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m)
Number of times the mass of one atom of an element is heavier than one
twelfth of the mass of carbon-12 atom
Molecules are formed when atoms are joined together by chemical bonds.
Relative molecular mass (r.m.m) is the number of times the mass of one
molecule of a compound heavier than one-twelfth of the mass of a carbon-
12 atom.
For ionic compound, we use the term relative formula mass (r.f.m)
X NA
No of
Mole
particles
÷ NA
One mole of a substance has a mass equal to relative atomic mass (Ma) or
relative molecular mass (Mr) expressed in grams.
÷ Ma or
Mr
Mass Mole
x Ma or
Mr
Relationship between number of moles of gas and its volume
x
Mole 22.4dm3
Volume
÷
22.4dm3
Summary
x Ma or
÷ NA
Mr
Number of
particles
Mole Mass
÷ Ma or
x NA
Mr
x ÷
22.4dm3 22.4dm3
Volum
e
Chemical formulae
Emperical formula shows the simplest ratio of atoms of the element that
combine to form the compound.
Molecular formula shows the actual number of actions of element that
combine to form compound.
Example 1
The table below shows the mass of metal M and chlorine that combine to
form a compound. Determine the empirical formula of this compound
Element M Cl
Mass of the element 2.08 g 4.26g
r.m.m 52 35.5
Solution
Element M Cl
Mass 2.08 g 4.26 g
No of moles 2.08 = 0.04 4.26 = 0.12
52 35.5
Step1: write the correct formulae of the reactants on the left side equation
Step2: write the correct formulae of the products on the right side
equation
Step3: balance the equation. Never alter the formulae of the compound