Waves & Oscillations

Where there is Wave there is Oscillation

Where there is Oscillation there is Wave
Motion is the common factor of Waves & Oscillations.

IU
U
Motion

S,
IN
Periodic Motion Aperiodic Motion

,
ad
As
Linear Motion
an
am

Circular/Rotational
Motion
z
uz
ad

Oscillatory/Vibrational
Motion
As
M

Rota-
Vibratory/Rotational-
Vibrational Motion

In a gross below are the total types of motion:

 Motion

IU
Rota-
Circular/Rotational Oscillatory/Vibrational
Linear Motion Vibratory/Rotationa- Aperiodic Motion
Motion Motion
Vibrational Motion

U
S,
Periodic Motion:

IN
When a particle moves from one place to another at a set interval of time, then that motion is
called Periodic Motion.

,
ad
Sine Wave
As
1

0.8

0.6
an

0.4
am

0.2

0
0PI 1PI 2PI 3PI 4PI 5PI 6PI 7PI 8PI 9PI 10PI
-0.2
z

-0.4
uz

-0.6
ad

-0.8

-1
As

Pic: Periodic Wave

Types:
M

1. Linear Motion: When a particle is moving in a straight path, the motion is linear
motion. Example: A car moving from left to right in a straight path, The average motion
of a train, The average motion of a rocket, Motion of a bullet shot from a gun, Projection
of laser light, Motion of falling body, etc.
 IU
U
Pic: Car moving on a straight path

S,
IN
2. Circular/Rotational Motion: When a particle is moving in a circular path, the
motion is said to be Circular/Rotational Motion. Example: Motion of the hands of a clock,

,
Motion of a wheel, Motion of Earth/a planet around the Sun, etc.

ad
As
an
z am
uz

Pic: Motion of a wheel

ad
As
M

3. Oscillatory/Vibrational Motion: When particles are moving to and fro or up

and down towards a mean point, then the motion is said to be Oscillatory/Vibrational
Motion. Example: Motion of a spring, String of a guitar when plucked, Motion of simple
pendulum, Motion of the pistons of a car engine, Motion of a tuning fork, etc.
 IU
U
Pic: Tuning fork

S,
IN
4. Rota-Vibratory/Rotational-Vibrational Motion: When the particles are
moving under the influence of both rotational and circular motion, the overall motion is

,
ad
called Rota-Vibratory/Rotational-Vibrational Motion. Example: Motion of an electric
motor, Earth’s motion towards the Sun, Drilling on wall, Precision of a spinning top, etc.
As
an
z am
uz

Pic: Earth’s rotation towards the sun

ad

Aperiodic Motion:
As

When particles are moving in indefinite interval of time, then it is called Aperiodic Motion.
Example: DHM(Damped Harmonic Motion), Tornedo, Storms, Dissipating motion, Frictional
Motion, Air flow, Earthquake, etc.
M
 DHM
1

0.8

0.6

0.4

IU
0.2

U
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
-0.2

S,
-0.4

-0.6

IN
-0.8

-1

,
ad
Pic: Aperiodic Wave
As
an
z am
uz
ad
As
M