment.
5. We discuss business with our clients every day.
6. She often speaks on the telephone with our customers.
7. My working day begins at 8 a.m.
8. This bank opens at 9 o’clock.
9. We perform different services for our clients.
10. Business means production, distribution and sale of goods.

8. Ask questions of 4 types (general, special, alternative, disjunctive) about

each sentence.

Model:
He wants to form a corporation.
1. Does he want to form a corporation? (general)
2. Why does he want to form a corporation? (special)
3. Does he want to form a corporation or a partnership? (alternative)
4. He wants to form a corporation, doesn't he? (disjunctive)

1. Our company produces furniture.

2. We need a Marketing Director.
3. Our secretary types business letters every day.
4. On a business trip people meet colleagues and business partners.

9. Open the brackets using the Present Indefinite Tense:

1. What goods your company (to produce)?

2. We usually (to make) a profit of $10,000.
3. Who (to answer) the telephone calls in your office?
4. What your secretary usually (to do) during her working day?
5. How many business letters and telegrams you (to receive) every day?
6. Our manager (to discuss) business with our customers every morning.
7. She (not to work) in the Sales Department.
8. I (to speak) English very well.

10. Complete the following dialogue using the Present Indefinite Tense.

Int = Interviewer
LC = Lisa Crawford

Int: What you (to do)?

LC: I (to work) in the travel industry. I (to be) a tour representative for Sun
Travel.
Int: That (to sound) fun. What the work (to involve)?
LC: Well, it’s not all sun and sea. In fact it (to be) often very hard work.
Basically, it (to involve) looking after people when they (to be) on holiday.
I (to be) responsible for sorting out any problems and I often (to deal) with
complaints.
Int: It (to sound) like hard work. But what about the perks?
LC: Well, the obvious one is that you (to get) to travel a lot and experience
different cultures. I really (to value) that aspect of the work.
Int: What about your colleagues? They (to be) mainly men or women?
LC: In the company I (to work) for there (to be) more women than men, but I
(not to be) sure that that’s true of the industry as a whole.

11. Translate the following sentences into English:

1. Наша компания производит офисное оборудование.

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2. Мы обсуждаем условия оплаты и доставки товаров каждый день.
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3. Наш секретарь получает деловую корреспонденцию каждое утро.
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4. Ты хорошо говоришь по-английски?
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5. Кто печатает письма в вашем офисе?
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6. Как часто ты ездишь в командировки?
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7. В каком отделе ты работаешь?
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8. Наша компания не продает товары в Европе.
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9. Новый завод открывается первого сентября.
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10.Этот банк не работает по воскресеньям.
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COMMUNICATING

12. Using the Internet find some other definition of the word “business”. Compare
your definition of business with the one given in the reading. How are they
 similar? In what ways does your definition differ from the one presented in the
text?

WRITING

13. Write a short essay on the topic “Business as I See It”.

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IMPROVE YOUR BUSINESS ENGLISH

Test-papers for Business English by J. Taylor, J. Zeter, Book 1:Units 1-5

Unit 1
Greetings and goodbyes

Vocabulary

to bow кланяться
to greet приветствовать
strange незнакомый, странный, странно
kiss on the cheek поцелуй в щеку
firm крепкий
soft мягкий
judgment оценка, мнение
customs обычаи
to shake hands пожимать руки
to be polite быть вежливым
to follow local customs следовать местным обычаям
to get to know познакомиться, узнавать
relationship взаимоотношения
to come to an agreement прийти к соглашению
to advise советовать
to confuse смущать, приводить в
замешательство
experience опыт
to suggest предлагать
common way распространенный способ
firm handshake крепкое рукопожатие

1. Match the words with their definitions:

1. to shake hands a) to bend your waist and lean forward

2.custom b) the way in which a person knows and interacts with
another person
3.firm c) work that a person has done in the past
4.polite d) to say hello to him or her
5.relationship e) an action that people traditionally do in a country or
region
6.to greet f) to hold someone’s hand with your hand and lift it up
and down
7.experience g) if people are ….., they show their respect to other
people
8.to bow h) tight or not loose

2. Insert a suitable preposition where necessary:

1. Asian businessmen often bow _____ each other.

2. If people are not _____ romantic relationship, they don’t kiss each other.
3. You can greet each other _____ a kiss _____a cheek.
4. We made arrangements _____ him to meet in a week.
5. _____ to the etiquette, what is a common way_____ greeting _____ your
country?
6. What can you guess _____ the businessman _____China?
7. Say hello _____ person is a common way of greeting.
8. Some companies have different customs _____ greeting strangers.
9. When you meet a client _____ another country, you must be polite_____ him.
10. When the client leaves _____ the room, say goodbye.
3. Solve a cross-word puzzle:

1. the act of taking someone’s right hand and shaking it, which people do when
they meet or leave each other or when they have made an agreement
2. If people are …., they show their respect to other people.
3. the part of the face
4. the work that a person has done in the past
5. an action that people traditionally do in a country or region
6. to make someone feel that they cannot think clearly or do not understand
7. an arrangement or promise to do something, made by two or more people,
companies, organizations, etc.
8. to tell someone what you think they should do, especially when you know more
than they do about something
9. tight or not loose
10. an opinion that you form, especially after thinking carefully about something

10

9 6

8
7

2 5
4

1
 Unit 2
Introductions

Vocabulary

colleague коллега
suddenly внезапно, вдруг, неожиданно
to make sure убедиться, удостовериться
relationship взаимоотношение
excitedly взволнованно
to introduce представлять, представить
to mention упоминать, ссылаться на
occupation вид работы, занятие
to steer the conversation направить разговор
to leave out пропускать, не учитывать
difference разница
to change the topic сменить тему
adult совершеннолетний, взрослый человек
party вечеринка
similar interests похожие интересы
to have something in common иметь что-то общее, перекликаться
Let me introduce you to … Позвольте вас представить….
Я хочу познакомить вас с ….
I’d like you to meet… Рад встрече с вами
Я хочу познакомить вас с ….

1. Match the words with their definitions:

1. colleague a) a way in which two or more people or things are not

like each other
2. to mention b) the way in which a person knows and interacts with
another person
3. to steer a c) to help person meet someone else by telling both
conversation people each other’s names and other basic information
4.difference d) to be similar in some way
5. relationship e) job
6. occupation f) someone with whom a person works
7. to have smth in g) to direct a conversation towards or away from a
common particular topic
8. to introduce h) to talk about it for a short time
2. Translate the following sentences from Russian into English:

1. Для того, чтобы избежать конфликта, Вам лучше перевести разговор в

другое русло.
2. Позвольте представить вам нашего коллегу из французского филиала.
3. При заполнении анкеты, не забудьте упомянуть место вашей работы.
4. Вам необходимо завершить разговор с коллегой перед тем, как начать
общаться с другом.
5. У нас с ним много общего, мы еще вместе играли в одной футбольной
команде.

3. Solve a cross-word puzzle:

1. to talk about something for a short time

2. to help person meet someone else by telling both people each other’s names and
other basic information
3. someone with whom a person works
4. a job
5. something that you want to achieve
6. an informal talk in which people exchange news, feelings, and thoughts
7. a way in which two or more people or things are not like each other
8. the way in which a person knows and interacts with another person

5 6

3
4

8
2
1

7
 Unit 3
Small Talk

Vocabulary

conversation разговор
to happen происходить, случаться
to make conversation разговаривать, вести разговор
weather погода
to do for a living зарабатывать на жизнь
to discuss обсуждать
flow текучий, плавный
to involve включать, содержать
topic тема
to avoid избегать
marital status семейное положение
religion религиозные убеждения, религия
belief вера, убеждение
worship почитание, поклонение
topic тема, вопрос
to be married быть женатым
to be single быть холостым, не замужем
to be free быть свободным
education образование
to bring up поднимать вопрос, затрагивать
to be worried about беспокоиться о чем-либо

1. Match the words with their definitions:

1.to involve a) an informal talk in which people exchange news,

feelings, and thoughts
2. to discuss b) the temperature, rain and wind etc.
3. marital status c) to stay away from something
4.conversation d) the activity of praying or singing in a religious
building in order to show respect and love for a god
5. to avoid e) a subject for conversation or study
6. weather f) to include
7. worship g) to talk about something in detail
8. topic h) person’s status as single, married or divorced

2. Insert a suitable preposition where necessary:

1. You need avoid talking _____ such questions.

2. What does he do _____ a living?
3. You mustn’t ask questions about his marital status _____ you know him better.
4. Can you make small talk ____ your partner?
5. Ask ____ his colleague___ their promotional campaign.
6. Mike’s conversation _____ Ann didn’t flow.
7. It’s better not to discuss _____ home town and education.
8. He is worried _____ his financial status.

3. Solve a cross-word puzzle:

1. to talk about something in detail

2. to include
3. to stay away from something
4. not married, or not involved in a romantic relationship with anyone
5. the process of teaching and learning, usually at school, college, or university
6. the activity of praying or singing in a religious building in order to show respect
and love for a god
7. to occur
8. the feeling that something is definitely true or definitely exists

2
6 1

4 7

8
 Unit 4
Ending conversations

Vocabulary

to take up отнимать, заполнять

to end the conversation заканчивать разговор
rude грубый
to improve улучшить, совершенствовать
polite phrases вежливые фразы
to get back вернуться, возвращаться
to be afraid (of) боюсь, что…
опасаться
to be busy быть занятым
unfortunately к сожалению
to have a lot of time иметь много времени
talkative разговорчивый
to return возвращаться, идти обратно
to keep a polite tone придерживаться вежливого тона
to hurt someone’s feelings ранить чьи-то чувства
the proper time подходящее время
according to … согласно…
to prevent from предотвращать (от)
impolite невежливый
unfriendly недружелюбный
useful полезный
to attend the meeting посещать встречу
vacation отпуск
expenses расходы, траты
destination место назначения, место для отдыха
to bother беспокоиться
advice совет

1. Give the terms which correspond to the following definitions:

1. time that people do not have to work but are still paid.
2. to make the effort to do something.
3. the place that someone or something is going to
4. rude
5. to go or come back to a place where you were before.
6. the amount of money that you spend on something.
7. someone who talks a lot.
8. to go to an event such as a meeting or a class.
2. Translate the following sentences from English into Russian:
1. They say that she is too talkative.
2. If you don’t return to work in time, you will be fired.
3. I’m sorry for bothering you.
4. Unfortunately it is very difficult to use the right tone of voice in work
conversations.
5. There are number of phrases you can use to end a conversation properly.
6. He borrowed £150,000 and used the money for legal expenses.
7. He left his country, never to return.
8. You could use the money for improving your home.

3. Insert a suitable preposition where necessary:

1. Her time is fully taken _________ with writing.

2. What has made you so deeply afraid _________ your boss?
3. He is prevented by law _________from holding a licence.
4. The salary will be fixed _________ qualifications and experience.
5. If you get your money back, the money that you paid _________something is
given _________ to you.
6. Will you let me _________return _________ work?
7. _________our office rules you must end a conversation _________a co-worker
politely.
8. Unfortunately, he can not speak _________ the correct tone.

Unit 5
Ordering numbers
Vocabulary

to request требовать, просить

direction направление
to reach достигать
main train station главная железнодорожная станция
luckily к счастью
to take out выходить, выводить
to turn поворачивать
to walk up подходить, идти вверх
to continue продолжать
straight прямой, зд. прямо
to enter входить
main entrance главный вход
journey путешествие
Best regards С наилучшими пожеланиями
error ошибка
to occur происходить, случаться
to be located on ….. быть расположенным на…
to exit выходить
to purchase покупать, приобретать
purpose цель, замысел
to confirm подтверждать
to receive получать
Let me take a note of that Позволь мне обратить внимание на
to make up a date назначить свидание, встречу
office floor этаж офиса

1. Match the words with their definitions:

1.to request a) to go out of or leave a place.

2. journey b) an opening, such as a door, passage, or gate, that
allows access to a place.
3. to occur c) the reason for which something is done or created or
for which something exists.
4. error d) the time spent to go from one place to another,
especially a long distance
5. to exit e) extending or moving uniformly in one direction only;
without a curve or bend.
6. direction f) to ask for smth.
7. purpose g) a mistake
8. entrance h) to acquire (something) by paying for it; to buy.
9. straight i) to happen; to take place.
10.to purchase j) a course along which someone or something moves

2. Insert a suitable preposition where necessary:

1. Turn _________right and you reach _________ the building.

2. The banks are only three blocks _______ ______ here.
3. Their office is located _________ the 30th Avenue.
4. They understood the purpose _________the meeting was to discuss
incorporating a new company.
5. I started the work at half ten _________ Sunday night and finished at one
_________Monday morning.
6. Enter _________ our main entrance and you reach Mr.Jone’s office.
7. The secretary can give directions _______ his office ________ an appointment.
8. Ms. Kelly took the train _________the office.
3. Solve a cross-word puzzle:

1. to show that something is definitely true, especially by providing more proof

2. a structure with a roof and walls, such as a house or factory
3. coming after the first in time or order
4. an opening, such as a door, passage, or gate, that allows access to a place
5. to start doing something
6. a course along which someone or something moves
7. an assembly of people for a particular purpose, especially for formal discussion
8. to make or become different
9. free from error
10. to acquire (something) by paying for it; to buy order

3 2
6 4
7
10 1