0001 Codebook PDF

ICPSR 35478 General Social Survey, 2012
Merged Data, Including a Cultural

Module [United States]
Tom W. Smith
National Opinion Research Center. National
Data Program for the Social Sciences
Peter V. Marsden
Michael Hout
Codebook
Inter-university Consortium for

Political and Social Research
P.O. Box 1248
Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106
www.icpsr.umich.edu
Terms of Use
The terms of use for this study can be found at:
http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/ICPSR/studies/35478/terms
Information about Copyrighted Content

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in part contents from copyrighted instruments. Reproductions of the instruments are
provided as documentation for the analysis of the data associated with this collection.
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ICPSR CODEBOOK NOTES FOR #35478
General Social Survey, 2012 Merged Data, Including a Cultural Module [United States]
1) Users are strongly encouraged to read more about the General Social Survey on the
NORC Web site (www3.norc.org/GSS+Website).
2) Please note that Appendices A-V in the GSS Cumulative Codebook are also included in
the ICPSR Codebook.
3) According to the National Opinion Research Center (NORC), the panel cases for
variables VPSU and VSTRAT were coded -1 “Inapplicable” because they were not
sampled in 2010. They were originally sampled in previous years and re-interviewed in
2012.
4) The following weight variables are available to use for online analysis for GSS 2012:
WTCOMB and WTCOMBNR. Variable WTCOMB should be used for both cross-section
and the panel cases combined. Variable WTCOMBNR should be used for both cross-
section and the panel cases combined, adjusting for non-respondents. To analyze the
GSS 2012 data with other weights, users need to download data files for this data
collection. Also, users should to refer to Appendix A of the ICPSR Codebook for
additional details about weighting.
5) SAMPLE, JEW, and COLDEG1: In the data file, these variables had undocumented
values. Therefore, these undocumented values have been named “Unlabeled”.
6) The values used for responses “Inapplicable,” “Don’t know,” and “Refused” differ
throughout the data collection because it follows the questionnaire. Users may use their
discretion to standardize these codes for their own use.
7) Variables OTHER, OTH16, SPOTHER, SPOTH16, and RDSCBBL contain some values
with duplicate value labels. Users may manipulate the data according to their
preferences.
8) Some value labels may be abbreviated for some variables (e.g., OTHER and OTH16).
Please refer the GSS Cumulative Codebook in the ICPSR Codebook for the full version
of value labels.
ICPSR 35478
General Social Survey, 2012 Merged Data, Including a Cultural
Module [United States]
Variable Description and Frequencies
Note: Frequencies displayed for the variables are not

weighted. They are purely descriptive and may not be
representative of the study population. Please review any
sampling or weighting information available with the study.
Summary statistics (minimum, maximum, mean, median, and

standard deviation) may not be available for every variable in
the codebook. Conversely, a listing of frequencies in table
format may not be present for every variable in the codebook
either. However, all variables in the dataset are present and
display sufficient information about each variable. These
decisions are made intentionally and are at the discretion of
the archive producing this codebook.
-1-
YEAR: GSS YEAR FOR THIS RESPONDENT
GSS year for this respondent
Value Label Unweighted %

Frequency
2012 - 4820 100.0 %

Total 4,820 100%
Based upon 4,820 valid cases out of 4,820 total cases.
• Mean: 2012.00
• Median: 2012.00
• Mode: 2012.00
• Minimum: 2012.00
• Maximum: 2012.00
• Standard Deviation: 0.00
Location: 1-4 (width: 4; decimal: 0)

Variable Type: numeric
ID: RESPONDENT ID NUMBER

Respondent ID number

INTID: INTERVIEWER ID
Frequency
1 - 54 1.1 %
2 - 4 0.1 %
3 - 37 0.8 %
4 - 17 0.4 %
5 - 22 0.5 %
6 - 37 0.8 %
7 - 83 1.7 %
8 - 15 0.3 %
9 - 3 0.1 %
10 - 21 0.4 %
11 - 20 0.4 %
12 - 55 1.1 %
13 - 5 0.1 %
14 - 38 0.8 %
15 - 8 0.2 %
-2-
Frequency
16 - 23 0.5 %
17 - 15 0.3 %
18 - 40 0.8 %
19 - 27 0.6 %
20 - 28 0.6 %
21 - 27 0.6 %
22 - 9 0.2 %
23 - 36 0.7 %
24 - 31 0.6 %
25 - 17 0.4 %
26 - 47 1.0 %
27 - 29 0.6 %
28 - 24 0.5 %
29 - 43 0.9 %
30 - 19 0.4 %
31 - 2 0.0 %
32 - 37 0.8 %
33 - 7 0.1 %
34 - 30 0.6 %
35 - 5 0.1 %
36 - 10 0.2 %
37 - 4 0.1 %
38 - 34 0.7 %
39 - 5 0.1 %
40 - 26 0.5 %
41 - 29 0.6 %
42 - 1 0.0 %
43 - 19 0.4 %
44 - 35 0.7 %
45 - 31 0.6 %
46 - 16 0.3 %
47 - 24 0.5 %
48 - 18 0.4 %
49 - 21 0.4 %
50 - 12 0.2 %
51 - 13 0.3 %
52 - 19 0.4 %
53 - 2 0.0 %
54 - 14 0.3 %
-3-
Frequency
55 - 4 0.1 %
56 - 41 0.9 %
57 - 54 1.1 %
58 - 13 0.3 %
59 - 3 0.1 %
60 - 14 0.3 %
61 - 17 0.4 %
62 - 30 0.6 %
63 - 15 0.3 %
64 - 7 0.1 %
65 - 17 0.4 %
66 - 35 0.7 %
67 - 9 0.2 %
68 - 34 0.7 %
69 - 1 0.0 %
70 - 14 0.3 %
71 - 18 0.4 %
72 - 29 0.6 %
73 - 30 0.6 %
74 - 1 0.0 %
75 - 34 0.7 %
76 - 7 0.1 %
77 - 30 0.6 %
78 - 24 0.5 %
79 - 10 0.2 %
80 - 23 0.5 %
81 - 34 0.7 %
82 - 6 0.1 %
83 - 3 0.1 %
84 - 26 0.5 %
85 - 15 0.3 %
86 - 22 0.5 %
87 - 33 0.7 %
88 - 12 0.2 %
89 - 33 0.7 %
90 - 21 0.4 %
91 - 34 0.7 %
92 - 33 0.7 %
93 - 22 0.5 %
-4-
Frequency
94 - 14 0.3 %
95 - 33 0.7 %
96 - 31 0.6 %
97 - 59 1.2 %
98 - 2 0.0 %
99 - 6 0.1 %
100 - 18 0.4 %
0 Inapplicable 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
Please note that only the first 100 response categories are displayed in the PDF codebook. To view all response categories, please
analyze the data file in the statistical package of your choice (SAS, SPSS, Stata, R).
• Mean: 109.97
• Median: 107.00
• Mode: 119.00
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 236.00

(Range of) Missing Values: 0
FEEUSED: FEE GIVEN TO GET CASE

Was a respondent incentive or fee used as part of getting this case?
Notes: Remarks: See FEELEVEL for amount of monetary fee paid.

Frequency
1 Yes, money 3193 66.2 %

2 Yes, other (flowers, food, etc.) 41 0.9 %
3 No 1554 32.2 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 22 0.5 %
9 No answer 10 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

-5-
(Range of) Missing Values: 0 , 8 , 9
FEELEVEL: AMOUNT OF FEES PAID

Amount of Fees Paid

Frequency
10 - 3 0.1 %
15 - 2 0.0 %
20 - 983 20.4 %
25 - 46 1.0 %
30 - 53 1.1 %
35 - 3 0.1 %
40 - 167 3.5 %
45 - 2 0.0 %
50 - 1043 21.6 %
51 - 1 0.0 %
60 - 15 0.3 %
65 - 1 0.0 %
70 - 7 0.1 %
75 $75+ 867 18.0 %
Missing Data
998 Don't know 0 0.0 %
999 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 46.36
• Median: 50.00
• Mode: 50.00
• Minimum: 10.00
• Maximum: 75.00

DATEINTV: DATE OF INTERVIEW

Date of interview.
Notes: Remarks: This variable consists of the month and date on which the interview was conducted.

Frequency
319 - 1 0.0 %
-6-
Frequency
320 - 8 0.2 %
321 - 10 0.2 %
322 - 26 0.5 %
323 - 24 0.5 %
324 - 25 0.5 %
325 - 30 0.6 %
326 - 42 0.9 %
327 - 73 1.5 %
328 - 60 1.2 %
329 - 70 1.5 %
330 - 68 1.4 %
331 - 61 1.3 %
401 - 45 0.9 %
402 - 84 1.7 %
403 - 73 1.5 %
404 - 69 1.4 %
405 - 62 1.3 %
406 - 54 1.1 %
407 - 61 1.3 %
408 - 4 0.1 %
409 - 74 1.5 %
410 - 79 1.6 %
411 - 65 1.3 %
412 - 92 1.9 %
413 - 77 1.6 %
414 - 69 1.4 %
415 - 41 0.9 %
416 - 70 1.5 %
417 - 47 1.0 %
418 - 69 1.4 %
419 - 65 1.3 %
420 - 42 0.9 %
421 - 58 1.2 %
422 - 39 0.8 %
423 - 68 1.4 %
424 - 48 1.0 %
425 - 50 1.0 %
426 - 48 1.0 %
427 - 52 1.1 %
-7-
Frequency
428 - 57 1.2 %
429 - 34 0.7 %
430 - 47 1.0 %
501 - 72 1.5 %
502 - 53 1.1 %
503 - 55 1.1 %
504 - 43 0.9 %
505 - 43 0.9 %
506 - 34 0.7 %
507 - 45 0.9 %
508 - 54 1.1 %
509 - 52 1.1 %
510 - 43 0.9 %
511 - 40 0.8 %
512 - 48 1.0 %
513 - 14 0.3 %
514 - 36 0.7 %
515 - 45 0.9 %
516 - 37 0.8 %
517 - 38 0.8 %
518 - 44 0.9 %
519 - 41 0.9 %
520 - 35 0.7 %
521 - 44 0.9 %
522 - 56 1.2 %
523 - 46 1.0 %
524 - 41 0.9 %
525 - 28 0.6 %
526 - 36 0.7 %
527 - 21 0.4 %
528 - 23 0.5 %
529 - 21 0.4 %
530 - 13 0.3 %
531 - 16 0.3 %
601 - 9 0.2 %
602 - 14 0.3 %
603 - 15 0.3 %
604 - 11 0.2 %
605 - 9 0.2 %
-8-
Frequency
606 - 16 0.3 %
607 - 19 0.4 %
608 - 10 0.2 %
609 - 23 0.5 %
610 - 9 0.2 %
611 - 23 0.5 %
612 - 33 0.7 %
613 - 25 0.5 %
614 - 22 0.5 %
615 - 22 0.5 %
616 - 23 0.5 %
617 - 9 0.2 %
618 - 31 0.6 %
619 - 32 0.7 %
620 - 29 0.6 %
621 - 22 0.5 %
622 - 26 0.5 %
623 - 19 0.4 %
624 - 11 0.2 %
625 - 33 0.7 %
626 - 27 0.6 %
9999 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 507.90
• Median: 503.00
• Mode: 412.00
• Minimum: 319.00
• Maximum: 905.00

(Range of) Missing Values: 0 , 9999
LNGTHINV: HOW LONG WAS INTERVIEW

How long was interview
Notes: Remarks: Time is coded in minutes
-9-
Frequency
30 30 min or less 35 0.7 %

31 - 1 0.0 %
39 - 1 0.0 %
41 - 1 0.0 %
42 - 1 0.0 %
43 - 2 0.0 %
44 - 1 0.0 %
45 - 2 0.0 %
46 - 3 0.1 %
47 - 1 0.0 %
49 - 3 0.1 %
50 - 1 0.0 %
51 - 6 0.1 %
52 - 8 0.2 %
53 - 8 0.2 %
54 - 5 0.1 %
55 - 8 0.2 %
56 - 12 0.2 %
57 - 13 0.3 %
58 - 13 0.3 %
59 - 16 0.3 %
60 - 21 0.4 %
61 - 16 0.3 %
62 - 21 0.4 %
63 - 20 0.4 %
64 - 32 0.7 %
65 - 26 0.5 %
66 - 31 0.6 %
67 - 40 0.8 %
68 - 33 0.7 %
69 - 44 0.9 %
70 - 36 0.7 %
71 - 36 0.7 %
72 - 58 1.2 %
73 - 51 1.1 %
74 - 55 1.1 %
75 - 40 0.8 %
76 - 55 1.1 %
77 - 53 1.1 %
- 10 -
Frequency
78 - 55 1.1 %
79 - 64 1.3 %
80 - 85 1.8 %
81 - 66 1.4 %
82 - 85 1.8 %
83 - 57 1.2 %
84 - 101 2.1 %
85 - 81 1.7 %
86 - 78 1.6 %
87 - 69 1.4 %
88 - 70 1.5 %
89 - 81 1.7 %
90 - 74 1.5 %
91 - 97 2.0 %
92 - 77 1.6 %
93 - 72 1.5 %
94 - 95 2.0 %
95 - 81 1.7 %
96 - 75 1.6 %
97 - 73 1.5 %
98 - 88 1.8 %
99 - 70 1.5 %
100 - 63 1.3 %
101 - 80 1.7 %
102 - 75 1.6 %
103 - 66 1.4 %
104 - 76 1.6 %
105 - 72 1.5 %
106 - 58 1.2 %
107 - 55 1.1 %
108 - 64 1.3 %
109 - 64 1.3 %
110 - 54 1.1 %
111 - 57 1.2 %
112 - 45 0.9 %
113 - 60 1.2 %
114 - 65 1.3 %
115 - 59 1.2 %
116 - 48 1.0 %
- 11 -
Frequency
117 - 47 1.0 %
118 - 43 0.9 %
119 - 49 1.0 %
120 - 51 1.1 %
121 - 43 0.9 %
122 - 30 0.6 %
123 - 37 0.8 %
124 - 43 0.9 %
125 - 40 0.8 %
126 - 28 0.6 %
127 - 23 0.5 %
128 - 25 0.5 %
129 - 33 0.7 %
130 - 36 0.7 %
131 - 34 0.7 %
132 - 29 0.6 %
133 - 28 0.6 %
134 - 29 0.6 %
135 - 30 0.6 %
136 - 20 0.4 %
137 - 11 0.2 %
138 - 16 0.3 %
998 Don't know 0 0.0 %
999 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 103.25
• Median: 98.00
• Mode: 200.00
• Minimum: 30.00
• Maximum: 200.00

INTAGE: AGE OF INTERVIEWER
- 12 -
Age of interviewer
Notes: Remarks: Age is coded in years

Frequency
25 25 years old 24 0.5 %

28 - 7 0.1 %
29 - 16 0.3 %
30 - 43 0.9 %
32 - 80 1.7 %
33 - 2 0.0 %
34 - 9 0.2 %
36 - 31 0.6 %
37 - 81 1.7 %
38 - 33 0.7 %
39 - 105 2.2 %
40 - 54 1.1 %
41 - 35 0.7 %
42 - 120 2.5 %
43 - 36 0.7 %
44 - 34 0.7 %
45 - 140 2.9 %
46 - 124 2.6 %
47 - 47 1.0 %
48 - 104 2.2 %
49 - 97 2.0 %
50 - 224 4.6 %
51 - 206 4.3 %
52 - 134 2.8 %
53 - 128 2.7 %
54 - 108 2.2 %
55 - 172 3.6 %
56 - 328 6.8 %
57 - 183 3.8 %
58 - 208 4.3 %
59 - 139 2.9 %
60 - 185 3.8 %
61 - 76 1.6 %
62 - 248 5.1 %
63 - 97 2.0 %
64 - 19 0.4 %
65 - 258 5.4 %
- 13 -
Frequency
66 - 174 3.6 %
67 - 158 3.3 %
68 - 87 1.8 %
69 - 167 3.5 %
70 - 103 2.1 %
72 - 14 0.3 %
73 - 42 0.9 %
74 - 22 0.5 %
75 - 64 1.3 %
76 - 18 0.4 %
79 - 17 0.4 %
81 - 18 0.4 %
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 55.40
• Median: 56.00
• Mode: 56.00
• Minimum: 25.00
• Maximum: 81.00

INTETHN: RACE OF INTERVIEWER

Race/ethnicity of interviewer

Frequency
1 White 3627 75.2 %

2 Black 611 12.7 %
3 Hispanic 171 3.5 %
4 Asian 0 0.0 %
5 Two or more race 396 8.2 %
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
- 14 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

MODE: INTERVIEW DONE IN-PERSON OR OVER THE PHONE

Interview done in-person or over the phone

Frequency
1 In-person 4047 84.0 %

2 Over the phone 764 15.9 %
3 Combination in-person/phone 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 1 0.0 %
9 No answer 8 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

INTSEX: SEX OF INTERVIEWER

Sex of interviewer

Frequency
1 Male 889 18.4 %

2 Female 3930 81.5 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00
- 15 -
INTYRS: YEARS OF SERVICE AS AN INTERVIEWER AT NORC

Years of service as an interviewer at NORC

Frequency
0 - 1014 21.0 %
1 - 177 3.7 %
2 - 1209 25.1 %
3 - 361 7.5 %
4 - 296 6.1 %
5 - 112 2.3 %
6 - 258 5.4 %
7 - 234 4.9 %
8 - 537 11.1 %
9 - 106 2.2 %
10 - 148 3.1 %
11 - 121 2.5 %
12 - 37 0.8 %
14 - 26 0.5 %
15 - 40 0.8 %
17 - 68 1.4 %
19 - 61 1.3 %
23 - 14 0.3 %
Missing Data
-1 Inapplicable 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 4.30
• Median: 3.00
• Mode: 2.00
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 23.00

(Range of) Missing Values: -1 , 99
CONSENT: PARTICIPATION/RECORDING CONSENT
The following topics may be sensitive for you, and you
- 16 -
can decline to answer any question. Most participants find the survey
to be interesting with a chance to talk about things that matter to
them. Which questions are asked depends upon your answers to other
questions. The interview takes from about 60 to 90 minutes for most
people.
(IF NEEDED: We can break up the interview into different sections if

that will make it easier for you.)
Your participation is voluntary. However, all information that you

provide will be kept in strict confidence. It is important to us to
protect your privacy. All participants' answers are combined, and
presented in the form of summary statistics, such as tables and
graphs.
Parts of this interview may be recorded for quality control purposes.

This will not compromise the strict confidentiality of your responses.
May I continue with the recording?

Frequency
1 R consents to recording interview 4260 88.4 %

2 R consents to partcipate in the survey but does not want to be recorded 560 11.6 %
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

BALLOT: BALLOT USED FOR INTERVIEW

Ballot Administered.
Notes: Remarks: See Appendix Q.

Frequency
1 Ballot A 1562 32.4 %

2 Ballot B 1669 34.6 %
3 Ballot C 1589 33.0 %
4 Ballot D 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 17 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

VERSION: VERSION OF QUESTIONNAIRE

Version Administered.
Notes: Remarks: In 1994 there were 9 versions of the questionnaire. Versions 1-6 were administered to random 1/12ths of the
sample. Versions 7-9 were administered to random 1/6ths of the sample. Sample A was comprised of Version 1-6 in 1994 and 1-3
in 1996-2002. Sample B was made up of Versions 7-9 in 1994 and 4-6 in 1996-2002. In 2006 there was a version 7. It did not
follow the standard rotation pattern. See Appendix Q.

Frequency
1 - 1562 32.4 %
2 - 1669 34.6 %
3 - 1589 33.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 2.01
• Median: 2.00
• Mode: 2.00
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

PHASE: SUBSAMPLING: TWO-PHASE DESIGN.

Subsampling: two-phase design.

Frequency
1 Phase one - initial cases 4332 89.9 %

2 Phase two - sub sampled cases 488 10.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

- 18 -
SPANSELF: IF THIS INTERVIEW HAD ONLY BEEN AVAILABLE IN ENGLISH, WOULD YOU?
If this interview had only been available in English, would you...

Frequency
1 Have been able to do the interview easily in English 13 0.3 %

2 Have been able to do the interview with difficulty 36 0.7 %
3 Not have been able to do the interview 113 2.3 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
Based upon 162 valid cases out of 4,820 total cases.
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

SPANINT: IF NO SPANISH, R COULD HAVE BEEN INTERVIEWED IN ENGLISH

Before 2006 the GSS was only administered in English. Those without enough English to do the interview were excluded as out-of-
scope, language problems. In 2006 a Spanish version of the GSS was added. If there had been no Spanish version available in
2006, could this respondent have been interviewed in English or do you think (s/he) would have been excluded as a language
problem?

Frequency
1 Could have been interviewed in English 15 0.3 %

2 Would have been excluded as language problem 143 3.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 8 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

SPANENG: INTERVIEWS CONDUCTED IN SPANISH OR ENGLISH
- 19 -
Interviews Conducted in Spanish or English
Notes: Remarks: Starting in 2006 interviews were conducted in Spanish as well as English. Because the support for adding
Spanish interviews came so late in the development of the 2006 survey, it was possible only to translate and administer those
sections funded by the core GSS grant. Thus, supplemental modules in 2006 were administered only to English speakers, as
previously. Starting in 2008 all sections will be fielded in both English and Spanish.

Frequency
1 English 4655 96.6 %

2 Spanish 165 3.4 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

SAMPTYPE: SAMPLE TYPE

There are a total of 4,820 cases in GSS 2012 but their initial sampling years vary because GSS now contains panel cases. The
cross-section cases sampled in 2012 and related variables were already released, but it left out panel cases and variables not
asked of the cross-section cases. This file has merged those crosssection cases and variables in GSS 2012 with the panel cases
and additional variables not previously released. Sample types can be identified with this variable.

Frequency
2008 Panel cases originally interviewed in 2008 1295 26.9 %

2010 Panel cases originally interviewed in 2010 1551 32.2 %
2012 Cross-section cases newly interviewed in 2012 1974 41.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 2008.00
• Maximum: 2012.00

(Range of) Missing Values: -1
WRKSTAT: LABOR FORCE STATUS
Last week were you working full time, part time, going to
school, keeping house, or what?
Added text: CODE ONE ONLY. IF MORE THAN ONE RESPONSE, GIVE PREFERENCE
TO FIRST HANDCARD CODE.
- 20 -
Notes: Remarks: Card AU contained responses for punches 1 through 8.

Frequency
1 Working full-time 2239 46.5 %

2 Working part-time 550 11.4 %
3 Temporary, not working 94 2.0 %
4 Unemployed, laid off 247 5.1 %
5 Retired 921 19.1 %
6 School 130 2.7 %
7 Keeping house 499 10.4 %
8 Other 138 2.9 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 2 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 8.00

HRS1: NUMBER OF HOURS WORKED LAST WEEK

How many hours did you work last week, at all jobs?
Notes: Remarks: See Appendix L: Hours worked, for detailed distribution and explanation. See Appendix U for the years or surveys
that included this item. If planning to perform trend analysis with WRKSTAT, please consult GSS Methodological Report No. 56.

Frequency
1 - 9 0.2 %
2 - 2 0.0 %
3 - 1 0.0 %
4 - 10 0.2 %
5 - 10 0.2 %
6 - 6 0.1 %
7 - 5 0.1 %
8 - 19 0.4 %
9 - 95 2.0 %
10 - 20 0.4 %
11 - 2 0.0 %
12 - 20 0.4 %
13 - 5 0.1 %
- 21 -
Frequency
14 - 5 0.1 %
15 - 32 0.7 %
16 - 24 0.5 %
17 - 3 0.1 %
18 - 8 0.2 %
19 - 3 0.1 %
20 - 104 2.2 %
21 - 7 0.1 %
22 - 9 0.2 %
23 - 2 0.0 %
24 - 30 0.6 %
25 - 50 1.0 %
26 - 9 0.2 %
27 - 9 0.2 %
28 - 13 0.3 %
29 - 2 0.0 %
30 - 105 2.2 %
31 - 6 0.1 %
32 - 69 1.4 %
33 - 8 0.2 %
34 - 10 0.2 %
35 - 84 1.7 %
36 - 50 1.0 %
37 - 36 0.7 %
38 - 43 0.9 %
39 - 9 0.2 %
40 - 831 17.2 %
41 - 15 0.3 %
42 - 39 0.8 %
43 - 17 0.4 %
44 - 35 0.7 %
45 - 149 3.1 %
46 - 29 0.6 %
47 - 11 0.2 %
48 - 66 1.4 %
49 - 3 0.1 %
50 - 219 4.5 %
51 - 3 0.1 %
52 - 25 0.5 %
- 22 -
Frequency
53 - 6 0.1 %
54 - 1 0.0 %
55 - 84 1.7 %
56 - 18 0.4 %
57 - 9 0.2 %
58 - 11 0.2 %
59 - 2 0.0 %
60 - 166 3.4 %
62 - 8 0.2 %
63 - 3 0.1 %
64 - 4 0.1 %
65 - 30 0.6 %
66 - 1 0.0 %
67 - 3 0.1 %
68 - 9 0.2 %
70 - 51 1.1 %
72 - 9 0.2 %
74 - 1 0.0 %
75 - 6 0.1 %
77 - 2 0.0 %
80 - 27 0.6 %
82 - 1 0.0 %
85 - 3 0.1 %
86 - 2 0.0 %
89 - 21 0.4 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 2 0.0 %
99 No answer 29 0.6 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 40.26
• Median: 40.00
• Mode: 40.00
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 89.00

(Range of) Missing Values: -1 , 98 , 99
- 23 -
HRS2: NUMBER OF HOURS USUALLY WORK A WEEK
How many hours a week do you usually work, at all jobs?

Frequency
9 - 13 0.3 %
12 - 2 0.0 %
15 - 2 0.0 %
16 - 1 0.0 %
18 - 1 0.0 %
20 - 2 0.0 %
22 - 1 0.0 %
24 - 1 0.0 %
25 - 4 0.1 %
28 - 1 0.0 %
30 - 3 0.1 %
32 - 2 0.0 %
35 - 7 0.1 %
36 - 1 0.0 %
37 - 1 0.0 %
38 - 1 0.0 %
40 - 32 0.7 %
43 - 1 0.0 %
45 - 3 0.1 %
48 - 2 0.0 %
50 - 5 0.1 %
55 - 1 0.0 %
60 - 5 0.1 %
70 - 1 0.0 %
80 - 1 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 34.45
• Median: 40.00
• Mode: 40.00
• Minimum: 9.00
• Maximum: 80.00
- 24 -

EVWORK: EVER WORK AS LONG AS ONE YEAR

Did you ever work for as long as one year?
Notes: Remarks: Contents of WRKSTAT, punch 8 (Other, SPECIFY) available from NORC. Card A contained responses for
punches 1 through 8. Responses greater than 89 in parts A and B were coded 89. See Appendix N for changes across surveys.

Frequency
1 Yes 1560 32.4 %

2 No 131 2.7 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 2 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

WRKSLF: R SELF-EMPLOYED OR WORKS FOR SOMEBODY

Respondent's Employment Status

Frequency
1 Self-employed 512 10.6 %

2 Someone else 4173 86.6 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 2 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

- 25 -
WRKGOVT: GOVERNMENT OR PRIVATE EMPLOYEE

(Are/were) you employed by the federal, state, or local government or by a private employer (including non-profit organizations)?

Frequency
1 Government 916 19.0 %

2 Private 3687 76.5 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 60 1.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

OCC10: RS CENSUS OCCUPATION CODE (2010)

Respondent's occupation
Notes: Remarks: OCC10 and INDUS10 are coded using the U.S. Bureau of the Census occupation (2010) and industry codes
(NAICS 2007). See Appendices F-H for full details and distributions.

Frequency
10 - 23 0.5 %
20 - 47 1.0 %
40 - 2 0.0 %
50 - 24 0.5 %
60 - 1 0.0 %
100 - 6 0.1 %
110 - 13 0.3 %
120 - 35 0.7 %
136 - 10 0.2 %
137 - 3 0.1 %
140 - 8 0.2 %
150 - 7 0.1 %
160 - 10 0.2 %
205 - 24 0.5 %
220 - 32 0.7 %
- 26 -
Frequency
230 - 33 0.7 %
300 - 3 0.1 %
310 - 22 0.5 %
330 - 2 0.0 %
340 - 5 0.1 %
350 - 22 0.5 %
400 - 1 0.0 %
410 - 21 0.4 %
420 - 10 0.2 %
430 - 94 2.0 %
500 - 3 0.1 %
510 - 1 0.0 %
520 - 3 0.1 %
530 - 11 0.2 %
540 - 10 0.2 %
565 - 4 0.1 %
600 - 1 0.0 %
630 - 17 0.4 %
640 - 1 0.0 %
650 - 3 0.1 %
700 - 1 0.0 %
710 - 35 0.7 %
725 - 3 0.1 %
726 - 1 0.0 %
735 - 5 0.1 %
740 - 12 0.2 %
800 - 53 1.1 %
810 - 3 0.1 %
820 - 1 0.0 %
830 - 1 0.0 %
840 - 5 0.1 %
850 - 5 0.1 %
860 - 4 0.1 %
910 - 7 0.1 %
930 - 3 0.1 %
940 - 8 0.2 %
950 - 2 0.0 %
1006 - 14 0.3 %
1007 - 1 0.0 %
- 27 -
Frequency
1010 - 11 0.2 %
1020 - 33 0.7 %
1030 - 4 0.1 %
1050 - 14 0.3 %
1060 - 4 0.1 %
1105 - 10 0.2 %
1106 - 3 0.1 %
1107 - 6 0.1 %
1220 - 3 0.1 %
1300 - 7 0.1 %
1310 - 2 0.0 %
1320 - 3 0.1 %
1350 - 2 0.0 %
1360 - 10 0.2 %
1400 - 2 0.0 %
1410 - 8 0.2 %
1420 - 2 0.0 %
1430 - 14 0.3 %
1450 - 1 0.0 %
1460 - 11 0.2 %
1500 - 1 0.0 %
1510 - 1 0.0 %
1530 - 6 0.1 %
1540 - 4 0.1 %
1550 - 11 0.2 %
1560 - 2 0.0 %
1600 - 2 0.0 %
1610 - 5 0.1 %
1640 - 2 0.0 %
1650 - 9 0.2 %
1720 - 2 0.0 %
1740 - 7 0.1 %
1760 - 3 0.1 %
1800 - 2 0.0 %
1820 - 4 0.1 %
1900 - 1 0.0 %
1910 - 1 0.0 %
1920 - 2 0.0 %
1965 - 1 0.0 %
- 28 -
Frequency
2000 - 25 0.5 %
2010 - 29 0.6 %
2015 - 2 0.0 %
2016 - 2 0.0 %
2025 - 4 0.1 %
2040 - 15 0.3 %
2050 - 1 0.0 %
Missing Data
9998 Don't know 0 0.0 %
9999 No answer 67 1.4 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 4337.64
• Minimum: 10.00
• Maximum: 9810.00

INDUS10: RS INDUSTRY CODE (NAICS 2007)

Respondent's industry
Notes: Remarks: OCC10 and INDUS10 are coded using the U.S. Bureau of the Census occupation (2010) and industry codes

Frequency
170 - 26 0.5 %
180 - 28 0.6 %
190 - 2 0.0 %
270 - 9 0.2 %
280 - 5 0.1 %
290 - 3 0.1 %
370 - 1 0.0 %
390 - 3 0.1 %
470 - 4 0.1 %
490 - 7 0.1 %
570 - 22 0.5 %
- 29 -
Frequency
580 - 3 0.1 %
590 - 7 0.1 %
670 - 7 0.1 %
680 - 3 0.1 %
770 - 263 5.5 %
1070 - 1 0.0 %
1080 - 4 0.1 %
1090 - 5 0.1 %
1170 - 2 0.0 %
1180 - 21 0.4 %
1190 - 4 0.1 %
1270 - 7 0.1 %
1280 - 4 0.1 %
1290 - 11 0.2 %
1370 - 8 0.2 %
1390 - 3 0.1 %
1470 - 2 0.0 %
1480 - 6 0.1 %
1570 - 1 0.0 %
1590 - 5 0.1 %
1670 - 3 0.1 %
1680 - 18 0.4 %
1690 - 1 0.0 %
1770 - 2 0.0 %
1790 - 4 0.1 %
1870 - 5 0.1 %
1880 - 3 0.1 %
1990 - 24 0.5 %
2070 - 6 0.1 %
2090 - 1 0.0 %
2170 - 3 0.1 %
2190 - 16 0.3 %
2270 - 3 0.1 %
2280 - 3 0.1 %
2290 - 12 0.2 %
2370 - 9 0.2 %
2380 - 3 0.1 %
2390 - 4 0.1 %
2490 - 6 0.1 %
- 30 -
Frequency
2570 - 6 0.1 %
2590 - 2 0.0 %
2670 - 12 0.2 %
2680 - 8 0.2 %
2690 - 4 0.1 %
2770 - 5 0.1 %
2780 - 1 0.0 %
2790 - 2 0.0 %
2870 - 15 0.3 %
2880 - 1 0.0 %
2890 - 3 0.1 %
2970 - 1 0.0 %
2980 - 11 0.2 %
2990 - 2 0.0 %
3070 - 4 0.1 %
3080 - 5 0.1 %
3090 - 3 0.1 %
3170 - 4 0.1 %
3180 - 1 0.0 %
3190 - 20 0.4 %
3290 - 1 0.0 %
3360 - 13 0.3 %
3370 - 5 0.1 %
3380 - 6 0.1 %
3390 - 21 0.4 %
3470 - 3 0.1 %
3490 - 16 0.3 %
3570 - 56 1.2 %
3580 - 6 0.1 %
3590 - 5 0.1 %
3670 - 2 0.0 %
3680 - 6 0.1 %
3690 - 3 0.1 %
3770 - 10 0.2 %
3870 - 4 0.1 %
3890 - 18 0.4 %
3960 - 11 0.2 %
3970 - 7 0.1 %
3980 - 13 0.3 %
- 31 -
Frequency
3990 - 49 1.0 %
4070 - 4 0.1 %
4170 - 6 0.1 %
4260 - 2 0.0 %
4270 - 10 0.2 %
4280 - 3 0.1 %
4290 - 5 0.1 %
4380 - 1 0.0 %
4390 - 1 0.0 %
4470 - 24 0.5 %
4480 - 1 0.0 %
Missing Data
9998 Don't know 0 0.0 %
9999 No answer 60 1.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 6421.53
• Median: 7470.00
• Mode: 7860.00
• Minimum: 170.00
• Maximum: 9790.00

MARITAL: MARITAL STATUS

Are you currently--married, widowed, divorced, separated, or have you never been married?

Frequency
1 Married 2255 46.8 %

2 Widowed 404 8.4 %
3 Divorced 798 16.6 %
4 Separated 159 3.3 %
5 Never married 1202 24.9 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 2 0.0 %
- 32 -
Frequency
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

DIVORCE: EVER BEEN DIVORCED OR SEPARATED

Have you ever been divorced or legally separated?

Frequency
1 Yes 663 13.8 %

2 No 1995 41.4 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 3 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

WIDOWED: EVER BEEN WIDOWED

Have you ever been widowed?
Notes: Remarks: See Appendix E: Age distributions, for detailed responses.

Frequency
1 Yes 91 1.9 %
2 No 3121 64.8 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 2 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 33 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

SPWRKSTA: SPOUSE LABOR FORCE STATUS
Last week was your (wife/husband) working full time,

part time, going to school, keeping house, or what?
Added text: CODE ONE ONLY. IF MORE THAN ONE RESPONSE, GIVE PREFERENCE
TO FIRST HANDCARD CODE THAT APPLIES.

Frequency
1 Working full-time 1217 25.2 %

2 Working part-time 218 4.5 %
3 Temporary, not working 46 1.0 %
4 Unemployed, laid off 60 1.2 %
5 Retired 370 7.7 %
6 School 32 0.7 %
7 Keeping house 261 5.4 %
8 Other 45 0.9 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 8 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 8.00

SPHRS1: NUMBER OF HOURS SPOUSE WORKED LAST WEEK

How many hours did (he/she) work last week, at all jobs?

Frequency
1 - 3 0.1 %
3 - 2 0.0 %
4 - 3 0.1 %
- 34 -
Frequency
5 - 1 0.0 %
6 - 8 0.2 %
8 - 6 0.1 %
9 - 4 0.1 %
10 - 16 0.3 %
11 - 1 0.0 %
12 - 8 0.2 %
14 - 2 0.0 %
15 - 6 0.1 %
16 - 10 0.2 %
17 - 2 0.0 %
18 - 3 0.1 %
20 - 44 0.9 %
22 - 3 0.1 %
23 - 2 0.0 %
24 - 14 0.3 %
25 - 25 0.5 %
26 - 4 0.1 %
27 - 1 0.0 %
28 - 2 0.0 %
30 - 47 1.0 %
32 - 28 0.6 %
33 - 1 0.0 %
34 - 2 0.0 %
35 - 30 0.6 %
36 - 21 0.4 %
37 - 8 0.2 %
38 - 15 0.3 %
39 - 3 0.1 %
40 - 582 12.1 %
41 - 2 0.0 %
42 - 8 0.2 %
43 - 7 0.1 %
44 - 16 0.3 %
45 - 73 1.5 %
46 - 5 0.1 %
47 - 2 0.0 %
48 - 16 0.3 %
50 - 166 3.4 %
- 35 -
Frequency
52 - 11 0.2 %
53 - 2 0.0 %
54 - 2 0.0 %
55 - 22 0.5 %
56 - 1 0.0 %
57 - 2 0.0 %
60 - 103 2.1 %
61 - 1 0.0 %
62 - 1 0.0 %
64 - 1 0.0 %
65 - 13 0.3 %
66 - 1 0.0 %
67 - 2 0.0 %
68 - 1 0.0 %
69 - 1 0.0 %
70 - 17 0.4 %
72 - 4 0.1 %
75 - 4 0.1 %
80 - 13 0.3 %
82 - 1 0.0 %
84 - 4 0.1 %
89 - 7 0.1 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 13 0.3 %
99 No answer 14 0.3 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 41.72
• Median: 40.00
• Mode: 40.00
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 89.00

SPHRS2: NUMBER OF HOURS SPOUSE USUALLY WORKS A WEEK

How many hours a week does (he/she) usually work, at all jobs?
- 36 -
Frequency
10 - 1 0.0 %
12 - 1 0.0 %
14 - 1 0.0 %
24 - 1 0.0 %
25 - 1 0.0 %
26 - 1 0.0 %
30 - 3 0.1 %
35 - 2 0.0 %
40 - 18 0.4 %
43 - 1 0.0 %
45 - 1 0.0 %
47 - 1 0.0 %
50 - 3 0.1 %
55 - 2 0.0 %
60 - 3 0.1 %
70 - 1 0.0 %
80 - 1 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
99 No answer 13 0.3 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 40.86
• Median: 40.00
• Mode: 40.00
• Minimum: 10.00
• Maximum: 80.00

SPEVWORK: SPOUSE EVER WORK AS LONG AS A YEAR

Did (he/she) ever work for as long as one year?
Notes: Remarks: See Appendix L: Hours worked, for detailed distribution. See Appendix N for changes across surveys. Contents
of SPWRKSTA, punch 8 (Other, SPECIFY), available from NORC. Card B contained responses for punches 1 through 8. See
Appendix N for changes across surveys.

Frequency
1 Yes 633 13.1 %
- 37 -
Frequency
2 No 80 1.7 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 8 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

SPWRKSLF: SPOUSE SELF-EMPLOYED OR WORKS FOR SOMEBODY

Spouse's employment status

Frequency

Missing Data
9 No answer 7 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

SPOCC10: SPOUSE CENSUS OCCUPATION CODE (2010)

Spouse's industry

Frequency
10 - 23 0.5 %
20 - 15 0.3 %
40 - 2 0.0 %
50 - 25 0.5 %
- 38 -
Frequency
60 - 3 0.1 %
100 - 5 0.1 %
110 - 10 0.2 %
120 - 25 0.5 %
136 - 2 0.0 %
140 - 3 0.1 %
150 - 6 0.1 %
160 - 3 0.1 %
205 - 9 0.2 %
220 - 26 0.5 %
230 - 18 0.4 %
300 - 1 0.0 %
310 - 12 0.2 %
330 - 2 0.0 %
340 - 2 0.0 %
350 - 6 0.1 %
410 - 4 0.1 %
420 - 10 0.2 %
430 - 55 1.1 %
520 - 2 0.0 %
530 - 3 0.1 %
540 - 3 0.1 %
565 - 6 0.1 %
630 - 8 0.2 %
650 - 5 0.1 %
700 - 1 0.0 %
710 - 9 0.2 %
725 - 2 0.0 %
726 - 1 0.0 %
735 - 4 0.1 %
740 - 3 0.1 %
800 - 27 0.6 %
810 - 1 0.0 %
820 - 2 0.0 %
850 - 7 0.1 %
860 - 1 0.0 %
910 - 3 0.1 %
930 - 2 0.0 %
940 - 3 0.1 %
- 39 -
Frequency
1006 - 8 0.2 %
1010 - 11 0.2 %
1020 - 19 0.4 %
1030 - 2 0.0 %
1050 - 6 0.1 %
1060 - 5 0.1 %
1105 - 3 0.1 %
1106 - 2 0.0 %
1107 - 6 0.1 %
1220 - 3 0.1 %
1230 - 1 0.0 %
1300 - 1 0.0 %
1320 - 1 0.0 %
1330 - 1 0.0 %
1350 - 1 0.0 %
1360 - 8 0.2 %
1400 - 2 0.0 %
1410 - 6 0.1 %
1420 - 1 0.0 %
1430 - 6 0.1 %
1460 - 11 0.2 %
1520 - 1 0.0 %
1530 - 4 0.1 %
1540 - 2 0.0 %
1550 - 6 0.1 %
1560 - 1 0.0 %
1610 - 1 0.0 %
1640 - 2 0.0 %
1650 - 1 0.0 %
1720 - 2 0.0 %
1740 - 3 0.1 %
1760 - 3 0.1 %
1820 - 1 0.0 %
1840 - 1 0.0 %
1860 - 1 0.0 %
1900 - 2 0.0 %
1920 - 2 0.0 %
1965 - 1 0.0 %
2000 - 12 0.2 %
- 40 -
Frequency
2010 - 13 0.3 %
2015 - 2 0.0 %
2016 - 2 0.0 %
2025 - 2 0.0 %
2040 - 9 0.2 %
2050 - 2 0.0 %
2060 - 1 0.0 %
2100 - 20 0.4 %
2110 - 1 0.0 %
2145 - 3 0.1 %
2160 - 2 0.0 %
2200 - 25 0.5 %
2300 - 10 0.2 %
2310 - 43 0.9 %
2320 - 25 0.5 %
2330 - 5 0.1 %
2340 - 9 0.2 %
2430 - 3 0.1 %
Missing Data
9998 Don't know 0 0.0 %
9999 No answer 54 1.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 4318.79
• Minimum: 10.00
• Maximum: 9810.00

SPIND10: SPOUSE'S INDUSTRY CODE (NAICS 2007)

Spouse's industry
Notes: Remarks: SPOCC10 and SPIND10 are coded using the U.S. Bureau of the Census occupation (2010) and industry codes
- 41 -
Frequency
170 - 12 0.2 %
180 - 5 0.1 %
190 - 1 0.0 %
270 - 1 0.0 %
280 - 1 0.0 %
290 - 3 0.1 %
370 - 1 0.0 %
480 - 1 0.0 %
490 - 6 0.1 %
570 - 22 0.5 %
580 - 4 0.1 %
670 - 9 0.2 %
680 - 2 0.0 %
690 - 3 0.1 %
770 - 162 3.4 %
1070 - 2 0.0 %
1090 - 4 0.1 %
1170 - 3 0.1 %
1180 - 8 0.2 %
1190 - 3 0.1 %
1270 - 7 0.1 %
1280 - 2 0.0 %
1290 - 2 0.0 %
1370 - 4 0.1 %
1390 - 1 0.0 %
1480 - 5 0.1 %
1670 - 1 0.0 %
1680 - 5 0.1 %
1790 - 3 0.1 %
1870 - 6 0.1 %
1880 - 2 0.0 %
1890 - 1 0.0 %
1990 - 6 0.1 %
2070 - 5 0.1 %
2170 - 3 0.1 %
2180 - 1 0.0 %
2190 - 5 0.1 %
2270 - 1 0.0 %
2280 - 4 0.1 %
- 42 -
Frequency
2290 - 4 0.1 %
2370 - 6 0.1 %
2470 - 1 0.0 %
2490 - 7 0.1 %
2570 - 6 0.1 %
2670 - 7 0.1 %
2680 - 2 0.0 %
2690 - 1 0.0 %
2770 - 2 0.0 %
2790 - 1 0.0 %
2870 - 7 0.1 %
2880 - 3 0.1 %
2980 - 3 0.1 %
2990 - 2 0.0 %
3070 - 2 0.0 %
3080 - 5 0.1 %
3090 - 3 0.1 %
3170 - 5 0.1 %
3180 - 1 0.0 %
3190 - 5 0.1 %
3290 - 1 0.0 %
3360 - 7 0.1 %
3370 - 2 0.0 %
3380 - 5 0.1 %
3390 - 8 0.2 %
3470 - 1 0.0 %
3490 - 4 0.1 %
3570 - 27 0.6 %
3580 - 6 0.1 %
3590 - 6 0.1 %
3670 - 1 0.0 %
3680 - 1 0.0 %
3690 - 2 0.0 %
3770 - 5 0.1 %
3780 - 3 0.1 %
3790 - 1 0.0 %
3870 - 1 0.0 %
3890 - 11 0.2 %
3960 - 11 0.2 %
- 43 -
Frequency
3970 - 5 0.1 %
3980 - 5 0.1 %
3990 - 25 0.5 %
4070 - 2 0.0 %
4080 - 1 0.0 %
4090 - 1 0.0 %
4170 - 2 0.0 %
4190 - 1 0.0 %
4260 - 2 0.0 %
4270 - 4 0.1 %
4280 - 2 0.0 %
4370 - 1 0.0 %
4470 - 14 0.3 %
4480 - 2 0.0 %
4490 - 2 0.0 %
4560 - 2 0.0 %
4585 - 2 0.0 %
4590 - 1 0.0 %
4670 - 15 0.3 %
4680 - 2 0.0 %
4690 - 7 0.1 %
4770 - 6 0.1 %
Missing Data
9998 Don't know 0 0.0 %
9999 No answer 49 1.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 6201.55
• Median: 7285.00
• Mode: 770.00
• Minimum: 170.00
• Maximum: 9790.00

- 44 -
PAWRKSLF: FATHER SELF-EMPLOYED OR WORKED FOR SOMEBODY
Was he self-employed, or did he work for someone else?
Added text: IF ALREADY ANSWERED, CODE WITHOUT ASKING

Frequency

Missing Data
8 Don't know 32 0.7 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

PAOCC10: FATHER'S CENSUS OCCUPATION CODE (2010)

Father's industry

Frequency
10 - 29 0.6 %
20 - 22 0.5 %
40 - 6 0.1 %
50 - 21 0.4 %
100 - 4 0.1 %
110 - 5 0.1 %
120 - 23 0.5 %
136 - 6 0.1 %
140 - 21 0.4 %
150 - 3 0.1 %
160 - 12 0.2 %
205 - 257 5.3 %
220 - 55 1.1 %
230 - 13 0.3 %
300 - 3 0.1 %
- 45 -
Frequency
310 - 25 0.5 %
325 - 2 0.0 %
330 - 1 0.0 %
340 - 1 0.0 %
350 - 2 0.0 %
400 - 8 0.2 %
410 - 8 0.2 %
420 - 2 0.0 %
425 - 1 0.0 %
430 - 102 2.1 %
510 - 1 0.0 %
520 - 4 0.1 %
530 - 9 0.2 %
540 - 4 0.1 %
565 - 6 0.1 %
600 - 2 0.0 %
630 - 8 0.2 %
700 - 1 0.0 %
710 - 4 0.1 %
735 - 2 0.0 %
740 - 4 0.1 %
800 - 34 0.7 %
810 - 4 0.1 %
850 - 4 0.1 %
900 - 1 0.0 %
910 - 8 0.2 %
930 - 3 0.1 %
940 - 1 0.0 %
1005 - 2 0.0 %
1006 - 5 0.1 %
1007 - 1 0.0 %
1010 - 10 0.2 %
1020 - 3 0.1 %
1050 - 2 0.0 %
1060 - 1 0.0 %
1105 - 3 0.1 %
1106 - 3 0.1 %
1107 - 3 0.1 %
1300 - 5 0.1 %
- 46 -
Frequency
1310 - 3 0.1 %
1320 - 14 0.3 %
1330 - 1 0.0 %
1350 - 2 0.0 %
1360 - 27 0.6 %
1400 - 5 0.1 %
1410 - 29 0.6 %
1420 - 4 0.1 %
1430 - 9 0.2 %
1450 - 7 0.1 %
1460 - 30 0.6 %
1500 - 1 0.0 %
1510 - 2 0.0 %
1520 - 2 0.0 %
1530 - 19 0.4 %
1540 - 6 0.1 %
1550 - 2 0.0 %
1600 - 4 0.1 %
1610 - 4 0.1 %
1640 - 1 0.0 %
1700 - 2 0.0 %
1710 - 2 0.0 %
1720 - 9 0.2 %
1740 - 1 0.0 %
1760 - 4 0.1 %
1800 - 4 0.1 %
1820 - 2 0.0 %
1900 - 3 0.1 %
1920 - 1 0.0 %
1965 - 1 0.0 %
2000 - 7 0.1 %
2010 - 7 0.1 %
2015 - 1 0.0 %
2025 - 1 0.0 %
2040 - 28 0.6 %
2050 - 2 0.0 %
2100 - 23 0.5 %
2145 - 1 0.0 %
2160 - 1 0.0 %
- 47 -
Frequency
2200 - 40 0.8 %
2310 - 17 0.4 %
2320 - 27 0.6 %
2330 - 1 0.0 %
2340 - 7 0.1 %
2400 - 1 0.0 %
2430 - 2 0.0 %
Missing Data
9998 Don't know 0 0.0 %
9999 No answer 96 2.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 5066.92
• Minimum: 10.00
• Maximum: 9810.00

PAIND10: FATHER'S INDUSTRY CODE (2010)

Father's industry
Notes: Remarks: PAOCC10 and PAIND10 are coded using the U.S. Bureau of the Census occupation (2010) and industry codes

Frequency
170 - 248 5.1 %

180 - 117 2.4 %
190 - 4 0.1 %
270 - 14 0.3 %
280 - 7 0.1 %
290 - 4 0.1 %
370 - 4 0.1 %
380 - 20 0.4 %
390 - 5 0.1 %
470 - 10 0.2 %
480 - 5 0.1 %
- 48 -
Frequency
490 - 16 0.3 %
570 - 37 0.8 %
580 - 11 0.2 %
590 - 6 0.1 %
670 - 10 0.2 %
680 - 4 0.1 %
770 - 455 9.4 %
1070 - 7 0.1 %
1080 - 7 0.1 %
1090 - 6 0.1 %
1170 - 12 0.2 %
1180 - 24 0.5 %
1190 - 6 0.1 %
1270 - 10 0.2 %
1280 - 5 0.1 %
1290 - 6 0.1 %
1370 - 19 0.4 %
1390 - 1 0.0 %
1470 - 5 0.1 %
1480 - 18 0.4 %
1590 - 2 0.0 %
1670 - 2 0.0 %
1680 - 19 0.4 %
1770 - 10 0.2 %
1790 - 4 0.1 %
1870 - 31 0.6 %
1880 - 10 0.2 %
1890 - 7 0.1 %
1990 - 24 0.5 %
2070 - 19 0.4 %
2090 - 3 0.1 %
2170 - 4 0.1 %
2180 - 5 0.1 %
2190 - 5 0.1 %
2270 - 2 0.0 %
2280 - 4 0.1 %
2290 - 42 0.9 %
2370 - 12 0.2 %
2380 - 5 0.1 %
- 49 -
Frequency
2390 - 4 0.1 %
2470 - 1 0.0 %
2480 - 3 0.1 %
2490 - 19 0.4 %
2570 - 14 0.3 %
2590 - 3 0.1 %
2670 - 64 1.3 %
2680 - 10 0.2 %
2690 - 3 0.1 %
2770 - 13 0.3 %
2780 - 5 0.1 %
2790 - 2 0.0 %
2870 - 12 0.2 %
2880 - 9 0.2 %
2890 - 4 0.1 %
2970 - 3 0.1 %
2980 - 15 0.3 %
2990 - 5 0.1 %
3070 - 8 0.2 %
3080 - 7 0.1 %
3090 - 13 0.3 %
3170 - 16 0.3 %
3180 - 7 0.1 %
3190 - 28 0.6 %
3290 - 3 0.1 %
3360 - 11 0.2 %
3370 - 4 0.1 %
3380 - 3 0.1 %
3390 - 16 0.3 %
3470 - 5 0.1 %
3490 - 13 0.3 %
3570 - 94 2.0 %
3580 - 46 1.0 %
3590 - 15 0.3 %
3670 - 6 0.1 %
3680 - 4 0.1 %
3770 - 25 0.5 %
3780 - 6 0.1 %
3790 - 1 0.0 %
- 50 -
Frequency
3870 - 7 0.1 %
3890 - 25 0.5 %
3960 - 7 0.1 %
3970 - 4 0.1 %
3980 - 8 0.2 %
3990 - 76 1.6 %
4070 - 4 0.1 %
4090 - 5 0.1 %
4180 - 2 0.0 %
4190 - 5 0.1 %
4260 - 2 0.0 %
Missing Data
9998 Don't know 0 0.0 %
9999 No answer 99 2.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 4525.46
• Median: 3990.00
• Mode: 770.00
• Minimum: 170.00
• Maximum: 9790.00

MAWRKSLF: MOTHER SELF-EMPLOYED OR WORKED FOR SOMEBODY
Was she self-employed, or did she work for someone else?
Added text: IF ALREADY ANSWERED, CODE WITHOUT ASKING

Frequency

Missing Data
- 51 -
Frequency

9 No answer 3 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

MAOCC10: MOTHER'S CENSUS OCCUPATION CODE (2010)

Mother's industry

Frequency
10 - 7 0.1 %
20 - 6 0.1 %
50 - 3 0.1 %
100 - 2 0.0 %
120 - 12 0.2 %
136 - 5 0.1 %
160 - 1 0.0 %
205 - 11 0.2 %
220 - 1 0.0 %
230 - 13 0.3 %
310 - 27 0.6 %
325 - 1 0.0 %
330 - 1 0.0 %
340 - 5 0.1 %
350 - 13 0.3 %
360 - 1 0.0 %
400 - 4 0.1 %
410 - 7 0.1 %
420 - 5 0.1 %
430 - 26 0.5 %
520 - 3 0.1 %
530 - 1 0.0 %
540 - 7 0.1 %
600 - 1 0.0 %
630 - 5 0.1 %
- 52 -
Frequency
710 - 2 0.0 %
725 - 1 0.0 %
726 - 1 0.0 %
740 - 8 0.2 %
800 - 41 0.9 %
810 - 1 0.0 %
860 - 3 0.1 %
910 - 4 0.1 %
930 - 1 0.0 %
940 - 2 0.0 %
1006 - 4 0.1 %
1010 - 9 0.2 %
1020 - 3 0.1 %
1050 - 1 0.0 %
1107 - 2 0.0 %
1220 - 1 0.0 %
1230 - 1 0.0 %
1300 - 2 0.0 %
1310 - 1 0.0 %
1350 - 1 0.0 %
1360 - 1 0.0 %
1400 - 1 0.0 %
1420 - 1 0.0 %
1460 - 1 0.0 %
1540 - 1 0.0 %
1550 - 2 0.0 %
1610 - 2 0.0 %
1650 - 1 0.0 %
1720 - 1 0.0 %
1820 - 3 0.1 %
1900 - 2 0.0 %
1920 - 1 0.0 %
1965 - 1 0.0 %
2000 - 10 0.2 %
2010 - 20 0.4 %
2015 - 3 0.1 %
2016 - 4 0.1 %
2025 - 1 0.0 %
2050 - 2 0.0 %
- 53 -
Frequency
2060 - 1 0.0 %
2100 - 2 0.0 %
2110 - 2 0.0 %
2145 - 7 0.1 %
2160 - 8 0.2 %
2200 - 19 0.4 %
2300 - 17 0.4 %
2310 - 125 2.6 %
2320 - 52 1.1 %
2330 - 13 0.3 %
2340 - 10 0.2 %
2400 - 2 0.0 %
2430 - 11 0.2 %
2540 - 28 0.6 %
2600 - 3 0.1 %
2630 - 13 0.3 %
2710 - 1 0.0 %
2720 - 1 0.0 %
2740 - 1 0.0 %
2750 - 7 0.1 %
2810 - 3 0.1 %
2825 - 2 0.0 %
2830 - 1 0.0 %
2850 - 6 0.1 %
2860 - 1 0.0 %
2900 - 1 0.0 %
2910 - 1 0.0 %
3010 - 1 0.0 %
3030 - 11 0.2 %
3040 - 1 0.0 %
3050 - 3 0.1 %
3060 - 9 0.2 %
3140 - 1 0.0 %
3160 - 2 0.0 %
3220 - 2 0.0 %
3230 - 3 0.1 %
Missing Data
9998 Don't know 0 0.0 %
- 54 -
Frequency
9999 No answer 99 2.1 %

Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 4784.08
• Minimum: 10.00
• Maximum: 9810.00

MAIND10: MOTHER'S INDUSTRY CODE (NAICS 2007)

Mother's industry
Notes: Remarks: MAOCC10 and MAIND10 are coded using the U.S. Bureau of the Census occupation (2010) and industry codes

Frequency
170 - 38 0.8 %
180 - 6 0.1 %
280 - 2 0.0 %
290 - 2 0.0 %
370 - 1 0.0 %
490 - 3 0.1 %
570 - 6 0.1 %
580 - 4 0.1 %
670 - 2 0.0 %
680 - 1 0.0 %
690 - 1 0.0 %
770 - 32 0.7 %
1080 - 3 0.1 %
1090 - 21 0.4 %
1170 - 8 0.2 %
1180 - 24 0.5 %
1190 - 9 0.2 %
1270 - 10 0.2 %
1280 - 10 0.2 %
1290 - 8 0.2 %
1370 - 4 0.1 %
- 55 -
Frequency
1390 - 5 0.1 %
1470 - 8 0.2 %
1480 - 24 0.5 %
1570 - 1 0.0 %
1590 - 8 0.2 %
1670 - 7 0.1 %
1680 - 88 1.8 %
1690 - 1 0.0 %
1770 - 17 0.4 %
1790 - 4 0.1 %
1870 - 6 0.1 %
1880 - 4 0.1 %
1890 - 1 0.0 %
1990 - 8 0.2 %
2070 - 1 0.0 %
2170 - 5 0.1 %
2180 - 1 0.0 %
2190 - 5 0.1 %
2270 - 2 0.0 %
2280 - 7 0.1 %
2290 - 7 0.1 %
2370 - 9 0.2 %
2380 - 1 0.0 %
2390 - 2 0.0 %
2470 - 2 0.0 %
2490 - 13 0.3 %
2570 - 1 0.0 %
2670 - 4 0.1 %
2680 - 2 0.0 %
2690 - 1 0.0 %
2780 - 2 0.0 %
2790 - 2 0.0 %
2870 - 2 0.0 %
2880 - 2 0.0 %
2970 - 5 0.1 %
2980 - 5 0.1 %
2990 - 2 0.0 %
3070 - 3 0.1 %
3080 - 1 0.0 %
- 56 -
Frequency
3090 - 3 0.1 %
3170 - 2 0.0 %
3180 - 3 0.1 %
3190 - 4 0.1 %
3360 - 2 0.0 %
3370 - 8 0.2 %
3380 - 5 0.1 %
3390 - 12 0.2 %
3470 - 3 0.1 %
3490 - 17 0.4 %
3570 - 31 0.6 %
3580 - 15 0.3 %
3590 - 4 0.1 %
3680 - 3 0.1 %
3780 - 1 0.0 %
3790 - 1 0.0 %
3870 - 2 0.0 %
3890 - 11 0.2 %
3960 - 5 0.1 %
3970 - 5 0.1 %
3980 - 11 0.2 %
3990 - 35 0.7 %
4070 - 1 0.0 %
4090 - 3 0.1 %
4170 - 1 0.0 %
4270 - 1 0.0 %
4280 - 2 0.0 %
4290 - 2 0.0 %
4390 - 2 0.0 %
4470 - 8 0.2 %
4480 - 1 0.0 %
4490 - 3 0.1 %
4580 - 1 0.0 %
4585 - 3 0.1 %
4670 - 8 0.2 %
4690 - 3 0.1 %
4770 - 11 0.2 %
4780 - 3 0.1 %
4790 - 3 0.1 %
- 57 -
Frequency
4870 - 4 0.1 %
Missing Data
9998 Don't know 0 0.0 %
9999 No answer 60 1.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 6577.72
• Median: 7860.00
• Mode: 7860.00
• Minimum: 170.00
• Maximum: 9790.00

SIBS: NUMBER OF BROTHERS AND SISTERS

How many brothers and sisters did you have? (Count those born alive, but no longer living, as well as those alive now. Also include
stepbrothers and stepsisters, and children adopted by your parents.)
Notes: Remarks: See Appendix N for changes across surveys. If planning to perform trend analysis with this variable, please
consult GSS Methodological Report No. 56.

Frequency
0 - 214 4.4 %
1 - 945 19.6 %
2 - 984 20.4 %
3 - 787 16.3 %
4 - 576 12.0 %
5 - 347 7.2 %
6 - 257 5.3 %
7 - 220 4.6 %
8 - 158 3.3 %
9 - 98 2.0 %
10 - 71 1.5 %
11 - 47 1.0 %
12 - 35 0.7 %
13 - 22 0.5 %
14 - 13 0.3 %
- 58 -
Frequency
15 - 18 0.4 %
16 - 5 0.1 %
17 - 4 0.1 %
18 - 1 0.0 %
19 - 1 0.0 %
20 - 1 0.0 %
21 - 3 0.1 %
22 - 2 0.0 %
30 - 3 0.1 %
58 - 1 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 4 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 3.61
• Median: 3.00
• Mode: 2.00
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 58.00

CHILDS: NUMBER OF CHILDREN

How many children have you ever had? Please count all that were born alive at any time (including any you had from a previous
marriage).

Frequency
0 - 1250 25.9 %
1 - 697 14.5 %
2 - 1373 28.5 %
3 - 786 16.3 %
4 - 390 8.1 %
5 - 155 3.2 %
6 - 75 1.6 %
7 - 35 0.7 %
8 Eight or more 52 1.1 %
- 59 -
Frequency
Missing Data
9 Don't know, no answer 7 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 1.92
• Median: 2.00
• Mode: 2.00
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 8.00

AGE: AGE OF RESPONDENT

Respondent's age
Notes: Remarks: Date of birth has been recoded into actual age in AGE. See Appendix D: Recodes. See Appendix E: Age
Distributions, for detailed responses. See Appendix N for changes across surveys.

Frequency
18 - 12 0.2 %
19 - 20 0.4 %
20 - 23 0.5 %
21 - 47 1.0 %
22 - 50 1.0 %
23 - 70 1.5 %
24 - 63 1.3 %
25 - 74 1.5 %
26 - 65 1.3 %
27 - 87 1.8 %
28 - 82 1.7 %
29 - 75 1.6 %
30 - 98 2.0 %
31 - 94 2.0 %
32 - 94 2.0 %
33 - 97 2.0 %
34 - 78 1.6 %
35 - 85 1.8 %
36 - 72 1.5 %
37 - 95 2.0 %
- 60 -
Frequency
38 - 84 1.7 %
39 - 99 2.1 %
40 - 78 1.6 %
41 - 98 2.0 %
42 - 89 1.8 %
43 - 82 1.7 %
44 - 75 1.6 %
45 - 84 1.7 %
46 - 86 1.8 %
47 - 81 1.7 %
48 - 88 1.8 %
49 - 92 1.9 %
50 - 81 1.7 %
51 - 113 2.3 %
52 - 97 2.0 %
53 - 85 1.8 %
54 - 101 2.1 %
55 - 104 2.2 %
56 - 79 1.6 %
57 - 89 1.8 %
58 - 92 1.9 %
59 - 77 1.6 %
60 - 90 1.9 %
61 - 95 2.0 %
62 - 77 1.6 %
63 - 69 1.4 %
64 - 90 1.9 %
65 - 86 1.8 %
66 - 53 1.1 %
67 - 65 1.3 %
68 - 54 1.1 %
69 - 76 1.6 %
70 - 57 1.2 %
71 - 67 1.4 %
72 - 49 1.0 %
73 - 49 1.0 %
74 - 41 0.9 %
75 - 34 0.7 %
76 - 37 0.8 %
- 61 -
Frequency
77 - 33 0.7 %
78 - 41 0.9 %
79 - 30 0.6 %
80 - 27 0.6 %
81 - 23 0.5 %
82 - 31 0.6 %
83 - 19 0.4 %
84 - 31 0.6 %
85 - 19 0.4 %
86 - 18 0.4 %
87 - 15 0.3 %
88 - 15 0.3 %
89 89 or older 43 0.9 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
99 No answer 51 1.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 49.59
• Median: 49.00
• Mode: 51.00
• Minimum: 18.00
• Maximum: 89.00

AGEKDBRN: R'S AGE WHEN 1ST CHILD BORN

How old were you when your first child was born?
Notes: Remarks: AGEKDBRN is coded in two digits.

Frequency
13 - 1 0.0 %
14 - 17 0.4 %
15 - 40 0.8 %
16 - 94 2.0 %
17 - 159 3.3 %
18 - 239 5.0 %
19 - 239 5.0 %
- 62 -
Frequency
20 - 298 6.2 %
21 - 341 7.1 %
22 - 205 4.3 %
23 - 211 4.4 %
24 - 188 3.9 %
25 - 215 4.5 %
26 - 163 3.4 %
27 - 196 4.1 %
28 - 166 3.4 %
29 - 132 2.7 %
30 - 146 3.0 %
31 - 88 1.8 %
32 - 93 1.9 %
33 - 65 1.3 %
34 - 53 1.1 %
35 - 50 1.0 %
36 - 40 0.8 %
37 - 25 0.5 %
38 - 20 0.4 %
39 - 16 0.3 %
40 - 17 0.4 %
41 - 11 0.2 %
42 - 7 0.1 %
43 - 3 0.1 %
44 - 1 0.0 %
45 - 3 0.1 %
46 - 1 0.0 %
47 - 1 0.0 %
48 - 2 0.0 %
50 - 2 0.0 %
53 - 1 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 10 0.2 %
99 No answer 11 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 24.20
- 63 -
• Median: 23.00
• Mode: 21.00
• Minimum: 13.00
• Maximum: 53.00

EDUC: HIGHEST YEAR OF SCHOOL COMPLETED

RESPONDENT'S EDUCATION
Notes: Remarks: See Appendix D: Recodes, for a discussion of original format of EDUC, PAEDUC, MAEDUC, and SPEDUC See

Frequency
0 - 8 0.2 %
1 - 3 0.1 %
2 - 7 0.1 %
3 - 12 0.2 %
4 - 13 0.3 %
5 - 12 0.2 %
6 - 51 1.1 %
7 - 24 0.5 %
8 - 104 2.2 %
9 - 118 2.4 %
10 - 133 2.8 %
11 - 220 4.6 %
12 - 1318 27.3 %
13 - 404 8.4 %
14 - 644 13.4 %
15 - 212 4.4 %
16 - 826 17.1 %
17 - 176 3.7 %
18 - 242 5.0 %
19 - 114 2.4 %
20 - 173 3.6 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 4 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 64 -
• Mean: 13.66
• Median: 13.00
• Mode: 12.00
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 20.00

PAEDUC: HIGHEST YEAR SCHOOL COMPLETED, FATHER

RESPONDENT'S FATHER'S (FATHER SUBSTITUTE'S) EDUCATION

Frequency
0 - 89 1.8 %
1 - 11 0.2 %
2 - 29 0.6 %
3 - 80 1.7 %
4 - 50 1.0 %
5 - 66 1.4 %
6 - 140 2.9 %
7 - 65 1.3 %
8 - 342 7.1 %
9 - 113 2.3 %
10 - 136 2.8 %
11 - 101 2.1 %
12 - 1202 24.9 %
13 - 140 2.9 %
14 - 243 5.0 %
15 - 49 1.0 %
16 - 458 9.5 %
17 - 33 0.7 %
18 - 120 2.5 %
19 - 36 0.7 %
20 - 120 2.5 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 378 7.8 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 65 -
• Mean: 11.56
• Median: 12.00
• Mode: 12.00
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 20.00

MAEDUC: HIGHEST YEAR SCHOOL COMPLETED, MOTHER

RESPONDENT'S MOTHER'S (SUBSTITUTE MOTHER'S) EDUCATION

Frequency
0 - 98 2.0 %
1 - 10 0.2 %
2 - 17 0.4 %
3 - 60 1.2 %
4 - 36 0.7 %
5 - 64 1.3 %
6 - 158 3.3 %
7 - 71 1.5 %
8 - 296 6.1 %
9 - 128 2.7 %
10 - 190 3.9 %
11 - 177 3.7 %
12 - 1717 35.6 %
13 - 178 3.7 %
14 - 386 8.0 %
15 - 77 1.6 %
16 - 456 9.5 %
17 - 36 0.7 %
18 - 128 2.7 %
19 - 19 0.4 %
20 - 51 1.1 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 292 6.1 %
99 No answer 10 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 66 -
• Mean: 11.62
• Median: 12.00
• Mode: 12.00
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 20.00

SPEDUC: HIGHEST YEAR SCHOOL COMPLETED, SPOUSE

RESPONDENT'S SPOUSE'S EDUCATION

Frequency
0 - 4 0.1 %
1 - 4 0.1 %
2 - 2 0.0 %
3 - 5 0.1 %
4 - 6 0.1 %
5 - 6 0.1 %
6 - 34 0.7 %
7 - 8 0.2 %
8 - 33 0.7 %
9 - 54 1.1 %
10 - 49 1.0 %
11 - 59 1.2 %
12 - 709 14.7 %
13 - 148 3.1 %
14 - 282 5.9 %
15 - 80 1.7 %
16 - 409 8.5 %
17 - 72 1.5 %
18 - 134 2.8 %
19 - 50 1.0 %
20 - 91 1.9 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 14 0.3 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 67 -
• Mean: 13.74
• Median: 13.00
• Mode: 12.00
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 20.00

DEGREE: RS HIGHEST DEGREE

RESPONDENT'S DEGREE
Notes: Remarks: See Appendix D: Recodes, for a discussion of the original format of DEGREE, PADEG, MADEG, and SPDEG.
See Appendix N for changes across surveys.

Frequency
0 Less than high school 610 12.7 %

1 High school 2394 49.7 %
2 Junior college 366 7.6 %
3 Bachelor 927 19.2 %
4 Graduate 523 10.9 %
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 4.00

PADEG: FATHER'S HIGHEST DEGREE

RESPONDENT'S FATHER'S (SUBSTITUTE FATHER'S) DEGREE

Frequency

3 Bachelor 442 9.2 %
4 Graduate 313 6.5 %
Missing Data
- 68 -
Frequency

8 Don't know 230 4.8 %
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 4.00

MADEG: MOTHER'S HIGHEST DEGREE

RESPONDENT'S MOTHER'S (SUBSTITUTE MOTHER'S) DEGREE

Frequency

Missing Data
8 Don't know 164 3.4 %
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 4.00

SPDEG: SPOUSE'S HIGHEST DEGREE

RESPONDENT'S SPOUSE'S DEGREE

Frequency

- 69 -
Frequency

Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 4.00

MAJOR1: COLLEGE MAJOR 1
What was your major or field of study when you received your
(RESPONDENT'S COLLEGE DEGREE) degree?
Added text: IF THE RESPONDENT RECEIVED MORE THAN ONE GRADUATE LEVEL
DEGREE, ASK ABOUT THE HIGHEST DEGREE OBTAINED (E.G. ABOUT A Ph.D.
RATHER THAN AN M.B.A). [COUNT UP TO 2 MENTIONS]

Frequency
1 Accounting/Bookkeeping 28 0.6 %
2 Advertising 3 0.1 %
3 Agriculture/Horticulture 8 0.2 %
4 Allied Health 0 0.0 %
5 Anthropolgy 3 0.1 %
6 Architecture 2 0.0 %
7 Art 6 0.1 %
8 Biology 16 0.3 %
9 Business Administration 90 1.9 %
11 Chemistry 5 0.1 %
12 Communications/Speech 20 0.4 %
13 Comm. Disorders 4 0.1 %
14 Computer Science 25 0.5 %
15 Dentistry 2 0.0 %
16 Education 73 1.5 %
17 Economics 11 0.2 %
- 70 -
Frequency
18 Engineering 47 1.0 %
19 English 23 0.5 %
20 Finance 7 0.1 %
21 Foreign Language 4 0.1 %
22 Forestry 1 0.0 %
23 Geography 0 0.0 %
24 Geology 1 0.0 %
25 History 10 0.2 %
26 Home Economics 0 0.0 %
27 Industry & Technology 3 0.1 %
28 Journalism 5 0.1 %
29 Law 13 0.3 %
30 Law Enforcement 3 0.1 %
31 Library Science 4 0.1 %
32 Marketing 11 0.2 %
33 Mathematics 5 0.1 %
34 Medicine 9 0.2 %
35 Music 4 0.1 %
36 Nursing 36 0.7 %
37 Optometry 0 0.0 %
38 Pharmacy 2 0.0 %
39 Philosophy 2 0.0 %
40 Physical Education 9 0.2 %
41 Physics 3 0.1 %
42 Psychology 32 0.7 %
43 Political Science/International Relations 16 0.3 %
44 Sociology 9 0.2 %
45 Special Education 5 0.1 %
46 Theater arts 6 0.1 %
47 Theology 6 0.1 %
48 Veterinary Medicine 1 0.0 %
49 Liberal Arts 8 0.2 %
50 Other 8 0.2 %
51 General Sciences 10 0.2 %
52 Social Work 7 0.1 %
53 General Studies 2 0.0 %
54 Other Vocational 5 0.1 %
55 Health 23 0.5 %
56 Industrial Relations 1 0.0 %
- 71 -
Frequency
57 Child/Human/Family Development 11 0.2 %

58 Food Science/Nutrition/Culinary Arts 3 0.1 %
59 Environmental Science/Ecology 5 0.1 %
60 Social Sciences 4 0.1 %
61 Human Services/Human Resources 3 0.1 %
62 Visual Arts/Graphic Design/Design and Drafting 3 0.1 %
63 Fine Arts 4 0.1 %
64 Humanities 0 0.0 %
65 Ethnic Studies 3 0.1 %
66 Educational Administration 3 0.1 %
67 Television/Film 0 0.0 %
68 Aviation/Aeronautics 2 0.0 %
69 Statistics/Biostatistics 0 0.0 %
70 Criminology/Criminal Justice 13 0.3 %
71 Administrative Science/Public Administration 2 0.0 %
72 Electronics 6 0.1 %
73 Urban and Regional Planning 1 0.0 %
74 Mechanics/Machine Trade 0 0.0 %
75 Dance 1 0.0 %
76 Gerontology 1 0.0 %
77 Public Relations 3 0.1 %
78 Textiles/Cloth 3 0.1 %
79 Parks and Recreation 1 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know/uncoded 2 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 79.00

MAJOR2: COLLEGE MAJOR 2
What was your major or field of study when you received your
(RESPONDENT'S COLLEGE DEGREE) degree?
- 72 -
Added text: IF THE RESPONDENT RECEIVED MORE THAN ONE GRADUATE LEVEL
DEGREE, ASK ABOUT THE HIGHEST DEGREE OBTAINED (E.G. ABOUT A Ph.D.
RATHER THAN AN M.B.A). [COUNT UP TO 2 MENTIONS]

Frequency
3 Agriculture/Horticulture 0 0.0 %
7 Art 2 0.0 %
8 Biology 2 0.0 %
19 English 6 0.1 %
20 Finance 4 0.1 %
22 Forestry 0 0.0 %
24 Geology 1 0.0 %
25 History 3 0.1 %
29 Law 2 0.0 %
34 Medicine 2 0.0 %
35 Music 1 0.0 %
36 Nursing 5 0.1 %
- 73 -
Frequency
38 Pharmacy 1 0.0 %
41 Physics 0 0.0 %
43 Political Science/International Relations 4 0.1 %
44 Sociology 4 0.1 %
46 Theater arts 2 0.0 %
47 Theology 1 0.0 %
50 Other 5 0.1 %
51 General Sciences 0 0.0 %
55 Health 0 0.0 %
57 Child/Human/Family Development 1 0.0 %
59 Environmental Science/Ecology 1 0.0 %
61 Human Services/Human Resources 1 0.0 %
62 Visual Arts/Graphic Design/Design and Drafting 1 0.0 %
67 Television/Film 1 0.0 %
68 Aviation/Aeronautics 1 0.0 %
69 Statistics/Biostatistics 1 0.0 %
75 Dance 0 0.0 %
- 74 -
Frequency

Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 79.00

DIPGED: DIPLOMA, GED, OR OTHER

Was that a diploma awarded by your high school at graduation at the end of 12th grade, a GED awarded after you took a test, or
something else?

Frequency
1 High school diploma 1543 32.0 %

2 GED 133 2.8 %
3 Other 2 0.0 %
5 High school diploma after post high school classes 6 0.1 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 2526 52.4 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

SPDIPGED: SPOUSE DIPLOMA, GED, OR OTHER

Was that a diploma awarded by (RESPONDENT'S SPOUSE)'s high school at graduation at the end of 12th grade, a GED awarded
after (RESPONDENT'S SPOUSE) took a test, or something else?
- 75 -
Frequency
1 High school diploma 735 15.2 %

2 GED 44 0.9 %
3 Other 1 0.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

WHENHS: WHEN RECEIVED HIGH SCHOOL DEGREE

In what year did you receive your high school degree?
Notes: Remarks: Respondents were asked this question when DEGREE=1 (has high school degree).

Frequency
1941 - 1 0.0 %
1942 - 1 0.0 %
1943 - 1 0.0 %
1945 - 2 0.0 %
1946 - 3 0.1 %
1947 - 1 0.0 %
1948 - 2 0.0 %
1949 - 1 0.0 %
1950 - 2 0.0 %
1951 - 3 0.1 %
1952 - 2 0.0 %
1955 - 4 0.1 %
1956 - 2 0.0 %
1957 - 1 0.0 %
1958 - 5 0.1 %
1959 - 1 0.0 %
1960 - 6 0.1 %
1961 - 5 0.1 %
1962 - 6 0.1 %
- 76 -
Frequency
1963 - 4 0.1 %
1964 - 4 0.1 %
1965 - 5 0.1 %
1966 - 5 0.1 %
1967 - 9 0.2 %
1968 - 7 0.1 %
1969 - 8 0.2 %
1970 - 7 0.1 %
1971 - 2 0.0 %
1972 - 3 0.1 %
1973 - 5 0.1 %
1974 - 6 0.1 %
1975 - 6 0.1 %
1976 - 4 0.1 %
1977 - 7 0.1 %
1978 - 3 0.1 %
1979 - 8 0.2 %
1980 - 7 0.1 %
1981 - 4 0.1 %
1982 - 7 0.1 %
1983 - 7 0.1 %
1984 - 1 0.0 %
1985 - 7 0.1 %
1986 - 10 0.2 %
1987 - 5 0.1 %
1988 - 6 0.1 %
1989 - 9 0.2 %
1990 - 7 0.1 %
1991 - 7 0.1 %
1992 - 7 0.1 %
1993 - 3 0.1 %
1994 - 10 0.2 %
1995 - 3 0.1 %
1996 - 6 0.1 %
1997 - 7 0.1 %
1998 - 10 0.2 %
1999 - 7 0.1 %
2000 - 12 0.2 %
2001 - 6 0.1 %
- 77 -
Frequency
2002 - 4 0.1 %
2003 - 10 0.2 %
2004 - 10 0.2 %
2005 - 12 0.2 %
2006 - 14 0.3 %
2007 - 9 0.2 %
2008 - 10 0.2 %
2009 - 16 0.3 %
2010 - 15 0.3 %
2011 - 8 0.2 %
2012 - 1 0.0 %
Missing Data
9998 Don't know 3 0.1 %
9999 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 1986.31
• Median: 1989.00
• Mode: 2009.00
• Minimum: 1941.00
• Maximum: 2012.00

WHENCOL: WHEN RECEIVED COLLEGE DEGREE

In what year did you receive the (COLLEGE NAME) degree?
Notes: Remarks: Respondents were asked this question when DEGREE=2, 3, or 4 (some college degree).

Frequency
1938 - 1 0.0 %
1947 - 1 0.0 %
1948 - 2 0.0 %
1949 - 1 0.0 %
1950 - 3 0.1 %
1951 - 2 0.0 %
1952 - 3 0.1 %
1955 - 4 0.1 %
- 78 -
Frequency
1956 - 3 0.1 %
1957 - 3 0.1 %
1958 - 5 0.1 %
1959 - 1 0.0 %
1960 - 7 0.1 %
1961 - 4 0.1 %
1962 - 3 0.1 %
1963 - 1 0.0 %
1964 - 7 0.1 %
1965 - 5 0.1 %
1966 - 5 0.1 %
1967 - 4 0.1 %
1968 - 4 0.1 %
1969 - 4 0.1 %
1970 - 5 0.1 %
1971 - 6 0.1 %
1972 - 8 0.2 %
1973 - 12 0.2 %
1974 - 4 0.1 %
1975 - 7 0.1 %
1976 - 10 0.2 %
1977 - 6 0.1 %
1978 - 18 0.4 %
1979 - 10 0.2 %
1980 - 12 0.2 %
1981 - 13 0.3 %
1982 - 12 0.2 %
1983 - 7 0.1 %
1984 - 10 0.2 %
1985 - 14 0.3 %
1986 - 11 0.2 %
1987 - 11 0.2 %
1988 - 10 0.2 %
1989 - 21 0.4 %
1990 - 16 0.3 %
1991 - 12 0.2 %
1992 - 8 0.2 %
1993 - 17 0.4 %
1994 - 13 0.3 %
- 79 -
Frequency
1995 - 13 0.3 %
1996 - 15 0.3 %
1997 - 12 0.2 %
1998 - 15 0.3 %
1999 - 15 0.3 %
2000 - 23 0.5 %
2001 - 19 0.4 %
2002 - 22 0.5 %
2003 - 17 0.4 %
2004 - 27 0.6 %
2005 - 23 0.5 %
2006 - 16 0.3 %
2007 - 24 0.5 %
2008 - 25 0.5 %
2009 - 21 0.4 %
2010 - 25 0.5 %
2011 - 29 0.6 %
2012 - 13 0.3 %
Missing Data
9998 Don't know 10 0.2 %
9999 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 1991.55
• Median: 1995.00
• Mode: 2011.00
• Minimum: 1938.00
• Maximum: 2012.00

SECTOR: TYPE OF COLLEGE RESPONDENT ATTENDED

Frequency
0 Administrative unit 1 0.0 %

1 Public, 4-year or above 325 6.7 %
2 Private not-for-profit, 4-year or above 183 3.8 %
- 80 -
Frequency
3 Private for-profit, 4-year or above 8 0.2 %

4 Public, 2-year 97 2.0 %
5 Private not-for-profit, 2-year or less 4 0.1 %
6 Private for-profit, 2-year 4 0.1 %
7 Public, less-than 2-year 0 0.0 %
8 Private not-for-profit, less-than 2-year 0 0.0 %
9 Private for-profit, less-than 2-year 6 0.1 %
Missing Data
99 Sector unknown (not active) 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 9.00

EFTOTLT: TOTAL NUMBER OF STUDENTS ENROLLED IN COLLEGE RESPONDENT

ATTENDED
Frequency
1 0-467 14 0.3 %
2 468+ 610 12.7 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 3 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

BARATE: RATE OF BA DEGREE EARNING IN COLLEGE RESPONDENT ATTENDED

Frequency
1 0-39.9% 59 1.2 %
- 81 -
Frequency
2 40-57.9% 183 3.8 %

3 58%+ 246 5.1 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 3 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

GRADTOUNDER: RATIO OF GRADUATE STUDENTS TO UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS IN

COLLEGE RESPONDENT ATTENDED
Frequency
1 0-.210499 161 3.3 %

2 .211+ 316 6.6 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 3 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

VOEDCOL: NON-COLLEGE POSTSECONDARY EDUCATION (VOEDNME1)

Besides attending college for credit, did you complete any courses for credit at an institution such as a business college, technical
or vocational school?
Notes: Remarks: VOEDCOL was asked of respondents who attended college before.

Frequency
1 Yes 287 6.0 %

2 No 678 14.1 %
Missing Data
- 82 -
Frequency

9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

VOEDNME1: POSTSECONDARY INSTITUTION ATTENDED FOR CREDIT - 1
What institution was that?
Added text: FI INSTRUCTION: IF MORE THAN ONE INSTITUTION, CODE THE ONE
WITH THE MOST COURSES OR FOR WHICH THE LONGEST TIME WAS SPENT.
Notes: Remarks: VOEDNME1 describes the type of postsecondary educational institutions respondents attended for credit. The
original question asked for the name of the institution. These were coded into the types of institutions released here.

Frequency
1 Jail/prison 1 0.0 %
3 Company/business 9 0.2 %
4 Vocational school/trades/technical (not high school not college) 28 0.6 %
5 Secretarial school 2 0.0 %
6 Adult education/school 3 0.1 %
7 Medical/nursing/health/dental/hospital 24 0.5 %
8 Union 2 0.0 %
9 Armed forces 5 0.1 %
10 College/university 145 3.0 %
11 Art/design 2 0.0 %
12 Business college (not business school at a university) 6 0.1 %
13 Home study/correspondence 3 0.1 %
14 Job corp 3 0.1 %
15 Beauty school/cosmetology 5 0.1 %
16 Insurance, real estate, finance, executive management 13 0.3 %
17 Police/fire academy; training 2 0.0 %
18 Development center 2 0.0 %
19 Career center 1 0.0 %
20 Foreign college/university 8 0.2 %
- 83 -
Frequency
30 Other 9 0.2 %
Missing Data
98 Unknown, uncodeable 10 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 30.00

VOEDNCOL: NON-COLLEGE POSTSECONDARY EDUCATION (VOEDNME2)

Did you complete any courses for credit at an institution such as a business college, technical or vocational school?
Notes: Remarks: VOEDNCOL was asked if respondents had not attended college before.

Frequency
1 Yes 244 5.1 %

2 No 503 10.4 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

VOEDNME2: POSTSECONDARY INSTITUTION ATTENDED FOR CREDIT - 2
What institution was that?
Added text: FI INSTRUCTION: IF MORE THAN ONE INSTITUTION, CODE THE ONE
WITH THE MOST COURSES OR FOR WHICH THE LONGEST TIME WAS SPENT.
Notes: Remarks: VOEDNME2 describes the type of postsecondary educational institutions respondents attended for credit. The
original question asked for the name of the institution. These were coded into the types of institutions released here.
- 84 -
Frequency
1 Jail/prison 0 0.0 %
3 Company/business 4 0.1 %
4 Vocational school/trades/technical (not high school not college) 34 0.7 %
5 Secretarial school 0 0.0 %
6 Adult education/school 5 0.1 %
7 Medical/nursing/health/dental/hospital 10 0.2 %
8 Union 0 0.0 %
10 College/university 125 2.6 %
11 Art/design 0 0.0 %
12 Business college (not business school at a university) 12 0.2 %
13 Home study/correspondence 2 0.0 %
14 Job corp 1 0.0 %
15 Beauty school/cosmetology 11 0.2 %
16 Insurance, real estate, finance, executive management 6 0.1 %
17 Police/fire academy; training 2 0.0 %
18 Development center 1 0.0 %
19 Career center 2 0.0 %
20 Foreign college/university 4 0.1 %
30 Other 5 0.1 %
Missing Data
98 Unknown, uncodeable 8 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 2.00
• Maximum: 30.00

SPSECTOR: TYPE OF COLLEGE SPOUSE ATTENDED

Frequency
0 Administrative unit 0 0.0 %

1 Public, 4-year or above 179 3.7 %
2 Private not-for-profit, 4-year or above 90 1.9 %
- 85 -
Frequency
3 Private for-profit, 4-year or above 4 0.1 %

4 Public, 2-year 30 0.6 %
5 Private not-for-profit, 2-year or less 0 0.0 %
6 Private for-profit, 2-year 0 0.0 %
7 Public, less-than 2-year 0 0.0 %
8 Private not-for-profit, less-than 2-year 0 0.0 %
9 Private for-profit, less-than 2-year 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
99 Sector unknown (not active) 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

SPEFTOTLT: TOTAL NUMBER OF STUDENTS ENROLLED IN COLLEGE SPOUSE ATTENDED

Frequency
1 0-467 2 0.0 %
2 468+ 300 6.2 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

SPBARATE: RATE OF BA DEGREE EARNING IN COLLEGE SPOUSE ATTENDED

Frequency
1 0-39.9% 36 0.7 %
2 40-57.9% 88 1.8 %
- 86 -
Frequency
3 58%+ 139 2.9 %

Missing Data
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

SPGRADTOUNDER: RATIO OF GRADUATE STUDENTS TO UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS IN

COLLEGE SPOUSE ATTENDED
Frequency
1 0-.210499 90 1.9 %
2 .211+ 169 3.5 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

SEX: RESPONDENTS SEX

CODE RESPONDENT'S SEX
Notes: Remarks: Interviewer coded. See Appendix T, GSS Methodological Report No. 9. If planning to perform trend analysis with
this variable, please consult GSS Methodological Report No. 56.

Frequency
1 Male 2132 44.2 %

2 Female 2688 55.8 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 87 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

RACE: RACE OF RESPONDENT
What race do you consider yourself?
Added text: CODE WITHOUT ASKING ONLY IF THERE IS NO DOUBT IN YOUR

MIND. RECORD VERBATIM AND CODE.
Notes: Remarks: Interviewer coded except in cases where question suggested was asked. Punch 3 in RACE (Other SPECIFY)
included 1 Aleut, 154 American Indian, 1 Arab, 139 Asian, 1 Chamorro, 24 Chinese, 1 Chinese/Japanese, 1 Creole, 2 Cuban, 1
Dominican, 1 Egyptian 38 Filipino, 1 Guyanese, 6 Hawaiian, 6 Hindu, 267 Hispanic, 1 Hmong, 4 Human, 31 Indian (Asian), 1
Indonesian, 1 Israelite, 3 Iranian, 1 Jamaican, 29 Japanese, 11 Korean, 3 Laos, 4 Latin, 3 Latino, 2 Lebanese, 1 Malaysian, 2
Mestizo, 59 Mexican, 3 Mulatto, 18 Native American, 49 Oriental, 5 Pacific Islander, 3 Polynesian, 22 Puerto Rican, 30 Spanish, 2
Thai, 3 Vietnamese, 1 West Indies, 8 "Mixed", 1 "mixed bag", 1 "person of color", "1/2 American Indian, 1/2 Hispanic", 1
"halfbreed", 5 "Brown," and 3 "Yellow," 2 "Amerasian," 2 "Biracial," 1 "Black and Asian," and 1 "Black and White," 1 "Black,
American Indian, and Spanish," 1 "Asian Pacific Islander," 1 "White Indian American," and 1 "American Indian/White," 1 "Euro-
Asian," 1 "don't have one, just me," 1 "White+Mexican," 2 "1/2 Caucasian, 1/2 Philippines," 1 "African Cherokee," 1 "Mexican and
Indian," 1 "American/Bangdi" and 1 "wheat color." If planning to perform trend analysis with this variable, please consult GSS
Methodological Report No. 56. In 2000 RACE was based on RACESEE, RACEDBTF and RACESELF. RACE was asked as
indicated above from 1972 to 2000. Starting in 2002 RACE was replaced by RACECEN1,2,3 and RACE was imputed based on
these and other variables. See Appendix D: Recodes. See RACECEN1,2,3 for the new race variables first used in 2000. See GSS
Methodological Reports 85 and 89.

Frequency
1 White 3700 76.8 %

2 Black 722 15.0 %
3 Other 398 8.3 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

RES16: TYPE OF PLACE LIVED IN WHEN 16 YEARS OLD

Next, I have a few factual questions about yourself. Which of the categories on this card comes closest to the type of place you
were living in when you were 16 years old?
Notes: Remarks: Card C contained responses for Punches 1 to 6.

Frequency
1 Country, nonfarm 516 10.7 %
- 88 -
Frequency
2 Farm 492 10.2 %

3 Town less than 50000 1527 31.7 %
4 50000 to 250000 884 18.3 %
5 Big-city suburb 654 13.6 %
6 City greater than 250000 744 15.4 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 6.00

REG16: REGION OF RESIDENCE, AGE 16
In what state or foreign country were you living when you were
16 years old?
Added text: REFER TO REGION CODES BELOW AND ENTER CODE NUMBERS IN BOX.
Notes: Remarks: See Appendix D: Recodes, for discussion of the recoding of the original question. New England = Maine,
Vermont, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island Middle Atlantic = New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania East
North Central = Wisconsin, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio West North Central = Minnesota, Iowa, Missouri, North Dakota, South
Dakota, Nebraska, Kansas South Atlantic = Delaware, Maryland, West Virginia, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia,
Florida, District of Columbia East South Central = Kentucky, Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi West South Central = Arkansas,
Oklahoma, Louisiana, Texas Mountain = Montana, Idaho, Wyoming, Nevada, Utah, Colorado, Arizona, New Mexico Pacific =
Washington, Oregon, California, Alaska, Hawaii

Frequency
0 Foreign 404 8.4 %

1 New England 206 4.3 %
2 Middle Atlantic 678 14.1 %
3 East North Central 903 18.7 %
4 West North Central 330 6.8 %
5 South Atlantic 778 16.1 %
6 East South Central 280 5.8 %
7 West South Central 401 8.3 %
8 Mountain 243 5.0 %
- 89 -
Frequency
9 Pacific 597 12.4 %

Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 9.00

MOBILE16: GEOGRAPHIC MOBILITY SINCE AGE 16

When you were 16 years old, were you living in this same (city/town/county)?

Frequency
1 Same city 1886 39.1 %

2 Same state, different city 1217 25.2 %
3 Different state 1708 35.4 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 7 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

FAMILY16: LIVING WITH PARENTS WHEN 16 YEARS OLD
Were you living with both your own mother and father around the
time you were 16? (IF NO: With whom were you living around that time?)
Added text: IF RESPONDENT MARRIED OR LEFT HOME BY AGE 16, PROBE FOR
BEFORE THAT.

Frequency
0 Other 160 3.3 %

1 Mother & father 3233 67.1 %
2 Father & stepmother 80 1.7 %
- 90 -
Frequency
3 Mother & stepfather 301 6.2 %

4 Father 130 2.7 %
5 Mother 727 15.1 %
6 Male relative 14 0.3 %
7 Female relative 80 1.7 %
8 Male and female relatives 93 1.9 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 2 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 8.00

FAMDIF16: REASON NOT LIVING WITH PARENTS

What happened?
Notes: Remarks: Contents of Punches 6, 7, 0 in FAMILY16 (Other SPECIFY), and Punch 5 in FAMDIF16 (Other SPECIFY) are
available from NORC. See Appendix N for changes across surveys. If planning to perform trend analysis with FAMILY16, please
consult GSS Methodological Report No. 56.

Frequency
1 Parent died 328 6.8 %

2 Divorce, separated 895 18.6 %
4 Institution 15 0.3 %
5 Other 330 6.8 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 4 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

- 91 -
MAWRKGRW: MOTHER'S EMPLOYMENT WHEN R WAS 16
Did your mother ever work for pay for as long as a year, while you were growing up?

Frequency
1 Yes 3372 70.0 %

2 No 1279 26.5 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 22 0.5 %
9 No answer 2 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

INCOM16: RS FAMILY INCOME WHEN 16 YEARS OLD
Thinking about the time when you were 16 years old, compared
with American families in general then, would you say your family
income was--far below average, below average, average, above average,
or far above average?
Added text: (PROBE: Just your best guess.)
Notes: Remarks: See Appendix N for changes across surveys.

Frequency
1 Far below average 434 9.0 %

2 Below average 1301 27.0 %
3 Average 2099 43.5 %
4 Above average 816 16.9 %
5 Far above average 92 1.9 %
Missing Data
7 Lived in institution 0 0.0 %
8 Don't know 65 1.3 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 92 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

(Range of) Missing Values: -1 , 7 , 8 , 9
BORN: WAS R BORN IN THIS COUNTRY

Were you born in this country?

Frequency
1 Yes 4263 88.4 %

2 No 553 11.5 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 4 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

PARBORN: WERE RS PARENTS BORN IN THIS COUNTRY
Were both your parents born in this country?
Added text: (IF THE RESPONDENT IS UNCERTAIN OF PARENT, USE SAME

PERSONS AS IN PAOCC16 to PAIND16, PAEDUC, MAEDUC, PADEG, AND MADEG.).

Frequency
0 Both in U.S. 3824 79.3 %

1 Mother only 129 2.7 %
2 Father only 124 2.6 %
3 Mother; father don't know 15 0.3 %
4 Not mother; father don't know 3 0.1 %
5 Father; mother don't know 0 0.0 %
6 Not father; mother don't know 2 0.0 %
7 Don't know for both 1 0.0 %
8 Neither in U.S. 708 14.7 %
Missing Data
- 93 -
Frequency
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 8.00

GRANBORN: HOW MANY GRANDPARENTS BORN OUTSIDE U.S.
Were all of your four grandparents born in this country?
IF NO: How many were born outside the United States?

Frequency
0 All in U.S. 2763 57.3 %

1 - 294 6.1 %
2 - 492 10.2 %
3 - 99 2.1 %
4 - 917 19.0 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 27 0.6 %
9 No answer 9 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 1.15
• Median: 0.00
• Mode: 0.00
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 4.00

HOMPOP: NUMBER OF PERSONS IN HOUSEHOLD

Household Size and Composition
- 94 -
Frequency
1 - 1215 25.2 %
2 - 1658 34.4 %
3 - 752 15.6 %
4 - 641 13.3 %
5 - 321 6.7 %
6 - 149 3.1 %
7 - 50 1.0 %
8 - 27 0.6 %
9 - 3 0.1 %
10 - 3 0.1 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 2.59
• Median: 2.00
• Mode: 2.00
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 10.00

BABIES: HOUSEHOLD MEMBERS LESS THAN 6 YEARS OLD

NUMBER OF MEMBERS UNDER 6. UNDER 6 YEARS:

Frequency
0 - 4028 83.6 %
1 - 475 9.9 %
2 - 186 3.9 %
3 - 30 0.6 %
4 - 3 0.1 %
8 8 or more 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
- 95 -
• Mean: 0.20
• Median: 0.00
• Mode: 0.00
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 4.00

PRETEEN: HOUSEHOLD MEMBERS 6 THRU 12 YEARS OLD

NUMBER OF MEMBERS 6 TO 12 YEARS. 6-12 YEARS:

Frequency
0 - 3901 80.9 %
1 - 521 10.8 %
2 - 248 5.1 %
3 - 44 0.9 %
4 - 7 0.1 %
8 8 or more 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 0.25
• Median: 0.00
• Mode: 0.00
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 4.00

TEENS: HOUSEHOLD MEMBERS 13 THRU 17 YEARS OLD

NUMBER OF MEMBERS 13 TO 17 YEARS OLD. 13-17 YEARS:

Frequency
0 - 4106 85.2 %
1 - 468 9.7 %
2 - 127 2.6 %
3 - 16 0.3 %
4 - 4 0.1 %
- 96 -
Frequency
5 - 1 0.0 %
8 8 or more 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 0.17
• Median: 0.00
• Mode: 0.00
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 5.00

ADULTS: HOUSEHOLD MEMBERS 18 YEARS AND OLDER

NUMBER OF MEMBERS OVER 17 YEARS OLD. 18+ YEARS:
Notes: Remarks: See Appendices D and N for recodes and wording changes. See Appendix T, GSS Methodological Report No. 3.
See Appendix A for use of ADULTS as weight. If planning to perform trend analysis with this variable, please consult GSS
Methodological Report No. 56.

Frequency
1 - 1435 29.8 %
2 - 2479 51.4 %
3 - 554 11.5 %
4 - 211 4.4 %
5 - 53 1.1 %
6 - 15 0.3 %
7 - 1 0.0 %
8 8 or more 1 0.0 %
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 1.95
• Median: 2.00
• Mode: 2.00
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 8.00
- 97 -
UNRELAT: NUMBER IN HOUSEHOLD NOT RELATED
Is everyone in the household related to you in some way?
IF NO: How many persons in the household are not related to you in any
way?
Notes: Remarks: See Appendix N for changes across surveys.

Frequency
0 - 2927 60.7 %
1 - 339 7.0 %
2 - 75 1.6 %
3 - 34 0.7 %
4 - 15 0.3 %
5 - 4 0.1 %
6 - 2 0.0 %
7 - 1 0.0 %
8 8 or more 1 0.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 2 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 0.21
• Median: 0.00
• Mode: 0.00
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 8.00

EARNRS: HOW MANY IN FAMILY EARNED MONEY

(Just thinking about your family now--those people in the household who are related to you...) How many persons in the family
(including yourself) earned any money last year -- 2011 -- from any job or employment?

Frequency
0 - 913 18.9 %
1 - 1807 37.5 %
- 98 -
Frequency
2 - 1555 32.3 %
3 - 324 6.7 %
4 - 147 3.0 %
5 - 33 0.7 %
6 - 13 0.3 %
7 - 5 0.1 %
8 Eight or more 4 0.1 %
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 1.41
• Median: 1.00
• Mode: 1.00
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 8.00

INCOME: TOTAL FAMILY INCOME

In which of these groups did your total family income, from all sources, fall last year before taxes, that is? Just tell me the letter.
Notes: Remarks: Card D contained responses for Punches 01-12 only. See RINCOME, INCOME72, INCOME77, INCOME82,
INCOME86, INCOME91, and INCOME06 for comparable questions in 1972 and 1977+. For 1972, 1977, 1978, 1980, and 1982-
2006 income has been recoded from these questions to match the categories in INCOME. If planning to perform trend analysis
with this variable, please consult GSS Methodological Report No. 56.

Frequency
1 Less than $1000 58 1.2 %

2 $1000 to 2999 46 1.0 %
3 $3000 to 3999 35 0.7 %
4 $4000 to 4999 28 0.6 %
5 $5000 to 5999 23 0.5 %
6 $6000 to 6999 44 0.9 %
7 $7000 to 7999 52 1.1 %
8 $8000 to 9999 98 2.0 %
9 $10000 - 14999 314 6.5 %
10 $15000 - 19999 248 5.1 %
11 $20000 - 24999 303 6.3 %
12 $25000 or more 3125 64.8 %
- 99 -
Frequency
Missing Data
13 Refused 222 4.6 %
98 Don't know 224 4.6 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 12.00

(Range of) Missing Values: 0 , 13 , 98 , 99
RINCOME: RESPONDENT'S INCOME
Did you earn any income from (OCCUPATION DESCRIBED IN OCC-

INDUSTRY) in [the previous year]?
IF YES: In which of these groups did your earnings from (OCCUPATION IN

OCC) for last year--[the pevious year]--fall? That is, before taxes or
other deductions. Just tell me the letter.
Notes: Remarks: Card E contained responses for Punches 01-12 only. RINCOME responses are not in these data, but are
contained in RINCOME. See RINCOM77, RINCOM82, RINCOM86, RINCOM91, RINCOM98 and RINCOM06 for comparable
questions in 1977, 1978-1980, 1982-2006 surveys.

Frequency
1 Less than $1000 61 1.3 %

2 $1000 to 2999 76 1.6 %
3 $3000 to 3999 62 1.3 %
4 $4000 to 4999 44 0.9 %
5 $5000 to 5999 50 1.0 %
6 $6000 to 6999 54 1.1 %
7 $7000 to 7999 50 1.0 %
8 $8000 to 9999 74 1.5 %
9 $10000 - 14999 249 5.2 %
10 $15000 - 19999 183 3.8 %
11 $20000 - 24999 253 5.2 %
12 $25000 or more 1676 34.8 %
Missing Data
13 Refused 170 3.5 %
- 100 -
Frequency
98 Don't know 56 1.2 %

Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 12.00

INCOME06: TOTAL FAMILY INCOME (YRS 2006-2012)
In which of these groups did your total family income, from all
sources, fall last year -- 2011 -- before taxes, that is. Just tell me
the letter.
Total income includes interest or dividends, rent, Social Security,

other pensions, alimony or child support, unemployment compensation,
public aid (welfare), armed forces or veteran's allotment.
Notes: Remarks: Hand Card A20 reads: Total income includes interest or dividends, rent, Social Security, other pension, alimony or
child support, unemployment compensation, public aid (welfare), armed forces or veteran's allotment.

Frequency
1 Under $1 000 56 1.2 %

2 $1 000 to 2 999 45 0.9 %
3 $3 000 to 3 999 35 0.7 %
4 $4 000 to 4 999 28 0.6 %
5 $5 000 to 5 999 23 0.5 %
6 $6 000 to 6 999 40 0.8 %
7 $7 000 to 7 999 52 1.1 %
8 $8 000 to 9 999 100 2.1 %
9 $10000 to 12499 164 3.4 %
10 $12500 to 14999 149 3.1 %
11 $15000 to 17499 139 2.9 %
12 $17500 to 19999 110 2.3 %
13 $20000 to 22499 149 3.1 %
14 $22500 to 24999 153 3.2 %
15 $25000 to 29999 215 4.5 %
16 $30000 to 34999 254 5.3 %
17 $35000 to 39999 229 4.8 %
18 $40000 to 49999 388 8.0 %
- 101 -
Frequency
19 $50000 to 59999 327 6.8 %

20 $60000 to 74999 422 8.8 %
21 $75000 to $89999 316 6.6 %
22 $90000 to $109999 297 6.2 %
23 $110000 to $129999 191 4.0 %
24 $130000 to $149999 132 2.7 %
25 $150000 or over 360 7.5 %
Missing Data
26 Refused 222 4.6 %
98 Don't know 224 4.6 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 25.00

RINCOM06: RESPONDENT'S INCOME (YRS 2006-2012)

In which of these groups did your earnings from (OCC), from all sources for 2011 fall? That is, before taxes or other deductions.
Just tell me the letter.
Notes: Remarks: Hand Card A20 reads: Total income includes interest or dividends, rent, Social Security, other pension, alimony or
child support, unemployment compensation, public aid (welfare), armed forces or veteran's allotment.

Frequency
1 Under $1 000 61 1.3 %

2 $1 000 to 2 999 76 1.6 %
3 $3 000 to 3 999 62 1.3 %
4 $4 000 to 4 999 44 0.9 %
5 $5 000 to 5 999 50 1.0 %
6 $6 000 to 6 999 54 1.1 %
7 $7 000 to 7 999 50 1.0 %
8 $8 000 to 9 999 74 1.5 %
9 $10000 to 12499 129 2.7 %
10 $12500 to 14999 120 2.5 %
11 $15000 to 17499 89 1.8 %
12 $17500 to 19999 94 2.0 %
13 $20000 to 22499 120 2.5 %
- 102 -
Frequency
14 $22500 to 24999 133 2.8 %

15 $25000 to 29999 179 3.7 %
16 $30000 to 34999 208 4.3 %
17 $35000 to 39999 171 3.5 %
18 $40000 to 49999 287 6.0 %
19 $50000 to 59999 203 4.2 %
20 $60000 to 74999 217 4.5 %
21 $75000 to $89999 128 2.7 %
22 $90000 to $109999 114 2.4 %
23 $110000 to $129999 53 1.1 %
24 $130000 to $149999 35 0.7 %
25 $150000 or over 81 1.7 %
Missing Data
26 Refused 170 3.5 %
98 Don't know 56 1.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 25.00

REGION: REGION OF INTERVIEW

REGION OF INTERVIEW
Notes: Remarks: See REG16 for a listing of states within regions, or refer to Statistical Abstract (any edition), published by U.S.
Bureau of the Census, for this information.

Frequency
1 New England 225 4.7 %

2 Middle Atlantic 596 12.4 %
3 East North Central 831 17.2 %
4 West North Central 301 6.2 %
5 South Atlantic 1041 21.6 %
6 East South Central 289 6.0 %
7 West South Central 480 10.0 %
8 Mountain 364 7.6 %
- 103 -
Frequency
9 Pacific 692 14.4 %

Missing Data
0 Not assigned 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 9.00

XNORCSIZ: EXPANDED N.O.R.C. SIZE CODE

NORC SIZE OF PLACE
Notes: Remarks: See Appendix T, GSS Methodological Report No. 4.

Frequency
1 City greater than 250000 781 16.2 %

2 City, 50-250000 763 15.8 %
3 Suburb, large city 967 20.1 %
4 Suburb, medium city 495 10.3 %
5 Unincorporated, large city 418 8.7 %
6 Unincorporated, medium city 405 8.4 %
7 City, 10-49999 225 4.7 %
8 Town greater than 2500 215 4.5 %
9 Smaller areas 39 0.8 %
10 Open country 512 10.6 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 10.00

SRCBELT: SRC BELTCODE

SRC (SURVEY RESEARCH CENTER, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN) NEW BELT CODE
Notes: Remarks: The SRC belt code is described in Appendix D: Recodes. See Appendix N for changes across surveys. See
Appendix T, GSS Methodological Report No. 4. In 2000, the Census adopted the concept of "principal cities" to replace "central
cities."
- 104 -
Frequency
1 12 largest SMSAs 420 8.7 %

2 SMSAs 13-100 582 12.1 %
3 Suburb, 12 largest 541 11.2 %
4 Suburb, 13-100 885 18.4 %
5 Other urban 1782 37.0 %
6 Other rural 610 12.7 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 6.00

SIZE: SIZE OF PLACE IN THOUSANDS

SIZE OF PLACE
Notes: Remarks: This code is the population to the nearest 1,000 of the smallest civil division listed by the U.S. Census (city, town,
other incorporated area over 1,000 in population, township, division, etc.) which encompasses the segment. If a segment falls into
more than one locality, the following rules apply in determining the locality for which the rounded population figure is coded. If the
predominance of the listings for any segment are in one of the localities, the rounded population of that locality is coded. If the
listings are distributed equally over localities in the segment, and the localities are all cities, towns, or villages, the rounded
population of the larger city or town is coded. The same is true if the localities are all rural townships or divisions. If the listings are
distributed equally over localities in the segment and the localities include a town or village and a rural township or division, the
rounded population of the town or village is coded. The source of the data is the 1970 U.S. Census population figures published in
the PC (1)-A series, Tables 6 and 10. For cases from the 1980 and 1990 frames analogous tables from the 1980 and 1990
Censuses were used. See Appendix N for changes across surveys.
• Mean: 365.21
• Median: 27.00
• Mode: 4.00
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 8175.00

RES2008: WAS R LIVING IN USA DURING APRIL-JUNE 2008
During April through June 2008, were you living in the United
States or were you living outside of the country?
Added text: ONLY THE 50 STATES COUNT AS THE U.S. PUERTO RICO, THE
VIRGIN ISLANDS, AND OTHER U.S. TERRITORIES DO NOT COUNT AS LIVING IN
- 105 -
THE U.S. IF LIVING IN THE U.S. FOR PART OF THIS PERIOD, CODE AS
'LIVING IN THE U.S.'
Notes: Remarks: See RES2006 remarks.

Frequency
1 Living in the U.S. 1931 40.1 %

2 Not living in U.S. 40 0.8 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

RES2010: WAS R LIVING IN USA DURING APRIL-JUNE 2010

During April through June 2010, were you living in the United States or were you living outside of the country?
Notes: Remarks: See RES2006 remarks.

Frequency
1 Living in the U.S. 1951 40.5 %

2 Not living in U.S. 20 0.4 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

CSHUTYP08: APRIL TO JUNE LIVE IN HOUSE
- 106 -
During April through June 2008, were you a resident in a household - such as living in a house, apartment or similar residence - or
did you live elsewhere such as living in an institution like a college dorm, military barrack, work camp, shelter, residential treatment
center, long-term medical care facility or nursing home?

Frequency
1 Living in household 1937 40.2 %

2 Living in institution 25 0.5 %
3 Homeless (volunteered) 3 0.1 %
4 Other 2 0.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 5 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

CSHUTYP10: DURING APRIL THROUGH JUNE 2010, WERE YOU A RESIDENT IN A

HOUSEHOLD -- SUCH AS LIVING IN A HOUSE, APARTMENT OR SIMILAR RESIDENCE
During April through June 2010, were you a resident in a household - such as living in a house, apartment or similar residence - or
did you live elsewhere such as living in an institution like a college dorm, military barrack, work camp, shelter, residential treatment
center, long-term medical care facility or nursing home?
Notes: Remarks: For CSHUTYP06 through CSHUTYP10, OTHER EXAMPLES OF INSTITUTIONS/GROUP QUARTERS
INCLUDE PRISONS AND JAILS, FRATERNITIES AND SORORITIES, REGULAR MOTELS AND HOTELS, GROUP HOMES,
MONASTERIES, RESIDENTIAL DRUG TREATMENT CENTERS, AND MENTAL HOSPITALS. Further, interviewer coded "living in
household" if R reported living in a household for part of this period.

Frequency
1 Living in household 1944 40.3 %

2 Living in institution 19 0.4 %
3 Homeless (volunteered) 4 0.1 %
4 Other 4 0.1 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 3 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 107 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

VISART: HOW OFTEN R VISITED ART MUSEUM LAST YEAR
Now, I am going to read you a short list of places and ask you
to tell me how many times you visited each type of place during the
last year, that is, the last 12 months. If you did not visit any given
place, just say none. First...
An art museum. How many times did you visit an art museum during the
last year?
TIMES:
Added text: FI INSTRUCTION: ENTER ZERO IF NO VISITS.

Frequency
0 - 1514 31.4 %
1 - 368 7.6 %
2 - 167 3.5 %
3 - 74 1.5 %
4 - 35 0.7 %
5 - 27 0.6 %
6 - 18 0.4 %
7 - 4 0.1 %
8 - 5 0.1 %
10 - 13 0.3 %
12 - 9 0.2 %
14 - 1 0.0 %
15 - 3 0.1 %
20 - 6 0.1 %
24 - 2 0.0 %
30 - 3 0.1 %
Missing Data
998 Don't know 0 0.0 %
999 No answer 7 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 108 -
• Mean: 0.86
• Median: 0.00
• Mode: 0.00
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 30.00

VISNHIST: HOW OFTEN R VISITED NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM LAST YEAR
A natural history museum. (How many times did you visit a

natural history museum during the last year?)
TIMES:

Frequency
0 - 1623 33.7 %
1 - 430 8.9 %
2 - 120 2.5 %
3 - 35 0.7 %
4 - 16 0.3 %
5 - 14 0.3 %
8 - 2 0.0 %
9 - 1 0.0 %
10 - 2 0.0 %
12 - 3 0.1 %
15 - 2 0.0 %
20 - 1 0.0 %
Missing Data
998 Don't know 0 0.0 %
999 No answer 7 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 0.46
• Median: 0.00
• Mode: 0.00
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 20.00
- 109 -
VISZOO: HOW OFTEN R VISITED ZOO LAST YEAR
A zoo or aquarium. (How many times did you visit a zoo or

aquarium during the last year?)
TIMES:

Frequency
0 - 1225 25.4 %
1 - 592 12.3 %
2 - 238 4.9 %
3 - 80 1.7 %
4 - 34 0.7 %
5 - 31 0.6 %
6 - 16 0.3 %
7 - 1 0.0 %
8 - 5 0.1 %
10 - 11 0.2 %
12 - 4 0.1 %
15 - 5 0.1 %
20 - 2 0.0 %
30 - 1 0.0 %
50 - 1 0.0 %
95 - 2 0.0 %
Missing Data
998 Don't know 1 0.0 %
999 No answer 7 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 1.02
• Median: 0.00
• Mode: 0.00
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 95.00
- 110 -
VISSCI: HOW OFTEN R VISITED SCIENCE MUSEUM LAST YEAR
A science or technology museum. (How many times did you visit a

science or technology museum during the last year?)
TIMES:

Frequency
0 - 1714 35.6 %
1 - 373 7.7 %
2 - 98 2.0 %
3 - 26 0.5 %
4 - 12 0.2 %
5 - 9 0.2 %
6 - 8 0.2 %
7 - 1 0.0 %
8 - 2 0.0 %
10 - 3 0.1 %
15 - 1 0.0 %
50 - 1 0.0 %
Missing Data
998 Don't know 1 0.0 %
999 No answer 7 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 0.40
• Median: 0.00
• Mode: 0.00
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 50.00

VISLIB: HOW OFTEN R VISITED PUBLIC LIBRARY LAST YEAR
A public library. (How many times did you visit a public
- 111 -
library during the last year?)
TIMES:

Frequency
0 - 852 17.7 %
1 - 213 4.4 %
2 - 200 4.1 %
3 - 122 2.5 %
4 - 97 2.0 %
5 - 116 2.4 %
6 - 67 1.4 %
7 - 15 0.3 %
8 - 15 0.3 %
9 - 1 0.0 %
10 - 99 2.1 %
11 - 3 0.1 %
12 - 96 2.0 %
13 - 2 0.0 %
14 - 3 0.1 %
15 - 24 0.5 %
16 - 1 0.0 %
18 - 3 0.1 %
20 - 63 1.3 %
22 - 1 0.0 %
23 - 1 0.0 %
24 - 19 0.4 %
25 - 27 0.6 %
26 - 5 0.1 %
28 - 1 0.0 %
30 - 31 0.6 %
35 - 1 0.0 %
36 - 7 0.1 %
40 - 18 0.4 %
45 - 2 0.0 %
46 - 1 0.0 %
48 - 2 0.0 %
50 - 50 1.0 %
52 - 28 0.6 %
- 112 -
Frequency
58 - 1 0.0 %
60 - 7 0.1 %
65 - 1 0.0 %
72 - 1 0.0 %
75 - 1 0.0 %
80 - 2 0.0 %
Missing Data
998 Don't know 2 0.0 %
999 No answer 55 1.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 6.74
• Median: 2.00
• Mode: 0.00
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 80.00

PRFMNCE: DID R GO TO A PERFORMANCE IN LAST 12 MONTHS
With the exception of elementary or high school performances,

did you go to a live music, theater, or dance performance, during the
last 12 months?
Added text: PAY SPECIAL ATTENTION TO THE HANDCARD NUMBER INDICATED FOR
THE QUESTIONS ASKED. DEPENDING ON THE RESPONDENT'S ANSWERS, YOU WILL
NEED TO REFER HIM/HER TO HANDCARD P1, P2, OR P3.

Frequency
1 Yes 1275 26.5 %

2 No 1564 32.4 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 113 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

ARTEXBT: DID R GO TO AN ART EXHIBIT IN LAST 12 MONTHS

During the last 12 months, did you go to an art exhibit, such as paintings, sculpture, textiles, graphic design, or photography?

Frequency
1 Yes 949 19.7 %

2 No 1890 39.2 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

PRFMMUS: WAS IT A MUSIC PERFORMANCE

Music

Frequency
1 Yes 652 13.5 %

2 No 250 5.2 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 9 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

- 114 -
PRFMDAN: WAS IT A DANCE PERFORMANCE
Dance

Frequency
1 Yes 253 5.2 %

2 No 650 13.5 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 7 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

PRFMTHE: WAS IT A THEATER PERFORMANCE

Theater

Frequency
1 Yes 369 7.7 %

2 No 536 11.1 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 5 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

PRFMATT: DID R ATTEND PERFORMANCE ALONE OR WITH OTHERS

Did you attend this performance alone, with one other person, or with two or more other people?
- 115 -
Frequency
1 Alone 32 0.7 %
2 With one other person 394 8.2 %
3 With two or more other people 479 9.9 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

PRFMATT1: ATTENDED PERFORMANCE WITH SPOUSE OR PARTNER

Spouse or partner

Frequency
1 Yes 471 9.8 %

2 No 403 8.4 %
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

PRFMATT2: ATTENDED PERFORMANCE WITH CHILD

Child

Frequency
1 Yes 202 4.2 %

2 No 672 13.9 %
- 116 -
Frequency
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

PRFMATT3: ATTENDED PERFORMANCE WITH FRIEND

Friend

Frequency
1 Yes 476 9.9 %

2 No 398 8.3 %
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

PRFMATT4: ATTENDED PERFORMANCE WITH RELATIVE

Relative

Frequency
1 Yes 255 5.3 %

2 No 619 12.8 %
Missing Data
- 117 -
Frequency
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

PRFMATT5: ATTENDED PERFORMANCE WITH OTHER

Someone else

Frequency
1 Yes 110 2.3 %

2 No 764 15.9 %
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

PRFMFREE: WAS PERFORMANCE ATTENDED FREE

Was the performance you attended free, or was there an admission fee?

Frequency
1 Free 204 4.2 %

2 Admission fee 696 14.4 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 118 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

PRFMWHY: IMPORTANCE OF LOW COST IN DECISION TO ATTEND PERFORMANCE
People attend performances for different reasons. How big a

reason was low cost in your decision to attend this performance? Was
it a major reason, a minor reason, or not a reason at all?
Added text: SAY, "THIS CARD SHOWS SOME REASONS THAT PEOPLE ATTEND
PERFORMANCES."

Frequency
1 Major reason 117 2.4 %

2 Minor reason 200 4.1 %
3 Not a reason 588 12.2 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

PRFMWHY1: IMPORTANCE OF WANTING TO EXPERIENCE HIGH QUALITY ART IN DECISION

TO ATTEND PERFORMANCE
(People attend performances for different reasons.) How big a reason was wanting to experience high quality art in your decision to
attend this performance? Was it a major reason, a minor reason, or not a reason at all?

Frequency

Missing Data
- 119 -
Frequency

9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

PRFMWHY2: IMPORTANCE OF WANTING TO SOCIALIZE WITH FRIENDS OR FAMILY IN

DECISION TO ATTEND PERFORMANCE
How big a reason was wanting to socialize with family or friends in your decision to attend this performance? Was it a major
reason, a minor reason, or not a reason at all?

Frequency

Missing Data
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

PRFMWHY3: IMPORTANCE OF WANTING TO CELEBRATE CULTURAL HERITAGE IN

DECISION TO ATTEND PERFORMANCE
How big a reason was wanting to learn about or celebrate your or your family's cultural heritage in your decision to attend this
performance? Was it a major reason, a minor reason, or not a reason at all?

Frequency

- 120 -
Frequency

Missing Data
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

PRFMWHY4: IMPORTANCE OF WANTING TO SUPPORT COMMUNITY IN DECISION TO

ATTEND PERFORMANCE
How big a reason was wanting to support a community organization or event in your decision to attend this performance? Was it a
major reason, a minor reason, or not a reason at all?

Frequency

Missing Data
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

PRFMWHY5: IMPORTANCE OF WANTING TO LEARN IN DECISION TO ATTEND

PERFORMANCE
How big a reason was wanting to gain knowledge or learn something new in your decision to attend this performance? Was it a
- 121 -
Frequency

Missing Data
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

PRFMWHY6: IMPORTANCE OF LOCATION IN DECISION TO ATTEND PERFORMANCE

How big a reason was wanting to experience a performance at this location in your decision to attend this performance? Was it a

Frequency

Missing Data
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

PRFMWHY7: IMPORTANCE OF SPECIFIC INDIVIDUAL PERFORMER IN DECISION TO ATTEND

PERFORMANCE
How big a reason was wanting to see a specific, individual performer in your decision to attend this performance? Was it a major
- 122 -
Frequency

Missing Data
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

PRFMWHY8: WAS THERE ANOTHER MAJOR REASON IN DECISION TO ATTEND

PERFORMANCE
Was there some other major reason for your decision to attend that is not shown on the card?

Frequency
1 Gift, free 90 1.9 %

2 School 9 0.2 %
3 Want to see 10 0.2 %
4 Variety, something different, new experience 5 0.1 %
5 Win meal, drinks 5 0.1 %
6 Enjoyment, pure entertainment 34 0.7 %
7 Religious 5 0.1 %
8 For children, educational 6 0.1 %
19 Miscellaneous 22 0.5 %
97 None 718 14.9 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 97.00
- 123 -
ARTATT: ATTENDED EXHIBIT ALONE OR WITH OTHERS
You said that in the last 12 months you attended an exhibit.

I'd like to ask you a few questions about the last time you did this
type of activity.
Did you attend this exhibit alone, with one other person, or with two
or more other people?

Frequency
1 Alone 61 1.3 %
2 With one other person 260 5.4 %
3 With two or more other people 278 5.8 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

ARTATT1: ATTENDED ART EXHIBIT WITH SPOUSE OR PARTNER

Spouse or partner

Frequency
1 Yes 284 5.9 %

2 No 251 5.2 %
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
- 124 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

ARTATT2: ATTENDED ART EXHIBIT WITH CHILD

Child

Frequency
1 Yes 186 3.9 %

2 No 351 7.3 %
Missing Data
9 Refused 42 0.9 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

ARTATT3: ATTENDED ART EXHIBIT WITH FRIEND

Friend

Frequency
1 Yes 229 4.8 %

2 No 308 6.4 %
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

- 125 -
ARTATT4: ATTENDED ART EXHIBIT WITH RELATIVE
Relative

Frequency
1 Yes 139 2.9 %

2 No 398 8.3 %
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

ARTATT5: ATTENDED ART EXHIBIT WITH OTHER

Someone else

Frequency
1 Yes 58 1.2 %
2 No 479 9.9 %
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

ARTFREE: WAS EXHIBIT ATTENDED FREE

Was the exhibit you attended free, or was there an admission fee?
- 126 -
Frequency
1 Free 371 7.7 %

2 Admission fee 225 4.7 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

ARTWHY1: IMPORTANCE OF LOW COST IN DECISION TO ATTEND EXHIBIT
People attend exhibits for different reasons. How big a reason

was low cost in your decision to attend this exhibit? Was it a major
Added text: SAY, "THIS CARD SHOWS SOME REASONS THAT PEOPLE ATTEND
EXHIBITS."

Frequency

Missing Data
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

- 127 -
ARTWHY2: IMPORTANCE OF WANTING TO EXPERIENCE HIGH QUALITY ART IN DECISION
TO ATTEND EXHIBIT
How big a reason was wanting to experience high quality art in your decision to attend this exhibit? Was it a major reason, a minor
reason, or not a reason at all?

Frequency

Missing Data
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

ARTWHY3: IMPORTANCE OF WANTING TO SOCIALIZE WITH FRIENDS OR FAMILY IN

DECISION TO ATTEND EXHIBIT
How big a reason was wanting to socialize with family or friends in your decision to attend this exhibit? Was it a major reason, a
minor reason, or not a reason at all?

Frequency

Missing Data
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

- 128 -
ARTWHY4: IMPORTANCE OF WANTING TO CELEBRATE CULTURAL HERITAGE IN DECISION
TO ATTEND EXHIBIT
How big a reason was wanting to learn about or celebrate your or your family's cultural heritage in your decision to attend this
exhibit? Was it a major reason, a minor reason, or not a reason at all?

Frequency

Missing Data
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

ARTWHY5: IMPORTANCE OF WANTING TO SUPPORT COMMUNITY IN DECISION TO ATTEND

EXHIBIT
How big a reason was wanting to support a community organization or event in your decision to attend this exhibit? Was it a major

Frequency

Missing Data
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

- 129 -
ARTWHY6: IMPORTANCE OF WANTING TO LEARN IN DECISION TO ATTEND EXHIBIT
How big a reason was wanting to gain knowledge or learn something new in your decision to attend this exhibit? Was it a major

Frequency

Missing Data
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

ARTWHY7: IMPORTANCE OF LOCATION IN DECISION TO ATTEND EXHIBIT

How big a reason was wanting to see an exhibit at this location in your decision to attend this exhibit? Was it a major reason, a
minor reason, or not a reason at all?

Frequency

Missing Data
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

- 130 -
ARTWHY8: WAS THERE ANOTHER MAJOR REASON IN DECISION TO ATTEND EXHIBIT
Was there some other major reason for your decision to attend that is not shown on the card?

Frequency
1 Gift, free 28 0.6 %

2 School 2 0.0 %
3 Want to see 2 0.0 %
4 Variety, something different, new experience 3 0.1 %
5 Win meal, drinks 1 0.0 %
6 Enjoyment, pure entertainment 9 0.2 %
7 Religious 0 0.0 %
8 For children, educational 7 0.1 %
10 See this artist 34 0.7 %
11 Work related 8 0.2 %
12 Get gift, buy art 1 0.0 %
19 Other 32 0.7 %
97 None 470 9.8 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 2 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 97.00

ARTNOGO: PERFORMANCE OR EXHIBIT R WANTED TO GO TO IN PAST 12 MONTHS BUT DID

NOT
During the last 12 months, was there a performance or exhibit that you wanted to go to but did not?

Frequency
1 Yes 374 7.8 %

2 No 958 19.9 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
- 131 -
Frequency
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

ARTNOGO1: PERFORMANCE OR EXHIBIT

Was it a performance or an exhibit?

Frequency
1 Performance 229 4.8 %

2 Exhibit 113 2.3 %
3 Both performance and exhibit 29 0.6 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

PRFMCOST: DID NOT GO TO PERFORMANCE DUE TO COST
Thinking about the most recent performance you wanted to attend

but did not, which of the following factors were important in your
decision not to attend?
Cost too much.

Frequency
1 A reason 104 2.2 %

Missing Data
- 132 -
Frequency

9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

PRFMINT: DID NOT GO TO PERFORMANCE SINCE NOT OF INTEREST

Programs or events were not of interest.

Frequency
1 A reason 20 0.4 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

PRFMTRVL: DID NOT GO TO PERFORMANCE BECAUSE TOO DIFICULT TO GET THERE

Too difficult to get there.

Frequency
1 A reason 78 1.6 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
- 133 -
Frequency
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

PRFMGST: DID NOT GO TO PERFORMANCE BECAUSE COULDN'T FIND ANYONE TO GO

WITH
Could not find anyone to go with.

Frequency
1 A reason 56 1.2 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

PRFMTIME: DID NOT GO TO PERFORMANCE DUE TO LACK OF TIME

Could not find the time.

Frequency
1 A reason 93 1.9 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 134 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

PRFMLOC: DID NOT WANT TO GO TO THAT LOCATION [PERFORMANCE]

Did not want to go to that location.

Frequency
1 A reason 25 0.5 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

PRFMOTHR: OTHER REASON WHY DID NOT GO TO PERFORMANCE

Some other reason not shown.

Frequency
1 Work 21 0.4 %
2 Sick, handicapped 15 0.3 %
3 Sold out, no ticket 6 0.1 %
4 No child care, baby sitter 7 0.1 %
19 Other 12 0.2 %
97 None 179 3.7 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 135 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 97.00

ARTCOST: DID NOT GO TO ART EXHIBIT DUE TO COST
Thinking about the most recent exhibit you wanted to attend but
did not, which of the following factors were important in your
decision not to attend?
Cost too much.

Frequency
1 A reason 36 0.7 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

ARTINT: DID NOT GO TO ART EXHIBIT SINCE NOT OF INTEREST

Programs or events were not of interest.

Frequency
1 A reason 10 0.2 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 136 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

ARTTRVL: DID NOT GO TO ART EXHIBIT BECAUSE TOO DIFICULT TO GET THERE
Too difficult to get there.

Frequency
1 A reason 53 1.1 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

ARTGST: DID NOT GO TO ART EXHIBIT BECAUSE COULDN'T FIND ANYONE TO GO WITH
Could not find anyone to go with.

Frequency
1 A reason 32 0.7 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00
- 137 -
ARTTIME: DID NOT GO TO ART EXHIBIT DUE TO LACK OF TIME

Could not find the time.

Frequency
1 A reason 71 1.5 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

ARTLOC: DID NOT WANT TO GO TO THAT LOCATION [ART EXHIBIT]

Did not want to go to that location.

Frequency
1 A reason 9 0.2 %
Missing Data
9 Refused 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

ARTOTHR: OTHER REASON WHY DID NOT GO TO ART EXHIBIT

Some other reason not shown.
- 138 -
Frequency
1 A reason 26 0.5 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

REFRTWHY: MOST IMPORTANT FACTOR IN NOT ATTENDING

Of these factors, which one was the most important in your decision not to attend?

Frequency
1 Cost too much 63 1.3 %

2 Programs or events were not of interest 0 0.0 %
3 Too difficult to get there 41 0.9 %
4 Could not find anyone to go with 20 0.4 %
5 Could not find the time 69 1.4 %
6 Did not want to go to that location 5 0.1 %
7 Work 17 0.4 %
8 Sick, handicapped 13 0.3 %
9 Sold out, no ticket 2 0.0 %
10 No child care, baby sitter 4 0.1 %
19 Other 6 0.1 %
97 None 5 0.1 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 97.00
- 139 -
PARTYID: POLITICAL PARTY AFFILIATION

Generally speaking, do you usually think of yourself as a Republican, Democrat, Independent, or what?
Notes: Remarks: See Appendix D: Recodes, for original question format and method of recoding. See Appendix N for changes
across surveys. If planning to perform trend analysis with this variable, please consult GSS Methodological Report No. 56.

Frequency
0 Strong Democrat 861 17.9 %

1 Not strong Democrat 860 17.8 %
2 Independent, near Democrat 581 12.1 %
3 Independent 823 17.1 %
4 Independent, near Republican 435 9.0 %
5 Not strong Republican 629 13.0 %
6 Strong Republican 489 10.1 %
7 Other party 113 2.3 %
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 7.00

VOTE08: DID R VOTE IN 2008 ELECTION

In 2008, you remember that Obama ran for President on the Democratic ticket against McCain for the Republicans. Do you
remember for sure whether or not you voted in that election?

Frequency
1 Voted 3345 69.4 %

2 Did not vote 1168 24.2 %
3 Ineligible 243 5.0 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 52 1.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 140 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

PRES08: VOTE OBAMA OR MCCAIN

Did you vote for Obama or McCain?

Frequency
1 Obama 1958 40.6 %

2 McCain 1190 24.7 %
3 Other candidate (specify) 66 1.4 %
4 Didn't vote 19 0.4 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 38 0.8 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

IF08WHO: WHO YOU WOULD HAVE VOTED FOR

Who would you have voted for, for President, if you had voted?

Frequency
1 Obama 726 15.1 %

2 McCain 325 6.7 %
3 Other 235 4.9 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 116 2.4 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 141 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

POLVIEWS: THINK OF SELF AS LIBERAL OR CONSERVATIVE

We hear a lot of talk these days about liberals and conservatives. I'm going to show you a seven-point scale on which the political
views that people might hold are arranged from extremely liberal--point 1--to extremely conservative--point 7. Where would you
place yourself on this scale?
Notes: Remarks: Card Q contained responses for punches 1 through 7. POLVIEWS was asked on both Form 1 and Form 2 at
different points in the interview in 1978. POLVIEWS appeared only on Form 1 in 1983. For locating the questions, see
http://www.norc.org/GSS+Website/Publications/GSS+Questionnaires/ See POLVIEWY & POLVIEWX

Frequency
1 Extremely liberal 179 3.7 %

2 Liberal 598 12.4 %
3 Slightly liberal 520 10.8 %
4 Moderate 1755 36.4 %
5 Slightly conservative 674 14.0 %
6 Conservative 721 15.0 %
7 Extremely conservative 193 4.0 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 148 3.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 7.00

NATSPAC: SPACE EXPLORATION PROGRAM
First I would like to talk with you about some things people
think about today. We are faced with many problems in this country,
none of which can be solved easily or inexpensively. I'm going to name
some of these problems, and for each one I'd like you to tell me
whether you think we're spending too much money on it, too little
money, or about the right amount.
First: The space exploration program
... are we spending too much, too little, or about the right amount on
- 142 -
The space exploration program?

Frequency
1 Too little 549 11.4 %

2 About right 933 19.4 %
3 Too much 730 15.1 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 167 3.5 %
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

NATENVIR: IMPROVING & PROTECTING ENVIRONMENT
(I would like to talk with you about some things people think
about today. We are faced with many problems in this country, none of
which can be solved easily or inexpensively. I'm going to name some of
these problems, and for each one I'd like you to tell me whether you
think we're spending too much money on it, too little money, or about
the right amount.)
Improving and protecting the environment
(... are we spending too much, too little, or about the right amount
on Improving and protecting the environment?)

Frequency
1 Too little 1339 27.8 %

3 Too much 249 5.2 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 46 1.0 %
9 No answer 2 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 143 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

NATHEAL: IMPROVING & PROTECTING NATIONS HEALTH
(First I would like to talk with you about some things people
money, or about the right amount.)
Improving and protecting the nation's health
on Improving and protecting the nation's health?)

Frequency
1 Too little 1478 30.7 %

3 Too much 263 5.5 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 49 1.0 %
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

NATCITY: SOLVING PROBLEMS OF BIG CITIES
Solving the problems of the big cities
- 144 -
on Solving the problems of the big cities?)

Frequency
1 Too little 923 19.1 %

3 Too much 380 7.9 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 222 4.6 %
9 No answer 9 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

NATCRIME: HALTING RISING CRIME RATE
the right amount.)
Halting the rising crime rate
on Halting the rising crime rate?)

Frequency
1 Too little 1335 27.7 %

3 Too much 170 3.5 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 74 1.5 %
9 No answer 3 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 145 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

NATDRUG: DEALING WITH DRUG ADDICTION
Dealing with drug addiction
on Dealing with drug addiction?)

Frequency
1 Too little 1282 26.6 %

3 Too much 270 5.6 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 85 1.8 %
9 No answer 5 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

NATEDUC: IMPROVING NATION'S EDUCATION SYSTEM
- 146 -
Improving the nation's education system
on Improving the nation's education system?)

Frequency
1 Too little 1729 35.9 %

3 Too much 175 3.6 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 24 0.5 %
9 No answer 2 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

NATRACE: IMPROVING THE CONDITIONS OF BLACKS
Improving the conditions of Blacks
on Improving the conditions of Blacks?)

Frequency
1 Too little 746 15.5 %

3 Too much 340 7.1 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 229 4.8 %
- 147 -
Frequency
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

NATARMS: MILITARY, ARMAMENTS, AND DEFENSE
the right amount.)
The military, armaments and defense
on The military, armaments and defense?)

Frequency
1 Too little 599 12.4 %

3 Too much 783 16.2 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 62 1.3 %
9 No answer 2 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

NATAID: FOREIGN AID
- 148 -
the right amount.)
Foreign aid
on Foreign aid?)

Frequency
1 Too little 188 3.9 %

3 Too much 1492 31.0 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 111 2.3 %
9 No answer 5 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

NATFARE: WELFARE
Welfare
on Welfare?)

Frequency

3 Too much 1036 21.5 %
Missing Data
- 149 -
Frequency

8 Don't know 77 1.6 %
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

NATROAD: HIGHWAYS AND BRIDGES
the right amount.)
Highways and bridges
on Highways and bridges?)

Frequency
1 Too little 2172 45.1 %

3 Too much 536 11.1 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 110 2.3 %
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

- 150 -
NATSOC: SOCIAL SECURITY
the right amount.)
Social Security
on Social Security?)

Frequency
1 Too little 2648 54.9 %

3 Too much 302 6.3 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 198 4.1 %
9 No answer 9 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

NATMASS: MASS TRANSPORTATION
the right amount.)
Mass transportation
on Mass transportation?)
- 151 -
Frequency
1 Too little 1839 38.2 %

3 Too much 490 10.2 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 305 6.3 %
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

NATPARK: PARKS AND RECREATION
the right amount.)
Parks and recreation
on Parks and recreation?)

Frequency
1 Too little 1497 31.1 %

3 Too much 284 5.9 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 114 2.4 %
9 No answer 2 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
- 152 -
• Maximum: 3.00

NATCHLD: ASSISTANCE FOR CHILDCARE
the right amount.)
Assistance for childcare
on Assistance for childcare?)

Frequency
1 Too little 2161 44.8 %

3 Too much 416 8.6 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 333 6.9 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

NATSCI: SUPPORTING SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH
the right amount.)
Supporting scientific research
- 153 -
on Supporting scientific research?)
Notes: Remarks: NATSPAC to WELFARE appeared only on Form 1 in 1984+. See Appendix T, GSS Methodological Report Nos.
30, 33, 54, and 81.

Frequency
1 Too little 1781 37.0 %

3 Too much 560 11.6 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 306 6.3 %
9 No answer 5 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

NATENRGY: DEVELOPING ALTERNATIVE ENERGY SOURCES
the right amount.)
Developing alternative energy sources
on Developing alternative energy sources?)

Frequency
1 Too little 1176 24.4 %

3 Too much 194 4.0 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 92 1.9 %
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 154 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

NATSPACY: SPACE EXPLORATION -- VERSION Y
First, I would like to talk with you about some things people
money, or about the right amount.
First: Space exploration
... are we spending too much, too little, or about the right amount on
Space exploration?

Frequency
1 Too little 551 11.4 %

3 Too much 721 15.0 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 169 3.5 %
9 No answer 3 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

NATENVIY: THE ENVIRONMENT -- VERSION Y
the right amount.)
- 155 -
The environment
on The environment?)

Frequency
1 Too little 1387 28.8 %

3 Too much 276 5.7 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 82 1.7 %
9 No answer 3 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

NATHEALY: HEALTH -- VERSION Y
the right amount.)
Health
on Health)?

Frequency
1 Too little 1468 30.5 %

3 Too much 382 7.9 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 63 1.3 %
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
- 156 -
Frequency
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

NATCITYY: ASSISTANCE TO BIG CITIES -- VERSION Y
the right amount.)
Assistance to big cities
on Assistance to big cities?)

Frequency

3 Too much 807 16.7 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 316 6.6 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

NATCRIMY: LAW ENFORCEMENT -- VERISON Y
- 157 -
the right amount.)
Law enforcement
on Law enforcement?)

Frequency
1 Too little 1199 24.9 %

3 Too much 254 5.3 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 53 1.1 %
9 No answer 3 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

NATDRUGY: DRUG REHABILITATION -- VERSION Y
the right amount.)
Drug rehabilitation
on Drug rehabilitation?)

Frequency
1 Too little 1067 22.1 %

3 Too much 344 7.1 %
Missing Data
- 158 -
Frequency

8 Don't know 178 3.7 %
9 No answer 3 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

NATEDUCY: EDUCATION -- VERSION Y
the right amount.)
Education
on Education?)

Frequency
1 Too little 1839 38.2 %

3 Too much 157 3.3 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 19 0.4 %
9 No answer 2 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

- 159 -
NATRACEY: ASSISTANCE TO BLACKS -- VERSION Y
the right amount.)
Assistance to Blacks
on Assistance to Blacks?)

Frequency
1 Too little 526 10.9 %

3 Too much 491 10.2 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 323 6.7 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

NATARMSY: NATIONAL DEFENSE -- VERSION Y
the right amount.)
National defense
on National defense?)
- 160 -
Frequency
1 Too little 613 12.7 %

3 Too much 774 16.1 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 90 1.9 %
9 No answer 2 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

NATAIDY: ASSISTANCE TO OTHER COUNTRIES -- VERSION Y
the right amount.)
Assistance to other countries
on Assistance to other countries?)

Frequency

3 Too much 1745 36.2 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 72 1.5 %
9 No answer 5 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
- 161 -
• Maximum: 3.00

NATFAREY: ASSISTANCE TO THE POOR -- VERSION Y
the right amount.)
Assistance for the poor
on Assistance for the poor?)
Notes: Remarks: NATSPACY to NATFAREY appeared on Form 2 in 1984-1986, 1988-2006, and on Forms 2 and 3 in 1987. It is a
variant of NATSPAC to NATSCI. See also NATSPACZ to NATPARKZ. See Appendix T, GSS Methodological Report Nos. 29 and
33.

Frequency
1 Too little 1480 30.7 %

3 Too much 262 5.4 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 70 1.5 %
9 No answer 5 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

EQWLTH: SHOULD GOVERNMENT REDUCE INCOME DIFFERENCES
Some people think that the government in Washington ought to

reduce the income differences between the rich and the poor, perhaps
by raising the taxes of wealthy families or by giving income
assistance to the poor. Others think that the government should not
concern itself with reducing this income difference between the rich
and the poor.
- 162 -
Here is a card with a scale from 1 to 7. Think of a score of 1 as
meaning that the government ought to reduce the income differences
between rich and poor, and a score of 7 meaning that the government
should not concern itself with reducing income differences. What score
between 1 and 7 comes closest to the way you feel?
Notes: Remarks: Card V contained responses for punches 1-7.

Frequency
1 Government reduce differences 729 15.1 %

2 - 344 7.1 %
3 - 500 10.4 %
4 - 577 12.0 %
5 - 346 7.2 %
6 - 225 4.7 %
7 No government action 507 10.5 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 24 0.5 %
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 3.67
• Median: 4.00
• Mode: 1.00
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 7.00

TAX: RS FEDERAL INCOME TAX

Do you consider the amount of federal income tax which you have to pay as too high, about right, or too low?
Notes: Remarks: In 1976, this question was asked immediately before NATSPAC (spending priorities) for half of the sample with
Form 1. For the half with Form 2, this question immediately followed NATSPAC. FORM for the split-ballot forms. See Appendix N
for across survey changes. If planning to perform trend analysis with this variable, please consult GSS Methodological Report No.
56.

Frequency
1 Too high 1551 32.2 %

3 Too low 64 1.3 %
4 R pays none - (volunteered) 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
- 163 -
Frequency

8 Don't know 68 1.4 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

SPKATH: ALLOW ANTI-RELIGIONIST TO SPEAK
There are always some people whose ideas are considered bad or
dangerous by other people. For instance, somebody who is against all
churches and religion ...
If such a person wanted to make a speech in your (city/town/community)

against churches and religion, should he be allowed to speak, or not?

Frequency
1 Allowed 2513 52.1 %

2 Not allowed 608 12.6 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 27 0.6 %
9 No answer 3 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

COLATH: ALLOW ANTI-RELIGIONIST TO TEACH

Should such a person be allowed to teach in a college or university, or not?

Frequency
4 Allowed 2035 42.2 %
- 164 -
Frequency

Missing Data
8 Don't know 68 1.4 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 4.00
• Maximum: 5.00

LIBATH: ALLOW ANTI-RELIGIOUS BOOK IN LIBRARY

If some people in your community suggested that a book he wrote against churches and religion should be taken out of your public
library, would you favor removing this book, or not?
Notes: Remarks: See Appendix N for across survey changes.

Frequency
1 Remove 698 14.5 %

2 Not remove 2379 49.4 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 67 1.4 %
9 No answer 7 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

SPKRAC: ALLOW RACIST TO SPEAK
Or, consider a person who believes that Blacks are genetically

inferior.
If such a person wanted to make a speech in your community claiming

that Blacks are inferior, should he be allowed to speak, or not?
- 165 -
Frequency
1 Allowed 1977 41.0 %

Missing Data
8 Don't know 43 0.9 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

COLRAC: ALLOW RACIST TO TEACH


Frequency
4 Allowed 1588 32.9 %

Missing Data
8 Don't know 72 1.5 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 4.00
• Maximum: 5.00

LIBRAC: ALLOW RACISTS BOOK IN LIBRARY

If some people in your community suggested that a book he wrote which said Blacks are inferior should be taken out of your public
library, would you favor removing this book, or not?

Frequency
1 Remove 989 20.5 %
- 166 -
Frequency
2 Not remove 2077 43.1 %

Missing Data
8 Don't know 74 1.5 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

SPKCOM: ALLOW COMMUNIST TO SPEAK
Now, I would like to ask you some questions about a man who
admits he is a Communist.
Suppose this admitted Communist wanted to make a speech in your

community. Should he be allowed to speak, or not?

Frequency
1 Allowed 2159 44.8 %

Missing Data
8 Don't know 80 1.7 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

COLCOM: SHOULD COMMUNIST TEACHER BE FIRED

Suppose he is teaching in a college. Should he be fired, or not?
- 167 -
Frequency
4 Fired 992 20.6 %

5 Not fired 1986 41.2 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 148 3.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 4.00
• Maximum: 5.00

LIBCOM: ALLOW COMMUNISTS BOOK IN LIBRARY

Suppose he wrote a book which is in your public library. Somebody in your community suggests that the book should be removed
from the library. Would you favor removing it, or not?

Frequency
1 Remove 790 16.4 %

2 Not remove 2265 47.0 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 88 1.8 %
9 No answer 8 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

SPKMIL: ALLOW MILITARIST TO SPEAK
Consider a person who advocates doing away with elections and

letting the military run the country.
If such a person wanted to make a speech in your community, should he

be allowed to speak, or not?
- 168 -
Frequency
1 Allowed 2232 46.3 %

Missing Data
8 Don't know 51 1.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

COLMIL: ALLOW MILITARIST TO TEACH


Frequency
4 Allowed 1843 38.2 %

Missing Data
8 Don't know 84 1.7 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 4.00
• Maximum: 5.00

LIBMIL: ALLOW MILITARISTS BOOK IN LIBRARY
Suppose he wrote a book advocating doing away with elections

and letting the military run the country.
Somebody in your community suggests that the book be removed from the
public library. Would you favor removing it, or not?
- 169 -
Frequency
1 Remove 805 16.7 %

2 Not remove 2268 47.1 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 66 1.4 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

SPKHOMO: ALLOW HOMOSEXUAL TO SPEAK
And what about a man who admits that he is homosexual ...
Suppose this admitted homosexual wanted to make a speech in your

community. Should he be allowed to speak, or not?

Frequency
1 Allowed 2740 56.8 %

Missing Data
8 Don't know 42 0.9 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

COLHOMO: ALLOW HOMOSEXUAL TO TEACH

- 170 -
Frequency
4 Allowed 2645 54.9 %

Missing Data
8 Don't know 50 1.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 4.00
• Maximum: 5.00

LIBHOMO: ALLOW HOMOSEXUALS BOOK IN LIBRARY

If somebody in your community suggests that a book he wrote in favor of homosexuality should be taken out of your public library,
would you favor removing it, or not?

Frequency
1 Remove 597 12.4 %

2 Not remove 2489 51.6 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 50 1.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

SPKMSLM: ALLOW MUSLIM CLERGYMEN PREACHING HATRED OF THE US
Now consider a Muslim clergyman who preaches hatred of the

United States.
If such a person wanted to make a speech in your community preaching

hatred of the United States, should he be allowed to speak, or not?
- 171 -
Frequency
1 Yes, allowed 1030 21.4 %

Missing Data
8 Don't know 29 0.6 %
9 No answer 8 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

COLMSLM: ALLOW ANTI-AMERICAN MUSLIM CLERGYMEN TEACHING IN COLLEGE


Frequency
4 Yes, allowed 778 16.1 %

Missing Data
8 Don't know 51 1.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 4.00
• Maximum: 5.00

LIBMSLM: ALLOW ANTI-AMERICAN MUSLIM CLERGYMEN'S BOOKS IN LIBRARY

If some people in your community suggested that a book he wrote which preaches hatred of the United States should be taken out
of your public library, would you favor removing this book, or not?

Frequency
1 Remove 1081 22.4 %

2 Not remove 1158 24.0 %
- 172 -
Frequency
Missing Data
8 Don't know 33 0.7 %
9 No answer 8 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

CAPPUN: FAVOR OR OPPOSE DEATH PENALTY FOR MURDER

Do you favor or oppose the death penalty for persons convicted of murder?

Frequency
1 Favor 2944 61.1 %

2 Oppose 1574 32.7 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 256 5.3 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

GUNLAW: FAVOR OR OPPOSE GUN PERMITS

Would you favor or oppose a law which would require a person to obtain a police permit before he or she could buy a gun?

Frequency
1 Favor 2318 48.1 %

2 Oppose 785 16.3 %
Missing Data
- 173 -
Frequency
8 Don't know 40 0.8 %

9 No answer 8 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

COURTS: COURTS DEALING WITH CRIMINALS

In general, do you think the courts in this area deal too harshly or not harshly enough with criminals?

Frequency
1 Too harsh 614 12.7 %

2 Not harsh enough 2874 59.6 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 371 7.7 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

GRASS: SHOULD MARIJUANA BE MADE LEGAL

Do you think the use of marijuana should be made legal, or not?
Notes: Remarks: GRASS was asked on both Form 1 and Form 2 at different points in the interview in 1978. See App. B for
locations in the questionnaire.

Frequency
1 Legal 1488 30.9 %

2 Not legal 1533 31.8 %
Missing Data
- 174 -
Frequency
8 Don't know 230 4.8 %

9 No answer 7 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

RELIG: RS RELIGIOUS PREFERENCE

What is your religious preference? Is it Protestant, Catholic, Jewish, some other religion, or no religion?

Frequency
1 Protestant 2361 49.0 %

2 Catholic 1049 21.8 %
3 Jewish 86 1.8 %
4 None 925 19.2 %
5 Other 55 1.1 %
6 Buddhism 23 0.5 %
7 Hinduism 14 0.3 %
8 Other Eastern 8 0.2 %
9 Moslem/Islam 23 0.5 %
10 Orthodox-Christian 18 0.4 %
11 Christian 230 4.8 %
12 Native American 7 0.1 %
13 Inter-Nondenominational 4 0.1 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 6 0.1 %
99 No answer 11 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 13.00

- 175 -
DENOM: SPECIFIC DENOMINATION, RESPONDENT PREFERENCE
What specific denomination is that, if any?
Added text: (PROBE FOR COMPLETE NAME OF DENOMINATION)
Notes: Remarks: RELIG, punch 5 (Other, SPECIFY), is available from NORC. DENOM, punch 60 (N = 6511), recoded into
OTHER. Until 2008 the following codes were used: LDS=59, LDS-Mormon=60, DS- Jesus Christ; Curch of Jesus Christ LDS= 62;
Mormon= 64. These codes did not distinguish different denominations and were not consistently used over time. In 2008 codes 59,
60, and 62 were recorded as code 64 for all years. Punch 43 of DENOM was renamed Presbyterian, merged in 2012. If planning to
perform trend analysis with this variable, please consult GSS Methodological Report No. 56. See Appendix K: Protestant
denominations. See Appendix N for changes across surveys.

Frequency
10 Am baptist asso 51 1.1 %

11 Am bapt ch in usa 39 0.8 %
12 Nat bapt conv of am 15 0.3 %
13 Nat bapt conv usa 9 0.2 %
14 Southern baptist 334 6.9 %
15 Other baptists 52 1.1 %
18 Baptist-don't know which 294 6.1 %
20 Afr meth episcopal 18 0.4 %
21 Afr meth ep zion 5 0.1 %
22 United methodist 202 4.2 %
23 Other methodist 13 0.3 %
26 - 1 0.0 %
28 Methodist-don't know which 46 1.0 %
30 Am lutheran 22 0.5 %
31 Luth ch in america 13 0.3 %
32 Lutheran-mo synod 42 0.9 %
33 Wi evan luth synod 16 0.3 %
34 Other lutheran 7 0.1 %
35 Evangelical luth 42 0.9 %
38 Lutheran-don't know which 57 1.2 %
40 Presbyterian c in us 16 0.3 %
41 United pres ch in us 22 0.5 %
42 Other presbyterian 5 0.1 %
43 Presbyterian, merged 21 0.4 %
48 Presbyterian-don't know wh 58 1.2 %
50 Episcopal 84 1.7 %
60 Other 535 11.1 %
70 No denomination 344 7.1 %
Missing Data
- 176 -
Frequency

98 Don't know 8 0.2 %
99 No answer 12 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 10.00
• Maximum: 70.00

OTHER: OTHER PROTESTANT DENOMINATIONS, RESPONDENT PREFERENCE

Frequency
1 Hungarian Reformed 0 0.0 %

2 Evangelical Congregational 0 0.0 %
3 Ind Bible, Bible, Bible Fellowship 1 0.0 %
5 Church of Prophecy 0 0.0 %
6 New Testament Christian 0 0.0 %
7 Church of God, Saint & Christ 0 0.0 %
8 Moravian 1 0.0 %
9 Christian & Missionary Alliance 3 0.1 %
10 Advent Christian 1 0.0 %
11 Spiritualist 1 0.0 %
12 Assembly of God 16 0.3 %
13 Free Methodist 0 0.0 %
14 Apostolic Faith 9 0.2 %
15 African Methodist 0 0.0 %
16 Free Will Baptist 16 0.3 %
17 Eden Evangelist 0 0.0 %
18 Holiness (Nazarene) 0 0.0 %
19 Baptist (Northern) 0 0.0 %
20 Brethren Church, Brethren 1 0.0 %
21 Witness Holiness 0 0.0 %
22 Brethren, Plymouth 0 0.0 %
23 United Brethren, United Brethren in Christ 0 0.0 %
25 Christian Disciples 0 0.0 %
26 Christ in Christian Union 2 0.0 %
- 177 -
Frequency
27 Open Bible 0 0.0 %

28 Christian Catholic 0 0.0 %
29 Christ Church Unity 0 0.0 %
30 Christ Adelphians 0 0.0 %
31 Christian; Central Christian 47 1.0 %
32 Christian Reform 8 0.2 %
33 Christian Scientist 1 0.0 %
34 Church of Christ, Evangelical 0 0.0 %
35 Church of Christ 37 0.8 %
36 Churches of God (Except with Christ and Holiness) 27 0.6 %
37 Church of God in Christ 3 0.1 %
38 Church of God in Christ Holiness 0 0.0 %
39 Church of the Living God 0 0.0 %
40 Congregationalist, 1st Congreg 17 0.4 %
41 Community Church 2 0.0 %
42 Covenant 1 0.0 %
43 Dutch Reform 4 0.1 %
44 Disciples of Christ 7 0.1 %
45 Evangelical, Evangelist 16 0.3 %
46 Evangelical Reformed 0 0.0 %
47 Evangelist Free Church 4 0.1 %
48 First Church 0 0.0 %
49 First Christian Disciples of Christ 0 0.0 %
50 First Reformed 0 0.0 %
51 First Christian 0 0.0 %
52 Full Gospel 3 0.1 %
53 Four Square Gospel 4 0.1 %
54 Friends 0 0.0 %
55 Holy Roller 0 0.0 %
56 Holiness; Church of Holiness 8 0.2 %
57 Pilgrim Holiness 2 0.0 %
58 Jehovah's Witnesses 26 0.5 %
59 LDS 0 0.0 %
60 LDS--Mormon 0 0.0 %
61 LDS--Reorganized 0 0.0 %
62 LDS--Jesus Christ; Church of Jesus LDS 0 0.0 %
63 Mennonite 5 0.1 %
64 Mormon 49 1.0 %
65 Nazarene 7 0.1 %
- 178 -
Frequency
66 Pentecostal Assembly of God 0 0.0 %

67 Pentecostal Church of God 0 0.0 %
68 Pentecostal 93 1.9 %
69 Pentecostal Holiness, Holiness Pentecostal 7 0.1 %
70 Quaker 10 0.2 %
71 Reformed 5 0.1 %
72 Reformed United Church of Christ 1 0.0 %
73 Reformed Church of Christ 0 0.0 %
74 Religious Science 2 0.0 %
75 Mind Science 1 0.0 %
76 Salvation Army 0 0.0 %
77 7th Day Adventist 20 0.4 %
78 Sanctified, Sanctification 0 0.0 %
79 United Holiness 0 0.0 %
80 Unitarian, Universalist 11 0.2 %
81 United Church of Christ 14 0.3 %
82 United Church, Unity Church 0 0.0 %
83 Wesleyan 2 0.0 %
84 Wesleyan Methodist--Pilgrim 0 0.0 %
85 Zion Union 0 0.0 %
86 Zion Union Apostolic 0 0.0 %
87 Zion Union Apostolic--Reformed 0 0.0 %
88 Disciples of God 0 0.0 %
89 Grace Reformed 0 0.0 %
90 Holiness Church of God 0 0.0 %
91 Evangelical Covenant 0 0.0 %
92 Mission Covenant 0 0.0 %
93 Missionary Baptist 13 0.3 %
94 Swedish Mission 0 0.0 %
95 Unity 0 0.0 %
96 United Church of Christianity 0 0.0 %
97 Other Fundamentalist 0 0.0 %
98 Federated Church 0 0.0 %
99 American Reform 1 0.0 %
100 Grace Brethren 0 0.0 %
101 Christ in God 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
998 Don't know 2 0.0 %
- 179 -
Frequency
999 No answer 14 0.3 %

Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 3.00
• Maximum: 197.00

OTHJEW: CONSIDER SELF TO BE JEWISH

Do you consider yourself to be Jewish for any reason?
Notes: Remarks: Also see Jewish Identity Module

Frequency
1 Yes 14 0.3 %
2 Half or part 8 0.2 %
3 No 672 13.9 %
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

JEW: WHAT SORT OF JEW R IS
Do you consider yourself Orthodox, Conservative, Reform or none

of these?
Added text: PROBE FOR EXACT DENOMINATION
Notes: Remarks: In 2008, if respondent answered RELIG=3 or OTHJEW= 1 (Yes) or 2 (Half or Part) , then JEW was asked.
- 180 -
Frequency
1 Orthodox 7 0.1 %
3 Reform 41 0.9 %
4 None of these 20 0.4 %
5 Unlabeled 2 0.0 %
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

JEWAJ: WHAT SORT OF JEW R IS (YR 2012 ONLY)
Do you consider yourself Orthodox, Conservative, Reform or none

of these?
Notes: Remarks: In 2012, OTHJEW screened respondents for JEWAJ. Before 2012, OTHJEW screened respondents for JEW.

Frequency
1 Orthodox 0 0.0 %
3 Reform 5 0.1 %
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 2.00
• Maximum: 4.00
- 181 -
FUND: HOW FUNDAMENTALIST IS R CURRENTLY

Fundamentalism/Liberalism of Respondent's Religion
Notes: Remarks: See Appendix T, GSS Methodological Report No. 43. If planning to perform trend analysis with this variable,
please consult GSS Methodological Report No. 56.

Frequency
1 Fundamentalist 1214 25.2 %

2 Moderate 1901 39.4 %
3 Liberal 1520 31.5 %
Missing Data
9 No Answer - excluded 185 3.8 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

ATTEND: HOW OFTEN R ATTENDS RELIGIOUS SERVICES
How often do you attend religious services?
Added text: USE CATEGORIES AS PROBES IF NECESSARY.
Notes: Remarks: See GSS Methodological Report No. 88

Frequency
0 Never 1223 25.4 %

1 Less than once a year 314 6.5 %
2 Once a year 640 13.3 %
3 Several times a year 470 9.8 %
4 Once a month 309 6.4 %
5 2-3 times a month 377 7.8 %
6 Nearly every week 196 4.1 %
7 Every week 934 19.4 %
8 More than once week 340 7.1 %
Missing Data
- 182 -
Frequency

Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 8.00

RELITEN: STRENGTH OF AFFILIATION

Would you call yourself a strong (PREFERENCE NAMED IN RELIG) or not a very strong (PREFERENCE NAMED IN RELIG)?

Frequency
1 Strong 1736 36.0 %

2 Not very strong 1744 36.2 %
3 Somewhat strong 369 7.7 %
4 No religion 925 19.2 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 16 0.3 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

RELITENA: WOULD YOU CALL YOURSELF A STRONG JEW OR NOT A VERY STRONG JEW?
Would you call yourself a strong Jew or not a very strong Jew?

Frequency
1 Strong 0 0.0 %
2 Not very strong 10 0.2 %
3 Somewhat strong 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
- 183 -
Frequency
9 No answer 9 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 2.00
• Maximum: 2.00

POSTLIFE: BELIEF IN LIFE AFTER DEATH

Now turning to a different topic: Do you believe there is a life after death?

Frequency
1 Yes 3475 72.1 %

2 No 838 17.4 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 492 10.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

PRAY: HOW OFTEN DOES R PRAY
About how often do you pray?
Added text: USE CATEGORIES AS PROBES IF NECESSARY.DO NOT USE 'NEVER'

RESPONSE WHEN PROBING.
Notes: Remarks: See Appendix N. If planning to perform trend analysis with this variable, please consult GSS Methodological
Report No. 56.

Frequency
1 Several times a day 1423 29.5 %

2 Once a day 1402 29.1 %
3 Several times a week 486 10.1 %
- 184 -
Frequency
4 Once a week 315 6.5 %

5 Less than once a week 512 10.6 %
6 Never 648 13.4 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 14 0.3 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 6.00

POPESPKS: POPE IS INFALLIBLE ON MATTERS OF FAITH OR MORALS
We are interested in what American Catholics think about

religious matters. Please select the answer from this card that comes
closest to your own personal opinion about the following statement:
Under certain conditions, the pope is infallible when he speaks on

matters of faith and morals.
Notes: Remarks: CARD AE contained items A-F with seven-point scales as presented above. See Appendix R, GSS
Methodological Report No. 30. See Appendix P. Card A17a contained responses for punches 1 to 5.

Frequency
1 Certainly true 210 4.4 %

2 Probably true 283 5.9 %
3 Uncertain true or false 378 7.8 %
4 Probably false 101 2.1 %
5 Certainly false 49 1.0 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 20 0.4 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
- 185 -
• Maximum: 5.00

RELIG16: RELIGION IN WHICH RAISED

In what religion were you raised?

Frequency

2 Catholic 1506 31.2 %
3 Jewish 82 1.7 %
4 None 362 7.5 %
5 Other 13 0.3 %
6 Buddhism 16 0.3 %
7 Hinduism 24 0.5 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 19 0.4 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 13.00

DENOM16: DENOMINATION IN WHICH R WAS RAISED
Notes: Remarks: RELIG16, punch 5 (Other, SPECIFY), is available from NORC. DENOM16, punch 60 (N = 5430), recoded into
OTH16. For 2012, see DENOM. If planning to perform trend analysis with this variable, please consult GSS Methodological Report
No. 56. See Appendix K: Protestant Denominations. See Appendix N for changes across surveys. If planning to perform trend
analysis with this variable, please consult Methodological Report No. 56.
- 186 -
Frequency

60 Other 526 10.9 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 18 0.4 %
99 No answer 10 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 10.00
• Maximum: 70.00

- 187 -
OTH16: OTHER PROTESTANT DENOMINATIONS IN WHICH R WAS RAISED
Frequency

3 Ind bible, bible, bible fellowship 1 0.0 %
6 New testament christian 0 0.0 %
7 Church of god, saint & christ 0 0.0 %
8 Moravian 1 0.0 %
9 Christian & missionary alliance 3 0.1 %
10 Advent christian 0 0.0 %
12 Assembly of god 16 0.3 %
13 Free methodist 1 0.0 %
14 Apostolic faith 6 0.1 %
15 African methodist 0 0.0 %
16 Free will baptist 19 0.4 %
17 Eden evangelist 0 0.0 %
18 Holiness (nazarene) 0 0.0 %
19 Baptist (northern) 0 0.0 %
20 Brethren church, brethren 5 0.1 %
21 Witness holiness 0 0.0 %
22 Brethren, plymouth 0 0.0 %
23 United brethren, united brethren in christ 2 0.0 %
25 Christian disciples 0 0.0 %
26 Christ in christian union 2 0.0 %
27 Open bible 0 0.0 %
28 Christian catholic 0 0.0 %
29 Christ church unity 0 0.0 %
30 Christ adelphians 0 0.0 %
31 Christian; central christian 38 0.8 %
32 Christian reform 8 0.2 %
33 Christian scientist 10 0.2 %
34 Church of christ, evangelical 0 0.0 %
35 Church of christ 42 0.9 %
36 Churches of god (except with christ and holiness) 17 0.4 %
37 Church of god in christ 3 0.1 %
38 Church of god in christ holiness 1 0.0 %
- 188 -
Frequency
39 Church of the living god 0 0.0 %

40 Congregationalist, 1st congreg 30 0.6 %
41 Community church 1 0.0 %
42 Covenant 1 0.0 %
43 Dutch reform 4 0.1 %
44 Disciples of christ 6 0.1 %
45 Evangelical, evangelist 8 0.2 %
46 Evangelical reformed 1 0.0 %
47 Evangelist free church 0 0.0 %
48 First church 0 0.0 %
49 First christian disciples of christ 0 0.0 %
50 First reformed 0 0.0 %
51 First christian 0 0.0 %
52 Full gospel 2 0.0 %
53 Four square gospel 1 0.0 %
54 Friends 0 0.0 %
55 Holy roller 0 0.0 %
56 Holiness; church of holiness 18 0.4 %
57 Pilgrim holiness 0 0.0 %
58 Jehovah's witnesses 24 0.5 %
59 Lds 0 0.0 %
60 Lds--mormon 0 0.0 %
61 Lds--reorganized 0 0.0 %
62 Lds--jesus christ; church of jesus lds 0 0.0 %
64 Mormon 51 1.1 %
65 Nazarene 18 0.4 %
66 Pentecostal assembly of god 0 0.0 %
67 Pentecostal church of god 2 0.0 %
69 Pentecostal holiness, holiness pentecostal 6 0.1 %
70 Quaker 6 0.1 %
71 Reformed 5 0.1 %
72 Reformed united church of christ 1 0.0 %
73 Reformed church of christ 0 0.0 %
74 Religious science 0 0.0 %
75 Mind science 0 0.0 %
76 Salvation army 0 0.0 %
77 7th day adventist 18 0.4 %
- 189 -
Frequency
78 Sanctified, sanctification 0 0.0 %

79 United holiness 0 0.0 %
80 Unitarian, universalist 5 0.1 %
81 United church of christ 13 0.3 %
82 United church, unity church 0 0.0 %
83 Wesleyan 1 0.0 %
84 Wesleyan methodist--pilgrim 0 0.0 %
85 Zion union 0 0.0 %
86 Zion union apostolic 0 0.0 %
87 Zion union apostolic--reformed 0 0.0 %
88 Disciples of god 0 0.0 %
89 Grace reformed 0 0.0 %
90 Holiness church of god 0 0.0 %
91 Evangelical covenant 0 0.0 %
92 Mission covenant 0 0.0 %
93 Missionary baptist 9 0.2 %
94 Swedish mission 0 0.0 %
95 Unity 0 0.0 %
96 United church of christianity 1 0.0 %
97 Other fundamentalist 0 0.0 %
98 Federated church 1 0.0 %
99 American reform 0 0.0 %
100 Grace brethren 0 0.0 %
101 Christ in god 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
998 Don't know 6 0.1 %
999 No answer 11 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 3.00
• Maximum: 191.00

OTHJEW16: R RAISED AS A JEW
- 190 -
Were you raised as a Jew?

Frequency
1 Yes 0 0.0 %
3 No 439 9.1 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 9 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 2.00
• Maximum: 3.00

JEW16: WHAT SORT OF JEW R WAS AT AGE 16
Were you Orthodox, Conservative, Reform or none of these?

Frequency
1 Orthodox 10 0.2 %
3 Reform 32 0.7 %
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

- 191 -
JEW16AJ: WHAT SORT OF JEW R IS AT AGE 16
Were you Orthodox, Conservative, Reform or none of these?
Notes: Remarks: In 2012, OTHJEW16 screened respondents for JEW16AJ. Before 2012, OTHJEW16 screened respondents for
JEW16AJ.

Frequency
1 Orthodox 0 0.0 %
3 Reform 1 0.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 3.00
• Maximum: 4.00

FUND16: HOW FUNDAMENTALIST WAS R AT AGE 16

Fundamentalism/Liberalism of Religion Respondent Raised In

Frequency

2 Moderate 2108 43.7 %
3 Liberal 1124 23.3 %
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
- 192 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

SPREL: SPOUSE'S RELIGIOUS PREFERENCE

What is your (SPOUSE'S) religious preference? Is it Protestant, Catholic, Jewish, some other religion, or no religion?

Frequency

2 Catholic 531 11.0 %
3 Jewish 52 1.1 %
4 None 343 7.1 %
5 Other 15 0.3 %
6 Buddhism 7 0.1 %
7 Hinduism 12 0.2 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 19 0.4 %
99 No answer 10 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 13.00

SPDEN: SPECIFIC DENOMINATION, SPOUSE PREFERENCE
Notes: Remarks: SPREL, punch 5 (Other, SPECIFY), is available from NORC. SPDEN, punch 60 (N = 2663), recoded into
SPOTHER. For 2012, see DENOM. If planning to perform trend analysis with this variable, please consult GSS Methodological
Report No. 56. See Appendix K: Protestant Denominations. See Appendix N for changes across surveys.
- 193 -
Frequency

60 Other 280 5.8 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 15 0.3 %
99 No answer 10 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 10.00
• Maximum: 70.00

- 194 -
SPOTHER: OTHER PROTESTANT DENOMINATIONS, SPOUSE PREFERENCE
Frequency

8 Moravian 1 0.0 %
36 Churches of god(except with christ and holiness) 12 0.2 %
- 195 -
Frequency

42 Covenant 0 0.0 %
54 Friends 0 0.0 %
59 Lds 0 0.0 %
64 Mormon 38 0.8 %
65 Nazarene 3 0.1 %
70 Quaker 2 0.0 %
71 Reformed 5 0.1 %
- 196 -
Frequency

83 Wesleyan 0 0.0 %
95 Unity 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
998 Don't know 0 0.0 %
999 No answer 11 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 8.00
• Maximum: 191.00

SPOTHJEW: SPOUSE CONSIDERS SELF JEWISH
- 197 -
Does your spouse consider himself/herself as Jewish?
Notes: Remarks: In 2012, SPOTHJEW was asked if RELIG=3, or OTHJEW=1 or 2, or RELIG16=3, or OTHJEW16=1 or 2, or
JEW16=2 and SPREL=4 or DK, and MARITAL=1.

Frequency
1 Yes 3 0.1 %
3 No 6 0.1 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

SPJEW: WHAT SORT OF JEW IS RS SPOUSE CURRENTLY
Does (s/he) consider (her/himself) Orthodox, Conservative,

Reform or none of these?

Frequency
1 Orthodox 6 0.1 %
3 Reform 27 0.6 %
5 Other 1 0.0 %
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00
- 198 -
SPJEWAJ: WHAT SORT OF JEW IS RS SPOUSE CURRENTLY (YR 2012 ONLY)
Does your (husband/wife) consider (her/himself)Orthodox,

Conservative, Reform or none of these?
Notes: Remarks: In 2012, SPOTHJEW screened respondents for SPJEWAJ. Before 2012, SPOTHJEW screened respondents for
SPJEW.

Frequency

1 Orthodox 0 0.0 %
3 Reform 0 0.0 %
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 4.00

SPFUND: HOW FUNDAMENTALIST IS SPOUSE CURRENTLY

Fundamentalism/Liberalism of Religion of Spouse

Frequency

2 Moderate 908 18.8 %
3 Liberal 666 13.8 %
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
- 199 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

SPREL16: RELIGION IN WHICH SPOUSE RAISED

In what religion was your (husband/wife)raised?
Notes: Remarks: In 2012, SPREL16 was asked if MARITAL=1 and OTHJEW=1 or 2, or RELIG=3, or OTHJEW16=1 or 2, or
RELIG16=3.

Frequency
2 Catholic 7 0.1 %
3 Jewish 28 0.6 %
4 None 1 0.0 %
5 Other 1 0.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

SPDEN16: DENOMINATION IN WHICH SPOUSE RAISED
IF PROTESTANT: What specific denomination is that, if any?
Added text: (PROBE FOR EXACT DENOMINATION)
Notes: Remarks: SPREL16, punch 5 (Other, SPECIFY), is available from NORC. SPDEN16, punch 60 (N = 2065), recoded into
SPOTH16. For 2012, see DENOM. If planning to perform trend analysis with this variable, please consult GSS Methodological
Report No. 56. See Appendix K: Protestant denominations. See Appendix N for changes across surveys. For 2012, see remarks
for SPREL16 and DENOM.

Frequency

- 200 -
Frequency

35 Evangelic luth 0 0.0 %
41 United pres ch in usa 0 0.0 %
60 Other 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%

SPOTH16: OTHER PROTESTANT DENOMINATIONS IN WHICH SPOUSE WAS RAISED

Frequency
- 201 -
Frequency

8 Moravian 0 0.0 %
36 Churches of god(except with christ and holiness) 0 0.0 %
- 202 -
Frequency
42 Covenant 0 0.0 %
54 Friends 0 0.0 %
59 Lds 0 0.0 %
64 Mormon 0 0.0 %
65 Nazarene 0 0.0 %
70 Quaker 0 0.0 %
71 Reformed 0 0.0 %
- 203 -
Frequency

83 Wesleyan 0 0.0 %
95 Unity 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
998 Don't know 0 0.0 %
999 No answer 5 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%

SPJEW16: WHAT SORT OF JEW WAS RS SPOUSE AT 16
Was (s/he) Orthodox, Conservative, Reform or none of these?
- 204 -
Frequency
1 Orthodox 4 0.1 %
3 Reform 13 0.3 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

PRAYER: BIBLE PRAYER IN PUBLIC SCHOOLS

The United States Supreme Court has ruled that no state or local government may require the reading of the Lord's Prayer or Bible
verses in public schools. What are your views on this--do you approve or disapprove of the court ruling?

Frequency
1 Approve 1285 26.7 %

2 Disapprove 1830 38.0 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 112 2.3 %
9 No answer 4 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

BIBLE: FEELINGS ABOUT THE BIBLE
Which one of these statements comes closest to describing your

feelings about the Bible?
- 205 -
Added text: READ FIRST THREE STATEMENTS ONLY. CODE ONLY ONE.
Notes: Remarks: Card AF contained punches 1-3. BIBLE appeared on Forms 1 and 2 in 1984 and 1987 and Form 1 in 1985. See
Appendix T, GSS Methodological Report No. 30. See Appendix P.

Frequency
1 Word of God 1492 31.0 %

2 Inspired Word 2185 45.3 %
3 Book of Fables 1006 20.9 %
4 Other 62 1.3 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 52 1.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

RACOPEN: VOTE ON OPEN HOUSING LAW
Supposed there is a community-wide vote on the general housing

issue. There are two possible laws to vote on:
One law says that a homeowner can decide for himself whom to sell his
house to, even if he prefers not to sell to (Negroes/Blacks/
African-Americans)
The second law says that a homeowner cannot refuse to sell to someone
because of their race or color.
Which law would you vote for?
Notes: Remarks: See Appendix N for across survey changes. CARD AK contained options A and B. In the 1972-1977 surveys,
RACMAR, RACDIN, RACPUSH, RACOPEN, RACLIVE, and RACHOME were asked of non-blacks only. On the 1978-96 surveys
those questions were asked of all respondents. RACPRES was asked of non-blacks only in 1972, 1975 and 1977 and of all in 1973
and 1977-96. See Appendix N for details.

Frequency
1 Owner decides 808 16.8 %

2 Can't discriminate 2242 46.5 %
3 Neither 71 1.5 %
Missing Data
- 206 -
Frequency

8 Don't know 17 0.4 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

RACLIVE: ANY OPP. RACE IN NEIGHBORHOOD

Are there any (Negroes/Blacks/African-Americans) living in this neighborhood now?
Notes: Remarks: In the 1972-1977 surveys, RACMAR, RACDIN, RACPUSH, RACOPEN, RACLIVE, and RACHOME were asked
of non-blacks only. On the 1978-96 surveys those questions were asked of all respondents. RACPRES was asked of non-blacks
only in 1972, 1975 and 1977 and of all in 1973 and 1977-96. See Appendix N for details.

Frequency
1 Yes 3329 69.1 %

2 No 1315 27.3 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 172 3.6 %
9 No answer 4 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

AFFRMACT: FAVOR PREFERENCE IN HIRING BLACKS
Some people say that because of past discrimination, blacks

should be given preference in hiring and promotion. Others say that
such preference in hiring and promotion of blacks is wrong because it
discriminates against whites. What about your opinion -- are you for
or against preferential hiring and promotion of blacks?
IF FAVORS: Do you favor preference in hiring and promotion strongly or

not strongly?
- 207 -
IF OPPOSES: Do you oppose preference in hiring and promotion strongly
or not strongly?

Frequency
1 Strongly support preference 346 7.2 %

2 Support preference 245 5.1 %
3 Oppose preference 874 18.1 %
4 Strongly oppose preference 1601 33.2 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 124 2.6 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

WRKWAYUP: BLACKS OVERCOME PREJUDICE WITHOUT FAVORS

Do you agree strongly, agree somewhat, neither agree nor disagree, disagree somewhat, or disagree strongly with the following
statement (HAND CARD TO RESPONDENT): Irish, Italians, Jewish and many other minorities overcame prejudice and worked
their way up. Blacks should do the same without special favors.
Notes: Remarks: AFFRMACT, WRKWAYUPAA, and WRKWAYUPAB are recoded into a single variable. Hand Card AL contained
responses 1-5.

Frequency
1 Agree strongly 1342 27.8 %

2 Agree somewhat 904 18.8 %
3 Neither agree nor disagree 444 9.2 %
4 Disagree somewhat 285 5.9 %
5 Disagree strongly 207 4.3 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 35 0.7 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 208 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

CLOSEBLK: HOW CLOSE FEEL TO BLACKS

In general, how close do you feel to Blacks?

Frequency
1 Not at all close 143 3.0 %

2 - 63 1.3 %
3 - 130 2.7 %
4 - 139 2.9 %
5 Neither one or the other 1270 26.3 %
6 - 260 5.4 %
7 - 393 8.2 %
8 - 187 3.9 %
9 Very close 539 11.2 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 19 0.4 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 5.83
• Median: 5.00
• Mode: 5.00
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 9.00

CLOSEWHT: HOW CLOSE FEEL TO WHITES

And in general, how close do you feel to Whites?
Notes: Remarks: Hand Card AM-1 contained responses 1-9.

Frequency
1 Not at all close 45 0.9 %

2 - 22 0.5 %
3 - 51 1.1 %
- 209 -
Frequency
4 - 74 1.5 %
5 Neither one or the other 940 19.5 %
6 - 228 4.7 %
7 - 435 9.0 %
8 - 402 8.3 %
9 Very close 938 19.5 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 10 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 6.80
• Median: 7.00
• Mode: 5.00
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 9.00

HAPPY: GENERAL HAPPINESS

Taken all together, how would you say things are these days-- would you say that you are very happy, pretty happy, or not too
happy?
Notes: Remarks: In 1980 and 1987, this question was asked immediately before HAPMAR on Form 3. For Form 1 and 2 this
question immediately followed HAPPY. See FORM for the split-ballot forms. See Appendix T, GSS Methodological Report No. 34
and GSS Social Change Report No. 6. See Appendix P. See SATHOBBY- SATHEALT. If planning to perform trend analysis with
this variable, please consult GSS Methodological Report No. 56.

Frequency
1 Very happy 1391 28.9 %

2 Pretty happy 2756 57.2 %
3 Not too happy 659 13.7 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 210 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

HAPMAR: HAPPINESS OF MARRIAGE

Taking things all together, how would you describe your marriage? Would you say that your marriage is very happy, pretty happy, or
not too happy?
Notes: Remarks: See HAPPY.

Frequency
1 Very happy 1401 29.1 %

Missing Data
9 No answer 9 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

HAPCOHAB: HAPPINESS OF RELT WITH PARTNER

Taking things all together, would you say that your relationship with your partner is very happy, pretty happy, or not too happy?
Notes: Remarks: This question was asked only of respondents who reported having a cohabiting partner.

Frequency
1 Very happy 243 5.0 %

Missing Data
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 211 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

HEALTH: CONDITION OF HEALTH

Would you say your own health, in general, is excellent, good, fair, or poor?
Notes: Remarks: If planning to perform trend analysis with this variable, please consult GSS Methodological Report No. 56.

Frequency
1 Excellent 794 16.5 %

2 Good 1475 30.6 %
3 Fair 694 14.4 %
4 Poor 185 3.8 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 2 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

LIFE: IS LIFE EXCITING OR DULL

In general, do you find life exciting, pretty routine, or dull?

Frequency
1 Exciting 1496 31.0 %

2 Routine 1467 30.4 %
3 Dull 159 3.3 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 27 0.6 %
9 No answer 2 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 212 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

HELPFUL: PEOPLE HELPFUL OR LOOKING OUT FOR SELVES

Would you say that most of the time people try to be helpful, or that they are mostly just looking out for themselves?

Frequency
1 Helpful 1614 33.5 %

2 Lookout for self 1397 29.0 %
3 Depends 228 4.7 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 16 0.3 %
9 No answer 3 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

FAIR: PEOPLE FAIR OR TRY TO TAKE ADVANTAGE

Do you think most people would try to take advantage of you if they got a chance, or would they try to be fair?

Frequency
1 Take advantage 1271 26.4 %

2 Fair 1741 36.1 %
3 Depends 217 4.5 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 26 0.5 %
9 No answer 3 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00
- 213 -
TRUST: CAN PEOPLE BE TRUSTED

Generally speaking, would you say that most people can be trusted or that you can't be too careful in dealing with people?

Frequency
1 Can trust 1138 23.6 %

2 Cannot trust 1961 40.7 %
3 Depends 148 3.1 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 11 0.2 %
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

CONFINAN: CONFIDENCEIN BANKS & FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS
(As far as the people running this institution are concerned,

would you say you have a great deal of confidence, only some
confidence, or hardly any confidence at all in them?)
Banks and financial institutions

Frequency
1 A great deal 333 6.9 %

2 Only some 1599 33.2 %
3 Hardly any 1302 27.0 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 22 0.5 %
9 No answer 2 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 214 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

CONBUS: CONFIDENCE IN MAJOR COMPANIES
I am going to name some institutions in this country. As far as

the people running these institutions are concerned, would you say you
have a great deal of confidence, only some confidence, or hardly any
confidence at all in them?
Major companies
Added text: READ EACH ITEM, CODE ONE FOR EACH. REPEAT THE QUESTION, OR
CATEGORIES, AS NECESSARY.

Frequency

2 Only some 2051 42.6 %
3 Hardly any 655 13.6 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 58 1.2 %
9 No answer 2 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

CONCLERG: CONFIDENCE IN ORGANIZED RELIGION
As far as the people running these institutions are concerned,

confidence, or hardly any confidence at all in them?
Organized religion

Frequency
- 215 -
Frequency
2 Only some 1759 36.5 %

3 Hardly any 786 16.3 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 71 1.5 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

CONEDUC: CONFIDENCE IN EDUCATION

Education

Frequency

2 Only some 1910 39.6 %
3 Hardly any 538 11.2 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 22 0.5 %
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

CONFED: CONFIDENCE IN EXEC BRANCH OF FED GOVERNMENT
- 216 -
Executive branch of the federal government

Frequency

2 Only some 1524 31.6 %
3 Hardly any 1244 25.8 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 46 1.0 %
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

CONLABOR: CONFIDENCE IN ORGANIZED LABOR

Organized labor

Frequency

2 Only some 1772 36.8 %
3 Hardly any 974 20.2 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 150 3.1 %
9 No answer 9 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 217 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

CONPRESS: CONFIDENCE IN PRESS

Press

Frequency

2 Only some 1482 30.7 %
3 Hardly any 1463 30.4 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 48 1.0 %
9 No answer 2 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

CONMEDIC: CONFIDENCE IN MEDICINE

Medicine

Frequency
1 A great deal 1269 26.3 %

2 Only some 1633 33.9 %
3 Hardly any 333 6.9 %
Missing Data
- 218 -
Frequency

8 Don't know 22 0.5 %
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

CONTV: CONFIDENCE IN TELEVISION

TV

Frequency

2 Only some 1626 33.7 %
3 Hardly any 1283 26.6 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 44 0.9 %
9 No answer 5 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

CONJUDGE: CONFIDENCE IN UNITED STATES SUPREME COURT

- 219 -
U.S. Supreme Court

Frequency

2 Only some 1764 36.6 %
3 Hardly any 553 11.5 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 78 1.6 %
9 No answer 8 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

CONSCI: CONFIDENCE IN SCIENTIFIC COMMUNITY

Scientific community

Frequency
1 A great deal 1299 27.0 %

2 Only some 1609 33.4 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 131 2.7 %
9 No answer 2 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

- 220 -
CONLEGIS: CONFIDENCE IN CONGRESS

Congress

Frequency

2 Only some 1386 28.8 %
3 Hardly any 1615 33.5 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 67 1.4 %
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

CONARMY: CONFIDENCE IN MILITARY

Military
Notes: Remarks: CARD AO contained responses for punches 1-3. See Appendix N for changes across surveys. In 1978, this
question was asked immediately before ALIENATION for the half of the sample with Form 2. For the half with Form 1, this question
immediately followed ALIENATION. See FORM for the split-ballot form. In 1984, this question appeared on Forms 1 and 2, and a
variant, CONFINAY-CONARMY, appeared on Form 3. See Appendix T, GSS Methodological Reports Nos. 1, 30, 31, and 80. See
Appendix P. If planning to perform trend analysis with CONBUS, CONCLERG, and CONFINAN, please consult Methodological
Report No. 56.

Frequency
1 A great deal 1724 35.8 %

2 Only some 1224 25.4 %
Missing Data
- 221 -
Frequency

8 Don't know 44 0.9 %
9 No answer 4 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

OBEY: TO OBEY
To obey

Frequency
1 Most important 427 8.9 %

2 2nd important 343 7.1 %
3 3rd important 546 11.3 %
4 4th important 1372 28.5 %
5 Least important 533 11.1 %
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

POPULAR: TO BE WELL LIKED OR POPULAR

To be well-liked or popular

Frequency

- 222 -
Frequency

Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

THNKSELF: TO THINK FOR ONES SELF

To think for himself or herself

Frequency

Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

WORKHARD: TO WORK HARD

To work hard
- 223 -
Frequency

Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

HELPOTH: TO HELP OTHERS

To help others when they need help
Notes: Remarks: CARD AT listed items A-E. OBEY-HELPOTH was asked on Form 2 in 1986. MANNERSY-STUDIOUY was asked
on Form 1 in 1986. See Appendix P.

Frequency

Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

- 224 -
SOCREL: SPEND EVENING WITH RELATIVES
Would you use this card and tell me which answer comes closest
to how often you do the following things...
Spend a social evening with relatives?

Frequency
1 Almost daily 396 8.2 %

3 Several times a month 648 13.4 %
6 Once a year 214 4.4 %
7 Never 165 3.4 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 2 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 7.00

SOCOMMUN: SPEND EVENING WITH NEIGHBOR
Spend a social evening with someone who lives in your neighborhood?

Frequency

6 Once a year 347 7.2 %
- 225 -
Frequency
7 Never 1011 21.0 %

Missing Data
9 No answer 2 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 7.00

SOCFREND: SPEND EVENING WITH FRIENDS
Spend a social evening with friends who live outside the neighborhood?

Frequency

6 Once a year 266 5.5 %
7 Never 338 7.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 3 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 7.00

- 226 -
SOCBAR: SPEND EVENING AT BAR
Go to a bar or tavern?

Frequency

6 Once a year 406 8.4 %
7 Never 1561 32.4 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 3 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 7.00

AGED: SHOULD AGED LIVE WITH THEIR CHILDREN

As you know, many older people share a home with their grown children. Do you think this is generally a good idea or a bad idea?

Frequency
1 A good idea 1620 33.6 %

2 A bad idea 1050 21.8 %
3 Depends 558 11.6 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 26 0.5 %
9 No answer 4 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 227 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

WEEKSWRK: WEEKS R. WORKED LAST YEAR

Now I'd like to ask you about last year. In [the previous year] how many weeks did you work either full-time or part-time not
counting work around the house--include paid vacations and sick leave?
Notes: Remarks: WEEKSWRK is coded in two digits.

Frequency
0 - 1532 31.8 %
1 - 5 0.1 %
2 - 9 0.2 %
3 - 7 0.1 %
4 - 13 0.3 %
5 - 9 0.2 %
6 - 10 0.2 %
7 - 4 0.1 %
8 - 28 0.6 %
9 - 5 0.1 %
10 - 11 0.2 %
11 - 4 0.1 %
12 - 55 1.1 %
13 - 4 0.1 %
14 - 3 0.1 %
15 - 6 0.1 %
16 - 37 0.8 %
17 - 2 0.0 %
18 - 6 0.1 %
20 - 56 1.2 %
21 - 2 0.0 %
22 - 8 0.2 %
23 - 3 0.1 %
24 - 47 1.0 %
25 - 22 0.5 %
26 - 69 1.4 %
27 - 1 0.0 %
28 - 27 0.6 %
29 - 2 0.0 %
- 228 -
Frequency
30 - 59 1.2 %
31 - 1 0.0 %
32 - 38 0.8 %
33 - 3 0.1 %
34 - 6 0.1 %
35 - 21 0.4 %
36 - 56 1.2 %
37 - 8 0.2 %
38 - 14 0.3 %
39 - 3 0.1 %
40 - 134 2.8 %
41 - 4 0.1 %
42 - 35 0.7 %
43 - 4 0.1 %
44 - 42 0.9 %
45 - 34 0.7 %
46 - 21 0.4 %
47 - 13 0.3 %
48 - 88 1.8 %
49 - 24 0.5 %
50 - 108 2.2 %
51 - 37 0.8 %
52 - 2051 42.6 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 26 0.5 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 30.56
• Median: 44.00
• Mode: 52.00
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 52.00

PARTFULL: WAS R'S WORK PART-TIME OR FULL-TIME?
- 229 -
When you worked in 2011, was it usually full or part time?

Frequency
1 Full-time 2512 52.1 %

2 Part-time 742 15.4 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

JOBLOSE: IS R LIKELY TO LOSE JOB

Thinking about the next 12 months, how likely do you think it is that you will lose your job or be laid off--very likely, fairly likely, not
too likely, or not at all likely?

Frequency
1 Very likely 91 1.9 %

2 Fairly likely 126 2.6 %
3 Not too likely 593 12.3 %
4 Not likely 1076 22.3 %
5 Leaving labor force 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 15 0.3 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

JOBFIND: COULD R FIND EQUALLY GOOD JOB
- 230 -
About how easy would it be for you to find a job with another employer with approximately the same income and fringe benefits you
now have? Would you say very easy, somewhat easy, or not easy at all?

Frequency
1 Very easy 286 5.9 %

2 Somewhat easy 666 13.8 %
3 Not easy 938 19.5 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 13 0.3 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

SATJOB: JOB OR HOUSEWORK

On the whole, how satisfied are you with the work you do -- would you say you are very satisfied, moderately satisfied, a little
dissatisfied, or very dissatisfied?
Notes: Remarks: See Appendix N for across survey changes. If planning to perform trend analysis with this variable, please consult
GSS Methodological Report No. 56.

Frequency
1 Very satisfied 1761 36.5 %

2 Moderately satisfied 1311 27.2 %
3 A little dissatisfied 340 7.1 %
4 Very dissatisfied 142 2.9 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 26 0.5 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

- 231 -
RICHWORK: IF RICH, CONTINUE OR STOP WORKING
If you were to get enough money to live as comfortably as you would like for the rest of your life, would you continue to work or
would you stop working?
Notes: Remarks: See Appendix N for across survey changes. If planning to perform trend analysis with this variable, please consult

Frequency
1 Continue working 1348 28.0 %

2 Stop working 653 13.5 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 12 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

JOBINC: HIGH INCOME
a. Would you please look at this card and tell me which one
thing on this list you would most prefer in a job?
b. Which comes next?
c. Which is third most important?
d. Which is fourth most important?
High Income

Frequency

2 Second 261 5.4 %
3 Third 221 4.6 %
4 Fourth 144 3.0 %
5 Fifth 64 1.3 %
Missing Data
- 232 -
Frequency
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

JOBSEC: NO DANGER OF BEING FIRED
No danger of being fired

Frequency

2 Second 149 3.1 %
3 Third 209 4.3 %
4 Fourth 275 5.7 %
5 Fifth 232 4.8 %
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

JOBHOUR: SHORT WORKING HOURS
- 233 -
Workings hours are short, lots of free time

Frequency

2 Second 127 2.6 %
3 Third 123 2.6 %
4 Fourth 195 4.0 %
5 Fifth 437 9.1 %
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

JOBPROMO: CHANCES FOR ADVANCEMENT
Chances for advancement

Frequency
- 234 -
Frequency
2 Second 246 5.1 %

3 Third 233 4.8 %
4 Fourth 194 4.0 %
5 Fifth 158 3.3 %
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

JOBMEANS: WORK IMPORTANT AND FEEL ACCOMPLISHMENT
Work important and gives a feeling of accomplishment
Notes: Remarks: CARD AV contains items A-E only. Job characteristic not chosen is coded "fifth", punch 5. JOBINC-JOBMEANS
appeared only on Form 1 in 1982. See JOBKEEP-JOBSAFE. See Appendices P and R.

Frequency

2 Second 166 3.4 %
3 Third 160 3.3 %
4 Fourth 137 2.8 %
5 Fifth 52 1.1 %
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
- 235 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

CLASS: SUBJECTIVE CLASS IDENTIFICATION

If you were asked to use one of four names for your social class, which would you say you belong in: the lower class, the working
class, the middle class, or the upper class?

Frequency
1 Lower class 475 9.9 %

2 Working class 2101 43.6 %
3 Middle class 2067 42.9 %
4 Upper class 139 2.9 %
5 No class 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 29 0.6 %
9 No answer 9 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

RANK: RS SELF RANKING OF SOCIAL POSITION
In our society there are groups which tend to be towards the

top and those that are towards the bottom. Here we have a scale that
runs from top to bottom.
Where would you put yourself on this scale?

Frequency
1 Top 176 3.7 %

2 - 101 2.1 %
3 - 391 8.1 %
4 - 412 8.5 %
- 236 -
Frequency
5 - 1218 25.3 %
6 - 344 7.1 %
7 - 252 5.2 %
8 - 141 2.9 %
9 - 34 0.7 %
10 Bottom 49 1.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 107 2.2 %
99 No answer 44 0.9 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 4.82
• Median: 5.00
• Mode: 5.00
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 10.00

SATFIN: SATISFACTION WITH FINANCIAL SITUATION

We are interested in how people are getting along financially these days. So far as you and your family are concerned, would you
say that you are pretty well satisfied with your present financial situation, more or less satisfied, or not satisfied at all?

Frequency
1 Satisfied 1298 26.9 %

2 More or less 2091 43.4 %
3 Not at all sat 1418 29.4 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 7 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

- 237 -
FINALTER: CHANGE IN FINANCIAL SITUATION

During the last few years, has your financial situation been getting better, getting worse, or has it stayed the same?

Frequency
1 Better 1366 28.3 %

2 Worse 1474 30.6 %
3 Stayed same 1970 40.9 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 4 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

FINRELA: OPINION OF FAMILY INCOME
Compared with American families in general, would you say your

family income is--far below average, below average, average, above
average, or far above average?
Added text: (PROBE: Just your best guess.)

Frequency
1 Far below average 378 7.8 %

2 Below average 1330 27.6 %
3 Average 2084 43.2 %
4 Above average 868 18.0 %
5 Far above average 106 2.2 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 45 0.9 %
9 No answer 9 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 238 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

WKSUB: DOES R OR SPOUSE HAVE SUPERVISOR

Do you (does your [SPOUSE]) have a supervisor on (your/his/her) job to whom you are (he/she/is) directly responsible?
Notes: Remarks: In 1991 this question was asked of respondents on all three ballots as compared to only two ballots in other
years. This question was still asked of respondents' spouses, when applicable, on two ballots as done previously before 1991.

Frequency
1 Yes 2643 54.8 %

2 No 606 12.6 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 10 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

WKSUBS: DOES SUPERVISOR HAVE SUPERVISOR

Does that person have a supervisor on the job to whom he or she is directly responsible?

Frequency
3 Yes 2149 44.6 %

4 No 484 10.0 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 10 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 3.00
• Maximum: 4.00
- 239 -
WKSUP: DOES R OR SPOUSE SUPERVISE ANYONE

In your (SPOUSE'S) job, (do you/does he/she) supervise anyone who is directly responsible to (you/him/her)?

Frequency
1 Yes 1205 25.0 %

2 No 2034 42.2 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 19 0.4 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

WKSUPS: DOES SUBORDINATE SUPERVISE ANYONE

Do any of those persons supervise anyone else?
Notes: Remarks: See Appendix T, GSS Methodological Report No. 11.

Frequency
3 Yes 352 7.3 %

4 No 840 17.4 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 13 0.3 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 3.00
• Maximum: 4.00

- 240 -
UNEMP: EVER UNEMPLOYED IN LAST TEN YEARS
At any time during the last ten years, have you been unemployed and looking for work for as long as a month?

Frequency
1 Yes 1167 24.2 %

2 No 2089 43.3 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 2 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

UNION: DOES R OR SPOUSE BELONG TO UNION
Do you (or your [SPOUSE]) belong to a labor union? (Who?)
Added text: CODE ONLY ONE.
Notes: Remarks: In 1985 this question appeared on ISSP supplement, see Appendix R.

Frequency
1 R belongs 263 5.5 %

2 Spouse belongs 116 2.4 %
3 R and spouse belong 34 0.7 %
4 Neither belongs 2837 58.9 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

- 241 -
GETAHEAD: OPINION OF HOW PEOPLE GET AHEAD

Some people say that people get ahead by their own hard work; others say that lucky breaks or help from other people are more
important. Which do you think is most important?
Notes: Remarks: See Appendix N for changes across survey. If planning to perform trend analysis with this variable, please consult

Frequency
1 Hard work 2148 44.6 %

2 Both equally 639 13.3 %
3 Luck or help 349 7.2 %
4 Other 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 10 0.2 %
9 No answer 5 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

PARSOL: RS LIVING STANDARD COMPARED TO PARENTS

Compared to your parents when they were the age you are now, do you think your own standard of living is now much better,
somewhat better, about the same, somewhat worse, or much worse than theirs was?

Frequency
1 Much better 944 19.6 %

2 Somewhat better 944 19.6 %
3 About the same 756 15.7 %
4 Somewhat worse 413 8.6 %
5 Much worse 160 3.3 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 40 0.8 %
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 242 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

KIDSSOL: RS KIDS LIVING STANDARD COMPARED TO R

When your children are the age you are now, do you think their standard of living will be much better, somewhat better, about the
same, somewhat worse, or much worse than yours is now?

Frequency
1 Much better 763 15.8 %

2 Somewhat better 783 16.2 %
3 About the same 628 13.0 %
4 Somewhat worse 482 10.0 %
5 Much worse 177 3.7 %
6 No children -volunteered- 356 7.4 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 66 1.4 %
9 No answer 3 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 6.00

FEPOL: WOMEN NOT SUITED FOR POLITICS

Tell me if you agree or disagree with this statement: Most men are better suited emotionally for politics than are most women.

Frequency
1 Agree 625 13.0 %

2 Disagree 2460 51.0 %
Missing Data
8 Not sure 141 2.9 %
9 No answer 5 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 243 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

ABDEFECT: STRONG CHANCE OF SERIOUS DEFECT
Please tell me whether or not you think it should be possible for

a pregnant woman to obtain a legal abortion if...
If there is a strong chance of serious defect in the baby?
Added text: READ EACH STATEMENT, AND CODE ONE FOR EACH.

Frequency
1 Yes 2303 47.8 %

2 No 691 14.3 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 112 2.3 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

ABNOMORE: MARRIED--WANTS NO MORE CHILDREN

If she is married and does not want any more children?

Frequency
1 Yes 1462 30.3 %

2 No 1557 32.3 %
Missing Data
- 244 -
Frequency

8 Don't know 95 2.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

ABHLTH: WOMANS HEALTH SERIOUSLY ENDANGERED

If the woman's own health is seriously endangered by the pregnancy?

Frequency
1 Yes 2644 54.9 %

2 No 339 7.0 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 124 2.6 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

ABPOOR: LOW INCOME--CANT AFFORD MORE CHILDREN

If the family has a very low income and cannot afford any more
- 245 -
children?

Frequency
1 Yes 1411 29.3 %

2 No 1605 33.3 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 100 2.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

ABRAPE: PREGNANT AS RESULT OF RAPE

If she became pregnant as a result of rape?

Frequency
1 Yes 2357 48.9 %

2 No 649 13.5 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 111 2.3 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

- 246 -
ABSINGLE: NOT MARRIED

If she is not married and does not want to marry the man?

Frequency
1 Yes 1352 28.0 %

2 No 1678 34.8 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 90 1.9 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

ABANY: ABORTION IF WOMAN WANTS FOR ANY REASON

If the woman wants it for any reason?
Notes: Remarks: See Appendix T, GSS Methodological Reports Nos. 19 and 42. In 1983 this question was asked immediately
before MANNERS-STUDIOUS and CHLDMORE on Form 1. On Form 2 this question was immediately preceded . by MANNERS-
STUDIOUS and CHLDMORE See FORM for a discussion of the split-half sample design. See Appendix P.

Frequency
1 Yes 1385 28.7 %

2 No 1644 34.1 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 86 1.8 %
- 247 -
Frequency
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

CHLDIDEL: IDEAL NUMBER OF CHILDREN

What do you think is the ideal number of children for a family to have?

Frequency
0 - 27 0.6 %
1 - 74 1.5 %
2 - 1601 33.2 %
3 - 786 16.3 %
4 - 272 5.6 %
5 - 39 0.8 %
6 - 19 0.4 %
7 Seven+ 10 0.2 %
8 As many as want 315 6.5 %
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 3.06
• Median: 2.00
• Mode: 2.00
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 8.00

PILLOK: BIRTH CONTROL TO TEENAGERS 14-16

Do you strongly agree, agree, disagree, or strongly disagree that methods of birth control should be available to teenagers
between the ages of 14 and 16 if their parents do not approve?
Notes: Remarks: If planning to perform trend analysis with TEENPILL, please consult GSS Methodological Report No. 56.
- 248 -
Frequency
1 Strongly agree 714 14.8 %

2 Agree 1061 22.0 %
3 Disagree 799 16.6 %
4 Strongly disagree 590 12.2 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 54 1.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

SEXEDUC: SEX EDUCATION IN PUBLIC SCHOOLS

Would you be for or against sex education in the public schools?
Notes: Remarks: If planning to perform trend analysis with this variable, please consult Methodological Report No. 56.

Frequency
1 Favor 2900 60.2 %

2 Oppose 282 5.9 %
3 Depends 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 37 0.8 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

DIVLAW: DIVORCE LAWS

Should divorce in this country be easier or more difficult to obtain than it is now?
- 249 -
Frequency
1 Easier 1062 22.0 %

2 More difficult 1301 27.0 %
3 Stay same 670 13.9 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 184 3.8 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

PREMARSX: SEX BEFORE MARRIAGE

There's been a lot of discussion about the way morals and attitudes about sex are changing in this country. If a man and woman
have sex relations before marriage, do you think it is always wrong, almost always wrong, wrong only sometimes, or not wrong at
all?
Notes: Remarks: See Appendix N for across survey changes. See GSS Social Change Report No. 35.

Frequency
1 Always wrong 686 14.2 %

2 Almost always wrong 198 4.1 %
3 Sometimes wrong 522 10.8 %
4 Not wrong at all 1743 36.2 %
5 Other 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 56 1.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

- 250 -
TEENSEX: SEX BEFORE MARRIAGE -- TEENS 14-16
What if they are in their early teens, say 14 to 16 years old? In that case, do you think sex relations before marriage are always
wrong, almost always wrong, wrong only sometimes, or not wrong at all?

Frequency

5 Other 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 29 0.6 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

XMARSEX: SEX WITH PERSON OTHER THAN SPOUSE

What is your opinion about a married person having sexual relations with someone other than the marriage partner--is it always
wrong, almost always wrong, wrong only sometimes, or not wrong at all?

Frequency

5 Other 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 30 0.6 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00
- 251 -
HOMOSEX: HOMOSEXUAL SEX RELATIONS

What about sexual relations between two adults of the same sex-- do you think it is always wrong, almost always wrong, wrong
only sometimes, or not wrong at all?
Notes: Remarks: Contents of punch 5 (Other, SPECIFY), available from NORC. See Appendix N for across survey changes. If
planning to perform trend analysis with this variable, please consult GSS Methodological Report No. 56.

Frequency

5 Other 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 103 2.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

PORNLAW: FEELINGS ABOUT PORNOGRAPHY LAWS
Which of these statements comes closest to your feelings about

pornography laws?
Added text: READ CATEGORIES. CODE ONLY ONE.
Notes: Remarks: CARD AX contains responses 1-3.

Frequency
1 Illegal to all 1055 21.9 %

2 Illegal under 18 2074 43.0 %
3 Legal 98 2.0 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 24 0.5 %
- 252 -
Frequency
9 No answer 7 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

XMOVIE: SEEN X-RATED MOVIE IN LAST YEAR

Have you seen an X-rated movie in the last year?

Frequency
1 Yes 731 15.2 %

2 No 2516 52.2 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 5 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

SPANKING: FAVOR SPANKING TO DISCIPLINE CHILD

Do you strongly agree, agree, disagree, or strongly disagree that it is sometimes necessary to discipline a child with a good, hard
spanking?

Frequency

2 Agree 1532 31.8 %
3 Disagree 704 14.6 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 37 0.8 %
- 253 -
Frequency
9 No answer 8 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

LETDIE1: ALLOW INCURABLE PATIENTS TO DIE

When a person has a disease that cannot be cured, do you think doctors should be allowed by law to end the patient's life by some
painless means if the patient and his family request it?

Frequency
1 Yes 2130 44.2 %

2 No 989 20.5 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 94 2.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

SUICIDE1: SUICIDE IF INCURABLE DISEASE
Do you think a person has the right to end his or her own life
if this person . . .
Has an incurable disease?

Frequency
1 Yes 1862 38.6 %

2 No 1250 25.9 %
Missing Data
- 254 -
Frequency

8 Don't know 102 2.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

SUICIDE2: SUICIDE IF BANKRUPT
Has gone bankrupt?

Frequency
1 Yes 389 8.1 %

2 No 2782 57.7 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 47 1.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

SUICIDE3: SUICIDE IF DISHONORED FAMILY
Has dishonored his or her family?
- 255 -
Frequency
1 Yes 380 7.9 %

2 No 2790 57.9 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 50 1.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

SUICIDE4: SUICIDE IF TIRED OF LIVING
Is tired of living and ready to die?

Frequency
1 Yes 629 13.0 %

2 No 2516 52.2 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 69 1.4 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

POLHITOK: EVER APPROVE OF POLICE STRIKING CITIZEN

Are there any situations you can imagine in which you would approve of a policeman striking an adult male citizen?
- 256 -
Frequency
1 Yes 2163 44.9 %

2 No 951 19.7 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 140 2.9 %
9 No answer 4 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

POLABUSE: CITIZEN SAID VULGAR OR OBSCENE THINGS

Would you approve if the citizen had said vulgar and obscene things to the policeman?

Frequency
1 Yes 288 6.0 %

2 No 2892 60.0 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 76 1.6 %
9 No answer 2 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

POLMURDR: CITIZEN QUESTIONED AS MURDER SUSPECT

Would you approve if the citizen was being questioned as a suspect in a murder case?

Frequency
1 Yes 449 9.3 %

2 No 2730 56.6 %
Missing Data
- 257 -
Frequency

8 Don't know 76 1.6 %
9 No answer 3 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

POLESCAP: CITIZEN ATTEMPTING TO ESCAPE CUSTODY

Would you approve if the citizen was attempting to escape from custody?

Frequency
1 Yes 2286 47.4 %

2 No 829 17.2 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 141 2.9 %
9 No answer 2 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

POLATTAK: CITIZEN ATTACKING POLICEMAN WITH FISTS

Would you approve if the citizen was attacking the policeman with his fists?
Notes: Remarks: In 1973 and 1975, those replying "no" to POLHITOK (punch 2, POLHITOK) were not asked parts POLABUSE-
POLATTAK. Since 1975, all respondents were asked parts A-D regardless of response to POLHITOK. See Appendix T, GSS
Methodological Report No. 10. If planning to perform trend analysis with these variables, please consult GSS Methodological
Report No. 56.

Frequency
1 Yes 2841 58.9 %

2 No 364 7.6 %
Missing Data
- 258 -
Frequency

8 Don't know 52 1.1 %
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

FEAR: AFRAID TO WALK AT NIGHT IN NEIGHBORHOOD

Is there any area around here--that is, within a mile--where you would be afraid to walk alone at night?

Frequency
1 Yes 1028 21.3 %

2 No 2104 43.7 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 16 0.3 %
9 No answer 3 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

OWNGUN: HAVE GUN IN HOME
Do you happen to have in your home any guns or revolvers?
Added text: (IF HOUSE: or garage)

Frequency
1 Yes 1071 22.2 %

2 No 2011 41.7 %
- 259 -
Frequency
3 Refused 64 1.3 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

PISTOL: PISTOL OR REVOLVER IN HOME
Is it a pistol, shotgun, rifle, or what?
Added text: CODE ALL THAT APPLY.

Frequency
1 Yes 716 14.9 %

2 No 2342 48.6 %
3 Refused 75 1.6 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 13 0.3 %
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

SHOTGUN: SHOTGUN IN HOME
- 260 -

Frequency
1 Yes 647 13.4 %

2 No 2411 50.0 %
3 Refused 75 1.6 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 13 0.3 %
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

RIFLE: RIFLE IN HOME

Frequency
1 Yes 663 13.8 %

2 No 2395 49.7 %
3 Refused 75 1.6 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 13 0.3 %
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

- 261 -
ROWNGUN: DOES GUN BELONG TO R
Do any of these guns personally belong to you?
Notes: Remarks: Punch 2 in PISTOL, SHOTGUN, RIFLE, and ROWNGUN includes those answering "No" to OWNGUN.

Frequency
1 Yes 734 15.2 %

2 No 333 6.9 %
3 Refused 67 1.4 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

TICKET: EVER RECEIVED A TRAFFIC TICKET

Have you ever received a ticket or been charged by the police for a traffic violation other than for illegal parking?
Notes: Remarks: TICKET was given only if the respondent agreed to do SAQ (SAQAGREE=1)

Frequency
1 Yes 1112 23.1 %

2 No 637 13.2 %
3 Refused 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 4 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

- 262 -
ARREST: EVER PICKED UP OR CHARGED BY POLICE
Were you ever picked up, or charged, by the police, for any (other) reason whether or not you were guilty?
Notes: Remarks: ARREST was given only if TICKET=1.

Frequency
1 Yes 373 7.7 %

2 No 1375 28.5 %
3 Refused 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 5 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

CONVICTD: CONVICTED OF CRIME EVER

Not counting minor traffic offenses, have you ever been convicted of a crime?

Frequency
1 Yes 210 4.4 %

2 No 1538 31.9 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 5 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

LOCKEDUP: PRISON OR JAIL EVER

Have you ever spent any time in prison or jail?
Notes: Remarks: All those who received the TICKET question received ARREST, CONVICTD, and LOCKEDUP.
- 263 -
Frequency
1 Yes 259 5.4 %

2 No 1489 30.9 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

HUNT: DOES R OR SPOUSE HUNT
Do you (or does your [husband/wife]) go hunting?
Added text: CODE ONE ONLY.

Frequency
1 Respondent 333 6.9 %

2 Spouse 138 2.9 %
3 Both 65 1.3 %
4 Neither 2614 54.2 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

NEWS: HOW OFTEN DOES R READ NEWSPAPER

How often do you read the newspaper--every day, a few times a week, once a week, less than once a week, or never?
- 264 -
Frequency
1 Everyday 919 19.1 %

2 Few times a week 613 12.7 %
3 Once a week 469 9.7 %
4 Less than once a week 521 10.8 %
5 Never 707 14.7 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 2 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

TVHOURS: HOURS PER DAY WATCHING TV

On the average day, about how many hours do you personally watch television?

Frequency
0 - 227 4.7 %
1 - 664 13.8 %
2 - 825 17.1 %
3 - 534 11.1 %
4 - 431 8.9 %
5 - 161 3.3 %
6 - 141 2.9 %
7 - 39 0.8 %
8 - 80 1.7 %
9 - 9 0.2 %
10 - 41 0.9 %
11 - 1 0.0 %
12 - 28 0.6 %
13 - 3 0.1 %
14 - 5 0.1 %
15 - 5 0.1 %
16 - 5 0.1 %
17 - 2 0.0 %
- 265 -
Frequency
18 - 4 0.1 %
20 - 7 0.1 %
22 - 1 0.0 %
24 - 6 0.1 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 10 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 3.02
• Median: 2.00
• Mode: 2.00
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 24.00

PHONE: DOES R HAVE TELEPHONE
What is your phone number?
Added text: FI INFO: CONFIRM PHONE NUMBER. FI INFO: IF R INDICATES

THEY DON'T HAVE PHONE ACCESS CODE 9999999999
Notes: Remarks: See Appendix N for changes across surveys. In 2002, "no phone number," punch 1, is based on volunteered
responses. "Refused phone number," punch 2, includes some with no phone who did not disclose this. Also, punch 3 includes 49
people with cell phones but not regular phones in the household. In 2004-06, cell phone mentions are volunteered responses. If
planning to perform trend analysis with this variable, please consult GSS Methodological Report No. 56.

Frequency
1 No phone 19 0.4 %
2 Refused 98 2.0 %
3 Phone in home 2543 52.8 %
4 Phone elsewhere 191 4.0 %
5 Phone, don't know where 1 0.0 %
6 Cellphone 1968 40.8 %
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 266 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 6.00

COOP: RS ATTITUDE TOWARD INTERVIEW

In general, what was the respondent's attitude toward the interview?

Frequency
1 Friendly, interested 3847 79.8 %

2 Cooperative 786 16.3 %
3 Restless, impatient 162 3.4 %
4 Hostile 8 0.2 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 9 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

COMPREND: RS UNDERSTANDING OF QUESTIONS
Was respondent's understanding of the questions . . .
Added text: (CODE ONE.)

Frequency
1 Good 3988 82.7 %

2 Fair 693 14.4 %
3 Poor 120 2.5 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 11 0.2 %
9 No answer 8 0.2 %
- 267 -
Frequency
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

FORM: FORM OF SPLIT QUESTIONNAIRE ASKED

Frequency
1 Standard <x> 2385 49.5 %

2 Alternate <y> 2435 50.5 %
3 Alternate <z> 0 0.0 %
0 No split ques 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

FECHLD: MOTHER WORKING DOESNT HURT CHILDREN

A working mother can establish just as warm and secure a relationship with her children as a mother who does not work.

Frequency

2 Agree 1520 31.5 %
3 Disagree 725 15.0 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 20 0.4 %
9 No answer 2 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 268 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

FEPRESCH: PRESCHOOL KIDS SUFFER IF MOTHER WORKS

A preschool child is likely to suffer if his or her mother works.

Frequency

2 Agree 871 18.1 %
3 Disagree 1696 35.2 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 38 0.8 %
9 No answer 3 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

FEFAM: BETTER FOR MAN TO WORK, WOMAN TEND HOME

It is much better for everyone involved if the man is the achiever outside the home and the woman takes care of the home and
family.

Frequency

2 Agree 830 17.2 %
3 Disagree 1586 32.9 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 25 0.5 %
9 No answer 7 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 269 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

RACDIF1: DIFFERENCES DUE TO DISCRIMINATION
On the average (Negroes/Blacks/African-Americans) have worse

jobs, income, and housing than white people. Do you think these
differences are . . .
Mainly due to discrimination?

Frequency
1 Yes 1067 22.1 %

2 No 2037 42.3 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 113 2.3 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

RACDIF2: DIFFERENCES DUE TO INBORN DISABILITY

Because most (Negroes/Blacks/African-Americans) have less in-born

ability to learn?

Frequency
1 Yes 282 5.9 %

2 No 2884 59.8 %
Missing Data
- 270 -
Frequency
8 Don't know 56 1.2 %

9 No answer 9 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

RACDIF3: DIFFERENCES DUE TO LACK OF EDUCATION

Because most (Negroes/Blacks/African-Americans) don't have the chance

for education that it takes to rise out of poverty?

Frequency
1 Yes 1353 28.1 %

2 No 1796 37.3 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 77 1.6 %
9 No answer 5 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

RACDIF4: DIFFERENCES DUE TO LACK OF WILL

Because most (Negroes/Blacks/African-Americans) just don't have the
- 271 -
motivation or will power to pull themselves up out of poverty?
Notes: Remarks: Asked of Non-blacks only in 1977. See Appendix N for changes in wording across surveys.

Frequency
1 Yes 1496 31.0 %

2 No 1585 32.9 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 133 2.8 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

RACDIFY: RACIAL DIFFERENCES WHY

Frequency
1 There are no racial differences, races don't differ now 7 0.1 %

2 Discrimination 5 0.1 %
3 Lack of education 3 0.1 %
4 Blacks don't try, don't work hard, lack of individual effort 15 0.3 %
5 Black live/raised in slums, disruptive neighborhoods 3 0.1 %
6 Lack of jobs 1 0.0 %
7 Poverty 1 0.0 %
8 Parents, upbringing 2 0.0 %
18 Other 6 0.1 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 26 0.5 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 18.00

- 272 -
RACDIF5: DIFFERENCES DUE TO UPBRINGING

Frequency
1 Yes 798 16.6 %

2 No 245 5.1 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 36 0.7 %
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

VETFAM: FAMILY MEMBERS SERVED IN ARMED FORCES?

Have any other members of your immediate family--that is, your (spouse/parent/children/brothers or sisters)--ever served in the
armed forces?

Frequency
1 Yes 833 17.3 %

2 No 715 14.8 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

HELPPOOR: SHOULD GOVERNMENT IMPROVE STANDARD OF LIVING?
I'd like to talk with you about issues some people tell us are
important. Please look at the hand card. Some people think that the
- 273 -
government in Washington should do everything possible to improve the
standard of living of all poor Americans; they are at Point 1 on this
card. Other people think it is not the government's responsibility,
and that each person should take care of himself; they are at Point 5.
Where would you place yourself on this scale, or haven't you made up
your mind on this?
Added text: IF RESPONDENT HAS NOT MADE UP HIS/HER MIND

ON THIS ISSUE; CODE 'DON'T KNOW.' THIS IS AN ACCEPTABLE RESPONSE. DO
NOT PROBE.
Notes: Remarks: Card BC contained responses for punches 1-5.

Frequency
1 Government action 481 10.0 %

2 - 389 8.1 %
3 Agree with both 1398 29.0 %
4 - 474 9.8 %
5 People help selves 425 8.8 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 85 1.8 %
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

HELPNOT: SHOULD GOVERNMENT DO MORE OR LESS?
Please look at the hand card. Some people think that the
government in Washington is trying to do too many things that should
be left to individuals and private businesses. Others disagree and
think that the government should do even more to solve our country's
problems. Still others have opinions somewhere in between.
your mind on this?
Added text: IF RESPONDENT HAS NOT MADE UP HIS/HER MIND ON THIS ISSUE;
CODE 'DON'T KNOW.' THIS IS AN ACCEPTABLE RESPONSE. DO NOT PROBE.
Notes: Remarks: Card BD contained responses for punches 1-5.
- 274 -
Frequency
1 Government do more 462 9.6 %

2 - 362 7.5 %
4 - 466 9.7 %
5 Government does too much 590 12.2 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 95 2.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

HELPSICK: SHOULD GOVERNMENT HELP PAY FOR MEDICAL CARE?
Please look at the hand card. In general, some people think

that it is the responsibility of the government in Washington to see
to it that people have help in paying for doctors and hospital bills.
Others think that these matters are not the responsibility of the
federal government and that people should take care of these things
themselves.
your mind on this?
Notes: Remarks: Card BE contained responses for punches 1-5.

Frequency
1 Government should help 881 18.3 %

2 - 550 11.4 %
4 - 384 8.0 %
5 People help selves 329 6.8 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 76 1.6 %
- 275 -
Frequency
9 No answer 7 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

HELPBLK: SHOULD GOVERNMENT AID BLACKS?
Please look at the hand card. Some people think that

(Blacks/African-Americans) have been discriminated against for so long
that the government has a special obligation to help improve their
living standards. Others believe that the government should not be
giving special treatment to (Blacks/African-Americans).
your mind on this?
Notes: Remarks: Card BF contained responses to punches 1-5.

Frequency
1 Government help blacks 241 5.0 %

2 - 258 5.4 %
4 - 607 12.6 %
5 No special treatment 1053 21.8 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 97 2.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

- 276 -
SEXORNT: SEXUAL ORIENTATION
Which of the following best describes you?

Frequency
1 Gay, lesbian, or homosexual 82 1.7 %

2 Bisexual 87 1.8 %
3 Heterosexual or straight 4120 85.5 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 15 0.3 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

WORK10: DURING PAST 12 MONTHS, R WAS UNEMPLOYED AND LOOKING FOR WORK
During the past twelve months, that is since (CURRENT MONTH) 2003, were you unemployed and looking for work for as long as
a month?

Frequency
1 Yes 247 5.1 %

2 No 1044 21.7 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 4 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

FINAN4: BEING PRESSURED TO PAY BILLS
Did any of the following financial matters happen to you during
- 277 -
the last year...
Pressured to pay bills by stores, creditors, or bill collectors.

Frequency
1 Yes 316 6.6 %

2 No 974 20.2 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 4 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

HRDSHP1: FALL BEHIND IN PAYING RENT, MORTGAGE
(Did any of the following happen to you since (CURRENT MONTH), 2010?)
Did you fall behind in paying your rent or mortgage?

Frequency
1 Yes 157 3.3 %

2 No 1134 23.5 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 4 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

- 278 -
HRDSHP6: LACKING HEALTH INSURANCE COVERAGE
Did you lack health insurance coverage (for example, Medicare,

Medicaid, Blue Cross, an HMO, etc.)?

Frequency
1 Yes 245 5.1 %

2 No 1046 21.7 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 4 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

HLTH10: RESPONDENT IN HOSPITAL OR SANITORIUM
Now, I'm going to ask you about various events and conditions
that happen to people. I'm interested in those that happened to you
during the last 24 months, that is since (CURRENT MONTH) 2010.
As I ask you about the specific events, please think carefully, so I
can record things accurately. Did any of the following happen to you
since (CURRENT MONTH), 2010?
Were you a patient in a hospital, sanatorium, convalescent or nursing

home (apart from having a baby)?

Frequency
1 Yes 339 7.0 %

2 No 952 19.8 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 4 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 279 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

HLTH11: RESPONDENT UNABLE TO WORK FOR ONE MONTH OR MORE
Were you unable to work at your job or carry out your regular
activities for one month or more because of illness or injury?

Frequency
1 Yes 231 4.8 %

2 No 1058 22.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 4 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

LAW5: ARRESTED
Were you arrested?

Frequency
1 Yes 33 0.7 %
2 No 1257 26.1 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 5 0.1 %
- 280 -
Frequency
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

REALINC: FAMILY INCOME IN CONSTANT DOLLARS (BASE YEAR = 1986)

Family income on 1972-2006 surveys in constant dollars
Notes: Remarks: Income variables (INCOME72, INCOME, INCOME77, INCOME82, INCOME86, INCOME91, INCOME98,
INCOME06) are recoded in six-digit numbers and converted to 1986 dollars. Since this variable is based on categorical data,
income is not continuous, but based on categorical mid-points and imputations. For details see GSS Methodological Report No. 64.
2620

Frequency
245.0000 - 56 1.2 %
980.0000 - 45 0.9 %
1715.0000 - 35 0.7 %
2205.0000 - 28 0.6 %
2695.0000 - 23 0.5 %
3185.0000 - 40 0.8 %
3675.0000 - 52 1.1 %
4410.0000 - 100 2.1 %
5512.5000 - 164 3.4 %
6737.5000 - 149 3.1 %
7962.5000 - 139 2.9 %
9187.5000 - 110 2.3 %
10412.5000 - 149 3.1 %
11637.5000 - 153 3.2 %
13475.0000 - 215 4.5 %
15925.0000 - 254 5.3 %
18375.0000 - 229 4.8 %
22050.0000 - 388 8.0 %
26950.0000 - 327 6.8 %
33075.0000 - 422 8.8 %
40425.0000 - 316 6.6 %
49000.0000 - 297 6.2 %
58800.0000 - 191 4.0 %
68600.0000 - 132 2.7 %
- 281 -
Frequency
155139.9731 - 360 7.5 %

Missing Data
0.0000 Inapplicable 446 9.3 %
999998.0000 Don't know 0 0.0 %
999999.0000 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 35276.1226
• Median: 22050.0000
• Mode: 33075.0000
• Minimum: 245.0000
• Maximum: 155139.9731

(Range of) Missing Values: 0.0000 , 999998.0000 , 999999.0000
REALRINC: RS INCOME IN CONSTANT DOLLARS

Respondent's income on 1972-2006 surveys in constant dollars
Notes: Remarks: Income variables (INCOME, RINCOM77, RINCOM82, RINCOM86, RINCOM91, RINCOM98, RINCOM06) are
recoded in six-digit numbers and converted to 1986 dollars. Since this variable is based on categorical data, income is not
continuous, but based on categorical mid-points and imputations. For details see GSS Methodological Report No. 64.

Frequency
245.0000 - 61 1.3 %
980.0000 - 76 1.6 %
1715.0000 - 62 1.3 %
2205.0000 - 44 0.9 %
2695.0000 - 50 1.0 %
3185.0000 - 54 1.1 %
3675.0000 - 50 1.0 %
4410.0000 - 74 1.5 %
5512.5000 - 129 2.7 %
6737.5000 - 120 2.5 %
7962.5000 - 89 1.8 %
9187.5000 - 94 2.0 %
10412.5000 - 120 2.5 %
11637.5000 - 133 2.8 %
13475.0000 - 179 3.7 %
15925.0000 - 208 4.3 %
18375.0000 - 171 3.5 %
- 282 -
Frequency
22050.0000 - 287 6.0 %

26950.0000 - 203 4.2 %
33075.0000 - 217 4.5 %
40425.0000 - 128 2.7 %
49000.0000 - 114 2.4 %
58800.0000 - 53 1.1 %
68600.0000 - 35 0.7 %
341672.3793 - 81 1.7 %
Missing Data
0.0000 Inapplicable 1988 41.2 %
999998.0000 Don't know 0 0.0 %
999999.0000 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 27823.1215
• Median: 15925.0000
• Mode: 22050.0000
• Minimum: 245.0000
• Maximum: 341672.3793

ETHNIC: COUNTRY OF FAMILY ORIGIN
From what countries or part of the world did your ancestors

come?
IF MORE THAN ONE COUNTRY NAMED:Which one of these countries do you

feel closer to?

Frequency
1 Africa 387 8.0 %

2 Austria 15 0.3 %
3 French Canada 36 0.7 %
4 Other Canada 12 0.2 %
5 China 30 0.6 %
6 Czechoslovakia 26 0.5 %
7 Denmark 24 0.5 %
8 England & Wales 459 9.5 %
- 283 -
Frequency
9 Finland 15 0.3 %
10 France 63 1.3 %
11 Germany 567 11.8 %
12 Greece 19 0.4 %
13 Hungary 16 0.3 %
14 Ireland 504 10.5 %
15 Italy 214 4.4 %
16 Japan 15 0.3 %
17 Mexico 298 6.2 %
18 Netherlands 47 1.0 %
19 Norway 56 1.2 %
20 Philippines 23 0.5 %
21 Poland 97 2.0 %
22 Puerto Rico 36 0.7 %
23 Russia 48 1.0 %
24 Scotland 113 2.3 %
25 Spain 75 1.6 %
26 Sweden 56 1.2 %
27 Switzerland 19 0.4 %
28 West Indies 3 0.1 %
29 Other 86 1.8 %
30 American Indian 188 3.9 %
31 India 45 0.9 %
32 Portugal 26 0.5 %
33 Lithuania 6 0.1 %
34 Yugoslavia 14 0.3 %
35 Rumania 8 0.2 %
36 Belgium 12 0.2 %
37 Arabic 4 0.1 %
38 Other Spanish 75 1.6 %
39 Non-Span WIndies 33 0.7 %
40 Other Asian 31 0.6 %
41 Other European 16 0.3 %
97 American only 134 2.8 %
Missing Data
0 Uncodeable & inapplicable 852 17.7 %
98 No ethnicity mentioned 0 0.0 %
99 No answer 17 0.4 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 284 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 97.00

ETH1: 1ST MENTIONED COUNTRY OF ORIGIN

FIRST COUNTRY:

Frequency
1 Africa 422 8.8 %

2 Austria 20 0.4 %
5 China 31 0.6 %
7 Denmark 29 0.6 %
9 Finland 18 0.4 %
10 France 112 2.3 %
11 Germany 809 16.8 %
12 Greece 29 0.6 %
13 Hungary 20 0.4 %
14 Ireland 522 10.8 %
15 Italy 229 4.8 %
16 Japan 15 0.3 %
17 Mexico 293 6.1 %
19 Norway 69 1.4 %
21 Poland 109 2.3 %
23 Russia 67 1.4 %
24 Scotland 130 2.7 %
25 Spain 91 1.9 %
26 Sweden 55 1.1 %
29 Other 31 0.6 %
- 285 -
Frequency
31 India 47 1.0 %
35 Rumania 9 0.2 %
36 Belgium 13 0.3 %
37 Arabic 7 0.1 %
Missing Data
99 No answer 14 0.3 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 97.00

ETH2: 2ND MENTIONED COUNTRY OF ORIGIN

SECOND COUNTRY:

Frequency
1 Africa 22 0.5 %
2 Austria 17 0.4 %
5 China 4 0.1 %
7 Denmark 16 0.3 %
9 Finland 7 0.1 %
10 France 101 2.1 %
11 Germany 339 7.0 %
- 286 -
Frequency
12 Greece 5 0.1 %
13 Hungary 14 0.3 %
14 Ireland 354 7.3 %
15 Italy 58 1.2 %
16 Japan 1 0.0 %
17 Mexico 17 0.4 %
19 Norway 35 0.7 %
21 Poland 77 1.6 %
23 Russia 27 0.6 %
24 Scotland 139 2.9 %
25 Spain 26 0.5 %
26 Sweden 46 1.0 %
29 Other 6 0.1 %
31 India 2 0.0 %
35 Rumania 5 0.1 %
36 Belgium 6 0.1 %
37 Arabic 5 0.1 %
Missing Data
99 No answer 14 0.3 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
- 287 -
• Maximum: 97.00

ETH3: 3RD MENTIONED COUNTRY OF ORIGIN

THIRD COUNTRY:
Notes: Remarks: Question was recoded so that the summary ethnicity of the respondent appears in ETHNIC, whether obtained in
ETHNIC or ETH1-ETH3. See Appendix D: Recodes, for details. Content of Punch 29 (Other SPECIFY) available from NORC. See
Appendix N for changes across surveys. See Appendix T, GSS Methodological Reports Nos. 6, 12, and 18. Codes 40 and 41 were
used starting in 1994. If planning to perform trend analysis with ETHNIC, please consult GSS Methodological Report No. 56.

Frequency
1 Africa 7 0.1 %
2 Austria 5 0.1 %
5 China 0 0.0 %
7 Denmark 10 0.2 %
9 Finland 2 0.0 %
10 France 57 1.2 %
11 Germany 129 2.7 %
12 Greece 5 0.1 %
13 Hungary 15 0.3 %
14 Ireland 126 2.6 %
15 Italy 29 0.6 %
16 Japan 0 0.0 %
17 Mexico 6 0.1 %
19 Norway 16 0.3 %
21 Poland 26 0.5 %
23 Russia 13 0.3 %
24 Scotland 76 1.6 %
25 Spain 12 0.2 %
26 Sweden 31 0.6 %
29 Other 29 0.6 %
- 288 -
Frequency

31 India 4 0.1 %
32 Portugal 4 0.1 %
35 Rumania 2 0.0 %
36 Belgium 4 0.1 %
37 Arabic 4 0.1 %
Missing Data
99 No answer 16 0.3 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 97.00

ETHNUM: TYPE OF RESPONSE ABOUT ETHNICITY -- R

[RECODE OF ETHNIC-ETH3]
Notes: Remarks: See Appendix D: Recodes. See Appendix T, GSS Methodological Reports Nos. 6, 12 and 18.

Frequency
1 Names 1 2606 54.1 %

2 Chooses 1 of 2+ 1347 27.9 %
3 Cannot choose 1 508 10.5 %
4 Cannot name any 345 7.2 %
Missing Data
5 Uncodeable 14 0.3 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 289 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

HISPANIC: HISPANIC SPECIFIED
Are you Spanish, Hispanic, or Latino/Latina?
IF YES: Which group are you from?
Added text: IF R IS FEMALE, READ LATINA; IF MALE, READ LATINO.
Notes: Remarks: The two questions above were asked sequentially of the respondent. Hand Card IU was given to Latino
respondents and had response options 2-4 plus "Other Hispanic, specify." See Recodes, Appendix D.

Frequency
1 Not Hispanic 4254 88.3 %

2 Mexican, Mexican American, Chicano/a 356 7.4 %
3 Puerto Rican 46 1.0 %
4 Cuban 20 0.4 %
5 Salvadorian 21 0.4 %
6 Guatemalan 13 0.3 %
7 Panamanian 5 0.1 %
8 Nicaraguan 6 0.1 %
9 Costa rican 0 0.0 %
10 Central American 5 0.1 %
11 Honduran 8 0.2 %
15 Dominican 14 0.3 %
16 West Indian 0 0.0 %
20 Peruvian 5 0.1 %
21 Equadorian 11 0.2 %
22 Columbian 9 0.2 %
23 Venezuelan 0 0.0 %
24 Argentinian 0 0.0 %
25 Chilean 1 0.0 %
30 Spanish 23 0.5 %
31 Basque 1 0.0 %
35 Filipino/a 1 0.0 %
40 Latin American 1 0.0 %
41 South American 2 0.0 %
45 Latin 0 0.0 %
46 Latino/a 3 0.1 %
- 290 -
Frequency
47 Hispanic 3 0.1 %
50 Other, not specified 2 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 7 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 50.00

RACECEN1: WHAT IS RS RACE 1ST MENTION
What is your race? Indicate one or more races that you consider
yourself to be.
FIRST MENTION:

Frequency
1 White 3681 76.4 %

2 Black or African American 714 14.8 %
3 American Indian or Alaska Native 65 1.3 %
4 Asian Indian 41 0.9 %
5 Chinese 28 0.6 %
6 Filipino 23 0.5 %
7 Japanese 14 0.3 %
8 Korean 17 0.4 %
9 Vietnamese 6 0.1 %
11 Native Hawaiian 2 0.0 %
12 Guamanian or Chamorro 0 0.0 %
13 Samoan 1 0.0 %
14 Other Pacific Islander 3 0.1 %
15 Some other race 19 0.4 %
16 Hispanic 174 3.6 %
Missing Data
- 291 -
Frequency
98 Don't know 8 0.2 %
99 No answer 12 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 16.00

RACECEN2: WHAT IS RS RACE 2ND MENTION
(What is your race? Indicate one or more races that you

consider yourself to be.)
SECOND MENTION:

Frequency
1 White 51 1.1 %
5 Chinese 3 0.1 %
6 Filipino 8 0.2 %
7 Japanese 3 0.1 %
8 Korean 1 0.0 %
13 Samoan 1 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 1 0.0 %
99 No answer 14 0.3 %
- 292 -
Frequency
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 16.00

RACECEN3: WHAT IS RS RACE 3RD MENTION
(What is your race? Indicate one or more races that you

consider yourself to be.)
THIRD MENTION:
Notes: Remarks: Hand card IV contained response options 1-15 and prompts for options 3,10,14, and 15.

Frequency
1 White 6 0.1 %
5 Chinese 1 0.0 %
6 Filipino 0 0.0 %
7 Japanese 0 0.0 %
8 Korean 0 0.0 %
13 Samoan 0 0.0 %
16 Hispanic 5 0.1 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 293 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 16.00

USCITZN: IS R U.S. CITIZEN
Now we would like to ask you about U.S. citizenship. Are you...
Added text: IF RESPONDENT SAYS S/HE IS "NATURALIZED," CODE "A U.S.

CITIZEN."
Notes: Remarks: RESPONDENT SAYS S/HE IS "NATURALIZED," CODE "A U.S. CITIZEN."

Frequency
1 A U.S. citizen 291 6.0 %

2 Not a U.S. citizen 248 5.1 %
3 A U.S. citizen born in Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands, or the Northern Marianas Islands 5 0.1 %
4 Born outside of the United States to parents who were U.S. citizens at that time (if 4 0.1 %
volunteered)
Missing Data
9 No answer 7 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

FUCITZN: IS R PLANNING/APPLING FOR US CITIZENSHIP OR NOT

Are you...

Frequency
1 Currently applying for U.S. citizenship 22 0.5 %

2 Planning to apply for U.S. citizenship 120 2.5 %
3 Not planning to apply to U.S. citizenship 82 1.7 %
4 Not eligible to become a U.S. citizen (if volunteered) 17 0.4 %
Missing Data
- 294 -
Frequency

9 No answer 9 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

VETYEARS: YEARS IN ARMED FORCES
Have you ever been on active duty for military training or

service for two consecutive months or more?
IF YES: What was your total time on active duty?

Frequency
0 None 3137 65.1 %

1 Less than 2 yrs 88 1.8 %
2 2 to 4 years 182 3.8 %
3 More than 4 yrs 114 2.4 %
4 Some, don't know how long 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 4 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 3.00

DWELLING: TYPE OF STRUCTURE

DWELLING TYPE.
Notes: Remarks: Contents of Punch 10 available from NORC. Interviewer coded.
- 295 -
Frequency
1 Trailer 278 5.8 %

2 Detached 1-family house 3030 62.9 %
3 2 units side by side 145 3.0 %
4 2 units-one above 95 2.0 %
5 3-4 family house 71 1.5 %
6 Row house 179 3.7 %
7 Apartment house 484 10.0 %
8 Apartment-4 stories 157 3.3 %
9 Apartment-commercial 20 0.4 %
10 Other 52 1.1 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 299 6.2 %
99 No answer 10 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 10.00

DWELOWN: DOES R OWN OR RENT HOME?

(Do you/Does your family) own your (home/apartment), pay rent, or what?

Frequency
1 Own or is buying 2098 43.5 %

2 Pays rent 1063 22.1 %
3 Other 61 1.3 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 7 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00
- 296 -
WORDA: WORD A
Word A

Frequency
0 Incorrect 515 10.7 %

1 Correct 2619 54.3 %
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 1.00

WORDB: WORD B
Word B

Frequency

1 Correct 2888 59.9 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 130 2.7 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 1.00

WORDC: WORD C
Word C
- 297 -
Frequency
0 Incorrect 2115 43.9 %

1 Correct 661 13.7 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 455 9.4 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 1.00

WORDD: WORD D
Word D

Frequency

1 Correct 3012 62.5 %
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 1.00

WORDE: WORD E
Word E

Frequency

1 Correct 2557 53.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 137 2.8 %
- 298 -
Frequency
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 1.00

WORDF: WORD F
Word F

Frequency

1 Correct 2500 51.9 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 181 3.8 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 1.00

WORDG: WORD G
Word G

Frequency
0 Incorrect 1925 39.9 %

1 Correct 1029 21.3 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 277 5.7 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 1.00
- 299 -
WORDH: WORD H
Word H

Frequency
0 Incorrect 1716 35.6 %

1 Correct 1004 20.8 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 511 10.6 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 1.00

WORDI: WORD I
Word I

Frequency

1 Correct 2391 49.6 %
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 1.00

WORDJ: WORD J
Word J
- 300 -
Frequency
0 Incorrect 2182 45.3 %

1 Correct 868 18.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 181 3.8 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 1.00

WORDSUM: NUMBER WORDS CORRECT IN VOCABULARY TEST

Total number of correct words.
Notes: Remarks: See Appendix D: Recodes, for discussion of word test. Card IW lists Words and Choices. In 2008 an error in a
skip instruction was discovered shortly before the start of the field period. It was not possible to correct the error until after data
collection had started. The program correction was implemented starting April 25. As a result, 151 cases in the cross-sectional on
versions 1 or 2 who should have been asked vocabulary questions were wrongly skipped. More details on this sample matter are
available from the project.

Frequency
0 - 16 0.3 %
1 - 39 0.8 %
2 - 104 2.2 %
3 - 144 3.0 %
4 - 299 6.2 %
5 - 525 10.9 %
6 - 754 15.6 %
7 - 528 11.0 %
8 - 351 7.3 %
9 - 259 5.4 %
10 - 167 3.5 %
Missing Data
99 Did not try 45 0.9 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 6.13
- 301 -
• Median: 6.00
• Mode: 6.00
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 10.00

RELATE1: RELATIONSHIP OF 1ST PERSON TO HOUSEHOLD HEAD
Please tell me the names of the people who usually live in this
household. Let's start with the head of the household.
Relationship of first person to head of household

Frequency
1 Head of household 4820 100.0 %

2 Spouse 0 0.0 %
3 Child 0 0.0 %
4 Son or daughter-in-law 0 0.0 %
5 Grand or great-grandchild 0 0.0 %
6 Parent or parent-in-law 0 0.0 %
7 Other relative 0 0.0 %
8 Non-relative 0 0.0 %
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 1.00

GENDER1: GENDER OF 1ST PERSON

Gender of first person

Frequency
1 Male 2641 54.8 %

2 Female 2178 45.2 %
Missing Data
- 302 -
Frequency

9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

OLD1: AGE OF 1ST PERSON

Age of first person

Frequency
18 - 6 0.1 %
19 - 3 0.1 %
20 - 20 0.4 %
21 - 21 0.4 %
22 - 37 0.8 %
23 - 42 0.9 %
24 - 55 1.1 %
25 - 53 1.1 %
26 - 66 1.4 %
27 - 63 1.3 %
28 - 74 1.5 %
29 - 77 1.6 %
30 - 84 1.7 %
31 - 78 1.6 %
32 - 96 2.0 %
33 - 89 1.8 %
34 - 83 1.7 %
35 - 83 1.7 %
36 - 81 1.7 %
37 - 75 1.6 %
38 - 106 2.2 %
39 - 67 1.4 %
40 - 99 2.1 %
41 - 91 1.9 %
42 - 89 1.8 %
- 303 -
Frequency
43 - 94 2.0 %
44 - 75 1.6 %
45 - 104 2.2 %
46 - 90 1.9 %
47 - 92 1.9 %
48 - 96 2.0 %
49 - 89 1.8 %
50 - 113 2.3 %
51 - 110 2.3 %
52 - 95 2.0 %
53 - 116 2.4 %
54 - 96 2.0 %
55 - 92 1.9 %
56 - 94 2.0 %
57 - 96 2.0 %
58 - 88 1.8 %
59 - 86 1.8 %
60 - 112 2.3 %
61 - 71 1.5 %
62 - 77 1.6 %
63 - 90 1.9 %
64 - 88 1.8 %
65 - 84 1.7 %
66 - 61 1.3 %
67 - 56 1.2 %
68 - 73 1.5 %
69 - 71 1.5 %
70 - 66 1.4 %
71 - 53 1.1 %
72 - 49 1.0 %
73 - 43 0.9 %
74 - 47 1.0 %
75 - 30 0.6 %
76 - 42 0.9 %
77 - 42 0.9 %
78 - 40 0.8 %
79 - 31 0.6 %
80 - 34 0.7 %
81 - 33 0.7 %
- 304 -
Frequency
82 - 26 0.5 %
83 - 27 0.6 %
84 - 26 0.5 %
85 - 22 0.5 %
86 - 17 0.4 %
87 - 20 0.4 %
88 - 9 0.2 %
89 - 15 0.3 %
90 - 12 0.2 %
91 - 2 0.0 %
92 - 7 0.1 %
93 - 4 0.1 %
94 - 2 0.0 %
95 - 3 0.1 %
96 - 2 0.0 %
97 97 or older 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 2 0.0 %
99 No answer 67 1.4 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 50.86
• Median: 50.00
• Mode: 53.00
• Minimum: 18.00
• Maximum: 96.00

MAR1: MARITAL STATUS OF 1ST PERSON

Marital status of first person

Frequency
1 Married 2401 49.8 %

2 Widowed 433 9.0 %
3 Divorced 799 16.6 %
- 305 -
Frequency

Missing Data
8 Don't know 22 0.5 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

AWAY1: IS 1ST PERSON STAYING SOMEWHERE ELSE NOW?

Is the first person staying somewhere else right now?

Frequency
1 Yes 13 0.3 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 1.00

WHERE1: WHERE IS 1ST PERSON STAYING?

Where is the first person staying?

Frequency
1 Another household 2 0.0 %

2 Traveling 6 0.1 %
4 Other, don't know 3 0.1 %
Missing Data
- 306 -
Frequency

9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

RELATE2: RELATIONSHIP OF 2ND PERSON TO HOUSEHOLD HEAD

Relationship of second person to head of household

Frequency

2 Spouse 2342 48.6 %
3 Child 572 11.9 %
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 2.00
• Maximum: 8.00

GENDER2: GENDER OF 2ND PERSON

Gender of second person

Frequency
1 Male 1312 27.2 %

2 Female 2257 46.8 %
- 307 -
Frequency
Missing Data
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

OLD2: AGE OF 2ND PERSON

Age of second person

Frequency
0 - 2 0.0 %
1 - 4 0.1 %
2 - 9 0.2 %
3 - 9 0.2 %
4 - 13 0.3 %
5 - 7 0.1 %
6 - 16 0.3 %
7 - 11 0.2 %
8 - 9 0.2 %
9 - 15 0.3 %
10 - 13 0.3 %
11 - 12 0.2 %
12 - 29 0.6 %
13 - 21 0.4 %
14 - 17 0.4 %
15 - 12 0.2 %
16 - 23 0.5 %
17 - 32 0.7 %
18 - 25 0.5 %
19 - 23 0.5 %
20 - 33 0.7 %
21 - 51 1.1 %
22 - 35 0.7 %
- 308 -
Frequency
23 - 41 0.9 %
24 - 48 1.0 %
25 - 55 1.1 %
26 - 56 1.2 %
27 - 58 1.2 %
28 - 59 1.2 %
29 - 66 1.4 %
30 - 84 1.7 %
31 - 72 1.5 %
32 - 76 1.6 %
33 - 69 1.4 %
34 - 54 1.1 %
35 - 64 1.3 %
36 - 68 1.4 %
37 - 62 1.3 %
38 - 60 1.2 %
39 - 65 1.3 %
40 - 69 1.4 %
41 - 53 1.1 %
42 - 81 1.7 %
43 - 52 1.1 %
44 - 61 1.3 %
45 - 69 1.4 %
46 - 60 1.2 %
47 - 59 1.2 %
48 - 81 1.7 %
49 - 84 1.7 %
50 - 75 1.6 %
51 - 62 1.3 %
52 - 78 1.6 %
53 - 66 1.4 %
54 - 61 1.3 %
55 - 69 1.4 %
56 - 80 1.7 %
57 - 61 1.3 %
58 - 58 1.2 %
59 - 51 1.1 %
60 - 56 1.2 %
61 - 52 1.1 %
- 309 -
Frequency
62 - 44 0.9 %
63 - 44 0.9 %
64 - 44 0.9 %
65 - 49 1.0 %
66 - 34 0.7 %
67 - 38 0.8 %
68 - 28 0.6 %
69 - 39 0.8 %
70 - 42 0.9 %
71 - 25 0.5 %
72 - 22 0.5 %
73 - 21 0.4 %
74 - 27 0.6 %
75 - 25 0.5 %
76 - 16 0.3 %
77 - 11 0.2 %
78 - 21 0.4 %
79 - 8 0.2 %
80 - 7 0.1 %
81 - 11 0.2 %
82 - 11 0.2 %
83 - 9 0.2 %
84 - 8 0.2 %
85 - 5 0.1 %
86 - 3 0.1 %
87 - 5 0.1 %
88 - 1 0.0 %
89 - 1 0.0 %
90 - 3 0.1 %
91 - 1 0.0 %
94 - 2 0.0 %
95 - 1 0.0 %
97 97 or older 5 0.1 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 26 0.5 %
99 No answer 22 0.5 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 310 -
• Mean: 43.86
• Median: 44.00
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 97.00

MAR2: MARITAL STATUS OF 2ND PERSON

Marital status of second person

Frequency
1 Married 2393 49.6 %

2 Widowed 46 1.0 %
3 Divorced 211 4.4 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 15 0.3 %
9 No answer 7 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

AWAY2: IS 2ND PERSON STAYING SOMEWHERE ELSE NOW?

Is the second person staying somewhere else right now?

Frequency
1 Yes 19 0.4 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 311 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 1.00

WHERE2: WHERE IS 2ND PERSON STAYING?

Where is the second person staying?

Frequency

2 Traveling 6 0.1 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

RELATE3: RELATIONSHIP OF 3RD PERSON TO HOUSEHOLD HEAD

Relationship of third person to head of household

Frequency

2 Spouse 0 0.0 %
3 Child 1675 34.8 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 7 0.1 %
- 312 -
Frequency
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 3.00
• Maximum: 8.00

GENDER3: GENDER OF 3RD PERSON

Gender of third person

Frequency
1 Male 1005 20.9 %

2 Female 881 18.3 %
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

OLD3: AGE OF 3RD PERSON

Age of third person

Frequency
0 - 31 0.6 %
1 - 57 1.2 %
2 - 48 1.0 %
3 - 60 1.2 %
4 - 58 1.2 %
5 - 66 1.4 %
6 - 68 1.4 %
7 - 60 1.2 %
8 - 56 1.2 %
- 313 -
Frequency
9 - 62 1.3 %
10 - 69 1.4 %
11 - 57 1.2 %
12 - 65 1.3 %
13 - 69 1.4 %
14 - 67 1.4 %
15 - 55 1.1 %
16 - 72 1.5 %
17 - 85 1.8 %
18 - 94 2.0 %
19 - 78 1.6 %
20 - 52 1.1 %
21 - 52 1.1 %
22 - 61 1.3 %
23 - 38 0.8 %
24 - 29 0.6 %
25 - 34 0.7 %
26 - 23 0.5 %
27 - 14 0.3 %
28 - 18 0.4 %
29 - 14 0.3 %
30 - 16 0.3 %
31 - 6 0.1 %
32 - 14 0.3 %
33 - 15 0.3 %
34 - 7 0.1 %
35 - 8 0.2 %
36 - 7 0.1 %
37 - 6 0.1 %
38 - 4 0.1 %
39 - 6 0.1 %
40 - 6 0.1 %
41 - 2 0.0 %
42 - 4 0.1 %
43 - 4 0.1 %
44 - 9 0.2 %
45 - 4 0.1 %
46 - 5 0.1 %
47 - 6 0.1 %
- 314 -
Frequency
48 - 5 0.1 %
49 - 8 0.2 %
50 - 8 0.2 %
51 - 5 0.1 %
52 - 5 0.1 %
53 - 5 0.1 %
54 - 7 0.1 %
55 - 5 0.1 %
56 - 3 0.1 %
57 - 5 0.1 %
58 - 2 0.0 %
59 - 2 0.0 %
60 - 6 0.1 %
61 - 5 0.1 %
62 - 10 0.2 %
63 - 2 0.0 %
64 - 1 0.0 %
66 - 2 0.0 %
67 - 4 0.1 %
69 - 1 0.0 %
70 - 1 0.0 %
71 - 1 0.0 %
72 - 2 0.0 %
73 - 1 0.0 %
74 - 1 0.0 %
75 - 2 0.0 %
77 - 1 0.0 %
78 - 1 0.0 %
79 - 2 0.0 %
81 - 1 0.0 %
82 - 1 0.0 %
83 - 3 0.1 %
84 - 3 0.1 %
85 - 2 0.0 %
88 - 2 0.0 %
91 - 2 0.0 %
93 - 1 0.0 %
97 97 or older 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
- 315 -
Frequency

98 Don't know 22 0.5 %
99 No answer 21 0.4 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 17.78
• Median: 15.00
• Mode: 18.00
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 93.00

MAR3: MARITAL STATUS OF 3RD PERSON

Marital status of third person

Frequency
1 Married 73 1.5 %
2 Widowed 28 0.6 %
3 Divorced 56 1.2 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 4 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

AWAY3: IS 3RD PERSON STAYING SOMEWHERE ELSE NOW?

Is the third person staying somewhere else right now?
- 316 -
Frequency
1 Yes 14 0.3 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 1.00

WHERE3: WHERE IS 3RD PERSON STAYING?

Where is the third person staying?

Frequency

2 Traveling 2 0.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

RELATE4: RELATIONSHIP OF 4TH PERSON TO HOUSEHOLD HEAD

Relationship of fourth person to head of household

Frequency

2 Spouse 0 0.0 %
3 Child 1051 21.8 %
- 317 -
Frequency

Missing Data
9 No answer 2 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 3.00
• Maximum: 8.00

GENDER4: GENDER OF 4TH PERSON

Gender of fourth person

Frequency
1 Male 590 12.2 %

2 Female 569 11.8 %
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

OLD4: AGE OF 4TH PERSON

Age of fourth person

Frequency
0 - 34 0.7 %
- 318 -
Frequency
1 - 54 1.1 %
2 - 47 1.0 %
3 - 42 0.9 %
4 - 54 1.1 %
5 - 56 1.2 %
6 - 58 1.2 %
7 - 42 0.9 %
8 - 57 1.2 %
9 - 48 1.0 %
10 - 47 1.0 %
11 - 44 0.9 %
12 - 58 1.2 %
13 - 50 1.0 %
14 - 43 0.9 %
15 - 39 0.8 %
16 - 40 0.8 %
17 - 48 1.0 %
18 - 38 0.8 %
19 - 27 0.6 %
20 - 27 0.6 %
21 - 16 0.3 %
22 - 26 0.5 %
23 - 21 0.4 %
24 - 9 0.2 %
25 - 17 0.4 %
26 - 8 0.2 %
27 - 6 0.1 %
28 - 9 0.2 %
29 - 6 0.1 %
30 - 11 0.2 %
31 - 2 0.0 %
32 - 2 0.0 %
33 - 1 0.0 %
34 - 7 0.1 %
35 - 3 0.1 %
36 - 3 0.1 %
37 - 2 0.0 %
38 - 2 0.0 %
39 - 2 0.0 %
- 319 -
Frequency
40 - 2 0.0 %
41 - 2 0.0 %
43 - 3 0.1 %
45 - 1 0.0 %
46 - 1 0.0 %
47 - 3 0.1 %
48 - 1 0.0 %
49 - 1 0.0 %
51 - 1 0.0 %
52 - 1 0.0 %
54 - 2 0.0 %
55 - 5 0.1 %
56 - 2 0.0 %
57 - 2 0.0 %
58 - 1 0.0 %
62 - 1 0.0 %
63 - 1 0.0 %
64 - 2 0.0 %
67 - 1 0.0 %
70 - 1 0.0 %
80 - 1 0.0 %
85 - 1 0.0 %
91 - 1 0.0 %
97 97 or older 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 17 0.4 %
99 No answer 13 0.3 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 13.13
• Median: 11.00
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 91.00

MAR4: MARITAL STATUS OF 4TH PERSON
- 320 -
Marital status of fourth person

Frequency
1 Married 44 0.9 %
2 Widowed 4 0.1 %
3 Divorced 19 0.4 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 2 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

AWAY4: IS 4TH PERSON STAYING SOMEWHERE ELSE NOW?

Is the fourth person staying somewhere else right now?

Frequency
1 Yes 7 0.1 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 1.00

WHERE4: WHERE IS 4TH PERSON STAYING?

Where is the fourth person staying?
- 321 -
Frequency

2 Traveling 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 3.00
• Maximum: 4.00


Relationship of fifth person to head of household

Frequency

2 Spouse 0 0.0 %
3 Child 471 9.8 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 3.00
• Maximum: 8.00

- 322 -
Gender of fifth person

Frequency
1 Male 253 5.2 %

2 Female 267 5.5 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 7 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00


Age of fifth person
Notes: Remarks: This variable codes the exact age mentioned in OLD5.

Frequency
0 - 27 0.6 %
1 - 27 0.6 %
2 - 31 0.6 %
3 - 30 0.6 %
4 - 30 0.6 %
5 - 26 0.5 %
6 - 19 0.4 %
7 - 38 0.8 %
8 - 30 0.6 %
9 - 34 0.7 %
10 - 23 0.5 %
11 - 23 0.5 %
12 - 24 0.5 %
13 - 13 0.3 %
14 - 13 0.3 %
15 - 18 0.4 %
16 - 13 0.3 %
17 - 12 0.2 %
18 - 6 0.1 %
- 323 -
Frequency
19 - 9 0.2 %
20 - 3 0.1 %
21 - 5 0.1 %
22 - 4 0.1 %
23 - 6 0.1 %
24 - 7 0.1 %
25 - 3 0.1 %
26 - 2 0.0 %
27 - 5 0.1 %
28 - 3 0.1 %
30 - 2 0.0 %
31 - 2 0.0 %
32 - 2 0.0 %
36 - 2 0.0 %
37 - 1 0.0 %
38 - 1 0.0 %
44 - 2 0.0 %
45 - 1 0.0 %
46 - 2 0.0 %
50 - 2 0.0 %
53 - 2 0.0 %
56 - 1 0.0 %
57 - 1 0.0 %
61 - 1 0.0 %
65 - 1 0.0 %
70 - 1 0.0 %
71 - 1 0.0 %
72 - 1 0.0 %
74 - 1 0.0 %
86 - 1 0.0 %
92 - 2 0.0 %
97 97 or older 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 9 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 324 -
• Mean: 11.48
• Median: 8.00
• Mode: 7.00
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 92.00


Marital status of fifth person

Frequency
1 Married 19 0.4 %
2 Widowed 4 0.1 %
3 Divorced 3 0.1 %
4 Separated 9 0.2 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 2 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00


Is the fifth person staying somewhere else right now?

Frequency
1 Yes 4 0.1 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 325 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 1.00


Where is the fifth person staying?

Frequency

2 Traveling 1 0.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 2.00
• Maximum: 3.00


Relationship of sixth person to head of household

Frequency

2 Spouse 0 0.0 %
3 Child 175 3.6 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 326 -
• Minimum: 3.00
• Maximum: 8.00


Gender of sixth person

Frequency
1 Male 100 2.1 %

2 Female 109 2.3 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 3 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00


Age of sixth person

Frequency
0 - 11 0.2 %
1 - 20 0.4 %
2 - 13 0.3 %
3 - 11 0.2 %
4 - 16 0.3 %
5 - 8 0.2 %
6 - 15 0.3 %
7 - 12 0.2 %
8 - 6 0.1 %
9 - 12 0.2 %
10 - 6 0.1 %
11 - 4 0.1 %
- 327 -
Frequency
12 - 6 0.1 %
13 - 7 0.1 %
14 - 7 0.1 %
15 - 7 0.1 %
16 - 4 0.1 %
17 - 4 0.1 %
18 - 2 0.0 %
19 - 3 0.1 %
20 - 6 0.1 %
21 - 3 0.1 %
22 - 3 0.1 %
23 - 2 0.0 %
24 - 3 0.1 %
26 - 1 0.0 %
28 - 1 0.0 %
29 - 1 0.0 %
30 - 1 0.0 %
32 - 2 0.0 %
35 - 1 0.0 %
44 - 1 0.0 %
49 - 1 0.0 %
57 - 1 0.0 %
70 - 1 0.0 %
75 - 1 0.0 %
79 - 1 0.0 %
85 - 1 0.0 %
97 97 or older 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 4 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 10.96
• Median: 7.00
• Mode: 1.00
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 85.00
- 328 -

Marital status of sixth person

Frequency
1 Married 10 0.2 %
2 Widowed 2 0.0 %
3 Divorced 2 0.0 %
4 Separated 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00


Is the sixth person staying somewhere else right now?

Frequency
1 Yes 1 0.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 1.00

- 329 -
Where is sixth person staying?

Frequency

2 Traveling 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 3.00
• Maximum: 3.00


Relationship of seventh person to head of household

Frequency

2 Spouse 0 0.0 %
3 Child 57 1.2 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 3.00
• Maximum: 8.00

- 330 -

Gender of seventh person

Frequency
1 Male 40 0.8 %
2 Female 35 0.7 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00


Age of seventh person

Frequency
0 - 3 0.1 %
1 - 10 0.2 %
2 - 7 0.1 %
3 - 3 0.1 %
4 - 5 0.1 %
5 - 3 0.1 %
6 - 6 0.1 %
7 - 2 0.0 %
8 - 2 0.0 %
9 - 2 0.0 %
10 - 3 0.1 %
11 - 2 0.0 %
12 - 2 0.0 %
13 - 2 0.0 %
14 - 2 0.0 %
15 - 1 0.0 %
16 - 1 0.0 %
- 331 -
Frequency
18 - 3 0.1 %
19 - 1 0.0 %
20 - 1 0.0 %
21 - 1 0.0 %
22 - 2 0.0 %
23 - 3 0.1 %
25 - 1 0.0 %
29 - 2 0.0 %
46 - 2 0.0 %
81 - 1 0.0 %
97 97 or older 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 2 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 10.90
• Median: 6.00
• Mode: 1.00
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 81.00


Marital status of seventh person

Frequency
1 Married 3 0.1 %
2 Widowed 0 0.0 %
3 Divorced 2 0.0 %
4 Separated 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
- 332 -
Frequency
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00


Is the seventh person staying somewhere else right now?

Frequency
1 Yes 1 0.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 1.00


Where is the seventh person staying?

Frequency

2 Traveling 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 333 -
• Minimum: 3.00
• Maximum: 3.00


Relationship of eighth person to head of household

Frequency

2 Spouse 0 0.0 %
3 Child 21 0.4 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 3.00
• Maximum: 7.00


Gender of eighth person

Frequency
1 Male 12 0.2 %
2 Female 16 0.3 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 334 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00


Age of eighth person

Frequency
0 - 2 0.0 %
1 - 4 0.1 %
2 - 2 0.0 %
4 - 3 0.1 %
5 - 2 0.0 %
7 - 1 0.0 %
8 - 2 0.0 %
10 - 1 0.0 %
12 - 1 0.0 %
17 - 1 0.0 %
20 - 2 0.0 %
22 - 1 0.0 %
24 - 1 0.0 %
35 - 1 0.0 %
37 - 2 0.0 %
49 - 1 0.0 %
97 97 or older 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 12.44
• Median: 7.00
• Mode: 1.00
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 49.00

- 335 -

Marital status of eighth person

Frequency
1 Married 1 0.0 %
2 Widowed 1 0.0 %
3 Divorced 1 0.0 %
4 Separated 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00


Is the eighth person staying somewhere else right now?

Frequency
1 Yes 1 0.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 1.00

- 336 -
Where is the eighth person staying?

Frequency

2 Traveling 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 3.00
• Maximum: 3.00


Relationship of ninth person to head of household

Frequency

2 Spouse 0 0.0 %
3 Child 4 0.1 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 3.00
• Maximum: 7.00

- 337 -

Gender of ninth person

Frequency
1 Male 4 0.1 %
2 Female 2 0.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00


Age of ninth person

Frequency
2 - 1 0.0 %
4 - 1 0.0 %
18 - 1 0.0 %
19 - 1 0.0 %
20 - 1 0.0 %
39 - 1 0.0 %
97 97 or older 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 17.00
• Median: 18.50
• Minimum: 2.00
- 338 -
• Maximum: 39.00


Marital status of ninth person

Frequency
1 Married 0 0.0 %
2 Widowed 0 0.0 %
3 Divorced 1 0.0 %
4 Separated 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 3.00
• Maximum: 5.00


Is the ninth person staying somewhere else right now?

Frequency
1 Yes 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%

- 339 -
Where is the ninth person staying?

Frequency

2 Traveling 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%


Relationship of tenth person to head of household

Frequency

2 Spouse 0 0.0 %
3 Child 4 0.1 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 3.00
• Maximum: 3.00

- 340 -
Gender of tenth person

Frequency
1 Male 2 0.0 %
2 Female 2 0.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

OLD10: AGE OF 1OTH PERSON

Age of tenth person

Frequency
3 - 1 0.0 %
4 - 1 0.0 %
18 - 1 0.0 %
32 - 1 0.0 %
97 97 or older 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 14.25
• Median: 11.00
• Minimum: 3.00
• Maximum: 32.00

- 341 -
Marital status of tenth person

Frequency
1 Married 0 0.0 %
2 Widowed 0 0.0 %
3 Divorced 0 0.0 %
4 Separated 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 5.00
• Maximum: 5.00


Is the tenth person staying somewhere else right now?

Frequency
1 Yes 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%

WHERE10: WHERE IS 1OTH PERSON STAYING?

Where is the tenth person staying?
- 342 -
Frequency

2 Traveling 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%

RELATE11: RELATION OF 11TH PERSON (VISITOR) TO HEAD

Relationship of eleventh person to head of household

Frequency

2 Spouse 0 0.0 %
3 Child 52 1.1 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 3.00
• Maximum: 8.00

GENDER11: GENDER OF 11TH PERSON (VISITOR)

Gender of eleventh person
- 343 -
Frequency
1 Male 59 1.2 %
2 Female 75 1.6 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

OLD11: AGE OF 11TH PERSON (VISITOR)

Age of eleventh person
Notes: Remarks: Note eleventh through fourteenth persons are visitors in the household.

Frequency
2 - 1 0.0 %
3 - 3 0.1 %
5 - 2 0.0 %
6 - 1 0.0 %
7 - 1 0.0 %
8 - 1 0.0 %
9 - 3 0.1 %
11 - 1 0.0 %
12 - 1 0.0 %
13 - 3 0.1 %
14 - 1 0.0 %
15 - 2 0.0 %
16 - 1 0.0 %
17 - 3 0.1 %
18 - 6 0.1 %
19 - 1 0.0 %
20 - 6 0.1 %
21 - 5 0.1 %
22 - 9 0.2 %
23 - 4 0.1 %
- 344 -
Frequency
24 - 4 0.1 %
25 - 5 0.1 %
26 - 5 0.1 %
27 - 1 0.0 %
28 - 2 0.0 %
29 - 1 0.0 %
30 - 3 0.1 %
31 - 2 0.0 %
32 - 2 0.0 %
33 - 3 0.1 %
34 - 2 0.0 %
35 - 3 0.1 %
39 - 1 0.0 %
40 - 2 0.0 %
41 - 2 0.0 %
43 - 2 0.0 %
46 - 3 0.1 %
49 - 1 0.0 %
50 - 3 0.1 %
51 - 2 0.0 %
52 - 2 0.0 %
53 - 1 0.0 %
55 - 4 0.1 %
56 - 3 0.1 %
57 - 2 0.0 %
58 - 1 0.0 %
62 - 1 0.0 %
65 - 2 0.0 %
68 - 2 0.0 %
69 - 1 0.0 %
70 - 1 0.0 %
71 - 1 0.0 %
72 - 1 0.0 %
75 - 1 0.0 %
78 - 1 0.0 %
84 - 1 0.0 %
85 - 1 0.0 %
86 - 1 0.0 %
92 - 1 0.0 %
- 345 -
Frequency
97 97 or older 1 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 33.72
• Median: 26.00
• Mode: 22.00
• Minimum: 2.00
• Maximum: 97.00

MAR11: MARITAL STATUS OF 11TH PERSON (VISITOR)

Marital status of eleventh person

Frequency
1 Married 21 0.4 %
2 Widowed 7 0.1 %
3 Divorced 19 0.4 %
4 Separated 2 0.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

AWAY11: IS 11TH PERSON (VISITOR) STAYING ELSEWHERE NOW?

Is the eleventh person staying somewhere else right now?
- 346 -
Frequency
1 Yes 1 0.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 1.00

WHERE11: WHERE IS 11TH PERSON (VISITOR) STAYING?

Where is the eleventh person staying?

Frequency

2 Traveling 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 3.00
• Maximum: 3.00


Relationship of twelfth person to head of household

Frequency

2 Spouse 0 0.0 %
3 Child 15 0.3 %
- 347 -
Frequency

Missing Data
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 3.00
• Maximum: 8.00


Gender of twelfth person

Frequency
1 Male 17 0.4 %
2 Female 18 0.4 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00


Age of twelfth person
- 348 -
Frequency
0 - 1 0.0 %
2 - 2 0.0 %
3 - 1 0.0 %
5 - 2 0.0 %
9 - 3 0.1 %
10 - 1 0.0 %
11 - 2 0.0 %
13 - 2 0.0 %
17 - 2 0.0 %
18 - 2 0.0 %
19 - 2 0.0 %
22 - 1 0.0 %
24 - 1 0.0 %
29 - 1 0.0 %
33 - 1 0.0 %
34 - 1 0.0 %
40 - 1 0.0 %
42 - 1 0.0 %
47 - 1 0.0 %
56 - 1 0.0 %
62 - 1 0.0 %
63 - 1 0.0 %
71 - 1 0.0 %
78 - 1 0.0 %
83 - 1 0.0 %
97 97 or older 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 26.29
• Median: 18.00
• Mode: 9.00
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 83.00

- 349 -

Marital status of twelfth person

Frequency
1 Married 9 0.2 %
2 Widowed 0 0.0 %
3 Divorced 1 0.0 %
4 Separated 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00


Is the twelfth person staying somewhere else right now?

Frequency
1 Yes 1 0.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 1.00

- 350 -
Where is the twelfth person staying?

Frequency

2 Traveling 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 1.00


Relationship of thirteenth person to head of household

Frequency

2 Spouse 0 0.0 %
3 Child 5 0.1 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 3.00
• Maximum: 8.00

- 351 -

Gender of thirteenth person

Frequency
1 Male 5 0.1 %
2 Female 7 0.1 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00


Age of thirteenth person

Frequency
0 - 1 0.0 %
1 - 2 0.0 %
8 - 2 0.0 %
9 - 1 0.0 %
14 - 2 0.0 %
22 - 1 0.0 %
26 - 1 0.0 %
97 97 or older 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 2 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 10.30
- 352 -
• Median: 8.50
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 26.00


Marital status of thirteenth person

Frequency
1 Married 0 0.0 %
2 Widowed 0 0.0 %
3 Divorced 0 0.0 %
4 Separated 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 5.00
• Maximum: 5.00


Is the thirteenth person staying somewhere else right now?

Frequency
1 Yes 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%

- 353 -

Where is the thirteenth person staying?

Frequency

2 Traveling 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%


Relationship of fourteenth person to head of household

Frequency

2 Spouse 0 0.0 %
3 Child 3 0.1 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 3.00
• Maximum: 8.00

- 354 -
Gender of fourteenth person

Frequency
1 Male 5 0.1 %
2 Female 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 1.00


Age of fourteenth person

Frequency
1 - 1 0.0 %
7 - 1 0.0 %
14 - 1 0.0 %
18 - 1 0.0 %
97 97 or older 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 10.00
• Median: 10.50
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 18.00

- 355 -

Marital status of fourteenth person

Frequency
1 Married 0 0.0 %
2 Widowed 0 0.0 %
3 Divorced 0 0.0 %
4 Separated 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 5.00
• Maximum: 5.00


Is the fourteenth person staying somewhere else right now?

Frequency
1 Yes 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%


Where is the fourteenth person staying?
- 356 -
Frequency

2 Traveling 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%

RELHHD1: RELATION OF 1ST PERSON TO HOUSEHOLD HEAD
What is (PERSON)'s relationship to (HEAD OF HOUSEHOLD)?
Added text: SEE CODES BELOW ROSTER
Relationship of first person to head of household, revised.

Frequency

2 Spouse 0 0.0 %
3 Partner, fiance-e-, boyfriend, girlfriend,etc 0 0.0 %
4 Child, natural or adopted, stepchild 0 0.0 %
5 Grandchild, great-granchild 0 0.0 %
6 Son-in-law, daughter-in-law 0 0.0 %
7 Parent 0 0.0 %
8 Parent-in-law 0 0.0 %
9 Grandparent, great-grandparent 0 0.0 %
10 Uncle or aunt 0 0.0 %
11 Niece or nephew 0 0.0 %
12 Cousin 0 0.0 %
13 Brother, sister-full, half, or step sibling- 0 0.0 %
14 Sibling-in-law 0 0.0 %
15 Other relative-great-aunt, grandniece,etc.- 0 0.0 %
16 Roommate, housemate 0 0.0 %
17 Friend 0 0.0 %
18 Child of non-relative 0 0.0 %
- 357 -
Frequency
19 Other non-relative-employee, boarder- 0 0.0 %

98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 1.00

RELHHD2: RELATION OF 2ND PERSON TO HOUSEHOLD HEAD

Relationship of second person to head of household, revised.

Frequency

2 Spouse 2342 48.6 %
3 Partner, fiance-e-, boyfriend, girlfriend, etc 446 9.3 %
7 Parent 1 0.0 %
12 Cousin 5 0.1 %
15 Other relative-great-aunt, grandniece, etc.- 1 0.0 %
17 Friend 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 1 0.0 %
99 No answer 11 0.2 %
- 358 -
Frequency
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 2.00
• Maximum: 16.00

RELHHD3: RELATION OF 3RD PERSON TO HOUSEHOLD HEAD

Relationship of third person to head of household, revised.

Frequency

2 Spouse 0 0.0 %
7 Parent 15 0.3 %
12 Cousin 8 0.2 %
17 Friend 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 2 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 359 -
• Minimum: 3.00
• Maximum: 16.00

RELHHD4: RELATION OF 4TH PERSON TO HOUSEHOLD HEAD

Relationship of fourth person to head of household, revised.

Frequency

2 Spouse 0 0.0 %
7 Parent 8 0.2 %
12 Cousin 2 0.0 %
17 Friend 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 3.00
• Maximum: 16.00

- 360 -
Relationship of fifth person to head of household, revised.

Frequency

2 Spouse 0 0.0 %
7 Parent 2 0.0 %
12 Cousin 1 0.0 %
17 Friend 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 3.00
• Maximum: 16.00


Relationship of sixth person to head of household, revised.

Frequency
- 361 -
Frequency
2 Spouse 0 0.0 %
7 Parent 1 0.0 %
12 Cousin 0 0.0 %
17 Friend 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 4.00
• Maximum: 16.00


Relationship of seventh person to head of household, revised.

Frequency

2 Spouse 0 0.0 %
- 362 -
Frequency

7 Parent 0 0.0 %
12 Cousin 0 0.0 %
17 Friend 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 4.00
• Maximum: 16.00


Relationship of eighth person to head of household, revised.

Frequency

2 Spouse 0 0.0 %
7 Parent 0 0.0 %
- 363 -
Frequency

12 Cousin 0 0.0 %
17 Friend 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 4.00
• Maximum: 15.00


Relationship of ninth person to head of household, revised.

Frequency

2 Spouse 0 0.0 %
7 Parent 0 0.0 %
12 Cousin 0 0.0 %
- 364 -
Frequency
17 Friend 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 4.00
• Maximum: 11.00

RELHHD10: RELATION OF 1OTH PERSON TO HOUSEHOLD HEAD

Relationship of tenth person to head of household, revised.

Frequency

2 Spouse 0 0.0 %
7 Parent 0 0.0 %
12 Cousin 0 0.0 %
17 Friend 0 0.0 %
- 365 -
Frequency

Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 4.00
• Maximum: 4.00

RELHHD11: RELATION OF 11TH PERSON (VISITOR) TO HEAD

Respondent of eleventh person to head of household, revised.

Frequency

2 Spouse 0 0.0 %
7 Parent 3 0.1 %
12 Cousin 1 0.0 %
17 Friend 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
- 366 -
Frequency
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %

Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 3.00
• Maximum: 16.00


Relationship of twelfth person to head of household, revised.

Frequency

2 Spouse 0 0.0 %
7 Parent 0 0.0 %
12 Cousin 0 0.0 %
17 Friend 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 367 -
• Minimum: 4.00
• Maximum: 16.00


Relationship of thirteenth person to head of household, revised.

Frequency

2 Spouse 0 0.0 %
7 Parent 0 0.0 %
12 Cousin 0 0.0 %
17 Friend 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 4.00
• Maximum: 16.00

- 368 -
Relationship of fourteenth person to head of household, revised.
Notes: Remarks: Over the years, the variables of household composition have changed twice. The RELATE1-14 series has been
asked over all the years of the survey. In 1993, extra categories were added and, because of this, the variable names were
changed to RELHHD1-14. In 2000, two additional changes were made. First, the definition of head of household was changed from
"head of household" to "the person or one of the persons who own or rents this home." Second, additional categories were added
about children. Because of this, a new household composition series, RELHH1-14, was created. RELHH variables can be
collapsed into the RELHHD format, and the RELHHD variables can be collapsed into the RELATE series.

Frequency

2 Spouse 0 0.0 %
7 Parent 0 0.0 %
12 Cousin 0 0.0 %
17 Friend 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 4.00
• Maximum: 16.00

HEFINFO: NUMBER OF PEOPLE IN INFORMANT'S HOUSEHOLD
- 369 -
Number in family of person who was household informant (i.e. who provided information on household members).

Frequency
1 1st person 1516 31.5 %

2 2nd person 359 7.4 %
3 3rd person 57 1.2 %
4 4th person 14 0.3 %
5 5th person 4 0.1 %
10 10th person 0 0.0 %
11 11th person 5 0.1 %
12 12th person 1 0.0 %
13 13th person 0 0.0 %
14 14th person 0 0.0 %
22 Not in household 13 0.3 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 4 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 22.00

HHRACE: RACE OF HOUSEHOLD

CODE RACE OF HOUSEHOLD BY OBSERVATION WITHOUT ASKING:

Frequency
1 White 1443 29.9 %

2 Black 288 6.0 %
4 Asiatic, Oriental 43 0.9 %
5 Other, mixed 175 3.6 %
Missing Data
- 370 -
Frequency

9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

RESPNUM: NUMBER IN FAMILY OF R

CODE ROW LETTER OF THE RESPONDENT.
Notes: Remarks: As discussed in GSS Methodological Report No. 102, there are same errors in respondent numbers due to
mispunches and interviewer error. In 2006 most of these errors were detected and corrected in cleaning.

Frequency
1 1st person 3515 72.9 %

2 2nd person 1043 21.6 %
3 3rd person 157 3.3 %
4 4th person 56 1.2 %
5 5th person 18 0.4 %
6 6th person 10 0.2 %
10 10th person 1 0.0 %
11 11th person 9 0.2 %
12 12th person 2 0.0 %
13 13th person 0 0.0 %
14 14th person 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 12.00

- 371 -
HHTYPE: HOUSEHOLD TYPE

Household Type.
Notes: Remarks: This variable classifies households from information on the household enumeration form (HEF) on the basis of 1)
number of adults (household members 18 and older), 2) the presence of children (0 vs. 1+ household members less than 18), 3)
number of married people in the household, 4) relation of second or third listed persons to head (in households with 2 or 3 adults),
and 5) gender of head and second listed person when second listed person is not related to the head (in households with two
adults). When the HEF roster counts differed from the processed HEF variables (ADULTS, BABIES, PRETEEN, TEENS,
HOMPOP), the processed values were utilized. This generally means that household members away from the housing unit and
living in another household or institution were not counted for this variable (see above AWAY1-14 and WHERE1-14). Visitors not
absent from the household are counted.

Frequency
1 1 adult, 0 children 1214 25.2 %

2 1 adult, 1+ children 221 4.6 %
3 2 adults, married, 0 children 1057 21.9 %
4 2 adults, married, 1+ children 691 14.3 %
5 2 adults, don't know if married, 0 children 10 0.2 %
6 2 adults, don't know if married, 1+ children 9 0.2 %
7 2 adults, unmarried, unrelated, opposite sex, 0 children 187 3.9 %
8 2 adults, unmarried, unrelated, opposite sex, 1+ children 131 2.7 %
9 2 adults, unmarried, unrelated, same sex, 0 children 31 0.6 %
10 2 adults, unmarried, unrelated, same sex, 1+ children 4 0.1 %
11 2 adults, unmarried, related, 0 children 246 5.1 %
12 2 adults, unmarried, related, 1+ children 90 1.9 %
13 2 adults, unmarried, don't know if related, 0 children 1 0.0 %
14 2 adults, unmarried, don't know if related, 1+ children 0 0.0 %
15 2 adults, unmarried, unrelated, don't know sex, 0 children 0 0.0 %
16 2 adults, unmarried, unrelated, don't know sex, 1+ children 0 0.0 %
20 3 adult, 0 married, spouse, 0 children 0 0.0 %
21 3 adults, 0 married, spouse, related, 0 children 1 0.0 %
22 3 adults, 0 married, related, spouse, 0 children 0 0.0 %
23 3 adults, 0 married, related, 0 children 60 1.2 %
24 3 adults, 0 married, spouse, unrelated, 0 children 0 0.0 %
25 3 adults, 0 married, unrelated, spouse, 0 children 0 0.0 %
26 3 adults, don't know if married, related, unrelated, 0 children 2 0.0 %
27 3 adults, 0 married, unrelated, related, 0 children 20 0.4 %
28 3 adults, 0 married, unrelated, 0 children 0 0.0 %
30 3 adults, 1 married, spouse, 0 children 0 0.0 %
33 3 adults, 1 married, related, related, 0 children 3 0.1 %
- 372 -
Frequency

36 3 adults, 1 married, related, unrelated, 0 children 0 0.0 %
52 3 adults, 3 married, spouse, offspring, 0 children 0 0.0 %
100 4+ adults, 0 married, 0 children 47 1.0 %
104 4+ adults, 4+ married, 0 children 17 0.4 %
120 3 adult, 0 married, spouse, 1+ children 0 0.0 %
121 3 adults, 0 married, spouse, related, 1+ children 1 0.0 %
122 3 adults, 0 married, related, spouse, 1+ children 0 0.0 %
123 3 adults, 0 married, related, 1+ children 29 0.6 %
124 3 adults, 0 married, spouse, unrelated, 1+ children 1 0.0 %
125 3 adults, 0 married, unrelated, spouse, 1+ children 0 0.0 %
126 3 adults, 0 married, 2nd person related, 1+ children 0 0.0 %
127 3 adults, 0 married, unrelated, related, 1+ children 24 0.5 %
128 3 adults, 0 married, unrelated, 1+ children 3 0.1 %
130 3 adults, 1 married, spouse, 1+ children 0 0.0 %
- 373 -
Frequency

133 3 adults, 1 married, related, related, 1+ children 6 0.1 %
136 3 adults, 1 married, related, unrelated, 1+ children 0 0.0 %
200 4+ adults, 0 married, 1+ children 29 0.6 %
204 4+ adults, 4+ married, 1+ children 24 0.5 %
Missing Data
998 Don't know 0 0.0 %
999 No answer 55 1.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 374 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 204.00

HHTYPE1: HOUSEHOLD TYPE (CONDENSED)

Household type (condensed)
Notes: Remarks: This variable is a collapse or recode of HHTYPE. The categories are explained below. (1) Married couple with no
children = 2 or more adults with either respondent being married or two or more members being listed as married with no one
under age 18. (2) Single parent = 1 adult and 1 or more members under age 18. (3) Other family, no children = 2 or more adults
with 2nd or 3rd person listed related to head of household; no married couple and no household members under age 18. (4) Single
adult = 1 adult and no one under age 18. (5) Cohabiting couple, no children = 2 adults of different genders not married nor related
to each other. This category covers most, but not all, cohabiting couples. Excluded are cohabiting couples in which relationship
and/or gender information was missing or households with three or more adults with at least one unrelated to the others. Also,
same sex cohabiting couples are excluded. See GSS Methodological Report No. 73 for more details. (6) Non-family, no children =
2 adults with 2nd listed person unrelated to head and same gender as head and no one married, or with three or more adults with
the 2nd and 3rd persons unrelated to head. (8) Unsure, no children = 2 or more adults, unmarried or with relationship and/or
marital information unclear or conflicting, but with no one under age 18. (11) Married couple with child(ren) = Number 1 with 1+
members under age 18. (13) Other family with child(ren) = Number 3 with 1+ members under age 18. (15) Cohabiting couple with
child(ren) = Number 5 with 1+ members under age 18. (16) Non-family with child(ren) = Number 6 with 1+ members under age 18.
(18) Unsure with child(ren) = Number 8 with 1+ members less than age 18.

Frequency
1 Married couple, no children 1397 29.0 %

2 Single parent 221 4.6 %
3 Other family, no children 328 6.8 %
4 Single adult 1214 25.2 %
5 Cohabiting couple, no children 187 3.9 %
6 Non-family, no children 31 0.6 %
8 Unsure, no children 72 1.5 %
11 Married couple with children 978 20.3 %
13 Other family with children 147 3.0 %
15 Cohab couple with children 131 2.7 %
16 Non-family with children 7 0.1 %
18 Unsure with children 52 1.1 %
Missing Data
99 No answer 55 1.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 18.00

- 375 -
FAMGEN: NUMBER OF FAMILY GENERATIONS IN HOUSEHOLD

Number of family generations in household.
Notes: Remarks: This variable indicates how many direct family generations (e.g. grandparent, parent, child) reside in the
household. It counts children-in-law and parents-in-law as direct relations, but does not count collateral relatives (e.g. nieces and
nephews, aunts and uncles). In addition, it is impossible to identify grandparents (or above) of the head. It should be noted that for
FAMGEN children were defined by their relationship to household head, not by their age as in HHTYPE. All regular household
members and visitors listed on the roster are counted regardless of presence. For more details, see NORC Methodological Report
No. 73.

Frequency
1 1 generation 2720 56.4 %

2 2 generations, children 1979 41.1 %
3 2 generations, parents 38 0.8 %
4 2 generations, grandchildren 8 0.2 %
5 3 generations, grandchildren 17 0.4 %
6 3 generations, child, parent 58 1.2 %
7 4 generations 0 0.0 %
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 6.00

RPLACE: R'S RELATIONSHIP TO HOUSEHOLD HEAD

Respondent's relationship to household head.

Frequency

2 Spouse 758 15.7 %
3 Child 295 6.1 %
Missing Data
- 376 -
Frequency
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 8.00

RVISITOR: IS R A VISITOR?
Is respondent a visitor?
Notes: Remarks: Regular household members are listed in lines 1-10 and visitors to the household are listed in lines 11-14. This
variable codes respondents who are regular members as 1 and those who are visitors as 2.

Frequency
1 R. is household member 4809 99.8 %

2 R. is visitor 9 0.2 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 2 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

VISITORS: NUMBER OF VISITORS IN HOUSEHOLD

Number of visitors in household.
Notes: Remarks: This variable counts the number of visitors in the household. It counts the number of people listed in lines 11-14
and does not adjust for presence in the household.

Frequency
0 No visitors 4686 97.2 %

1 1 visitor 99 2.1 %
2 2 visitors 23 0.5 %
3 3 visitors 7 0.1 %
- 377 -
Frequency
4 4 visitors 5 0.1 %
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 4.00

RELHH1: RELATIONSHIP OF PERSON 1 TO HEAD OF HOUSEHOLD
What is (PERSON)'s relationship to head of household?
Relationship of first person to head of household?

Frequency
1 Householder 4820 100.0 %

2 Spouse 0 0.0 %
3 Partner, girl(boy)friend 0 0.0 %
4 Child, unspecified 0 0.0 %
5 Grandchild, great grandchild 0 0.0 %
6 Son (daughter)-in-law 0 0.0 %
7 Parent 0 0.0 %
9 Grandparent, great grandparent 0 0.0 %
12 Cousin 0 0.0 %
13 Brother, sister 0 0.0 %
17 Friend 0 0.0 %
19 Other non-relative 0 0.0 %
41 Biological child 0 0.0 %
- 378 -
Frequency
42 Adopted child 0 0.0 %

43 Stepchild 0 0.0 %
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 1.00


Relationship of second person to head of household?

Frequency
2 Spouse 2342 48.6 %
7 Parent 1 0.0 %
12 Cousin 5 0.1 %
17 Friend 0 0.0 %
- 379 -
Frequency
Missing Data
98 Don't know 1 0.0 %
99 No answer 11 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 2.00
• Maximum: 43.00


Relationship of third person to head of household?

Frequency
2 Spouse 0 0.0 %
7 Parent 15 0.3 %
12 Cousin 8 0.2 %
17 Friend 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
- 380 -
Frequency

98 Don't know 2 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 3.00
• Maximum: 43.00


Relationship of fourth person to head of household?

Frequency
2 Spouse 0 0.0 %
7 Parent 8 0.2 %
12 Cousin 2 0.0 %
17 Friend 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
- 381 -
Frequency
98 Don't know 1 0.0 %

Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 3.00
• Maximum: 43.00


Relationship of fifth person to head of household?

Frequency
2 Spouse 0 0.0 %
7 Parent 2 0.0 %
12 Cousin 1 0.0 %
17 Friend 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
- 382 -
Frequency
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 3.00
• Maximum: 43.00


Relationship of sixth person to head of household?

Frequency
2 Spouse 0 0.0 %
7 Parent 1 0.0 %
12 Cousin 0 0.0 %
17 Friend 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
- 383 -
Frequency
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 4.00
• Maximum: 43.00


Relationship of seventh person to head of household?

Frequency
2 Spouse 0 0.0 %
7 Parent 0 0.0 %
12 Cousin 0 0.0 %
17 Friend 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 384 -
• Minimum: 4.00
• Maximum: 43.00


Relationship of eighth person to head of household?

Frequency
2 Spouse 0 0.0 %
7 Parent 0 0.0 %
12 Cousin 0 0.0 %
17 Friend 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 4.00
- 385 -
• Maximum: 43.00


Relationship of ninth person to head of household?

Frequency
2 Spouse 0 0.0 %
7 Parent 0 0.0 %
12 Cousin 0 0.0 %
17 Friend 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 4.00
• Maximum: 41.00

- 386 -

Relationship of tenth person to head of household?

Frequency
2 Spouse 0 0.0 %
7 Parent 0 0.0 %
12 Cousin 0 0.0 %
17 Friend 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 4.00
• Maximum: 41.00

- 387 -
Relationship of eleventh person to head of household?

Frequency
2 Spouse 0 0.0 %
7 Parent 3 0.1 %
12 Cousin 1 0.0 %
17 Friend 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 3.00
• Maximum: 43.00


Relationship of twelfth person to head of household?
- 388 -
Frequency
2 Spouse 0 0.0 %
7 Parent 0 0.0 %
12 Cousin 0 0.0 %
17 Friend 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 4.00
• Maximum: 43.00


Relationship of thirteenth person to head of household?

Frequency
- 389 -
Frequency
2 Spouse 0 0.0 %
7 Parent 0 0.0 %
12 Cousin 0 0.0 %
17 Friend 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 8.00
• Maximum: 41.00


Relationship of fourteenth person to head of household?
Notes: Remarks: Over the years, the variables of household composition have changed twice. The RELATE1-14 series has been
asked over all the years of the survey. In 1993, extra categories were added and, because of this, the variable names were
changed to RELHHD1-14. In 2000, two additional changes were made. First, the definition of head of household was changed from
"head of household" to "the person or one of the persons who own or rents this home." Second, additional categories were added
about children. Because of this, a new household composition series, RELHH1-14, was created. RELHH variables can be
collapsed into the RELHHD format, and the RELHHD variables can be collapsed into the RELATE series.
- 390 -
Frequency
2 Spouse 0 0.0 %
7 Parent 0 0.0 %
12 Cousin 0 0.0 %
17 Friend 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 16.00
• Maximum: 41.00

RELSP1: RELATIONSHIP OF PERSON 1 TO SPOUSE OF HOUSEHOLD
What is (NAME)'s relationship to spouse?
Relationship of first person to spouse?
- 391 -
Frequency
1 Household spouse, partner 0 0.0 %

2 Spouse 2348 48.7 %
3 Partner, fiance, boyfriend, girlfriend, etc 435 9.0 %
4 Child, not specified 0 0.0 %
5 Grandchild, great-grandchild 0 0.0 %
7 Parent 0 0.0 %
12 Cousin 0 0.0 %
13 Brother, sister (full, half, or step sibling) 0 0.0 %
15 Other relative (great-aunt, grandniece, etc) 0 0.0 %
17 Friend 0 0.0 %
19 Other non-relative (employee, boarder) 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 3 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 2.00
• Maximum: 3.00


Relationship of second person to spouse?

Frequency
- 392 -
Frequency
2 Spouse 0 0.0 %
7 Parent 0 0.0 %
12 Cousin 0 0.0 %
17 Friend 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 1.00


Relationship of third person to spouse?

Frequency

2 Spouse 0 0.0 %
- 393 -
Frequency

7 Parent 5 0.1 %
12 Cousin 2 0.0 %
17 Friend 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 4 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 4.00
• Maximum: 43.00


Relationship of fourth person to spouse?

Frequency

2 Spouse 0 0.0 %
- 394 -
Frequency

7 Parent 2 0.0 %
12 Cousin 1 0.0 %
17 Friend 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 2 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 4.00
• Maximum: 43.00


Relationship of fifth person to spouse?

Frequency

2 Spouse 0 0.0 %
- 395 -
Frequency

7 Parent 1 0.0 %
12 Cousin 1 0.0 %
17 Friend 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 4.00
• Maximum: 43.00


Relationship of sixth person to spouse?

Frequency

2 Spouse 0 0.0 %
- 396 -
Frequency

7 Parent 1 0.0 %
12 Cousin 0 0.0 %
17 Friend 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 4.00
• Maximum: 43.00


Relationship of seventh person to spouse?

Frequency

2 Spouse 0 0.0 %
- 397 -
Frequency
7 Parent 0 0.0 %
12 Cousin 0 0.0 %
17 Friend 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 4.00
• Maximum: 43.00


Relationship of eighth person to spouse?

Frequency

2 Spouse 0 0.0 %
7 Parent 0 0.0 %
- 398 -
Frequency
12 Cousin 0 0.0 %
17 Friend 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 4.00
• Maximum: 43.00


Relationship of ninth person to spouse?

Frequency

2 Spouse 0 0.0 %
7 Parent 0 0.0 %
- 399 -
Frequency

12 Cousin 0 0.0 %
17 Friend 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 4.00
• Maximum: 41.00


Relationship of tenth person to spouse?

Frequency

2 Spouse 0 0.0 %
7 Parent 0 0.0 %
- 400 -
Frequency

12 Cousin 0 0.0 %
17 Friend 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 4.00
• Maximum: 41.00


Relationship of eleventh person to spouse?

Frequency

2 Spouse 0 0.0 %
7 Parent 0 0.0 %
- 401 -
Frequency

12 Cousin 0 0.0 %
17 Friend 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 4.00
• Maximum: 43.00


Relationship of twelfth person to spouse?

Frequency

2 Spouse 0 0.0 %
7 Parent 0 0.0 %
- 402 -
Frequency
12 Cousin 0 0.0 %
17 Friend 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 4.00
• Maximum: 43.00


Relationship of thirteenth person to spouse?

Frequency

2 Spouse 0 0.0 %
7 Parent 0 0.0 %
12 Cousin 0 0.0 %
- 403 -
Frequency

17 Friend 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 14.00
• Maximum: 41.00


Relationship of fourteenth person to spouse?
Notes: Remarks: The RELSP1-14 series asks the respondent to link the spouse or partner of the head of the household to other
persons living in the household. Because spouse/partner of head of the household is always collected second, in RELSP2 the
subject and object are one and the same person.

Frequency

2 Spouse 0 0.0 %
7 Parent 0 0.0 %
- 404 -
Frequency
12 Cousin 0 0.0 %
17 Friend 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 41.00
• Maximum: 41.00

ISCO88: RESPONDENT'S OCCUPATION, 1980 CENSUS & 1988 ISCO CODE

Respondent's occupation

Frequency
110 - 97 2.0 %
1210 - 23 0.5 %
1220 - 55 1.1 %
1221 - 24 0.5 %
1223 - 16 0.3 %
1225 - 47 1.0 %
1226 - 5 0.1 %
1227 - 51 1.1 %
1229 - 55 1.1 %
1231 - 41 0.9 %
1232 - 10 0.2 %
1233 - 113 2.3 %
- 405 -
Frequency
1234 - 3 0.1 %
1235 - 17 0.4 %
1236 - 13 0.3 %
1239 - 16 0.3 %
1311 - 1 0.0 %
1313 - 32 0.7 %
1315 - 5 0.1 %
1319 - 117 2.4 %
2110 - 3 0.1 %
2113 - 2 0.0 %
2121 - 3 0.1 %
2131 - 74 1.5 %
2132 - 14 0.3 %
2141 - 10 0.2 %
2142 - 10 0.2 %
2143 - 8 0.2 %
2144 - 3 0.1 %
2145 - 12 0.2 %
2146 - 2 0.0 %
2147 - 2 0.0 %
2148 - 2 0.0 %
2149 - 27 0.6 %
2211 - 21 0.4 %
2213 - 4 0.1 %
2221 - 10 0.2 %
2222 - 2 0.0 %
2223 - 5 0.1 %
2224 - 4 0.1 %
2229 - 6 0.1 %
2230 - 101 2.1 %
2310 - 57 1.2 %
2320 - 58 1.2 %
2331 - 101 2.1 %
2332 - 30 0.6 %
2340 - 13 0.3 %
2359 - 30 0.6 %
2411 - 57 1.2 %
2412 - 43 0.9 %
2419 - 25 0.5 %
- 406 -
Frequency
2421 - 21 0.4 %
2422 - 1 0.0 %
2431 - 3 0.1 %
2432 - 11 0.2 %
2441 - 2 0.0 %
2444 - 6 0.1 %
2445 - 4 0.1 %
2446 - 58 1.2 %
2451 - 21 0.4 %
2452 - 7 0.1 %
2453 - 7 0.1 %
2455 - 11 0.2 %
2460 - 16 0.3 %
3110 - 1 0.0 %
3111 - 2 0.0 %
3112 - 8 0.2 %
3113 - 1 0.0 %
3118 - 4 0.1 %
3121 - 14 0.3 %
3122 - 2 0.0 %
3131 - 8 0.2 %
3132 - 5 0.1 %
3133 - 12 0.2 %
3142 - 1 0.0 %
3143 - 3 0.1 %
3144 - 3 0.1 %
3151 - 2 0.0 %
3152 - 21 0.4 %
3211 - 25 0.5 %
3212 - 1 0.0 %
3221 - 31 0.6 %
3223 - 3 0.1 %
3224 - 4 0.1 %
3225 - 13 0.3 %
3226 - 26 0.5 %
3229 - 32 0.7 %
3231 - 119 2.5 %
3300 - 35 0.7 %
3340 - 2 0.0 %
- 407 -
Frequency
3410 - 14 0.3 %
3411 - 4 0.1 %
3412 - 24 0.5 %
3413 - 24 0.5 %
3415 - 124 2.6 %
3416 - 16 0.3 %
3417 - 13 0.3 %
3429 - 24 0.5 %
3432 - 33 0.7 %
3434 - 1 0.0 %
Missing Data
9998 Don't know 0 0.0 %
9999 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 4292.94
• Median: 3443.00
• Mode: 4115.00
• Minimum: 110.00
• Maximum: 9333.00

PAISCO88: R'S FATHER'S OCCUPATION, 1980 CENSUS & 1988 ISCO CODE
Occupation of respondent's father

Frequency
110 - 105 2.2 %

1210 - 27 0.6 %
1220 - 28 0.6 %
1221 - 120 2.5 %
1223 - 25 0.5 %
1225 - 22 0.5 %
1226 - 6 0.1 %
1227 - 19 0.4 %
- 408 -
Frequency
1229 - 22 0.5 %
1231 - 28 0.6 %
1232 - 3 0.1 %
1233 - 91 1.9 %
1234 - 6 0.1 %
1235 - 11 0.2 %
1236 - 7 0.1 %
1239 - 15 0.3 %
1311 - 3 0.1 %
1313 - 36 0.7 %
1315 - 3 0.1 %
1319 - 85 1.8 %
2110 - 3 0.1 %
2112 - 1 0.0 %
2113 - 2 0.0 %
2121 - 1 0.0 %
2122 - 1 0.0 %
2131 - 40 0.8 %
2132 - 6 0.1 %
2141 - 7 0.1 %
2142 - 13 0.3 %
2143 - 17 0.4 %
2144 - 4 0.1 %
2145 - 12 0.2 %
2146 - 1 0.0 %
2147 - 4 0.1 %
2148 - 2 0.0 %
2149 - 11 0.2 %
2211 - 6 0.1 %
2213 - 5 0.1 %
2221 - 29 0.6 %
2222 - 5 0.1 %
2223 - 3 0.1 %
2224 - 4 0.1 %
2229 - 3 0.1 %
2230 - 29 0.6 %
2310 - 35 0.7 %
2320 - 33 0.7 %
2331 - 34 0.7 %
- 409 -
Frequency
2332 - 6 0.1 %
2340 - 3 0.1 %
2359 - 11 0.2 %
2411 - 28 0.6 %
2412 - 9 0.2 %
2419 - 8 0.2 %
2421 - 18 0.4 %
2422 - 1 0.0 %
2432 - 6 0.1 %
2441 - 2 0.0 %
2444 - 1 0.0 %
2446 - 26 0.5 %
2451 - 6 0.1 %
2452 - 7 0.1 %
2453 - 1 0.0 %
2455 - 1 0.0 %
2460 - 24 0.5 %
3110 - 1 0.0 %
3111 - 2 0.0 %
3112 - 12 0.2 %
3118 - 3 0.1 %
3121 - 3 0.1 %
3122 - 2 0.0 %
3131 - 2 0.0 %
3132 - 2 0.0 %
3133 - 1 0.0 %
3142 - 3 0.1 %
3143 - 8 0.2 %
3144 - 1 0.0 %
3151 - 2 0.0 %
3152 - 11 0.2 %
3211 - 9 0.2 %
3212 - 2 0.0 %
3221 - 9 0.2 %
3223 - 1 0.0 %
3224 - 1 0.0 %
3225 - 7 0.1 %
3226 - 15 0.3 %
3229 - 9 0.2 %
- 410 -
Frequency
3231 - 20 0.4 %
3300 - 12 0.2 %
3340 - 3 0.1 %
3410 - 6 0.1 %
3411 - 2 0.0 %
3412 - 20 0.4 %
3413 - 9 0.2 %
3415 - 55 1.1 %
3416 - 13 0.3 %
3417 - 7 0.1 %
3429 - 2 0.0 %
3432 - 8 0.2 %
3442 - 2 0.0 %
3443 - 1 0.0 %
Missing Data
9998 Don't know 0 0.0 %
9999 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 4576.35
• Median: 4115.00
• Mode: 1221.00
• Minimum: 110.00
• Maximum: 9333.00

MAISCO88: R'S MOTHER'S OCCUPATION, 1980 CENSUS & 1988 ISCO CODE
Respondent's Mother's Occupation

Frequency
110 - 118 2.4 %

1210 - 18 0.4 %
1220 - 32 0.7 %
1221 - 147 3.0 %
- 411 -
Frequency
1223 - 28 0.6 %
1225 - 36 0.7 %
1226 - 12 0.2 %
1227 - 19 0.4 %
1229 - 20 0.4 %
1231 - 20 0.4 %
1232 - 5 0.1 %
1233 - 112 2.3 %
1234 - 4 0.1 %
1235 - 11 0.2 %
1236 - 3 0.1 %
1237 - 1 0.0 %
1239 - 7 0.1 %
1311 - 3 0.1 %
1313 - 32 0.7 %
1315 - 1 0.0 %
1319 - 76 1.6 %
2110 - 2 0.0 %
2111 - 2 0.0 %
2112 - 1 0.0 %
2113 - 7 0.1 %
2121 - 1 0.0 %
2122 - 1 0.0 %
2131 - 28 0.6 %
2132 - 7 0.1 %
2141 - 4 0.1 %
2142 - 17 0.4 %
2143 - 18 0.4 %
2144 - 10 0.2 %
2145 - 21 0.4 %
2146 - 2 0.0 %
2147 - 6 0.1 %
2148 - 2 0.0 %
2149 - 12 0.2 %
2211 - 3 0.1 %
2213 - 3 0.1 %
2221 - 25 0.5 %
2222 - 6 0.1 %
2223 - 2 0.0 %
- 412 -
Frequency
2224 - 8 0.2 %
2230 - 46 1.0 %
2310 - 26 0.5 %
2320 - 33 0.7 %
2331 - 56 1.2 %
2332 - 8 0.2 %
2340 - 8 0.2 %
2359 - 8 0.2 %
2411 - 46 1.0 %
2412 - 4 0.1 %
2419 - 11 0.2 %
2421 - 17 0.4 %
2422 - 1 0.0 %
2431 - 3 0.1 %
2432 - 5 0.1 %
2441 - 2 0.0 %
2445 - 5 0.1 %
2446 - 24 0.5 %
2451 - 2 0.0 %
2452 - 2 0.0 %
2453 - 6 0.1 %
2455 - 1 0.0 %
2460 - 14 0.3 %
3110 - 2 0.0 %
3112 - 11 0.2 %
3118 - 4 0.1 %
3121 - 2 0.0 %
3122 - 3 0.1 %
3131 - 4 0.1 %
3132 - 4 0.1 %
3133 - 2 0.0 %
3143 - 5 0.1 %
3144 - 1 0.0 %
3151 - 5 0.1 %
3152 - 27 0.6 %
3211 - 6 0.1 %
3212 - 3 0.1 %
3221 - 4 0.1 %
3223 - 8 0.2 %
- 413 -
Frequency
3224 - 1 0.0 %
3225 - 3 0.1 %
3226 - 6 0.1 %
3227 - 1 0.0 %
3229 - 7 0.1 %
3231 - 51 1.1 %
3300 - 11 0.2 %
3340 - 1 0.0 %
3410 - 4 0.1 %
3411 - 6 0.1 %
3412 - 26 0.5 %
3413 - 19 0.4 %
3415 - 53 1.1 %
3416 - 9 0.2 %
3417 - 8 0.2 %
3422 - 1 0.0 %
3429 - 8 0.2 %
3432 - 28 0.6 %
Missing Data
9998 Don't know 0 0.0 %
9999 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 4829.79
• Median: 4212.00
• Mode: 1221.00
• Minimum: 110.00
• Maximum: 9333.00

SPISCO88: R'S SPOUSE'S OCCUPATION, 1980 CENSUS & 1988 ISCO CODE
Occupation of respondent's spouse
- 414 -
Frequency
110 - 62 1.3 %
1210 - 15 0.3 %
1220 - 8 0.2 %
1221 - 12 0.2 %
1223 - 6 0.1 %
1225 - 45 0.9 %
1226 - 5 0.1 %
1227 - 17 0.4 %
1229 - 23 0.5 %
1231 - 23 0.5 %
1232 - 5 0.1 %
1233 - 57 1.2 %
1234 - 1 0.0 %
1235 - 3 0.1 %
1236 - 5 0.1 %
1239 - 11 0.2 %
1311 - 1 0.0 %
1313 - 14 0.3 %
1315 - 5 0.1 %
1319 - 57 1.2 %
2110 - 2 0.0 %
2113 - 3 0.1 %
2121 - 2 0.0 %
2131 - 30 0.6 %
2132 - 4 0.1 %
2141 - 2 0.0 %
2142 - 6 0.1 %
2143 - 1 0.0 %
2144 - 1 0.0 %
2145 - 11 0.2 %
2146 - 1 0.0 %
2147 - 1 0.0 %
2149 - 9 0.2 %
2211 - 4 0.1 %
2213 - 1 0.0 %
2221 - 13 0.3 %
2222 - 3 0.1 %
2223 - 1 0.0 %
2224 - 2 0.0 %
- 415 -
Frequency
2229 - 1 0.0 %
2230 - 89 1.8 %
2310 - 23 0.5 %
2320 - 39 0.8 %
2331 - 98 2.0 %
2332 - 13 0.3 %
2340 - 9 0.2 %
2359 - 7 0.1 %
2411 - 37 0.8 %
2412 - 10 0.2 %
2419 - 11 0.2 %
2421 - 11 0.2 %
2422 - 1 0.0 %
2432 - 9 0.2 %
2440 - 1 0.0 %
2444 - 1 0.0 %
2445 - 2 0.0 %
2446 - 33 0.7 %
2451 - 13 0.3 %
2452 - 2 0.0 %
2453 - 5 0.1 %
2454 - 1 0.0 %
2455 - 1 0.0 %
2460 - 5 0.1 %
3111 - 3 0.1 %
3112 - 1 0.0 %
3118 - 2 0.0 %
3121 - 4 0.1 %
3122 - 4 0.1 %
3131 - 2 0.0 %
3132 - 2 0.0 %
3133 - 3 0.1 %
3143 - 2 0.0 %
3151 - 1 0.0 %
3152 - 18 0.4 %
3211 - 6 0.1 %
3212 - 2 0.0 %
3221 - 9 0.2 %
3223 - 6 0.1 %
- 416 -
Frequency
3224 - 2 0.0 %
3225 - 10 0.2 %
3226 - 10 0.2 %
3229 - 17 0.4 %
3231 - 91 1.9 %
3300 - 25 0.5 %
3340 - 4 0.1 %
3410 - 3 0.1 %
3412 - 9 0.2 %
3413 - 24 0.5 %
3415 - 43 0.9 %
3416 - 1 0.0 %
3417 - 7 0.1 %
3429 - 5 0.1 %
3432 - 16 0.3 %
3442 - 3 0.1 %
3443 - 2 0.0 %
3450 - 1 0.0 %
3460 - 2 0.0 %
3470 - 1 0.0 %
3471 - 11 0.2 %
3475 - 2 0.0 %
Missing Data
9998 Don't know 0 0.0 %
9999 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 4554.71
• Median: 4115.00
• Mode: 4115.00
• Minimum: 110.00
• Maximum: 9333.00

- 417 -
USWAR: EXPECT U.S. IN WAR WITHIN 10 YEARS
Do you expect the United States to fight in another war within the next ten years?

Frequency
1 Yes 1185 24.6 %

2 No 411 8.5 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 72 1.5 %
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

USWARY: EXPECT U.S. IN WORLD WAR IN 10 YEARS

Do you expect the United States to fight in another world war within the next ten years?
Notes: Remarks: USWARY appeared on Form 2 in 1976 and 1985. It is a variant of USWAR.

Frequency
1 Yes 786 16.3 %

2 No 695 14.4 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 80 1.7 %
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

COHORT: YEAR OF BIRTH

Birth cohort of respondent.
- 418 -
Frequency
1923 - 43 0.9 %
1924 - 15 0.3 %
1925 - 15 0.3 %
1926 - 18 0.4 %
1927 - 19 0.4 %
1928 - 31 0.6 %
1929 - 19 0.4 %
1930 - 31 0.6 %
1931 - 23 0.5 %
1932 - 27 0.6 %
1933 - 30 0.6 %
1934 - 41 0.9 %
1935 - 33 0.7 %
1936 - 37 0.8 %
1937 - 34 0.7 %
1938 - 41 0.9 %
1939 - 49 1.0 %
1940 - 49 1.0 %
1941 - 67 1.4 %
1942 - 57 1.2 %
1943 - 76 1.6 %
1944 - 54 1.1 %
1945 - 65 1.3 %
1946 - 53 1.1 %
1947 - 86 1.8 %
1948 - 90 1.9 %
1949 - 69 1.4 %
1950 - 77 1.6 %
1951 - 95 2.0 %
1952 - 90 1.9 %
1953 - 77 1.6 %
1954 - 92 1.9 %
1955 - 89 1.8 %
1956 - 79 1.6 %
1957 - 104 2.2 %
1958 - 101 2.1 %
1959 - 85 1.8 %
1960 - 97 2.0 %
1961 - 113 2.3 %
- 419 -
Frequency
1962 - 81 1.7 %
1963 - 92 1.9 %
1964 - 88 1.8 %
1965 - 81 1.7 %
1966 - 86 1.8 %
1967 - 84 1.7 %
1968 - 75 1.6 %
1969 - 82 1.7 %
1970 - 89 1.8 %
1971 - 98 2.0 %
1972 - 78 1.6 %
1973 - 99 2.1 %
1974 - 84 1.7 %
1975 - 95 2.0 %
1976 - 72 1.5 %
1977 - 85 1.8 %
1978 - 78 1.6 %
1979 - 97 2.0 %
1980 - 94 2.0 %
1981 - 94 2.0 %
1982 - 98 2.0 %
1983 - 75 1.6 %
1984 - 82 1.7 %
1985 - 87 1.8 %
1986 - 65 1.3 %
1987 - 74 1.5 %
1988 - 63 1.3 %
1989 - 70 1.5 %
1990 - 50 1.0 %
1991 - 47 1.0 %
1992 - 23 0.5 %
1993 - 20 0.4 %
1994 - 12 0.2 %
Missing Data
9999 No answer 51 1.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 420 -
• Mean: 1962.41
• Median: 1963.00
• Mode: 1961.00
• Minimum: 1923.00
• Maximum: 1994.00

ZODIAC: RESPONDENT'S ASTROLOGICAL SIGN

ASTROLOGICAL SIGN OF RESPONDENT

Frequency
1 Aries 381 7.9 %

2 Taurus 392 8.1 %
3 Gemini 385 8.0 %
4 Cancer 396 8.2 %
5 Leo 404 8.4 %
6 Virgo 430 8.9 %
7 Libra 441 9.1 %
8 Scorpio 350 7.3 %
9 Sagittarius 356 7.4 %
10 Capricorn 378 7.8 %
11 Aquarius 401 8.3 %
12 Pisces 406 8.4 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
99 No answer 100 2.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 12.00

INTHISP: IS INTERVIEWER SPANISH, HISPANIC OR LATINO

Interviewer, are you Spanish, Hispanic, or Latino/Latina? Which group are you from: Mexican, Mexican American,
Chicano/Chicana, Puerto Rican, Cuban, Other. Please specific other.
Notes: Remarks: See Appendix D: Recodes.
- 421 -
Frequency
1 Not Hispanic 4363 90.5 %

2 Mexican, Mexican American, Chicano/a 223 4.6 %
3 Puerto Rican 28 0.6 %
4 Cuban 23 0.5 %
5 Salvadorian 0 0.0 %
6 Guatemalan 0 0.0 %
7 Panamanian 0 0.0 %
8 Nicaraguan 1 0.0 %
9 Costa rican 0 0.0 %
10 Central American 0 0.0 %
11 Honduran 2 0.0 %
15 Dominican 0 0.0 %
16 West Indian 0 0.0 %
20 Peruvian 0 0.0 %
21 Equadorian 0 0.0 %
22 Columbian 0 0.0 %
23 Venezuelan 15 0.3 %
24 Argentinian 1 0.0 %
27 Colombian 0 0.0 %
30 Spanish 55 1.1 %
31 Basque 0 0.0 %
35 Filipino/a 0 0.0 %
40 Latin American 0 0.0 %
41 South American 0 0.0 %
45 Latin 0 0.0 %
46 Latino/a 0 0.0 %
50 Other, not specified 12 0.2 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
99 No answer 78 1.6 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 50.00

- 422 -
INTRACE1: INTERVIEWER S RACE1
yourself to be.
First mention.

Frequency
1 White 4000 83.0 %

2 Black or African 585 12.1 %
5 Chinese 1 0.0 %
6 Filipino 1 0.0 %
7 Japanese 21 0.4 %
8 Korean 0 0.0 %
13 Samoan 0 0.0 %
16 Hispanic 6 0.1 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 3 0.1 %
99 No answer 75 1.6 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 16.00

yourself to be.
- 423 -
Second mention.

Frequency
1 White 127 2.6 %

5 Chinese 0 0.0 %
6 Filipino 0 0.0 %
7 Japanese 0 0.0 %
8 Korean 0 0.0 %
13 Samoan 0 0.0 %
16 Hispanic 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 15.00

yourself to be.
Third mention.

Frequency
1 White 0 0.0 %
- 424 -
Frequency

5 Chinese 0 0.0 %
6 Filipino 0 0.0 %
7 Japanese 0 0.0 %
8 Korean 0 0.0 %
13 Samoan 0 0.0 %
16 Hispanic 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 2.00
• Maximum: 15.00

CONINC: FAMILY INCOME IN CONSTANT DOLLARS (BASE YR= 2000)

Inflation-adjusted family income.
Notes: Remarks: Income variables (INCOME72, INCOME, INCOME77, INCOME82, INCOME86, INCOME91) are recoded in six-
digit numbers and converted to 2000 dollars. Since this variable is based on categorical data, income is not continuous, but based
on categorical mid-points and imputations. For details see GSS Methodological Report No. 101.

Frequency
383.00000 - 56 1.2 %
1532.00000 - 45 0.9 %
2681.00000 - 35 0.7 %
3447.00000 - 28 0.6 %
4213.00000 - 23 0.5 %
4979.00000 - 40 0.8 %
- 425 -
Frequency
5745.00000 - 52 1.1 %
6894.00000 - 100 2.1 %
8617.50000 - 164 3.4 %
10532.50000 - 149 3.1 %
12447.50000 - 139 2.9 %
14362.50000 - 110 2.3 %
16277.50000 - 149 3.1 %
18192.50000 - 153 3.2 %
21065.00000 - 215 4.5 %
24895.00000 - 254 5.3 %
28725.00000 - 229 4.8 %
34470.00000 - 388 8.0 %
42130.00000 - 327 6.8 %
51705.00000 - 422 8.8 %
63195.00000 - 316 6.6 %
76600.00000 - 297 6.2 %
91920.00000 - 191 4.0 %
107240.00000 - 132 2.7 %
178712.46494 - 360 7.5 %
Missing Data
0.00000 Inapplicable 446 9.3 %
999998.00000 Don't know 0 0.0 %
999999.00000 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 49893.88326
• Median: 34470.00000
• Mode: 51705.00000
• Minimum: 383.00000
• Maximum: 178712.46494

CONRINC: RESPONDENT INCOME IN CONSTANT DOLLARS

Inflation-adjusted personal income.
Notes: Remarks: Income variables (INCOME, RINCOM77, RINCOM82, RINCOM86, RINCOM91) are recoded in six- digit numbers
and converted to 2000 dollars. Since this variable is based on categorical data, income is not continuous, but based on categorical
mid-points and imputations. For details see GSS Methodological Report No. 101.
- 426 -
Frequency
383.00000 - 61 1.3 %
1532.00000 - 76 1.6 %
2681.00000 - 62 1.3 %
3447.00000 - 44 0.9 %
4213.00000 - 50 1.0 %
4979.00000 - 54 1.1 %
5745.00000 - 50 1.0 %
6894.00000 - 74 1.5 %
8617.50000 - 129 2.7 %
10532.50000 - 120 2.5 %
12447.50000 - 89 1.8 %
14362.50000 - 94 2.0 %
16277.50000 - 120 2.5 %
18192.50000 - 133 2.8 %
21065.00000 - 179 3.7 %
24895.00000 - 208 4.3 %
28725.00000 - 171 3.5 %
34470.00000 - 287 6.0 %
42130.00000 - 203 4.2 %
51705.00000 - 217 4.5 %
63195.00000 - 128 2.7 %
76600.00000 - 114 2.4 %
91920.00000 - 53 1.1 %
107240.00000 - 35 0.7 %
324512.29214 - 81 1.7 %
Missing Data
0.00000 Inapplicable 1988 41.2 %
999998.00000 Don't know 0 0.0 %
999999.00000 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 37499.65401
• Median: 24895.00000
• Mode: 34470.00000
• Minimum: 383.00000
• Maximum: 324512.29214

- 427 -
WHOELSE1: PRESENCE OF OTHERS: CHILDREN UNDER SIX
What other persons were present during the interview? Circle

all that apply.
Children under 6

Frequency
1 Yes 500 10.4 %

2 No 4313 89.5 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 7 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

WHOELSE2: PRESENCE OF OTHERS: OLDER CHILDREN

all that apply.
Older Children

Frequency
1 Yes 395 8.2 %

2 No 4418 91.7 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 7 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00
- 428 -
WHOELSE3: PRESENCE OF OTHERS: SPOUSE PARTNER

all that apply.
Spouse Partner

Frequency
1 Yes 678 14.1 %

2 No 4135 85.8 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 7 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

WHOELSE4: PRESENCE OF OTHERS: OTHER RELATIVES

all that apply.
Other Relatives

Frequency
1 Yes 217 4.5 %

2 No 4596 95.4 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 7 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 429 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

WHOELSE5: PRESENCE OF OTHERS: OTHER ADULTS

all that apply.
Other Adults

Frequency
1 Yes 271 5.6 %

2 No 4542 94.2 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 7 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

WHOELSE6: PRESENCE OF OTHERS: NO ONE

all that apply.
No One

Frequency
1 Yes 3016 62.6 %

2 No 1797 37.3 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 7 0.1 %
- 430 -
Frequency
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

MARELIG: WHAT WAS MOTHER'S RELIGIOUS PREFERENCE
What was your mother's religious preference when you were

growing up? Was it Protestant, Catholic, Jewish, some other religion,
or no religion?
Added text: IF R HAD NO MOTHER OR WASN'T RAISED BY THEIR MOTHER CODE

'DON'T KNOW.' IF R IS UNSURE WHO TO REPORT ABOUT (E.G. BIOLOGICAL
PARENT, ADOPTED PARENT, STEP PARENT) TO REPORT ON THE PERSON WHO
MAINLY RAISED AS A MOTHER.
RECORD MULTIPLE RELIGIONS IN THE 'OTHER' CATEGORY
Notes: Remarks: In 2008, MARELIG was only asked to respondents who selected "Jewish" as their own religion. In 2012,
MARELIG was asked if RELIG=3, or OTHJEW=1 or 2, or RELIG16=3, or OTHJEW16=1 or 2.

Frequency
2 Catholic 8 0.2 %
3 Jewish 56 1.2 %
4 None 4 0.1 %
5 Other 3 0.1 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

MAJEW: WHAT SORT OF JEW WAS RS MOTHER
- 431 -
Was she Orthodox, Conservative, Reform, or none of these?

Frequency
1 Orthodox 12 0.2 %
3 Reform 25 0.5 %
5 Other 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

PARELIG: WHAT WAS FATHER'S RELIGIOUS PREFERENCE
What was your father's religious preference when you were

growing up? Was it Protestant, Catholic, Jewish, some other religion,
or no religion?
Added text: IF R HAD NO FATHER OR WASN'T RAISED BY THEIR FATHER CODE

'DON'T KNOW.' IF R IS UNSURE WHO TO REPORT ABOUT (E.G. BIOLOGICAL
PARENT, ADOPTED PARENT, STEP PARENT) TO REPORT ON THE PERSON WHO
MAINLY RAISED AS A FATHER.
RECORD MULTIPLE RELIGIONS IN THE 'OTHER' CATEGORY
Notes: Remarks: In 2008, PARELIG was only asked to respondents who selected "Jewish" as their own religion. In 2012, PARELIG
was asked if RELIG=3, or OTHJEW=1 or 2, or RELIG16=3, or OTHJEW16=1 or 2.

Frequency
2 Catholic 6 0.1 %
3 Jewish 52 1.1 %
4 None 10 0.2 %
5 Other 3 0.1 %
Missing Data
- 432 -
Frequency
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

PAJEW: WHAT SORT OF JEW WAS RS FATHER

Was he Orthodox, Conservative, Reform, or none of these?

Frequency
1 Orthodox 10 0.2 %
3 Reform 19 0.4 %
5 Other 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

GOD: RS CONFIDENCE IN THE EXISTENCE OF GOD

Please look at this card and tell me which of the statements comes closest to expressing what you believe about God.
Notes: Remarks: This question was asked as part of the 1993 ISSP module on the environment; see also GODHELP-DRINKYR,
LOSEJOB5-HARJOB5. Card BO contained responses 1-6.

Frequency
1 Don't believe 176 3.7 %

2 No way to find out 269 5.6 %
3 Some higher power 534 11.1 %
- 433 -
Frequency
4 Believe sometimes 197 4.1 %

5 Believe but doubts 799 16.6 %
6 Know god exists 2813 58.4 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 13 0.3 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 6.00

REBORN: HAS R EVER HAD A 'BORN AGAIN' EXPERIENCE

Would you say you have been 'born again' or have had a 'born- again' experience, that is, a turning point in your life when you
committed yourself to Christ?
Notes: Remarks: This question was asked as part of the 1991 ISSP module on religion; see also SPIRITS, GRACE, NEARGOD,
AGEBORN, COMPWAGE, STORMTXT-EFF911M.

Frequency
1 Yes 1988 41.2 %

2 No 2751 57.1 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 57 1.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

SAVESOUL: TRIED TO CONVINCE OTHERS TO ACCEPT JESUS

Have you ever tried to encourage someone to believe in Jesus Christ or accept Jesus Christ as his or her savior?
- 434 -
Frequency
1 Yes 2105 43.7 %

2 No 2696 55.9 %
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

NUMCONG: NUMBER OF MEMBERS OF THE CONGREGATION

About how many members does this congregation have?
Notes: Remarks: NUMCONG is coded in four digits.

Frequency
2 - 7 0.1 %
6 - 3 0.1 %
9 - 1 0.0 %
10 - 3 0.1 %
11 - 1 0.0 %
15 - 7 0.1 %
16 - 2 0.0 %
18 - 3 0.1 %
20 - 17 0.4 %
25 - 5 0.1 %
27 - 1 0.0 %
28 - 1 0.0 %
30 - 21 0.4 %
35 - 7 0.1 %
37 - 1 0.0 %
40 - 24 0.5 %
45 - 8 0.2 %
50 - 75 1.6 %
55 - 3 0.1 %
60 - 36 0.7 %
- 435 -
Frequency
65 - 6 0.1 %
70 - 18 0.4 %
74 - 1 0.0 %
75 - 16 0.3 %
77 - 1 0.0 %
80 - 17 0.4 %
83 - 2 0.0 %
85 - 3 0.1 %
89 - 1 0.0 %
90 - 6 0.1 %
92 - 1 0.0 %
98 - 1 0.0 %
99 - 1 0.0 %
100 - 122 2.5 %
103 - 1 0.0 %
110 - 2 0.0 %
115 - 1 0.0 %
120 - 20 0.4 %
125 - 10 0.2 %
130 - 2 0.0 %
140 - 3 0.1 %
150 - 72 1.5 %
160 - 4 0.1 %
170 - 2 0.0 %
175 - 4 0.1 %
180 - 2 0.0 %
200 - 139 2.9 %
215 - 1 0.0 %
220 - 1 0.0 %
225 - 5 0.1 %
233 - 1 0.0 %
240 - 1 0.0 %
250 - 30 0.6 %
260 - 1 0.0 %
300 - 102 2.1 %
324 - 1 0.0 %
325 - 2 0.0 %
350 - 16 0.3 %
375 - 2 0.0 %
- 436 -
Frequency
400 - 57 1.2 %
402 - 1 0.0 %
420 - 2 0.0 %
450 - 3 0.1 %
500 - 105 2.2 %
550 - 4 0.1 %
560 - 1 0.0 %
600 - 30 0.6 %
650 - 2 0.0 %
681 - 1 0.0 %
700 - 17 0.4 %
750 - 5 0.1 %
799 - 1 0.0 %
800 - 17 0.4 %
850 - 1 0.0 %
900 - 9 0.2 %
950 - 1 0.0 %
1000 - 104 2.2 %
1100 - 4 0.1 %
1200 - 16 0.3 %
1300 - 2 0.0 %
1400 - 4 0.1 %
1500 - 28 0.6 %
1600 - 3 0.1 %
1800 - 1 0.0 %
2000 - 59 1.2 %
2100 - 1 0.0 %
2185 - 1 0.0 %
2200 - 1 0.0 %
2400 - 1 0.0 %
2500 - 18 0.4 %
3000 - 40 0.8 %
3500 - 5 0.1 %
4000 - 12 0.2 %
4500 - 1 0.0 %
4700 - 1 0.0 %
5000 - 42 0.9 %
5500 - 1 0.0 %
6000 - 5 0.1 %
- 437 -
Frequency
7000 - 4 0.1 %
7500 - 1 0.0 %
Missing Data
9998 Don't know 475 9.9 %
9999 No answer 189 3.9 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 979.00
• Median: 300.00
• Mode: 200.00
• Minimum: 2.00
• Maximum: 9996.00

RELACTIV: HOW OFTEN DOES R TAKE PART IN RELIGIOUS ACTIVITIES

How often do you take part in the activities and organizations of a church or place of worship other than attending service?

Frequency
1 Never 2178 45.2 %

2 Less than once a year 356 7.4 %
3 About once or twice a year 599 12.4 %
5 About once a month 299 6.2 %
6 2-3 times a month 288 6.0 %
7 Nearly every week 136 2.8 %
8 Every week 382 7.9 %
10 Once a day 23 0.5 %
11 Several times a day 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 5 0.1 %
99 No answer 16 0.3 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 438 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 10.00

WLTHWHTS: RICH - POOR [WHITES]
Now I have some questions about different groups in our

society. I'm going to show you a seven-point scale on which the
characteristics of people in a group can be rated. In the first
statement a score of 1 means that you think almost all of the people
in that group are "rich." A score of 7 means that you think almost
everyone in the group are "poor." A score of 4 means you think that
the group is not towards one end or another, and of course you may
choose any number in between that comes closest to where you think
people in the group stand.
Where would you rate whites in general on this scale?

Frequency
1 Rich 147 3.0 %

2 - 265 5.5 %
3 - 821 17.0 %
4 - 1658 34.4 %
5 - 244 5.1 %
6 - 38 0.8 %
7 Poor 7 0.1 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 37 0.8 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 3.54
• Median: 4.00
• Mode: 4.00
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 7.00

- 439 -
WLTHBLKS: RICH - POOR [BLACKS]
Now I have some questions about different groups in our

society. I'm going to show you a seven-point scale on which the
characteristics of people in a group can be rated. In the first
statement a score of 1 means that you think almost all of the people
in that group are "rich." A score of 7 means that you think almost
everyone in the group are "poor." A score of 4 means you think that
the group is not towards one end or another, and of course you may
choose any number in between that comes closest to where you think
people in the group stand.
Blacks?

Frequency
1 Rich 6 0.1 %
2 - 49 1.0 %
3 - 212 4.4 %
4 - 900 18.7 %
5 - 1300 27.0 %
6 - 580 12.0 %
7 Poor 127 2.6 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 43 0.9 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 4.79
• Median: 5.00
• Mode: 5.00
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 7.00

WLTHHSPS: RICH - POOR [HISPANIC AMERICANS]

Hispanic Americans?

Frequency
1 Rich 4 0.1 %
2 - 20 0.4 %
- 440 -
Frequency
3 - 83 1.7 %
4 - 247 5.1 %
5 - 416 8.6 %
6 - 225 4.7 %
7 Poor 47 1.0 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 35 0.7 %
9 No answer 3 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 4.84
• Median: 5.00
• Mode: 5.00
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 7.00

WORKWHTS: HARD WORKING - LAZY [WHITES]
The second set of characteristics asks if people in the group

tend to be hard-working or if they tend to be lazy.

Frequency
1 Hardworking 177 3.7 %

2 - 331 6.9 %
3 - 691 14.3 %
4 - 1560 32.4 %
5 - 306 6.3 %
6 - 68 1.4 %
7 Lazy 29 0.6 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 42 0.9 %
- 441 -
Frequency
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 3.57
• Median: 4.00
• Mode: 4.00
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 7.00

WORKBLKS: HARD WORKING - LAZY [BLACKS]
The second set of characteristics asks if people in the group

tend to be hard-working or if they tend to be lazy.
Blacks?

Frequency
2 - 125 2.6 %
3 - 365 7.6 %
4 - 1579 32.8 %
5 - 644 13.4 %
6 - 267 5.5 %
7 Lazy 101 2.1 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 46 1.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 4.21
• Median: 4.00
• Mode: 4.00
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 7.00

- 442 -
WORKHSPS: HARD WORKING-LAZY

Hispanic Americans?

Frequency

2 - 154 3.2 %
3 - 225 4.7 %
4 - 405 8.4 %
5 - 108 2.2 %
6 - 32 0.7 %
7 Lazy 10 0.2 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 25 0.5 %
9 No answer 8 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 3.36
• Median: 4.00
• Mode: 4.00
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 7.00

INTLWHTS: UNINTELLIGENT-INTELLIGENT [WHITES]
Do people in these groups tend to be unintelligent or tend to

be intelligent?

Frequency
1 Unintelligent 16 0.3 %
2 - 57 1.2 %
3 - 155 3.2 %
4 - 1463 30.4 %
5 - 757 15.7 %
- 443 -
Frequency
6 - 468 9.7 %
7 Intelligent 223 4.6 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 54 1.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 4.65
• Median: 4.00
• Mode: 4.00
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 7.00

INTLBLKS: UNINTELLIGENT - INTELLIGENT [BLACKS]
Do people in these groups tend to be unintelligent or tend to

be intelligent?
Blacks?

Frequency
2 - 75 1.6 %
3 - 325 6.7 %
4 - 1748 36.3 %
5 - 609 12.6 %
6 - 236 4.9 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 61 1.3 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 444 -
• Mean: 4.30
• Median: 4.00
• Mode: 4.00
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 7.00

INTLHSPS: UNINTELLIGENT - INTELLIGENT [HISPANIC AMERICANS]
(Do people in these groups tend to be unintelligent or tend to

be intelligent?)
(A score of 1 means that you think almost all of the people in the
group are 'unintelligent.' A score of 7 means that you think almost
everyone in the group is 'intelligent.' A score of 4 means that you
think that the group is not towards one end or the other, and of
course you may choose any number in between that comes closest to
where you think people in the group stand.)
Hispanics?

Frequency
2 - 42 0.9 %
3 - 118 2.4 %
4 - 555 11.5 %
5 - 204 4.2 %
6 - 67 1.4 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 33 0.7 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 4.24
• Median: 4.00
• Mode: 4.00
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 7.00

- 445 -
LIVEBLKS: NEIGHBORHOOD HALF BLACK
Now I'm going to ask you about different types of contact with
various groups of people. In each situation would you please tell me
whether you would be very much in favor of it happening, somewhat in
favor, neither in favor nor opposed to it happening, somewhat opposed,
or very much opposed to it happening?
Living in a neighborhood where half of your neighbors were blacks?

Frequency
1 Strongly favor 299 6.2 %

2 Favor 648 13.4 %
3 Neither favor nor oppose 1572 32.6 %
4 Oppose 486 10.1 %
5 Strongly oppose 195 4.0 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 23 0.5 %
9 No answer 8 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

LIVEWHTS: R FAVORS LIVING IN HALF WHITE NEIGHBORHOOD
Now I'm going to ask you about different types of contact with
various groups of people. In each situation would you please tell me
whether you would be very much in favor of it happening, somewhat in
favor, neither in favor nor opposed to it happening, somewhat opposed,
or very much opposed to it happening?
Living in a neighborhood where half of your neighbors were whites?

Frequency

2 Favor 822 17.1 %
- 446 -
Frequency
4 Oppose 123 2.6 %

Missing Data
8 Don't know 21 0.4 %
9 No answer 9 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

MARBLK: CLOSE RELATIVE MARRY BLACK

How about having a close relative or family member marry a black person?

Frequency

2 Favor 436 9.0 %
4 Oppose 311 6.5 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 13 0.3 %
9 No answer 8 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

MARASIAN: CLOSE RELATIVE MARRY ASIAN

An Asian American person?
- 447 -
Frequency

2 Favor 537 11.1 %
4 Oppose 275 5.7 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 22 0.5 %
9 No answer 8 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

MARHISP: CLOSE RELATIVE MARRY HISPANIC

An Hispanic American person?

Frequency

2 Favor 529 11.0 %
4 Oppose 248 5.1 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 22 0.5 %
9 No answer 7 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

MARWHT: R FAVOR CLOSE RELATIVE MARRYING WHITE PERSON
- 448 -
What about having a close relative marry a white person? Would you be very in favor of it happening, somewhat in favor, neither in
favor nor opposed to it happening, somewhat opposed, or very opposed to it happening?

Frequency

2 Favor 460 9.5 %
4 Oppose 63 1.3 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 5 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

RACWORK: RACIAL MAKEUP OF WORKPLACE

Are the people who work where you work all White, mostly White, about half and half, mostly Black, or all Black?

Frequency
1 All white 393 8.2 %

2 Mostly white 812 16.8 %
3 Half white-black 476 9.9 %
4 Mostly black 89 1.8 %
5 All black 16 0.3 %
6 Works alone 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 52 1.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00
- 449 -
DISCAFF: WHITES HURT BY AFFIRMATIVE ACTION

What do you think the chances are these days that a white person won't get a job or promotion while an equally or less qualified
black person gets one instead? Is this very likely, somewhat likely, or not very likely to happen these days?

Frequency

2 Somewhat likely 1334 27.7 %
3 Not very likely 1226 25.4 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 124 2.6 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

FEJOBAFF: FOR OR AGAINST PREFERENTIAL HIRING OF WOMEN
Some people say that because of past discrimination, women

should be given preference in hiring and promotion. Others say that
such preference in hiring and promotion of women is wrong because it
discriminates against men. What about your opinion - are you for or
against preferential hiring and promotion of women?
Added text: IF FOR: Do you favor preference in hiring and promotion

strongly or not strongly? IF AGAINST: Do you oppose preference in
hiring and promotion strongly or not strongly?
Notes: Remarks: Asked on Form=1 only after 1996.

Frequency
1 Strongly for 342 7.1 %

2 For 169 3.5 %
3 Against 438 9.1 %
4 Strongly against 588 12.2 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 59 1.2 %
- 450 -
Frequency
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

DISCAFFM: A MAN WON'T GET A JOB OR PROMOTION

What do you think the chances are these days that a man won't get a job or promotion while an equally or less qualified woman
gets one instead? Is this very likely, somewhat likely, somewhat unlikely, or very unlikely these days?

Frequency

3 Somewhat unlikely 529 11.0 %
4 Very unlikely 238 4.9 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 31 0.6 %
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

DISCAFFW: A WOMAN WON'T GET A JOB OR PROMOTION

What do you think the chances are these days that a woman won't get a job or promotion while an equally or less qualified man
gets one instead? Is this very likely, somewhat likely, somewhat unlikely, or very unlikely these days?

Frequency

3 Somewhat unlikely 313 6.5 %
4 Very unlikely 145 3.0 %
- 451 -
Frequency
Missing Data
8 Don't know 38 0.8 %
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

FEHIRE: SHOULD HIRE AND PROMOTE WOMEN
Now I'm going to read several statements. As I read each one,

please tell me whether you strongly agree, agree, neither agree nor
disagree, disagree, or strongly disagree. For example, here is the
statement:
Because of past discrimination, employers should make special efforts

to hire and promote qualified women.
Notes: Remarks: Hand card CP contained responses 1-5. Asked on Form=1 only after 1996.

Frequency

2 Agree 802 16.6 %
4 Disagree 364 7.6 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 3 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

- 452 -
RELPERSN: R CONSIDER SELF A RELIGIOUS PERSON
To what extent do you consider yourself a religious person? Are you very religious, moderately religious, slightly religious, or not
religious at all?

Frequency
1 Very religious 864 17.9 %

2 Moderately religious 1876 38.9 %
3 Slightly religious 1081 22.4 %
4 Not religious 962 20.0 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 16 0.3 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

SPRTPRSN: R CONSIDER SELF A SPIRITUAL PERSON

To what extent do you consider yourself a spiritual person? Are you very spiritual, moderately spiritual, slightly spiritual, or not
spiritual at all?

Frequency
1 Very spiritual 1420 29.5 %

2 Moderately spirtual 1810 37.6 %
3 Slightly spiritual 1012 21.0 %
4 Not spiritual 500 10.4 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 57 1.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

- 453 -
OTHLANG: CAN R SPEAK LANGUAGE OTHER THAN ENGLISH

Can you speak a language other than English?
Notes: Remarks: For those interviewed in Spanish, they were asked If they spoke a language other than Spanish.

Frequency
1 Yes 574 11.9 %

2 No 1397 29.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 3 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

OTHLANG1: WHAT OTHER LANGUAGES DOES R SPEAK - 1

LANGUAGE 1:
Notes: Remarks: English was an allowable code for those interviewed in Spanish, see OTHLANG.

Frequency
1 English 27 0.6 %
2 Spanish 281 5.8 %
3 Polish 7 0.1 %
4 French 56 1.2 %
5 Hebrew 2 0.0 %
6 Russian 7 0.1 %
7 Tagalog 7 0.1 %
8 Chinese 17 0.4 %
9 Urdu 0 0.0 %
10 Italian 10 0.2 %
11 Romanian 2 0.0 %
12 German 47 1.0 %
13 Pashtu 0 0.0 %
14 Chamorro 0 0.0 %
15 Ukranian 1 0.0 %
- 454 -
Frequency
16 Hungarian 0 0.0 %
17 Turkish 0 0.0 %
18 Khmer 0 0.0 %
19 Korean 7 0.1 %
20 Navajo 0 0.0 %
21 Malayam 0 0.0 %
22 Arabic 3 0.1 %
23 Farsi-Persian 0 0.0 %
24 Serbian 4 0.1 %
25 Lithuanian 0 0.0 %
27 Thai 0 0.0 %
28 Gujarati 1 0.0 %
30 Dari 0 0.0 %
31 Slovak 1 0.0 %
32 Japanese 5 0.1 %
33 Portuguese 10 0.2 %
34 Vajun 0 0.0 %
35 Yidddish 0 0.0 %
36 Creole 5 0.1 %
38 Norwegian 1 0.0 %
39 Malaysian 0 0.0 %
40 Latin 0 0.0 %
41 Czech 1 0.0 %
42 Hindu 9 0.2 %
43 Hakka 0 0.0 %
44 Swedish 1 0.0 %
45 Vesaya 0 0.0 %
46 Sign Language 6 0.1 %
47 Tongan 0 0.0 %
48 Armenian 1 0.0 %
49 Ibo 0 0.0 %
50 Dutch 3 0.1 %
51 Cherokee 2 0.0 %
52 Samoan 1 0.0 %
53 Yoruba 2 0.0 %
54 Greek 0 0.0 %
55 Lakota 0 0.0 %
56 African 1 0.0 %
- 455 -
Frequency
57 Anishnabee 0 0.0 %
58 Ilokand 0 0.0 %
59 Assyrian 0 0.0 %
60 Danish 1 0.0 %
61 Laotian 0 0.0 %
62 Finnish 0 0.0 %
63 Mohawk 0 0.0 %
64 Amharic 1 0.0 %
65 Bangladesh 0 0.0 %
66 Oriya 0 0.0 %
67 Hawaiian 0 0.0 %
68 Albanian 0 0.0 %
69 Hmong 5 0.1 %
70 Indonesian 0 0.0 %
71 Swahili 0 0.0 %
72 Telugu 0 0.0 %
73 Kannada 0 0.0 %
74 Bulgarian 1 0.0 %
75 Guarani 0 0.0 %
76 Bosnian 2 0.0 %
77 Punjabi 4 0.1 %
78 Latavain 1 0.0 %
79 Basque 0 0.0 %
80 Bicol 0 0.0 %
81 Croatian 0 0.0 %
82 Tigan Gypsy 0 0.0 %
83 Slovenian 0 0.0 %
84 Belgian 0 0.0 %
85 Mandingo 0 0.0 %
86 Jamaca 0 0.0 %
87 Somali 0 0.0 %
88 Native Amerian 2 0.0 %
89 Tagringa 0 0.0 %
90 Krio 0 0.0 %
91 Indian 0 0.0 %
92 Cebuano 0 0.0 %
93 Macedonian 0 0.0 %
94 Patois 0 0.0 %
95 Pangasinan 0 0.0 %
- 456 -
Frequency
96 Ilocano 1 0.0 %
97 Marathi 0 0.0 %
98 Kashmiri/Cashmiri 0 0.0 %
99 Tamil 3 0.1 %
100 Akan 0 0.0 %
101 Ethiopian 0 0.0 %
102 Georgian 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
998 Don't know 0 0.0 %
999 No answer 18 0.4 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 113.00

OTHLANG2: WHAT OTHER LANGUAGES DOES R SPEAK - 2

LANGUAGE 2:
Notes: Remarks: English was an allowable code for those interviewed in Spanish, see OTHLANG.

Frequency
1 English 7 0.1 %
2 Spanish 29 0.6 %
3 Polish 1 0.0 %
4 French 25 0.5 %
5 Hebrew 3 0.1 %
6 Russian 7 0.1 %
7 Tagalog 2 0.0 %
8 Chinese 0 0.0 %
9 Urdu 1 0.0 %
10 Italian 5 0.1 %
11 Romanian 0 0.0 %
12 German 14 0.3 %
13 Pashtu 0 0.0 %
- 457 -
Frequency
14 Chamorro 0 0.0 %
15 Ukranian 1 0.0 %
16 Hungarian 0 0.0 %
17 Turkish 1 0.0 %
18 Khmer 0 0.0 %
19 Korean 0 0.0 %
20 Navajo 0 0.0 %
21 Malayam 0 0.0 %
22 Arabic 4 0.1 %
23 Farsi-Persian 1 0.0 %
24 Serbian 0 0.0 %
25 Lithuanian 0 0.0 %
27 Thai 0 0.0 %
28 Gujarati 0 0.0 %
30 Dari 0 0.0 %
31 Slovak 2 0.0 %
32 Japanese 8 0.2 %
33 Portuguese 3 0.1 %
34 Vajun 0 0.0 %
35 Yidddish 2 0.0 %
36 Creole 1 0.0 %
38 Norwegian 0 0.0 %
39 Malaysian 0 0.0 %
40 Latin 0 0.0 %
41 Czech 0 0.0 %
42 Hindu 4 0.1 %
43 Hakka 0 0.0 %
44 Swedish 0 0.0 %
45 Vesaya 0 0.0 %
46 Sign Language 4 0.1 %
47 Tongan 0 0.0 %
48 Armenian 0 0.0 %
49 Ibo 0 0.0 %
50 Dutch 0 0.0 %
51 Cherokee 0 0.0 %
52 Samoan 0 0.0 %
53 Yoruba 0 0.0 %
54 Greek 0 0.0 %
- 458 -
Frequency
55 Lakota 0 0.0 %
56 African 0 0.0 %
57 Anishnabee 0 0.0 %
58 Ilokand 0 0.0 %
59 Assyrian 0 0.0 %
60 Danish 0 0.0 %
61 Laotian 2 0.0 %
62 Finnish 0 0.0 %
63 Mohawk 0 0.0 %
64 Amharic 0 0.0 %
65 Bangladesh 1 0.0 %
66 Oriya 0 0.0 %
67 Hawaiian 0 0.0 %
68 Albanian 0 0.0 %
69 Hmong 1 0.0 %
70 Indonesian 0 0.0 %
71 Swahili 0 0.0 %
72 Telugu 0 0.0 %
73 Kannada 0 0.0 %
74 Bulgarian 0 0.0 %
75 Guarani 0 0.0 %
76 Bosnian 0 0.0 %
77 Punjabi 1 0.0 %
78 Latavain 0 0.0 %
79 Basque 0 0.0 %
80 Bicol 0 0.0 %
81 Croatian 0 0.0 %
82 Tigan Gypsy 0 0.0 %
83 Slovenian 0 0.0 %
84 Belgian 0 0.0 %
85 Mandingo 0 0.0 %
86 Jamaca 0 0.0 %
87 Somali 0 0.0 %
88 Native Amerian 1 0.0 %
89 Tagringa 1 0.0 %
90 Krio 0 0.0 %
91 Indian 0 0.0 %
92 Cebuano 0 0.0 %
93 Macedonian 0 0.0 %
- 459 -
Frequency
94 Patois 0 0.0 %
95 Pangasinan 0 0.0 %
96 Ilocano 0 0.0 %
97 Marathi 1 0.0 %
98 Kashmiri/Cashmiri 0 0.0 %
99 Tamil 2 0.0 %
100 Akan 0 0.0 %
101 Ethiopian 0 0.0 %
102 Georgian 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
998 Don't know 0 0.0 %
999 No answer 3 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 118.00

SPKLANG: HOW WELL DOES R SPEAK OTHER LANGUAGE
How well do you speak that language?
Added text: FI INSTRUCTION: IF SPEAKS 2 OR MORE, ASK ONLY OF THE MOST

FLUENT LANGUAGE

Frequency
1 Very well 217 4.5 %

2 Well 136 2.8 %
3 Not well 144 3.0 %
4 Poorly/hardly at all 73 1.5 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 7 0.1 %
- 460 -
Frequency
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

BETRLANG: WHICH LANGUAGE R SPEAKS MORE FLUENT

Which language do you speak more fluently?

Frequency
1 Language 1 537 11.1 %

2 Language 2 33 0.7 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

COMPUSE: R USE COMPUTER

Do you personally ever use a computer at home, at work, or at some other location?

Frequency
1 Yes 1046 21.7 %

2 No 253 5.2 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 3 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 461 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

WEBMOB: R USES HOME INTERNET THROUGH MOBILE DEVICE

Do you have access to the Internet or World Wide Web in your home through a Internet-enabled mobile device like a smart phone,
PDA, or BlackBerry?

Frequency
1 Yes 59 1.2 %
2 No 193 4.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 3 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

EMAILMIN: EMAIL MINUTES PER WEEK

MINUTES:

Frequency
0 - 514 10.7 %
1 - 1 0.0 %
2 - 1 0.0 %
5 - 15 0.3 %
10 - 31 0.6 %
15 - 19 0.4 %
20 - 23 0.5 %
30 - 70 1.5 %
35 - 2 0.0 %
38 - 2 0.0 %
40 - 2 0.0 %
45 - 4 0.1 %
53 - 1 0.0 %
- 462 -
Frequency
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 5.39
• Median: 0.00
• Mode: 0.00
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 53.00

EMAILHR: EMAIL HOURS PER WEEK

HOURS:
Notes: Remarks: Responses for EMAILMIN and EMAILHR were collapsed for display purposes. In 2000 and 2002, EMAILMIN and
EMAILHR was screened by COMPUSE & WEBTV; in 2004, by COMPUSE only; in 2010, by COMPUSE & WEBMOB.

Frequency
0 - 285 5.9 %
1 - 186 3.9 %
2 - 106 2.2 %
3 - 59 1.2 %
4 - 35 0.7 %
5 - 57 1.2 %
6 - 31 0.6 %
7 - 34 0.7 %
8 - 24 0.5 %
9 - 1 0.0 %
10 - 51 1.1 %
11 - 2 0.0 %
12 - 12 0.2 %
13 - 3 0.1 %
14 - 13 0.3 %
15 - 23 0.5 %
16 - 3 0.1 %
18 - 2 0.0 %
- 463 -
Frequency
20 - 42 0.9 %
21 - 3 0.1 %
22 - 1 0.0 %
24 - 2 0.0 %
25 - 13 0.3 %
28 - 1 0.0 %
30 - 15 0.3 %
33 - 1 0.0 %
34 - 1 0.0 %
35 - 3 0.1 %
40 - 14 0.3 %
41 - 1 0.0 %
42 - 1 0.0 %
48 - 3 0.1 %
50 - 5 0.1 %
56 - 1 0.0 %
60 - 6 0.1 %
65 - 1 0.0 %
70 - 2 0.0 %
72 - 1 0.0 %
80 - 1 0.0 %
84 - 2 0.0 %
90 - 1 0.0 %
100 - 1 0.0 %
168 - 1 0.0 %
Missing Data
998 Don't know 3 0.1 %
999 No answer 2 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 6.89
• Median: 2.00
• Mode: 0.00
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 168.00

- 464 -
USEWWW: R USE WWW OTHER THAN EMAIL
Other than for e-mail, do you ever use the Internet or World Wide Web?
Notes: Remarks: In 2000, 2002, 2004, USEWWW was asked all of respondents who received questions EMAILMIN & EMAILHR.
In 2010, it was asked of all respondents who received EMAILMIN & EMAILHR and answered 0 to both questions.

Frequency
1 Yes 138 2.9 %

2 No 255 5.3 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

WWWHR: WWW HOURS PER WEEK

HOURS

Frequency
0 - 88 1.8 %
1 - 112 2.3 %
2 - 103 2.1 %
3 - 83 1.7 %
4 - 55 1.1 %
5 - 90 1.9 %
6 - 43 0.9 %
7 - 48 1.0 %
8 - 29 0.6 %
9 - 3 0.1 %
10 - 81 1.7 %
12 - 19 0.4 %
13 - 3 0.1 %
14 - 26 0.5 %
15 - 32 0.7 %
16 - 2 0.0 %
18 - 2 0.0 %
- 465 -
Frequency
19 - 1 0.0 %
20 - 58 1.2 %
21 - 10 0.2 %
24 - 6 0.1 %
25 - 20 0.4 %
28 - 9 0.2 %
30 - 29 0.6 %
32 - 1 0.0 %
33 - 1 0.0 %
35 - 6 0.1 %
36 - 2 0.0 %
38 - 1 0.0 %
40 - 21 0.4 %
42 - 1 0.0 %
45 - 5 0.1 %
48 - 1 0.0 %
50 - 8 0.2 %
60 - 6 0.1 %
63 - 2 0.0 %
65 - 2 0.0 %
70 - 3 0.1 %
80 - 1 0.0 %
84 - 1 0.0 %
100 - 2 0.0 %
112 - 1 0.0 %
184 - 1 0.0 %
Missing Data
998 Don't know 1 0.0 %
999 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 10.47
• Median: 5.00
• Mode: 1.00
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 184.00

- 466 -
WWWMIN: WWW MINUTES PER WEEK

MINUTES
Notes: Remarks: Responses for WWWMIN and WWWHR were collapsed for display purposes. In 2000, 2002, 2004, and 2010,
WWWMIN and WWWHR were screened by USEWWW.

Frequency
0 - 467 9.7 %
2 - 1 0.0 %
5 - 4 0.1 %
10 - 10 0.2 %
15 - 4 0.1 %
20 - 7 0.1 %
30 - 52 1.1 %
38 - 1 0.0 %
39 - 1 0.0 %
45 - 2 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 3.73
• Median: 0.00
• Mode: 0.00
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 45.00

WKVSFAM: HOW OFTEN JOB INTERFERES FAM LIFE

How often do the demands of your job interfere with your family life?
Notes: Remarks: Hand Card FX contains punches 1-4

Frequency
1 Often 151 3.1 %

2 Sometimes 339 7.0 %
3 Rarely 354 7.3 %
4 Never 302 6.3 %
- 467 -
Frequency
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

SUPCARES: SUPERVISOR CONCERNED ABOUT WELFARE

My supervisor is concerned about the welfare of those under him or her. (Would you say this is . . .)

Frequency
1 Very true 502 10.4 %

2 Somewhat true 399 8.3 %
3 Not too true 88 1.8 %
4 Not at all true 105 2.2 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 46 1.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

JOBSECOK: THE JOB SECURITY IS GOOD

Job security is good. (Would you say this is . . .)

Frequency
1 Very true 615 12.8 %

2 Somewhat true 410 8.5 %
3 Not too true 68 1.4 %
- 468 -
Frequency
4 Not at all true 47 1.0 %

Missing Data
8 Don't know 10 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

TRYNEWJB: HOW LIKELY R MAKE EFFORT FOR NEW JOB NEXT YEAR
Taking everything into consideration, how likely is it you will make a genuine effort to find a new job with another employer within
the next year?
Notes: Remarks: Hand Card GD contains punches 1-3

Frequency

3 Not at all likely 713 14.8 %
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

WKAGEISM: R FEELS DISCRIMINATED BECAUSE OF AGE

Do you feel in any way discriminated against on your job because of your age?

Frequency
1 Yes 108 2.2 %
- 469 -
Frequency
2 No 1040 21.6 %
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

WKRACISM: R FEELS DISCRIMINATED BECAUSE OF RACE

Do you feel in any way discriminated against on your job because of your race or ethnic origin?

Frequency
1 Yes 80 1.7 %
2 No 1068 22.2 %
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

HEALTH1: RS HEALTH IN GENERAL

In general, would you say your health is excellent, very good, good, fair, or poor?
Notes: Remarks: Hand Card GE contains punches 1-5

Frequency

2 Very good 801 16.6 %
3 Good 907 18.8 %
- 470 -
Frequency
4 Fair 512 10.6 %

5 Poor 130 2.7 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 9 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

PHYSHLTH: DAYS OF POOR PHYSICAL HEALTH PAST 30 DAYS
Now thinking about your physical health, which includes

physical illness and injury, for how many days during the past 30 days
was your physical health not good?
DAYS:

Frequency
0 - 852 17.7 %
1 - 73 1.5 %
2 - 94 2.0 %
3 - 83 1.7 %
4 - 35 0.7 %
5 - 71 1.5 %
6 - 4 0.1 %
7 - 46 1.0 %
8 - 6 0.1 %
10 - 41 0.9 %
11 - 1 0.0 %
12 - 5 0.1 %
13 - 1 0.0 %
14 - 18 0.4 %
15 - 33 0.7 %
16 - 1 0.0 %
18 - 2 0.0 %
- 471 -
Frequency
20 - 24 0.5 %
21 - 3 0.1 %
22 - 1 0.0 %
25 - 10 0.2 %
28 - 1 0.0 %
29 - 1 0.0 %
30 - 134 2.8 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 7 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 4.92
• Median: 0.00
• Mode: 0.00
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 30.00

MNTLHLTH: DAYS OF POOR MENTAL HEALTH PAST 30 DAYS

Now thinking about your mental health, which includes stress, depression, and problems with emotions, for how many days during
the past 30 days was your mental health not good?

Frequency
0 - 518 10.7 %
1 - 88 1.8 %
2 - 132 2.7 %
3 - 67 1.4 %
4 - 38 0.8 %
5 - 88 1.8 %
6 - 8 0.2 %
7 - 21 0.4 %
8 - 5 0.1 %
9 - 1 0.0 %
10 - 46 1.0 %
12 - 10 0.2 %
- 472 -
Frequency
14 - 3 0.1 %
15 - 34 0.7 %
16 - 3 0.1 %
17 - 1 0.0 %
18 - 2 0.0 %
20 - 31 0.6 %
21 - 2 0.0 %
22 - 1 0.0 %
24 - 1 0.0 %
25 - 6 0.1 %
27 - 1 0.0 %
28 - 3 0.1 %
29 - 5 0.1 %
30 - 24 0.5 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 10 0.2 %
99 No answer 30 0.6 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 3.91
• Median: 1.00
• Mode: 0.00
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 30.00

GIVBLOOD: R DONATED BLOOD DURING THE PAST 12 MONTHS
During the past 12 months, how often have you done each of the
following things:
Donated blood?

Frequency
1 More than once a week 2 0.0 %

2 Once a week 3 0.1 %
- 473 -
Frequency

4 At least 2 or 3 times in the past year 59 1.2 %
5 Once in the past year 80 1.7 %
6 Not at all in the past year 1154 23.9 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 5 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 6.00

GIVHMLSS: R HAS GIVEN FOOD OR MONEY TO A HOMELESS PERSON
(During the past 12 months, how often have you done each of the
following things:)
Given food or money to a homeless person?

Frequency

Missing Data
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 6.00
- 474 -
RETCHNGE: R RETURNED MONEY AFTER GETTING TOO MUCH CHANGE
following things:)
Returned money to a cashier after getting too much change?

Frequency

Missing Data
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 6.00

CUTAHEAD: R ALLOWED A STRANGER TO GO AHEAD OF YOU IN LINE
following things:)
Allowed a stranger to go ahead of you in line?

Frequency

2 Once a week 106 2.2 %
- 475 -
Frequency

Missing Data
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 6.00

VOLCHRTY: R DONE VOLUNTEER WORK FOR A CHARITY
following things:)
Done volunteer work for a charity?

Frequency

Missing Data
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 6.00

- 476 -
GIVCHRTY: R HAS GIVEN MONEY TO A CHARITY
following things:)
Given money to a charity?

Frequency

Missing Data
9 No answer 7 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 6.00

GIVSEAT: R OFFERED SEAT TO A STRANGER DURING PAST 12 MONTHS
following things:)
Offered your seat on a bus or in a public place to a stranger who was

standing?

Frequency

- 477 -
Frequency
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 6.00

HELPAWAY: R LOOKED AFTER PLANT OR PET OF OTHERS WHILE AWAY
following things:)
Looked after a person's plants, mail, or pets while they were away?

Frequency

Missing Data
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 6.00

CARRIED: R CARRIED A STRANGER'S BELONGINGS
- 478 -
following things:)
Carried a stranger's belongings, like groceries, a suitcase, or

shopping bag?

Frequency

Missing Data
9 No answer 8 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 6.00

DIRECTNS: R HAS GIVEN DIRECTIONS TO A STRANGER
following things:)
Given directions to a stranger?

Frequency

Missing Data
- 479 -
Frequency

9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 6.00

LOANITEM: R HAS LET SOMEONE BORROW A ITEM OF SOME VALUE
following things:)
Let someone you didn't know well borrow a item of some value like
dishes or tools?
Notes: Remarks: Hand Card GK contained response options 1-5.

Frequency

Missing Data
9 No answer 8 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 6.00

SELFLESS: R FEELS LIKE A SELFLESS CARING FOR OTHERS
- 480 -
The following are things that you may experience in your daily
life. Please tell me how often these occur.
I feel a selfless caring for others.

Frequency
1 Many times a day 158 3.3 %

2 Every day 237 4.9 %
3 Most days 266 5.5 %
4 Some days 261 5.4 %
5 Once in a while 175 3.6 %
6 Never or almost never 169 3.5 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 30 0.6 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 6.00

ACCPTOTH: R ACCEPT OTHERS EVEN WHEN THEY DO THINGS WRONG
(The following are things that you may experience in your daily
life. Please tell me how often these occur.)
I accept others even when they do things I think are wrong.
Notes: Remarks: Hand Card GL contained response options 1-6.

Frequency
1 Many times a day 136 2.8 %

2 Every day 281 5.8 %
3 Most days 389 8.1 %
4 Some days 223 4.6 %
5 Once in a while 189 3.9 %
6 Never or almost never 76 1.6 %
Missing Data
- 481 -
Frequency

9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 6.00

OTHSHELP: PEOPLE SHOULD HELP LESS FORTUNATE OTHERS
Please tell me whether you strongly agree, agree, neither agree

nor disagree, disagree, or strongly disagree with the following
statements:
People should be willing to help others who are less fortunate.

Frequency

2 Agree 678 14.1 %
4 Disagree 15 0.3 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

CARESELF: THOSE IN NEED HAVE TO TAKE CARE OF THEMSELVES
(Please tell me whether you strongly agree, agree, neither

agree nor disagree, disagree, or strongly disagree with the following
statements:)
- 482 -
Those in need have to learn to take care of themselves and not depend
on others.

Frequency

2 Agree 521 10.8 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 10 0.2 %
9 No answer 7 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

PEOPTRBL: ASSISTING PEOPLE IN TROUBLE IS VERY IMPORTANT

statements:)
Personally assisting people in trouble is very important to me.

Frequency

2 Agree 748 15.5 %
4 Disagree 47 1.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 8 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 483 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

SELFFRST: PEOPLE NEED NOT OVERLY WORRY ABOUT OTHERS

statements:)
These days people need to look after themselves and not overly worry
about others.
Notes: Remarks: Hand Card GM contained response options 1-5.

Frequency

2 Agree 358 7.4 %
4 Disagree 521 10.8 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 9 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

VOLMONTH: VOLUNTEER IN LAST MONTH

In the past month, did you do any volunteer activity through organizations, that is donate your time and energy not for pay?

Frequency
1 Yes 449 9.3 %

2 No 847 17.6 %
Missing Data
- 484 -
Frequency

Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

YOUADULT: R CONSIDERS SELF AN ADULT OR NOT

When it comes to your present situation, would you consider yourself fully an adult, mostly an adult, partly an adult, or still not an
adult?

Frequency
1 Fully an adult 233 4.8 %

2 Mostly an adult 100 2.1 %
3 Partly an adult 38 0.8 %
4 Still not an adult 4 0.1 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

FININD: YOUNG SHOULD BE FINANCIALLY INDEPENDENT
People differ in their ideas about what it takes for a young

person to become an adult these days.
How important is it for them to be...
Financially independent from their parents/guardians?
- 485 -
Frequency
1 Extremely important 656 13.6 %

2 Quite important 554 11.5 %
3 Somewhat important 278 5.8 %
4 Not too important 47 1.0 %
5 Not at all important 8 0.2 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 3 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

FININD1: AGED SHOULD BE FINANCIALLY INDEPENDENT
By what age should this normally occur?
AGE:
Notes: Remarks: Hand Card GN contained response options 1-5.

Frequency
12 - 5 0.1 %
13 - 3 0.1 %
14 - 3 0.1 %
15 - 11 0.2 %
16 - 46 1.0 %
17 - 27 0.6 %
18 - 286 5.9 %
19 - 44 0.9 %
20 - 144 3.0 %
21 - 235 4.9 %
22 - 132 2.7 %
23 - 100 2.1 %
24 - 75 1.6 %
25 - 246 5.1 %
- 486 -
Frequency
26 - 24 0.5 %
27 - 8 0.2 %
28 - 12 0.2 %
29 - 1 0.0 %
30 - 25 0.5 %
35 - 2 0.0 %
40 - 2 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 51 1.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 21.35
• Median: 21.00
• Mode: 18.00
• Minimum: 12.00
• Maximum: 40.00

OWNHH: YOUNG SHOULD NOT LIVE WITH PARENTS
(People differ in their ideas about what it takes for a young

person to become an adult these days. How important is it for them to
be...)
No longer living in their parents' household?

Frequency

Missing Data
8 Don't know 10 0.2 %
9 No answer 3 0.1 %
- 487 -
Frequency
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

OWNHH1: AGED SHOULD STOP LIVING WITH PARENTS
AGE:

Frequency
14 - 1 0.0 %
16 - 5 0.1 %
17 - 12 0.2 %
18 - 216 4.5 %
19 - 48 1.0 %
20 - 151 3.1 %
21 - 247 5.1 %
22 - 141 2.9 %
23 - 99 2.1 %
24 - 76 1.6 %
25 - 186 3.9 %
26 - 27 0.6 %
27 - 9 0.2 %
28 - 4 0.1 %
30 - 15 0.3 %
35 - 1 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 31 0.6 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 21.57
- 488 -
• Median: 21.00
• Mode: 21.00
• Minimum: 14.00
• Maximum: 35.00

EDDONE: YOUNG SHOULD COMPLETE FORMAL SCHOOLING

be...)
Completed their formal schooling?

Frequency

Missing Data
8 Don't know 10 0.2 %
9 No answer 5 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

EDDONE1: AGED SHOULD COMPLETE FORMAL SCHOOLING
AGE:

Frequency
12 - 1 0.0 %
- 489 -
Frequency
14 - 1 0.0 %
15 - 5 0.1 %
16 - 9 0.2 %
17 - 27 0.6 %
18 - 272 5.6 %
19 - 31 0.6 %
20 - 40 0.8 %
21 - 138 2.9 %
22 - 250 5.2 %
23 - 125 2.6 %
24 - 156 3.2 %
25 - 228 4.7 %
26 - 38 0.8 %
27 - 11 0.2 %
28 - 13 0.3 %
30 - 31 0.6 %
35 - 1 0.0 %
40 - 3 0.1 %
50 - 1 0.0 %
65 - 1 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 67 1.4 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 22.11
• Median: 22.00
• Mode: 18.00
• Minimum: 12.00
• Maximum: 65.00

FTWORK: YOUNG SHOULD BE EMPLOYED FULL-TIME

be...)
- 490 -
To be employed full-time?

Frequency

Missing Data
8 Don't know 15 0.3 %
9 No answer 3 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

FTWORK1: AGED SHOULD BE EMPLOYED FULL-TIME
AGE:

Frequency
13 - 2 0.0 %
14 - 3 0.1 %
15 - 6 0.1 %
16 - 36 0.7 %
17 - 28 0.6 %
18 - 291 6.0 %
19 - 53 1.1 %
20 - 114 2.4 %
21 - 157 3.3 %
22 - 200 4.1 %
23 - 128 2.7 %
24 - 107 2.2 %
- 491 -
Frequency
25 - 217 4.5 %
26 - 28 0.6 %
27 - 5 0.1 %
28 - 7 0.1 %
29 - 2 0.0 %
30 - 18 0.4 %
35 - 2 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 48 1.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 21.44
• Median: 22.00
• Mode: 18.00
• Minimum: 13.00
• Maximum: 35.00

SUPFAM: YOUNG SHOULD BE ABLE TO SUPPORT FAMILY

be...)
Be capable of supporting a family financially?

Frequency

Missing Data
8 Don't know 23 0.5 %
9 No answer 4 0.1 %
- 492 -
Frequency
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

SUPFAM1: AGED SHOULD BE ABLE TO SUPPORT FAMILY
AGE:

Frequency
15 - 2 0.0 %
16 - 2 0.0 %
17 - 2 0.0 %
18 - 59 1.2 %
19 - 6 0.1 %
20 - 58 1.2 %
21 - 113 2.3 %
22 - 78 1.6 %
23 - 54 1.1 %
24 - 90 1.9 %
25 - 400 8.3 %
26 - 61 1.3 %
27 - 42 0.9 %
28 - 66 1.4 %
29 - 7 0.1 %
30 - 203 4.2 %
32 - 5 0.1 %
33 - 2 0.0 %
35 - 17 0.4 %
36 - 1 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 95 2.0 %
99 No answer 14 0.3 %
- 493 -
Frequency
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 24.95
• Median: 25.00
• Mode: 25.00
• Minimum: 15.00
• Maximum: 36.00

HAVCHLD: YOUNG SHOULD HAVE CHILD

be...)
Have a child?

Frequency

Missing Data
8 Don't know 46 1.0 %
9 No answer 7 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

HAVCHLD1: AGED SHOULD HAVE CHILD
- 494 -
AGE:

Frequency
13 - 1 0.0 %
15 - 1 0.0 %
18 - 17 0.4 %
19 - 3 0.1 %
20 - 26 0.5 %
21 - 40 0.8 %
22 - 31 0.6 %
23 - 24 0.5 %
24 - 33 0.7 %
25 - 151 3.1 %
26 - 37 0.8 %
27 - 31 0.6 %
28 - 56 1.2 %
29 - 8 0.2 %
30 - 116 2.4 %
31 - 3 0.1 %
32 - 8 0.2 %
33 - 2 0.0 %
35 - 17 0.4 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 34 0.7 %
99 No answer 11 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 25.85
• Median: 25.00
• Mode: 25.00
• Minimum: 13.00
• Maximum: 35.00

GETMAR: YOUNG SHOULD GET MARRIED
- 495 -
be...)
Get married?

Frequency

Missing Data
8 Don't know 35 0.7 %
9 No answer 7 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

GETMAR1: AGED SHOULD GET MARRIED
AGE:

Frequency
15 - 1 0.0 %
16 - 1 0.0 %
17 - 2 0.0 %
18 - 15 0.3 %
19 - 4 0.1 %
20 - 16 0.3 %
21 - 59 1.2 %
22 - 30 0.6 %
23 - 36 0.7 %
24 - 39 0.8 %
25 - 167 3.5 %
- 496 -
Frequency
26 - 38 0.8 %
27 - 32 0.7 %
28 - 43 0.9 %
29 - 7 0.1 %
30 - 102 2.1 %
31 - 2 0.0 %
32 - 4 0.1 %
33 - 2 0.0 %
34 - 1 0.0 %
35 - 21 0.4 %
40 - 4 0.1 %
60 - 1 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 37 0.8 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 25.73
• Median: 25.00
• Mode: 25.00
• Minimum: 15.00
• Maximum: 60.00

DIFSTAND: SOME PEOPLE HOLD STANDARD IN WORKPLACE THAT OTHERS DON'T
The next questions ask about your experiences at your current

place of employment. You'll be asked how often you have experienced
certain behaviors during the past 12 months. You will answer each
question by choosing one of the responses shown on this card.
Some people are held to standards in my workplace that others are not.

Frequency
1 Often 360 7.5 %

3 Rarely 164 3.4 %
- 497 -
Frequency
4 Never 188 3.9 %

Missing Data
8 Don't know 26 0.5 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

OTHCREDT: OTHER PEOPLE TAKE CREDIT FOR RS WORK OR IDEAS
(The next questions ask about your experiences at your current

question by choosing one of the responses shown on this card.)
Other people take credit for my work or ideas.

Frequency
1 Often 98 2.0 %
3 Rarely 324 6.7 %
4 Never 429 8.9 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 15 0.3 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

PUTDOWN: PEOPLE AT WORK TREAT R IN A MANNER PUTTING R DOWN
- 498 -
People at work treat me in a manner that puts me down or address me in

unprofessional terms, either publicly or privately.

Frequency
1 Often 38 0.8 %
3 Rarely 315 6.5 %
4 Never 645 13.4 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 14 0.3 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

LACKINFO: PEOPLE AT WORK FAIL TO GIVE R NECESSARY INFORMATION

People at work fail to give me information that is necessary for me to

do my job.

Frequency
1 Often 102 2.1 %

3 Rarely 305 6.3 %
4 Never 366 7.6 %
Missing Data
- 499 -
Frequency
8 Don't know 12 0.2 %

Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

ACTUPSET: PEOPLE AT WORK THROW THINGS WHEN UPSET WITH R

People at work throw things, slam doors, or hit objects when they are
upset with me.

Frequency
1 Often 17 0.4 %
3 Rarely 101 2.1 %
4 Never 966 20.0 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 12 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

SHOUT: PEOPLE AT WORK SHOUT AT R IN HOSTILE MANNER

- 500 -
People at work shout or yell at me in a hostile manner.

Frequency
1 Often 30 0.6 %
3 Rarely 189 3.9 %
4 Never 837 17.4 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 14 0.3 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

TREATRES: PEOPLE ARE TREATED WITH RESPECT

At work, people are treated with respect. (Would you say this is . . .)

Frequency

2 Agree 607 12.6 %
3 Disagree 91 1.9 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 14 0.3 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

- 501 -
LOOKAWAY: PEOPLE LOOK THE OTHER WAY WHEN OTHERS ARE THREATENED
In my workplace, people "look the other way" when others are threatened, intimidated, or put down.
Notes: Remarks: Hand Cards B1 contains punches 1-4. Hand Card B2 contains punches 1-4. Hand Card B3 contains punches 1-4.
Hand Card B5 contains punches 1-4.

Frequency

2 Agree 180 3.7 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 40 0.8 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

WKSTRESS: HOW OFTEN R FIND HER WORK STRESSFUL

How often do you find your work stressful?
Notes: Remarks: Hand Card B6 contains punches 1-5

Frequency
1 Always 118 2.4 %

2 Often 320 6.6 %
4 Hardly ever 162 3.4 %
5 Never 66 1.4 %
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00
- 502 -
NUMEMPS: NUMBER OF EMPLOYEE FOR THE SELF-EMPLOYED
Are/were you self-employed or do/did you work for someone else?
[If "Self-employed"] Do/did you have any employees?
[If "Yes"] How many employees do/did you have?
NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES:
Notes: Remarks: If respondents answered "Self-employed" to the first part but "No" to the second part, they did not receive the
third part of the question and the responses were coded to 0.

Frequency
0 - 336 7.0 %
1 - 33 0.7 %
2 - 26 0.5 %
3 - 18 0.4 %
4 - 11 0.2 %
5 - 10 0.2 %
6 - 9 0.2 %
7 - 4 0.1 %
8 - 7 0.1 %
9 - 4 0.1 %
10 - 11 0.2 %
12 - 6 0.1 %
13 - 1 0.0 %
14 - 2 0.0 %
15 - 5 0.1 %
18 - 2 0.0 %
20 - 3 0.1 %
22 - 1 0.0 %
23 - 2 0.0 %
24 - 1 0.0 %
25 - 1 0.0 %
28 - 2 0.0 %
29 - 1 0.0 %
30 - 5 0.1 %
35 - 1 0.0 %
38 - 1 0.0 %
45 - 1 0.0 %
- 503 -
Frequency
50 - 2 0.0 %
55 - 2 0.0 %
60 - 1 0.0 %
75 - 1 0.0 %
82 - 1 0.0 %
97 - 1 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 3.51
• Median: 0.00
• Mode: 0.00
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 97.00

IGNORWK: FEEL IGNORED AT WORK

I have felt ignored, excluded or isolated from others at work.

Frequency
1 Often 30 0.6 %
3 Rarely 262 5.4 %
4 Never 703 14.6 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 13 0.3 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 504 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

RUMORWK: RUMORS OR GOSSIP ABOUT R AT WORK

People at work have spread rumors or gossip about me.

Frequency
1 Often 31 0.6 %
3 Rarely 208 4.3 %
4 Never 777 16.1 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 29 0.6 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

JOKESWK: TARGET OF DEROGATORY COMMENTS OR JOKES AT WORK

I have been the target of derogatory comments or jokes at work.
- 505 -
Frequency
1 Often 30 0.6 %
3 Rarely 180 3.7 %
4 Never 821 17.0 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 22 0.5 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

EHARASWK: HARASSED ELECTRONICALLY AT WORK

I have received emails, text messages, mobile cell phone calls, or

other electronic, internet, or social network communications from
people at work that were harassing or threatening.

Frequency
1 Often 2 0.0 %
3 Rarely 37 0.8 %
4 Never 1079 22.4 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 13 0.3 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
- 506 -
• Maximum: 4.00

RUDEWK: TREATED RUDELY AT WORK

I have been treated in a rude or disrespectful manner at work.

Frequency
1 Often 35 0.7 %
3 Rarely 274 5.7 %
4 Never 718 14.9 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 11 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

LIEDCWKR: LIED TO AT WORK

I have been lied to by co-workers or supervisors.

Frequency
1 Often 34 0.7 %
- 507 -
Frequency
3 Rarely 243 5.0 %

4 Never 636 13.2 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 19 0.4 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

DENYRAIS: DENIED RAISE WITHOUT REASON AT WORK

I have been denied a raise or promotion without being given a valid

reason.

Frequency
1 Often 32 0.7 %
3 Rarely 105 2.2 %
4 Never 897 18.6 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 13 0.3 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

- 508 -
WKBHVRS: EMPLOYEE DOING THESE THINGS AT WORK TO R
In the past 12 months, the person who has engaged in these types of behaviors has most often been:

Frequency
1 A co-worker 324 6.7 %

2 Your supervisor or boss 175 3.6 %
3 A customer/client/patient 180 3.7 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 52 1.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

WKRSPNS: WHAT DID YOU TYPICALLY DO IN RESPONSE TO THESE BEHAVIORS?

What did you typically do in response to these behaviors?

Frequency
1 Did nothing (ignored it) 214 4.4 %

2 Talked to co-workers or other people at work 136 2.8 %
3 Talked to family or friends 59 1.2 %
4 Reported the incident to management or those higher up 109 2.3 %
5 Reported the incident to the union 6 0.1 %
6 Confronted the person (s) engaging in the behaviors 185 3.8 %
7 Filed a formal complaint or grievance about the behavior or experiences 9 0.2 %
8 Did not know what to do 14 0.3 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 15 0.3 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 8.00
- 509 -
NEWSFROM: MAIN SOURCE OF INFORMATION ABOUT EVENTS IN THE NEWS

We are interested in how people get information about events in the news. Where do you get most of your information about
current news events -- newspapers, magazines, the Internet, books or other printed materials, TV, radio, government agencies,
family, friends, colleagues, or some other source?

Frequency
1 Newspapers 301 6.2 %

2 Magazines 14 0.3 %
3 The Internet 708 14.7 %
4 Books, other printed material 14 0.3 %
5 TV 1000 20.7 %
6 Radio 137 2.8 %
7 Government agencies 2 0.0 %
8 Family 30 0.6 %
9 Friends, colleagues 36 0.7 %
10 Other 2 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 5 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 10.00

SCIFROM: MAIN SOURCE OF INFORMATION ABOUT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
We are also interested in how people get information about

science and technology. Where do you get most of your information
about science and technology (-- newspapers, magazines, the Internet,
books or other printed materials, TV, radio, government agencies,
family, friends, colleagues, or some other source)?
Added text: PROBE: Which source do you get most of your information
about science and technology from?
- 510 -
Frequency

5 TV 759 15.7 %
6 Radio 55 1.1 %
8 Family 35 0.7 %
10 Other 5 0.1 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 26 0.5 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 10.00

SEEKSCI: PROBABLE SOURCE OF INFORMATION ABOUT SCIENTIFIC ISSUES
If you wanted to learn about scientific issues such as global

warming or biotechnology, where would you get information (--
newspapers, magazines, the Internet, books or other printed materials,
TV, radio, government agencies, family, friends, colleagues, or some
other source)?
Added text: PROBE: What would be your main source of information?
Notes: Remarks: Library categories is created from Other (SPECIFY) in 2008.

Frequency
5 TV 411 8.5 %
6 Radio 27 0.6 %
- 511 -
Frequency

8 Family 22 0.5 %
10 Library 3 0.1 %
11 Other 2 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 45 0.9 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 11.00

NEXTGEN: SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY GIVE MORE OPPORTUNITIES TO NEXT GENERATION
I'm going to read to you some statements like those you might
find in a newspaper or magazine article. For each statement, please
tell me if you strongly agree, agree, disagree, or strongly disagree.
Because of science and technology, there will be more opportunities

for the next generation.
(Do you strongly agree, agree, disagree, or strongly disagree?)

Frequency

2 Agree 1366 28.3 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 63 1.3 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 512 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

TOOFAST: SCIENCE MAKES OUR WAY OF LIFE CHANGE TOO FAST
Science makes our way of life change too fast.

Frequency

2 Agree 730 15.1 %
3 Disagree 1153 23.9 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 64 1.3 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

ADVFRONT: SCIENCE RESEARCH IS NECESSARY AND SHOULD BE SUPPORTED BY

FEDERAL GOVERNMENT
Even if it brings no immediate benefits, scientific research

that advances the frontiers of knowledge is necessary and should be
supported by the federal government.

Frequency

2 Agree 1377 28.6 %
- 513 -
Frequency

Missing Data
8 Don't know 80 1.7 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

ASTROLGY: EVER READ A HOROSCOPE OR PERSONAL ASTROLOGY REPORT

Now, for a new subject. Do you ever read a horoscope or your personal astrology report?

Frequency
1 Yes 1125 23.3 %

2 No 1119 23.2 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 8 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

ASTROSCI: ASTROLOGY IS SCIENTIFIC

Would you say that astrology is very scientific, sort of scientific, or not at all scientific?

Frequency
1 Very scientific 232 4.8 %

2 Sort of scientific 695 14.4 %
3 Not at all scientific 1234 25.6 %
Missing Data
- 514 -
Frequency

8 Don't know 83 1.7 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

SCIBNFTS: BENEFITS OF SCIENCE RESEARCH OUTWEIGHT HARMFUL RESULTS

Now for another type of question. People have frequently noted that scientific research has produced benefits and harmful results.
Would you say that, on balance, the benefits of scientific research have outweighed the harmful results, or have the harmful results
of scientific research been greater than its benefits?

Frequency
1 Benefits greater 1621 33.6 %

2 About equal if volunteered 291 6.0 %
3 Harmful results greater 168 3.5 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 159 3.3 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

BALPOS: SCIENCE RESEARCH IS STRONGLY IN FAVOR OF BENEFITS

Would you say that the balance has been strongly in favor of the benefits, or only slightly?

Frequency
1 Strongly in favor 1138 23.6 %

2 Slightly in favor 453 9.4 %
Missing Data
- 515 -
Frequency

8 Don't know 28 0.6 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

BALNEG: SCIENCE RESEARCH IS STRONGLY IN FAVOR OF HARMFUL RESULTS

Would you say that the balance has been strongly in favor of the harmful results, or only slightly?

Frequency
1 Strongly in favor 43 0.9 %

2 Slightly in favor 124 2.6 %
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

SCISTUDY: R HAS CLEAR UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENTIFIC STUDY

Now, for a slightly different type of question. When you read news stories, you see certain sets of words and terms. We are
interested in how many people recognize certain kinds of terms. First, some articles refer to the results of a scientific study. When
you read or hear the term scientific study, do you have a clear understanding of what it means, a general sense of what it means,
or little understanding of what it means?

Frequency
1 Clear understanding 539 11.2 %

2 General sense 1203 25.0 %
3 Little understanding 466 9.7 %
Missing Data
- 516 -
Frequency

8 Don't know 36 0.7 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

SCITEXT: WHAT IT MEANS TO R TO STUDY SCIENFICALLY
In your own words, could you tell me what it means to study

something scientifically?
Added text: FI INSTRUCTION: IF R SAYS "DON'T KNOW" OR REFUSES, REPEAT

THE QUESTION.
Notes: Remarks: See Appendix D for information on recodes

Frequency
1 Formulation of theories test hypotheses 175 3.6 %

2 Do experiments control group 148 3.1 %
3 Rigorous systematic comparison 123 2.6 %
4 Measurement 141 2.9 %
5 Classification 584 12.1 %
6 Redundancies incorrect 406 8.4 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know uncodeable 138 2.9 %
9 No answer blank 39 0.8 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 6.00

EXPDESGN: BETTER WAY TO TEST DRUG BETWEEN CONTROL AND NON-CONTROL
- 517 -
Now, please think about this situation. Two scientists want to know if a certain drug is effective against high blood pressure. The
first scientist wants to give the drug to one thousand people with high blood pressure and see how many of them experience lower
blood pressure levels. The second scientist wants to give the drug to five hundred people with high blood pressure, and not give
the drug to another five hundred people with high blood pressure, and see how many in both groups experience lower blood
pressure levels. Which is the better way to test this drug?

Frequency
1 All 1000 get the drug 341 7.1 %

2 500 get the drug, 500 dont 1767 36.7 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 127 2.6 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

EXPTEXT: WHY IS IT BETTER TO TEST DRUG THIS WAY
Why is it better to test the drug this way?
Added text: FI INSTRUCTION: IF R SAYS "DON'T KNOW" OR REFUSES, REPEAT

THE QUESTION.
Notes: Remarks: See Appendix D for information on recodes

Frequency
1 Correct control group 410 8.5 %

2 Correct vague reason 352 7.3 %
3 Correct wrong reason 942 19.5 %
4 Correct don't know 61 1.3 %
5 Wrong reservations about control group 64 1.3 %
6 Wrong reservations about sample 143 3.0 %
7 Wrong other reason 121 2.5 %
8 Wrong don't know 13 0.3 %
9 No answer to closed ended question 21 0.4 %
Missing Data
98 Uncodeable 0 0.0 %
99 Blank 2 0.0 %
- 518 -
Frequency
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 9.00

ODDS1: TEST OF KNOWLEDGE ABOUT PROBABLITY1

Now, think about this situation. A doctor tells a couple that their genetic makeup means that they've got one in four chances of
having a child with an inherited illness. Does this mean that if their first child has the illness, the next three will not have the illness?

Frequency
1 Yes 235 4.9 %

2 No 1848 38.3 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 157 3.3 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

ODDS2: TEST OF KNOWLEDGE ABOUT PROBABLITY2

Does this mean that each of the couple's children will have the same risk of suffering from the illness?

Frequency
1 Yes 1628 33.8 %

2 No 461 9.6 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 152 3.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 519 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

HOTCORE: SCIENCE KNOWLEDGE: THE CENTER OF EARTH IS VERY HOT
Now, I would like to ask you a few short questions like those
you might see on a television game show. For each statement that I
read, please tell me if it is true or false. If you don't know or
aren't sure, just tell me so, and we will skip to the next question.
Remember true, false, or don't know.
First, the center of the Earth is very hot. Is that true or false?
Added text: FI INSTRUCTION: DO NOT PROBE "DON'T KNOW"

Frequency
1 True 1863 38.7 %

2 False 117 2.4 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 262 5.4 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

RADIOACT: SCIENCE KNOWLEDGE: ALL RADIOACTIVITY IS MAN-MADE
All radioactivity is man-made. (Is that true or false?)

Frequency
1 True 367 7.6 %

2 False 1621 33.6 %
- 520 -
Frequency
Missing Data
8 Don't know 256 5.3 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

BOYORGRL: SCIENCE KNOWLEDGE: FATHER GENE DECIDES SEX OF BABY
It is the father's gene that decides whether the baby is a boy

or a girl.
(Is that true or false?)

Frequency
1 True 1378 28.6 %

2 False 558 11.6 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 308 6.4 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

LASERS: SCIENCE KNOWLEDGE: LASERS WORK BY FOCUSING SOUND WAVES
Lasers work by focusing sound waves. (Is that true or false?)
- 521 -
Frequency
1 True 512 10.6 %

2 False 1056 21.9 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 673 14.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

ELECTRON: SCIENCE KNOWLEDGE: ELECTRONS ARE SMALLER THAN ATOMS
Electrons are smaller than atoms. (Is that true or false?)

Frequency
1 True 1180 24.5 %

2 False 473 9.8 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 589 12.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

VIRUSES: SCIENCE KNOWLEDGE: ANTIBIOTICS KILL VIRUSES AS WELL AS BACTERIA
Antibiotics kill viruses as well as bacteria. (Is that true or

false?)
- 522 -

Frequency
1 True 938 19.5 %

2 False 1173 24.3 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 134 2.8 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

BIGBANG: SCIENCE KNOWLEDGE: THE UNIVERSE BEGAN WITH A HUGE EXPLOSION
The universe began with a huge explosion. (Is that true or

false?)
Notes: Remarks: See BIGBANG1 as well.

Frequency
1 True 437 9.1 %

2 False 382 7.9 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 327 6.8 %
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

- 523 -
CONDRIFT: SCIENCE KNOWLEDGE: THE CONTINENTS HAVE BEEN MOVING
The continents on which we live have been moving their

locations for millions of years and will continue to move in the
future. (Is that true or false?)

Frequency
1 True 1849 38.4 %

2 False 162 3.4 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 233 4.8 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

EVOLVED: SCIENCE KNOWLEDGE: HUMAN BEINGS DEVELOPED FROM ANIMALS
Human beings, as we know them today, developed from earlier

species of animals. (Is that true or false?)
Notes: Remarks: See EVOLVED1 as well.

Frequency
1 True 537 11.1 %

2 False 465 9.6 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 140 2.9 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 524 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

EARTHSUN: SCIENCE KNOWLEDGE: THE EARTH GOES AROUND THE SUN
Now, we have another kind of question. Does the Earth go around

the Sun, or does the Sun go around the Earth?

Frequency
1 Earth around sun 1624 33.7 %

2 Sun around Earth 467 9.7 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 152 3.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

SOLARREV: SCIENCE KNOWLEDGE: HOW LONG THE EARTH GOES AROUND THE SUN
How long does it take for the Earth to go around the Sun: one
day, one month, or one year?

Frequency
1 One day 285 5.9 %

2 One month 32 0.7 %
3 One year 1203 25.0 %
4 Other time period if volunteered 2 0.0 %
Missing Data
- 525 -
Frequency
8 Don't know 102 2.1 %

Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

INTRHOME: INTERNET ACCESS IN R'S HOME

Now for a few items about you. Do you have access to the Internet in your home?

Frequency
1 Yes 1762 36.6 %

2 No 480 10.0 %
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

COLDEG1: THE HIGHEST DEGREE R HAVE EARNED

What is the highest degree you have earned?

Frequency
1 Associate's 163 3.4 %

2 Bachelor's 419 8.7 %
3 Master's 177 3.7 %
4 MBA 16 0.3 %
5 Law 18 0.4 %
6 PhD 29 0.6 %
7 MD 4 0.1 %
- 526 -
Frequency
8 Other 7 0.1 %
9 Unlabeled 1 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 9.00

MAJORCOL: THE FIELD OF DEGREE R EARNED
In what field was that degree?
FIELD:

Frequency
3 Agriculture 4 0.1 %
7 Art 13 0.3 %
8 Biology 19 0.4 %
19 English 14 0.3 %
- 527 -
Frequency
20 Finance 9 0.2 %
22 Forestry 2 0.0 %
24 Geology 2 0.0 %
25 History 18 0.4 %
29 Law 27 0.6 %
34 Medicine 8 0.2 %
35 Music 10 0.2 %
36 Nursing 44 0.9 %
38 Pharmacy 4 0.1 %
41 Physics 1 0.0 %
43 Political Science 20 0.4 %
44 Socology 13 0.3 %
46 Theater Arts 6 0.1 %
47 Theology 6 0.1 %
50 Other 7 0.1 %
51 General Aciences 14 0.3 %
55 Health 28 0.6 %
57 Child Development 3 0.1 %
- 528 -
Frequency
59 Environment Science/Studies 0 0.0 %

61 Human Services 5 0.1 %
62 Visual Arts/Graphic Design 6 0.1 %
67 TV, Film 1 0.0 %
68 Aviation, Aeronautics 1 0.0 %
69 Statistics 1 0.0 %
75 Dance 1 0.0 %
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 79.00

COLSCI: R HAS TAKEN ANY COLLEGE-LEVEL SCIENCE COURSE

Have you ever taken any college-level science courses?

Frequency
1 Yes 967 20.1 %

2 No 1272 26.4 %
- 529 -
Frequency
Missing Data
9 No answer 9 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

COLSCINM: NUMBER OF COLLEGE-LEVEL SCIENCE COURSES R HAVE TAKEN
How many college-level science courses have you taken?
NUMBER:

Frequency
1 - 176 3.7 %
2 - 191 4.0 %
3 - 134 2.8 %
4 - 107 2.2 %
5 - 62 1.3 %
6 - 47 1.0 %
7 - 9 0.2 %
8 - 26 0.5 %
9 - 3 0.1 %
10 - 43 0.9 %
12 - 26 0.5 %
13 - 1 0.0 %
14 - 1 0.0 %
15 - 20 0.4 %
16 - 5 0.1 %
18 - 3 0.1 %
20 - 28 0.6 %
22 - 1 0.0 %
24 - 3 0.1 %
25 - 7 0.1 %
- 530 -
Frequency
30 - 14 0.3 %
35 - 3 0.1 %
37 - 1 0.0 %
38 - 1 0.0 %
40 - 5 0.1 %
41 - 1 0.0 %
50 - 7 0.1 %
60 - 1 0.0 %
75 - 1 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 37 0.8 %
99 No answer 12 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 6.08
• Median: 3.00
• Mode: 2.00
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 75.00

HSMATH: THE HIGHEST LEVEL OF MATH R COMPLETED IN HIGH SCHOOL
Now, let me ask you to think about the courses you took in high
school. What was the highest level of math that you completed in high
school?
Added text: FI INSTRUCTION: DO NOT READ RESPONSE OPTIONS.

PROBE: What was the last math course you took in high school?

Frequency
0 No math in high school didn't go to high school 13 0.3 %

1 General math, business, or vocational math 281 5.8 %
2 Pre-Algebra 74 1.5 %
3 One year of Algebra 308 6.4 %
4 Two years of Algebra 384 8.0 %
5 Geometry Plane or Solid or Both 322 6.7 %
- 531 -
Frequency
6 Trigonometry, Linear Programming Analysis 211 4.4 %

7 Pre-Calculus 127 2.6 %
8 Calculus 229 4.8 %
9 Statistics, Probability 37 0.8 %
10 Other 7 0.1 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 76 1.6 %
99 No answer 10 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 10.00

HSBIO: R EVER TOOK A HIGH SCHOOL BIOLOGY COURSE

Did you take a high school biology course?

Frequency
1 Yes 1648 34.2 %

2 No 393 8.2 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 28 0.6 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

HSCHEM: R EVER TOOK A HIGH SCHOOL CHEMISTRY COURSE

Did you take a high school chemistry course?
- 532 -
Frequency
1 Yes 1093 22.7 %

2 No 945 19.6 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 31 0.6 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

HSPHYS: R EVER TOOK A HIGH SCHOOL PHYSICS COURSE

Did you take a high school physics course?

Frequency
1 Yes 651 13.5 %

2 No 1385 28.7 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 33 0.7 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

SOCSCI: HOW SCIENTIFIC: SOCIOLOGY
Please look at Card H3. How scientific are each of the

following fields? If you have not heard of a particular field, just
say you haven't heard of it.
Sociology. Is sociology very scientific, pretty scientific, not too

scientific, or not scientific at all?
- 533 -
Frequency

2 Pretty scientific 406 8.4 %
3 Not too scientific 372 7.7 %
4 Not scientific at all 95 2.0 %
5 Haven't heard of it (volunteered) 81 1.7 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 63 1.3 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

PHYSCSCI: HOW SCIENTIFIC: PHYSICS

Physics. (Is physics...)

Frequency

Missing Data
8 Don't know 43 0.9 %
9 No answer 9 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

HISTSCI: HOW SCIENTIFIC: HISTORY
- 534 -
History. (Is history...)

Frequency

Missing Data
8 Don't know 32 0.7 %
9 No answer 8 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

ACCNTSCI: HOW SCIENTIFIC: ACCOUNTING

Accounting. (Is accounting...)

Frequency

Missing Data
8 Don't know 78 1.6 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

- 535 -
BIOSCI: HOW SCIENTIFIC: BIOLOGY
Biology. (Is biology...)

Frequency

Missing Data
8 Don't know 34 0.7 %
9 No answer 7 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

ECONSCI: HOW SCIENTIFIC: ECONOMICS

Economics. (Is economics...)

Frequency

Missing Data
8 Don't know 54 1.1 %
9 No answer 8 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

- 536 -
MEDSCI: HOW SCIENTIFIC: MEDICINE

Medicine. (Is medicine...)

Frequency

Missing Data
8 Don't know 24 0.5 %
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

ENGNRSCI: HOW SCIENTIFIC: ENGINEERING

Engineering. (Is engineering...)
Notes: Remarks: Hand Card B20 contains responses 1-5.

Frequency

Missing Data
8 Don't know 38 0.8 %
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
- 537 -
• Maximum: 5.00

INTINTL: INTERESTED IN INTERNATIONAL ISSUES
There are a lot of issues in the news, and it is hard to keep

up with every area. I'm going to read you a short list of issues, and
for each one -- as I read it -- I would like you to tell me if you are
very interested, moderately interested, or not at all interested.
First...
International and foreign policy issues. Are you very interested,

moderately interested, or not at all interested?

Frequency
1 Very interested 493 10.2 %

2 Moderately interested 1035 21.5 %
3 Not at all interested 712 14.8 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 10 0.2 %
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

INTFARM: INTERESTED IN FARM ISSUES

Agricultural and farm issues. (Are you very interested, moderately interested, or not at all interested?)

Frequency

Missing Data
8 Don't know 10 0.2 %
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
- 538 -
Frequency
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

INTEDUC: INTERESTED IN LOCAL SCHOOL ISSUES

Local school issues. (Are you very interested, moderately interested, or not at all interested?)

Frequency

Missing Data
9 No answer 7 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

INTSCI: INTERESTED IN NEW SCIENTIFIC DISCOVERIES

Issues about new scientific discoveries. (Are you very interested, moderately interested, or not at all interested?)

Frequency

Missing Data
8 Don't know 12 0.2 %
9 No answer 7 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 539 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

INTECON: INTERESTED IN ECONOMIC ISSUES

Economic issues and business conditions. (Are you very interested, moderately interested, or not at all interested?)

Frequency

Missing Data
8 Don't know 15 0.3 %
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

INTTECH: INTERESTED IN TECHNOLOGIES

Issues about the use of new inventions and technologies. (Are you very interested, moderately interested, or not at all interested?)

Frequency

Missing Data
8 Don't know 14 0.3 %
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 540 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

INTMED: INTERESTED IN MEDICAL DISCOVERIES

Issues about new medical discoveries. (Are you very interested, moderately interested, or not at all interested?)

Frequency

Missing Data
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

INTSPACE: INTERESTED IN SPACE EXPLORATION

Issues about space exploration. (Are you very interested, moderately interested, or not at all interested?)

Frequency

Missing Data
8 Don't know 15 0.3 %
9 No answer 7 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00
- 541 -
INTENVIR: INTERESTED IN ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES

Issues about environmental pollution. (Are you very interested, moderately interested, or not at all interested?)

Frequency

Missing Data
8 Don't know 10 0.2 %
9 No answer 7 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

INTMIL: INTERESTED IN MILITARY POLICY

Issues about military and defense policy. (Are you very interested, moderately interested, or not at all interested?)

Frequency

Missing Data
8 Don't know 11 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

- 542 -
SCINEWS1: NEWSPAPER PRINTED OR ONLINE
You said you get most of your information about science and
technology from newspapers.
Would that be printed newspapers or online newspapers?
Added text: FI INSTRUCTION: ONLY IF RESPONDENT VOLUNTEERS ANOTHER FORM

OTHER THAN PRINTED OR ONLINE, SPECIFY WHICH.

Frequency
1 Printed newspapers 128 2.7 %

2 Online newspapers 20 0.4 %
3 Other specify 7 0.1 %
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

SCINEWS2: MAGAZINE PRINTED OR ONLINE
technology from magazines.
Would that be printed magazines or online magazines?
Added text: FI INSTRUCTION: ONLY IF RESPONDENT VOLUNTEERS ANOTHER FORM

OTHER THAN PRINTED OR ONLINE, SPECIFY WHICH.

Frequency
1 Printed magazines 148 3.1 %

2 Online magazines 20 0.4 %
3 Other specify 12 0.2 %
Missing Data
- 543 -
Frequency
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

SCINEWS3: WHERE ONLINE GET INFORMATION
technology from the Internet.
What is the place where you are most likely to go on the internet for
science and technology information -- online newspapers, online
magazines, or some other place on the Internet?
Added text: FI INSTRUCTION: IF R GIVES MORE THAN ONE PLACE OR SAYS "IT
DEPENDS," PROBE ONCE: Which site are you most likely to go to on the
internet for science and technology information?

Frequency
1 Online newspapers 549 11.4 %

2 Online magazines 110 2.3 %
3 Science site 79 1.6 %
4 News site 42 0.9 %
5 Electronic books & reports 77 1.6 %
6 Some other place on the Internet 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 19 0.4 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

- 544 -
SCIENTDA: HAPPY IF DAUGHTER SCIENTIST
Now I'd like you to consider the following situations.
If you had a daughter, how would you feel if she wanted to be a

scientist - would you feel happy, unhappy, or would you not care one
way or the other?

Frequency
1 Happy 948 19.7 %

2 Not care 187 3.9 %
3 Unhappy 11 0.2 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 4 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

SCIENTSN: HAPPY IF SON SCIENTIST

If you had a son, how would you feel if he wanted to be a scientist-would you feel happy, unhappy, or would you not care one way
or the other?

Frequency
1 Happy 948 19.7 %

2 Not care 186 3.9 %
3 Unhappy 9 0.2 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 5 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00
- 545 -
SCIENTR: CONSIDER CAREER IN SCIENCE

Have you ever considered working in a science-related career?

Frequency
1 Yes 397 8.2 %

2 No 748 15.5 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 4 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

SCIENTDO: KNOW WHAT SCIENTISTS DO

Next, I'd like to ask how you rate your knowledge of what scientists do day-to-day in their jobs. Would you say your knowledge of
what scientists do day-to-day on their jobs is Excellent, Good, Fair, Poor, Very Poor?

Frequency

2 Good 288 6.0 %
3 Fair 378 7.8 %
4 Poor 253 5.2 %
5 Very poor 93 1.9 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 18 0.4 %
9 No answer 4 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00
- 546 -
SCIENTAL: SCIENTISTS USUALLY WORK ALONE
Now I'd like to read you some statements about scientists.

Please tell me if you agree or disagree with each one. If you feel
especially strongly about a statement, please say that you strongly
agree or strongly disagree. Okay?
A scientist usually works alone.
Do you strongly agree, agree, disagree, or strongly disagree?

Frequency

2 Agree 209 4.3 %
3 Disagree 720 14.9 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 72 1.5 %
9 No answer 5 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

SCIENTDN: SCIENTIFIC WORK DANGEROUS
Scientific work is dangerous.

Frequency

2 Agree 507 10.5 %
Missing Data
- 547 -
Frequency

8 Don't know 62 1.3 %
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

SCIENTGO: SCIENTISTS WORK FOR GOOD OF HUMANITY
Scientific researchers are dedicated people who work for the

good of humanity.

Frequency

2 Agree 789 16.4 %
3 Disagree 81 1.7 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 43 0.9 %
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

SCIENTFU: SCIENTISTS DON'T HAVE FUN
Scientists don't get as much fun out of life as other people

do.
- 548 -

Frequency

2 Agree 199 4.1 %
3 Disagree 689 14.3 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 116 2.4 %
9 No answer 4 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

SCIENTHE: SCIENTISTS HELP SOLVE PROBLEMS
Scientists are helping to solve challenging problems.

Frequency

2 Agree 848 17.6 %
3 Disagree 15 0.3 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 24 0.5 %
9 No answer 4 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

- 549 -
SCIENTOD: SCIENTISTS ODD AND PECULIAR
Scientists are apt to be odd and peculiar people.

Frequency

2 Agree 358 7.4 %
3 Disagree 596 12.4 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 73 1.5 %
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

SCIENTBE: SCIENTISTS WANT TO MAKE LIFE BETTER FOR AVERAGE PERSON
Most scientists want to work on things that will make life

better for the average person.

Frequency

2 Agree 850 17.6 %
3 Disagree 81 1.7 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 46 1.0 %
9 No answer 5 0.1 %
- 550 -
Frequency
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

SCIENTRE: SCIENTISTS NOT RELIGIOUS
Scientists are not likely to be very religious people.

Frequency

2 Agree 337 7.0 %
3 Disagree 547 11.3 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 152 3.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

SCIENTWK: SCIENTISTS ONLY INTERESTED IN WORK
Scientists have few other interests but their work.

Frequency
- 551 -
Frequency
2 Agree 298 6.2 %

3 Disagree 637 13.2 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 125 2.6 %
9 No answer 5 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

SCIENTMO: SCIENTISTS EARN LESS
Scientists earn less than other people with equally demanding

jobs.

Frequency

2 Agree 190 3.9 %
3 Disagree 671 13.9 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 209 4.3 %
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

- 552 -
SCIENTBR: BEING A SCIENTIST BORING
A job as a scientist would be boring.

Frequency

2 Agree 166 3.4 %
3 Disagree 774 16.1 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 58 1.2 %
9 No answer 4 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

ENGDA: HAPPY IF DAUGHTER ENGINEER
Now I'd like you to consider the following situations.
If you had a daughter, how would you feel if she wanted to be an

engineer - would you feel happy, unhappy, or would you not care one
way or the other?

Frequency
1 Happy 918 19.0 %

2 Not care 172 3.6 %
3 Unhappy 5 0.1 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 553 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

ENGSON: HAPPY IF SON ENGINEER

If you had a son, how would you feel if he wanted to be an engineer - would you feel happy, unhappy, or would you not care one
way or the other?

Frequency
1 Happy 937 19.4 %

2 Not care 158 3.3 %
3 Unhappy 2 0.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

ENGRESP: CONSIDER WORK IN ENGINEER FIELD

Have you ever considered working in an engineering-related career?

Frequency
1 Yes 281 5.8 %

2 No 817 17.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 5 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
- 554 -
• Maximum: 2.00

ENGDO: KNOW WHAT ENGINEERS DO

Next, I'd like to ask how you rate your knowledge of what engineers do day-to-day in their jobs. Would you say your knowledge of
what engineers do day-to-day on their jobs is Excellent, Good, Fair, Poor, Very Poor?

Frequency

2 Good 317 6.6 %
3 Fair 355 7.4 %
4 Poor 182 3.8 %
5 Very poor 92 1.9 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 20 0.4 %
9 No answer 5 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

ENGLONE: ENGINEERS USUALLY WORK ALONE
Now I'd like to read you some statements about engineers.

Please tell me if you agree or disagree with each one. If you feel
especially strongly about a statement, please say that you strongly
agree or strongly disagree. Okay?
An engineer usually works alone.

Frequency

2 Agree 216 4.5 %
3 Disagree 627 13.0 %
- 555 -
Frequency
Missing Data
8 Don't know 103 2.1 %
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

ENGDGR: ENGINEERING WORK DANGEROUS
Engineering work is dangerous.

Frequency

2 Agree 346 7.2 %
3 Disagree 537 11.1 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 101 2.1 %
9 No answer 5 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

ENGGOOD: ENGINEERS WORK FOR GOOD OF HUMANITY
Engineering researchers are dedicated people who work for the

good of humanity.
- 556 -

Frequency

2 Agree 750 15.6 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 101 2.1 %
9 No answer 7 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

ENGFUN: ENGINEERS DON'T HAVE FUN
Engineers don't get as much fun out of life as other people do.

Frequency

2 Agree 152 3.2 %
3 Disagree 663 13.8 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 137 2.8 %
9 No answer 7 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

- 557 -
ENGPROB: ENGINEERS HELP SOLVE PROBLEMS
Engineers are helping to solve challenging problems.

Frequency

2 Agree 788 16.3 %
3 Disagree 31 0.6 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 61 1.3 %
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

ENGODD: ENGINEERS ODD AND PECULIAR
Engineers are apt to be odd and peculiar people.

Frequency

2 Agree 255 5.3 %
3 Disagree 608 12.6 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 107 2.2 %
9 No answer 8 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 558 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

ENGBTR: ENGINEERS WANT TO MAKE LIFE BETTER FOR AVERAGE PERSON
Most engineers want to work on things that will make life

better for the average person.

Frequency

2 Agree 820 17.0 %
3 Disagree 73 1.5 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 74 1.5 %
9 No answer 5 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

ENGREL: ENGINEERS NOT RELIGIOUS
Engineers are not likely to be very religious people.

Frequency

2 Agree 149 3.1 %
3 Disagree 639 13.3 %
- 559 -
Frequency
Missing Data
8 Don't know 227 4.7 %
9 No answer 8 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

ENGINT: ENGINEERS ONLY INTERESTED IN WORK
Engineers have few other interests but their work.

Frequency

2 Agree 157 3.3 %
3 Disagree 693 14.4 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 150 3.1 %
9 No answer 7 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

ENGEARN: ENGINEERS EARN LESS
Engineers earn less than other people with equally demanding

jobs.
- 560 -

Frequency

2 Agree 94 2.0 %
3 Disagree 749 15.5 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 156 3.2 %
9 No answer 8 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

ENGBRNG: BEING ENGINEER BORING
A job as an engineer would be boring.

Frequency

2 Agree 125 2.6 %
3 Disagree 750 15.6 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 112 2.3 %
9 No answer 7 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

- 561 -
FARMING: HOW SCIENTIFIC IS FARMING
Please look at Card H3. How scientific is each of the following

work activities?
Farming. Is farming very scientific, pretty scientific, not too

scientific, or not scientific at all?

Frequency

Missing Data
8 Don't know 13 0.3 %
9 No answer 4 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

JOURNLSM: HOW SCIENTIFIC IS JOURNALISM

Journalism. (Is journalism...?)

Frequency

Missing Data
8 Don't know 37 0.8 %
9 No answer 4 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 562 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

FIREFTNG: HOW SCIENTIFIC IS FIREFIGHTING

Firefighting. (Is firefighting...?)

Frequency

Missing Data
8 Don't know 21 0.4 %
9 No answer 5 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

MARRCOUN: HOW SCIENTIFIC IS MARRIAGE COUNSELING

Marriage counseling. (Is marriage counseling...?)

Frequency

Missing Data
8 Don't know 33 0.7 %
9 No answer 5 0.1 %
- 563 -
Frequency
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

MEDTREAT: HOW SCIENTIFIC IS MEDICAL TREATMENT

Medical treatment. (Is medical treatment...?)

Frequency

Missing Data
8 Don't know 11 0.2 %
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

ARCHITCT: HOW SCIENTIFIC IS ARCHITECTURE

Architecture. (Is architecture...?)

Frequency

Missing Data
- 564 -
Frequency

8 Don't know 29 0.6 %
9 No answer 5 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

LAWENFRC: HOW SCIENTIFIC IS LAW ENFORCEMENT

Law Enforcement. (Is law enforcement...?)

Frequency

Missing Data
8 Don't know 22 0.5 %
9 No answer 5 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

ENGNRING: HOW SCIENTIFIC IS ENGINEERING

Engineering. (Is engineering...?)

Frequency

- 565 -
Frequency

Missing Data
8 Don't know 19 0.4 %
9 No answer 5 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

SLSMNSHP: HOW SCIENTIFIC IS SALESMANSHIP

Salesmanship. (Is salesmanship...?)

Frequency

Missing Data
8 Don't know 24 0.5 %
9 No answer 5 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

CMPRGMNG: HOW SCIENTIFIC IS COMPUTER PROGRAMMING

Computer programming. (Is computer programming...?)
- 566 -
Frequency

Missing Data
8 Don't know 28 0.6 %
9 No answer 5 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

FINLCOUN: HOW SCIENTIFIC IS FINANCIAL COUNSELING

Financial counseling. (Is financial counseling...?)

Frequency

Missing Data
8 Don't know 25 0.5 %
9 No answer 5 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

BIGBANG1: UNIVERSE BEGAN WITH A BIG EXPLOSION: TRUE OR FALSE
- 567 -
According to astronomers, the universe began with a huge
explosion. (Is that true or false?)
Notes: Remarks: See BIGBANG as well.

Frequency
1 True 659 13.7 %

2 False 219 4.5 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 218 4.5 %
9 No answer 8 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

EVOLVED1: HUMANS DEVELOPED FROM EARLIER SPECIES: TRUE OR FALSE
According to the theory of evolution, human beings, as we know

them today, developed from earlier species of animals. (Is that true
or false?)
Notes: Remarks: See EVOLVED as well.

Frequency
1 True 783 16.2 %

2 False 223 4.6 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 88 1.8 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
- 568 -
• Maximum: 2.00

SPJOTH16: R'S SPOUSE RAISED JEWISH

Was your (husband/wife) raised Jewish?

Frequency
1 Yes 4 0.1 %
2 Half/part 0 0.0 %
3 No 5 0.1 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

MAJWOTH: R'S MOM WAS JEWISH WHEN R WAS GROWING UP

Was your mother Jewish in any way when you were growing up?

Frequency
1 Yes 2 0.0 %
2 Half/part 0 0.0 %
3 No 2 0.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00
- 569 -
PAJWOTH: R'S DAD WAS JEWISH WHEN R WAS GROWING UP

Was your father Jewish in any way when you were growing up?

Frequency
1 Yes 2 0.0 %
2 Half/part 0 0.0 %
3 No 8 0.2 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

BMITZVAH: R HAD BAR OR BAT MITZVAH WHEN R WAS A CHILD

Did you have a (bar/bat) mitzvah when you were a child?

Frequency
1 Yes 24 0.5 %
2 No 32 0.7 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

- 570 -
SYNMEM: R BELONGS TO A SYNAGOGUE, TEMPLE, MINYAN, OR HIGH HOLIDAY
CONGREGATION
Do you or does someone in your household belong to a synagogue, temple, minyan, or high holiday congregation?

Frequency
1 Yes 35 0.7 %
2 No 55 1.1 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

KD1RELIG: RELIGION OF R'S CHILD 1

In what religion is (CHILD'S NAME) being raised? Is it Protestant, Catholic, Jewish, some other religion, or no religion?
Notes: Remarks: In 2012, KD1RELIG-KD14RELIG were asked if RELIG=3, or OTHJEW= 1 or 2, or SPREL=3, or SPOTHJEW=1
or 2, and if the respondent said he/she was currently living in the household under the age of 18.

Frequency
2 Catholic 0 0.0 %
3 Jewish 19 0.4 %
4 None 9 0.2 %
5 Other 2 0.0 %
6 Buddhism 0 0.0 %
7 Hinduism 0 0.0 %
9 Muslim/Islam 0 0.0 %
13 Inter-/Non-denominational 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
- 571 -
Frequency
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00



Frequency
2 Catholic 0 0.0 %
3 Jewish 14 0.3 %
4 None 4 0.1 %
5 Other 0 0.0 %
6 Buddhism 0 0.0 %
7 Hinduism 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 3.00
• Maximum: 4.00

- 572 -

Frequency
2 Catholic 0 0.0 %
3 Jewish 4 0.1 %
4 None 0 0.0 %
5 Other 1 0.0 %
6 Buddhism 0 0.0 %
7 Hinduism 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 3.00
• Maximum: 5.00



Frequency
2 Catholic 0 0.0 %
3 Jewish 2 0.0 %
4 None 0 0.0 %
- 573 -
Frequency
5 Other 0 0.0 %
6 Buddhism 0 0.0 %
7 Hinduism 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 3.00
• Maximum: 3.00



Frequency
2 Catholic 0 0.0 %
3 Jewish 0 0.0 %
4 None 0 0.0 %
5 Other 0 0.0 %
6 Buddhism 0 0.0 %
7 Hinduism 0 0.0 %
- 574 -
Frequency
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%



Frequency
2 Catholic 0 0.0 %
3 Jewish 0 0.0 %
4 None 0 0.0 %
5 Other 0 0.0 %
6 Buddhism 0 0.0 %
7 Hinduism 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%

- 575 -
Notes: Remarks: In 2012, KD1RELIG-KD8RELIG were asked if RELIG=3, or OTHJEW=1 or 2, or SPREL=3, or SPOTHJEW=1 or
2, and if the respondent said he/she was currently living in the household under the age of 18.

Frequency
2 Catholic 0 0.0 %
3 Jewish 0 0.0 %
4 None 0 0.0 %
5 Other 0 0.0 %
6 Buddhism 0 0.0 %
7 Hinduism 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%


Notes: Remarks: In 2012, KD1RELIG-KD8RELIG were asked if RELIG=3, or OTHJEW=1 or 2, or SPREL=3, or SPOTHJEW=1 or
2, and if the respondent said he/she was currently living in the household under the age of 18.

Frequency
2 Catholic 0 0.0 %
3 Jewish 0 0.0 %
4 None 0 0.0 %
5 Other 0 0.0 %
6 Buddhism 0 0.0 %
- 576 -
Frequency
7 Hinduism 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%

KD1JWOTH: R'S CHILD 1 CONSIDERED JEWISH

Is (CHILD'S NAME) considered Jewish for any reason?

Frequency
1 Yes 2 0.0 %
2 Half/part 2 0.0 %
3 No 5 0.1 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00


- 577 -
Frequency
1 Yes 0 0.0 %
2 Half/part 0 0.0 %
3 No 4 0.1 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 3.00
• Maximum: 3.00



Frequency
1 Yes 0 0.0 %
2 Half/part 0 0.0 %
3 No 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%



Frequency
1 Yes 0 0.0 %
2 Half/part 0 0.0 %
3 No 0 0.0 %
- 578 -
Frequency
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%



Frequency
1 Yes 0 0.0 %
2 Half/part 0 0.0 %
3 No 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%

SEXSEX18: SINCE AGE 18, HAVE YOUR SEX PARTNERS BEEN?

Since the age of 18, have your sex partners been:

Frequency
1 Only men 2211 45.9 %

2 Some women, but mostly men 120 2.5 %
3 Equally men and women 18 0.4 %
4 Some men, but mostly women 46 1.0 %
5 Only women 1769 36.7 %
6 I have not had any sex partners 127 2.6 %
Missing Data
- 579 -
Frequency

Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 6.00

TOLDWORK: HOW MANY OF R'S COWORKERS KNOW R IS GAY/LESBIAN/BISEXUAL

Some people are very open about their sexual orientation while others are not. About how many of your coworkers know that you
(are gay[IF MALE]/are lesbian[IF FEMALE]/are bisexual/have sex with men[IF MALE]/have sex with women[IF FEMALE]):

Frequency
1 All of my coworkers 34 0.7 %

2 More than half 16 0.3 %
3 About half 10 0.2 %
4 Less than half 31 0.6 %
5 None of them 82 1.7 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 7 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

EVLOSEJB: IN LIFE, R HAS EVER BEEN DENIED A JOB OR FIRED CUZ EMPLOYERS
BELIEVED R WAS GAY/LESBIAN/BISEXUAL
Have you ever in your life been denied a job or been fired from a job because an employer believed you were gay, lesbian, or
bisexual?

Frequency
1 Yes 19 0.4 %
- 580 -
Frequency
2 No 280 5.8 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 102 2.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

LOSEJOB5: IN LAST 5 YRS, R HAS BEEN DENIED A JOB OR FIRED CUZ EMPLOYER
BELIEVED R WAS GAY/LESBIAN/BISEXUAL
In the last five years, have you been denied a job or been fired from a job because an employer believed you were gay, lesbian, or
bisexual?

Frequency
1 Yes 11 0.2 %
2 No 7 0.1 %
3 Not employed in last 5 years 2 0.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 102 2.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

EVNEGJOB: IN LIFE, R EVER BEEN DENIED PROMOTION OR RECEIVED BAD EVALUATION

CUZ EMPLOYER BELIEVED R WAS GAY/LESBIAN/BISEXUAL
Have you ever in your life been denied a promotion or received a negative job evaluation because an employer believed you were
gay, lesbian, or bisexual?
- 581 -
Frequency
1 Yes 19 0.4 %
2 No 280 5.8 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 102 2.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

NEGJOB5: IN LAST 5 YRS, R BEEN DENIED PROMOTION OR RECEIVED BAD EVALUATION

CUZ EMPLOYER BELIEVED R WAS GAY/LESBIAN/BISEXUAL
In the last five years, have you been denied a promotion or received a negative job evaluation because an employer believed you
were gay, lesbian, or bisexual?

Frequency
1 Yes 10 0.2 %
2 No 6 0.1 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 105 2.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

EVHARJB: IN LIFE, R HAS EVER BEEN HARRASSED ON JOB CUZ R WAS BELIEVED TO BE
GAY/LESBIAN/BISEXUAL
Have you ever in your life been harassed verbally or in writing on the job by a co-worker, supervisor, or boss because you were
believed to be gay, lesbian, or bisexual?
- 582 -
Frequency
1 Yes 51 1.1 %
2 No 249 5.2 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 101 2.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

HARJOB5: IN LAST 5 YRS, R HAS EVER BEEN HARRASSED ON JOB CUZ R WAS BELIEVED
TO BE GAY/LESBIAN/BISEXUAL
In the last five years, have you been harassed verbally or in writing on the job by a co-worker, supervisor, or boss because you
were believed to be gay, lesbian, or bisexual?

Frequency
1 Yes 26 0.5 %
2 No 22 0.5 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 101 2.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

EVDWELL: IN LIFE, R HAS EVER BEEN PREVENTED FROM MOVING CUZ LANDLORD
BELIVED R WAS GAY/LESBIAN/BISEXUAL
Have you ever in your life been prevented from buying or moving into a house or apartment or been forced to move because a
landlord or realtor believed you were gay, lesbian, or bisexual?
- 583 -
Frequency
1 Yes 12 0.2 %
2 No 287 6.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 102 2.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

DWELL5: IN LAST 5 YRS, R HAS BEEN PREVENTED FROM MOVING CUZ LANDLORD
BELIVED R WAS GAY/LESBIAN/BISEXUAL
In the last five years, have you been forced to move or prevented from buying or moving into a house or apartment because a
landlord or realtor believed you were gay, lesbian, or bisexual?

Frequency
1 Yes 4 0.1 %
2 No 9 0.2 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 102 2.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

RDSCRPT: READ SCRIPTURE OUTSIDE OF SERVICES
We are interested in whether or not people read the Bible,

Torah, or other religious scriptures such as the Koran or any others,
in addition to the reading that often happens in worship services.
Within the last year, have you read the Bible, Torah, Koran, or other
- 584 -
religious scriptures, not counting any reading that happened during a
worship service?

Frequency
1 Yes 787 16.3 %

2 No 764 15.9 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

RDSCMOST: WHICH SCRIPTURE READ MOST
In the past year, which scripture have you read most often, the
Bible, Torah, Koran, or some other scripture?
Added text: PRONOUNCE "READ" LIKE "RED."

Frequency
1 Bible 738 15.3 %

2 Torah 5 0.1 %
3 Koran 7 0.1 %
6 Buddhist 3 0.1 %
7 Book of Mormon 5 0.1 %
8 Tao Te Ching 4 0.1 %
9 Wiccan Bible 2 0.0 %
10 Apocrypha 2 0.0 %
11 Gita 1 0.0 %
12 Scientology 1 0.0 %
19 Other 13 0.3 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
- 585 -
Frequency
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 19.00

RDSCINT: READ SCRIPTURE ON THE INTERNET

In the past year, have you read the [Bible, Torah, Koran, or other religious scriptures] on the internet?

Frequency
1 Yes 242 5.0 %

2 No 539 11.2 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

RDSCEDEV: READ SCRIPTURE ON E-DEVICE

In the past year, have you read the [Bible, Torah, Koran, or other religious scriptures] on an e-device such as iPad, Kindle, phone
app, etc.?

Frequency
1 Yes 162 3.4 %

2 No 619 12.8 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 586 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

RDSCMEM: MEMORIZE SCRIPTURE INTENTIONALLY

In the past year, have you made an intentional effort to commit any parts of [the Bible, Torah, Koran, or other religious scriptures] to
memory?

Frequency
1 Yes 365 7.6 %

2 No 415 8.6 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

RDSCLRN: READ SCRIPTURE TO LEARN ABOUT RELIGION
The [Bible, Torah, Koran, or other religious scriptures] is used in

many ways. In the pastyear, to what extent have you used the [Bible,
Torah, Koran, or other religious scriptures] in thefollowing ways?
Please use a scale of 1-5 with (1) being "not at all",(2) being "to a
small extent", (3) being "to a moderate extent", (4)being "to a
considerable extent", and (5) being "to a great extent."
In the past year, to what extent did you read [the Bible, Torah, Koran,
or other religious scriptures] to
learn about your religion?

Frequency
1 Not at all 123 2.6 %

2 To a small extent 177 3.7 %
3 To a moderate extent 199 4.1 %
- 587 -
Frequency
4 To a considerable extent 133 2.8 %

5 To a great extent 146 3.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

RDSCPER: READ SCRIPTURE AS A MATTER OF PERSONAL PRAYER AND DEVOTION

(In the past year,) To what extent did you read [the Bible, Torah, Koran, or other religious scriptures] as a matter of personal prayer
and devotion?

Frequency
1 Not at all 72 1.5 %

Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

RDSCTCH: READ SCRIPTURE TO PREPARE TO TEACH OR PARTICIPATE IN STUDY GROUP

(In the past year,) To what extent did you read [the Bible, Torah, Koran, or other religious scriptures] to prepare to teach or
participate in a study group?
- 588 -
Frequency
1 Not at all 378 7.8 %

Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

RDSCDEC: READ SCRIPTURE TO MAKE DECISIONS ABOUT PERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS

In the past year,) To what extent did you read [the Bible, Torah, Koran, or other religious scriptures] to make decisions about your
relationship with your spouse, parents, children or friends?

Frequency
1 Not at all 277 5.7 %

Missing Data
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

- 589 -
RDSCWLTH: READ SCRIPTURE TO LEARN ABOUT ATTAINING WEALTH/PROSPERITY
(In the past year,) To what extent did you read [the Bible, Torah, Koran, or other religious scriptures] to learn about attaining wealth
or prosperity?

Frequency
1 Not at all 495 10.3 %

Missing Data
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

RDSCHLTH: READ SCRIPTURE TO LEARN ABOUT ATTAINING HEALTH/HEALING

(In the past year,) To what extent did you read [the Bible, Torah, Koran, or other religious scriptures] to learn about attaining health
or healing?

Frequency
1 Not at all 348 7.2 %

Missing Data
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00
- 590 -
RDSCFUT: READ SCRIPTURE TO LEARN ABOUT THE FUTURE

(In the past year,) To what extent did you read [the Bible, Torah, Koran, or other religious scriptures] to learn about what the future
holds?

Frequency
1 Not at all 344 7.1 %

Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

RDSCISS1: READ SCRIPTURE TO LEARN ABOUT ABORTION OR HOMOSEXUALITY

(In the past year,) To what extent did you read [the Bible, Torah, Koran, or other religious scriptures] to learn about issues like
abortion or homosexuality?

Frequency
1 Not at all 494 10.2 %

Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 591 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

RDSCISS2: READ SCRIPTURE TO LEARN ABOUT POVERTY OR WAR

(In the past year,) To what extent did you read [the Bible, Torah, Koran, or other religious scriptures] to learn about issues like
poverty or war?

Frequency
1 Not at all 471 9.8 %

Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

RDSCORG: NUMBER OF DAYS READ SCRIPTURE IN THE PAST 30 DAYS
We are now going to ask about the more recent past, the past 30
days. Remember, all of these questions are about reading done outside
of a worship service:
In the past 30 days, on how many days have you read the [Bible, Torah,
Koran, or other religious scriptures] as part of an organized study
group of any kind? We are interested in the number of days you have
done this.
DAYS:
Added text: If respondent asks whether any particular group counts,

remind them we are asking about any organized group.
- 592 -
Frequency
0 None 465 9.6 %

1 1 day 58 1.2 %
2 - 43 0.9 %
3 - 24 0.5 %
4 - 59 1.2 %
5 - 26 0.5 %
6 - 9 0.2 %
7 - 5 0.1 %
8 - 14 0.3 %
9 - 1 0.0 %
10 - 18 0.4 %
12 - 9 0.2 %
13 - 2 0.0 %
14 - 1 0.0 %
15 - 8 0.2 %
18 - 2 0.0 %
20 - 8 0.2 %
21 - 5 0.1 %
25 - 3 0.1 %
28 - 1 0.0 %
30 - 17 0.4 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 2.77
• Median: 0.00
• Mode: 0.00
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 30.00

RDSCOWN: NUMBER OF DAYS READ SCRIPTURE INDIVIDUALLY IN THE PAST 30 DAYS
In the past 30 days, on how many days have you read scripture
as an individual activity where you chose and read the passage on your
- 593 -
own, not as part of an organized study group of any kind? Again, we
are interested in the number of days.
DAYS:

Frequency
0 None 162 3.4 %

1 1 day 62 1.3 %
2 - 87 1.8 %
3 - 34 0.7 %
4 - 37 0.8 %
5 - 43 0.9 %
6 - 13 0.3 %
7 - 9 0.2 %
8 - 10 0.2 %
10 - 42 0.9 %
12 - 5 0.1 %
14 - 2 0.0 %
15 - 52 1.1 %
16 - 2 0.0 %
17 - 2 0.0 %
18 - 1 0.0 %
20 - 45 0.9 %
21 - 2 0.0 %
25 - 16 0.3 %
26 - 3 0.1 %
27 - 3 0.1 %
28 - 4 0.1 %
30 - 136 2.8 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 7 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 10.35
• Median: 5.00
• Mode: 0.00
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 30.00
- 594 -
RDSCUND: GET HELP UNDERSTANDING SCRIPTURE

In the past 30 days, when reading the [Bible, Torah, Koran, or other religious scriptures], have you turned to other people, books, or
other sources for help interpreting and understanding what you read?

Frequency
1 Yes 344 7.1 %

2 No 433 9.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 8 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

RDSCCLGY: GET HELP UNDERSTANDING SCRIPTURE FROM CLERGY
In the past 30 days, have you received help in interpreting and

understanding scripture from . . .
Your pastor, priest, or other clergy?

Frequency
1 Yes 178 3.7 %

2 No 166 3.4 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 8 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00
- 595 -
RDSCLDR: GET HELP UNDERSTANDING SCRIPTURE FROM STUDY GROUP
(In the past 30 days, have you received help in interpreting

and understanding scripture from . . .)
Study group leader or members?

Frequency
1 Yes 170 3.5 %

2 No 174 3.6 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 8 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

RDSCBK: GET HELP UNDERSTANDING SCRIPTURE FROM PUBLISHED COMMENTARY

Published commentary in a book, CD, or DVD?

Frequency
1 Yes 170 3.5 %

2 No 174 3.6 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 8 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 596 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

RDSCWWW: GET HELP UNDERSTANDING SCRIPTURE FROM INTERNET

Internet site?

Frequency
1 Yes 100 2.1 %

2 No 244 5.1 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 8 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

RDSCTV: GET HELP UNDERSTANDING SCRIPTURE FROM RADIO/TV

Television or radio program?

Frequency
1 Yes 126 2.6 %

2 No 218 4.5 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 8 0.2 %
- 597 -
Frequency
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

RDSCBBL: WHICH TRANSLATION READ MOST

What translation of the Bible do you most often read? Is it the King James Version, New International Version, New American Bible,
New Revised Standard Version, Living Bible, or some OTHER version?

Frequency
1 King James Version 392 8.1 %

2 New International Version 127 2.6 %
3 New American Bible 39 0.8 %
4 New Revised Standard Version 52 1.1 %
5 Living Bible 40 0.8 %
6 (not used) 0 0.0 %
7 Reina Valera 6 0.1 %
8 English Standard 2 0.0 %
9 Catholic 11 0.2 %
10 (not used) 0 0.0 %
11 Good News 2 0.0 %
12 Children's 3 0.1 %
13 New World 3 0.1 %
14 Amplified 2 0.0 %
20 Old/New Testament 8 0.2 %
30 Other 14 0.3 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 33 0.7 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 30.00

- 598 -
BBLFAV: HAVE A FAVORITE BOOK OF THE BIBLE

Do you have a favorite book of the Bible?

Frequency
1 Yes 381 7.9 %

2 No 354 7.3 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

BBLFAV1: FAVORITE BOOK OF THE BIBLE
(Do you have a favorite book of the Bible?)
Please name:

Frequency
1 Acts 6 0.1 %
2 Amos 0 0.0 %
3 Baruch 0 0.0 %
4 4 Baruch 0 0.0 %
5 Chronicles 1 0 0.0 %
6 Chronicles 2 0 0.0 %
7 Colossians 0 0.0 %
8 1 Corinthians 10 0.2 %
9 2 Corinthians 3 0.1 %
10 Daniel 2 0.0 %
11 Deuteronomy 1 0.0 %
12 Ecclesiastes 6 0.1 %
13 Enoch (Book of) 0 0.0 %
14 Ephesians 7 0.1 %
- 599 -
Frequency
15 Esdras (Ancient Greek Version of 1 Ezra) 0 0.0 %

16 Esther 0 0.0 %
17 Exodus 2 0.0 %
18 Ezekiel 2 0.0 %
19 Ezra (2 Esdras) 0 0.0 %
20 Galatians 1 0.0 %
21 Genesis 16 0.3 %
22 Habakkuk 0 0.0 %
23 Haggai 0 0.0 %
24 Hebrews 4 0.1 %
25 Hosea 0 0.0 %
26 Isaiah 7 0.1 %
27 James 6 0.1 %
28 Jeremiah 2 0.0 %
29 Jeremiah (The Letter of) 0 0.0 %
30 Job 14 0.3 %
31 Joel 0 0.0 %
32 John 38 0.8 %
33 1 John (Epistle) 3 0.1 %
36 Jonah 2 0.0 %
37 Joshua 1 0.0 %
38 Jubilees 0 0.0 %
39 Jude 0 0.0 %
40 Judges 0 0.0 %
41 Judith 0 0.0 %
42 1 Kings (3 Kingdoms) 1 0.0 %
43 2 Kings (4 Kingdoms) 0 0.0 %
44 Lamentations 0 0.0 %
45 Leviticus 0 0.0 %
46 Luke 7 0.1 %
47 1 Maccabees 0 0.0 %
51 Malachi 0 0.0 %
52 Mark 3 0.1 %
53 Matthew 19 0.4 %
- 600 -
Frequency
54 1 Meqabyan 0 0.0 %
55 2 Meqabyan 0 0.0 %
56 3 Meqabyan 0 0.0 %
57 Micah 0 0.0 %
58 Nahum 0 0.0 %
59 Nehemiah (2 Esdras) 0 0.0 %
60 Numbers 0 0.0 %
61 Obadiah 0 0.0 %
62 Odes 0 0.0 %
63 1 Peter 0 0.0 %
64 2 Peter 0 0.0 %
65 Philemon 0 0.0 %
66 Philippians 6 0.1 %
67 Proverbs 28 0.6 %
68 Psalms 125 2.6 %
69 Revelation 30 0.6 %
70 Romans 7 0.1 %
71 Ruth 11 0.2 %
72 1 Samuel (1 Kingdoms) 0 0.0 %
73 2 Samuel (2 Kingdoms) 1 0.0 %
74 Sirach 1 0.0 %
75 Song of Songs 1 0.0 %
76 1 Thessalonians 0 0.0 %
77 2 Thessalonians 0 0.0 %
78 1 Timothy 0 0.0 %
79 2 Timothy 0 0.0 %
80 Titus 0 0.0 %
81 Tobit 0 0.0 %
82 Wisdom 1 0.0 %
83 Zechariah 0 0.0 %
84 Zephaniah 0 0.0 %
85 New Testament 2 0.0 %
90 Other 3 0.1 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 601 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 90.00

BBLSTRY: FAVORITE BIBLE STORY

Do you have a favorite Bible story, verse, or passage?

Frequency
1 Yes 377 7.8 %

2 No 358 7.4 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

CLMTKNOW: HOW MUCH R UNDERSTANDS GLOBAL WARMING ISSUE
Next I would like to ask you some questions about the issue of
global warming or climate change.
How much do you feel you understand about this issue - would you say a
great deal, a moderate amount, only a little, or nothing at all?

Frequency

2 A moderate amount 501 10.4 %
3 Only a little 522 10.8 %
4 Nothing at all 154 3.2 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 3 0.1 %
- 602 -
Frequency
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

CLMTCHNG: BELIEF ABOUT CLIMATE CHANGE HAPPENING AND CAUSE

Which of the three statements do you personally believe?

Frequency
1 Climate change is happening now, caused mainly by human activities 681 14.1 %
2 Climate change is happening now, but is caused mainly by natural forces, or 510 10.6 %
3 Climate change is not happening now? 54 1.1 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 45 0.9 %
9 No answer 5 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

VALORIG: DOINGS THINGS IN ORIGINAL WAYS IS IMPORTANT
Now I will briefly describe some people. Please listen to each

description and tell me how much each person is or is not like you.
Use this card for your answer.
Thinking up new ideas and being creative is important to (her/him).

(S/he) likes to do things in (her/his) own original way.

Frequency
1 Very much like me 372 7.7 %

2 Like me 334 6.9 %
3 Somewhat like me 360 7.5 %
- 603 -
Frequency
4 A little like me 133 2.8 %

5 Not like me 61 1.3 %
6 Not like me at all 25 0.5 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 4 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 6.00

VALRICH: GETTING RICH IS IMPORTANT
(Now I will briefly describe some people. Please listen to each

Use this card for your answer.)
It is important to (her/him) to be rich. (S/he) wants to have a lot of

money and expensive things.

Frequency

2 Like me 79 1.6 %
5 Not like me 518 10.7 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 4 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 6.00
- 604 -
VALEQL: EQUAL OPPORTUNITY IS IMPORTANT

(S/he) thinks it is important that every person in

the world should be treated equally. (S/he) believes
everyone should have equal opportunities in life.

Frequency

2 Like me 397 8.2 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 4 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 6.00

VALABLE: SHOWING ABILITIES IS IMPORTANT

It's important to (her/him) to show (her/his) abilities. (S/he) wants

people to admire what (s/he) does.

Frequency
- 605 -
Frequency
2 Like me 278 5.8 %

5 Not like me 215 4.5 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 4 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 6.00

VALSAFE: SAFETY IS IMPORTANT

It is important to (her/him) to live in secure

surroundings. (S/he) avoids anything that might
endanger (her/his) safety.

Frequency

2 Like me 357 7.4 %
5 Not like me 137 2.8 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 4 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 606 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 6.00

VALDIFF: DOING DIFFERENT THINGS IS IMPORTANT

(S/he) likes surprises and is always looking for new

things to do. (S/he) thinks it is important to do
lots of different things in life.

Frequency

2 Like me 305 6.3 %
5 Not like me 148 3.1 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 4 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 6.00

VALRULE: RULES ARE IMPORTANT

(S/he) believes that people should do what they're told. (S/he) thinks
people should follow rules at all times, even when no-one is watching.
- 607 -
Frequency

2 Like me 310 6.4 %
5 Not like me 213 4.4 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 6.00

VALLIST: LISTENING TO DIFFERENT OPINIONS IS IMPORTANT

It is important to (her/him) to listen to people who are different from

(her/him). Even when (s/he) disagrees with them, (s/he) still wants to
understand them.

Frequency

2 Like me 518 10.7 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 4 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 608 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 6.00

VALMOD: BEING MODEST IS IMPORTANT

It is important to (her/him) to be humble and modest.

(S/he) tries not to draw attention to (her/him)self.

Frequency

2 Like me 463 9.6 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 4 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 6.00

VALSPL: SPOILING ONESELF IS IMPORTANT

Having a good time is important to (her/him). (S/he) likes to "spoil"

(her/him)self.
- 609 -
Frequency

2 Like me 195 4.0 %
5 Not like me 348 7.2 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 4 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 6.00

VALFREE: BEING FREE AND INDEPENDENT IS IMPORTANT

It is important to (her/him) to make (her/his) own decisions about what

(s/he) does.
(S/he) likes to be free and not depend on others.

Frequency

2 Like me 421 8.7 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 5 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 610 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 6.00

VALCARE: CARING FOR WELL-BEING IS IMPORTANT

It's very important to (her/him) to help the people around (her/him).

(S/he) wants to care for their well-being.

Frequency

2 Like me 474 9.8 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 5 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 6.00

VALACHV: MAKING ACHIEVEMENTS IS IMPORTANT

Being very successful is important to (her/him).

(S/he) hopes people will recognize (her/his) achievements.
- 611 -
Frequency

2 Like me 258 5.4 %
5 Not like me 261 5.4 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 5 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 6.00

VALDFND: GOVERNMENT'S DEFENSE OF CITIZENS IS IMPORTANT

It is important to (her/him) that the government ensures (her/his)

safety against all threats. (S/he) wants the state to be strong so it
can defend its citizens.

Frequency

2 Like me 433 9.0 %
5 Not like me 109 2.3 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 11 0.2 %
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 612 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 6.00

VALRISK: TAKING RISK IS IMPORTANT

(S/he) looks for adventures and likes to take risks. (S/he) wants to
have an exciting life.

Frequency

2 Like me 210 4.4 %
5 Not like me 314 6.5 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 4 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 6.00

VALPRPR: DOING THINGS PROPERLY IS IMPORTANT

It is important to (her/him) always to behave properly. (S/he) wants

to avoid doing anything people would say is wrong.
- 613 -
Frequency

2 Like me 341 7.1 %
5 Not like me 177 3.7 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 5 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 6.00

VALRSPT: GETTING RESPECT IS IMPORTANT

It is important to (her/him) to get respect from others.

(S/he) wants people to do what (s/he) says.

Frequency

2 Like me 220 4.6 %
5 Not like me 317 6.6 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 10 0.2 %
9 No answer 8 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 614 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 6.00

VALDVOT: DEVOTION TO CLOSE PEOPLE IS IMPORTANT

It is important to (her/him) to be loyal to (her/his) friends. (S/he)

wants to devote (her/him)self to people close to (her/him).

Frequency

2 Like me 469 9.7 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 4 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 6.00

VALECO: ECOLOGY OR ENVIRONMENT IS IMPORTANT

(S/he) strongly believes that people should care for nature. Looking
after the environment is important to (her/him).
- 615 -
Frequency

2 Like me 440 9.1 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 6.00

VALTRDN: TRADITION IS IMPORTANT

Tradition is important to (her/him). (S/he) tries to follow the customs

handed down by (her/his) religion or (her/his) family.

Frequency

2 Like me 350 7.3 %
5 Not like me 142 2.9 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 4 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 616 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 6.00

VALFUN: HAVING FUN IS IMPORTANT

(S/he) seeks every chance (s/he) can to have fun. It is important to

(her/him) to do things that give (her/him) pleasure.

Frequency

2 Like me 319 6.6 %
5 Not like me 151 3.1 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 5 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 6.00

REFBNS: DOES R'S CURRENT EMPLOYER OFFER A REFERRAL BONUS

Some employers offer something called a "referral bonus." It is a reward given to the employee who helps fill a job opening by
finding and referring the person who gets the job. Does your current or most recent employer offer a "referral bonus"?

Frequency
1 Yes 211 4.4 %

2 No 958 19.9 %
- 617 -
Frequency
Missing Data
8 Don't know 33 0.7 %
9 No answer 7 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

REFER12: HAS R TOLD ANYONE ABOUT A JOB OPPORTUNITY IN PAST 12 MONTHS

During the past 12 months, did you personally tell any family members, friends, or acquaintances about a job opportunity in case
they might want to apply for that job?

Frequency
1 Yes 625 13.0 %

2 No 579 12.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 2 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

REFCNT12: HOW MANY PEOPLE DID R TELL ABOUT A JOB OPPORTUNITY IN PAST 12
MONTHS
During the past 12 months, how many family members, friends, or

acquaintances did you personally tell about job opportunities they
might want to apply for?
Added text: PROBE: Please give your best guess.
- 618 -
Frequency
1 - 127 2.6 %
2 - 150 3.1 %
3 - 126 2.6 %
4 - 69 1.4 %
5 - 57 1.2 %
6 - 29 0.6 %
7 - 11 0.2 %
8 - 4 0.1 %
9 - 1 0.0 %
10 - 32 0.7 %
12 - 4 0.1 %
15 - 4 0.1 %
20 - 7 0.1 %
25 - 1 0.0 %
50 - 1 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 3.69
• Median: 3.00
• Mode: 2.00
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 50.00

REFOCC10: RECENT JOB OPPORTUNITY

Frequency
10 - 1 0.0 %
20 - 2 0.0 %
50 - 2 0.0 %
110 - 1 0.0 %
120 - 2 0.0 %
150 - 1 0.0 %
- 619 -
Frequency
160 - 1 0.0 %
230 - 4 0.1 %
310 - 1 0.0 %
340 - 1 0.0 %
350 - 2 0.0 %
410 - 2 0.0 %
420 - 1 0.0 %
430 - 10 0.2 %
630 - 4 0.1 %
710 - 1 0.0 %
725 - 3 0.1 %
726 - 1 0.0 %
735 - 2 0.0 %
740 - 1 0.0 %
800 - 4 0.1 %
850 - 1 0.0 %
930 - 1 0.0 %
940 - 1 0.0 %
995 - 50 1.0 %
1010 - 2 0.0 %
1020 - 3 0.1 %
1050 - 4 0.1 %
1107 - 2 0.0 %
1220 - 2 0.0 %
1300 - 1 0.0 %
1320 - 1 0.0 %
1360 - 1 0.0 %
1410 - 1 0.0 %
1460 - 1 0.0 %
1540 - 1 0.0 %
1550 - 5 0.1 %
1650 - 1 0.0 %
1720 - 1 0.0 %
1740 - 1 0.0 %
1965 - 2 0.0 %
2000 - 1 0.0 %
2010 - 3 0.1 %
2015 - 2 0.0 %
2040 - 1 0.0 %
- 620 -
Frequency
2100 - 1 0.0 %
2145 - 1 0.0 %
2160 - 1 0.0 %
2200 - 8 0.2 %
2300 - 2 0.0 %
2310 - 4 0.1 %
2320 - 2 0.0 %
2340 - 4 0.1 %
2400 - 1 0.0 %
2540 - 6 0.1 %
2600 - 1 0.0 %
2630 - 2 0.0 %
2710 - 2 0.0 %
2750 - 2 0.0 %
2800 - 1 0.0 %
2810 - 1 0.0 %
2825 - 3 0.1 %
3030 - 1 0.0 %
3050 - 1 0.0 %
3230 - 1 0.0 %
3255 - 3 0.1 %
3300 - 2 0.0 %
3420 - 1 0.0 %
3500 - 4 0.1 %
3510 - 1 0.0 %
3600 - 14 0.3 %
3610 - 1 0.0 %
3645 - 3 0.1 %
3647 - 1 0.0 %
3648 - 1 0.0 %
3649 - 1 0.0 %
3740 - 1 0.0 %
3800 - 4 0.1 %
3850 - 2 0.0 %
3930 - 7 0.1 %
3945 - 1 0.0 %
4000 - 2 0.0 %
4020 - 5 0.1 %
4030 - 6 0.1 %
- 621 -
Frequency
4040 - 1 0.0 %
4050 - 8 0.2 %
4060 - 1 0.0 %
4110 - 11 0.2 %
4120 - 1 0.0 %
4130 - 2 0.0 %
4140 - 1 0.0 %
4200 - 1 0.0 %
4220 - 13 0.3 %
4230 - 4 0.1 %
4250 - 4 0.1 %
4420 - 1 0.0 %
4500 - 1 0.0 %
4510 - 1 0.0 %
4520 - 1 0.0 %
4530 - 1 0.0 %
Missing Data
9998 Don't know 0 0.0 %
9999 No answer 9 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 4553.46
• Median: 4610.00
• Mode: 995.00
• Minimum: 10.00
• Maximum: 9800.00

WINFIRMR: TOLD PERSON OF JOB OPPORTUNITY WITH OWN EMPLOYER

Please recall the most recent time you told someone about a job opportunity they might want to apply for. Was it a job with your
employer at the time?

Frequency
1 Yes 291 6.0 %
- 622 -
Frequency
2 No 258 5.4 %
3 I was not employed at the time 76 1.6 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 2 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

REFAPPLY: DID PERSON TOLD APPLY?
(Recalling the most recent time you told someone about a job
opportunity they might want to apply for),
Did the person you told about that job opportunity apply for it?

Frequency
1 Yes 326 6.8 %

2 No 214 4.4 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 83 1.7 %
9 No answer 3 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

REFHSEX: PERSON TOLD ABOUT JOB OPPORTUNITY WAS SAME SEX AS R
(Recalling the person you most recently told about a job

- 623 -
Is that person the same sex (gender) as you?

Frequency
1 Yes 435 9.0 %

2 No 188 3.9 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 2 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

REFHRACE: RACE OF PERSON TOLD ABOUT JOB OPPORTUNITY

Is that person Asian, Black, Hispanic, White, or something else?

Frequency
1 Asian 15 0.3 %
2 Black 109 2.3 %
3 Hispanic 64 1.3 %
4 White 413 8.6 %
5 Something else 21 0.4 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 2 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00
- 624 -
REFHAGE: AGE OF PERSON TOLD ABOUT JOB OPPORTUNITY

About how old was that person?
Added text: PROBE: Please give your best guess.

Frequency
16 16 years old 1 0.0 %

17 - 5 0.1 %
18 - 13 0.3 %
19 - 17 0.4 %
20 - 26 0.5 %
21 - 20 0.4 %
22 - 11 0.2 %
23 - 23 0.5 %
24 - 22 0.5 %
25 - 33 0.7 %
26 - 20 0.4 %
27 - 19 0.4 %
28 - 19 0.4 %
29 - 6 0.1 %
30 - 51 1.1 %
31 - 7 0.1 %
32 - 18 0.4 %
33 - 14 0.3 %
34 - 11 0.2 %
35 - 38 0.8 %
36 - 11 0.2 %
37 - 7 0.1 %
38 - 18 0.4 %
39 - 1 0.0 %
40 - 52 1.1 %
41 - 2 0.0 %
42 - 13 0.3 %
43 - 2 0.0 %
44 - 7 0.1 %
- 625 -
Frequency
45 - 17 0.4 %
46 - 7 0.1 %
47 - 8 0.2 %
48 - 5 0.1 %
49 - 5 0.1 %
50 - 37 0.8 %
51 - 3 0.1 %
52 - 8 0.2 %
53 - 6 0.1 %
54 - 2 0.0 %
55 - 9 0.2 %
56 - 4 0.1 %
57 - 4 0.1 %
58 - 5 0.1 %
59 - 2 0.0 %
60 - 4 0.1 %
61 - 2 0.0 %
62 - 1 0.0 %
63 - 1 0.0 %
65 - 1 0.0 %
68 - 2 0.0 %
98 Don't know 4 0.1 %
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 35.02
• Median: 33.00
• Mode: 40.00
• Minimum: 16.00
• Maximum: 99.00

GOTTHNGS: GOT THE IMPORTANT THINGS R WANTS
- 626 -
Frequency
4 Agree 844 17.5 %
9 No answer 2 0.0 %
Missing Data
-9 Blank 3269 67.8 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 9.00

SATLIFE: SATISFIED WITH LIFE
(Please tell me on a scale of 1 to 5 how much you agree or

disagree with the following statements about your life. 1 means
strongly disagree and 5 means strongly agree.)
I am satisfied with my life.

Frequency

4 Agree 862 17.9 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 627 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

IDEALLFE: LIFE CLOSE TO IDEAL
Please tell me on a scale of 1 to 5 how much you agree or

strongly disagree and 5 means strongly agree.
In most ways my life is close to ideal.

Frequency

4 Agree 694 14.4 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

CONEXCEL: CONDITIONS OF LIFE EXCELLENT
(Please tell me on a scale of 1 to 5 how much you agree or

strongly disagree and 5 means strongly agree.)
The conditions of my life are excellent.

Frequency

- 628 -
Frequency

4 Agree 648 13.4 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

HLTHENGY: HOW MANY DAYS FELT HEALTHY, FULL OF ENERGY

Frequency
0 0 days 167 3.5 %

1 1 day 10 0.2 %
2 - 21 0.4 %
3 - 18 0.4 %
4 - 24 0.5 %
5 - 51 1.1 %
6 - 5 0.1 %
7 - 21 0.4 %
8 - 6 0.1 %
9 - 1 0.0 %
10 - 74 1.5 %
12 - 3 0.1 %
13 - 1 0.0 %
14 - 15 0.3 %
15 - 104 2.2 %
16 - 6 0.1 %
18 - 4 0.1 %
19 - 1 0.0 %
20 - 136 2.8 %
21 - 15 0.3 %
22 - 4 0.1 %
- 629 -
Frequency
23 - 21 0.4 %
24 - 6 0.1 %
25 - 160 3.3 %
26 - 16 0.3 %
27 - 36 0.7 %
28 - 69 1.4 %
29 - 41 0.9 %
30 - 506 10.5 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 8 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 20.02
• Median: 25.00
• Mode: 30.00
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 30.00

CONHLTH: CONFIDENCE IN HEALTH CARE SYSTEM IN US
(In general, how much confidence do you have in...)
The health care system in the United States?

Frequency
1 Complete confidence 57 1.2 %

2 A great deal of confidence 233 4.8 %
3 Some confidence 708 14.7 %
4 Very little confidence 425 8.8 %
5 No confidence at all 111 2.3 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 16 0.3 %
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
- 630 -
Frequency
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

HLTHCHNG: HOW MUCH SHOULD THE HEALTH CARE SYSTEM BE CHANGED

In general, would you say that the health care system in the United States...

Frequency
1 Needs no changes 31 0.6 %

2 Needs a few changes 495 10.3 %
3 Needs many changes 755 15.7 %
4 Needs to be completely changed 227 4.7 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 42 0.9 %
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

EDUCBTR: HIGHER INCOMES AFFORD BETTER EDUCATION FOR KIDS

Is it fair or unfair that people with higher incomes can afford better education for their children than people with lower incomes?
Would you say it is ...

Frequency
1 Very fair 186 3.9 %

2 Somewhat fair 313 6.5 %
3 Neither fair nor unfair 345 7.2 %
4 Somewhat unfair 335 7.0 %
5 Very unfair 322 6.7 %
Missing Data
- 631 -
Frequency

8 Don't know 48 1.0 %
9 No answer 2 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

HLTHBTR: HIGHER INCOMES AFFORD BETTER HEALTH CARE

Is it fair or unfair that people with higher incomes can afford better health care than people with lower incomes? Would you say it
is...

Frequency
1 Very fair 156 3.2 %

2 Somewhat fair 243 5.0 %
3 Neither fair nor unfair 266 5.5 %
4 Somewhat unfair 364 7.6 %
5 Very unfair 490 10.2 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 31 0.6 %
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

HLTHIMP: HEALTH CARE SYSTEM IMPROVE IN NEXT FEW YEARS
How much do you agree or disagree with the following

statements? Do you strongly agree, agree, neither agree nor disagree,
disagree, or strongly disagree that...
In the next few years the health care system in the United States will
- 632 -
improve.

Frequency

2 Agree 391 8.1 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 100 2.1 %
9 No answer 2 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

HLTHMORE: PEOPLE USE HEALTH CARE SERVICES MORE THAN NECESSARY
(How much do you agree or disagree with the following

disagree, or strongly disagree that...)
People use health care services more than necessary.

Frequency

2 Agree 660 13.7 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 41 0.9 %
9 No answer 3 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 633 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

HLTHGOV: GOVERNMENT SHOULD PROVIDE ONLY LIMITED HEALTH CARE

The government should provide only limited health care services.

Frequency

2 Agree 365 7.6 %
4 Disagree 589 12.2 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 49 1.0 %
9 No answer 2 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

HLTHINF: HEALTH CARE SYSTEM IN US INEFFICIENT

In general, the health care system in the United States is

inefficient.

Frequency
- 634 -
Frequency
2 Agree 673 14.0 %

Missing Data
8 Don't know 52 1.1 %
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

HLTHTAX: WILLING TO PAY HIGHER TAXES TO IMPROVE HEALTH CARE FOR ALL
How willing would you be to pay higher taxes to improve the level of health care for all people in the United States? Would you be
...

Frequency
1 Very willing 178 3.7 %

2 Fairly willing 508 10.5 %
3 Neither willing nor unwilling 250 5.2 %
4 Fairly unwilling 253 5.2 %
5 Very unwilling 293 6.1 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 67 1.4 %
9 No answer 2 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

FNDMEDCH: FAVOR PUBLIC FUNDING OF PREVENTATIVE MEDICAL CHECKUPS
- 635 -
Are you in favor of or against public funding of...
Preventive medical checkups?

Frequency
1 Strongly in favor of 320 6.6 %

2 In favor of 766 15.9 %
3 Neither in favor of nor against 218 4.5 %
4 Against 132 2.7 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 46 1.0 %
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

FNDAIDS: FAVOR PUBLIC FUNDING OF TREATMENT HIV/AIDS
(Are you in favor of or against public funding of...)
Treatment of HIV/AIDS?

Frequency

2 In favor of 727 15.1 %
4 Against 155 3.2 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 33 0.7 %
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 636 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

FNDOBSTY: FAVOR PUBLIC FUNDING TO PREVENT OBESITY
Programs to prevent obesity?

Frequency

2 In favor of 640 13.3 %
4 Against 240 5.0 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 22 0.5 %
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

FNDORGN: FAVOR PUBLIC FUNDING OF ORGAN TRANSPLANTS
Organ transplants?

Frequency

2 In favor of 754 15.6 %
- 637 -
Frequency
4 Against 138 2.9 %

Missing Data
8 Don't know 27 0.6 %
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

HLTHCTZN: ACCESS TO PUBLIC FUNDED HEALTH CARE IF NOT CITIZEN

People should have access to publicly funded health care even if

they...
Do not hold citizenship of the United States.

Frequency

2 Agree 303 6.3 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 45 0.9 %
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00
- 638 -
HLTHDMG: ACCESS TO PUBLIC FUNDED HEALTH CARE IF DAMAGE OWN HEALTH
(People should have access to publicly funded health care even

if they...)
Behave in ways that damage their health.

Frequency

2 Agree 382 7.9 %
4 Disagree 495 10.3 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 44 0.9 %
9 No answer 3 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

HLTHNEED: HOW MANY DON'T HAVE ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE NEEDED IN US

In your opinion, how many people are there in the United States who do not have access to the health care they need? Would you
say...

Frequency
1 None 28 0.6 %
2 Very few 112 2.3 %
3 Some 306 6.3 %
4 Many 1024 21.2 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 80 1.7 %
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 639 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

HLTHBEH: SUFFER HEALTH PROBLEMS FROM BEHAVIOR
Severe health problems may have many causes. How much do you
agree or disagree with the following statements? Do you strongly
agree, agree, neither agree nor disagree, disagree, or strongly
disagree that...
People suffer from severe health problems...
Because they behaved in ways that damaged their health.

Frequency

2 Agree 732 15.2 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 32 0.7 %
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

HLTHENV: SUFFER HEALTH PROBLEMS FROM ENVIRONMENT WHERE WORK OR LIVE
(Do you strongly agree, agree, neither agree nor disagree,

disagree, or strongly disagree that... People suffer from severe
health problems...)
Because of the environment they are exposed to at work or where they

live.
- 640 -
Frequency

2 Agree 854 17.7 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 40 0.8 %
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

HLTHGENE: SUFFER HEALTH PROBLEMS BECAUSE OF GENES

health problems...)
Because of their genes.

Frequency

2 Agree 972 20.2 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 39 0.8 %
9 No answer 2 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00
- 641 -
HLTHPOOR: SUFFER HEALTH PROBLEMS BECAUSE POOR

health problems...)
Because they are poor.

Frequency

2 Agree 705 14.6 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 28 0.6 %
9 No answer 2 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

HRTOP: HEART OPERATION FIRST FOR SMOKER OR NONSMOKER

Suppose two equally sick people need the same heart operation. One does not smoke, the other is a heavy smoker. In your
opinion who should get the operation first?

Frequency
1 The non-smoker 837 17.4 %

2 The heavy smoker 33 0.7 %
3 Their smoking habits should make no difference 459 9.5 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 216 4.5 %
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
- 642 -
Frequency
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

HRTOP37: HEART OPERATION FIRST FOR 30 OR 70 YR OLD

Now, suppose two other equally sick people need the same heart operation. One is aged 30, the other 70. In your opinion who
should get the operation first?

Frequency
1 The 30 year old 689 14.3 %

2 The 70 year old 63 1.3 %
3 Their ages should make no difference 601 12.5 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 195 4.0 %
9 No answer 3 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

HRTOPKID: HEART OPERATION FIRST FOR PERSON WITH YOUNG KIDS OR NO KIDS
Now, suppose two other equally sick people need the same heart operation. One has young children, the other does not have
young children. In your opinion who should get the operation first?

Frequency
1 The one who has young children 587 12.2 %

2 The one who has no young children 9 0.2 %
3 Having young children should make no difference 688 14.3 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 264 5.5 %
- 643 -
Frequency
9 No answer 3 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

ALTMED: ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE PROVIDES BETTER SOLUTIONS

Alternative medicine provides better solutions for health problems

than mainstream/medicine.

Frequency

2 Agree 329 6.8 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 149 3.1 %
9 No answer 3 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

ALTMEDPR: ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE PROMISES MORE THAN CAN DELIVER

- 644 -
Alternative medicine promises more than it is able to deliver.

Frequency

2 Agree 612 12.7 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 159 3.3 %
9 No answer 2 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

DOCTRST: DOCTORS CAN BE TRUSTED
How much do you agree or disagree with the following statements

about doctors in general in the United States? Do you strongly agree,
agree, neither agree nor disagree, disagree, or strongly disagree
that...
All things considered, doctors can be trusted.

Frequency

2 Agree 811 16.8 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 34 0.7 %
9 No answer 2 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 645 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

DOCTLK: DOCTORS DISCUSS ALL TREATMENT OPTIONS WITH THEIR PATIENTS

statements about doctors in general in the United States? Do you
strongly agree, agree, neither agree nor disagree, disagree, or
strongly disagree that...)
Doctors discuss all treatment options with their patients.

Frequency

2 Agree 546 11.3 %
4 Disagree 511 10.6 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 40 0.8 %
9 No answer 2 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

DOCSKLS: MEDICAL SKILLS OF DOCTORS NOT AS GOOD AS SHOULD BE

The medical skills of doctors are not as good as they should be.
- 646 -
Frequency

2 Agree 442 9.2 %
4 Disagree 514 10.7 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 70 1.5 %
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

DOCEARN: DOCTORS CARE MORE ABOUT EARNINGS THAN PATIENTS

Doctors care more about their earnings than about their patients.

Frequency

2 Agree 320 6.6 %
4 Disagree 542 11.2 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 46 1.0 %
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
- 647 -
• Maximum: 5.00

DOCMSTK: DOCTORS WOULD TELL PATIENTS IF THEY MADE A MISTAKE

Doctors would tell their patients if they made a mistake during

treatment.

Frequency

2 Agree 318 6.6 %
4 Disagree 622 12.9 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 66 1.4 %
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

HLTHPRB: DIFFICULTIES WITH WORK OR HOUSEWORK DUE TO HEALTH PROBLEMS
During the past 4 weeks how often...
Have you had difficulties with work or household activities because of

health problems?

Frequency
1 Never 813 16.9 %

2 Seldom 275 5.7 %
- 648 -
Frequency

4 Often 112 2.3 %
5 Very often 99 2.1 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

HLTHPAIN: BODY ACHES OR PAINS IN LAST 4 WEEKS

(During the past 4 weeks how often...) have you had bodily aches or pains?

Frequency
1 Never 306 6.3 %

2 Seldom 289 6.0 %
4 Often 274 5.7 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

HLTHDEP: FELT UNHAPPY OR DEPRESSED IN LAST 4 WEEKS

(During the past 4 weeks how often...) have you felt unhappy and depressed?
- 649 -
Frequency
1 Never 645 13.4 %

2 Seldom 409 8.5 %
4 Often 92 1.9 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 10 0.2 %
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

HLTHCONF: LOST CONFIDENCE IN SELF IN LAST 4 WEEKS

(During the past 4 weeks how often...) have you lost confidence in yourself?

Frequency
1 Never 914 19.0 %

2 Seldom 323 6.7 %
4 Often 47 1.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

HLTHNOT: FELT COULDN'T OVERCOME PROBLEMS IN LAST 4 WEEKS
- 650 -
(During the past 4 weeks how often...) have you felt you could not overcome your problems?

Frequency
1 Never 992 20.6 %

2 Seldom 294 6.1 %
4 Often 41 0.9 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

DOCVST: HOW OFTEN VISIT DOCTOR
During the past 12 months, how often did you visit or were
visited by...
a doctor?

Frequency
1 Never 256 5.3 %

2 Seldom 488 10.1 %
4 Often 218 4.5 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
- 651 -
• Maximum: 5.00

DOCALT: HOW OFTEN VISIT ALTERNATIVE HEALTH CARE PRACTITIONER
(During the past 12 months, how often did you visit or were
visited by... )
an alternative health care practitioner?

Frequency
1 Never 1199 24.9 %

2 Seldom 137 2.8 %
4 Often 55 1.1 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 17 0.4 %
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

HSPOVRNT: HOW OFTEN HOSPITAL OVERNIGHT INPATIENT
During the past 12 months, have you been in hospital or a

clinic as an inpatient overnight?
Added text: THIS ALSO INCLUDES GIVING BIRTH.

Frequency
1 Yes 237 4.9 %

2 No 1313 27.2 %
Missing Data
- 652 -
Frequency

9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

MEDPAY: COULDN'T GET CARE BECAUSE COULDN'T PAY
During the past 12 months did it ever happen that you did not
get the medical treatment you needed because...
You could not pay for it?

Frequency
1 Yes 173 3.6 %

2 No 1252 26.0 %
3 Did not need medical treatment 124 2.6 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 2 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

MEDCOMMT: COULDN'T GET CARE BECAUSE WORK/OTHER COMMITMENTS
(During the past 12 months did it ever happen that you did not
get the medical treatment you needed because...)
You could not take the time off work or had other commitments?
- 653 -
Frequency
1 Yes 120 2.5 %

2 No 1295 26.9 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 2 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

MEDUNAV: COULDN'T GET CARE BECAUSE UNAVAILABLE IN AREA
The treatment you needed was not available where you live or nearby?

Frequency
1 Yes 41 0.9 %
2 No 1350 28.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 2 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

MEDWTLST: COULDN'T GET CARE BECAUSE WAITLIST TOO LONG
- 654 -
The waiting list was too long?

Frequency
1 Yes 36 0.7 %
2 No 1350 28.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

MEDBEST: HOW LIKELY TO GET BEST TREATMENT AVAILABLE IN US
How likely is it that if you become seriously ill, you would

get or not get...
The best treatment available in the United States

Frequency
1 It's certain I would get 310 6.4 %

2 It's likely I would get 610 12.7 %
3 Equal chance of getting or not getting 335 7.0 %
4 It's likely I would not get 211 4.4 %
5 It's certain I would not get 47 1.0 %
8 Can't choose 37 0.8 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 655 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 8.00

MEDDRCH: HOW LIKELY TO GET TREATMENT FROM DOCTOR OF CHOICE
(How likely is it that if you become seriously ill, you would

get or not get...)
Treatment from the doctor of your choice

Frequency
1 It's certain I would get 333 6.9 %

2 It's likely I would get 635 13.2 %
3 Equal chance of getting or not getting 310 6.4 %
4 It's likely I would not get 174 3.6 %
5 It's certain I would not get 58 1.2 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 8.00

HLTHSAT: HOW SATISFIED R WITH HEALTH CARE SYSTEM IN US

In general, how satisfied or dissatisfied are you with the health care system in the United States? Are you...

Frequency
1 Completely satisfied 53 1.1 %

3 Fairly satisfied 564 11.7 %
4 Neither satisfied nor unsatisfied 214 4.4 %
- 656 -
Frequency
5 Fairly unsatisfied 255 5.3 %

6 Very unsatisfied 171 3.5 %
7 Completely unsatisfied 59 1.2 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 18 0.4 %
9 No answer 2 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 7.00

DOCVISIT: HOW SATISFIED R WITH OFFICE VISIT

Frequency

8 Does not apply 17 0.4 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 8.00

ALTSAT: HOW SATISFIED R WITH ALTERNATIVE HEALTH TREATMENT
- 657 -
(How satisfied or dissatisfied were you with the treatment you
received...)
When you last visited an alternative health care practitioner?

Frequency

Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 8.00

HOSPSAT: HOW SATISIFIED R WITH LAST TREATMENT IN HOSPITAL
(How satisfied or dissatisfied were you with the treatment you

received...)
When you were last in hospital?

Frequency

- 658 -
Frequency

Missing Data
98 Don't know 29 0.6 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 8.00

SMOKEDAY: HOW MANY CIGARETTES A DAY

Do you smoke cigarettes, and if so about how many cigarettes a day?

Frequency
1 Do not smoke and never did 771 16.0 %

2 Do not smoke now but smoked in the past 411 8.5 %
3 Smoke 1-5 cigarettes per day 104 2.2 %
7 Smoke more than 40 cigarettes per day 2 0.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 3 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 7.00

PHYSACT: HOW OFTEN R DOES PHYSICAL ACTIVITY FOR 20 MINUTES A DAY

(How often do you...) do physical activity for at least 20 minutes that makes you sweat or breathe more heavily than usual?
- 659 -
Frequency
1 Never 190 3.9 %

2 Once a month or less 141 2.9 %
5 Daily 402 8.3 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 15 0.3 %
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

FRTVEGS: HOW OFTEN R EATS FRESH FRUIT/VEGGIES

(How often do you...) eat fresh fruit or vegetables?

Frequency
1 Never 7 0.1 %
5 Daily 799 16.6 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

DISBLTY: DOES R HAVE DISABILITY
- 660 -
Do you have a long-standing illness, a chronic condition, or a disability?

Frequency
1 Yes 583 12.1 %

2 No 961 19.9 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 2 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

RHEIGHT: R'S HEIGHT (INCHES)
What is your...
Height?

Frequency
54 - 1 0.0 %
56 - 1 0.0 %
57 - 1 0.0 %
58 - 5 0.1 %
59 - 15 0.3 %
60 - 51 1.1 %
61 - 54 1.1 %
62 - 110 2.3 %
63 - 103 2.1 %
64 - 162 3.4 %
65 - 139 2.9 %
66 - 134 2.8 %
67 - 120 2.5 %
68 - 119 2.5 %
69 - 99 2.1 %
70 - 101 2.1 %
71 - 102 2.1 %
- 661 -
Frequency
72 - 89 1.8 %
73 - 48 1.0 %
74 - 42 0.9 %
75 - 27 0.6 %
76 - 12 0.2 %
77 - 5 0.1 %
79 - 2 0.0 %
80 - 1 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 66.82
• Median: 66.00
• Mode: 64.00
• Minimum: 54.00
• Maximum: 80.00

RWEIGHT: R'S WEIGHT (POUNDS)
(What is your...)
Weight?
POUNDS:

Frequency
80 - 1 0.0 %
90 - 1 0.0 %
93 - 1 0.0 %
95 - 1 0.0 %
97 - 1 0.0 %
100 - 3 0.1 %
103 - 1 0.0 %
104 - 2 0.0 %
- 662 -
Frequency
105 - 4 0.1 %
106 - 3 0.1 %
108 - 4 0.1 %
109 - 2 0.0 %
110 - 17 0.4 %
111 - 4 0.1 %
112 - 2 0.0 %
113 - 1 0.0 %
114 - 4 0.1 %
115 - 14 0.3 %
117 - 4 0.1 %
118 - 8 0.2 %
119 - 4 0.1 %
120 - 37 0.8 %
121 - 1 0.0 %
122 - 6 0.1 %
123 - 3 0.1 %
124 - 2 0.0 %
125 - 22 0.5 %
126 - 2 0.0 %
127 - 3 0.1 %
128 - 11 0.2 %
129 - 2 0.0 %
130 - 42 0.9 %
131 - 2 0.0 %
132 - 8 0.2 %
133 - 4 0.1 %
134 - 3 0.1 %
135 - 36 0.7 %
136 - 2 0.0 %
137 - 8 0.2 %
138 - 12 0.2 %
139 - 3 0.1 %
140 - 50 1.0 %
141 - 2 0.0 %
142 - 6 0.1 %
143 - 4 0.1 %
144 - 3 0.1 %
145 - 33 0.7 %
- 663 -
Frequency
146 - 3 0.1 %
147 - 4 0.1 %
148 - 7 0.1 %
149 - 3 0.1 %
150 - 56 1.2 %
151 - 3 0.1 %
152 - 11 0.2 %
153 - 6 0.1 %
154 - 4 0.1 %
155 - 33 0.7 %
156 - 4 0.1 %
157 - 3 0.1 %
158 - 6 0.1 %
159 - 4 0.1 %
160 - 75 1.6 %
161 - 1 0.0 %
162 - 9 0.2 %
163 - 8 0.2 %
164 - 1 0.0 %
165 - 32 0.7 %
166 - 3 0.1 %
167 - 5 0.1 %
168 - 7 0.1 %
169 - 5 0.1 %
170 - 62 1.3 %
172 - 10 0.2 %
173 - 5 0.1 %
174 - 8 0.2 %
175 - 38 0.8 %
176 - 5 0.1 %
178 - 13 0.3 %
179 - 3 0.1 %
180 - 63 1.3 %
182 - 3 0.1 %
183 - 4 0.1 %
184 - 4 0.1 %
185 - 45 0.9 %
186 - 5 0.1 %
187 - 4 0.1 %
- 664 -
Frequency
189 - 3 0.1 %
190 - 39 0.8 %
191 - 1 0.0 %
192 - 3 0.1 %
193 - 2 0.0 %
194 - 8 0.2 %
195 - 29 0.6 %
196 - 5 0.1 %
197 - 3 0.1 %
198 - 8 0.2 %
199 - 2 0.0 %
200 - 62 1.3 %
201 - 1 0.0 %
202 - 3 0.1 %
Missing Data
998 Don't know 11 0.2 %
999 No answer 51 1.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 177.25
• Median: 172.00
• Mode: 160.00
• Minimum: 80.00
• Maximum: 546.00

INSTYPE: TYPE OF HEALTH INSURANCE R HAS
What kind of health insurance do you have?
Added text: PROBE TO BEST CODE HEALTH INSURANCE IN THE CATEGORIES

BELOW.
- 665 -
Frequency
1 Have no health insurance 251 5.2 %

2 National, public health insurance (including coverage by public welfare) (A) 232 4.8 %
3 Private insurance (B) 245 5.1 %
4 Employer/union based insurance (C) 551 11.4 %
5 National, public health insurance and private/complementary insurance (A+B) 144 3.0 %
6 Public/national and employer/union based insurance (A+C) 36 0.7 %
7 Employer/union based and private/complementary insurance (B+C) 35 0.7 %
8 Employer/union based, private/complementary and national/public health insurance (A+B+C) 21 0.4 %
9 Other 6 0.1 %
10 Military 18 0.4 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 10 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 10.00

INSCOVRG: HOW WELL COVERED

Thinking about your health insurance coverage would you say you are very well covered, well covered, or not well covered.

Frequency
1 Very well covered 412 8.5 %

2 Well covered 724 15.0 %
3 Not well covered 160 3.3 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 252 5.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00
- 666 -
PRESPOP: APPROVE OF PRESIDENT HANDLING JOB

Do you approve or disapprove of the way Barack Obama is handling his job as president?

Frequency
1 Approve 633 13.1 %

2 Disapprove 541 11.2 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 91 1.9 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

VOLACTYR: SINCE LAST YEAR ANY VOLUNTEERING

Since [CURRENT MONTH] 1st of last year, have you done any volunteer activities through or for an organization?

Frequency
1 Yes 517 10.7 %

2 No 777 16.1 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 5 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

VOLACTY2: DONE OTHER TYPES OF VOLUNTEERING FOR CHILD'S SCHOOL OR YOUTH

ORGANIZATION
- 667 -
Sometimes people don't think of activities they do infrequently or activities they do for children's schools or youth organizations as
volunteer activities. Since [CURRENT MONTH] 1st of last year, have you done any of these types of volunteer activities?

Frequency
1 Yes 96 2.0 %
2 No 681 14.1 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 5 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

POLEFY3: AVERAGE CITIZEN INFLUENCE ON POLITICS

How much influence does the average citizen have on politics: None, a little, some, quite a bit, or a great deal?

Frequency
1 None 95 2.0 %
2 A little 206 4.3 %
3 Some 189 3.9 %
4 Quite a bit 69 1.4 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 32 0.7 %
9 No answer 3 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

POLEFY11: HOW MUCH SAY ABOUT WHAT GOVERNMENT DOES

How much say do people like you have about what the government does: None, a little, some, quite a bit, or a great deal?
- 668 -
Frequency
1 None 162 3.4 %

2 A little 224 4.6 %
3 Some 170 3.5 %
4 Quite a bit 40 0.8 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 23 0.5 %
9 No answer 4 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

POLEFY13: UNDERSTAND ISSUES FACING COUNTRY

How good is your understanding of the important political issues facing our country: Not at all, a little, somewhat, very, or
extremely?

Frequency
1 None 29 0.6 %
2 A little 117 2.4 %
3 Some 284 5.9 %
4 Quite a bit 152 3.2 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 19 0.4 %
9 No answer 4 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

- 669 -
POLEFY15: HOW INFORMED ABOUT POLITICS
Compared to most people, how informed are you about politics: not at all, a little, somewhat, very, or extremely?

Frequency
1 None 49 1.0 %
2 A little 142 2.9 %
3 Some 256 5.3 %
4 Quite a bit 143 3.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 2 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

POLEFY16: HOW OFTEN CONGRESS KEEPS PROMISES

How often do the people we elect to Congress try to keep the promises they have made during the election: Never, rarely,
sometimes, very often, or extremely often?

Frequency
1 Never 59 1.2 %
2 Rarely 215 4.5 %
5 Extremely often 5 0.1 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 28 0.6 %
9 No answer 2 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

- 670 -
POLEFY17: HOW MANY GOVERNMENT ADMINS CAN BE TRUSTED TO DO WHAT'S BEST

How many government administrators can be trusted to do what is best for the country: None, a few, some, most, or all?

Frequency
1 None 62 1.3 %
2 A few 247 5.1 %
3 Some 241 5.0 %
4 Most 59 1.2 %
5 All 5 0.1 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 31 0.6 %
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

RATETONE: R'S FACIAL COLORING BY INTERVIEWER

INTERVIEWER: PLEASE RECORD THE COLOR FROM THE COLOR CARD THAT MOST CLOSELY CORRESPONDS TO THE
RESPONDENT'S FACIAL COLORING.

Frequency
1 Lightest 1361 28.2 %

2 - 1298 26.9 %
3 - 505 10.5 %
4 - 260 5.4 %
5 - 152 3.2 %
6 - 119 2.5 %
7 - 123 2.6 %
8 - 125 2.6 %
9 - 38 0.8 %
10 Darkest 27 0.6 %
Missing Data
- 671 -
Frequency
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %

99 No answer 812 16.8 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 2.61
• Median: 2.00
• Mode: 1.00
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 10.00

POLEFF3: AVERAGE PERSON CAN INFLUENCE POLITICIANS
Please tell me how much you agree or disagree with each of the
following statements.
The average citizen has considerable influence on politics. Do you

strongly disagree?
Notes: Remarks: See important remarks below after POLEFF10 for information about the response categories of this variable.

Frequency
1 Agree-strongly agree 43 0.9 %

2 Disagree-agree 153 3.2 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 3 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

- 672 -
POLEFF11: DON'T HAVE ANY SAY ABOUT WHAT THE GOVERNMENT DOES
People like me don't have any say about what the government does. Do you strongly agree, agree, neither agree nor disagree,
disagree, or strongly disagree?

Frequency

2 Agree 193 4.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 2 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

POLEFF13: HAVE A PRETTY GOOD UNDERSTANDING OF ISSUES

I feel that I have a pretty good understanding of the important political issues facing our country. Do you strongly agree, agree,
neither agree nor disagree, disagree, or strongly disagree?

Frequency

2 Agree 303 6.3 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 3 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00
- 673 -
POLEFF15: MOST PEOPLE BETTER INFORMED ABOUT POLITICS THAN I

I think most people are better informed about politics and government than I am. Do you strongly agree, agree, neither agree nor
disagree, disagree, or strongly disagree?

Frequency

2 Agree 197 4.1 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 3 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

POLEFF16: PEOPLE ELECTED TO CONGRESS TRY TO KEEP PROMISES

People we elect to Congress try to keep the promises they have made during the election. Do you strongly agree, agree, neither
agree nor disagree, disagree, or strongly disagree?

Frequency

2 Agree 140 2.9 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 3 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 674 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

POLEFF17: MOST GOVERNMENT ADMINISTRATORS CAN BE TRUSTED

Most government administrators can be trusted to do what is best for the country. Do you strongly agree, agree, neither agree nor
disagree, disagree, or strongly disagree?

Frequency

2 Agree 120 2.5 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 4 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

POSSLQ: DOES R HAVE MARITAL PARTNER
Which of these statements applies to you?
Notes: Remarks: Card HS contained responses 1-4. See POSSLQY as well.

Frequency
1 Married with partner 1720 35.7 %

2 Living as married 365 7.6 %
3 Partner, not together 335 7.0 %
4 No steady partner 1401 29.1 %
Missing Data
- 675 -
Frequency

8 Don't know 14 0.3 %
9 No answer 9 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

POSSLQY: RELATIONSHIP STATUS AND COHABITATION OR NOT
Which of these statements applies to you?
Notes: Remarks: See POSSLQ as well.

Frequency
1 I am married and living in the same household as my husband or wife. 433 9.0 %
2 I have a steady partner, and we live in the same household. 97 2.0 %
3 I have a husband or wife or steady partner, but we don't live in the same household. 96 2.0 %
4 I don't have a steady partner. 348 7.2 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 2 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

KIDNUM: NUMBER OF CHILDREN AGE 18 AND OLDER

How many children age 0 to 17 live in this household?
Notes: Remarks: In 2012, KIDNUM was asked if RELIG=1, or OTHJEW=1 or 2, or SPOTHJEW=1 or 2.
- 676 -
Frequency
1 - 14 0.3 %
2 - 13 0.3 %
3 - 3 0.1 %
4 - 2 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 1.78
• Median: 2.00
• Mode: 1.00
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

HELPHWRK: HELPED SOMEONE WITH HOMEWORK DURING PAST 12 MONTHS
During the past 12 months, how often have you done any of the
following things for people you know personally, such as relatives,
friends, neighbors or other acquaintances?
Helped someone outside of your household with housework or shopping.

Frequency

4 At least two or three times in the past year 394 8.2 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 7 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 677 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 6.00

LENTTO: LENT MONEY TO ANOTHER PERSON PAST 12 MONTHS
(During the past 12 months, how often have you done any of the
friends, neighbors or other acquaintances?)
Lent quite a bit of money to another person.

Frequency

Missing Data
9 No answer 7 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 6.00

TALKEDTO: TALKED WITH SOMEONE DEPRESSED PAST 12 MONTHS
Spent time talking with someone who was a bit down or depressed.
- 678 -
Frequency

2 Once a week 197 4.1 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 6.00

HELPJOB: HELPED SOMEBODY TO FIND A JOB PAST 12 MONTHS
Helped somebody to find a job.

Frequency

Missing Data
9 No answer 7 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 679 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 6.00

INEQUAL3: INEQUALITY EXISTS FOR BENEFIT OF RICH
(Do you agree or disagree with the following statements?)
Inequality continues to exist because it benefits the rich and

powerful.

Frequency

2 Agree 525 10.9 %
3 Neither 212 4.4 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

INEQUAL5: PAY DIFFERENCES -> AMERICAN PROSPERITY
(Do you agree or disagree with the following statements?)
Large differences in income are necessary for America's prosperity.

Frequency

2 Agree 279 5.8 %
3 Neither 225 4.7 %
4 Disagree 542 11.2 %
- 680 -
Frequency

Missing Data
9 No answer 7 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

INCGAP: INCOME DIFFERENTIALS IN USA TOO BIG
Do you agree or disagree?
Differences in income in America are too large.

Frequency

2 Agree 492 10.2 %
3 Neither 235 4.9 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 4 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

GOODLIFE: STANDARD OF LIVING OF R WILL IMPROVE
- 681 -
Please tell me whether you strongly agree, agree, neither agree
nor disagree, disagree, or strongly disagree with the following
statement:
The way things are in America, people like me and my family have a
good chance of improving our standard of living.

Frequency

2 Agree 1365 28.3 %
3 Neither 572 11.9 %
4 Disagree 724 15.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

MAWRKWRM: WORKING MOM CAN HAVE A WARM RELATIONSHIP WITH KIDS
To begin, we have some questions about women.
Do you agree or disagree ...
A working mother can establish just as warm and secure a relationship

with her children as a mother who does not work.

Frequency

2 Agree 523 10.9 %
Missing Data
- 682 -
Frequency

9 No answer 5 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

KIDSUFFR: PRESCHOOLER WILL SUFFER IF MOM WORKS
A pre-school child is likely to suffer if his or her mother works.

Frequency

2 Agree 299 6.2 %
4 Disagree 511 10.6 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 7 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

FAMSUFFR: FAMILY LIFE SUFFERS IF MOM WORKS FULL-TIME
All in all, family life suffers when the woman has a full-time job.
- 683 -
Notes: Remarks: In 2002, due to a data processing issue, "Disagree" could not be separated from "Strongly disagree". Except in
2012, this question was self-administered.

Frequency

2 Agree 286 5.9 %
4 Disagree 511 10.6 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 7 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

HOMEKID: MOST WOMEN REALLY WANT A HOME AND KIDS
A job is alright, but what most women really want is a home and
children.

Frequency

2 Agree 360 7.5 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 8 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 684 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

HOUSEWRK: BEING HOUSEWIFE AS FULFILLING AS PAID WORK
Being a housewife is just as fulfilling as working for pay.

Frequency

2 Agree 531 11.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 9 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

WRKBABY: SHOULD WOMAN WITH PRESCHOOLER WORK?
Do you think that women should work outside the home full-time,
part-time or not at all under these circumstances:
When there is a child under school age.

Frequency
1 Work full-time 171 3.5 %

2 Work part-time 481 10.0 %
3 Stay home 335 7.0 %
Missing Data
- 685 -
Frequency

9 No answer 9 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

WRKSCH: SHOULD WOMAN WORK AFTER YOUNGEST IN SCHOOL?
Do you think that women should work outside the home full-time,
part-time or not at all under these circumstances:
After the youngest child starts school.

Frequency
1 Work full-time 567 11.8 %

2 Work part-time 419 8.7 %
3 Stay home 47 1.0 %
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

MARHAPPY: MARRIED PEOPLE HAPPIER THAN UNMARRIED
Married people are generally happier than unmarried people.
- 686 -
Frequency

2 Agree 348 7.2 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 9 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

MARLEGIT: THOSE WANTING KIDS SHOULD GET MARRIED
People who want children ought to get married.

Frequency

2 Agree 544 11.3 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

- 687 -
MARHOMO: HOMOSEXUALS SHOULD HAVE RIGHT TO MARRY
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement:
Homosexual couples have the right to marry one another.

Frequency

2 Agree 832 17.3 %
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

NUMKIDS: WHAT IS IDEAL NUMBER OF KIDS FOR FAMILY

All in all, what do you think is the ideal number of children for a family to have? Please just write a number in the box below.

Frequency
0 - 12 0.2 %
1 - 32 0.7 %
2 - 637 13.2 %
3 - 355 7.4 %
4 - 118 2.4 %
5 - 23 0.5 %
6 - 10 0.2 %
7 Seven or more 2 0.0 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 89 1.8 %
- 688 -
Frequency
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 2.55
• Median: 2.00
• Mode: 2.00
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 7.00

KIDJOY: KIDS ARE LIFE'S GREATEST JOY
Watching children grow up is life's greatest joy.

Frequency

2 Agree 558 11.6 %
4 Disagree 40 0.8 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 5 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

KIDNOFRE: KIDS INTERFERE WITH PARENTS' FREEDOM
- 689 -
Having children interferes too much with the freedom of parents.

Frequency

2 Agree 165 3.4 %
4 Disagree 666 13.8 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

MAWORK14: DID MOM WORK BEFORE R WAS 14 YEARS OLD

Did your mother ever work for pay for as long as one year after you were born and before you were 14?

Frequency
1 Yes 852 17.7 %

2 No 397 8.2 %
3 Didn't live with mom 30 0.6 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 17 0.4 %
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

HUBBYWK1: MEN SHOULD EARN MONEY WOMEN KEEP HOUSE
- 690 -
And, do you agree or disagree . . .
A man's job is to earn money; a woman's job is to look after the home
and family.

Frequency

2 Agree 225 4.7 %
4 Disagree 538 11.2 %
Missing Data
8 Cannot choose 18 0.4 %
9 No answer 7 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

MEOVRWRK: MEN HURT FAMILY WHEN FOCUS ON WORK TOO MUCH
And, do you agree or disagree . . .
Family life often suffers because men concentrate too much on their
work.
Notes: Remarks: In 2002, in HUBBYWK1, the "disagree" category (punch 5) was collapsed into reflect both "disagree" and
"strongly disagree" response options.

Frequency

2 Agree 1467 30.4 %
4 Disagree 951 19.7 %
Missing Data
- 691 -
Frequency
9 No answer 3 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

SINGLPAR: SINGLE PARENTS CAN RAISE KIDS AS WELL AS TWO
Do you agree or disagree . . .
One parent can bring up a child as well as two parents together.

Frequency

2 Agree 504 10.5 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

COHABOK: LIVING TOGETHER AS AN ACCEPTABLE OPTION
Do you agree or disagree . . .
It is alright for a couple to live together without intending to get

married.
- 692 -
Frequency

2 Agree 583 12.1 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 8 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

DIVBEST: DIVORCE AS BEST SOLUTION TO MARITAL PROBLEMS
Do you agree or disagree...
Divorce is usually the best solution when a couple can't seem to work
out their marriage problems.

Frequency

2 Agree 561 11.6 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 8 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00
- 693 -
FAMBUDGT: HOW COUPLES MONITOR BUDGET

How do you and your spouse/partner organize the income that one or both of you receive? Please choose the option that comes
closest.

Frequency
1 I manage, give partner share 111 2.3 %

2 Partner manages, gives me share 90 1.9 %
3 Pool all money, take out what we need 338 7.0 %
4 Pool some money, keep some separate 67 1.4 %
5 Keep money separate 81 1.7 %
6 Not married 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 9 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

LAUNDRY1: WHO IN HOUSEHOLD DOES LAUNDRY
In your household who does the following things...?
Does the laundry?

Frequency
1 Always me 187 3.9 %

2 Usually me 109 2.3 %
3 About equal or both together 176 3.7 %
4 Usually my spouse or partner 123 2.6 %
5 Always my spouse 87 1.8 %
6 Is done by a third person 14 0.3 %
Missing Data
- 694 -
Frequency
9 No answer 2 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 6.00

REPAIRS1: WHO IN HOUSEHOLD DOES SMALL REPAIRS
Makes small repairs around the house?

Frequency
1 Always me 185 3.8 %

Missing Data
9 No answer 2 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 6.00

CARESIK1: WHO IN HOUSEHOLD CARES FOR SICK IN FAMILY
Cares for sick family members?
- 695 -
Frequency
1 Always me 117 2.4 %

Missing Data
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 6.00

SHOP1: WHO IN HOUSEHOLD SHOPS FOR GROCERIES
Shops for groceries?

Frequency
1 Always me 134 2.8 %

Missing Data
9 No answer 3 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
- 696 -
• Maximum: 6.00

COOKING1: WHO IN HOUSEHOLD PREPARES THE MEALS
Prepares the meals?

Frequency
1 Always me 160 3.3 %

Missing Data
9 No answer 3 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 6.00

RHHWORK: HOW MANY HOURS A WEEK DOES R SPEND ON HOUSEHOLD WORK

On average, how many hours a week do you personally spend on household work, not including childcare and leisure time
activities?

Frequency
0 - 46 1.0 %
1 - 65 1.3 %
2 - 108 2.2 %
3 - 101 2.1 %
4 - 110 2.3 %
5 - 136 2.8 %
- 697 -
Frequency
6 - 67 1.4 %
7 - 60 1.2 %
8 - 69 1.4 %
9 - 6 0.1 %
10 - 146 3.0 %
11 - 1 0.0 %
12 - 32 0.7 %
13 - 2 0.0 %
14 - 46 1.0 %
15 - 63 1.3 %
16 - 7 0.1 %
17 - 2 0.0 %
18 - 3 0.1 %
19 - 1 0.0 %
20 - 75 1.6 %
21 - 13 0.3 %
22 - 2 0.0 %
24 - 7 0.1 %
25 - 18 0.4 %
27 - 1 0.0 %
28 - 10 0.2 %
30 - 20 0.4 %
35 - 11 0.2 %
40 - 20 0.4 %
42 - 2 0.0 %
48 - 3 0.1 %
49 - 1 0.0 %
50 - 9 0.2 %
56 - 1 0.0 %
60 - 1 0.0 %
70 - 4 0.1 %
72 - 2 0.0 %
80 - 1 0.0 %
85 - 1 0.0 %
97 97 or more 3 0.1 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 21 0.4 %
- 698 -
Frequency
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 10.24
• Median: 7.00
• Mode: 10.00
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 97.00

SPHHWORK: HOW MANY HOURS A WEEK DOES SPOUSE ON HOUSEHOLD WRK

And what about your spouse/partner? On average, how many hours a week does he/she spend on household work, not including
childcare or leisure time activities?

Frequency
0 - 93 1.9 %
1 - 30 0.6 %
2 - 46 1.0 %
3 - 39 0.8 %
4 - 31 0.6 %
5 - 67 1.4 %
6 - 24 0.5 %
7 - 27 0.6 %
8 - 30 0.6 %
9 - 1 0.0 %
10 - 81 1.7 %
11 - 1 0.0 %
12 - 12 0.2 %
14 - 16 0.3 %
15 - 26 0.5 %
16 - 5 0.1 %
17 - 3 0.1 %
18 - 2 0.0 %
20 - 46 1.0 %
21 - 8 0.2 %
24 - 5 0.1 %
25 - 10 0.2 %
28 - 4 0.1 %
- 699 -
Frequency
30 - 21 0.4 %
35 - 5 0.1 %
36 - 1 0.0 %
40 - 27 0.6 %
50 - 4 0.1 %
55 - 1 0.0 %
56 - 2 0.0 %
60 - 6 0.1 %
70 - 1 0.0 %
72 - 1 0.0 %
80 - 2 0.0 %
84 - 1 0.0 %
86 - 1 0.0 %
97 - 6 0.1 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 10 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 12.10
• Median: 7.00
• Mode: 0.00
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 97.00

HHWKFAIR: SHARING OF HOUSEHOLD WORK BETWEEN R AND SPOUSE

Which of the following best applies to the sharing of household work between you and your spouse/partner?

Frequency
1 I do much more than my fair share of household work 149 3.1 %

2 I do a bit more than my fair share of household work 129 2.7 %
3 I do roughly my fair share of household work 253 5.2 %
4 I do a bit less than my fair share of household work 105 2.2 %
5 I do much less than my fair share of household work 56 1.2 %
Missing Data
- 700 -
Frequency

9 No answer 4 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

DECKIDS: WHO MAKES DECISION ABOUT HOW TO BRING UP CHILDREN

Who usually makes/made the decisions about how to bring up your children?

Frequency
1 Mostly me 233 4.8 %

2 Mostly my spouse 65 1.3 %
3 Sometimes me or sometimes my spouse 96 2.0 %
4 We decide together 481 10.0 %
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

HAPPY7: HOW HAPPY R IS

If you were to consider your life in general, how happy or unhappy would you say you are, on the whole?

Frequency
1 Completely happy 148 3.1 %

2 Very happy 563 11.7 %
3 Fairly happy 440 9.1 %
- 701 -
Frequency
4 Neither happy nor unhappy 77 1.6 %

5 Fairly unhappy 35 0.7 %
6 Very unhappy 16 0.3 %
7 Completely unhappy 5 0.1 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 7 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 7.00

SATJOB7: JOB SATISFACTION IN GENERAL

All things considered, how satisfied are you with your (main) job?

Frequency

4 Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied 54 1.1 %
5 Fairly dissatisfied 40 0.8 %
7 Completely dissatisfied 9 0.2 %
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 7.00

- 702 -
SATFAM7: FAMILY SATISFACTION IN GENERAL
All things considered, how satisfied are you with your family life?

Frequency

4 Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied 72 1.5 %
5 Fairly dissatisfied 41 0.9 %
7 Completely dissatisfied 10 0.2 %
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 7.00

TWOINCS1: BOTH MEN AND WOMEN SHOULD CONTRIBUTE TO INCOME

Do you agree or disagree ... both the husband and the wife should contribute to the household income.

Frequency

2 Agree 572 11.9 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 7 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
- 703 -
• Maximum: 5.00

EARNSHH: HUBBY OR WIFE EARNS MORE DOLLARS

Considering all sources of income, between you and your spouse/partner, who has the higher income?
Notes: Remarks: In 2002, for TWOINCS1 the "disagree" category (punch 4) was collapsed into punch 5 and reflects both
"disagree" and "strongly disagree."

Frequency
1 Spouse has no income 58 1.2 %

2 I have much higher income 112 2.3 %
3 I have higher income 142 2.9 %
4 We have about the same income 55 1.1 %
5 Spouse has a higher income 236 4.9 %
6 Spouse partner has much higher income 54 1.1 %
7 I have no income 34 0.7 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 7 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 7.00

SSFCHILD: SAME SEX FEMALE COUPLE RAISE CHILD AS WELL AS MALE-FEMALE COUPLE
To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following

statements?
A same sex female couple can bring up a child as well as a male-female

couple.

Frequency

2 Agree 451 9.4 %
3 Neither agree or disagree 152 3.2 %
- 704 -
Frequency

Missing Data
8 Don't know 62 1.3 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

SSMCHILD: SAME SEX MALE COUPLE RAISE CHILD AS WELL AS MALE-FEMALE COUPLE

statements?
A same sex male couple can bring up a child as well as a male-female

couple.

Frequency

2 Agree 411 8.5 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 63 1.3 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

- 705 -
KIDFINBU: CHILDREN ARE FINANCIAL BURDEN ON PARENTS

statements?
Children are a financial burden on their parents.

Frequency

2 Agree 288 6.0 %
4 Disagree 515 10.7 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 30 0.6 %
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

KIDJOB: CHILDREN LIMIT EMPLOYMENT AND CAREER OPPORTUNITIES FOR ONE OR BOTH
PARENTS

statements?
Having children restricts the employment and career chances of one or

both parents.

Frequency

2 Agree 381 7.9 %
4 Disagree 492 10.2 %
Missing Data
- 706 -
Frequency

8 Don't know 38 0.8 %
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

KIDSOCST: HAVING CHILDREN INCREASES SOCIAL STANDING IN SOCIETY

statements?
Having children increases people's social standing in society.

Frequency

2 Agree 367 7.6 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 49 1.0 %
9 No answer 5 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

ELDERSUP: ADULT CHILDREN ARE IMPORTANT TO HELP ELDERLY PARENTS

statements?
- 707 -
Adult children are an important source of help for elderly parents.

Frequency

2 Agree 832 17.3 %
4 Disagree 70 1.5 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 20 0.4 %
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

PAIDLV: PAID LEAVE FOR CHILDCARE
Consider a couple who both work full-time and now have a new
born child. One of them stops working for some time to care for their
child.
Do you think there should be paid leave available and, if so, for how
long?

Frequency
1 Yes, enter months 1011 21.0 %

2 No, there should be no paid leave 219 4.5 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 59 1.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
- 708 -
• Maximum: 2.00

PAIDLV1: MONTHS OF PAID LEAVE THAT SHOULD BE AVAILABLE

(IF YES) Months of paid leave that should be available

Frequency
1 - 74 1.5 %
2 - 167 3.5 %
3 - 230 4.8 %
4 - 50 1.0 %
5 - 11 0.2 %
6 - 272 5.6 %
7 - 2 0.0 %
8 - 8 0.2 %
9 - 9 0.2 %
10 - 3 0.1 %
11 - 1 0.0 %
12 - 146 3.0 %
16 - 1 0.0 %
18 - 8 0.2 %
24 - 17 0.4 %
36 - 4 0.1 %
48 - 3 0.1 %
60 - 4 0.1 %
72 - 1 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
99 No answer 13 0.3 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 6.04
• Median: 4.00
• Mode: 6.00
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 72.00

- 709 -
PAIDLVPY: WHO PAYS FOR LEAVE

And who should pay for this leave? The government, the employer, both the government and the employer, or other sources?

Frequency
1 The government 69 1.4 %

2 The employer 359 7.4 %
3 Both government and the employer 489 10.1 %
4 Other sources 53 1.1 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 41 0.9 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

PAIDLVDV: MOTHER OR FATHER PAID LEAVE
Still thinking about the same couple, if both are in a similar

work situation and are eligible for paid leave, how should this paid
leave period be divided between the mother and the father?
Added text: "PAID LEAVE" CAN INCLUDE PAID MATERNITY, PAID PATERNITY,
AND PAID PARENTAL LEAVE.

Frequency
1 The mother should take the entire paid leave period and the father should not take any paid 289 6.0 %
leave
2 The mother should take most of the paid leave period and the father should take some of it 271 5.6 %
3 The mother and the father should each take half of the paid leave period 327 6.8 %
4 The father should take most of the paid leave period and the mother should take some of it 3 0.1 %
5 The father should take the entire paid leave period and the mother should not take any paid 2 0.0 %
leave
Missing Data
8 Don't know 118 2.4 %
- 710 -
Frequency
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

FAMWKBST: BEST WAY TO ORGANIZE FAMILY WORK LIFE WITH UNDER SCHOOL AGE
CHILD
Consider a family with a child under school age. What, in your

opinion, is the best way for them to organize their family and work
life? Should...
Added text: "UNDER SCHOOL AGE" MEANS UNDER AGE OF REGULAR/COMPULSORY

SCHOOL.

Frequency
1 The mother stays at home and the father works full-time 379 7.9 %
2 The mother works part-time and the father works full-time 416 8.6 %
3 Both the mother and father work full-time 113 2.3 %
4 Both the mother and father work part-time 60 1.2 %
5 The father works part-time and the mother works full-time 2 0.0 %
6 The father stays at home and the mother works full-time 7 0.1 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 316 6.6 %
9 No answer 9 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 6.00

FAMWKLST: WORST WAY TO ORGANIZE FAMILY WORK LIFE WITH UNDER SCHOOL AGE
CHILD
- 711 -
And, in your opinion, which of these options would be the least desirable?

Frequency
1 The mother stays at home and the father works full-time 59 1.2 %
2 The mother works part-time and the father works full-time 24 0.5 %
3 Both the mother and father work full-time 378 7.8 %
4 Both the mother and father work part-time 139 2.9 %
5 The father works part-time and the mother works full-time 51 1.1 %
6 The father stays at home and the mother works full-time 391 8.1 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 249 5.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 6.00

CAREPROV: WHO SHOULD PROVIDE CHILDCARE FOR UNDER SCHOOL AGE CHILD
People have different views on childcare for children under school age. Who do you think should primarily provide childcare?

Frequency
1 Family members 623 12.9 %

3 Non-profit organizations (e.g., charitable organizations, churches/religious organizations) 39 0.8 %
4 Private childcare providers (e.g., private day care center, nanny, babysitter) 279 5.8 %
5 Employers 76 1.6 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 191 4.0 %
9 No answer 8 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

- 712 -
CARECOST: WHO SHOULD PAY FOR COSTS OF CARE FOR UNDER SCHOOL AGE CHILD
Who do you think should primarily cover the costs of childcare for children under school age?

Frequency
1 The family 846 17.6 %

2 The government/public funds 167 3.5 %
3 The employers 73 1.5 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 208 4.3 %
9 No answer 8 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

ELDHELP: WHO SHOULD PROVIDE HELP FOR ELDERLY
Thinking about elderly people who need some help in their

everyday lives, such as help with grocery shopping, cleaning the
house, doing the laundry etc.
Who do you think should primarily provide this help?

Frequency
1 Family members 763 15.8 %

3 Non-profit organizations (e.g., charitable organizations, churches/religious organizations) 95 2.0 %
4 Private providers of this kind of help 107 2.2 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 140 2.9 %
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 713 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

ELDCOST: WHO SHOULD PAY FOR HELP FOR ELDERLY

And who do you think should primarily cover the costs of this help to these elderly people?

Frequency
1 The elderly people themselves or their family 567 11.8 %

2 The government/public funds 482 10.0 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 247 5.1 %
9 No answer 6 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

HHCLEAN1: WHO DOES HOUSEHOLD CLEANING
In your household who does the following things...? Is it

always you, usually you, about equal or both together, usually your
[spouse/partner], always your [spouse/partner], or by a third person?
Does the household cleaning?

Frequency
1 Always me 165 3.4 %

4 Usually my {#spousepartfill} 116 2.4 %
5 Always my {#spousepartfill} 55 1.1 %
Missing Data
- 714 -
Frequency
9 No answer 3 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 6.00

WKNDACT: WHO DECIDES WEEKEND ACTIVITIES

When you and your [spouse/partner] make decisions about choosing shared weekend activities, who has the final say?

Frequency
1 Mostly me 101 2.1 %

2 Mostly my {#spousepartfill} 73 1.5 %
3 Sometimes me/sometimes my {#spousepartfill} 157 3.3 %
4 We decide together 362 7.5 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 4 0.1 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

TIREDHM1: HOW OFTEN TOO TIRED TO DO HOUSEWORK
How often has each of the following happened to you during the
past three months?
You have come home from work too tired to do the chores which need to
be done.
- 715 -
Frequency
0 Doesn't apply/no job 412 8.5 %

3 Once or twice 252 5.2 %
4 Never 164 3.4 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 8 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 4.00

JOBVSFA1: HOW OFTEN JOB TAKES TOO MUCH TIME TO FULFILL FAMILY
RESPONSIBILITIES
past three months?
It has been difficult for you to fulfil your family responsibilities

because of the amount of time you spent on your job.

Frequency

4 Never 366 7.6 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 8 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 716 -
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 4.00

TIREDWK1: HOW OFTEN TOO TIRED FROM HOUSEWORK TO DO JOB WELL
past three months?
You have arrived at work too tired to function well because of the
household work you had done.

Frequency

4 Never 609 12.6 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 8 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 4.00

FAMVSWK1: HOW OFTEN DIFFICULT TO CONCENTRATE AT WORK BECAUSE FAMILY

RESPONSIBILITIES
past three months?
You have found it difficult to concentrate at work because of your

family responsibilities.

Frequency
- 717 -
Frequency

4 Never 510 10.6 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 8 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 4.00

WKKIDSCL: DID R WORK OUTSIDE HOME WITH CHILD UNDER SCHOOL AGE
Did you work outside the home full-time, part-time, or not at

all...
When a child was under school age?

Frequency
1 Worked full-time 615 12.8 %

2 Worked part-time 121 2.5 %
3 Stayed at home 147 3.0 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 39 0.8 %
9 No answer 8 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

- 718 -
WKYNGSCL: DID R WORK OUTSIDE HOME AFTER CHILD STARTED SCHOOL
Did you work outside the home full-time, part-time, or not at

all...
After the youngest child started school?

Frequency

Missing Data
8 Don't know 100 2.1 %
9 No answer 8 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

WKKIDSCS: DID PARTNER WORK OUTSIDE HOME WITH CHILD UNDER SCHOOL AGE
What about your [spouse/partner] at that time - did [he/she]

work outside the home full-time, part-time, or not at all...
When a child was under school age?

Frequency

Missing Data
8 Don't know 95 2.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 719 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

WKYNGSCS: DID PARTNER WORK OUTSIDE HOME AFTER CHILD STARTED SCHOOL
What about your [spouse/partner] at that time - did [he/she]

work outside the home full-time, part-time, or not at all...
After the youngest child started school?

Frequency

Missing Data
8 Don't know 189 3.9 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

RFAMLOOK: HOURS R SPENDS LOOKING AFTER FAMILY MEMBERS

On average, how many hours a week do you spend looking after family members (e.g. children, elderly, ill or disabled family
members)?

Frequency
0 - 543 11.3 %
1 1 hour 28 0.6 %
2 - 44 0.9 %
3 - 27 0.6 %
4 - 37 0.8 %
5 - 34 0.7 %
6 - 21 0.4 %
7 - 10 0.2 %
- 720 -
Frequency
8 - 39 0.8 %
9 - 5 0.1 %
10 - 49 1.0 %
12 - 21 0.4 %
14 - 11 0.2 %
15 - 29 0.6 %
16 - 7 0.1 %
18 - 2 0.0 %
20 - 46 1.0 %
21 - 2 0.0 %
24 - 23 0.5 %
25 - 18 0.4 %
26 - 3 0.1 %
28 - 5 0.1 %
30 - 24 0.5 %
31 - 1 0.0 %
32 - 3 0.1 %
35 - 9 0.2 %
36 - 3 0.1 %
38 - 1 0.0 %
40 - 50 1.0 %
42 - 5 0.1 %
45 - 3 0.1 %
48 - 6 0.1 %
49 - 3 0.1 %
50 - 19 0.4 %
53 - 1 0.0 %
55 - 2 0.0 %
56 - 2 0.0 %
60 - 25 0.5 %
63 - 2 0.0 %
64 - 1 0.0 %
68 - 2 0.0 %
69 - 1 0.0 %
70 - 13 0.3 %
72 - 6 0.1 %
73 - 2 0.0 %
74 - 1 0.0 %
75 - 4 0.1 %
- 721 -
Frequency
78 - 1 0.0 %
80 - 14 0.3 %
84 - 4 0.1 %
90 - 1 0.0 %
91 - 1 0.0 %
95 - 2 0.0 %
96 - 2 0.0 %
97 97 hours or more 81 1.7 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 18.29
• Median: 4.00
• Mode: 0.00
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 97.00

SPFALOOK: HOURS SPOUSE SPENDS LOOKING AFTER FAMILY MEMBERS

And on average, how many hours a week does he/she spend looking after family members (e.g. children, elderly, ill or disabled
family members)?

Frequency
0 - 227 4.7 %
1 1 hour 21 0.4 %
2 - 25 0.5 %
3 - 7 0.1 %
4 - 17 0.4 %
5 - 29 0.6 %
6 - 8 0.2 %
7 - 9 0.2 %
8 - 11 0.2 %
9 - 1 0.0 %
10 - 36 0.7 %
- 722 -
Frequency
12 - 11 0.2 %
13 - 2 0.0 %
14 - 4 0.1 %
15 - 26 0.5 %
16 - 4 0.1 %
17 - 2 0.0 %
18 - 1 0.0 %
20 - 47 1.0 %
21 - 6 0.1 %
24 - 8 0.2 %
25 - 13 0.3 %
26 - 1 0.0 %
28 - 3 0.1 %
30 - 26 0.5 %
32 - 1 0.0 %
35 - 4 0.1 %
36 - 2 0.0 %
40 - 40 0.8 %
45 - 3 0.1 %
48 - 2 0.0 %
50 - 17 0.4 %
56 - 4 0.1 %
60 - 11 0.2 %
65 - 2 0.0 %
70 - 8 0.2 %
72 - 3 0.1 %
75 - 1 0.0 %
78 - 1 0.0 %
80 - 6 0.1 %
84 - 3 0.1 %
96 - 1 0.0 %
97 97 hours or more 45 0.9 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 723 -
• Mean: 20.21
• Median: 8.00
• Mode: 0.00
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 97.00

SPLIVE: HOW LONG BEEN LIVING WITH SPOUSE

How long have you and your spouse/steady partner been living together?

Frequency
0 - 1 0.0 %
1 1 year 5 0.1 %
2 - 13 0.3 %
3 - 15 0.3 %
4 - 18 0.4 %
5 - 20 0.4 %
6 - 22 0.5 %
7 - 25 0.5 %
8 - 24 0.5 %
9 - 15 0.3 %
10 - 18 0.4 %
11 - 13 0.3 %
12 - 25 0.5 %
13 - 23 0.5 %
14 - 10 0.2 %
15 - 18 0.4 %
16 - 12 0.2 %
17 - 10 0.2 %
18 - 14 0.3 %
19 - 10 0.2 %
20 - 17 0.4 %
21 - 10 0.2 %
22 - 9 0.2 %
23 - 7 0.1 %
24 - 6 0.1 %
25 - 11 0.2 %
26 - 13 0.3 %
27 - 9 0.2 %
- 724 -
Frequency
28 - 9 0.2 %
29 - 5 0.1 %
30 - 14 0.3 %
31 - 6 0.1 %
32 - 7 0.1 %
33 - 9 0.2 %
34 - 6 0.1 %
35 - 8 0.2 %
36 - 7 0.1 %
37 - 5 0.1 %
38 - 4 0.1 %
39 - 7 0.1 %
40 - 5 0.1 %
41 - 6 0.1 %
42 - 5 0.1 %
43 - 3 0.1 %
44 - 3 0.1 %
45 - 2 0.0 %
46 - 5 0.1 %
47 - 5 0.1 %
48 - 6 0.1 %
49 - 3 0.1 %
50 - 7 0.1 %
51 - 4 0.1 %
52 - 5 0.1 %
53 - 5 0.1 %
55 - 3 0.1 %
56 - 5 0.1 %
57 - 1 0.0 %
58 - 3 0.1 %
59 - 3 0.1 %
61 - 1 0.0 %
63 - 1 0.0 %
64 - 2 0.0 %
68 - 1 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 2 0.0 %
- 725 -
Frequency
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 21.20
• Median: 17.00
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 68.00

BOSSEMPS: QUALITY OF MANAGEMENT-EMPLOYEE RELATIONS: RS FIRM

In general, how would you describe relations at your workplace between management and employees?

Frequency
1 Very good 350 7.3 %

2 Quite good 446 9.3 %
3 Neither 254 5.3 %
4 Quite bad 56 1.2 %
5 Very bad 13 0.3 %
Missing Data
0 No ISSP 3641 75.5 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

LOCALNUM: NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES: RS WORK SITE

About how many people work at the location where you work? Count part-time as well as full-time employees in all areas,
departments, and buildings.
Notes: Remarks: In 1991 this question was asked of all employed respondents as part of the Work Organization Module (Qs.
GENEJOB-SPLOCNUM). While a screener question was used in 1989, it was not used in 1991. Additionally in 1991, respondents
were given the hand card used with SPLOCNUM In subsequent surveys, this question has been asked as it was in 1991. In 1989,
it was asked of those whose employers have more than one physical location.
- 726 -
Frequency
1 1-9 751 15.6 %

2 10-49 628 13.0 %
3 50-99 333 6.9 %
4 100-499 574 11.9 %
5 500-999 162 3.4 %
6 1,000-1,999 121 2.5 %
7 2,000+ 253 5.2 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 22 0.5 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 7.00

HAPORNOT: HAPPY OR UNHAPPY WITH LIFE TODAY

Frequency
1 Completely happy 173 3.6 %

2 Very happy 612 12.7 %
3 Fairly happy 597 12.4 %
4 Neither happy nor unhappy 88 1.8 %
5 Fairly unhappy 50 1.0 %
6 Very unhappy 20 0.4 %
7 Completely uhappy 4 0.1 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 7.00

- 727 -
CONSCHLS: CONFIDENCE IN SCHOOLS AND EDUCATION SYSTEM
How much confidence do you have in. . .
Schools and the educational system
Notes: Remarks: See GSS Methodological Report No. 80.

Frequency
1 Complete confidence 74 1.5 %

2 A great deal of confidence 299 6.2 %
3 Some confidence 851 17.7 %
4 Very little confidence 262 5.4 %
5 No confidence at all 52 1.1 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 12 0.2 %
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

BUSGRN: U.S. BUSINESS TO PROTECT ENVIRONMENT

Which of these approaches do you think would be the best way of getting business and industry in America to protect the
environment?
Notes: Remarks: Card B13 contained responses 1-3.

Frequency
1 Heavy fines for businesses that damage the environment 190 3.9 %
2 Use the tax system to reward businesses that protect the environment 116 2.4 %
3 More information and education for businesses about the advantages of protecting the 137 2.8 %
environment
Missing Data
8 Don't know 58 1.2 %
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 728 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

PEOPGRN: HOW GET PEOPLE TO PROTECT ENVIRONMENT

Which of these approaches do you think would be the best way of getting people and their families in America to protect the
environment?

Frequency
1 Heavy fines for people who damage the environment 55 1.1 %

2 Use the tax system to reward people who protect the environment 111 2.3 %
3 More information and education for people about the advantages of protecting the 290 6.0 %
environment
Missing Data
8 Don't know 45 0.9 %
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

KNWCAUSE: KNOW CAUSES OF ENVIRONMENT ISSUES

How much do you feel you know about the causes of these sorts of environmental problems? Please tell me what you think, where
1 indicates you feel you know nothing at all and 5 indicates you feel you know a great deal.

Frequency
1 Know nothing at all 59 1.2 %

2 - 117 2.4 %
3 - 194 4.0 %
4 - 80 1.7 %
5 Know a great deal 34 0.7 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 17 0.4 %
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
- 729 -
Frequency
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 2.82
• Median: 3.00
• Mode: 3.00
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

KNOWSOL: KNOW SOLUTIONS TO ENVIROMENT ISSUES

And how much do you feel you know about solutions to these sorts of environmental problems? Please tell me what you think,
where 1 indicates you feel you know nothing at all and 5 indicates you feel you know a great deal.

Frequency
1 Know nothing at all 106 2.2 %

2 - 156 3.2 %
3 - 161 3.3 %
4 - 35 0.7 %
5 Know a great deal 24 0.5 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 19 0.4 %
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 2.41
• Median: 2.00
• Mode: 3.00
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

GRNCON: CONCERNED ABOUT ENVIRONMENT

Generally speaking, how concerned are you about environmental issues? Please tell me what you think, where 1 means you are
not at all concerned and 5 means you are very concerned.
- 730 -

Frequency
1 Not at all concerned 28 0.6 %

2 - 33 0.7 %
3 - 133 2.8 %
4 - 139 2.9 %
5 Very concerned 156 3.2 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 12 0.2 %
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 3.74
• Median: 4.00
• Mode: 5.00
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

ENPRBUS: MOST IMPORTANT ENVIRONMENT PROBLEM

Here is a list of some different environmental problems. Which problem, if any, do you think is the most important for America as a
whole?

Frequency
1 Air pollution 79 1.6 %

2 Chemicals and pesticides 50 1.0 %
3 Water shortage 33 0.7 %
4 Water pollution 66 1.4 %
5 Nuclear waste 31 0.6 %
6 Domestic waste disposal 23 0.5 %
7 Climate change 49 1.0 %
8 Genetically modified foods 21 0.4 %
9 Using up our natural resources 74 1.5 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 67 1.4 %
- 731 -
Frequency
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 10.00

ENPRBFAM: PROBLEM EFFECT FAMILY MOST

Which problem, if any, affects you and your family the most?

Frequency
1 Air pollution 117 2.4 %

2 Chemicals and pesticides 55 1.1 %
3 Water shortage 20 0.4 %
4 Water pollution 38 0.8 %
5 Nuclear waste 10 0.2 %
6 Domestic waste disposal 18 0.4 %
7 Climate change 32 0.7 %
8 Genetically modified foods 40 0.8 %
9 Using up our natural resources 42 0.9 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 71 1.5 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 10.00

INFOBIZ: R TRUST BUSINESS FOR POLLUTION INFORMATION
How much trust do you have in each of the following groups to

give you correct information about causes of pollution?
- 732 -
Business and Industry. Would you say . . .

Frequency
1 A great deal of trust 7 0.1 %

2 Quite a lot of trust 20 0.4 %
3 Some trust 131 2.7 %
4 Not much trust 200 4.1 %
5 Hardly any trust 124 2.6 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 19 0.4 %
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

INFOGRN: R TRUST ENVIONMENT GROUPS FOR POLLUTION INFORMATION
(How much trust do you have in each of the following groups to

give you correct information about causes of pollution?)
Environmental Groups.

Frequency

Missing Data
8 Don't know 14 0.3 %
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
- 733 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

INFOGOVT: R TRUST GOVERNMENT FOR POLLUTION INFORMATION

Government Departments.

Frequency

Missing Data
8 Don't know 14 0.3 %
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

INFONEWS: R TRUST NEWSPAPERS FOR POLLUTION INFORMATION

Newspapers.

Frequency

- 734 -
Frequency

Missing Data
8 Don't know 23 0.5 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

INFOTV: R TRUST RADIO OR TV FOR POLLUTION INFORMATION

Radio or TV Programs.

Frequency

Missing Data
8 Don't know 16 0.3 %
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

INFOCOL: R TRUST UNIVERSITIES FOR POLLUTION INFORMATION
- 735 -
University Research Centers.

Frequency

Missing Data
8 Don't know 21 0.4 %
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

TOODIFME: TOO DIFFICULT TO DO ANYTHING ABOUT ENVIRONMENT
How much do you agree or disagree with each of these

statements?
It is just too difficult for someone like me to do much about the

environment.

Frequency

2 Agree 99 2.1 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 13 0.3 %
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
- 736 -
Frequency
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

IHLPGRN: DO WHAT I CAN TO HELP ENVIRONMENT
(How much do you agree or disagree with each of these

statements?)
I do what is right for the environment, even when it costs more money
or takes more time.

Frequency

2 Agree 249 5.2 %
4 Disagree 70 1.5 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 16 0.3 %
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

GRNSIGN: SIGN PETITION ON ENVIRONMENT ISSUE
In the last five years, have you...
...signed a petition about an environmental issue?
- 737 -
Frequency
1 Yes, I have 116 2.4 %

2 No, I have not 377 7.8 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 1 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

GRNMONEY: GIVE MONEY TO ENVIRONMENT GROUP
...given money to an environmental group?

Frequency
1 Yes, I have 97 2.0 %

2 No, I have not 398 8.3 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

GRNDEMO: PROTESTED FOR ENVIRONMENT ISSUE
...taken part in a protest or demonstration about an environmental
- 738 -
issue?
Notes: Remarks: The "yes" responses are overestimated on the GRNMONEY variable in 1993. This variable should be used with
caution. For details, see GSS Methodological Report No. 78.

Frequency
1 Yes, I have 10 0.2 %

2 No, I have not 491 10.2 %
Missing Data
9 No answer 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

LETIN1: NUMBER OF IMMIGRANTS TO AMERICA NOWADAYS SHOULD BE

Do you think the number of immigrants to America nowadays should be...

Frequency
1 Increased a lot 130 2.7 %

2 Increased a little 291 6.0 %
3 Remain the same as it is 1198 24.9 %
4 Reduced a little 789 16.4 %
5 Reduced a lot 746 15.5 %
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

- 739 -
PARTNERS: HOW MANY SEX PARTNERS R HAD IN LAST YEAR
How many sex partners have you had in the last 12 months?
Notes: Remarks: This question appeared only on Form 1 in 1991. A variant of this question, PARTOPEN, was asked on Form 2 in
1991.

Frequency
0 No partners 405 8.4 %

1 1 partner 1068 22.2 %
2 2 partners 109 2.3 %
3 3 partners 57 1.2 %
4 4 partners 34 0.7 %
5 5-10 partners 23 0.5 %
6 11-20 partners 5 0.1 %
7 21-100 partners 4 0.1 %
8 More than 100 partners 0 0.0 %
9 1 or more, don't know # 18 0.4 %
95 Several 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
99 No answer 13 0.3 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 9.00

MATESEX: WAS 1 OF RS PARTNERS SPOUSE OR REGULAR

Was one of the partners your husband or wife or regular sex partner?

Frequency
1 Yes 1193 24.8 %

2 No 106 2.2 %
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
- 740 -
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

FRNDSEX: R HAD SEX WITH FRIEND LAST YEAR
If you had other partners, please indicate all categories that

apply to them.
Close personal friend

Frequency
1 Had sex with friend 173 3.6 %

2 Not selected 98 2.0 %
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

ACQNTSEX: R HAD SEX WITH ACQUAINTANCE LAST YEAR

apply to them.
Neighbor, Co-worker, or long-term acquaintance

Frequency
1 Sex with acquaintance 118 2.4 %

Missing Data
- 741 -
Frequency
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

PIKUPSEX: R HAD SEX WITH CASUAL DATE LAST YEAR

apply to them.
Casual date or pick-up

Frequency
1 Had sex with pick-up 105 2.2 %

Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

PAIDSEX: R HAD SEX FOR PAY LAST YEAR

apply to them.
Person you paid or paid you for sex

Frequency
1 Had sex for pay 11 0.2 %
- 742 -
Frequency

Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

OTHERSEX: R HAD SEX WITH SOME OTHER LAST YEAR

apply to them.
Other (PLEASE SPECIFY)

Frequency
1 Had sex with other 10 0.2 %

Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

SEXSEX: SEX OF SEX PARTNERS IN LAST YEAR

Have your sex partners in the last 12 months been...
- 743 -
Frequency
1 Exclusively male 700 14.5 %

2 Both male and female 18 0.4 %
3 Exclusively female 592 12.3 %
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

SEXFREQ: FREQUENCY OF SEX DURING LAST YEAR

About how often did you have sex during the past 12 months?
Notes: Remarks: This question appeared on only form 1 in 1990. Variants of this question, SEXFREQ1 and SEXFREQ2, were
asked on form 2 in 1990 In 2012 only, the SEXFREQ question was skipped if the respondent answered "No partner" on the
PARTNERS question.

Frequency
0 Not at all 35 0.7 %

3 2-3 times a month 255 5.3 %
4 Weekly 215 4.5 %
5 2-3 per week 283 5.9 %
6 4+ per week 112 2.3 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 26 0.5 %
9 No answer 109 2.3 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 6.00

- 744 -
NUMWOMEN: NUMBER OF FEMALE SEX PARTNERS SINCE 18
Now thinking about the time since your 18th birthday, (again, including the recent past that you have already told us about) how
many female partners have you ever had sex with?
Notes: Remarks: NUMWOMEN and NUMMEN code exact number of partners in PARTNERS.

Frequency
0 - 888 18.4 %
1 - 150 3.1 %
2 - 60 1.2 %
3 - 61 1.3 %
4 - 52 1.1 %
5 - 51 1.1 %
6 - 37 0.8 %
7 - 26 0.5 %
8 - 23 0.5 %
9 - 14 0.3 %
10 - 48 1.0 %
11 - 3 0.1 %
12 - 17 0.4 %
13 - 3 0.1 %
14 - 2 0.0 %
15 - 26 0.5 %
16 - 2 0.0 %
17 - 1 0.0 %
18 - 3 0.1 %
19 - 1 0.0 %
20 - 32 0.7 %
21 - 2 0.0 %
22 - 1 0.0 %
23 - 1 0.0 %
24 - 1 0.0 %
25 - 9 0.2 %
28 - 1 0.0 %
30 - 14 0.3 %
32 - 2 0.0 %
34 - 1 0.0 %
35 - 5 0.1 %
40 - 12 0.2 %
45 - 3 0.1 %
50 - 11 0.2 %
52 - 1 0.0 %
- 745 -
Frequency
55 - 1 0.0 %
60 - 1 0.0 %
65 - 1 0.0 %
70 - 1 0.0 %
73 - 1 0.0 %
74 - 1 0.0 %
75 - 3 0.1 %
86 - 1 0.0 %
87 - 1 0.0 %
90 - 1 0.0 %
100 - 8 0.2 %
150 - 1 0.0 %
222 - 1 0.0 %
250 - 1 0.0 %
989 989 or higher 3 0.1 %
990 Dash or slash 0 0.0 %
991 Some, 1+ 4 0.1 %
992 X 0 0.0 %
993 Garbled text 1 0.0 %
994 Several 0 0.0 %
995 Many, lots 2 0.0 %
996 N.A. 2 0.0 %
997 Refused 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
998 Don't know 50 1.0 %
999 No answer 87 1.8 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 12.54
• Median: 0.00
• Mode: 0.00
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 996.00

NUMMEN: NUMBER OF MALE SEX PARTNERS SINCE 18
- 746 -
Again, thinking about the time since your 18th birthday, (including the recent past that you have already told us about) how many
male partners have you ever had sex with?
Notes: Remarks: NUMWOMEN and NUMMEN code exact number of partners in PARTNERS. The numbers above are for
convenience of display only.

Frequency
0 - 715 14.8 %
1 - 253 5.2 %
2 - 113 2.3 %
3 - 102 2.1 %
4 - 80 1.7 %
5 - 70 1.5 %
6 - 39 0.8 %
7 - 21 0.4 %
8 - 23 0.5 %
9 - 13 0.3 %
10 - 46 1.0 %
11 - 3 0.1 %
12 - 16 0.3 %
14 - 1 0.0 %
15 - 19 0.4 %
17 - 2 0.0 %
18 - 3 0.1 %
19 - 1 0.0 %
20 - 17 0.4 %
21 - 2 0.0 %
22 - 2 0.0 %
24 - 1 0.0 %
25 - 12 0.2 %
28 - 2 0.0 %
30 - 8 0.2 %
33 - 1 0.0 %
35 - 1 0.0 %
40 - 4 0.1 %
45 - 1 0.0 %
50 - 5 0.1 %
60 - 2 0.0 %
75 - 1 0.0 %
80 - 1 0.0 %
84 - 1 0.0 %
100 - 1 0.0 %
120 - 1 0.0 %
- 747 -
Frequency
200 - 2 0.0 %
300 - 2 0.0 %
989 989 or higher 1 0.0 %
990 Dash or slash 0 0.0 %
991 Some, 1+ 22 0.5 %
992 X 0 0.0 %
993 Garbled text 1 0.0 %
994 Several 1 0.0 %
995 Many, lots 4 0.1 %
996 N.A. 1 0.0 %
997 Refused 1 0.0 %
Missing Data
998 Don't know 30 0.6 %
999 No answer 88 1.8 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 22.95
• Median: 1.00
• Mode: 0.00
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 997.00

PARTNRS5: HOW MANY SEX PARTNERS R HAD IN LAST 5 YEARS
Now thinking about the past five years--the time since

February/March 2007, and including the past 12 months.
How many sex partners have you had in that five year period?
Notes: Remarks: This question appears on only Form 1 in 1991. A similar question, PARTOPN5, appears on Form 2 in 1991.

Frequency
0 No partners 245 5.1 %

1 1 partner 898 18.6 %
2 2 partners 170 3.5 %
3 3 partners 94 2.0 %
4 4 partners 69 1.4 %
- 748 -
Frequency
5 5-10 partners 121 2.5 %

6 11-20 partners 34 0.7 %
7 21-100 partners 13 0.3 %
8 More than 100 partners 4 0.1 %
9 1 or more, don't know # 60 1.2 %
95 Several 0 0.0 %
Missing Data
98 Don't know 0 0.0 %
99 No answer 28 0.6 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 9.00

SEXSEX5: SEX OF SEX PARTNERS LAST FIVE YEARS

Have your sex partners in the last five years been...

Frequency
1 Exclusively male 758 15.7 %

2 Both male and female 36 0.7 %
3 Exclusively female 654 13.6 %
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

EVPAIDSX: EVER HAVE SEX PAID FOR OR BEING PAID SINCE 18

Thinking about the time since your 18th birthday, have you ever had sex with a person you paid or who paid you for sex?
- 749 -
Frequency
1 Yes 114 2.4 %

2 No 1586 32.9 %
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

EVSTRAY: HAVE SEX OTHER THAN SPOUSE WHILE MARRIED

Have you ever had sex with someone other than your husband or wife while you were married?

Frequency
1 Yes 213 4.4 %

2 No 1003 20.8 %
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 3.00

CONDOM: USED CONDOM LAST TIME

The last time you had sex, was a condom used? By "sex" we mean vaginal, oral or anal sex.

Frequency
1 Used last time 360 7.5 %

2 Not used 1282 26.6 %
- 750 -
Frequency
Missing Data
8 Don't know 12 0.2 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

RELATSEX: RELATION TO LAST SEX PARTNER

The last time you had sex, was it with someone you were in an on-going relationship with, or was it with someone else? Remember
that by 'sex' we mean only vaginal, oral or anal sex.

Frequency
1 Yes, in relationship 1476 30.6 %

2 No, no relationship 173 3.6 %
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

EVIDU: R EVER INJECT DRUGS

Have you ever, even once, taken any drugs by injection with a needle (like heroin, cocaine, amphetamines, or steroids) . . . DO
NOT include anything you took under a doctor's orders.

Frequency
1 Yes 42 0.9 %
2 No 1661 34.5 %
Missing Data
- 751 -
Frequency

Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

IDU30: R INJECT DRUGS IN PAST 30 DAYS

How long has it been since you last used a needle to inject drugs?

Frequency
1 Within the past 30 days 4 0.1 %

2 More than 30 days ago but within the past 12 months 2 0.0 %
3 More than 12 months ago but within the past 3 years 2 0.0 %
4 More than 3 years ago 33 0.7 %
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

EVCRACK: R EVER USE CRACK COCAINE

Have you ever, even once, used "crack" cocaine in chunk or rock form?

Frequency
1 Yes 103 2.1 %

2 No 1605 33.3 %
Missing Data
- 752 -
Frequency

Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

CRACK30: R LAST USE CRACK COCAINE

How long has it been since you last used "crack" cocaine in chunk or rock form?

Frequency
1 Within the past 30 days 2 0.0 %

2 More than 30 days ago but within the past 12 months 4 0.1 %
3 More than 12 months ago but within the past 3 years 10 0.2 %
4 More than 3 years ago 86 1.8 %
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 4.00

HIVTEST: HAVE YOU EVER BEEN TESTED FOR HIV
Have you ever been tested for HIV?
Do not count tests you may have had as part of a blood donation.
Include oral test (where they take a swab from your mouth.)

Frequency
1 Yes 699 14.5 %
- 753 -
Frequency
2 No 996 20.7 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 15 0.3 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 2.00

HIVTEST1: IN WHAT MONTH AND YEAR WAS YOUR LAST HIV TEST
Not including blood donations, in what month and year was your last HIV test?

Frequency
198001 January 1980 0 0.0 %

198007 - 1 0.0 %
198010 - 1 0.0 %
198098 - 1 0.0 %
198099 No answer 1980 0 0.0 %
198210 - 1 0.0 %
198299 No answer 1982 0 0.0 %
198398 - 1 0.0 %
198404 - 1 0.0 %
198502 - 1 0.0 %
198503 March 1985 0 0.0 %
198506 - 1 0.0 %
198599 No answer 1985 1 0.0 %
198605 - 1 0.0 %
198606 - 2 0.0 %
198698 Don't know 1986 0 0.0 %
198699 No answer 1986 0 0.0 %
198705 - 1 0.0 %
198706 - 1 0.0 %
198799 No answer 1987 1 0.0 %
198808 - 1 0.0 %
198812 - 1 0.0 %
- 754 -
Frequency
198901 - 1 0.0 %
198906 - 2 0.0 %
198912 - 1 0.0 %
198998 - 2 0.0 %
198999 No answer 1989 0 0.0 %
199002 - 1 0.0 %
199003 - 3 0.1 %
199005 - 2 0.0 %
199006 June 1990 1 0.0 %
199098 Don't know 1990 1 0.0 %
199099 No answer 1990 1 0.0 %
199105 - 1 0.0 %
199109 - 1 0.0 %
199111 - 1 0.0 %
199198 Don't know 1991 0 0.0 %
199199 No answer 1991 0 0.0 %
199205 - 1 0.0 %
199206 - 2 0.0 %
199209 - 1 0.0 %
199298 Don't know 1992 2 0.0 %
199299 No answer 1992 0 0.0 %
199301 - 1 0.0 %
199306 - 1 0.0 %
199398 Don't know 1993 0 0.0 %
199399 No answer 1993 0 0.0 %
199406 - 2 0.0 %
199407 - 1 0.0 %
199408 - 2 0.0 %
199409 - 1 0.0 %
199411 - 1 0.0 %
199498 Don't know 1994 2 0.0 %
199499 No answer 1994 0 0.0 %
199506 - 2 0.0 %
199508 - 1 0.0 %
199509 September 1995 1 0.0 %
199598 Don't know 1995 3 0.1 %
199599 No answer 1995 0 0.0 %
199604 - 1 0.0 %
199605 - 2 0.0 %
- 755 -
Frequency
199606 - 3 0.1 %
199607 - 1 0.0 %
199612 - 1 0.0 %
199698 Don't know 1996 0 0.0 %
199699 No answer 1996 0 0.0 %
199701 - 1 0.0 %
199704 - 1 0.0 %
199706 - 2 0.0 %
199707 - 1 0.0 %
199708 - 1 0.0 %
199711 - 1 0.0 %
199712 - 1 0.0 %
199798 Don't know 1997 1 0.0 %
199799 No answer 1997 0 0.0 %
199801 - 1 0.0 %
199805 - 1 0.0 %
199806 - 3 0.1 %
199808 - 2 0.0 %
199809 - 1 0.0 %
199898 Don't know 1998 2 0.0 %
199899 No answer 1998 0 0.0 %
199904 - 1 0.0 %
199905 - 1 0.0 %
199907 - 1 0.0 %
199908 - 1 0.0 %
199909 - 2 0.0 %
199911 - 2 0.0 %
199998 Don't know 1999 2 0.0 %
199999 No answer 1999 1 0.0 %
200001 - 4 0.1 %
200002 - 1 0.0 %
200004 - 4 0.1 %
200005 - 4 0.1 %
200006 - 4 0.1 %
200007 - 1 0.0 %
200008 - 1 0.0 %
200011 - 1 0.0 %
200098 Don't know 2000 2 0.0 %
200099 No answer 2000 0 0.0 %
- 756 -
Frequency
Missing Data
999898 Don't know 40 0.8 %
999999 No answer 36 0.7 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 200640.76
• Median: 200909.00
• Mode: 201108.00
• Minimum: 198007.00
• Maximum: 201208.00

HIVTEST2: WHERE DID YOU HAVE YOUR LAST HIV TEST

Where did you have your last HIV test - at a private doctor or HMO office, at a counseling and testing site, at a hospital, at a clinic,
in a jail or prison, at home, or somewhere else?

Frequency
1 Private doctor or HMO office 343 7.1 %

2 Counseling and testing site 25 0.5 %
3 Hospital 106 2.2 %
4 Clinic 159 3.3 %
5 Jail or prison 11 0.2 %
6 Home 9 0.2 %
7 Somewhere else 39 0.8 %
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 7.00

- 757 -
DRINK4: HOW OFTEN DRINK 4 OR MORE ON SAME DAY

Frequency
1 Never 919 19.1 %

5 Daily 28 0.6 %
Missing Data
8 Don't know 13 0.3 %
9 No answer 2 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 5.00

ISSP: FILTER FOR ISSP CASES

Status on International Social Survey Program Self-Completion Supplement.
Notes: Remarks: In 2004 two ISSP modules were asked on versions 4-6 and none on versions 1-3. The Citizenship module
(FINDJOB-WKTENURE) was interviewer administered and as such there was no self-completion non-response. The National
Identity module (CLSENEI-SCITESTY, SPWRKGVT) was self-administered in the usual ISSP . manner. The ISSP variable in 2004
refers to the outcome for the National Identity module. In 2006 the ISSP was not a self-completion supplement. The "did not do
ISSP" category in 2006 has no cases in it.

Frequency
1 Did ISSP 4820 100.0 %

2 Didn't do ISSP 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 1.00

- 758 -
FORMWT: WEIGHT DEAL WITH EXPERIMENTAL RANDOMIZATION
Weight for form variables.
This weight in FORMWT should be used whenever any of the forms comparisons are being analyzed.
See Appendix A for an explanation of the weight.

Frequency
1 - 4820 100.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 1.00
• Median: 1.00
• Mode: 1.00
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 1.00

SAMPCODE: SAMPLING ERROR CODE
SAMPLING ERROR CODE.

The "Sampling Error Code" in SAMPCODE is provided for the convenience of persons who wish to study
within-cluster and between-cluster variations in the GSS. Values of the code range from 101 to 218
and 301 to 384. Values 101 to 201 represent one of the primary sampling units (PSUs) in the 1970
NORC National Sampling Frame. Values 202 and 218 represent the 17 PSUs in the 1980 black sample
frame. Values 301 and 384 represent the 1980 NORC National Sample Frame. Values 1-100 represent the
1990 NORC National Sample Frame. Values of 501-579 represent the 2000 NORC National Sample Frame.
Codes are assigned so that one can obtain properly stratified subsamples of the PSUs by taking
every second (or every nth) value of SAMPCODE.
The "Sampling Error Code" is blank for all 1972 cases, since the 1972 survey did not use 1970,
1980, 1990, 2000, or 2010 sampling frames.
• Mean: 632.61
• Median: 632.00
• Mode: 601.00
• Minimum: 601.00
• Maximum: 676.00

- 759 -
SAMPLE: SAMPLING FRAME AND METHOD
The GSS has employed various sampling procedures and frames. Appendix A gives full detail.
Notes: Remarks: In 1983 and again in 1993 there were sample frame experiments that are described in Appendix A. In 1983 806
cases were from the 1970 frame (SAMPLE=3) and 793 cases from the 1980 frame (SAMPLE=6). In 1993 817 cases were from the
1980 frame (SAMPLE=6) and 789 case from the 1990 frame (SAMPLE=8).

Frequency
0 Unlabeled 2846 59.0 %

1 1960 black quota 0 0.0 %
2 1970 black quota 0 0.0 %
3 1970 full probability 0 0.0 %
4 1970 full probability black oversample 0 0.0 %
5 1980 black full probability black oversample 0 0.0 %
7 1980 fp black oversample 0 0.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Minimum: 0.00
• Maximum: 10.00

OVERSAMP: WEIGHTS FOR BLACK OVERSAMPLES

Weight for Black oversamples.
Notes: Remarks: If one wants to combine the 1982 or 1987 cross-sections, with the 1982 or 1987 black oversamples into
representative national samples, the file must be weighted by this variable. There is an implied decimal point. For details of the
1982 and 1987 oversamples see LNGTHINV, FEELEVEL, and Appendix A.

Frequency
1 - 4820 100.0 %
Total 4,820 100%
• Mean: 1.00
• Median: 1.00
• Mode: 1.00
• Minimum: 1.00
• Maximum: 1.00
- 760 -
WTSS: WEIGHT VARIABLE [FOR NON-RESPONSE AND NUMBER OF ADULTS IN HH]
Weight of variables.
Due to the adoption of the non-respondent, sub-sampling design, a weight

must be employed when using the GSS 2004 and after. WTSS variable takes
into consideration a) the sub-sampling of non-respondents, and b) the number
of adults in the household. It also essentially maintains the original sample
size. In years prior to 2004+ a one is assigned to all cases so they are
effectively unweighted. To adjust for number of adults in years prior to 2004,
a number of adults weight would need to be utilized.
• Mean: 1.000506842452
• Median: 0.823796259901
• Mode: 0.823796259901
• Minimum: 0.396555114136
• Maximum: 8.739876210002

(Range of) Missing Values: -1.000000000000
WTSSNR: WEIGHT VARIABLE [FOR NON-RESPONSE, NUMBER OF ADULTS IN HH, AND

DIFFERENTIAL NON-RESPONSE ACROSS AREAS]
It is similar to WTSS, but adds in an area non-response adjustment. Thus, this

variable takes into consideration a) the sub-sampling of non-respondents, b) the
number of adults in the household, and c) differential non-response across areas.
It also essentially maintains the original sample size. As with WTSS, WTSSNR has
a value of one assigned to all pre-2004 cases and as such they are effectively
unweighted. Number of adults can be utilized to make this adjustment for years
prior to 2004, but no area non-response adujustment is possible prior to 2004.
• Mean: 1.000506585613
• Minimum: 0.293074352902
• Maximum: 11.068476252293

WTSSALL: WEIGHT VARIABLE [FOR NUMBER OF ADULTS IN HH BEFORE OR AFTER 2004]
- 761 -
WTSSALL takes WTSS and applies an adult weight to years before 2004. The weight value
of WTSSALL is the same as WTSS for 2004 and after. Thus, researchers who use the GSS
data before or after 2004 may consider using the WTSSALL weight variable.
• Mean: 1.000506842452
• Median: 0.823796259901
• Mode: 0.823796259901
• Minimum: 0.396555114136
• Maximum: 8.739876210002

WTCOMB: WEIGHT VARIABLE [FOR BOTH CROSS-SECTION AND PANEL CASES]

Weight for both cross-section and the panel cases combined, adjusted to the 2012 sampling.
• Mean: 1.0000000000000
• Minimum: 0.0000000000000
• Maximum: 8.5362114148343

WTCOMBNR: WEIGHT VARIABLE [FOR BOTH CROSS-SECTION AND PANEL CASES AND
FOR NON-RESPONDENTS]
Weight for both cross-section and the panel cases combined, accounting for non-respondents.
• Mean: 1.000000000000
• Minimum: 0.000000000000
• Maximum: 10.581877021876

VSTRAT: VARIANCE STRATUM

Variance stratum

Frequency
Missing Data
- 762 -
Frequency
Total 4,820 100%

VPSU: VARIANCE PRIMARY SAMPLING UNIT

Variance primary sampling unit
Notes: Remarks: For WTSS through VPSU, see Appendix A.

Frequency
Missing Data
Total 4,820 100%

- 763 -
Appendix A
APPENDIX A:
SAMPLING DESIGN & WEIGHTING
In the original National Science Foundation grant, support was given for a modified probability sample. Samples for the
1972 through 1974 surveys followed this design. This modified probability design, described below, introduces the quota element at
the block level. The NSF renewal grant, awarded for the 1975-1977 surveys, provided funds for a full probability sample design, a
design which is acknowledged to be superior.
Thus, having the wherewithal to shift to a full probability sample with predesignated respondents, the 1975 and 1976 studies
were conducted with a transitional sample design, viz., one-half full probability and one-half block quota. The sample was divided
into two parts for several reasons: 1) to provide data for possibly interesting methodological comparisons; and 2) on the chance that
there are some differences over time, that it would be possible to assign these differences to either shifts in sample designs, or changes
in response patterns. For example, if the percentage of respondents who indicated that they were "very happy" increased by 10
percent between 1974 and 1976, it would be possible to determine whether it was due to changes in sample design, or an actual
increase in happiness.
There is considerable controversy and ambiguity about the merits of these two samples. Text book tests of significance
assume full rather than modified probability samples, and simple random rather than clustered random samples. In general, the
question of what to do with a mixture of samples is no easier solved than the question of what to do with the "pure" types.
Investigators who have applied statistical tests to previous General Social Survey data should continue to apply those tests.
Investigators who have refrained from applying such tests may now want to perform analyses on the probability subsample. This
would, of course, reduce the number of cases by one-half. Whatever choice investigators make, it should be remembered that the two
subsamples represent the same universe. 1
Having allowed for the appearance of all items in the transitional sample design, the General Social Survey then switched to
a full probability sample for the 1977, 1978, 1980, and 1982-2012 surveys. The variable SAMPLE can be used to separate the block
quota and full probability samples on the 1975 and 1976 surveys.
A similar split sample transition design was used in the 1983 survey to measure the effect of switching from the 1970 sample
frame to the 1980 sample frame. Half of the sample was drawn from the 1970 frame and half was drawn from the 1980 frame. The
variable SAMPLE separates cases from these two sample frames. Again in 1993, a split sample transition design was employed on
the 1993 survey to measure the effect of switching from the 1980 sample frame to the 1990 sample frame. Half of the sample was
drawn from each frame. In 2004 a new frame based on the 2000 census was adopted. More details on the 1970, 1980, 1990 and 2000
sample frames as well as the block quota samples appear below.
The adult, household population of the United States covered about 97.3% of the resident population of the United States in
1985. Coverage varies greatly by age group. For those 18-24, 9.4% of the population in 1980 lived outside of households (mostly in
college dorms and military quarters). Among age groups from 25 to 64 the only 0.8-1.4% of the population lived outside of
households. For those 75 and older 11.4% were in group quarters, mostly in nursing homes and long-term care facilities. For more
details on the non-household population see Living Arrangements of Children and Adults, Census of Population, PC80-2-413, May,
1985.
Until 2006 the GSS only sampled the English speaking population. As defined for the GSS in 1983-1987, 98% of the adult,
household population is English speaking. The number of non-English speakers excluded is indicated in Table A.8. Spanish speakers
typically make up 60-65% of the language exclusions. About a dozen languages make up the remaining exclusions. Starting in 2006
the GSS samples Spanish speakers in addition to English speakers.
1
C. Bruce Stephenson, "Probability Sampling with Quotas: An Experiment," GSS Methodological Report No.7, April, 1979.
Published in Public Opinion Quarterly, 43 (Winter, 1979), 477-496.
Appendix A
BLOCK QUOTA
The sample is a multi-stage area probability sample to the block or segment level. At the block level, however, quota
sampling is used with quotas based on sex, age, and employment status. The cost of the quota samples is substantially less than the
cost of a full probability sample of the same size, but there is, of course, the chance of sample biases mainly due to not-at-homes
which are not controlled by the quotas. However, in order to reduce this bias, the interviewers are given instructions to canvass and
interview only after 3:00 p.m. on weekdays or during the weekend or holidays. This type of sample design is most appropriate when
the past experience and judgment of a project director suggest that sample biases are likely to be small relative to the precision of the
measuring instrument and the decisions that are to be made.
Selection of PSUs
The Primary Sampling Units (PSUs) employed are Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas (SMSAs) or non-metropolitan
counties selected in NORC's Master Sample. These SMSAs and counties were stratified by region, age, and race before selection. 2
Selection of Sample within PSUs
The units of selection of the second stage were block groups (BGs) and enumeration districts (EDs). These EDs and BGs
were stratified according to race and income before selection. 3 The third stage of selection was that of blocks. The blocks were
selected with probabilities proportional to size. In places without block statistics, measures of size for the blocks were obtained by
field counting. The average cluster size is five respondents per cluster. This provides a suitable balance of precision and economy.
Interviewer Instructions
At the block or segment level, the interviewer begins a travel pattern at the first DU (dwelling unit) from the northwest corner
of the block and proceeds in a specified direction until the quotas have been filled.
The quotas call for approximately equal numbers of men and women with the exact proportion in each segment determined
by the 1970 Census tract data. For women, the additional requirement is imposed that there be the proper proportion of employed and
unemployed women in the location. Again, these quotas are based on the 1970 Census tract data. For men, the added requirement is
that there be the proper proportion of men over and under 35 in the location.
These particular quotas have been established because past experience has shown that employed women and young men
under 35 are the most difficult to find at home for interviewing.
Sampling Error
Although the mean squared error cannot be estimated directly from a quota sample, one can make estimates of sampling
variability using procedures such as those outlined by Stephan and McCarthy. 4 Past experience would suggest that, for most purposes,
this sample of 1,500 could be considered as having about the same efficiency as a simple random sample of 1,000 cases. In making
this judgment concerning the design effect, we are concerned with the "average" effect upon a large set of different variables of the
clustering of households at the last stage of selection. 5 Any statement of sampling error assumes that the bias in quota sampling due to
the lack of control over respondent availability is slight for the study under consideration.
For those persons interested in investigating the within-sample variability of these data, we have included SAMPCODE
("sampling error code"), VSTRATA (variance stratum), and VPSU (variance primary sampling unit). Information about the use of
this code is available from the GSS project staff at NORC.
2
For selection procedures, see Benjamin King and Carol Richards, "The 1972 NORC National Probability Sample." Chicago:
NORC, August, 1972.
3
Ibid.
4
Frederick Stephan and Philip McCarthy, Sampling Opinions. (New York: John Wiley and Sons, 1958, Chapter 10.)
5
For variable specific design effects from the 1993 GSS, see Tom W. Smith, Hee-Choon Shin, and Xiaoxi Tong, "A Report on the
Sample Frame Comparisons and Design Effects of the 1993 General Social Survey," GSS Methodological Report No. 87, 1994.
Appendix A
Probability, 1970 Frame
The NORC national probability sample is a stratified, multistage area probability sample of clusters of households in the
continental United States. 6 The selection of geographic areas at successive stages is in accordance with the method of probabilities
proportional to size (p.p.s.). Furthermore, the clusters of households are divided into replicated subsamples in order to facilitate
estimation of the variance of sample estimators of population characteristics.
At the first stage of selection, Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas (SMSAs) and nonmetropolitan counties covering the
total continental United States were grouped according to size strata within the nine Census regions. All population figures and other
demographic information were obtained from 1970 Census reports. Within each size stratum grouping based upon geographic
location, or racial characteristics (or both), was accomplished before selection. The final frame was further separated into zones or
"paper strata" of equal population size in order to facilitate the selection of replicated subsamples of primary sampling units (PSUs). 7
The selection of PSUs was designed to produce four independent subsamples of equal size. The four subsamples were randomly
combined to form two larger subsamples of 101 PSUs each. 8 The large subsamples are thus internally separable into two replicated
subsamples for variance estimation purposes.
NORC has selected one of the two large subsamples described above to serve as its principal frame of households for the
remainder of the decade. The PSUs fall into 89 distinct SMSAs and nonmetropolitan counties. (New York, a very large SMSA,
represents five PSUs, whereas the smaller counties represent only one PSU.)
The second-stage procedure involved the direct selection of Census block groups or enumeration districts (E.D.s) within
SMSAs or counties, eliminating the traditional intermediate stage of clustering selections within urban places or county division. The
increase in geographic dispersion within the primary areas has a negligible effect on field costs. Before selection, the Census tracts,
minor civil divisions, and Census county divisions containing the block groups and E.D.s were carefully stratified by geographic
location, income, and race, in order to maximize the precision of sample estimation within a PSU. Block groups and E.D.s were then
selected with probabilities proportional to size in numbers sufficient to satisfy survey demands for households expected throughout the
decade. Lists of the separate households contained in the second stage blocks or E.D.s were constructed by field personnel or obtained
from directories. Thus, the principal NORC national probability sample is, in effect, an inventory of identifiable households, each
with a known probability of selection. In a typical sample survey with equal probability of selection for individual households (i.e., a
self-weighting sample), households at which interviews will take place are probabilistically selected from the available lists of
addresses for blocks and E.D.s. The method of probabilities proportional to size results in the assignment of approximately equal
numbers of interviews in each final stage cluster, which in turn leads to increased precision in the estimation of overall population
characteristics.
The NORC national probability frame, with its broad geographic dispersion, its reserves of additional SMSAs and counties,
and its built-in replication, provides sufficient flexibility for application to a wide range of survey tasks. Its design is based on the
consideration of sampling problems that NORC and other organizations have encountered in past surveys, and we believe that it
substantially eliminates many of these difficulties.
Probability, 1980 Frame
1980 National Sampling Frame
The 1980 frame was designed, selected, and listed jointly by NORC and the Survey Research Center. This frame and
subsequent frames cover the 50 states, not just the continental United States. The new frame was selected, in most cases, in two stages;
about one-fifth of the second stage units were subsampled, producing a third stage.
Eighty-four PSUs were selected at the first stage. The PSUs consist of counties, SMSAs, independent cities and, in New
England, parts of counties. Prior to selection, the United States was divided into PSUs; the PSUs were then grouped into 84 strata.
The strata were formed by grouping metropolitan and non-metropolitan PSUs within each of the four Census regions. Within each
6
Alaska and Hawaii are not included in this sample.
7
The selection methods used are similar to those described in standard textbooks, e.g., W. E. Deming, Sample Design in Business
Research (New York: Wiley & Sons, 1960), and L. Kish, Survey Sampling (New York: Wiley & Sons, 1965).
8
In the actual implementation of the selection method, subsamples 1 and 4 resulted in 51 PSUs, whereas subsamples 2 and 3
produced only 50 PSUs. The result was not unexpected and is due to a technical reason, details of which will be provided on request.
The inequality of subsample sizes does not affect the equal probability characteristics of the sample.
Appendix A
region, additional variables were used to define strata. The stratifying variables included within-region geography and size; size was
measured by the 1980 Census count of occupied housing units. One PSU was selected from each stratum using a controlled selection
procedure. This procedure ensured proportionate representation along certain control dimensions (such as percentage Hispanic in the
West). The exact control variables (like the stratification variables) differed somewhat from region to region. Sixteen strata contained
only one PSU, which was selected with certainty. The remaining 68 PSUs were selected with probability proportional to size
(measured in housing units).
The unit for second stage selection was the block or enumeration district (ED). The number of secondary selections within a
PSU depended in part on the stratum size. The number of second stage selections listed for NORC's national frame in the 16 PSUs
selected with certainty ranged from 24 to six selections for PSU. In the remaining 68 sample PSUs, six second stage selections were
listed. (The same number of second stage selections were listed for SRC's national frame; further, both organizations retained a
similar number of second stage selections as a reserve for future use.) All total, the new frame includes 562 secondary selections.
Prior to selection, the second stage units within each sample PSU were sorted by county, by minor civil division (in some
areas), by Census Tract or ED number, and by block number. Counties were ordered within PSUs according to size and geography
(e.g., in SMSAs, the county containing the central city came first, then counties containing nearby suburbs, and so on). In twenty
states, information was available on the size and median family income of minor civil divisions (MCDs), which are governmental
units below the county level (such as cities or towns). Where this information was available, we sorted the block and EDs by MCD
and ordered the MCDs by size and income.
Next, we sorted all blocks and EDs by Census Tract number and then by block or ED number; these sorts establish a
geographic ordering. The secondary selections were made using systematic zone selection; the probabilities of selection were
proportional to size (measured in housing units). Each secondary selection included at least 50 housing units.
In enumeration districts and blocks with a large number of dwelling units, a third stage of selection was carried out. The
block or ED was subdivided into pieces which were "field counted" by field staff from NORC or SRC. In a field count, an area is
scouted and a rough count of the number of housing units is made. Based on the field count we selected a piece of the sample block or
ED with probability proportional to its size. 9
Comparison of the 1970 and 1980 Frames
Table A.1 summarizes the main differences between the old and the new frames. Aside from the obvious differences in the
number of selections at each stage and in the measures of size (people vs housing), the two frames differ in three main respects.
Table A.1: Main Differences Between Frames
First Stage 1970 Frame 1980 Frame

Number of Selections 100 84
Measure of Size Persons--at least 10,000 Housing--at least 4,000 units
Methods of Selection Systematic Zone Selection Controlled selection
Stratification (Implicit) Census 84 explicit strata
division, urbanization plus control variables
% Black
Second Stage
Number of Selections 1800 (18 per PSU) 562
Unit BG or ED Block or ED
Measure of Size Person Housing units--at least 50
Method of Selection Systematic Zone Selection Systematic Zone Selection
Stratification (Implicit) income, (Implicit) County: size,
% Black geography; MCD (20 states):
income, size; CT, ED block: geography
Third Stage
Unit "Segment" Part of a block or ED (in most areas,
no 3rd stage)
Measure of Size Housing units--at least 100 Housing units--at least 50
Method of Selection One selection with One selection with
probability proportional probability proportional
to size to size
9
Steven G. Heeringa and Judith H. Connor, The 1980 SRC/NORC National Sample Design and Development. Ann Arbor:
Institute for Social Research, 1984.
Appendix A
First, the stratification variables differ. In particular, percentage Black, which was used as an implicit stratifier at the first and second
stages in the old frame is no longer used in the new sample (except in rural areas of the Deep South). Instead, the new frame uses a
variety of geographic control variables at both the first and second stages. Second, the new frame was, for the most part, selected in
two rather than three stages. A third stage was used only to subsample within blocks and EDs too large to be listed in a single trip to
the field.
The most important change involves the method of selection at the first stage. The new frame used a controlled selection
procedure that assures proportionate representation along the control dimensions as well as the dimensions used to define strata. This
procedure should yield additional statistical precision (Leslie Kish estimates the gains at up to 20%). An added benefit of controlled
selection from explicit strata is that it allows us to use the Keyfitz procedure to draw a new national sample. The Keyfitz procedure is
a method for updating national samples using new Census data; it maximizes the retention of PSUs from an existing national sample.
It could not be easily applied to a sample drawn using systematic selection procedures (such as the old frame). The controlled
selection procedure used to select the PSUs has one drawback--it will be more difficult to subsample PSUs. The zone selection
procedure used to select the old frame is easy to select a half-sample; in fact, the old frame was selected in two replicates.
Subsampling is not such an automatic procedure with the new frame.
1983 GSS Sample: Fifty PSUs from the new frame were selected for the 1983 GSS. All 16 certainty PSUs were selected for
the GSS subsample. The remaining 68 PSUs were paired, according to size and region; one PSU was selected at random from each
pair. Within each of the 50 subsample PSUs, half of the segments (a total of 141) were selected systematically for the 1983 GSS.
Fifty PSUs were also selected from the old frame with three segments per PSU (total of 150).
1982 Black Oversamples
In 1982 the National Science Foundation funded as a separate project an oversample of Blacks on the GSS. Two different
sample frames were used. First, an additional sample of lines was drawn from the 1970 sample frame (as the regular 1982 GSS cross
section was). These households were screened for race and eventually yielded 107 extra Black respondents. Second, a special sample
frame designed to sample Blacks was drawn from 1980 Census data. In this sample frame localities were selected according to their
Black population rather than their total population. This procedure increases the take-rate among selected lines yielding a more
efficient sampling of Blacks. This oversample proportionate to the Black population resulted in 247 extra Black respondents. In all,
the Black samples added 354 extra Black respondents. When added to the 156 Blacks who were part of the regular cross section, that
made a total of 510 Black respondents in 1982.
The three groups of Blacks can be added together to form a national probability sample of Black Americans. The Blacks and
Non-Blacks in the regular 1982 cross-section can be used as a national sample of all races without using the OVERSAMP weight. If
one wants to use all 1982 cases to form a national sample (the 1,506 from the cross section and the black oversamples of 354) then the
OVERSAMP weight must be used to establish the proper racial balance. The OVERSAMP variable is designed to match the racial
distribution found in the regular cross section and to reproduce the total number of unweighted cases (i.e. 1,506 + 354 = 1,860).
For a report on the black oversamples including a comparison of the two methods of oversampling blacks, see Roger
Tourangeau and A. Wade Smith, "Finding Subgroups for Surveys," Public Opinion Quarterly, 49 (Fall, 1985), 351-365.
Information on response rates is given in Table A.8.
1987 Black Oversample
In 1987 the National Science Foundation funded as a separate project an oversample of Blacks on the GSS. An additional
sample of lines was drawn from the 1980 sample frame (as the regular 1987 GSS cross section was). These households were screened
for race and eventually yielded 353 extra Black respondents. When added to the 191 Blacks who were part of the regular cross section
that made a total of 544 Black respondents in 1987.
1990 National Sample
Like its predecessor, the 1990 National Sample was selected in two major stages, with PSUs consisting of one or more
counties selected at the first stage and segments consisting of one or more blocks selected at the second. In a few cases, segments
were subsampled, a procedure that constituted a third stage of sample selection.
The 1990 sample included 100 first stage selections. The PSUs consisted of metropolitan areas or nonmetropolitan counties.
The metropolitan PSUs include metropolitan areas of all three types distinguished in the 1990 Census--Metropolitan Statistical Areas
Appendix A
(or MSAs, which correspond to the SMSAs used in 1980), Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Areas (or CMSAs, which join
metropolitan area of a very large city with the adjacent metropolitan area of one of its suburbs), and New England County
Metropolitan Areas (or NECMAs, which are the whole county counterparts of the New England MSAs). Prior to selection, the United
States was divided into 2,489 PSUs; the PSUs were then sorted into strata. The major strata again grouped metropolitan and
nonmetropolitan PSUs within each of the four Census regions. The nonmetropolitan PSUs were further sorted by state; then, within
state, by percent minority; and, finally, within percent minority groupings, by per capita income. Each PSU was classified according
to the percent of its population who are minority group members; this encompassed everyone but non-Hispanic Whites. Percent
minority groupings were formed by classifying each PSU according to percent minority quartiles within its major strata. The
metropolitan PSUs were sorted by Census division, minority quartile, and per capita income. The sample PSUs were selected using
systematic selection, with the selection probability for a PSU proportional to the number of housing units. This selection procedure
ensured proportionate representation along each of the sort variables. Nineteen PSUs were so large that they had to be included in the
sample with certainty.
The second stage sampling unit in the 1990 National Sample was again the segment, consisting of one or more adjoining
blocks. The number of segments selected within a PSU again depended on the whether the PSU was a certainty selection. From three
to 26 segments were selected in the 19 certainty PSUs; in each of the remaining 81 sample PSUs, three segments were selected. All
told, the 1990 National Sample includes 384 second stage selections. Prior to selection, the segments within each sample PSU were
sorted successively by a) whether they were within the central city of a metropolitan area or outside of it (in metropolitan PSUs), b)
state (in those PSUs that crossed state lines), c) county, d) place, e) percent minority quartile within the PSU, and f) census tract (CT)
or block numbering area (BNA). The sample segments were selected using systematic sampling with probability proportional to size
(in housing units). Undersized blocks were linked to adjacent ones to assure that each segment included at least 50 housing units.
Similarly, census tracts with fewer than 50 housing units were linked with adjoining CTs.
In the smallest PSUs, it was possible for a segment to be selected more than once. In such cases and when segments included
unexpectedly large numbers of dwellings, a third stage of sampling was carried out. The segment was subdivided into pieces by a
field count; based on the field count, one piece of the segment was selected with probability proportional to its estimated size. 10
Comparison of the 1980 and 1990 Sample Frames
The two national samples are quite similar. Table A.2 summarizes the main features of each sample design.
Table A.2. Main Features of Two National Samples
1980 National Sample 1990 National Sample

First Stage
Measure of Size/Minimum Housing units/4000 Housing units/2000
Method of Selection Controlled selection Systematic selection
Stratification Region, metropolitan status; additional Region, metropolitan status,
control variables division/state, % minority,
per capita income
Second Stage
Unit Blocks or EDs Blocks
Method of Selection Systematic Systematic
Stratification County (ordered by size), MCD County (ordered by size and state),
(ordered by size and income), census place, % minority,
tract/ED number census tract/BNA
Third Stage
Unit Part of block or ED Part of block or ED
Method of Selection One selection per segment with One selection per segment with
probability proportional to size probability proportional to size
10
For further details on the 1990 National Sample, see Roger Tourangeau, Robert A. Johnson, Jiahe Qian, and Hee-Choon Shin,
Selection of NORC's 1990 National Sample. Chicago: NORC, 1993.
Appendix A
Note: In both samples, the third stage was generally not needed in most areas.
However, there are a number of differences between the two samples, most of them minor. At the first stage of sampling, the
1990 National Sample included more selections than the 1980 Sample (100 vs. 84), and it used a systematic rather than a controlled
procedure to make the selections. The two sampling methods do not differ markedly; they have similar theoretical properties (e.g.,
both allow additional control beyond that afforded by ordinary stratified sampling) and yield similar results in practice. The
systematic procedure makes it somewhat easier to select subsamples from the 1990 National Sample.
At the second stage of selection, the two samples again differ in their sample sizes (384 selections in 1990 vs. 562 in 1980)
but the same method of selection was used. There was a small change in how the second stage units were defined. By 1990, the
Census Bureau had divided the entire nation into blocks and no longer used Enumeration Districts; segments in the new sample could
thus be defined exclusively in terms of blocks. At both of the first two stages of sample selection, the 1990 National Sample classified
the sampling units by their minority population; the earlier sample had not made such extensive use of this variable
1993 GSS Sample
1980 National Sample. For the 1993 GSS, approximately 1,100 housing units were selected from the 1980 National Sample.
These dwelling units were clustered within 141 segments in 50 of the sample PSUs. Within each of the 16 certainty PSUs,
approximately one-fourth of the sample segments were selected for the 1993 GSS, yielding a total of 39 segments. Within the
remaining 68 sample PSUs, a subsample of 34 PSUs was first selected; then, within each of these 34 PSUs, three segments (out of the
six available) were included in the 1993 GSS. Overall, then, the 1993 GSS sample included approximately one segment in four from
the 1980 National Sample─one-fourth within the 16 certainty PSUs plus one-half of the segments within a randomly selected half of
the 68 remaining sample PSUs. The subsampling of the noncertainty PSUs was carried out by pairing PSUs from similar strata; one
PSU was selected randomly from each pair. The subsampling of segments was done using a simple systematic selection procedure.
1990 National Sample. The new National Sample also contributed approximately 1,100 housing units to the 1993 GSS
sample. These were drawn from 191 segments in 68 of the sample PSUs. Within each of the 19 certainty PSUs, approximately one-
half of the sample segments─a total of 71─were selected for the 1993 GSS. Within the remaining 81 sample PSUs, a subsample of 40
PSUs was first selected; within each of these 40 PSUs, all three available segments were sampled for the 1993 GSS. About half of the
segments from the 1990 National Sample─one-half of the segments within the 19 certainty PSUs and all of the segments within a
random half of the 81 other PSUs─were included in the 1993 GSS sample. The subsampling of the noncertainty PSUs was carried out
by pairing PSUs that were nearest neighbors in the final sorted file from which the first stage selections were made; one PSU was
selected at random from each pair. The last PSU of the 81 noncertainty PSUs could not be paired with another sample PSU; a random
procedure was used to determine whether it would be included in the 1993 GSS sample. Segments in the certainty PSUs were
subsampled using a simple systematic selection procedure.
The 1994-2004 surveys are sub-divided into two: samples A and B. Sample A consists of versions 1-6 in 1994 and versions
4-6 in 1996, 1998, and 2000. Sample B consists of version 6-9 in 1994 and versions 4-6 in 1996, 1998, and 2000. Both samples
contain approximately half of the cases.
For a comparison of results from the two sample frames, see Tom W. Smith, Hee-Choon Shin, and Xiaoxi Tong, "A Report
on the Sample Frame Comparisons and Design Effects of the 1993 General Social Survey," GSS Methodological Report No. 87, 1994.
2004 GSS National Sample Design
NORC has introduced an innovative approach to demographic sampling frame construction and sample design for NORC’s
program of face-to-face surveys from 2004 onwards. 11 The important changes from previous GSS designs are: (i) the construction of a
new list-assisted sampling frame for 72% of the population; (ii) an increase in the size of the certainty stratum (the proportion of the
population covered by certainty area selections); (iii) designation of new primary sampling units (PSUs) for the certainty stratum; (iv)
designation of new secondary sampling units (SSUs) for the remaining “urban” areas; and (v) designation of larger SSUs for the
remaining areas.
Considerations of cost and feasibility have determined that essentially all national sample designs worldwide are multi-stage
samples with administrative/political areas as the primary sampling units. We denote these areas as national frame areas (NFAs). The
skewness of the distribution of the sizes of administrative area units typically leads to the definition of the largest of these area units as
certainty selections; these areas appear in the sample with certainty. These selections are sometimes called “self-representing PSUs”
whereas they are in fact separate sub-strata; the nomenclature has led to some confusion in the literature and in the perception of the
11
A more complete presentation of the approach may be found in O’Muircheartaigh, Colm, (2003) “There and Back Again:
Demographic Survey Sampling in the 21st Century” Keynote Address, Federal Committee on Statistical Methodology 2003
Conference. http://www.fcsm.gov/events/papers2003.html
Appendix A
characteristics of national samples. The traditional area-probability design also includes stratification of the area units at the various
stages of selection, incorporating our prior knowledge of the population structure into the design.
The absence of any satisfactory population register in the USA has led to the use of one or more stages of area sampling
followed by listing of addresses/housing units in the selected ultimate area units [UAUs] 12. This approach characterizes both the
sample designs from the Census Bureau and those from the major social research centers such as the University of Chicago’s NORC
and the University of Michigan’s Institute for Social Research (ISR).
The confluence of three developments in recent years in the US has made it possible to re-assess this traditional approach to
sample design.
• First, it has become possible to obtain access (for sampling purposes) to the frame of addresses constructed and maintained by
the United States Postal Service (USPS). Research at NORC has established that this frame is generally superior to the listings
obtained from traditional field listing methods. 13
• Second, it is possible to obtain data that allow for census geographies (based on blocks or combinations of blocks) to be
classified into two categories – those blocks that have street-style addresses, and those that do not. The classification is based on
the U.S. Census Bureau Type of Enumeration (TEA) code that was used to classify blocks as suitable for mail-out/mail-back
data collection in Census 2000.
• Third, the quality of the maps based on TIGER has improved dramatically, and mapping software and databases have been
developed that permit the accurate geocoding of almost all those street-style addresses.
The MSA/county is the basic frame area in Table A.3. Frame areas were first categorized according to population and list quality as
follows:
• the largest MSAs/counties (certainty areas) with high density population dominated by tracts with street-style addresses
(category 1);
• small counties with either less than 30,000 population or less than 15,000 population in tracts with street-style addresses
(category 3);
• all other counties/MSAs (category 2).
Table A.3 describes the population.
Category Units Description Extent

1 MSAs The largest MSAs, likely 45% of housing units (HUs) in
certainty selections 4.5% of the area
2 MSAs/counties Intermediate MSAs not included 40%of HUs in 25% of area
in categories 1 and 2
3 Counties Counties with less than 30% of 15% of HUs in 70% of area
housing units or with fewer than
15,000 people living in type A
tracts
The shortcoming of this classification is that within all three categories of areas, urban areas (i.e. those with street-style
addresses) are interspersed with rural areas (those with non-street-style addresses). Tracts with predominantly street-style addresses
are designated type A tracts 14; all other tracts are designated type B. Figures 1 through 4 show the partitioning of areas into type A and
type B tracts. Figures 1 and 2 show the Los Angeles MSA and the Chicago MSA with type A tracts (dark) and type B tracts (pale);
these are category 1 MSAs. Figures 3 and 4 show two category 2 MSAs: the Champaign/Urbana category 2 MSA in Illinois (Figure 3),
and the Worcester category 2 MSA in Massachusetts (Figure 4).
Cost and timeliness are two major concerns in sample design. Consider the two extreme situations. In case I, a high quality
list of addresses/HUs exists for every area unit in the population; in case II, there are no address lists. In case II, the sample of areas
must be designed and selected well in advance of the survey to leave time for field listing of HUs in the selected areas. In case I, the
12
The UAU is the unit used at the final stage of selection involving areas for each part of the population. Beyond this stage, the
sampling unit is the housing unit (HU).
13
See O’Muircheartaigh, Colm, Stephanie Eckman, Ned English, and Catherine Haggerty,(2004)“Sampling for Inner-City Face-
to-Face Surveys” 2003Proceedings of the Section on Survey Research Methods of the American Statistical Association and
O’Muircheartaigh, Colm, Stephanie Eckman, and Charlene Weiss (2003) “Traditional and Enhanced Field Listing for Probability
Sampling” 2002 Proceedings of the Section on Survey Research Methods of the American Statistical Association.
14
Type A tracts are tracts in which at least 95% of the housing units (HUs) are in blocks designated with TEA code 1 – suitable
for mail-out/mail-back data collection in Census 2000.
Appendix A
sample of areas can be selected very close to the time of the survey fieldwork. The cost of listing in case II will be very large, making
it impossible for many projects to support it; as a result the cost of listing will need to be amortized over a number of projects,
implying that the design of the sample of areas must be sufficiently general to be appropriate for a wide range of surveys. The design
can thus not be tailored to the particular survey. In those terms the US population frame is a mixture. For part of the population there
is a list frame; for the rest, there is not. And the two parts are intermingled in a complex way.
The design solution is to partition the frame into two parts, in one of which HUs/addresses can be selected directly from the
list; in the second part field listing must be carried out in the selected sample areas. The distinctive feature of the design is that the
two parts are not constructed from spatially connected areas, thereby giving the frame a somewhat mottled appearance.
For category 1 type MSAs, type A tracts dominate. The design solution for category 1 is to remove the type B tracts from the
category 1 MSAs. Stratum 1 is defined as those parts of category 1 MSAs that consist of type A tracts. Stratum 1 includes more than
90% of the population of category 1, but less than 50% of the area. The residual areas are treated separately (see discussion of stratum
3.2 below).
The composition of MSAs in category 2 is less extreme, in that there is a more even distribution of type A and type B tracts.
Consider again figure 3, Urbana/Champaign. This MSA is divided into two NFAs. The first consists of the areas centered on Urban
and Champaign, shaded dark in the figure. These are the type A tracts in the MSA. The pale tracts constitute a separate NFA. Stratum
2 is defined as the set of type A NFAs from category 2 MSAs; the dark areas in Figures 3 and 4 are examples. These stratum 2 NFAs
include 75% of the population of category 2, but only 20% of the area.
In category 3, the problem arises in reverse; though the dominant type of tract is type B, there are type A tracts interspersed
among them. However, though category 3 NFAs also contain both type A and type B tracts, the size of these MSA/counties is
insufficient to warrant subdivision.
Stratum 3 comprises those parts of the population where in general the USPS address list is inadequate for use as a sampling
frame. This stratum has two substrata. Stratum 3.1 contains, as NFAs: (i) the type B parts of category 2 MSAs – thus, for example, the
type B tracts in Champagin/Urbana constitute an NFA; and (ii) the category 3 NFAs. These are the primary sampling units for
stratum 3.1. Once the PSUs have been selected, segments are constructed within the selected NFAs as they have been for previous
national samples, and a field listing is carried out in the selected segments.
Stratum 3.2 comprises the type B tracts in category 1 NFAs. The pale areas in figures 1 and 2 are examples of stratum 3.2
areas. All of these NFAs appear with certainty in the sample, and fieldwork will be conducted throughout these NFAs. Consequently
it is not necessary to introduce an extra stage of sampling for this part of the population. In stratum 3.2, segments are selected directly
into the sample, and field listing is carried out as with the stratum 3.1 segments. Thus, the PSU in stratum 3.2 is the segment. See
Table A.4.
The important changes from previous GSS designs are:
• A new list-assisted sampling frame has been constructed for 72% of the population; this frame will permit re-design and
retargeting of the sample for each successive GSS. While the same sample design, and the same selected area sampling units,
can be kept for 2006 and beyond, the design and selection could be revisited for each successive GSS without major cost
implications. Stratification and measures of size, for instance, could be adjusted based on information from the American
Community Survey.
• The size of the certainty stratum (the proportion of the population covered by certainty area selections) has been increased.
Almost half (45%) of the HUs in the population are now included in this stratum.
• Within the certainty stratum, new primary sampling units (PSUs) are being used. The PSU is now the tract (for the list-
assisted part of the population). Tracts contain about 1000-2000 HUs and therefore can be expected to have considerably
lower intracluster correlation coefficients (ρ) than the blocks/block groups (minimum size 75 HUs) that were used for
previous designs.
• In the second “urban” stratum, the new secondary sampling units (SSUs) are tracts rather than blocks/block groups; this
should lead to similar efficiency gains to those indicated above for the certainty stratum.
• In the “rural” stratum, the minimum size of SSU has been increased from 75 to 300 HUs; this should lead to smaller
intracluster correlation coefficients, ρ.
Appendix A
Table A.4: Sample design for the GSS 2006 sample
Stratum % of Description Primary (area) Secondary (area) Final stage

popn. sampling unit sampling unit
(PSU) (SSU)
1 42% All type A tracts in Tract No 2nd area stage Housing units
category 1 areas (HUs) from list
frame within
tract.
2 30% All type A tracts in MSA/county Tract HUs from list
category 2 areas [part] frame within
tract.
3.1 25% All counties not in County Segment HUs from
category 1 or 2; all [all or part] NORC-listed
remaining tracts in master sample
category 2 areas within selected
segments
3.2 3% Type B tracts in Segment No 2nd area stage HUs from
category 1 areas NORC-listed
master sample
within selected
segments
Table A.5 gives the numbers of PSUs, SSUs, and UAUs selected within each major stratum.
Table A.5: Numbers of area units by stratum
Stratum No. of NFAs No. of PSUs No.of UAUs No. of

SSUs UAUs
1 24 15 168 (tracts) n.a. Tracts 168
2 30 16 30 (part MSAs/ counties) 120 Tracts 120
(tracts)
3.1 25 17 25 (part counties/MSAs) 112 Segments 100
(segment)
3.2 24 18 12 n.a Segments 12
Total 79 19 235 n.a. -- 400
15
90% of the population of these 24 NFAs is in stratum 1
16
These NFAs consist of the type A tracts in 30 MSAs
17
These NFAs are either whole counties/MSAs with few street-style addresses or the type B tracts from MSAs/counties
comprising stratum 2
18
This stratum contains the non-type A tracts in stratum 1 NFAs; they make up 6% of the population in those NFAs.
19
The 24 NFAs in strata 1 and 3.2 are the same areas and thus the total number of NFAs is 79.
Appendix A
Figure 1: The Los Angeles MSA
Figure 2: The Chicago MSA

Appendix A
Figure 3: The Urbana/Champaign MSA
Figure 4: The Worcester MSA

Appendix A
2010 National Sample Design
The 2010 NORC National Sample Design is an update and expansion to the 2000 NORC National Sample Design. Whereas
the 2000 NORC National Sample Design has 79 first-stage selections (called NFAs or PSUs in previous designs), including 24 self-
representing areas large enough to be selected with certainty, the 2010 NORC National Sample Design has 126 first-stage selections,
including 38 self-representing areas. In the 2000 NORC National Sample Design, each non-certainty first-stage selection represents
1% of the U.S. population, while in the 2010 NORC National Sample Design, each non-certainty first-stage selection represents 0.5%
of the U.S. population. However, this is too many first-stage selections for GSS. Therefore, GSS uses a subset of 76 first-stage
selections comparable to the 2000 National Sample Design’s 79 first-stage selections.
The 2010 NORC National Sample Design also contains 1,516 second-stage selections (segments) compared to 899 for the
2000 NORC National Sample Design. The GSS will continue to generally use a subset of 400 second-stage selections. Just as in the
2000 National Sample Design, the GSS second-stage units will be a subsample of the larger set of National Sample Design second-
stage units, which will allow segments to be rotated in and out throughout the decade just as was done for the 2000 National Sample
Design.
Some slight changes to the 2010 National Sample Design were made, though the general outline was the same. The basic
building blocks to make first-stage units in the sampling frame are again counties and metropolitan areas defined by OMB; the
metropolitan areas are now called Consolidated Statistical Areas (CSAs) or Core Based Statistical Areas (CBSAs). First, counties,
CBSAs, and CSAs that had a population less than 10,000 were combined with a neighboring non-certainty county, CBSA, or CSA
(the closest geographically, regardless of size) to make first-stage units in the frame.
First-stage units in the frame were then categorized according to population and list quality as follows:
• the largest CSAs (certainty areas) with a population of at least 1,543,728 (0.5 percent of the 2010 Census U.S. population)
were placed in category 1; these areas have a high population density, and are dominated by tracts with street-style addresses;
• small counties and CBSAs with less than 8 tracts that are predominantly street-style addresses (category 3);
• all other counties, CBSAs, and CSAs with at least 8 tracts that are predominantly street-style addresses (category 2).
Rural Alaska Boroughs and Census Areas with less than 0.180 housing units per square miles and at least 5,000 square miles
in area were excluded. This dropped 0.03 percent of the U.S. population (12.9 percent of Alaska’s population)
As was done in the 2000 National Sample Design, the Category 2 first-stage units are partitioned into two separate first-stage
units; a first-stage unit consisting of the tracts where HUs/addresses will be selected directly from a postal delivery sequence file
(DSF) is placed in Category 2A while another first-stage unit where listing will be needed is placed in Category 2B. Once again, the
Category 2B and 3 first-stage selections will be selected together.
GSS uses only 76 out of the 126 2010 National Sample Design first-stage units. Only half of the non-certainty (Categories
2A, 2B, and 3) were selected. Similarly, the probabilities of selection for the certainty Category 1 first-stage units are cut in half. For
17, they are still selected with certainty, but selecting the remaining 21 with probabilities proportional to size results in 15 out of the
21 being selected (for a total of 32 Category 1 selections).
Appendix A
Table A.6 Summary of the First-Stage Units for the 2010 National Sample
Design
Description Share of National GSS
NFA Category U.S. Frame
population
The largest CSAs,
1 56% 38 32
certainty selections
DSF portions (8 or more
2A 30% 60 30
tracts)
Tracts where listing is
2B 5%
needed
28 14
Counties/CBSAs with less
3 9%
than 8 urban tracts
TOTAL 100% 126 76
Just as in the 2000 National Sample Design, the frame was partitioned into two parts for the selection of the second-stage
units (segments). If DSF use was expected to be possible, tracts were selected. Where listing was expected to be required, block
groups were selected. In both cases, the minimum size for a sample unit (whether tract or block group) was 300. Units not meeting
this minimum size were merged with a neighbor.
In Category 1 first-stage selections, type A tracts were selected separately from block groups in type B tracts. Within
category 1, 16 segments were selected per 1 percent of the population covered = 16 * 56% = 896 segments. The proper proportion of
type B segments is 32, so 864 type A tracts and 32 block-groups within type B tracts were selected. GSS uses a standard of 4
segments per 1 percent of the population covered, so GSS will use approximately 216 type A tracts and 8 block-groups within type B
tracts.
For category 2A first-stage selections, 8 segments per first-stage selection results in 480 segments in the 2010 National
Sample Design, but GSS uses 120 (half of the selections in half of the first-stage selections) of them.
For category 2B/3 first-stage selections, the 2010 National Sample Design only selected 5 segments per first-stage selection,
but GSS uses 4 in half of them for a total of 56 segments.
Table A7 Summary of the Second-Stage Units for the 2010 National Sample
Design
Expected First- Sample GSS First- GSS
Type of stage Segments Stage Sample
Category Address selections Selections Segments
Listing
City -- 864 -- 216
Style
1
Address
Rural -- 32 -- 8
City 30
2a Style 60 480 120
Address
2b/3 Rural 28 140 14 56
1,516 400
The 2000 NORC National Sample Design used the DSF or listing strictly based on Census enumeration methods, which
corresponded to whether the DSF was usable. However, we have strengthened the criteria. We have compared the number of units in
the DSF to the number of occupied housing units in the Census. If the ratio of DSF to occupied housing units was less than 0.9 or
greater than 1.25, we examined whether DSF geocoding errors could be corrected or not. If not, we selected one block group with
probability proportional to the number of housing units for listing. Before adding this segment to the listing work, we checked to see if
the DSF was adequate for this block group. Only if the DSF was inadequate for this block groups was the block group listed. Out of
1,344 tracts, 37 (2.8 percent) were listed.
Appendix A
Similarly, we checked the DSF for block groups that were expected to be listed. While the DSF was inadequate for the tracts
these block groups were in, we determined the DSF to be adequate for 84 out of the 172 (48.8 percent) block groups selected.
Therefore, the 2010 NORC National Sample Design listed 125 out of the 1,516 (8.2 percent) second-stage units selected.
NON-RESPONSIVE SUB-SAMPLING
The basic concept is to subsample the nonrespondents, adjusting the weights to keep the design unbiased. The subsample is
weighted up to represent all nonrespondents as of the cutoff date. Subsampling allows the focusing of resources on a smaller set of the
difficult cases for further attempts, thereby potentially reducing both response error and nonresponse bias.
The subsampling of nonrespondents constitutes a two-phase design, or a double-sampling scheme, that was first introduced
by Hansen and Hurwitz in 1946. 20 The subsampling of nonrespondents has been used in many other surveys, such as the Census
Bureau’s American Community Survey and the Urban Institute’s 1999 and 2002 National Survey of America’s Families. At NORC,
the double-sampling scheme has been used for the Chicago Health and Social Life Survey.
The typical pattern for area probability studies, such as GSS, is for a small percentage of the difficult cases to absorb much of
the resources, especially near the end of the data collection period. Increasing the initial sample size boosts the number of less
difficult cases available from the start. After the first pass, the remaining cases – those that are so much more difficult to complete are
subsampled. Considerable time and effort is spent on the subsampled cases, but since there are fewer of them, the overall field effort is
reduced.
For the 2004 GSS at the end of the preliminary field period for release 1 after about ten weeks, there were 1440 out-of-scope
cases (not housing units, vacant, etc.), 2162 completed cases, 143 partial cases and appointments, 144 final nonrespondents, and 2171
temporary nonrespondents. The temporary nonrespondents were sampled at 50% and 1086 were retained in the study and 1085 were
eliminated. The retained sub-sample cases and the partial/appointment cases were then pursued for approximately another 10 weeks.
Ultimately 2812 cases were obtained.
For the 2006 GSS at the end of the preliminary field period for release 1 after about eleven weeks, there were 1490 out-of-
scope cases (not housing units, vacant, etc.), 3418 completed cases, 283 partial cases and appointments, 259 final nonrespondents, and
4209 temporary nonrespondents. The temporary nonrespondents were sampled at 45% and 2068 were retained in the study and 2141
were eliminated. The retained sub-sample cases and the partial/appointment cases were then pursued for approximately another 10
weeks. Ultimately 4510 cases were obtained.
cases (not housing units, vacant, etc.), 1610 completed cases, 134 partial cases and appointments, 96 final nonrespondents, and 1738
temporary nonrespondents. The temporary nonrespondents were sampled at 41% and 713 were retained in the study and 1025 were
eliminated. The retained sub-sample cases and the partial/appointment cases were then pursued for approximately another 10 weeks.
Ultimately 2023 cases were obtained.
cases (not housing units, vacant, etc.), 1575 completed cases, 137 partial interviews/appointments/Spanish-language cases, 72 final
nonrespondents, and 1695 temporary nonrespondents. The temporary nonrespondents were sampled at 47% and 800 were retained in
the study and 895 were eliminated. The retained sub-sample cases and the partial/appointment/Spanish-language cases were then
pursued. After approximately seven weeks, 137 of the 895 cases that were removed during sub-sampling were released back into the
sample to be re-contacted for interviews. These 137 re-released cases, along with all other pending cases, were then pursued for about
four more weeks. Ultimately 2044 cases were obtained.
cases (not housing units, vacant, etc.), 1395 completed cases, 167 partial interviews/appointments/Spanish-language/special situation
cases, 56 final nonrespondents, and 2040 temporary nonrespondents. The temporary nonrespondents were sampled at 47% and 965
were retained in the study and 1075 were eliminated. The retained sub-sample cases and the partial/appointment/Spanish-language
cases were then pursued. Ultimately 1974 cases were obtained.
Since temporary nonrespondents were subsampled at 50%, they must essentially be given a weight of 2 to make the sample
representative. The weights that must be used for the 2004-2012 GSS are discussed below in the section on Weighting. In addition, the
20
Marcus Hansen and W. Hurwitz, "The Problem of Non-response in Sample Surveys," Journal of the American Statistical
Association, 41 (Dec., 1946), 517-529.
Appendix A
subsampling of nonrespondents also means that weighted figures must be used in calculating the response and other outcome rates.
The procedure utilized is discussed in Standard Definitions: Final Disposition of Case Codes and Outcome Rates for Surveys. Lenexa,
KS: American Association for Public Opinion Research, 2004. Also available at www.aapor.org
WEIGHTING
The GSS contains several weight variables (ADULTS, OVERSAMP, FORMWT, WTSSNR, WTSSALL) that users should
use as needed as well as weight-related variables (ISSP+PHASE). This section briefly discusses these variables.
ADULTS
The full-probability GSS samples used since 1975 are designed to give each household an equal probability of inclusion in
the sample. (Call this probability Ph.) Thus for household-level variables, the GSS sample is self- weighting. In those households
which are selected, selection procedures within the household give each eligible individual equal probability of being interviewed. In
a household with n eligible respondents, each has probability Ph of being in a selected household, and 1/n * Ph of actually being
interviewed. Persons living in large households are less likely to be interviewed, because one and only one interview is completed at
each preselected household. The simplest way to compensate would be to weight each interview proportionally to n, the number of
eligible respondents in the household where the interview was conducted. N is the number of persons over 18 (ADULTS) in the
household. A discussion of the weight as well and a post-stratification variant of weighting by ADULTS appears in GSS
Methodological Report No. 3. 21
OVERSAMP
As described in the previous section, the 1982 survey included an oversample of blacks. To make the 1982 survey a
representative cross-section, the user can either exclude the black oversample cases by excluding codes 4 and 5 on SAMPLE or
weight the file by OVERSAMP. To make the 1987 survey a representative cross-section the user can either exclude the black
oversample by excluding code 7 on SAMPLE or weight the file by OVERSAMP. Users should adopt one of these procedures in all
cases except when analyzing only blacks from the 1982 and/or 1987 cross-sections and oversamples.
FORMWT
Problems with form randomization procedures on the 1978, 1980, 1982-1985 surveys necessitate the use of FORMWT when
variables appearing on only one form are analyzed. A complete list of form-related variables appears in Appendix P. Full details on
the form randomization problem and of the weight created to correct for it appear in GSS Methodological Report No. 36. 22
ISSP
The International Social Survey Program supplement was administered to Form 1 cases in 1985 and as such must be
weighted for FORMWT as discussed above. In addition because this was a self-administered supplement completed after the main
GSS questionnaire there is supplement non-response. Users may wish to use the variable ISSP to study supplement non-response bias
and perhaps develop a weight to compensate for same. 23
POST-STRATIFICATION
In general, the GSS samples closely resemble distributions reported in the Census and other authoritative sources. Because
of survey non-response, sampling variation, and various other factors the GSS sample does deviate from known population figures for
some variables. The GSS does not calculate any post-stratification weights to adjust for such differences. For relevant discussion of
distributional variation caused by non-response and other factors see GSS Methodological Reports No. 3, 5, 9, 16, 21, 25, 79. 24
21
C. Bruce Stephenson, "Weighting the General Social Surveys for Bias Related to Household Size," GSS Technical Report No. 3,
Chicago: NORC, February, 1978.
22
Tom W. Smith and Bruce L. Peterson, "Problems in Form Randomization on the General Social Surveys," July, 1986.
23
See Tom W. Smith, "Attrition and Bias on the International Social Survey Program Supplement," GSS Methodological Report
No. 42, February, 1986.
24
C. Bruce Stephenson, "Probability with Quotas: An Experiment," GSS Methodological Report No. 3, April, 1979; Tom W. Smith,
Appendix A
Differences from the Census and other changes in distributions due to alterations in sampling include the following:
1. In 1972 blacks were over-represented. The 1972 survey was the last to utilize the 1960 NORC sample frame and it
is believed to have under covered rapidly growing suburban areas.
2. All full-probability samples under-represent males. This is discussed in GSS Methodological Report No. 9.
3. Block quota samples under-represented men in full-time employment, see GSS Methodological Report No. 7.
4. Coverage of Mormons increased significantly when the 1980 sample frame was adopted. This was due to the
addition of a primary sampling unit in Utah. For more details see GSS Methodological Report No. 43.
5. People eighteen years old appear to be under-sampled although this is actually not the case. Age is assigned based
on year of birth and the assumption that one's birthday has already occurred. However, to be in the sample one must
have actually reached his/her eighteenth birthday and since the GSS is fielded in March every year only about
one-quarter of those born eighteen years prior to the current year have reached majority by the interview dates.
Thus nineteen year olds as classified on the GSS consist of approximately one-quarter who have turned nineteen
since the first of the year and three-quarters who will turn nineteen by the end of the calendar year. The same is true
for ages 20 and up. For eighteen year olds on the GSS only those who have turned eighteen since the first of the
year are included. Thus the number of eighteen year olds in the GSS is approximately one-quarter the number of
nineteen year olds (See Appendix E). The "missing" eighteen year olds are not under-represented in the sample, but
are merely counted as nineteen year olds.
Weights for 2004-10 GSS25
Due to the adoption of the non-respondent, sub-sampling design described above, a weight must be employed when using the
2004-08 GSSs. One possibility is to use the variable PHASE and weight by it so that the sub-sampled cases were properly represented.
If one wanted to maintain the original sample size, one would weight by PHASE*0.86258 in 2004 and PHASE*.80853 in 2006, etc.
This weight would only apply to 2004-10 and would not take into account the number of adults weight discussed above. As such, it
would be appropriate for generalizing to households and not to adults. A second possibility is to use the variable WTSS. This variable
takes into consideration a) the sub-sampling of non-respondents, and b) the number of adults in the household. It also essentially
maintains the original sample size. In years prior to 2004+ a one is assigned to all cases so they are effectively unweighted. To adjust
for number of adults in years prior to 2004, a number of adults weight would need to be utilized as described above. WTSSALL takes
WTSS and applies an adult weight to years before 2004. A third possibility is to use the variable WTSSNR. It is similar to WTSS, but
adds in an area non-response adjustment. Thus, this variable takes into consideration a) the sub-sampling of non-respondents, b) the
number of adults in the household, and c) differential non-response across areas. It also essentially maintains the original sample size.
As with WTSS, WTSSNR has a value of one assigned to all pre-2004 cases and as such they are effectively unweighted. Number of
adults can be utilized to make this adjustment for years prior to 2004, but no area non-response adjustment is possible prior to 2004.
Details on the construction of WTSS and WTSSNR follow:
WTSS:
W0: Within each NFA, we calculate a probability of selection, n/N. W0 is the reciprocal of this probability of selection (N/n).
At this point, each observation stands in for a given number of cases in the frame. Because the secondary sample release was
only in the urban NFAs, cases in urban NFAs have a slightly higher probability of selection, and thus a slightly lower
baseweight, than cases in the urban NFAs.
∑W0 = frame size
W1: At the end of Phase I of data collection, we subsampled the non-responding cases with a sampling fraction f=.5 in 2004.
W1 for the selected non-responding cases is then WO*(1/.5) in 2004 or for 2006 is WO*(1/.45), etc. W1 is missing for the
unselected non-responding cases. W1=W0 for cases which were not subsampled.
∑W1 = frame size
"Response Rates on the 1975-1978 General Social Surveys with Comparisons to the Omnibus Surveys of the Survey Research Center,
1972-1976," GSS Methodological Report No. 5, June, 1968; Tom W. Smith, "Sex and the GSS: Nonresponse Differences," GSS
Methodological Report No. 9, August, 1979; Tom W. Smith, "The Hidden 25%: An Analysis of Nonresponse on the 1980 General
Social Survey," GSS Methodological Report No. 16, May, 1981; Tom W. Smith, "Using Temporary Refusers to Estimate
Nonresponse Bias," GSS Methodological Report No. 21, February, 1983; Tom W. Smith, "Discrepancies in Past Presidential Vote,"
GSS Methodological Report No. 25, July, 1982; and Tom W. Smith, "Notes on John Brehm, The Phantom Respondent: Opinion
Surveys and Political Representation." GSS Methodological Report No. 79, 1993.
Appendix A
W2: Next, we adjust the baseweight for eligibility. Not all cases in the frame are truly eligible for the survey: some addresses
in our frame are businesses, do not exist or are unoccupied. We use the eligibility rate of the sampled cases to estimate the
eligibility rate for the frame. We calculate the eligibility rate at the NFA level.
This adjustment sets the weights of the ineligible cases to missing. Cases whose eligibility could not be determined are given
fractional eligibility equal to be eligibility rate for their NFA.
Now the sum of the weights is the estimated number of eligible cases (or occupied housing units) in the frame.
∑W2 = estimated eligible cases in the frame < ∑W1
______________
25 Harter, Rachel, Stephanie Eckman, Ned English, and Colm O’Muircheartaigh (2010). “Applied Sampling for Large-Scale Multi-
Stage Area Probability Designs.” In Handbook of Survey Research, Second Edition, P. Marsden and J. Wright, eds. Elsevier.
We then rescale W3 so that the sum is the total number of completed interviews. This adjustment helps prevent errors that
can arise in SPSS and in some procedures in SAS where the sum of the weights in assumed to be equal to the sample size.
The relative weights are unchanged by this adjustment.
∑ WEIGHT = number of completed interviews
WTSSNR:
W2NR: We next adjust for non-response. Weights for responding cases increase by the reciprocal of the response rate,
calculated at the NFA level. The responding cases take on the additional weight of the non-responding cases. W2NR is
missing for the non-response cases. The sum of the weights is the same as the previous step: the estimated number of eligible
cases in the frame.
∑ W2NR = ∑W2 = estimated eligible cases in the frame
W3: To account for the random selection of an adult respondent, this weight is the household-level weight (W2) multiplied
by the number of adults in the household. The sum of the weights in this step is the total number of adults in all eligible
households in the frame.
∑ W3 = estimated adults in eligible cases in the frame > ∑W2
W3NR: To account for the random selection of an adult respondent, this weight is the non-response adjusted household-level
weight (W2NR) multiplied by the number of adults in the household. The sum of the weights in this step is the total number
of adults in all eligible households in the frame.
∑ W3NR = estimated adults in eligible cases in the frame > ∑W2NR
∑ W3NR = ∑W3
WEIGHT: We then rescale W3 so that the sum is the total number of completed interviews. This adjustment helps prevent
errors that arise in SPSS and in some procedures in SAS where the sum of the weights is assumed to be equal to the sample
size. The relative weights are unchanged by this adjustment.
∑ WEIGHT = number of completed interviews.
WEIGHTNR: We also rescale W3NR so that the sum is the total number of completed interviews. This adjustment helps
prevent errors that can arise in SPSS and in some procedures in SAS where the sum of the weights is assumed to be equal to
the sample size. The relative weights are unchanged by this adjustment.
∑ WEIGHTNR = number of completed interviews
WTSSALL:
As mentioned above, WTSSALL takes WTSS and applies an adult weight to years before 2004. The weight value of
WTSSALL is the same as WTSS for 2004 and after. Thus, researchers who use the GSS data before or after 2004 may
consider using the WTSSALL weight variable.
Calculating Design-Corrected Standard Errors for the General Social Survey, 1975-2012
The General Social Survey (GSS) is an area-probability sample that uses the NORC National Sampling Frame for an equal-
probability multi-stage cluster sample of housing units for the entire United States. Since the sample for the GSS is a cluster sample,
standard errors are larger for the GSS than simple random sample calculations (calculated without correction for the design). To
correctly calculate standard errors, design variables must be used in statistical software (such as SVY in STATA). Without these
design variables, statistical software will assume a simple random sample and underestimate standard errors.
We provide two design variables for every GSS interview from 1975-2012: VSTRAT and VPSU. VSTRAT is the
Appendix A
Variance STRATum while VPSU is the Variance Primary Sampling Unit. The stratum and PSU reflect the first-stage and second-
stage units selected as part of the NORC National Sampling Frame, and are unique to a particular round.
First stage units in the NORC National Sampling Frame are called National Frame Areas, (NFAs), each of which is
composed of one or more counties (previous to the 2010 National Frame, NFAs were called PSUs). The largest urban areas are
selected with certainty to guarantee their representation in NORC’s National Sampling Frame (there were no certainty NFAs prior to
1983). Second-stage stage units in the NORC National Sampling Frame are called segments, each of which is either a block, a group
of blocks, or an entire census tract. The first-stage and second-stage units are selected with probabilities proportional to size (in
housing units), and the sample housing units (third-stage units) are then selected to be an equal-probability sample, which results in
roughly the same number of housing units selected per second-stage sampling unit.
To create the variables VSTRAT and VPSU, we recode the NFAs and segments, depending on whether the NFA was
selected with certainty. In certainty NFAs, segments are paired into strata with one segment assigned to VPSU = 1 while the other
segment is assigned to VPSU = 2. Often, small segments are combined into one VPSU. Non-certainty NFAs are paired into strata
with one NFA assigned to VPSU = 1 while the other NFA is assigned to VPSU = 2. It is rare, but possible, for NFAs to be combined
in one VPSU. This strategy has been adapted from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, 1997 cohort strategy designed by Kirk
Wolter.
Here is sample Stata code to analyze the variable ANALYSISVAR within a GSSDATAFILE with the weight variable WTVAR
(either WTSSALL or WTSSNR):
use GSSDATAFILE.dta, clear
svyset vpsu [weight=WTVAR], strata (vstrat)
svy: proportion ANALYSISVAR // point estimates and design adjusted s.e.'s
svy: tabulate ANALYSISVAR, deff //deff
tab ANALYSISVAR [weight=round(WTVAR,1.0)] // Weighted frequency
Note that it is possible to combine multiple years of GSS data into one GSSDATAFILE. SPSS is menu-driven, so no code is given
here, but you can create design-corrected standard errors within SPSS using the Complex Samples add-on.
TIME
If the merged GSS is thought of as designed to equally sample time, there are numerous deviations due to such factors as 1)
sample size variation across surveys, 2) the absence of surveys in 1979, 1981, 1992, and in odd years after 1993, 3) experiments (See
Appendix O), 4) switching of items from permanent to rotating status, 5) switching from across-survey rotation to sub-sample rotation,
6) late starting and terminated time series, or 7) some combination of these. For more information on these issues and possible
adjustments see GSS Methodological Report No. 52.26
____________
26 Tom W. Smith, "Rotation Designs of the GSS," Chicago: NORC, February, 1988.
Appendix A
Table A.8
NON‑RESPONSE RATES ON THE 1975‑2012 GENERAL SOCIAL SURVEYS
(Full Probability Samples Only)
Dispostion of Cases Surveys
1975 1976 1977 1978 1980 1982 1982B 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1987B 1988 1989 1990 1991 1993 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012
A. Original Sample 1102 1113 2317 2344 2210 2221 2900 2222 2157 2201 2192 2250 4750 2250 2250 2165 2312 2296 4559 4559 4567 4883 4890 6260 9535 4220 4093 4100
a a
B. -Out of Sample 11 16 0 20 1 0 2258 3 0 0 0 0 3916 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
C. -Not a Dwelling Unit 43 126 93 130 117 84 77 45 73 77 106 78 57 70 85 65 103 158 158 242 152 638 392 230 178 175
116 219
D. -Vacant 74 217 190 197 245 172 197 227 176 206 328 261 212 232 256 246 524 493 573 531 622 608 1058 424 467 351
E. -Language Problem 27 33 54 59 46 46 6 31 52 28 49 43 0 52 72 47 67 66 143 136 146 178 209 301 139 57 60 43
F. +New Dwelling Unit 24 44 79 102 97 129 77 82 42 47 50 21 42 57 74 41 46 31 57 43 55 94 36 0 41 39 30 50
G. Net Sample 972 991 1999 2084 1933 1942 494 2014 1873 1948 1944 1945 442 1916 1981 1857 1950 1950 3846 3814 3745 4026 3943 4713 7987 3548 3418 3581
H. Completed Cases 735 744 1530 1532 1468 1506 354 1599 1473 1534 1470 1466 353 1481 1537 1372 1517 1606 2992 2904 2832 2817 2765 2812 4510 2023 2044 1974
I. Refusals 162 339

206 417 309 297 66 320 320 344 365 358 57 359 346 355 323 285 708 757 755 1044 1031 621 987 410 527 390
J. Break-offs 2 7
K. No one Home to 22 54 48 30 41 17 23 22 46 5 19 26 61
Complete Screener 56 49 54 18 18 60 66 97 59 65 48 20 38 44
L. R Unavailable Entire 13 26 22 38 23 18 8 13 20 3 7
Field Period 41 8 15
M. Ill 12 21 37
43 75 18 60 31 39 74 55 24 50 59 54 56 41 128 93 92 68- 88- 130 185 73 73 98
N. Other 26 44 51
G. Net Sample 972 991 1999 2084 1933 1942 494 2014 1873 1948 1944 1945 442 1916 1981 1857 1950 1950 3846 3814 3745 4026 3943 3628 4510 2023 2044 2506
Eligibility Rate (G/A) 0.882 0.890 0.863 0.889 0.875 0.874 0.170 0.906 0.868 0.885 0.887 0.864 0.093 0.85 0.88 0.858 0.84 0.849 0.844 0.837 0.820 0.824 0.806 0.753 0.838 0.833 0.835 0.863
b
Reponse Rate (H/G) 0.756 0.751 0.765 0.735 0.759 0.775 0.717 0.794 0.786 0.787 0.756 0.754 0.799 0.77 0.78 0.739 0.78 0.824 0.778 0.761 0.756 0.700 0.701 0.704 0.712 0.704 0.703 0.714
b
Refusal Rate (I+J/G) 0.169 0.208 0.173 0.200 0.160 0.153 0.134 0.159 0.171 0.177 0.188 0.184 0.129 0.19 0.18 0.191 0.17 0.146 0.184 0.198 0.202 0.259 0.261 0.225 0.233 0.241 0.245 0.210
b
Unavailable Rate (K+L/G) 0.036 -- 0.040 0.034 0.035 0.033 0.113 0.017 0.026 0.016 0.018 0.034 0.018 0.01 0.02 0.041 0.03 0.009 0.005 0.016 0.018 0.024 0.015 0.024 0.011 0.012 0.018 0.023
b
Other Rate (M+N/G) 0.039 -- 0.022 0.031 0.046 0.039 0.036 0.030 0.017 0.02 0.038 0.028 0.054 0.03 0.030 0.029 0.03 0.021 0.033 0.024 0.025 0.017 0.022 0.047 0.044 0.043 0.034 0.053
a
Includes screened households with no Blacks.
b
This corresponds to RR5 (response rate 5) in the American Association for Public Opinion Research's
Standard Definitions of the Final Dispositions of Case Codes and Outcome Rates for RDD Telephone Surveys and In-Person Household Surveys (2006).
c
Refusal rate 3 in AAPOR's Standards.
REMARKS: In 2004+ the rate is a weighted response rate as provided in AAPOR (2006). The case figures in the 2004+ columns do not yield the
calculated rates because they are unweighted. Also, see Appendix A, "Non-response sub-sampling" on the sub-sampling on non-respondents in 2004+
Appendix B
APPENDIX B:
FIELD WORK AND INTERVIEWER SPECIFICATIONS
1972-2000
This study employed standard field procedures for national surveys, including interviewer hiring and training by area supervisors in
interviewing locations when necessary. The sampling procedures were reviewed by having interviewers take a training quiz after they
had studied the sampling instructions specific to this study (see Appendix A for a discussion of the sample). Around the same time,
publicity materials were sent to area supervisors; these included letters to be mailed locally to the Chief of Police, the Better Business
Bureau, the Chamber of Commerce, and the various news media.
After these steps were completed, interviewers received materials needed for data collection (assignments, specifications, blank
interview schedules). Each interviewer completed one practice interview which was evaluated at NORC. Actual interviewing then
commenced; completed interviews were immediately returned to NORC where they were edited for completeness and accuracy.
Twenty percent of the interviews were validated. Feedback on specific problems was given to individual interviewers and on general
problems to all interviewers.
Once field work was completed, the edited questionnaires were coded and keypunched, and the resulting data were cleaned (see
Appendix C: General Coding Instructions).
The following section contains the interviewer specifications in one continuous listing. Originally, the specifications were com-
municated to interviewers by means of an annotated interview schedule and memoranda on specific interviewing problems. The
specifications inform the interviewers of the intent of the question, provide caution signals where a potential problem may exist, and
recommend probes or provide interpretations which can be suggested to the respondent should the respondent have difficulty in under-
standing the question. All the specifications work toward increasing the internal validity of the data collected.
Questions which had no specifications are not included in this section. If a specification or explanation modifies an entire ques-
tion, the question is not repeated here. If a specification modifies one response category, or only one section of the question, the
modified portion is repeated here and appears in brackets "[ ]."
Specifications from the most recent survey are given first. Earlier specifications are given next. Notes about additions, omissions,
etc. refer to the immediately preceding entry. "None" means that no specification was used that year. Questions not listed below have
never had specifications.
2002+
In 2002 the GSS switched to computer assisted Personal Interviewing (CAPI). There are no printed questionnaires, but the show-
cards are still printed. Manual edits and keypunching are eliminated. Training now includes learning how to operate CAPI. Data
validation and cleaning remains similar to pre-CAPI procedures described above.
Appendix B
GSS Year Field start date Field end date

1975 2/28/75 5/15/75
1976 2/28/76 5/29/76
1977 2/9/77 4/24/77
1978 2/13/78 4/29/78
1980 1/18/80 5/16/80
1982 2/11/82 4/27/82
1982B 2/11/82 4/27/82
1983 2/23/83 4/27/83
1984 2/6/84 4/20/84
1985 2/9/85 4/23/85
1986 2/14/86 4/24/86
1987 1/31/87 4/28/87
1987B 1/31/87 4/28/87
1988 2/12/88 4/26/88
1989 2/4/89 5/1/89
1990 2/6/90 4/22/90
1991 2/9/91 5/6/91
1993 2/5/93 4/26/93
1994 1/27/94 5/31/94
1996 2/1/96 5/25/96
1998 2/1/98 6/18/98
2000 2/1/00 6/25/00
2002 2/6/02 6/26/02
2004 8/18/04 1/4/05
2006 3/7/06 8/7/06
2008 4/17/08 9/13/08
2010 3/15/10 8/12/10
2012 3/20/12 9/05/12
* 1982B and 1987B are black oversample cases.
Appendix B
Question
Mnemonic Interviewer Specifications
1978, 80, 82, 83-91, 93-2012
WRKSTAT Accept R's definition of working full time or part time. Do not define these terms for R. By "working" and "job" we
mean: working for pay at a job, or running his/her [one's] own business or profession (or farm), or working without
pay in [a] family farm or business.
[SMALLEST CODE NUMBER] Example: If R was working part time and also going to school, circle [code] "2."
1977, 82, 83
Adds [Other] example: "disabled."
1976
Adds "or 'too ill'" to last line.
1973-75
Let the R decide if R was working full or part time.
If R was working part time and was also going to school, circle code 2.
By job, we mean: working for pay at a job or running own business or profession (or farm), or working without pay
in family business (or farm).
"Other" might be disabled or too ill to work.
1972
For example: If working full time and part time, code "1." If working part time and in school, code "2."
[other (SPECIFY AND ASK A)] For example: Might be disabled or too ill to work.
1982-91, 93-2012
OCC, PRESTIGE, WRKSLF, WRKGOVT, COMMUTE, INDUSTRY, OCC80, PRESTG80, INDUS80

[did you] Use[d] [only] if not currently working. If R is retired from one occupation, but now working at something
else, record current occupation. Probe for full description of occupation and see spex for PAOCC16, PAPRES16,
PAWRKSLF, and PAIND16.
1976-78, 80
[did you normally] Used if not currently working. If R is retired from one occupation, but now working at some-
thing else, record current occupation. Probe for full description of occupation and industry. [and] See instructions,
PAOCC16, PAPRES16, PAWRKSLF, and PAIND16.
1974-75
[did you normally] only used if not currently working. If more than one job--probe for main job--one that
R considers most important. See Question 8 for interviewer instructions on job descriptions. This question
applies also to people who may be retired from one occupation, but are now working at something else. We want
what they are doing NOW.
Appendix B
1972-73
OCC, PRESTIGE, WRKSLF, WRKGOVT, COMMUTE, INDUSTRY, OCC80, PRESTG80, INDUS80 (Cont.)
[did you normally] only used if not currently working. If more than one job─probe for main job─one that R.
considers most important. See Question 8 for interviewer instructions on job descriptions.
1982-91, 93-2012
MARITAL [married] Include legal marriage or living together as married. Accept R's definition of "married." [separated] In-
cludes informal as well as legal separation.
AGEWED If necessary, probe for approximate age: For example: "About how old were you?"
DIVORCE [legally] legal separation gained through a court.
WIDOWED [Widowed] refers to having a marriage terminated by the death of your current spouse. If one is divorced and the
ex-spouse dies, you are (1994-98: not a widow.) not widowed.
1976-78, 80
MARITAL [Separated] Includes legal as well as informal separation. (1980, switches order of legal and informal)
AGEWED If necessary, probe for approximate age: "About how old were you . . . ?"
1975
AGEWED Probe for approximate age, if necessary. For example: "About how old ...?"
DIVORCE Here we only want legal separation gained through a court.
Omits DIVORCE.
1985-91, 93-2012
SPWRKSTA See WRKSTAT, HRS1, HRS2, EVWORK, OCC, PRESTIGE, WRKSLF, WRKGOVT, COMMUTE, and
INDUSTRY for spex.
1982, 83
See WRKSTAT, HRS1, HRS2, EVWORK, OCC, PRESTIGE, WRKSLF, WRKGOVT, COMMUTE, and
INDUSTRY for spex.
1978, 80, 84
See WRKSTAT, HRS1, and HRS2 for instructions.
1973-77
Same instructions as for WRKSTAT, HRS1, and HRS2.
1972
See interviewer instructions for WRKSTAT, HRS1, and HRS2.
1988-91, 93-2012
SPOCC, SPPRES, SPWRKSLF, SPIND, SPOCC80, SPPRES80, SPIND80

Self-employed people are those who:
Appendix B
1) work for profit or fees in their own unincorporated business, profession, or trade, or who operate a farm
2) are unpaid family workers who work without pay in a business or on a farm operated by a relative
3) work for their own incorporated business
Self-employed people include independent contractors and sub- contractors, free lance writers, many consultants, etc.
A person is not self-employed if s/he runs or manages a branch of a bank/chain, is CEO in a publicly [SIC] held
company, a real estate sales person as opposed to an independent broker, etc.
1978, 80, 82-87, 1998, 2000-02
See OCC, PRESTIGE, WRKSLF, WRKGOVT, COMMUTE, and INDUSTRY for instructions. Read "your hus-
band" or "your wife" as applicable. [82, 88, 96 reads: See spex for OCC, PRESTIGE, WRKSLF, WRKGOVT,
COMMUTE, and INDUSTRY]
1977
See instructions for OCC, PRESTIGE, WRKSLF, WRKGOVT, COMMUTE, and INDUSTRY. Read "your hus-
band" or "your wife" as applicable.
1976
See instructions for OCC, PRESTIGE, WRKSLF, WRKGOVT, COMMUTE, and INDUSTRY. For "spouse," read
"husband" or "wife" as applicable.
1973-75
See instructions for OCC, PRESTIGE, WRKSLF, WRKGOVT, COMMUTE, and INDUSTRY.
1972
[Spouse] Read husband or wife as applicable.
See question 2 for interviewer instructions.
1976-78, 80, 82-91, 93-2012
PAOCC16, PAPRES16, PAWRKSLF, PAIND16, PAOCC80, PAPRES80, PAIND80, MAOCC80, MAPRES80, MAWRKSLF,
MAIND80
[FATHER SUBSTITUTE] Read "stepfather" or "uncle," etc. if R. did not live with own father. (82-91, 93, 96: If R.
did not live with own father, read "Stepfather, [or] uncle, etc.") [1994-2012: If R did not live with own mother, read
step-mother (or aunt), etc.
Probe for full description of occupation and industry. It is important to get the kind of business or industry, and to
get it crystal clear. The name of the company or employer is not necessary and in most instances will not tell us
what respondent actually does in his job. The kind of business or industry is crucial to our properly classifying the
job. [1994: Probe for full description of occupation. If mother [96-2012: "just" mother] substitute had more than one
kind of work while R was growing up, ask for work around the time R was 16 years old. If more than one job at a
time, probe for the main job, i.e., Job at which person spent most hours.]
It is important that we have detailed information concerning the kind of business. A description such as "auto-
mobiles" is far from sufficient─this could mean an auto factory, a new car dealership, a used car lot, a car rental
agency, a car wash, a car repair shop, an automobile importer, or something else. Probe fully using sub-questions A
through E to find out exactly what kind of business or industry it is.
Respondents, of course, have no way of knowing that the classifying of occupations is very difficult and we need all
the information we can get. It is your job to obtain the information. To give you an idea of the difficulty involved,
the Bureau of the Census [96: has listed more than 90] lists 91 different types of "laborers." How can we properly
classify the respondent if all we have to go on is "laborer" as a job description? If you find out just what it is that he
Appendix B
[82-91, 93: the person] does as a "laborer," then we can properly classify him [82-91, 93: him/her, 96: the person].
Don't be content with a job title. "Maintenance man [82-91, 93: person]" could mean a person [82-91, 93-2012:
someone] who maintains large and complicated machinery, or a janitor, or something else. Find out what he [82-91,
93: he/she, 96: the person] does as a maintenance man [82-91, 93: person]. "Office work" can mean supervising
typists, being a typist, being a file clerk, supervising the entire office, or something else. Find out what he [82-91,
93: he/she, 96: the person] does in the office.
"Farmer" is definitely not a good description. It is incomplete because the person may . . .
--own a farm,
--or rent a farm,
--or be a sharecropper (working on someone else's land for
a share of the crop or a share of the value of the crop),
--or work without pay on his [82-91, 93: his/her]
family's farm,
--or be a farm laborer for wages,
--or be a foreman on a farm.
When you receive the response "farmer," find out which of these possibilities applies to the person, so we can
properly classify his [82-91, 93: his/her] occupation.
If father, or father substitute, had more than one kind of work while R. was growing up, ask for work around the time
R. was 16 years old. If more than one job at [96: a] that time, probe for the [82: "the" omitted] main job, i.e., the
[82-91, 93-2012: "the" omitted] job at which person spent most hours.
1973-75
If father or father substitute had more than one kind of work, ask for work around time R. was 16. If more than one
at that time, probe for main job.
This occupation question has been slightly reformatted. As always, we need a complete description of occupation
and industry. The order in which you get the information asked in A through D does not make any difference─the
important thing is that it is all there.
It is important to get the kind of business or industry, and to get it crystal clear. The name of the company or emplo-
yer is not necessary and in most instances will not tell us what the respondent actually does in his job. The kind of
business or industry is crucial to our properly classifying the job.
It is important that we have detailed information concerning the kind of business. A description such as "automobil-
es" is far from sufficient─this could mean an auto factory, a new car dealership, a used car lot, a car rental agency, a
car wash, a car repair shop, an automobile importer, or something else. Probe fully using sub-questions A through D
to find out exactly what kind of business or industry it is.
Respondents, of course, have no way of knowing that the classifying of occupations is very difficult and we need
all the information we can get. It is your job to obtain the information. To give you an idea of the difficulty involv-
ed, the Bureau of Census lists 91 different types of "laborers." How can we properly classify the respondent if all we
have to go on is "Laborer" as a job description? If you find out just what it is that he does as a "laborer," then we can
properly classify him.
1972
Adds following at end:
Don't be content with a job title. "Maintenance man" could mean a person who maintains large and complicated
machinery, or a janitor, or something else. Find out what he does as a maintenance man. "Office work" can mean
supervising typists, being a typist, being a file clerk, supervising the entire office, or something else. Find out what
he does in the office.
"Farmer" is definitely not a good job description. It is incomplete because the person may . . .
Appendix B
--own a farm,
--or rent a farm,
--or be a sharecropper (working on someone else's land for
a share of the crop or a share of the value of the
crop),
--or work without pay on his family's farm,
--or be a farm laborer for wages,
--or be a foreman on a farm.
When you receive the response "farmer," find out which of these possibilities applies to the person, so we can
properly classify his occupation.
1982-91, 93-2012
SIBS [brothers and sisters] Do not include R.
1978, 1980
Be careful not to include R.
1976-77
Be careful not to include R. in count.
1973-75
This means altogether, not when R. was 16. If none, or less than 10, circle appropriate code. If 10 or more, enter
exact number in boxes.
1972
That is all together─not at age 16.
1976-78, 80, 82-91, 93-2012
CHILDS Ask everyone, regardless of age, sex or marital status.
1974-75
Ask everyone─regardless of age, sex or marital status. [Including any you had from a previous marriage]. If never
married omit this phrase.
[you ever had] refers to children born to (or fathered by) R.
1972-73
Omits: Last two lines.
1996, 98
AGE [month] enter correct number.
1976-78, 80
If R. isn't sure, probe for closest estimate (best guess).

Appendix B
1996, 98
AGEKDBRN If necessary probe for approximate age; for example: "About how old were you?"
1976-78, 80, 82-91, 93-2012
EDUC, PAEDUC, MAEDUC, SPEDUC, DEGREE, PADEG, MADEG, SPDEG

[finished and got credit for] Includes schooling the person may have received in night school or special classes
toward a high school diploma. If foreign schooling, probe for closest equivalent to U.S. grades.
[don't know] Probe for best guess.
Ask "B" regardless of answer to "A."
[college for credit] toward an academic degree. If impossible to decide [82-91, 93-96: determine] whether person's
schooling was "college for credit," record verbatim, including number of years, and do not code. [1978, 80, 82-86,
88-91, 93-2012 omit "earning credit."]
[HIGHEST DEGREE EARNED] If not sure [96,98: of] how to code, record verbatim. (1978, 80 place clause last.)
(1982 - 1991, 1993-2012 add "and do not code.")
1975
For mother, father, or substitute, refer to FAMILY16 and FAMDIF16. Ask of spouse if currently married.
Otherwise, write not applicable and skip that section of the question. [RECODED]
If not sure how to code degree, record verbatim.
If foreign schooling probe for closest equivalent to U.S. grades. If R. unsure, record country and probe for details on
education.
[not including schooling such as business college, technical, or vocational school] If you cannot decide whether a
person's schooling was regular college (toward an academic degree)─or technical or vocational training, record
description verbatim, record how many years of what, and do not code. If "nursing" find out how many years of
training, if any, counted for credit towards college degree.
1974
For mother, father, or substitute, refer to FAMILY16 and FAMDIF16. Ask of spouse if currently married. Other-
wise, write not applicable and skip that section of the question. [RECODED]
1972-73
Please circle codes carefully so we can tell which code you mean. For mother, father, or substitute, refer to
FAMILY16 and FAMDIF16. Ask of spouse if currently married. Otherwise, write not applicable and skip that sec-
tion of the question. [RECODED]
1994-2012
SEX DO NOT FORGET THIS.

Appendix B
1973, 74, 75
Don't forget this.
1972
Do not forget!
1998, 2000-02
RACE [Interviewer Remark (in 1998: applicable to versions 1-3 only)] NOTE! CODE WITHOUT ASKING
FOR ALL RESPONDENTS EVEN IF UNCERTAIN
1977-78, 80, 82-91, 93-94, 98
[Code without asking only if there is no doubt in your mind] NOTE!
1976
Ask if you're not sure. See Census definition below: "A person should be classified as OTHER only if he is Ameri-
can Indian, Japanese, Chinese, Filipino, Asian Indian, Korean, Polynesian, Indonesian, Hawaiian, Aleut, or Eskimo.
A person is classified as BLACK only if he is American Negro; or if he is African, West Indian, or Puerto Rican who
appears to be black. All other persons are classified as WHITE. This includes Mexicans, Spaniards, and also Afric-
ans, West Indians, or Puerto Ricans who appear to be white."
1972-75
If there is no doubt as to R's race, code without asking. If you have any doubt, ASK.
Please study the following guidelines for classification of race, as derived from Census definitions. If, in the inter-
view situation, you have any reason to be unsure of the respondent's race, according to the definitions given here, ask
the question as printed in the questionnaire. Then record the response verbatim and circle the appropriate code and
check the box provided.
A person should be classified as OTHER only if he is American Indian, Japanese, Chinese, Filipino, Asian Indian,
Korean, Polynesian, Indonesian, Hawaiian, Aleut or Eskimo.
A person is classified as BLACK only if he is American Negro; or if he is African, West Indian, or Puerto Rican, and
also appears to be black.
All other persons are classified as WHITE. This includes Mexicans, Spaniards, and also Africans, West Indians, or
Puerto Ricans who appear to be white.
1978, 80, 82-91, 93-2012
REG16, MOBILE16
Do not circle codes in (on) the list.
(1996: Circle state code on the list.)
Example: "Florida" = 59. (Omitted in 1989)
[WASHINGTON.....55] District of Columbia
[WASHINGTON.....91] State of Washington
(1982 - 1991: [Washington State] Note!)
[FOREIGN COUNTRY] SPECIFY IF NEEDED
(1982: Specify if code entered above.)
(1983, 84, 85-91, 93: [Specify] Note!)
[city/town/county] INCLUDE SUBURBS. Read "city" if you are in a city; "town" if you are in a town; "suburb" if
you are in a suburb; and "county" if you are interviewing in a rural area.
Appendix B
1976-77
Example: "Arkansas" = 71. [IF STATE NAMED IS SAME STATE R. LIVES IN NOW, ASK A.] That is, the
same state in which you are conducting this interview.
[city/town/county] Read "city" if you are in a city; "town" if you are in a town; and "county" if you are interviewing
in a rural area. City includes suburbs.
1975
Omits "Example: 'Arkansas' = 71."
1972-74
Omits "City includes suburbs."
1978, 80, 82-91, 93-2012
FAMILY16, FAMDIF16
If R. was living with mother and male relative other than father (e.g., grandfather and uncle [1982, 83, 88-91, 93-
2012: uncle, grandfather] [1984-87: grandfather, uncle], code "other" and specify. Same applies for living with
father and other female relative (e.g., aunt, older sister, grandmother). [1982-86, 88-91, 93-2012: If R. was living
with father and female relative other than mother, (e.g., aunt, grandmother) code "other" and specify.] If you are
(82-90: omits "you are") not sure how to code, record verbatim and do not code.
[What happened?] That is, what happened to your parent(s), why weren't you living with them?
1976-77
Adds [BEFORE THAT] Note!
1974-75
If R. married or left home by age 16 then "Before you (got married/left home) were you living with your own mother
and father?" If you are not sure how to code, record verbatim and do not code.
If R. was living with mother and male relative other than father (grandfather, uncle), code "other" and specify. Same
applies for living with father and other female relative (aunt, older sister, grandmother).
1973
Omits paragraph 2.
1972
None.
1976-78, 80, 82-91, 93-2012
MAWORK Ask this question if the R. lived with own mother, regardless of who else was [1982 - 1991, 1993 - 1996: lived] in
the household.
1975
Ask if R. lived with own mother, regardless of who else lived in household.
1973-74
None.
Appendix B
1996-2012
MAWRKGRW Ask this question if the R lived with own mother regardless of who else lived in the household.
1976-78, 80, 82-91, 93-94
INCOM16 If not living in the U.S. at age 16, ask R. to compare family income in country of residence.
1972-75
None.
1998, 2000
PARBORN If the respondent is uncertain of parent, use same persons as specified in FAMILY16.
1996
None.
1983-91, 93-94
[Use . . . 27] Note!
1982
[FAMILY16] This is the same person asked about in PAEDUC and MAEDUC.
1996-2012
GRANBORN None.
1982-1994
[No] Arrow to "If No."
1977-78, 80
Do not ask "A" if all four grandparents were born in the U.S.
1977-78, 80, 82-91, 93-2012
HOMPOP, BABIES, PRETEEN, TEENS, ADULTS

None.
1976
Ask HOMPOP, BABIES, PRETEEN, TEENS, and ADULTS of everyone─both Block Quota and Area Probability
Rs. Remember to zero fill.
1975
The Census table of rules is used to determine who should and should not be included in the household listing.
Residents of this house include people who: live in this household but are temporarily absent on a visit, business trip,
Appendix B
vacation, or in connection with job; members of armed forces that are stationed on a nearby installation but living
off-post in this household; officer or crew member of merchant vessel if vessel ordinarily goes on trips of less than
24 hours duration; college student attending college but living in this household; student away attending school
below college level; live in this household most of the time because they work nearby but have a home elsewhere
they stay weekends or less frequently; American citizens abroad temporarily on vacation; citizens of foreign country
studying or working in the U.S. All others are not to be included.
1972-74
Adds following to 1975 specifications:

If none to B, C, D, or E, enter 00 in appropriate boxes.
[Check answers with respondent] Go back and correct total if necessary.
1996-2012
UNRELAT None.
1977-78, 80, 82-91, 93-94
[# of PERSONS] Be sure to "zero" fill.
1975-76
None.
1972-74
[related] by blood, marriage, or adoption.
1996-2012
EARNRS None.
1984, 85, 88-91, 93-94
Be sure to "zero" fill.
1976-78, 80, 82, 83, 86-87
None.
1973-75
This question is designed to get total number of wage earners in the household who are related to R. If no persons
earned income in 1974 enter 0.
1972
Here we want total number of wage earners in the family related to R. If no person earned income in 1971 enter 0.
1976-78, 80, 82-91, 93-2012
INCOME, RINCOME, INCOME72, INCOME82, INCOME86, INCOME91, INCOME98

[total family income] i.e., from all family members. Read this statement to Rs as appropriate: "Total income
includes interest or dividends, rent, Social Security, other pensions, alimony or child support, unemployment com-
pensation, public aid (welfare), armed forces or veteran's allotment."
1973-75
Appendix B
In addition to employment income, other kinds of income could be: interest or dividends, rent, social security, other
pensions, alimony or child support, unemployment compensation, public aid (welfare), armed forces or Veteran Ad-
ministration allotment.
This question is designed to get total income for all family members in household, from all sources--employment and
all other in 1972-74.
Probe for best guess before accepting a "don't know." "Which category would you guess comes closest to your total
family income last year?"
1972
Omits: Last paragraph.
1982-91, 93-2012
RINCOME, RINCOM77, RINCOM82, RINCOM86, RINCOM91, RINCOM98

This Q. is concerned with income from occupation described in OCC, PRESTIGE, WRKSLF, WRKGOVT, COMMUTE,
INDUSTRY rather than a specific job or employer, i.e. [1985,86, 88-91, 93: Substitutes "Example:" for "i.e."; 1994-96:
"That is, ...] If R's occupation is "sales clerk" you would ask for total income in 19[XX] as a "sales clerk" even if R worked
in several different places during the year. [1984-91, 93-2012: Record R's income only from job described in OCC, not
from any other jobs or sources.]
1977-78, 80
Record Rs income only from job described in OCC, not from and other jobs or sources. This question is
concerned with OCCUPATION, rather than specific job or employer. EXAMPLE: If Rs occupation was "waitress,"
you would ask for total income in 197(6) as waitress. . . even if she worked in several different places during the year.
1976
Note instruction: SEE OCC, PRESTIGE, WRKSLF, WRKGOVT, COMMUTE, INDUSTRY. IF ANY OCCUPA-
TION RECORDED, ASK INCOME. Read job title from OCC. Record R's income only from job described in OCC,
not from any other jobs or sources. This question is concerned with OCCUPATION, rather than specific job or
employer. EXAMPLE: If R's occupation was "waitress," you would ask for total income in 1975 as a
waitress...even if she worked in several different places during the year.
1974, 75
NOTE INSTRUCTIONS. Read job title from OCC. This question is concerned only with any income R. earned
from occupation described in OCC, not any other income from other sources or income of other family members.
1977, 78, 80, 82-91, 93-2012
PARTYID None.
1976
[Other party affiliation] Probe for "other political party" and specify.
Read appropriate word─"Democrat" or "Republican."
1972-75
Read appropriate word─"Democrat" or "Republican."

Appendix B
1973
VOTE68, PRES68
See instructions for VOTE72.
1972
If refused or don't know, go to VOTE72.
If [did not vote] or ineligible.
1978, 80, 82
VOTE72, PRES72, IF72WHO, VOTE76

None.
1976-77
If R says "I wouldn't have voted for either one, that's why I didn't vote," record verbatim and do not code.
[IF DID NOT VOTE] Includes those ineligible.
1975
None.
1972-74
If refused or don't know, go to [next question].

If [did not vote] or ineligible.
1974, 75, 77, 78, 80, 82-91, 93-2012
POLVIEWS [political. . . yourself] Stress.
1976
[political. . . yourself] Stress.

Point to the card as you read this question.
1983
POLVIEW7, POLVIEWX
Do not define terms.
1980, 82-91, 93-2012
NATENVIR, NATHEAL, NATCRIME, NATDRUG, NATEDUC, NATRACE, NATARMS, NATAID, NATFARE, NATROAD,
NATSOC, NATMASS, NATPARK, NATCHLD, NATSCI, NATSPACY, NATENVIY, NATHEALY, NATCITYY,
NATCRIMY, NATDRUGY, NATEDUCY, NATRACEY, NATARMSY, NATAIDY, NATFAREY, NATSPACZ,
NATENVIZ, NATHEALZ, NATCITYZ, NATCRIMZ, NATDRUGZ, NATEDUCZ, NATRACEZ, NATARMSZ,
NATAIDZ, NATFAREZ, NATROADZ, NATSOCZ, NATMASSZ, NATPARKZ
Repeat categories as necessary. Do not attempt to define items.

Appendix B
1977-78
Repeat categories as necessary. Do not explain or define items A-K (NATSPACY-Z, NATENVIY-Z, NATHEALY-
Z, NATCITYY-Z, NATCRIMY-Z, NATDRUGY-Z, NATEDUCY-Z, NATRACEY-Z, NATARMSY-Z,
NATAIDY-Z, NATFAREY-Z).
1974-76
Read each item. Circle one code for each. Repeat categories as necessary. Do not try to explain.
1973
Adds "or define items for R" to end.
1984
EQUAL1-8 Do not define terms.
1984
EQUAL1-8 [shuffle the grey cards] Note!

Do not define terms.
1978, 80, 83, 84, 86-91, 93-2012
EQWLTH, EQWLTHY
If R doesn't understand, reread the instructions slowly.
1982, 84, 85, 87-91, 93-2012
TAX If R says, "I do not pay income tax," record response [1996: omitted response] verbatim and do not code
1977, 80, 82, 84, 85, 87-91, 93-2012
LIBATH [teach] EXAMPLE: Just teach in general, regardless of subject. [1982, 84: omit "EXAMPLE."]
1976
[teach] i.e., just teach in general, regardless of subject.
1973-74
Read city, if city; town, if in a town; and community, if in a rural area.
If asked "teach what?" ask "Just in general, regardless of what the subject is."
1972
Omits first two lines.
1980, 82, 84-85, 87-91, 93-2012
SPKRAC, COLRAC, LIBRAC

Omits first line.
1977, 98
Appendix B
[(Negroes/Blacks)] Use either term, depending on customary usage in your area of the country.
[genetically] You may explain this as "by birth."
1977, 80, 82, 84, 85, 87-91, 93-2012
SPKCOM, COLCOM, LIBCOM

[Communist] Do not define.
1976
Do not define "Communist."
1972-74
Do not attempt to define Communist. The three sub-questions assume the person is well qualified to teach and is
doing a good job─the only issue is that he is a Communist. If R says, "It depends" (For example: "On what the
speech is about"), try for an overall opinion by probing, "Well, in general, in the case of a man who admits he is a
Communist, do you think . . . ?"
1977, 80, 82, 84, 85, 87-91, 93-2012
80A, 80B, 80C

[Advocates] You may explain: "speaks in favor of."
1976
You may explain "advocates" as "speaks in favor of."
1972-74
None.
1976-78, 80, 82-91, 93-2012
CAPPUN2, CAPPUN
If R says "depends" repeat Q. with "In general." If R can't decide, code DK.
1973-75
If R says ["it depends"], probe by repeating the question. If R can't decide, code DK.
1972
If R says "it depends" probe by repeating the question. "For persons convicted of murder are you in favor of the
death penalty?" If can't decide, code don't know.
1980, 82-91, 93-2012
COURTS, COURTSY
[in this area] Means around here, in this locality.
1977-78
None.
Appendix B
1976
[about right] Circle only if volunteered.
1975
[about right] Do not read this category. Code only if volunteered.
1973-74
None.
1972
Do read the category [about right]; code if volunteered only.
1977-78, 82, 83, 85, 86, 88-91, 93-94
WIRTAP If R asks, WIRE TAPPING means EAVESDROPPING on a person through the use of an electronic listening device.
(1982 and 1983 omit "on a person.")
1974-75
None.
1977, 80, 82, 84, 85, 87-91, 93-94
COMMUN, COMMUN10
[Communism] Do not define.
1976
Do not define "Communism."
1973-74
None.
1986, 1988-91, 93-94
RUSSIA, JAPAN, ENGLAND, CANADA, BRAZIL, CHINA, ISRAEL, EGYPT

Circle one code each for each item (RUSSIA, JAPAN, ENGLAND, CANADA, BRAZIL, CHINA). Circle code on
same line as R's choice on the scale. For example: If R rates Israel "+1" circle code "05" in column B or if R rates
Canada "+5" circle code "01" in column C.
1982, 83, 85(X)
Circle one code for each item (RUSSIA, JAPAN, ENGLAND, CANADA, BRAZIL, CHINA, ISRAEL, EGYPT).
Circle code on same line as R's choice on the scale. For example: If R rates Brazil "+1" circle code "05" in column
E or if R rates England "+5," circle code "01" in column C.
1985(Y)
Circle one code for each item (RUSSIA, JAPAN, ENGLAND, CANADA, BRAZIL, CHINA). Circle code on same
line as R's choice on the scale.
1977
Circle the code opposite R's choice. EXAMPLE: R rates Brazil "+1," circle code 05 in column E.
Appendix B
1975
If R asks, "China" refers to Mainland, or Red China.
1974
Note that the 8 items (RUSSIA, JAPAN, ENGLAND, CANADA, BRAZIL, CHINA, ISRAEL, EGYPT) are broken
into two groups of four. This was done just to make it easier for you to code responses without getting lost on the
page.
1996, 98
RELIG "Protestant" includes any post-Reformation Christian denominations─Mormons, Christian Scientists, Jehovah's
Witnesses, etc. are all Protestants.
If Christian is mentioned in the lead-in, probe to see if this is a reference to a specific denomination. DON'T enter
Christian as an "Other" (Code 5) unless R means he/she is a generic Christian with no denominational preference or
membership.
For "Other" (Code 5) and in the "Other Specify" fields below under Protestant denominations, get as full and precise
a name of the denomination as possible.
1994-2012
[Evangelical Lutheran Church of America and Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.)] These two churches both underwent
restructuring. Probe for the name of the denomination prior to the merger. If the R knows which church his/her
congregation used to belong to, then code the pre-merge code.
Code 70 should be used when the phrases "non-denominational" or "interdenominational" are mentioned. Other
verbatims that might lead to a code 70 are: "Don't attend any church now," "No church in particular. I'm a generic
Protestant," and "I go to lots of them." Also mentions of three or more specific denominations are mentioned, flag
case for inspection.
1987, 88-91, 93-98
If R says "Christian" ask: Is that the Disciples of Christ? If "yes" or "no" record verbatim and do not code. Plus
specs for 1972-1986. [1994: If R answers "yes" to the probe "Is that the Disciples of Christ," the verbatim should be
written "Yes, it is the Disciples of Christ" instead of just "yes."]
1985-86, 96-2012
If R reports Presbyterian Church, U.S.A. probe: "was your church originally Presbyterian Church in the United
States or United Presbyterian Church in the United States." If R says "Don't know" to probe, record verbatim. Plus
specs for 1977-1984. (In 2000-02: Probe for name of the denomination prior to the merger).
1984, 98
[Other . . . churches] Code "other" if response does not fit and recode verbatim.
[11] Used to be known as Northern Baptist Convention
[40] Same as Southern Presbyterian
[41] Same as Northern Presbyterian
Plus specs for 1977-83.
1977-78, 80, 82, 83, 96, 98
[Catholic] Refers to Roman Catholic only. Other Eastern Catholic churches should be coded "other" and recorded
verbatim.
[other] Be sure to ask for full name of religion, church or denominations. (Omitted in 1982.)
[Episcopalian] Includes Anglican.
Appendix B
1976
Omits: 4-5 lines.
1972-75
If "Other" be sure to ask for full name of religion, church or denominations.

[Catholic] code Roman Catholic only; Greek Orthodox or other Eastern Catholic churches should be recorded and
coded as "other." [Episcopalian] includes Anglican.
1977-78, 80, 82-91, 93-2012
ATTEND (USE CATEGORIES AS PROBES IF NECESSARY) Only if R gives vague answer, or one that does not fit
categories.
1976
(USE CATEGORIES AS PROBES) e.g., if R answers in categories that do not fit, as "two times a week."
1972-75
If R gives vague answer, or answer that can't be fitted into categories, use categories as probes.
1985-89
MAATTEND, PAATEND, SPATTEND

See instructions for ATTEND. [Note: for 1991-1993, this specification applies to SPATTEND only.]
1983, 84
Same spex as ATTEND.
1982-91, 93-2012
RELITEN [PREFERENCE NAMED . . .] If RELIG is coded "Protestant," refer to the denomination coded in DENOM and
OTHER. If RELIG is coded "Protestant" and no denomination is coded in DENOM and OTHER, refer to "Protes-
tant."
1978, 80
[RELIGIOUS PREFERENCE] Be sure to refer to preference named in RELIG when reading RELITEN.
1) If RELIG is coded, refer to the denomination.
2) If Catholic, Jewish, or other, refer to that preference.
3) If RELIG is coded "Protestant" and no denomination, refer to "Protestant" preference.
1977
[RELIGIOUS PREFERENCE] Be sure to refer to preference named above when reading RELITEN.
1976
[RELIGIOUS PREFERENCE] Substitute religion named. If "Protestant," substitute denomination, if any.
1974-75
If R is Catholic read "Catholic." If R is a Protestant and names a denomination in RELIG, read the name of the
denomination. If R is Protestant, but doesn't name any particular denomination or says non-denominational, read
"Protestant."
Appendix B
1983-85, 94-2012
PRAY If "never," record verbatim and do not code.
1983-85, 87-89, 91
NEARGOD If R does not believe in God record verbatim.
1984
JUDGE, REDEEMER, LOVER, MASTER, MOTHER, CREATOR, FATHER, SPOUSE, FRIEND, KING, LIBERATR, HEALER
If R does not believe in God record verbatim.
1984-91, 93-2012
MAPA, MASTERSP, JUDGELUV, FRNDKING, CRTRHEAL, RDEEMLIB, POPESPKS, BIBLE

If R does not believe in God record verbatim.
1982, 83, 85-91, 93-2012
RELIG16, DENOM16, OTH16

See Spex for RELIG.
1973-78, 80, 84
See instructions for RELIG.
1982, 83, 85-91, 93-94
SPREL See Spex for RELIG.
1973-78, 80, 84
1982, 83, 85-91, 93-94
SPREL16 See Spex for RELIG.
1973, 75, 77, 80, 84
1976, 78
None.
1977, 82, 83, 85, 86, 88-91, 93-2012
PRAYER, PRAYERY
None.
1975
When R responds "approve or disapprove" probe as follows to make sure R understands question. "Then you
(approve/disapprove) of the ruling that no government may require reading of prayers or Bible in public schools?"
Appendix B
1974
None.
1985, 87-91, 94
WORLD1-7 Make sure R is looking at correct show card.
1988-89
LIBTEMP, CONTEMP, PROTTEMP, CATHTEMP, JEWTEMP, MSLMTEMP

None.
1986
If R. says "50," probe to find out if favorable, unfavorable, or indifferent and record verbatim.
1977, 80, 82, 84, 85, 87-91, 93-2012
RACMAR, RACMAR10
None.
1976
NOTE SKIP INSTRUCTION. See RACE for Census definitions of Black and Non-Black. The latter are all those
classified as "White" or "other." If you absolutely cannot determine race by observation, you may have to skip this
series. [Negroes/Blacks] Use either term depending upon customary usage in your region of the country.
1972-75
None.
1982
RACDIN [THE OPPOSITE RACE . . . WHITE/(NEGRO/BLACK)] Note!
1994, 98-2012
RACPUSH, RACSEG
In this series of Qs, use the term either "black" or "African-American" depending on the customary usage in your
area.
1996-2012
RACOPEN, RACLIVE
In this series of Qs, use the term either "black" or African-American" depending on the customary
usage in your area. (In 1998-2000: RACLIVE).
1978, 80, 83, 84, 86-91, 93-94
None.
1976
[Neither/Don't know] Do not read, but code if volunteered.

Appendix B
1975
[Neither, don't know] Do not read to R.
1973
None.
1996, 98
RACLIVE [neighborhood] Do not define. See Spex for RACFEW, RACHAF, RACMOST.
1977-78, 80, 82-91, 93-2012
RACCLOS, RACDIS, RACINTEG

(Cont.) [Neighborhood. . . close (96: close omitted)] Do not define.
[miles] use in rural areas.
1976
Do not define "neighborhood" or "close." Use "miles" in rural areas.
1974-75
R's definition of neighborhood. [or miles] In rural areas, read this phrase also.
1972-73
[In this neighborhood] R's definition of neighborhood.

[close] R's definition of close. Use [miles] for rural areas; for urban use "houses away."
1972
RACOBJCT Code "1" if the answer is "yes" with a volunteered comment that indicates R would like it, be favorable towards it.
Code "2" if the answer is "yes" with either no comment or a comment that indicates that R would not like it, be un-
favorable toward it. Do not probe for comments, but record verbatim any that R volunteers.
1996
RACHOME If respondent is Black, ask questions in terms of "White." If respondent is not Black (this includes
Whites and all races that are not Black) then ask questions in terms of "Black/African-African."
1973, 74, 77, 80, 82, 84, 85, 87-91, 93-94
None.
1976
Note that RACDIN is hypothetical, whereas RACHOME asks what has occurred.
1980, 82, 84, 85
RACSCHOL In this series of questions, use the terms either "Negro" or "Black" depending on customary usage in your area.
Appendix B
1996
RACFEW If respondent is Black, ask questions in terms of "White." If respondent is not Black (this includes
Whites and all races that are not Black) then ask questions in terms of "Black/African-African."
1994, 96
RACFEW, RACHAF, RACMOST

In this series of Qs, use the term either "black" or "African-American" depending on the customary usage in your
area.
1983, 85, 86, 88-91, 93
None.
1982
[THE OPPOSITE RACE . . . WHITE/(NEGROES/BLACKS)] Note!
1978
In this series of questions, use the terms either "Negro" or "Black" depending on customary usage in your area.
1977
See RACMAR10.
1976
RACFEW, RACHAF, RACMOST is asked of everyone.
1972
None.
1994, 96
BUSING In this series of Qs, use the term either "black" or "African-American" depending on the customary usage in your
area.
1977
See RACMAR, RACMAR10.
1975
[Negro/Black] Read Negro or black─whichever term you think R would be most comfortable with.
1974, 1976, 1978
None.
1972
[Ask Everyone] regardless of race.
1982
BUSING [(NEGRO/BLACK)] In this series of questions use the terms either "Negro" or "Black," depending on customary
usage in your area
[ten years ago, that is in 1972] NOTE!
Appendix B
1977-78, 82, 83, 85, 86, 88-91, 93-96
RACPRES None.
1975
RACMAR, RACMAR10, RACDIN, RACPUSH,RACSEG, RACOPEN, RACILVE, RACCLOS, RACDIS,

RACINTEG, RACOBJCT, RACHOME, RACSCHOL, RACFEW, RACHAF, RACMOST, BUSING, BUSING10,
RACPRES, RACJOB are asked of non-blacks only. If R is black, skip to KIDMOST.
See definition of Race in appendix to question-by-question spex (OCC).
If you are not sure of R's race, you cannot ask at this point. Use your best judgment of R's race in deciding whether
to ask or skip this series.
1974
[Negro/Black] In this and future questions, choose the word you think the R would be most comfortable with.
1972
None.
1972
RACJOB See RACE for interviewer instructions on race. If you are in doubt as to R's race, you cannot ask at this point.
Either ask or skip this series using your best judgment.
Note instructions: RACMAR, RACMAR10, RACDIN, RACPUSH, RACSEG, RACOPEN, RACLIVE, RACCLOS,
RACDIS, RACINTEG, RACOBJCT, RACHOME, RACSCHOL, RACFEW, RACHAF, RACMOST, BUSING,
RACJOB are not asked of black Rs because they are trend questions, which have been asked in many previous sur-
veys of whites only. These questions could be meaningless or insulting to black Rs.
1982
COLOR If not sure, code best guess.
1982
RACMIX [Close] Do not define.

[1] If R says "I have no friends," code "none."
1982
RACNOBUY [ever] Note 1.
1982
RACOCC [Don't Know] Do not read to R.
1982
RACOPNOW [the last five years] Stress.
1982
Appendix B
RACOPWIL [In the next five years] Stress.
1978
ALIENAT1-6
[Do you tend to feel or not...] Repeat as needed.
1976-78, 80, 82-91, 93-2012
HAPPY Probe: "In general . . ."
1972, 75
None.
1973-74
Probe: "In general, how happy are you these days. . ." and repeat the categories.
1977-78, 80, 82-91, 93-2012
HAPMAR Probe: "In general. . ."
1973-76
None.
1994-2012
HEALTH Probe: "In general..."
1982
[in general] NOTE!
1976, 78, 80, 83, 84, 86-91, 93-2012
HELPFUL Probe once before accepting "Depends."
1975
[Depends] Probe once before accepting a "depends" response.
1973
None.
1972
Probe "In general. . ." Probe once before accepting "depends" response.
1972, 73, 75, 78, 80, 83, 84, 86-91, 93-2012
FAIR None.
Appendix B
1976
Ask everyone, regardless of race.
1976-78, 80, 82, 83, 84, 86-91, 93-94
SATCITY, SATHOBBY, SATFAM, SATFRND, SATHEALT

Repeat Qs as necessary.
1975
None.
1973-74
Repeat question as necessary. "How much satisfaction do you get from . . .?"
1977, 78, 80, 82, 83, 84, 86-91, 93-2012
CONFINAN, CONBUS, CONCLERG, CONEDUC, CONFED, CONLABOR, CONPRESS, CONMEDIC, CONTV, CONJUDGE,
CONSCI, CONLEGIS, CONARMY
Do not define these items.
1976, 80
Repeat categories as needed. Do not attempt to define terms.
1973-75
None.
1984
CONFINAY, CONBUSY, CONCLERY, CONEDUCY, CONFEDY, CONLABOY, CONPRESY, CONMEDIY, CONTVY,

CONJUDGY, CONSCIY, CONLEGIY, CONARMYY
Do not define these items.
1978, 80, 83, 84, 86
MANNERS, SUCCESS, HONEST, CLEAN, JUDGMENT, CONTROL, ROLE, AMICABLE, OBEYS, RESPONSI, CONSIDER,
INTEREST, STUDIOUS
Circle only three codes for part A. For part B, circle only one of the three. Repeat for parts C and D.
1976
After R has answered A and C, read back the three items chosen so that in B and D the choice is one of the three
chosen in answer to A and C. B and D cannot contain a totally new category.
1975
Note that the answer to B must be one of the qualities named in A. Also, the answer to D must be one of the three
qualities named in C.
1973
None.
Appendix B
1980
MANNERSY, SUCCESSY, HONESTY, CLEANY, JUDGMENY, CONTROLY, ROLEY, AMICABLY, OBEYSY, RESPONSY,
CONSIDEY, INTERESY, STUDIOUY
(See MANNERS, SUCCESS, HONEST, CLEAN, JUDGMENT, CONTROL, ROLE, AMICABLE, OBEYS,
RESPONSI, CONSIDER, INTEREST, STUDIOUS for instructions.)
1980
YOUNGEN Make sure R understands the difference between the alternatives as "parents teaching children to think for the
alternatives as and "parents teaching children to do what the parents think is right." R may want to say "both" to this
question, but try to force a choice. If R says it depends upon the age, the earliest type of training is what we want.
1978, 82, 83, 85, 86, 88-91, 93-2012
SOCREL, SOCOMMUN, SOCFREND, SOCBAR, SOCPARS, SOCSIBS

[relatives; parents; brother or sister] This refers only to relatives living outside R's household.
1977
[relatives] relative who lives outside R's household.
1975
That is relatives who live outside R's household.
1974
[RELATIVES] That is, relatives who live outside R's household.
1994
WEEKSWRK, PARTFULL
Include unpaid work in family business or on a farm. Exclude volunteer work and keeping house. Usually a full-
time work week is considered 35 hours or more.
1977-78, 80, 83, 84, 86-91, 93-94
DRINK If R is a total abstainer, do not ask A.
1978, 80, 83, 84, 86-91, 93-94
EVSMOKE If R asks, whatever R thinks is "regularly."
1977, 82, 84, 85, 87, 88-91, 93-94
ANOMIA1-6 [(situation/condition)] Use these words only if R does not understand the word "Lot."
1973, 74, 76, 80

None.
Appendix B
1996
JOBFIND None.
1977, 78, 82, 83, 85, 86, 88-91, 93-94
[If R has a job. . . Ask] NOTE!
1982-1991, 93-2012
SATJOB [work you do] Refers to satisfaction with job itself, not how R performs job. NOTE: Persons coded "keeping
house" are also asked this question.
1978, 80
Refers to job itself, not how R performs job.
1977
Refers to job, not how R performs job.
1976
This question refers to satisfaction with job itself─not R's feelings about how well or poorly he does the job. If
"keeping house," question refers to satisfaction with that work.
1975
Omits 2nd sentence.

1972, 74
None.
1973
NOTE: persons coded as keeping house are asked this question.
1976-77, 80, 82, 84, 85, 87-91, 93-2012
RICHWORK None.
1973-74
If R would continue to work, but probably not at present job, code as continue to work. If R asks if "work" includes
working at a hobby or at volunteer work, explain that "work" here means work for pay.
1977, 80, 82, 83, 85, 86, 88-91, 93-94
JOBINC, JOBSEC, JOBHOUR, JOBPROMO, JOBMEANS

Code one in EACH column.
1973, 74, 76
None.
1977, 78, 80, 82-86, 88-91, 93-2012
CLASS, CLASSY
None.
Appendix B
1976
Probe if necessary: "Which comes closest to describing your class?"
1972-75
Probe if necessary: "Which class are you in . . Which comes closest to describing your class?"
1987
RANK None.
1983
Do not tell R what scale measures. Say "Whatever is 'top' or 'bottom' in your opinion."
1996-2012
FINALTER None.
1982-91, 93-94
If R says "DK" or if R cannot choose one code ("it goes up and down"), probe: "In general . . ." and repeat Q.
1977, 78, 80
If response is "up and down," "DK," or anything other than those listed, Probe "In general. . ." (Repeat Q.)
1976
If response is "up and down," Probe: "In general. . . (repeat question}."
1975
If response is "up and down," probe: "In general would you say it has been getting better. . ."
1972-74
None.
1978, 80, 82-91, 93-2012
FINRELA [family] Family (82: "family" omitted) refers only to immediate family (1982, 83:living) in the household─not
family living elsewhere. In a single person household, this Q. refers to that person only.
1982
INCNEED [very smallest amount of income per month] stress.
1986
MINIC [Money] If R asks, this refers to pretax or gross income.
1976-77, 80, 82, 84, 85, 87, 88-91, 93-2012
WKSUB Consider SKIP instruction (1982, 84: Replace first three words with "read") carefully to determine whether Qs 191
Appendix B
and 192 are asked of R, R's spouse, or whether Qs should be skipped.
[Do you] If respondent is currently working, ask WKSUB and WKSUP of R, regardless of marital status.
[supervisor] also means "person in charge," "person you report to."
[that person] means R's supervisor.
1972-74
Read phrases in parentheses only if asking about spouse.

Supervisor on your job may be explained as boss, person in charge or person you report to.
[that person] R's supervisor─does R have someone R reports to?
1977, 80, 82, 84, 85, 87, 88-91, 93-2012
WKSUB, WKSUBS, WKSUP, WKSUPS

WKSUB, WKSUBS, WKSUP, and WKSUPS are designed to locate [96: identify position of] R (or spouse if R is
not working) in a work hierarchy or chain of command.
1976
None.
1972-74
Read phrases in parentheses only if asking about spouse.
1978, 80, 83, 84, 94-2012
UNEMP [ten years. . . And] Please note: Read as written. Stress!
1976
Make sure R hears entire question.
1975
Be sure R hears whole question before you accept his answer.
1973-74
None.
1986
GETAID If R asks, this Q. refers only to the programs listed. General assistance may be known by another name in some
states (e.g. public aid). If uncertain, record verbatim.
1978, 80, 83-91, 93-2012
UNION None.
1976
Note: If both belong, code "3."
1975
Appendix B
[or your (Spouse)] Read this phrase if R is currently married. Read husband or wife, as appropriate.
1973
Read the phrase (or your spouse) if R is currently married. Read husband or wife, as appropriate.
1977, 80, 82, 84, 85, 87-91, 93-2012
GETAHEAD None.
1976
[Hard work, luck equally important] NOTE! This is a volunteered category. If R says "the second statement," code
"3."
1973-74
None.
1973, 76, 77, 78, 80, 82-85, 87, 88-91, 93-2012
ABDEFECT, ABNOMORE, ABHLTH, ABPOOR, ABRAPE, ABSINGLE, ABANY

None.
1974-75
Repeat question as necessary.
1972
Repeat question when necessary.
1982
ABPRO1-3, ABCON1-3
[As far as you've heard] NOTE!
[REASONS] e.g. what else?
1982, 84
ABIMP, ABINFO
[Don't Know] Do not read-code only, if volunteered.
1982, 84
ABFIRM [Don't Know] Do not read to R.
1982, 83, 85, 86, 88-91, 93-2012
CHLDIDEL If R says "Depends," probe: "For most people..." [As many as you want, Don't Know] probe once before
accepting these answers.
1977-78
Probe, if necessary, "for most people. . ." [As many as you want. . . Don't Know] Probe once before accepting these
answers (this answer).
Appendix B
1976
If R says "lots" or "dozens," probe: "Well, about how many would you say?"
1972, 74, 75
Probe if necessary: "For most people. . ." Use the code [seven or more] only if a number is given (seven or larger
number) not for vague responses like "dozens" or "lots." Probe such vague responses: "Well, about how many
would you say?"
Probe once before accepting the response [as many as you want].
1978, 82, 83, 85, 86, 88-91, 93-94
CHLDMORE If R has no children, ask: "Do you expect to have any children?"
If R is currently pregnant, code "yes" without asking and ask A & B:

A. "How many more children do you expect to have?"
B. "How many more in the next five years?" (B omitted since 1982).
Include MALE Rs.
If R is elderly and comments that the question is inappropriate, just explain that you are instructed to ask the question
of everyone.
1977
If R has no children, ask: "Do you expect to have any children?"

If R is currently pregnant, code "yes" without asking, and ASK A and B, "How many more children do you expect to
have?" and "How many more in the next five years?"
1972, 74, 75, 76
You may not want to ask this [question] of a 70 year old widow, but do ask of everyone who could possibly have
children in the future─regardless of sex or marital status.
If your R is an obviously pregnant [woman], [you may] code yes without asking; [then] ask A and B.
Use the word [more] if R has ever had children.
1974, 75, 77, 82, 83, 94
PILL, TEENPILL, PILLOK

Stress "information" so R does not think we are referring to supplying birth control devices.
1986
SPDUE [entitled] If R. asks, this means legally entitled.
1978, 80, 83, 84, 86-91, 93-94
PORNINF, PORNMORL, PORNRAPE, PORNOUT

None.
1976
[books, movies, magazines, and photographs that show or describe sex activities] Definition of pornography which
may be repeated to R.
Appendix B
1975
If R asks, this [sexual materials] refers to pornography as defined in the beginning of JOBLOSE.
1973
Repeat question as necessary─"do you think. ..?"
1978, 80, 83, 84, 86-91, 93-2012
PORNLAW [READ FIRST THREE CATEGORIES [(a)-(c)] ONLY. CIRCLE ONLY ONE CODE.] NOTE!
[1996: CIRCLE ONE CODE ONLY]
Code "Don't know" only if R volunteers this answer.
1975-76
None.
1973
By pornography we mean─"books, movies, magazines, and photographs that show or describe sex activities." You
may repeat this definition to R if it seems appropriate.
1978, 80, 83, 84, 86-91, 93-2012
XMOVIE Do not define.
1976
None.
1973, 75
If R doesn't know what an X-rated film is, code [as] "Don't know."
1977-78, 82, 83, 85, 86, 88-91, 93-2012
LETDIE1-2 [A disease that cannot be cured] If R asks, this refers to a disease considered terminal.
1980, 83, 84, 86-91, 93-94
HIT [Both] If Both, code 3.
1978
None.
1976
[How many times] means "How many times all together. . ."
1973, 75
This is meant to cover any circumstances, including in a fight.

Appendix B
1978, 80
GUN, GUNAGE, GUNNUM

None.
1976, 83, 84, 86, 87-91, 93-94
Includes Armed Forces incidents.
1975
If R asks, this does include armed forces related incidents.
1973, 94
GUNNUM [How many times would you guess this has happened to you] altogether?
1978, 80, 83, 84, 86-91, 93-94
HITOK [Would you approve if the stranger] Repeat as necessary.
1976
Ask HITMARCH, HITDRUNK, HITCHILD, HITBEATR even if "No." Read each statement and code one for each.
1975
None.
1973
Read each statement and code one for each.
1978, 80, 83, 84, 86-91, 93-2012
POLHITOK [Would you approve if the citizen]. . . Repeat as necessary.
[citizen] "citizen" means any male adult.
1976
See HITOK.
1975
None.
1973
Read each statement and code one for each.
1996-2012
FEAR, FEARHOME
None
1982, 83, 85, 86, 88-91, 93-94

Appendix B
[area right around here. . . at home] NOTE!
1982, 84, 85, 87, 88-91, 93-94
BURGLR [(apartment/home)] Read appropriate word. Includes garage or other buildings on property that R owns. Also code
"yes" if R volunteers that a place of business R owns was broken into.
1977, 1980
Omits last sentence.
1976
[apartment/home] Read appropriate word. Includes garage, other buildings or property or place of business that R
owns.
1973-74
(apartment/home) read appropriate word. If R volunteers that his garage or other buildings on his property was
broken into that should be counted as "yes." Also code "yes" if R volunteers that a place of business that he owns
was broken into.
1982, 84, 85, 87-91, 93-2012
OWNGUN [guns . . . revolvers] They do not have to belong to R.
1976-77, 80
None.
1973-74
If R lives in a house (rather than an apartment or a trailer), read "or garage."

They do not have to belong to the R.
1977-78, 82, 83, 85-91, 93-2012
NEWS Probe "Usually, that is, most of the time. . ."
1975
[Usually] that means most of the time.
1972
Probe: "Usually most of the time.
1977-78, 80, 82, 83, 85, 86, 88-91, 93-2012
TVHOURS Probe "On the average how many hours. . ."

[# HOURS:] 03 (i.e.)
1975
Probe: On the average, how many hours. Record verbatim.

Appendix B
1972-75, 77, 78, 80, 82-91, 93-2012
PHONE None.
1976
If Area Probability Sample, no need to ask name and phone number, just copy from HEF.
1982
ERA, ERATELL
[GO TO ERAWHY1-3] NOTE!
1982
ERAWHY1-3 [favor/oppose] See ERA or ERATELL. Read appropriate term.

[PROBE. . .] Be sure to probe fully.
[Additional Reasons] Probe: What other reasons? Refer to instructions in interview manual for asking open ended
questions.
[IF "No opinion . . .] This is asked of everyone who answered "no opinion" (Code 8) to ERA or ERATELL.
1982
ERAINFO [Don't Know] Do not read code. Only if volunteered.

[your opinion on] Read this if 253B or 253C coded 1-4.
[the way you feel about] Read this if 253B or 253C coded "no opinion" code 8.
1977
RACMAREL [(Negro/Black)/White] Use term for opposite race, example: If R is black, read "white."
1977, 94
RACAVOID If R says "it depends," probe: "In general, do you think you probably would or probably would not?"
1977, 94
RACDIF1-4 [differences] Note that this question asks about reasons for differences in jobs, etc.
1978
SALFERGT, SALLABOR, SALSATFN, SALABORT, SALSCI

Code one for each.
1978, 80, 83, 84, 94
DIVORCE5 [Feb/March] Read: (Month in which interview is taking place.)
[also] If "yes" to B[1], use "Also" in asking B[2].

Appendix B
1980
DIVREL1, DIVREL4
[any of these people divorced] That is, obtain a divorce or separation as in DIVORCE5.
1978, 94
UNEMP5 [CODE ALL THAT APPLY] NOTE!
1980, 83, 84
UNREL1, UNREL4
[and] Again, stress!
[FOR EACH PERSON NAMED IN A:] Ask for all persons coded in A[1].
If more than one brother, child, etc. was unemployed and at least one was a main wage earner, code "Yes."
1978
Omits last line.
1978, 80, 83, 84, 86-91, 93-94
HOSDIS5 If R asks, it means only if R was admitted to hospital.
[during the years 1973/75] includes the year 1973/75.
1978, 80, 83, 84
HOSREL4 [CODE ALL THAT APPLY] NOTE!
1978, 80, 83, 84, 86-91, 93-94
DEATH5, DEATH16
[CODE ALL THAT APPLY] NOTE! (1994: [CODE ALL THAT APPLY] NOTE! [Father] Stepfather can be
considered as a father if mother remarried when R was young. Stepfather is considered as a stepfather non-blood
relative when mother remarried at later age.)
[ASK ONLY IF R IS 21 OR MORE. IF R UNDER 21 YEARS OLD, OR IN DOUBT, GO TO NEXT Q.] NOTE!
1982
IMPFAM, IMPWORK, IMPRELAX, IMPFREND, IMPKIN, IMCHUH, IMPPOL

[SHUFFLE] Mix them up each time you start a new interview.
[these aspects of life] Refers to items on card.
[unimportant to you, very important] Read slowly.
Enter # for each item IMPFAM, IMPWORK, IMPRELAX, IMPFREND, IMPKIN, IMCHUH, IMPPOL.
Be careful to enter number at appropriate item.

Appendix B
1982
PRIVACY [personal privacy] Do not define, if R asks, say "Whatever it means to you."
1982
POLLGOOD [Depends] Record verbatim.
1982, 84
FESERVE, MESERVE, TAXSERVE

[A., B.] Always ask both!
Read Q. slowly repeating as necessary to be sure R understands.
[If strongly favor or probably favor A or B] If R favors either men or women. Skip C only if R opposes both men
and women.
1982, 83, 84
MILQUAL, MILPAY, FENUMOK, HINUMOK, BLNUMOK

If R says s/he DK the facts, probe for her/his impression, or opinions based on whatever s/he may have heard or read.
[Hispanics] If R not familiar with the term, explain: "People of Spanish-speaking ancestry, such as Mexicans,
Cubans, or Puerto Ricans."
1982, 84
MILVOLOK Probe for an overall opinion: "In general, . . . "
1982
FIGHTAIR, MECHANIC, NURSE, TYPIST, BRASS, FIGHTLND, TRANSAIR, GUNNER, FIGHTSEA

Code a single response for each item.
[Pentagon] If necessary, explain: "This is the headquarters of the Department of Defense in Washington."
[E.] Regardless of location. If R says, "It's alright for a base in the U.S., but not overseas," code, "should."
1982
FEFIGHT, FEDIRTY, FEBRASS

These are factual Q's. (not opinion like MILQUAL, MILPAY). If R answers, "Don't Know," code DK without
probing.
1982
FEHLPMIL If "DK," probe.
1982-84
DRAFT [Ask A, Ask B, Ask C] follow carefully.

[should, should not, Don't Know] then go to DRAFTCOL
[Ask C] Note!
[Volunteers, Don't Know] Go to DRAFTCOL
[Should, Should not, Don't Know] Go to DRAFTCOL.
Appendix B
1982
DRAFTCOL, DRAFTMAR, DRAFTPAR, DRAFTGAY, DRAFTCO, DRAFTDEF

Circle one code for each item. The question refers to across-the-board exemption for each group named. If R thinks
some college students or married persons, etc., should be exempted and others not, circle code "2" (not exempt).
Code 1 only if R thinks all members of the group should be exempted from a draft.
1984
VETFAM, VETFAMNW
VETFAM refers to R's spouse (or former spouse), parents, children, brothers, and sisters, whether or not they are
now living with R and even if they are deceased.
1984
VETFAM, VETFAMNW, VETAID

Note the distinction in the persons inquired about in these two questions.
1984
COPUNISH, COJAIL
This question refers to refusal to register for any reason and asks whether young men should be punished in any way.
1984
COJAIL In COJAIL, the length of sentence is irrelevant. If R approves of jail for any length of time, circle code 1.
1984
MILOKME This is an "all things considered" type of question, "for most young men" probe as necessary for overall opinion.
1984
NUKEWAR, LANDWAR, MORENUKE, LESSNUKE, NONUKE, GUERILLA

Read the introduction to this question carefully and take the time to be sure the respondent understands the nature of
the task.
1984
DEFWRKEV [A major part] Do not try to define "a major part." We want the respondent's own impression.
1984
RESDEFWK If your PSU is an SMSA, ask this question in terms of the metropolitan area ("The Chicago, Houston, Atlanta,
Baltimore...metropolitan area"), whether you are interviewing in the central city or in the suburbs. If your PSU is not
an SMSA, use the name of the county.
1984
OBVOTE, OBVOL, OBJURY, OB911, OBENG, OBKNOW, OBMEPAX, OBMEWAR, OBFEPAX, OBFEWAR
In OBMEPAX "Peacetime" refers to the absence of actual war with an enemy nation. The present situation is
considered peacetime, despite limited military actions such as those that have occurred in Lebanon and Grenada.
Appendix B
1983, 84, 94-2012
HELPPOOR As you read this question point to the appropriate numbers on the card.
[For HELPPOOR, HELPNOT, HELPSICK, HELPBLK ...] - Note!
1975
[For HELPPOOR through ...] Was instruction not spex in 1975.
1983, 84, 94-2012
HELPNOT Same spex as HELPPOOR.
1983, 84, 94-2012
HELPSICK Same spex as HELPPOOR.
1983, 84, 94-2012
HELPBLK Same spex as HELPPOOR.
1985, 87
NUMGIVEN After CLOSE12-CLOSE15, CLOSE23-25, CLOSE24-25, CLOSE45, please allow R to pause, collect thoughts, and
report. Probe after first reports. We want people with whom R discusses important personal matters. Do not try to
define or give examples. If R reports two people with the same first name, ask for last initial of each.
1985, 87
NUMGIVEN Code the total number reported [7]. Example: In response to NUMGIVEN, R says "My mom and dad; my brothers
Mutt and Jeff; my friend Dave; another friend Mark; and my girlfriend Pam."
1985, 87
EQCLOSE, RCLOSE1-5
Note skip.
1985
CLOSE12-15, CLOSE23-25, CLOSE24-25, CLOSE45

CLOSE12-15, CLOSE23-25, CLOSE24-25, CLOSE45 is modeled after a mileage chart. If you wanted to find the
distance between Chicago and Boston on a mileage chart you would look along the vertical axis for Chicago, along
the horizontal axis for Boston and find the intersection. See Figure 1. Voila! You found it. It's 1004 miles from
Chicago to Boston.
Appendix B
FIGURE 1
[SHOWS MILEAGE GRID]
We realize that the grid in CLOSE12-15, CLOSE23-25, CLOSE24-25, CLOSE45 is new. Imagine a respondent
names 4 people in Question 313: Bob, John T., John R., and Mary. We want to ask CLOSE12-15, CLOSE23-25,
CLOSE24-25, CLOSE45 for each possible pair of these 4 people. First we pair each with Bob. The pairs are: Bob
and John T., Bob and John R., and Bob and Mary. Then we pair everyone except Bob with John T. The pairs are:
John T. and John R., and John T. and Mary. The only pair left is John R. and Mary. See Figure 2.
┌───────────┬─────────────┬─────────────┬─────────────┬──────────────┬─────────────┐
│ PERSON │ NAME 1 │ NAME 2 │ NAME 3 │ NAME 4 │ NAME 5 │
│ │ BOB │ JOHN T. │ JOHN R. │ MARY │ │
├───────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼─────────────┼──────────────┼─────────────┤
│ NAME 2 │ A. Yes...1 │ │ │ │ │
│ │ No....2 │ │ │ │ │
│ JOHN T. │ │ │ │ │ │
│ │ B. Yes...1 │ │ │ │ │
│ │ No....2 │ │ │ │ │
│ │ │ │ │ │ │
│ NAME 3 │ A. Yes...1 │ A. Yes...1 │ │ │ │
│ │ No....2 │ No....2 │ │ │ │
│ JOHN R. │ │ │ │ │ │
│ │ B. Yes...1 │ B. Yes...1 │ │ │ │
│ │ No....2 │ No....2 │ │ │ │
│ │ │ │ │ │ │
│ NAME 4 │ A. Yes...1 │ A. Yes...1 │ A. Yes...1 │ │ │
│ │ No....2 │ No....2 │ No....2 │ │ │
│ MARY │ │ │ │ │ │
│ │ B. Yes...1 │ B. Yes...1 │ B. Yes...1 │ │ │
│ │ No....2 │ No....2 │ No....2 │ │ │
│ │ │ │ │ │ │
│ NAME 5 │ A. Yes...1 │ A. Yes...1 │ A. Yes...1 │ A. Yes...1 │ │
│ │ No....2 │ No....2 │ No....2 │ No....2 │ │
│ │ │ │ │ │ │
│ │ B. Yes...1 │ B. Yes...1 │ B. Yes...1 │ B. Yes...1 │ │
│ │ No....2 │ No....2 │ No....2 │ No....2 │ │
│ │ │ │ │ │ │
└───────────┴─────────────┴─────────────┴─────────────┴──────────────┴─────────────┘
Write names 1-5 across and 2-5 down. If less than 5 names cross out unused rows. After you write names in the
grid, return to page 273 and ask EQCLOSE and RCLOSE1-5.
1985
SEX1-5, RACE1-5, SPOUSE1-5, PARENT1-5, SIBLING1-5, CHILD1-5, OTHFAM1-5, MEMGRP1-5, NEIGHBR1-5, FRIEND1-5,
ADVISOR1-5, OTHER1-5, TALKTO1-5, KNOWN1-5, EDUC1-5, AGE1-5, RELIG1-5
Use abbreviated form of these questions after you ask them for the 1st person. Repeat categories only as
needed. It is not necessary to read everything over and over.
1985
SEX1-5 Ask SEX1-5 for each person before going onto RACE1-5. Continue this pattern through RELIG1-5.
1985
RACE1-5 Repeat for each friend listed (up to five times).
1985
SPOUSE1-5 If R says "Don't know" for a particular category, write DK here, on dotted line, next to appropriate
category and record verbatim.
Appendix B
1985
TALKTO1-5 [talk] "talk" includes phone conversation.
1985
EDUC1-5 [highest level of education] highest level completed.
1985
AGE1-5 Code middle range given. Example: "He's in his mid-fifties." Code 55.
1977-78, 80, 83, 84, 86-91, 93-94
MEMFRAT, MEMSERV, MEMVET, MEMPOLIT, MEMUNION, MEMSPORT, MEMYOUTH, MEMSCHL, MEMHOBBY,

MEMGREEK, MEMNAT, MEMFARM, MEMLIT, MEMPROF, MEMCHURH, MEMOTHER, MEMNUM
If R asks, "organizations" refers to groups that have characteristics such as newsletters, dues, meetings, etc.
Suggested probe: "Are there any other kinds of groups or organizations you belong to that we may not have
covered?"
1975
Omits last two lines.
1974
None.
1987
MEMFRAT, MEMSERV, MEMVET

In "A" code "yes" or "no" for each kind of group listed, do not code only the groups to which R belongs. Complete
MEMFRAT before asking MEMSERV and MEMVET. Ask B and C for each "yes" in MEMFRAT. Code "yes" or
"no" for each group to which R replied "yes" in MEMFRAT. You need not code further any for which you coded
"no" in A.
1987
CHURHGRP [the church (synagogue) itself] That is, just a member of the congregation, attending regular worship services and
not a member of a separate groups such as adult fellowship, Bible study, committees, etc.
1987
SWAYVOTE [candidates? Do] Don't Pause.
1987
LOCLOBBY, LOCSELF
In this question we are referring to members of the local government or person(s) of influence in the community
where R lives.
1987
OTHLOBBY In LOCLOBBY, the reference is to the local government and in this question we are referring to officials outside the
local government.
Appendix B
1987
GOVERNOR, USREP, SCHLHEAD

Some Rs may be frustrated by not knowing the answers to Qs. 347-349. Let them know that their responses are
important regardless of whether or not they are right.
"Don't Know" refers to the R not knowing the correct answer. You, as interviewer, are expected to research these Qs.
if you do not know the correct names.
1987
GOVERNOR What is the name of the governor of the state in which you are interviewing?
1987
USREP What is the name of the Congressman of the district in which you are interviewing?
1987
SCHLHEAD The correct answer to either the head of the local school board or the name of the superintendent of schools.
It may be that there is more than one school system in the locality. Elementary Schools may be separate school
system and the local high school a separate system. If this is the situation the locality where you will be interviewing
obtain the names of the head of both systems. The answer of either would be considered "correct."
1990, 94
WLTHWHTS, WLTHJEWS, WLTHBLKS, WLTHASNS, WLTHHSPS, WLTHSO, WORKWHTS, WORKJEWS, WORKBLKS,

WORKASNS, WORKHSPS, WORKSO, VIOLWHTS, VIOLJEWS, VIOLBLKS, VIOLASNS, VIOLHSPS,
VIOLSO, INTLWHTS, INTLJEWS, INTLBLKS, INTLASNS, INTLHSPS, FAREWHTS, FAREJEWS,
FAREBLKS, FAREHSPS, FARESO, PATRWHTS, PATRJEWS, PATRBLKS, PATRASNS, PATRHSPS,
PATRSO
If R objects that these questions are prejudiced or that they promote stereotypes, or if R otherwise questions their
purpose, explain, "People have differing images of groups. These questions ask about how people perceive various
groups in America."
If R objects further that the questions are prejudiced, you may add, "The questions can be answered in any way you
wish. You can rate groups towards one end or the other and you can rate groups the same or differently."
1996
DISCAFF, DISCWHY1-6
In this series of RACOPEN, RACLIVE, RACFEW, RACHAF, RACMOST questions, use the term
either "black" or "African-American" depending on the customary usage in your area.
1991
WKRYEARS
Working for pay defined as R receiving cash wages, salary, commission, or tips for his/her time.
1991
NUMUNEMP, TOTUNEMP
"Looking for work" to be self-defined by the respondent. Generally, it can include any activity related to finding
work or starting a business or profession.
Appendix B
1991
EMPYEARS, JOBYEARS
Be sure to probe for month and year.
1994
ALIKE1-8 The questions in this section have been taken from a standard ability test. Some of the respondents may be familiar
with this test and may ask if you are administering an intelligence. test. You should respond that we are not testing
their IQ. That's not possible. IQ involves many different skills; it takes a long time to assess and can only be
assessed by trained psychologists. Rather, we are interested in how people of different ages solve problems of
abstract reasoning. These similarities questions tap such reasoning skills.
It is critical that you write everything the respondent says in response to every question. DO NOT leave out any
words or phrases. If the respondent gives more than one answer per question, write in all answers given.
Also, it is imperative that you distinguish between "don't know" answers and refusals. For example, if a
respondent says, "I don't really know," do not write as "refusal." Likewise, if someone says, "There are no
similarities," you would record that response. In general, write down what the R says. Start with Item A. Say, "In
what way are an ORANGE and a BANANA alike?"
If R replies that they are both fruit, say, "Good" and proceed to the next item. If R says something else, like "You eat
them both," of "They both have skins," say "That's right, you eat them both. Also, they are fruit," or "That's right,
they both have skins. Also, they are both fruit." Then go to the next item.
If R does not respond at all or says something that makes no sense, say, "They are both fruit, you eat them both," and
go on to the next item. (Always record what the respondent says, even on this first item.)
DO NOT probe at all, unless the response is ambiguous or unclear. From the second item onward, DO NOT suggest
any answer, and DO NOT probe at all, except to clarify a response that has already been offered. Probes should be
indicated in the record, and responses written verbatim. Go on to the next item if there is a prolonged silence, even if
R does not say, "I don't know."
If a respondent volunteers more than two answers to an item, record only the first two answers, then politely interrupt
the respondent, and go on to the next item.
1994
FSTSPYR Questions 478-482, asking about the R's "First [spouse]," should be asked that way if R has been married more than
once and in terms of "Former [spouse] if R has not been married more than once.
1994
FSTSPEDC, FSTSPDEG
Includes schooling the person may have received in night school or special classes toward a high school diploma. If
foreign schooling, probe for closest equivalent to U.S. grades.
PROBE FOR BEST GUESS
Ask "B" regardless of answer to "A."
[College for Credit] toward an academic degree.
If impossible to determine whether person's schooling was "college for credit," record verbatim, including number of
years, and do not code.
Appendix B
If not sure of how to code, record verbatim and do not code.
1994
FSTSPPED, FSTSPMED, SPAPAEDUC, SPMAEDUC

See spex for FSTSPEDC, FSTSPDEG.
1994
SPSIBS Do not include spouse.
1994
KDSEX1-9, KDYRBRN1-9, KDREL1-9, KIDALIVE1-9, KIDEDUC1-9, KIDPICKED, SBSEX1-9, SBYRBRN1-9, SBREL1-9,

SBALIVE1-9, SBPICKED, SBEDUC
Try to record the full, given name of each child.
Try to record the full, given name of each sibling.
1994
SBEDUC, SPDEG
See spex for FSTSPEDC, FSTSPDEG.
1998
INCTAX If R says "I do not pay income tax," record verbatim and do not code.
1988-93
AIDSDKNOW
[AIDS] = Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome.
1991
GENESELF Say "you" for females; "your partner" for males. If reply is "I don't have a partner," say "answer as if this were a
hypothetical question."
1991
GENEABRT Say "yourself want to" for females; "want your partner to" for males. If reply is "I don't have a partner," say
"Answer as if this were a hypothetical question."
1991
HLTH1-14, WORK1-10, FINAN1-5, HRDSHP1-7, FAMPER1-6, LAW1-7, LIVE1-4, OTH1-5, EXTRA1-2

If Respondent refuses, hesitates, or otherwise seems to be reluctant to report the occurrence of particular events, try
to reassure the Respondent that we know some events may be personal or sensitive. Tell the Respondent that in
order to deal with social conditions and help families, we need to know what events and conditions are affecting their
lives. If Respondent remains unwilling to answer, please note and do not push further.
Certain questions apply only to certain groups of Respondents such as:

Appendix B
-- those who worked during the last year
-- those with a husband/wife/partner during the last year
-- those with a child alive during the last year
If you are certain from this question and what you've already learned about the Respondent that these questions don't
apply, you can skip over then and enter "No" as the appropriate response. Don't skip over any question unless you
are absolutely certain they don't apply.
Read phrases in parentheses as examples if R needs clarification.
1991
EXTRA1-2 Probe for mention of two other events not covered by HLTH1-14, WORK1-10, FINAN1-5, HRDSHP1-7,
FAMPER1-6, LAW1-7, LIVE1-4.
1983-91, 93-2012
ETHNIC, ETH1-3
1596 Enter code numbers above [1996: on the lines provided], not on code list.
[Enter code number in boxes], Example: For Africa, 01 [1996: For Ireland, 14.]
[Enter code 88 and ask A] Note!
If not sure which country to code, or if country mentioned is [1985, 86:(are)] not listed, enter code 29 [1994-2012: on
the lines above and write name of country verbatim.] in box [1985, 86, 88-91, 93: box(es)] above and specify here.
1982
[NATIONAL CODES] Enter code(s) above in boxes, not here.
1978, 80
[ENTER CODE NUMBER] Example: For Africa, 01.
[ENTER CODE 88 AND ASK A.] Note.
[National Codes] Enter code(s) above, not here.
[Other (SPECIFY)] If not sure which country to code or if country mentioned is not listed, enter code 29 in box
above and specify here. (1982 only)
1977
Omits last line.
1976
Alteration: 1st line "Ireland, 14."
1972-75
None.
1985-91, 93-94
SPETHNIC, SPETH1-3
See specs for ETHNIC, ETH1-3.
Appendix B
1972
WORKDY If not currently working, skip to instructions before FAREHSPS.
1972
WORKHR Probe for category that comes closest to R's hours. For example: From 10:30 A.M. to 6:30 P.M. should be coded 1".
If can't decide where hours fit, record verbatim and code "5."
1972
SPDAYS If spouse not working full-time, skip to instructions before RINCOM06.
See WORKHR for interviewer instructions.
1972
SPHOUR See WORKHR for interviewer instruction.
1986-91, 93-2012
DWELLING None.
1982-85
Code one.
1985-91, 93-2012
DWELOWN If R reports other arrangement, record verbatim and [1994-96: code as other.] do not code.
1982, 84, 87-91, 93-2012
WORDA-J, WORDSUM
If R [1984, 1994-98: is] not sure, probe for best guess.
1978
None.
1976
If R is having difficulty, reassure him/her that these are difficult words for most people, and ask him to guess if not
sure.
1974
Note: Don't let R take lots of time on this question.

Emphasize that most people don't know many of the words and we want his best guess.
Read words to R, if you think R has difficulty reading. Note: We ask the R to tell you the number of the word. That
is because he may not be sure how to pronounce the word and be embarrassed to say it to you.
If R refuses to guess, code 9. Note: Code numbers are to the left of categories in this question. Circle them as you
would usually. In coding, be sure you know which word R is responding to. You may have to read the
CAPITALIZED word aloud, to be sure you and the R are on the same line.
Appendix B
1987
WELFARE1-6
If R asks, welfare refers to need-based programs such as aid to families with dependent children (AFDC), food
stamps, supplement security income, general assistance, public aid. It does not include unemployment compensation,
social security, or medicare.
1996
OLD1-14, RELATE1-14, GENDER1-14, MAR1-14, AWAY1-14, WHERE1-14, RELATE1-14

Read the opening introduction as written.
Always wear your ID card.
Be sure to have a copy of the advance letter, GSS Brochure and NORC Brochure available to show
to the informant. If they are enclosed in plastic covers, they stay cleaner and last longer.
If you determine that you are at the correct HU but the address is different in any way, except Zip
Code, be sure to complete the Sample Report Form.
ALWAYS PRINT ALL NAMES. ENTER FIRST NAME FIRST.
Head of household for the GSS can be anyone that the informant names as the head of household.
After entering the head of household, list the other household members as they are named by the
informant.
Visitors are defined as people who have stayed in the assigned HU for 4 or more of the previous
nights. If they are only staying over for 1 or 2 nights do not list them.
Be sure you are recording the relationship to the head of household, not the informant or respondent.
If 2 people are the same age, probe for the month and enter according to age. In the case of twins,
probe for which twin was born first.
1996-2012
COHORT None.
1983-91, 93-94
[month] Enter correct number.

[day] Be sure to "zero" fill.
1978, 80, 82
[month] Enter correct number here. (82 drops "here.")
1977
[month] Enter these [month codes] #'s here.
1976
None.
Appendix C
APPENDIX C:
GENERAL CODING INSTRUCTIONS
The coding specifications are the work rules for coding the information collected by the interviewers. Although many questions are
coded independently, others link up with a network of questions─and the networks must be internally consistent. For example: If no
father or father substitute is given for FAMILY16, all questions which refer to father or father substitute (e.g., father's occupation or
education) must be coded as
"BK" (blank). Other networks include questions relating to marital status and labor force status. The coder specifications instruct the
coders to watch for interconnections both within questions and within networks of questions.
The internal consistency of these networks has been incorporated into the NORC cleaning specifications. These cleaning procedures
are computer programs which test for the logical consistencies set up in the coding specifications. When inconsistencies are found,
they are printed out as error statements and are then corrected. Coding and cleaning specifications are used jointly to help insure the
integrity of the data.
Note that much of the following only applies to pre-CAPI surveys.
For detailed information on data cleaning at NORC, see the following:
Winona Adkins: EDIT─The NORC Cleaning Program: A program to develop a sequential file. Chicago, NORC, Revised
April, 1975.
GENERAL CODING INSTRUCTIONS
A. Coding must be done in red pencil.
B. Never erase any interviewer-circled codes or comments. If the questionnaire must be corrected, draw a line through the code
circled in error. Do not make it impossible to read what was done originally. Please note that green marks are field
department corrections.
C. Every column must have a code, and no column may contain more than one clearly circled code.
D. For those questions noted FLAG: this instruction applies to questions where special coding problems
have been anticipated. Coders will be provided with a supply of little clips (flags) to attach to the page where the problem
occurs. Coders may also flag all other areas in the questionnaire where information
is incomplete or unclear, and requires the supervisor's attention.
E. For those questions noted LIST: record on an "OTHER" list form the questionnaire identification and
all verbatim comments relating to the response to be listed. A separate list should be kept for each question. If, however, a
question has more than one listed code, keep a separate list for each code.
Record at the top of each form the study number, the question number, the column number, and the
listed code. In most surveys, all "Other (SPECIFY)" codes are listed.
F. The "no answer" (NA) and "refusal" code for this questionnaire is '9' in a one-column field, '99' in a two-column field, etc.
NA is coded when the respondent does not give an answer, when the
interviewer fails to ask a question or to record the answer, when the written information is contradictory
or too vague to code, and when the coder needs to supply a code in order to resolve a tricky skip
pattern. NA is allowed for every question except those specifically excepted in the codebook, such as
race and sex.
G. The "not applicable" (NAP) code is "R," which means "reject" or "blank" to our keypunchers. NAP is coded when a question
was not supposed to have been asked (i.e., because of directions to skip it).
H. If "don't know" (DK) is not a preprinted code, then DK is coded '8' in a one-column field, '98' in a two-column field, '998' in a
three-column field, etc. If DK has been listed along with other responses
in one question, edit out (or do not code) the DK response.
Appendix C
I. A filter question is one that determines whether or not a series of other questions, dependent on the filter question, should be
asked. On the basis of the response to the filter question, the interviewer is
instructed either to ask the dependent questions or to skip them. Generally, the interviewer is instructed
to skip the dependent questions if the answer to the filter question is "no" and to ask these questions if
the answer is "yes". A dependent question can, itself, function as a separate filter question that governs
a different skip pattern.
The interviewer's skip instructions have been restated in the codebook in terms of codes. Coders should code "not
applicable" (NAP) for questions that were to have been skipped by the interviewer. Questions that are not to be coded NAP
(not to have been skipped by the interviewer) must have either "answer"
or "no answer" (NA) codes.
If the filter question is coded NA, all dependent questions must be coded NA, unless the dependent questions contain
valuable data─in which case the supervisor should select what data are to be kept. If more than one response is given to the
filter question, or if the filter question was left blank, the
supervisor should examine the dependent questions to determine what should be coded for the filter question. If a code for
the filter question still cannot be determined, code the filter question NA.
The object of editing filter questions is to make the data fit into the correct skip pattern. However, this
is to be done in a logical fashion, i.e., never falsify or inflate the data just to make them fit. You may,
in order to make the data match the skips, exchange "no answer" and "not applicable" codes with wild abandon. Be careful
when you are eliminating real data. Make sure it is unnecessary or duplicated
elsewhere or trivial or wrong. Settle your doubts about inconsistencies with the supervisor. When you
are coding in real data, make sure you have grounds for your assumptions.
J. For those questions noted precoded: The interviewer's definition of a precoded question is one in which
the answer categories are read as part of the question. The interviewer is instructed to circle the corresponding response code.
If more than one code has been circled, but the respondent's remarks
have been written in, or if one code has been circled, but the interviewer's comments are inconsistent
with the circled code, flag the question. If the response is uncodeable, code NA.
K. For those questions noted field-coded: The interviewer is instructed to record the respondent's answer verbatim and then to
circle or write in the appropriate code. If the response is in the same words as the code categories, the interviewer has the
option of not recording verbatim, but simply circling the code number as in the handling of precoded questions. If no codes
have been circled, code the verbatim response. When the verbatim response is inconsistent with the circled or written codes,
code the
verbatim response.
L. For those questions noted zero-fill: Make certain that the numbers are readable, edit all answers so that
the units digit is furthest to the right, and enter '0's to the left of the first significant digit until the entire field of columns is
filled. If the answer is "none," code '0' in all columns. Rounding instructions are
as follows:
Fractions -- Code whole numbers only--drop any fractions.
Ranges -- If a range is given (e.g., 8-10), code the mid-point. IF the mid-point
of a range is between two consecutive numbers, code according to
the rule for rounding fractions.
The highest codeable number in a one-column field is given in the codebook at each question. The
highest codeable number in a two-digit column field is '96,' in a three-column field '996,' etc. List all answers that exceed the
highest codeable number.
Appendix C
M. For those questions noted code as many as apply: These are precoded, field-coded, or open-ended questions which have been
designed to allow multiple responses by assigning each code a column. All responses not chosen must be coded NAP. If the
entire question was left unanswered, code all columns NA.
N. For those questions noted code up: If there are more responses than columns set aside, code the
responses which are highest on the list of codes (lowest code numbers).
O. For those questions noted flip a coin: If there is a consecutive multiple responses in the same category
(e.g., 1 = agree strongly, 2 = agree slightly; but not 2 = agree slightly, 3 = disagree slightly), the
coder will flip a coin to determine which answer is to be edited out.
P. For those questions noted code up to number(s): These questions are field-coded or open-ended
questions which have been designed to allow multiple responses. Code (or make sure the interviewer
has coded) the first item mentioned by the respondent in the first column(s) set aside for the answer;
code the second item mentioned in the second column, and so on. If there are fewer items mentioned
than columns set aside, code the rest of the columns NAP. If there are more items than columns set
aside, coders may be instructed in the codebook to list those items left uncoded.
Appendix D
APPENDIX D: RECODES
Recoding was done on questions when the original data format seemed inappropriate, awkward, or too liberal in its use of columns.
Some questions which were originally designed as two column questions were recoded into one when the responses indicated that the
second column was unnecessary. Other variables were recoded into their desired final format. Education, for example, required
several questions to elicit adequate information for the final recoded two variable formats (years of schooling and degrees received).
The following section includes for each variable: the major reason for recoding; the method of recoding; and the question as it
appeared on the questionnaire. This section includes all variables which are referred to by [RECODE] in the codebook. The question
number, listed under each variable, indicates where the recoded question can be found in the codebook.
AGE RECODE
(AGE)
Intent of Recode
In an attempt to maximize the validity of the responses, the interviewer asked for the date of birth rather than the age of the respondent.
This format, however, necessitated a recode into the more workable two-column code of exact age.
Method of Recode
The respondent's age was calculated by subtracting the year of birth from the survey year. The results of the subtraction were entered
into AGE. Ages of 90 and over were recoded into 89.
Original Question
13. 1972-1975
In what year were you born?
1976-2012
What is your date of birth? | | | | | | | | |
MONTH DAY YEAR
EDUCATION RECODE
(EDUC, PAEDUC, MAEDUC, SPEDUC, DEGREE, PADEG, MADEG, SPDEG)
Intent of Recode
The education data, as originally designed, were to consist of two independent variables. The first, a continuous variable, would
represent the number of years in school, and the second, an ordinal variable, would indicate degrees actually received. Ease of
handling and a desire to make use of continuous data where present motivated this two-variable design. Certain alterations to this
design were made to facilitate the interviewing process. Recoding was then necessary to reconcile the data with the original design.
Method of Recode
For the continuous variable, the years of schooling is based on two questions. The first asked: “What is the highest grade in
elementary school or high school that {response to dadfill} finished and got credit for?” The second asked “How many years did he
complete?” for those who say “yes” to “Did he ever complete one or more years of college for credit—not including schooling such as
business college, technical or vocational school?”. These data were combined into one continuous scale. For the second variable
(degrees received), the degree marked represents the highest degree actually achieved. The variables for degrees and years of
schooling were independently collected and coded─one was not generated from the other.
Blanks in the original data, denoting "not applicable," have been recoded to '97' for the years of schooling variable and '7' for the
degrees received variable. This was done for the convenience of persons who use computer programs which read blanks as zeros.
Appendix D
Original Question
While only the "Father's education" question is shown, Mother's, Spouse's, Respondent's, and Respondent's
First Spouse's education was collected with the same question format.
What is the highest grade in elementary school or high school that your (father/FATHER SUBSTITUTE)
finished and got credit for? CODE EXACT GRADE.
No formal school . 00
1st grade . . . . 01
2nd grade . . . . 02
3rd grade . . . . 03 GO TO NEXT QUESTION ---------------------->
4th grade . . . . 04
5th grade . . . . 05 9th grade . . . . 09
6th grade . . . . 06 10th grade . . . . 10 ASK
7th grade . . . . 07 11th grade . . . . 11 A & B
8th grade . . . . 08 12th grade . . . . 12
Don't know . . . . 98
_______________________________________________________________________________________
IF FINISHED 9TH - 12TH GRADE, OR D.K.:

A. Did he ever get a high school diploma or a GED certificate?
Yes . . . . (ASK B) . . . 1
No . . . . (ASK B) . . . 2
Don't know (ASK B) . . . 8
B. Did he ever complete one or more years of college for credit─not including schooling such as business college, technical or
vocational school?
Yes . [ASK (1) & (2)] . . 1

No . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Don't know . . . . . . . 8
IF YES TO B:
(1) How many years did he complete?
1 year . . . . 13
2 years . . . 14
3 years . . . 15
4 years . . . 16
5 years . . . 17
6 years . . . 18
7 years . . . 19
8+ years . . . 20
Don't know . . 98
(2) Does he have any college degrees?

Yes . . [ASK (3)] . 1
No . . . . . . . . 2
Don't know . . . . 8
(3) IF YES TO (2): What degree or degrees? CODE HIGHEST DEGREE EARNED
Associate/Junior college . 2
Bachelor's . . . . . . . . 3
Graduate . . . . . . . . . 4
Don't know . . . . . . . . 8
Appendix D
STATE OF ORIGIN RECODE
(REG16)
Intent of Recode
Although the place of residence at age 16 was collected and coded for the state level, it was recoded for three reasons: (1) anonymity
was seen as a potential problem in rural areas, where occupational and residential characteristics might make it possible to reconstruct
the identity of a respondent; (2) comparability with the information on place of interview is made possible by the recode, since place
of interview is coded by region only; and (3) recoding provides for the relative ease of handling one digit of information rather than
two.
Method of Recode
Using the component parts drawn from the nine-part Bureau of the Census regional classification, states of origin were recoded into
regions. The state components are listed at REG16. The only necessary modification was the addition of the number zero to represent
the foreign born.
Original Question
2. In what state or foreign country were you living when you were 16 years old?
REFER TO STATE CODES BELOW AND _____________

ENTER CODE NUMBER IN BOX . . . | | |
_____________________________________________________________________________
STATE CODES
Alabama.............63 Louisiana............73 Oklahoma..........72
Alaska..............94 Maine................11 Oregon............92
Arizona.............87 Maryland.............52 Pennsylvania......23
Arkansas............71 Massachusetts........14 Rhode Island......16
California..........93 Michigan.............34 South Carolina....57
Colorado............86 Minnesota............41 South Dakota......45
Connecticut.........15 Mississippi..........64 Tennessee.........62
Delaware............51 Missouri.............43 Texas.............74
Washington, D.C.....55 Montana..............81 Utah..............85
Florida.............59 Nebraska.............46 Vermont...........12
Georgia.............58 Nevada...............84 Virginia..........54
Hawaii..............95 New Hampshire........13 Washington........91
Idaho...............82 New Jersey...........22 West Virginia.....53
Illinois............32 New Mexico...........88 Wisconsin.........31
Indiana.............33 New York.............21 Wyoming...........83
Iowa................42 North Carolina.......56
Kansas..............47 North Dakota.........44 Foreign country...
Kentucky............61 Ohio.................35 _________________ 01
GEOGRAPHIC MOBILITY RECODE
(MOBILE16)
Intent of Recode
This recode utilizes the information on state of residence at age 16, which was collected but not directly available for the reasons
mentioned above. The recoded index provides a measure of geographic mobility which integrates the information on the city and state
of interview with that of the city and state of residence at age 16.
Methods of Recode
Appendix D
If the state mentioned as residence at age 16 was the same as the state of interview, the interviewer was instructed to ask whether the
city of early residence was also the same. If the respondent indicated that it was, these data were coded as 1. If the state of residence
at age 16 was not the same as the state of interview, a code of 3 was used.
Original Question
IF STATE NAMED IS SAME STATE R. LIVES IN NOW, ASK A:
A. When you were 16 years old, were you living in this same (city/town/county)?
Yes...................1
No....................2
HOUSEHOLD COMPOSITION RECODE
(HOMPOP, BABIES, PRETEEN, TEENS, ADULTS)
1975
Intent of Recode
Half of the sample for the 1975 General Social Survey was a full probability sample, with predesignated respondents (See Appendix
A: Sampling Design). For this portion of the sample, Household Enumeration Forms were completed for the chosen households prior
to selection of the actual respondent. The questionnaires for the block quota half of the sample were therefore modified in order to
obtain information comparable to that on the Household Enumeration Form. The data thus collected were recoded in order to conform
in format to the household composition variables of previous General Social Surveys.
Method of Recode
The information collected about each household member was used to obtain the number of residents in each age group.
Original Question
A number of questions were asked about each household member. Those used in computing the variables on the General Social
Survey are:
2) Please tell me the names of the people who usually live in this household?
3) Have we forgotten anyone: such as babies or small children; roomers; people who usually live here but are away
temporarily─on business trips, vacations, temporarily in a hospital, and so
on?
5) What is (PERSON)'s relationship to (HEAD OF HOUSEHOLD)?
7) How old was (HEAD/PERSON) on (his/her) last birthday?
9) Are any of the people we have listed staying somewhere else right now?
IF YES:
10) Who is staying somewhere else right now?
11) Where is (PERSON) living right now: is (PERSON) staying at another household; is (he/she) traveling; is (he/she)
in some institution or dormitory─like at college, or in a hospital or somewhere; or what?
1977-2012
Appendix D
Household composition was determined as in 1975, but relationship to respondent was asked in questionnaire instead of being taken
from the Household Enumeration Form.
Original Question
Now I would like you to think about the people who live in this household. Please include any persons who usually live here but are
away temporarily─on business, on vacation, or in a general hospital─and include all babies and small children. Do not include college
students who are living away at college, persons stationed away from here in the Armed Forces, or persons away in institutions.
YES..............................1
NO...........(ASK A).............2
A. IF NO: How many persons in the household are not related to you in any way?
SRC NEW BELT CODE
(SRCBELT)
Intent of Recode
The SRC belt code (a coding system originally devised to describe rings around a metropolitan area and to categorize places by size
and type simultaneously) first appeared in an article written by Bernard Laserwitz (American Sociological Review, v. 25, no. 2, 1960),
and has been used subsequently in several SRC surveys.
Its use was discontinued in 1971 because of difficulties particularly evident in the operationalization of "adjacent and outlying areas."
For this study, however, we have revised the SRC belt code for users who might find such
a variable useful. The new SRC belt code utilizes "name of place" information contained in the sampling units
of the NORC Field Department.
Method of Recode
This recode assigns codes to the place of interview. City characteristics were determined by reference to the
rank ordering of SMSAs in the Statistical Abstract of the United States, 1972, Table 20. Suburb characteristics
were determined by reference to the urbanized map in the U.S. Bureau of the Census, 1970 Census of
Population, Number of Inhabitants, Series PC (1) -A. The "other urban" codes were assigned on the basis of
county characteristics found in Table 10 of the 1970 Census of Population, Number of Inhabitants. For cases
from later frames analogous tables from subsequent Censuses were used.
PARTY AFFILIATION RECODE
(PARTYID)
Intent of Recode
The question was recoded so that it would match the Michigan Survey Research Center's presentation of the data.
Method of Recoding
The recode considers both the party affiliation and the subjective intensity of that party affiliation in the assignment of new codes.
Appendix D
Original Question
56. Generally speaking, do you usually think of yourself as a Republican, Democrat, Independent, or what?
Republican (ASK A).............1

Democrat (ASK A)...............2
Independent (ASK B)............3
Other (SPECIFY AND ASK B)......4
No Preference (ASK B)..........8
A. IF REPUBLICAN OR DEMOCRAT: Would you call yourself a strong (Republican/Democrat) or not a very strong
(Republican/Democrat)?
Strong.........................1
Not very strong................2
B. IF INDEPENDENT NO PREFERENCE, OR OTHER: Do you think of yourself as closer to the Republican or

Democratic Party?
Republican.....................3
Democratic.....................4
Neither........................8
QUALITIES FOR CHILDREN RECODE
(MANNERS, SUCCESS, HONEST, CLEAN, JUDGMENT, CONTROL, ROLE, AMICABLE, OBEYS, RESPONSI, CONSIDER,
INTEREST, STUDIOUS)
Intent of Recode
The codes were assigned to the responses so that they formed an ordinal scale ranging from the "one most desirable" to the "one least
desirable."
Method of Recode
Qualities not chosen as one of the three most desirable or the three least important were simply assigned the code (3).
Original Question
1. Which three qualities listed on this card would you say are the most desirable for a child to have?
CIRCLE THREE CODES ONLY IN COLUMN A.
2. Which one of these three is the most desirable of all? READ THE THREE R. CHOSE. CODE ONE ONLY
IN COLUMN B.
3. All of the qualities listed on this card may be desirable, but could you tell me which three you consider least important:
CIRCLE THREE CODES ONLY COLUMN C.
4. And which one of these three is least important at all? READ THE THREE R. CHOSE. CODE ONE ONLY IN COLUMN D.
Most Least
Desirable Important
A. B. C. D.
Three One Three One
Most Most Least Least
Appendix D
A. that he has good manners 2 1 4 5
B. that he tries hard to succeed 2 1 4 5
C. that he is honest 2 1 4 5
(Same format through M.
QUALITIES FOR CHILD RECODE
(MANNERSY, SUCCESSY, HONESTY, CLEANY, JUDGMENY, CONTROLY, ROLEY, AMICABLY, OBEYSY, RESPONSY,
CONSIDEY, INTEREY, STUDIOUY)
Recoded same as MANNERS, SUCCESS, HONEST, CLEAN, JUDGMENT, CONTROL, ROLE, AMICABLE, OBEYS,
RESPONSI, CONSIDER, INTEREST, STUDIOUS above
TRAUMA RECODES
(DIVORCE5, DIVREL1, DIVREL4, UNEMP5, UNREL1, UNREL4, HOSDIS5, HOSREL1, HOSREL4, DEATH5, DEATH16,
PADEATH, MADEATH, CHLDDEATH, SIBDEATH, SPDEATH, TRAUMA1, TRAUMA5, TRAREL1, TRAREL5, TRATOT1,
TRATOT5)
Intent of Recodes
For user convenience, the information on traumatic events has been presented in a condensed and abridged format. Users interested in
the unabridged data should contact the GSS project staff at NORC (1155 East 60th Street, Chicago, Ill. 60637).
Method of Recodes
In the following detailed description of the trauma recodes the user is directed to the full, original wording of the trauma questions.
A. DIVORCE5
If 21.B.1, 21.B.2, 21.C.1, and 21.C.2 equal "No" then DIVORCE5 equals punch "0."
If 21.B.1 or 21.C.1 equal "Yes" and 21.B.2 or 21.C.2 equal "Yes," then DIVORCE5 equals punch "3."
If 21.B.1 or 21.C.1 equal "Yes" and 21.B.2 and 21.C.1 equal "No," then DIVORCE5 equals punch "2."
If 21.B.1 and 21.C.1 equal "No" and 21.B.2 or 21.C.2 equal "Yes," then DIVORCE5 equals punch "1."
If 21.B.1, 21.B.2, 21.C.1, or 21.C.2 equal "9," then DIVORCE5 equals punch "9."
B. DIVREL1
Sum of relatives coded in 22.A.1.
C. DIVREL4
Sum of relatives coded in 22.B.1.
D. UNEMP5
If 28 equals "No" or 28.A and 28.B equal "No," then UNEMP5 equals punch "0."
If 28.A equals "No" and 28.B equals "Yes" and 28.B.1 equals "No," then UNEMP5 equals punch "1."
If 28.A equal "No" and 28.B equals "Yes" and 28.B.1 equals "Yes," then UNEMP5 equals punch "2."
If 28.A equal "Yes" and 28.A.1 equals "No" and 28.B equal "No," then UNEMP5 equal punch "3."
If 28.A equals "Yes," and 28.A.1 equals "No" and 28.B. equals "Yes" and 28.B.1 equals "No," then UNEMP5 equals punch
"4."
If 28.A. equals "Yes" and 28.A.1 equals "No" and 28.B equals "Yes" and 28.B.1 equals "Yes," then UNEMP5 equals "5."
If 28.A equals "Yes" and 28.A.1 equals "Yes" and 28.B equal "No," then UNEMP5 equals punch "6."
If 28.A equals "Yes" and 28.A.1 equals "Yes" and 28.B equals "Yes" and 28.B.1 equals "No," then UNEMP5 equals punch
"7."
If 28.A equals "Yes" and 28.A.1 equals "Yes" and 28.B equals "Yes" and 28.B.1 equals "Yes," then UNEMP5 equals punch
"8."
If 28.A, 28.A.1, 28.B, or 28.B.1 equal "9," then UNEMP5 equals punch "9."
Appendix D
E. UNREL1
F. UNREL4
G. HOSDIS5
If 88.A, 88.B, 89.A, and 89.B equals "No," then HOSDIS5 equals punch "0."
If 88.A and 88.B equal "No" and 89.A or 89.B equals "Yes," then HOSDIS5 equals punch "1."
If 88.A or 88.B equal "Yes" and 89.A and 89.B equal "No," then HOSDIS5 equals punch "2."
If 88.A or 88.B equal "Yes" and 89.A or 89.B equal "Yes," then HOSDIS5 equals punch "3."
If 88.A or 88.B equal "9" and the other equals "No," then HOSDIS5 equals punch "9."
If 89.A or 89.B equal "9" and the other equals "No," then HOSDIS5 equals punch "9."
If 88.A and 88.B equal "9," then HOSDIS5 equals punch "9."
If 89.A and 89.B equal "9," then HOSDIS5 equals punch "9."
H. HOSREL1
Sum of relatives coded in 88.C.1.
I. HOSREL4
J. DEATH5
If 90 equals "No" or 90.A and 90.B equal "No," then DEATH5 equals punch "0."
If 90.A equals "No" and sum of relatives coded in 90.B.1 equals one, then DEATH5 equals punch "1."
If 90.A equals "No" and the sum of relatives coded in 90.B.1 equals two or more, then DEATH5 equals punch "2."
If the sum of relatives coded in 90.A.1 equals one and 90.B equals "No," then DEATH5 equals punch
"3."
If the sum of relatives coded in 90.A.1 equals one and the sum of relatives coded in 90.B.1 equals one,
then DEATH5 equals punch "4."
If the sum of relatives coded in 90.A.1 equals one and the sum of relatives coded in 90.B.1 equals two
or more, then DEATH5 equals punch "5."
If the sum of relatives coded in 90.A.1 equals two or more and 90.B equals "No," then DEATH5 equals punch "6."
If the sum of relatives coded in 90.A.1 equals two or more and the sum of relatives coded in 90.B.1
equals one, then DEATH5 equals punch "7."
If the sum of relatives coded in 90.A.1 equals two or more and the sum of relatives coded in 90.B.1
equals two or more, then DEATH5 equals punch "8."
If 90, 90.A, or 90.B equals "9," then DEATH5 equals punch "9."
K. DEATH16
L. PADEATH
If father alive when respondent was 16 years old (FAMILY16 equal "1," "2," "4," and some "0," or if FAMILY16 equals "3,"
"5," or some "0," and FAMDIF16 is not equal to "1," and father not coded in 90.A.1, 90.B.1, or 90.C.1, then
PADEATH equals punch "0."
If FAMILY16 equals "3," "5," or some "0" and FAMDIF16 equals 1, then PADEATH equals punch "1."
If father coded in 90.C.1, then PADEATH equals punch "2."
If father coded in 90.B.1, then PADEATH equals punch "3."
If father coded in 90.A.1, then PADEATH equals punch "4."
If FAMILY16 equals "6," "7," "8," and some "0" and father not coded in 90.A.1, 90.B.1, or 90.C.1, then PADEATH equals
punch "8."
If father not coded in 90.A.1, 90.B.1 or 90.C.1 and 90.A, 90.B, or 90.C equals "9" and father alive when respondent 16 years
old, then PADEATH equal punch "9."
If father not coded in 90.A.1, 90.B.1, or 90.C.1 and FAMILY16 equals "9," then PADEATH equals punch "9."
If father not coded in 90.A.1, 90.B.1, or 90.C.1 and FAMILY16 equals "3," or "5" and FAMDIF16 equals "9," then
PADEATH equals punch "9."
M. MADEATH
Coded in an analogous manner to PADEATH.
Appendix D
N. CHLDDTH
If CHILDS greater than zero and child and child's husband or wife not coded in 90.A.1, 90.B.1 or 90.C.1, then CHLDDTH
equals punch "0."
If CHILDS greater than zero, and child or child's husband or wife coded in 90.C.1 and not coded in 90.B.1 and 90.A.1,then
CHLDDTH equals punch "1."
If CHILDS greater than zero and child or child's husband or wife coded in 90.B.1 and not coded in 90.A.1, then CHLDDTH
equals punch "2."
If CHILDS greater than zero and child or child's husband/wife coded in 90.A.1, then CHLDDTH equals punch "3."
If CHILDS equals zero, then CHLDDTH equals punch "Blank."
If CHILDS equals "9" and child or child's husband or wife not coded in 90.A.1, 90.B.1, or 90.C.1, then CHLDDTH equals
punch "9."
If CHILDS greater than zero and 90.C equals "9" and child or child's husband not coded in 90.B.1 or 90.A.1, then
CHLDDTH equals punch "9."
If CHILDS greater than zero and 90.B equals "9" and child or child's husband not coded in 90.A.1, then CHLDDTH equals
punch "9."
If CHILDS greater than zero and 90.A equals "9," then CHLDDTH equals punch "9."
O. SIBDEATH
Coded in an analogous manner to CHLDDTH.
P. SPDEATH
Coded in an analogous manner to CHLDDTH (e.g., if MARITAL equals "never married" then SPDEATH equals "Blank").
Q. TRAUMA1
Number of traumas happening to respondent last year (count one if DIVORCE5 equals "2" or "3," HOSDIS5 equals "2" or
"3," DEATH5 equals "3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8," and UNEMP5 equals "3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8." )
If DIVORCE5, UNEMP5, HOSDIS5, or DEATH5 equals "9," then TRAUMA1 equals "9."
R. TRAUMA5
Number of traumas happening to respondent during last five years (count one each if DIVORCE5 or HOSDIS5 equals "1, 2,
or 3" or DEATH5 or UNEMP5 equals "1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8").
If DIVORCE5, UNEMP5, HOSDIS5, or DEATH5 equals "9," then TRAUMA5 equals "9."
S. TRAREL1
Number of traumas happening to respondent's relatives during the last year (count one each if DIVREL1, UNREL1, or
HOSREL1 greater than zero).
If DIVREL1, UNREL1, or HOSREL1 equals "9," then TRAREL1 equals "9."
T. TRAREL5
Number of traumas happening to respondent's relatives during the last five years.
If DIVREL1 or DIVREL4 greater than zero, then TRAREL5 counts 1.
If HOSREL1 or HOSREL4 greater than zero, then TRAREL5 counts 1.
If UNREL1 or UNREL4 greater than zero, then TRAREL5 counts 1.
If DIVREL1 and/or DIVREL4 equals "9" and the other equals "0," then TRAREL5 equals "9."
If HOSREL1 and/or HOSREL4 equals "9" and the other equals "0," then TRAREL5 equals "9."
If UNREL1 and/or UNREL4 equals "9" and the other equals "0," then TRAREL5 equals "9."
U. TRATOT1
Sum of TRAUMA1 and TRAREL1. If either TRAUMA1 or TRAREL1 equals "9," then TRATOT1 equals "9."
V. TRATOT5
Sum of TRAUMA5 and TRAREL5. If either TRAUMA5 or TRAREL5 equals "9," then TRATOT5 equals "9."
21*. Are you currently─married, widowed, divorced, separated, or have you never been married?
Married... (ASK A & B)...........1
Widowed... (ASK A & B)...........2
Divorced.. (ASK A & C)...........3
Appendix D
Separated. (ASK A & C)...........4

Never married(GO TO SPDEG).......5
IF EVER MARRIED:
A. How old were you when you first married?
ENTER EXACT AGE: | | |
B. ASK ONLY IF CURRENTLY MARRIED OR WIDOWED:

Have you ever been divorced or legally separated?
Yes (ASK [1]......................1

No (GO TO SPDEG) ..................2
IF YES TO B:
[1] Did you obtain a divorce or separation during the past 12 months, that is since (Feb./Mar.) 1977?
Yes (ASK [2])..................1
No (ASK [2])..................2
[2] Did you (also) obtain a divorce or separation during the period 1973 through (Feb./Mar.) 1977?
Yes (GO TO SPDEG)..............1
No (GO TO SPDEG)..............2
C. IF DIVORCED OR SEPARATED:
[1] Did you obtain a divorce or separation during the past 12 months, that is since (Feb./Mar.) 1977?
Yes (ASK [2])..................1

No (ASK [2])..................2
[2] Did you (also) obtain a divorce or separation during the period 1973 through (Feb./Mar.) 1977?
Yes............................1
No.............................2
*Example from 1978 GSS.
ASK EVERYONE:
22. A. During the past twelve months, that is since (Feb./Mar.) 1977, were any of these people divorced or legally
separated?
HAND Yes (ASK [1])................................................1

CARD No (GO TO B)................................................2
B
IF YES:
[1] Who was that? (Anyone else?) CODE ALL THAT APPLY:
Husband or wife.........................1
Father..................................2
Mother..................................3
Father-in-law...........................4
Mother-in-law...........................5
Child...................................6
Child's husband or wife.................1
Brother or sister.......................2
Brother or sister-in-law................3
Appendix D
B. At any time during the period 1973 through (Feb./Mar.) 1977 were any of the people listed on this card divorced or
legally separated?
Yes (ASK [1]).................1

No (GO TO SEX)..............2
IF YES:
Husband or wife.........................1
Father..................................2
Mother..................................3
Father-in-law...........................4
Mother-in-law...........................5
Child...................................6
Child's husband or wife.................1
Brother or sister.......................2
Brother or sister-in-law................3
ASK EVERYONE:
28. At any time during the last ten years, have you been unemployed and looking for work for as long as a month?
Yes ..... (GO TO A)............1

No ...... (GO TO MAWRKGRW).....2
Don't know (GO TO MAWRKGRW)....8
IF YES TO MAWORK:
A. During the past twelve months, that is since (Feb./Mar.) 1977, were you employed and looking for work for as long as a
month?
Yes .....(GO TO [1])..........1

No ......(GO TO B)............2
IF YES TO A:
[1] When that happened, were you the main earner in your household, that is, the person making the highest income?
Yes .....(GO TO B).............1

No ......(GO TO B).............2
B. Now I would like you to think about a longer period of time. At any time during the years between 1973 and (Feb./Mar.)
1977, were you unemployed and looking for work for as long as a month?
Yes .....(GO TO [1])...........1

No ......(GO TO MAWRKGRW)......2
IF YES TO B:
[1] When that happened, were you the main earner in your household, that is, the person making the highest income?
Yes............................1
No.............................2
Appendix D
29. A. During the past twelve months, that is since (Feb./Mar.) 1977, were any of these people unemployed and
looking for work for as long as a month?
┌──────┐
│ HAND │ Yes ......(GO TO [1])..........1
│ CARD │ No .......(GO TO INCOM16)......2
│ B │
└──────┘
IF YES:
Husband or wife.....................1
Father..............................2
Mother..............................3
Father-in-law.......................4
Mother-in-law.......................5
Child...............................6
Child's husband or wife.............1
Brother or sister...................2
Brother or sister-in-law............3
┌───────────────────────────────┐
│ FOR EACH PERSON NAMED IN A: │
└───────────────────────────────┘
B. When that happened was (NAME EACH PERSON CODED IN PART A) the main earner in his/her household?
┌───────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ Don't │
│ Yes No Know │
└───────────────────────────────────────────┘
Husband or wife 1 2 8
________________________________________________________________________
Father 1 2 8
________________________________________________________________________
Mother 1 2 8
________________________________________________________________________
Father-in-law 1 2 8
________________________________________________________________________
Mother-in-law 1 2 8
________________________________________________________________________
Child 1 2 8
________________________________________________________________________
Child's husband or wife 1 2 8

________________________________________________________________________
Brother or sister 1 2 8
________________________________________________________________________
Brother or sister-in-law 1 2 8
________________________________________________________________________
30. A. Now I would like you to think about a longer period of time. At any time during the years 1973 through
(Feb./Mar.) 1977, were any of the people listed on this card unemployed and looking for work for as long as a month?
Yes ...(GO TO [1])......1
No ....(GO TO BORN).....2
Appendix D
IF YES:
Husband or wife................1
Father.........................2
Mother.........................3
Father-in-law..................4
Mother-in-law..................5
Child..........................6
Child's husband or wife........1
Brother or sister..............2
Brother or sister-in-law.......3
┌───────────────────────────────┐
│ FOR EACH PERSON NAMED IN A: │
└───────────────────────────────┘
B. When that happened was (NAME EACH PERSON CODED IN PART A) the main earner in his/her household?
┌───────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ Don't │
│ Yes No Know │
└───────────────────────────────────────────┘
Husband or wife 1 2 8
________________________________________________________________________
Father 1 2 8
________________________________________________________________________
Mother 1 2 8
________________________________________________________________________
Father-in-law 1 2 8
________________________________________________________________________
Mother-in-law 1 2 8
________________________________________________________________________
Child 1 2 8
________________________________________________________________________
Child's husband or wife 1 2 8

________________________________________________________________________
Brother or sister 1 2 8
________________________________________________________________________
Brother or sister-in-law 1 2 8
________________________________________________________________________
88. Now I am going to ask about some things that happen in families. First, I am going to ask you about illnesses.
A. During the past twelve months, that is since (Feb./Mar.) 1977, have you, yourself, been a patient in a hospital,
sanitorium, convalescent or nursing home (apart from having a baby)?
Yes.........................1
No..........................2
B. During the past twelve months, were you unable to work at your job or carry on your regular activities for one
month or more because of illness or injury?
Yes.........................1
Appendix D
No..........................2
C. During the past twelve months, that is since (Feb./Mar.) 1977, have any of these people been a patient in a hospital,
sanitorium, convalescent or nursing home (apart from having a baby), or been unable to work or carry out their
regular activities for a month or more because of illness or injury?
┌──────┐
│ HAND │ Yes .....(ASK [1]).................1
│ CARD │ No .....(GO TO GUNFIRM)............2
│ B │
└──────┘
[1] IF YES TO C: Who was that? (Anyone else?) CODE ALL THAT APPLY.
Husband or wife.............1
Father......................2
Mother......................3
Father-in-law...............4
Mother-in-law...............5
Child.......................6
Child's husband or wife.....1
Brother or sister...........2
Brother or sister-in-law....3
89. A. Now I would like to know about a longer period of time. At any time during the years 1973
through (Feb./Mar.) 1977, were you a patient in a hospital, sanitorium, convalescent or nursing home (apart from
having a baby)?
Yes...........................1
No............................2
B. During the same years, 1973 through (Feb./Mar.) 1977, were you unable to work at your regular job or carry on your
regular activities for one month or more because of illness or injury?
Yes...........................1
No............................2
C. At any time during the years 1973 through (Feb./Mar.) 1977, were any these people a patient in a hospital,
sanitorium, convalescent or nursing home (apart from having a baby), or been unable to work or to carry out their
regular activities for month or more because of illness or injury? Please include everybody who was in your family
in those years.
┌──────┐
│ HAND │ Yes........(ASK [1])............1
│ CARD │ No.......(GO TO COURTS).........2
│ B │
└──────┘
[1] IF YES TO C: Who was that? (Anybody else?) CODE ALL THAT APPLY.
Husband or wife...............1
Father........................2
Mother........................3
Father-in-law.................4
Mother-in-law.................5
Child... .....................6
Child's husband or wife.......1
Brother or sister.............2
Brother or sister-in-law......3
90. Since the time that you were 16, did any of the people listed on this card die?
Yes.........(ASK A)..............1
Appendix D
No.......(GO TO COURTSY).........2
A. IF YES: Did any deaths occur during the past year, that is since (Feb./Mar.) 1977?
Yes........(ASK [1])..........1
No.........(GO TO B)..........2
[1] IF YES TO A: Who was that? (Anybody else?) CODE ALL THAT APPLY.
Father........................2
Mother........................3
Father-in-law.................4
Mother-in-law.................5
Child.........................6
ASK EVERYONE:
B. Now, thinking about a little longer period of time, during the years from 1973 through (Feb./Mar.) 1977, did any
deaths occur during those years?
Yes..........(ASK [1]).............1
No...........(GO TO C).............2
[1] IF YES TO B: Who was that? (Anyone else?) CODE ALL THAT APPLY.
Father........................2
Mother........................3
Father-in-law.................4
Mother-in-law.................5
Child.........................6
ASK ONLY IF R IS 21 YEARS OR MORE. IF R IS UNDER 21 YEARS, OR IF IN DOUBT, GO TO COURTSY.
C. And between the time that you were 16 years old and 1973, did any deaths occur?
Yes .....(ASK [1])............1
No .....(GO TO COURTSY).......2
[1] IF YES TO C: Who was that? (Anyone else?) CODE ALL THAT APPLY.
Father........................2
Mother........................3
Father-in-law.................4
Mother-in-law.................5
Child.........................6
Appendix D
NETWORK CLOSENESS RECODE
(CLOSE12, CLOSE13, CLOSE14, CLOSE 23, CLOSE24, CLOSE25, CLOSE34, CLOSE35, CLOSE45)
315. IF LESS THAN 5 NAMES MENTIONED CROSS OUT UNUSED BOXES.
Please think about the relations between the people you just mentioned. Some of them may be total strangers in the sense
that they wouldn't recognize each other if they bumped into each other on the street. Others may be especially close, as close
or closer to each other as they are to you.
First, think about NAME 1 and NAME 2. ASK CLOSE12, CLOSE13, CLOSE14, CLOSE15, CLOSE 23, CLOSE24,
CLOSE25, CLOSE34, CLOSE35, CLOSE45 FOR FIRST PAIR.
A. Are _____________ and __________ total strangers?
IF YES............ASK NAME1, NAME2, NAME3, NAME4, NAME5 FOR NEXT PAIR

DOWN
IF NO.............ASK CLOSE12, CLOSE13, CLOSE14, CLOSE15, CLOSE 23, CLOSE24,
CLOSE25, CLOSE34, CLOSE35, CLOSE45
B. Are they especially close? PROBE: As close or closer to each other as they are to you.
IF YES............ASK NAME1, NAME2, NAME3, NAME4, NAME5 FOR NEXT PAIR

DOWN
IF NO.............ASK NAME1, NAME2, NAME3, NAME4, NAME5 FOR NEXT PAIR
DOWN
___________________________________________________________________________________________
│ PERSON │ NAME 1 │ NAME 2 │ NAME 3 │ NAME 4 │ NAME 5 │
│────────────┼─────────────┼────────────┼────────────┼────────────┼─────────┤
│ NAME 2 │ A. Yes...1 │ │ │ │ │
│ │ No....2 │ │ │ │ │
│ │ │ │ │ │ │
│ │ B. Yes...1 │ │ │ │ │
│ │ No....2 │ │ │ │ │
├────────────┼─────────────┼────────────┼────────────┼────────────┼─────────┤
│ NAME 3 │ A. Yes...1 │A. Yes...1 │ │ │ │
│ │ No....2 │ No....2 │ │ │ │
│ │ │ │ │ │ │
│ │ B. Yes...1 │B. Yes...1 │ │ │ │
│ │ No....2 │ No....2 │ │ │ │
├────────────┼─────────────┼────────────┼────────────┼────────────┼─────────┤
│ NAME 4 │ A. Yes...1 │A. Yes...1 │A. Yes...1 │ │ │
│ │ No....2 │ No....2 │ No....2 │ │ │
│ │ │ │ │ │ │
│ │ B. Yes...1 │B. Yes...1 │B. Yes...1 │ │ │
│ │ No....2 │ No....2 │ No....2 │ │ │
├────────────┼─────────────┼────────────┼────────────┼────────────┼─────────┤
│ NAME 5 │ A. Yes...1 │A. Yes...1 │A. Yes...1 │A. Yes...1 │ │
│ │ No....2 │ No....2 │ No....2 │ No....2 │ │
│ │ │ │ │ │ │
│ │ B. Yes...1 │B. Yes...1 │B. Yes...1 │B. Yes...1 │ │
│ │ No....2 │ No....2 │ No....2 │ No....2 │ │
└────────────┴─────────────┴────────────┴────────────┴────────────┴─────────┘
Intent of Recode
To simplify analysis, mutually exclusive dichotomies were collapsed into a single three-point scale.
Method of Recode
A response of "yes" to part A became code 3, "total strangers." A response of "no" to part A and "no" to B became code 2, "neither
close nor strangers." A response of "yes" to part B became code 1, "especially close."
Appendix D
ORGANIZATIONAL MEMBERSHIP RECODE
(MEMFRAT, MEMSERV, MEMVET, MEMPOLIT, MEMUNION, MEMSPORT, MEMYOUTH, MEMSCHL, MEMHOBBY,

MEMGREEK, MEMNAT, MEMFARM, MEMLIT, MEMPROF, MEMCHURH, MEMOTHER, MEMNUM)
Intent of Recode
For user convenience, the total number of organizations has been computed.
Method of Recode
If a respondent answered a "No" to all of the organizational items, MEMNUM was code "00." If a respondent answered "Yes" to any
organizations, the total number of "Yes" responses was counted and put in MEMNUM.
Original Question
Question presented in the codebook is as it appeared in the questionnaire.
SIMILARITIES RECODE
(ALIKE1-8)
Intent of Recode
The recode provides an approximate scale to measure and compare respondents' general reasoning abilities in categorizing and/or
comparing two objects.
Method of Recode
Each item is scored 2, 1, or 0, depending on the degree of understanding expressed and the quality of the response. The general
criteria for scores of 2, 1, and 0 for any item are as follows:
2 POINTS - any general classification which is primarily pertinent for both members of the pair ("An eye and an ear are
sense organs," "A poem and a statue are works of art").
1 POINT - any specific property or function which is common to both and constitutes a relevant similarity ("An egg and a
seed both have shells," "A poem and a statue stir feelings"). Also give 1 point to less pertinent, but correct, general
classifications ("An eye and an ear are parts of the body," "Air and water contain oxygen").
0 POINTS - specific properties of each member of the pair, generalizations which are incorrect or not pertinent, differences
between the members of the pair, or clearly wrong responses.
The degree of abstraction of the subject's response is an important determinant of the score. That is why pertinent general
categorizations are given 2 points, while the naming of one or more common properties or functions of the members of a pair (a more
concrete problem-solving approach) merits only 1 point. Thus, stating that a dog and a lion (Item 2) are "Animals" (their general
category) earns a higher score than saying "They both have tails" (a property common to each). On the other hand, stating that an
orange and a banana (Item 1) are "Fruit" earns more credit than stating that both are "Foods"; while the category of "fruit" is less
general than that of "food," it is the more pertinent category. Calling work and play (Item 12) "Basic activities" is less concrete (and
hence worth a higher score) than "Things people do."
Of course, even a relatively concrete approach to solving the items ("A dog and a lion both have tails") requires the subject to abstract
something similar about the members of the pair. Some subjects are unable to do this and may respond to each member separately
rather than to the pair as a whole ("you see with your eyes and hear with your ears"). Although such a response is a true statement, it
is scored 0 since it tells how the members of the pair are dissimilar rather than how they are similar.
If a subject gives multiple acceptable responses to an item, score the best response. If a subject gives multiple responses to an item
and one or more of the responses are incorrect (i.e., would be scored 0 if given alone), ask,
Which one is it?
and score according to the subject's decision.
Examples of responses earning 2, 1, and 0 points follow for some items.

Appendix D
Items and Sample Responses
1. Orange-banana
2 POINTS - Fruit.
1 POINT - Food...To eat...Have peels...Same color...Grow...Contain vitamins.
0 POINTS - Round...Same shape...Contain calories.
2. Dog-lion
2 POINTS - Animals...Mammals.
1 POINT - Have legs (fur,tails)...They bite.
0 POINTS - Look alike...A lion growls, a dog barks...Dangerous...Belong to same species (Q). 1
12. Work-play
2 POINTS - Basic human activities...Things that all people do...Activities valued by society...Give value to living...Both
require effort for success.
1 POINT - Things you do (Q)...Human activities (Q)...Keep you busy...Ways to spend your time...Use up energy...Things
done during the course of the day...Can get enjoyment from both.
0 POINTS - Must do both of them...Necessities of life...Keep you out of trouble...You do them with other people...Keep you
from being depressed (Q).
PRELIMINARY MENTAL HEALTH RECODES
(PROBFIX1-3, PROBHLP1-3, MNTLAS1-2, MNTLIMP1-3, MNTLSYM1-3, MNTLOTH, BRKDAS1-2, BRKDIMP1-3,

BRKDSYM1-3, BRKDOTH, BRKDWHY1-3, BRKDDO1-3, BRKDHLP1-3, BRKDTIME, BRKDDUR, MNILWHY1-3,
MNILDO1-3, MNILHLP1-3, MNILTIME, MNILDUR)
PROBFIX1-3, BRKDDO1-3, and MNILDO1-3
I. Denial
11. I would try to forget about it, not think about it
II. Displacement
21. Hostility. (Not directed at source of problem) I would get mad, irritable, take it out on someone else (R’s response is
not coded here if R’s problem would involve another person, and R would get angry at that person. In such a case,
(63) is coded.)
22. Would engage in activity. I would go for a walk; I would read a book; I would get busy with something else; I
would try to get engrossed in something else to take my mind off it (here is coded any activity which R would
engage in which does no directly deal with the problem, but may relieve some of the anxiety about it─unless
medications, pills, etc., which are coded (61).)
23. Would seek release from awareness. Would get drunk, take a drink, take dope.
24. Would seek release from awareness. Would go to sleep (response is not coded here if R says, “I would go to sleep in
order to get refreshed and be able to handle the problem better afterwards.”)
25. Fantasy Action. R would think about magical type solutions to problems or would imagine problems don’t exist. I
would imagine myself as the president of the company and then nobody could criticize me
III. Passive Reaction

31. Nothing. I would do nothing, wouldn’t do anything; there wouldn’t be much to do about it; there would be nothing
to do; I would just let things take their course; I would just hope for the best; would just give up
IV. Passive Reaction - Problem still salient
1
When the notation "(Q)" appears in the scoring rules, this indicates that the response preceding the (Q) should be queried.
Appendix D
41. Worry. I would worry about it, I would fret over it; would just keep on worrying, thinking about it; I would keep on
worrying till things work out
V. Passive Reaction - Religious
51. I would pray. Would turn to prayer; would trust in the lord (going to minister is not coded here; in such case, (82) is
coded. If NA whether (51) or (82) should be coded, as turn to the church, go to the church, read the Bible, the
scriptures or inspirational literature, (51) is coded.)
VI. Reactions which are not clearly coping or denial

61. Would take medications. Tranquilizers; Aspirins, etc. - any medication treating physical symptoms and tensions (if
prescribed by a doctor, response is coded here and also under (82).)
62. Would pull myself together; exercise self-control (NA whether this is attempt to deny and forget the problem -
coded under (11) - or prelude to attempts to solve the problem - coded in the (70s))
63. Expressions of hostility directed at person seen as source of problem (if would not be directed at source of problem,
(21) is coded.)
64. Palliatives measures which would ‘cope” with a problem defined in physical or general terms, but would “deny”
and/or “displace” specific “personal problems” - attempts to reduce immediate pressures and tensions. Take a
vacation; would take it easier, try to relax a little more (except those responses coded in (61))
65. Meditation
66. Faith or confidence in self; strength; fortitude
67. Social comparison; R better off than other; seeing others that are worse off than me.
68. Emphasis on positive aspects of life; optimism; sense of humor; positive view of life.
69. Other reactions which are not clearly coping or denial
VII. Coping Reaction - Independent

71. Self-assessment, thought would be mode of problem-solving attempts. I would try to figure out what is wrong; see
what the problem is, who is at fault (if whether (71) or (72), (72) is coded
72. Immediate action would be mode of problem-solving. Would solve it; just keep on trying; would do something
about it (if NA whether (71) or (72), (72) is coded.)
73. Would cope with interpersonal problem by talking it over with person involved. (if person not involved or if NA
whether person involved or not, (81) is coded.). Would talk it over with spouse if marriage problem (Note. Specific
person is not coded in SOURCES OF HELP)
74. Permanent situational limitation of sphere of activity would be mode of problem-solving; I’d get another job; I’d
move to another city (temporary situational changes such as “I’d take a vacation” should be coded under (64).)
75. Permanent interpersonal limitation of sphere of activity would be mode of problem-solving. would eliminate and/or
change relationships seen as causing problem (change friends; get a divorce)
VIII. Coping Reaction - Outside help sought

81. Talking it over with INFORMAL SOURCE(S) -- family, friends, neighbors, etc. (unless coping with interpersonal
problems by talking it over with person involved, in which case, code 73. talk it over with someone, talk with
about it; also code here general mentions of person(s). e.g., spending time with, being with family, friends, “my
parents,” “my wife,” etc.; if NA whether 81 or 82, code 81. (specific people or institutions are coded ahead in
SOURCES).
82. Talk it over with FORMAL SOURCE(S) -- doctor, lawyer, clergyman, psychiatrist, psychologist, counselor, etc.;
include “got professional help,” etc.; if source of help is both a formal AND informal source code 82; if NA whether
81 or 82, code 81.
83. Admit self/be admitted to/was admitted to mental hospital, psychiatric ward, etc.
IX. Missing Data

98. DK; it would never happen to me; wouldn’t know what to do
99. NA
BK INAP., No further mention
PROBHLP1-3, BRKDHLP1-3, and MNILHLP1-3
I. Family is source of help

100. Spouse only family member mentioned
101. Child(ren) only family member(s) mentioned
102. Father only family member mentioned; father-in-law
Appendix D
103. Mother only family member mentioned; mother-in-law

104. Brother only family member mentioned
105. Sister only family member mentioned
106. “Family” (particular family member no specified)
107. Parents; father and mother
108. Any other combination of family members (e.g., wife and children; wife and parents; father and aunt); my relatives
190. Any other specific family member mentioned, if only one family member is mentioned; e.g., aunt, uncle; a relative
II. Non-professional, non-family persons

200. Friend(s), neighbor(s), acquaintance(s) is mentioned
201. Particular friend, neighbor, acquaintance is mentioned (unless work associate or boss, in which case (202) or (203)
is coded). I would speak to my friend Mary; there’s another person I respect very much - I’d talk to him (if NA
whether R has a particular person(s) in mind, (200) is coded.)
202. Fellow worker, work associate(s) is mentioned
203. Supervisor, boss is mentioned
290. Other non-professional, non-family person(s)
III. Self-help groups

300. Alcoholics Anonymous
301. Lonely hearts club
302. Fraternal organizations
303. Parent-teacher organizations
304. Recovery Inc.
390. Other self-help groups
IV. Professional, non-mental health specialists

400. Clergymen
401. Family Physician
402. Physician-specialist (non-mental health)
403. Doctor -- Non-psychiatrist; family doctor not specified; type of doctor not specified
404. Other medical type specialists. Chiropractor; osteopath
405. Public health nurse
406. Teacher or principal
407. Visiting teacher, other teaching specialists
408. Lawyer
409. Policeman, court, judge
480. Other professional non-mental health specialists
490. Professional help, NA which kind
499. Professional help, NA what kind
V. Professional, mental health specialists

(Note. If R gives a specific person in a professional agency, both codes in the 500's and 600's series are coded.)
500. Psychiatrist; psychoanalyst
501. Neurologist, “Nerve Doctor”
502. Psychologist
503. Social worker
504. Vocational counselor
505. Marriage counselor
506. Counselor; NA specific kind
507. Rehabilitation specialist. Occupational therapist; speech therapist
508. Any “illegitimate” mental health specialist - astrologer, palmist, fortune teller, medium
509. Other professional mental health specialists
590. Other professional mental health specialist
VI. Professional Agencies

(Note. If R give a specific person in a professional agency, both codes in the 500's and 600's series are coded.)
600. Social welfare agency; specifically related to welfare, giving economic aid; departments of welfare of city, state
601. Social Service agencies; e.g., family service agency, Catholic charities
602. Child guidance clinic
603. Vocational guidance center, employment bureau
Appendix D
604. Hospital. NA what clinic or ward

605. Hospital. Mental institution
606. Hospital. Mental hygiene clinic; outpatient mental health unit
607. Mental hygiene clinic, not related or NA if related to hospital
608. Rehabilitation center; speech clinic
610. Substance abuse agency
690. Other professional agency
VIII. Other
700. Church or church group
800. Other
IX. Missing data

910. R doesn't mention taking problem to anyone; no more mentions
980. DK whom I’d talk to, but would talk to someone
998. DK whom I’d talk to, but would talk to someone
999 REFUSED
BK INAP., R doesn’t mention taking problem to anyone; no further mentions
BRKDWHY1-3 and MNILWHY1-3
I External Situation
10. Financial condition. loss of money, not having enough money, too man debts
11. Housing condition. cramped, poor quarters
12. R’s physical health. physical illness, physical disability, chronic conditions (R’s Mental illness is coded in the 30s
series)
13. Other persons physical health. someone close to R has chronic illness, other illness, physical disabilities causing
nervous breakdown (14) is coded if another person’s mental health problem. death is coded (15).
14. Other person mental health problem. someone close to R has mental disturbance (A psychotic episode) [code
relationship]
15. Death of someone close to R
16. Physical separation (not death or illness) from someone close to R. when my husband was away in service; when my
children were living in foster home
17. R’s relocation to a strange place. when we were living in XXXXX for a while
18. work-related tension. overwork overtired from strain of business, business worries, working too hard (if R
specifically sees himself as to blame for work failure, (37) is coded)
19. Other external situations precipitating nervous breakdown
II Interpersonal situation -- Relationship or other person blamed

(Note. if an interpersonal problem precipitating nervous breakdown was perceived by R to reflect his own inadequacy, codes
in the 30s series are used. If not ascertainable whether codes in the 20s or the 30s series should be used, the 20s series is
coded.)
21. Getting along in marriage. quarrel with spouse, etc.
22. Getting along with children. my children talk back to me, get me nervous
23. Getting along with family (NA children or spouse). home problems.
24. Getting along with relatives other than above. arguments with in-laws, parent, siblings, etc.
25. Getting along with opposite sex (not family members). problem with fiancé(e), dating
26. Getting along with friends same sex as R or NA sex. disagreement with a friend
29. Other interpersonal situations precipitating nervous breakdown
III Self Inadequacies (Fault is seen in R)

31. R’s sexual problem - (all references to sexual problems, unless specified as a problem of the other person or in the
relationship re coded here)
32. R’s problems related to menopause
33. R’s interpersonal inadequacy -- related to marriage. I wasn’t a good wife
34. R’s interpersonal inadequacy -- related to children. couldn’t handle the children any more (If depression after
childbirth, it is coded 36)
35. R’s interpersonal inadequacy -- related to getting along with people other than spouse or children. I’m very nervous
whenever I’m with people
36. Depression after birth of children
Appendix D
37. Work-related failures. I felt I had failed at my job (if R does not see fault for business, job failures a personal, it is
coded 18).
38. Inadequacies related to alcohol or drug abuse
39. Other personal inadequacies
IV General, Nervous breakdown ─ precipitating cause NA

(All General descriptions of R’s state.)
41. R feels upset often, worried often, overwhelmed by things, couldn’t face problems, just giving up
VIII Other
80. Other precipitating condition for nervous breakdown
NOTE. THE FOLLOWING CODES USED BY AVTMH CODERS FOR A DEPRESSION QUESTION WERE ALSO USED
HERE TO CODE THE CAUSES BECAUSE THEY WERE MORE TO THE POINT FOR SOME RESPONDENTS. When
codes below were the same as codes above, we used the codes above. Codes below could be recoded to codes above.
I. ECONOMIC AND MATERIAL MATTERS.
FINANCIAL OR MATERIAL SITUATION (NON-RESIDENTIAL)

101. Poor or declining financial status. not having enough money; too many debts; paying bills (if problem stated in
terms of business, code 206)
102. Trouble with loan, mortgage. receiving notification of foreclosure, letter of indebtedness, property repossessed or
wages garnished
103. Loss of assets. loss of money, property (non-residential), stock, etc.
104. Theft or destruction of property (non-residential). robbery, vandalism, crimes against R’s property
109. Other specific non-residential financial or material matters that happened to R (or R’s spouse)
111. Bad financial or material situation of R’s child(ren), stepchild(ren), child(ren) in-law
112. Bad financial or material situation of R’s parent(s), stepparent(s), parent(s) in-law
113. Bad financial or material situation of R’s sibling(s), step sibling(s), sibling(s) in-law
119. Bad financial or material situation of someone other than R (or spouse) and persons codable in 111-113.
HOUSING ─ PLACE OF RESIDENCE

121. Moved to or lives in poor (worse) house or apartment
122. Moved to or lives in poor (worse) neighborhood
123. Dislocation or relocation. moved to new (strange) neighborhood, town, or country; changes in residence other than
121 or 122
124. Damage to residence (house or apartment); fire, vandalism, weather, etc
129. Other specific residence related matters that happened to R (or R’s spouse)
131. Bad thing concerning residence that happened to R’s child(ren), child(ren) in-law
132. Bad things concerning residence that happened to R’s parent(s), stepparent(s), parent(s) in-law
133. Bad things concerning residence that happened to R’s sibling(s), step sibling(s), sibling(s) in-law
139. Bad things concerning residence that happened to someone other than R (or spouse) and persons codable in 131-133.
WORK-RELATED MATTERS
200. Problems finding a job. couldn’t (can’t) find work
201. Quit job
202. Laid off
203. Fired
204. Unemployed or lost job (no specific reference to quitting, being laid off or fired)
205. Retired from job or major life occupation
206. Business problems. poor or declining business
207. Business failure
210. General statements about negative events at work. “don’t like my job”, etc
211. Failed to receive promotion, better job, desired job
212. Job demotion. demoted or changed to poorer job or employer, less responsible job
213. Trouble with boss or supervisor
214. Trouble with co-workers. (code here any interpersonal difficulties at work with no specific mention of boss or
supervisor)
215. Work-related failure. failed at job
Appendix D
216. Work-related tension. overwork, time pressures, working too hard, etc
217. Poor or deteriorating (Physical) work conditions. health, safety, danger, distance, hours
219. Other specific work-related matters that happened to R (or spouse)
221. Bad things related to work that happened to R’S child(ren), stepchild)ren), child(ren)-in-law
222. Bad things related to work that happened to R’s parent(s), stepparent(s), parent(s)-in-law
223. Bad things related to work that happened to R’s sibling(s), step sibling(s), sibling(s)-in-law
229. Bad things related to work that happened to someone other than R (or Spouse) and persons codable in 221-223
III SCHOOL-RELATED MATTERS

300. General Statements about negative events related to school
301. Admission problems or failure. not accepted at desired school, training program
302. Failure in school, training program; flunked a test, course,; other failures in school
303. Changed schools
304. School-related pressures; meeting deadlines, pressures of studying, papers, exams; working too hard
309. Other specific school-related matters -- R ONLY
310. Bad things related to school that happened to R’s spouse
311. Bad things related to school that happened to R’s child(ren), stepchild(ren), child(ren)-in-law
319. Bad things related to school that happened to someone other than R and persons codable in 310-311
IV LEGAL DIFFICULTIES
400. Legal Problem(s) -- General, NA what kind
401. Involved in court action, lawsuit, legal action
402. Arrested or convicted of crime, violation of law
403. Detained in jail or correctional institution
404. Legal aspects of divorce, custody of children cited
405. Loss of driver’s license
409. Other specific legal problems that happened to R ONLY
410. Legal difficulties involving R’s SPOUSE
411. Legal difficulties involving R’s child(ren), step-child(ren), child(ren)-in-law
419. Legal difficulties involving someone other than R and persons codable in 410-411
V INTERPERSONAL SITUATION
500. Loneliness, Isolation -- general. interpersonal troubles or difficulties
501. Troubles with Family (NA whether spouse or children). getting along with family; family problems, home problems;
family quarrels or arguments
502. Troubles with Spouse. getting along in marriage; troubles, quarrels with spouse, fighting, arguing or other
interpersonal problems with husband or wife.
503. Troubles with child(ren); getting along with children; rasing children; children talk back, won’t mind me, get me
nervous.
504. Troubles with parent(s) or in-law(s). getting along with mother/father or mother/father -in-law
505. Troubles with relative(s) or family member(s) other than above. e.g. argument with sibling(s), grandparent(s), etc.
506. Troubles with friend(s) of opposite sex (not family members). getting along with girlfriend(s)/boyfriend(s),
fiancé(e); problems with dating, etc.
507. Troubles with friend(s) of same sex as R or NA sex. getting along with friend(s); disagreements, arguments or fights
with friend(s) (if people at work, code 214)
508. (Unwanted) pregnancy of R, wife or girlfriend
509. Other specific interpersonal troubles or difficulties of R
511. Interpersonal difficulties of R’s child(ren), step-child(ren), child(ren)-in-law, in-law problems of R’s children
512. Interpersonal difficulties of R’s Parents (s), step-parent(s), parent(s)-in-law, e.g., R’s parents don’t get along
513. Interpersonal difficulties of R’s sibling(s), sibling(s)-in-law, e.g., marriage problems of R’s brother
519. Interpersonal difficulties of someone other than R (or spouse) and persons codable in 511-513
DISRUPTION OR TERMINATION OF RELATIONSHIP

(NOTE. Disruptions or terminations due to death or illness are coded under VI and VII)
520. Physical separation from spouse. when my husband and I were apart; when I (he) was away in the service; away
from wife; if separation due to marital discord, code 523; if NA whether 520 or 523, code 523)
Appendix D
521. Physical separation from child(ren). child(ren) were living in foster home, R divorced, separated from wife and
children; when children grew up, married, left home (if separation due to discord or troubles with child(ren), code
525; if NA whether 521 or 525, code 521)
522. Physical separation from someone close to R, other than spouse or children; when my mother and I were separated,
when my fiancé(e) and I were apart, etc.
523. Marital separation. separation from spouse due to marital discord; legal separation for any reason; husband left me;
got a separation
524. Divorce. when I was divorced (if NA whether 523 or 524, code 523)
525. Separation from child(ren) due to troubles or discord; child(ren) ran away, left home after disagreement, argument,
etc.
526. Breakup with friend(s) of opposite sex. broken engagement, breakup of someone dated (steadily); girlfriend left me
527. Breakup with friend(s) of same sex as R or NA sex
529. Disruption or termination of relationship not included above
531. Disruption or termination of love relationship of R’s child(ren), step-child(ren), child(ren)-in-law
532. Disruption or termination of love relationship of R’s Parents (s), step-parent(s), parent(s)-in-law
533. Disruption or termination of love relationship of R’s sibling(s), step-sibling(s), sibling(s)-in-law
539. Disruption or termination of love relationship of someone other than R (or spouse) and persons codable in 531-533
GAIN OF HOUSEHOLD OR FAMILY MEMBER(S)

540. Birth of (unwanted) child(ren); took on responsibility for raising (additional) child
541. Parent(s) or parent(s)-in-law moved in with R
542. Other relative(s) or family member(s) moved in with R
549. Other gain of household or family member
559. Gain of household member by someone other than R (or spouse)
599. Other interpersonal matters
VI DEATH OF SOME ONE CLOSE

600. Death of someone close -- NA who. e.g. a death (see also 15)
610. Death of family member -- NA which one
611. Widowed. death of spouse
612. Death of child(ren), stepchild(ren)
613. Death of unborn child. stillbirth, miscarriage (abortion is coded in Section VII, with category depending on specific
circumstances)
614. Death of Parent(s), stepparent(s), parent(s)-in-law
615. Death of Grandparent(s)
616. Death of Sibling(s) step-sibling(s)
619. Death of Other specific relative(s) or family member(s), including combinations of 611-616
620. Death of close friend or neighbor
630. Death of pet
649. Other death of someone close to R (or R’s spouse)
659. Death of someone close affecting person other than R (or spouse)
VII PHYSICAL HEALTH OR INJURY

700. Poor Health or sickness of R -- not further specified or NA whether 701, 702, or 703
701. Serious Physical illness of R. major operation, tuberculosis, cancer, heart disease (attack), kidney disease, etc.; any
hospitalization for physical illness
702. Chronic condition or disability of R (if clearly from accident or injury, code 703). high blood pressure, arthritis,
asthma, diabetes, etc.
703. frequent Minor illness of R. influenza, physical aches, headaches, bad back, hemorrhoids, minor operation, etc.
704. Serious accident or injury to R. auto accident, fall, burn, back injury, broken neck, etc.
705. Accident or injury to R -- not further specified or NA whether 704
709. Other health-related problems of R
710. Physical illness of R’s spouse
711. Accident or injury of R’s spouse
719. Other health-related problems of R’s spouse
720. Physical illness of R’s child(ren), stepchild(ren)
721. Accident or injury of R’s child(ren), stepchild(ren)
729. Other health-related problems of R’s child(ren), stepchild(ren)
730. Physical illness of R’s Parent(s), stepparent(s), parent(s)-in-law
731. Accident or injury of R’s Parent(s), stepparent(s), parent(s)-in-law
Appendix D
739. Other health-related problems of R’s Parent(s), stepparent(s), parent(s)-in-law

749. Health-related problems of someone other than R or persons codable in
VIII MENTAL HEALTH OR ADJUSTMENT

800. Personal or adjustment problems -- general. not further specified
801. Tired all the time. can’t seem to do things; hard for me to keep up with things
802. Neurotic problem; fears, phobias; nervousness, worried anxiety
803. Mood Disturbances. unhappiness, depression, hopelessness, boredom, ennui
804. Self-doubt, confusion regarding self-identity, insecurity
805. Indecision, aimlessness, loss of direction
806. Substance abuse problems. alcohol, drugs, etc
807. Onset or recurrence of mental illness. was in an institution; mental disturbance, psychotic episode, nervous
breakdown
809. Other specific psychological disturbances
810. Mental illness or adjustment problems of R’s spouse
811. Mental illness or adjustment problems of R’s child(ren), stepchild(ren), child(ren)-in-law
812. Mental illness or adjustment problems of R’s Parent(s), stepparent(s), parent(s)-in-law
813. Mental illness or adjustment problems of R’s Sibling(s) step-sibling(s), sibling(s)-in-law
819. Psychological disturbances or adjustment problems of someone other than R and persons codable in 810-813
997. Other
998. DK, Can’t remember
999. NA
BK INAP. No anticipated nervous breakdown, no second mention.
BRKDTIME and MNILTIME
1. R indicates that conditions causing nervous breakdown are presently salient for him
2. R indicates that conditions causing nervous breakdown were only in the past and do not presently affect R (not clear
how far in past)
3. R indicates that conditions causing nervous breakdown were more than 5 years in the past and do not presently
affect R
4. R indicates that conditions causing nervous breakdown were less than in the past and do not presently affect R
(codes 3 and 4 were NOT used in 1957 & 1976 and could be collapsed into code 2)
9. NA whether conditions causing nervous breakdown are of past or present concern.
BK R says no breakdown
BRKDDUR and MNILDUR
Long-term
1. Long-term reaction (severe) -- extensive period mentioned in which R elaborates on a severe nervous feeling state.
for months, I cried almost all the time
2. Long-term reaction (no very severe) -- extensive period mentioned in which R elaborates a minor nervous feeling
state. In have felt blue every so often during the past ten years.
3. Long-term reaction (severity NA) -- extensive period mentioned in which R does not give enough elaborations to
allow coder to code 1 or 2.. I’ve been overworking for years.
Short-term
4. Short-term reaction (severe) -- a short period mentioned in which R elaborates on a severe nervous feeling state. I
was in a state of shock the week after my parents died.
5. Short-term reaction (not very severe) -- A short period mentioned in which R elaborates a minor nervous feeling
state. When we had tornado warnings, I was a little concerned
6. Short-term reaction (severity NA). -- a short period mentioned in which R does not give enough elaboration to
allow coder to code 4 or 5. when my mother died, I was upset.
NA Duration
7. Severe reaction, NA how long.
8. Not very severe reaction, NA how long.
9. NA severity and Length
BK R said no breakdown.
Appendix D
MNTLAS1-2 and BRKDAS1-2
1. Psychoses, generally (not distinguished as 2 or 3)

2. Violent psychoses
3. Nonviolent psychoses
4. Neurasthenic neuroses
5. Neuroses (other than 4), emotional disturbances
6. Nervous breakdowns
7. Nerves, nervousness (when not clearly 5 or 6)
8. Mental deficiency
9. Psychopathic personalities
10. Some code of 1-13 is used but part of answer is unclassifiable
11. Other non-psychotic disorders
12. Non-psychotic mental illness, generally
13. Mental illness, generally (not distinguished as psychotic or non-psychotic)
14. Says doesn’t know at some point, but answers any way
15. Respondents only answer to entire question is don’t know, or the question is entirely unanswered
in all dimensions
16. Includes a variety of diagnostic categories
17-22 for BRKDAS1-2 ONLY

17. It is (may be) a forerunner, beginning of mental illness, other than 2
18. It is (may be) a forerunner, beginning of psychosis, insanity
19. It is simply a euphemism for mental illness
20. It refers to temporary mental illness
21. It refers to the acute stage of mental illness
22. It is a vague, ill-defined, unscientific category (including don’t know because of impression of
term)
99. No answer or no mention of included diagnoses
MNTLIMP1-3 and BRKDIMP1-3
101. Psychoses not distinguished as 2 or 3.

102. Violent psychoses.
103. Non-violent psychoses.
104. Neurasthenic neuroses (i.e., the most popular conception of nervous breakdown).
105. Neuroses other than 4.
106. Acute (momentary nerve storms, tensions, or persistent nervousness
107. Psychotropic personalities; social deviants; exaggerated eccentrics.
108. Simple mental deficiency.
109. Non-psychotic, but otherwise unclassifiable.
110. Can’t tell whether psychotic or non-psychotic.
111. Other non-psychotic disorders
112. Some code of 100-110 is used, but part of answer is unclassifiable.
999. Not enough data to make this judgment
MNTLSYM1-3 and BRKDSYM1-3
201. Extreme, excessive.

202. Unstable, changeable, capricious.
203. Unpredictable, impulsive, erratic.
204. Unreliable, undependable.
205. Uncontrolled, lacking self-control.
206. “Childish., “immature” (i.e., probably means 48/7 or 48/8, but doesn’t say so).
207. Irrational, inexplicable, illogical, unreasonable.
208. “Incompetent”, lacking responsibility for actions (“legal approach”).
210. SOCIALLY deviant behavior, general (DOUBLE CODE WHEN SO STATED).
211. PERSONALLY deviant behavior, general (DOUBLE CODE WHEN SO STATED).
212. Disordered, abnormal, unspecified.
Appendix D
299. No use of general characteristics.
VIOLENCE
301. (Violent) sex crimes (SEE ALSO CODE 51/9).
302. Homicidal tendencies, impulses.
303. Violence against other people, other than 1, 2.
304. Suicidal tendencies, impulses.
305. Destructiveness, violence against property.
306. Violence, general and unspecified.
EXTREME EMOTIONAL EXPRESSIONS

307. Noisy, loud, boisterous.
308. Temper tantrums, raging, screaming.
309. (Senseless, excessive) laughter.
310. (Senseless, excessive) weeping.
311. Hysterics, general and not classifiable as 8, 9, or 0.
399. No mention of symptoms of these types.
APPEARANCE, SPEECH, MANNERISMS

401. Peculiar facial expression.
402. Peculiarities in posture, walk.
403. Neglect of personal appearance.
404. Other signs in external appearance.
SPEECH MANNERISMS
405. Talking to self.
406. Mutism, refusal to talk.
407. Too little talking, taciturnity.
408. Excessive talking, verbosity.
409. Retarded speech.
410. Rapid speech.
411. Inappropriate, incoherent talk, wild talk
412. Other speech disturbances.
OTHER BEHAVIORS AND PHYSICALS MANNERISM MANIFESTATIONS

501. Tense, jumpy, restless, unable to relax.
502. Tremors, trembling, shaking, twitching.
503. Stuporous; trance-like states.
504. Fainting.
505. Wandering, running away.
506. Infantile behavior, regression (ONLY WHEN CLEAR-CUT; SEE ALSO CODE 8/6).
507. Specific examples of bizarre (completely uninterpretable)behavior.
508. Criminality, delinquency.
509. Sexual deviations.
510. Drug Addiction. 1996 note. drug abuse
511. (Excessive) drinking; alcoholism.
512. Specific examples of culturally-exceptional behavior, other than 8-X.
IMPAIRMENTS OF HEALTH, PHYSICAL WELL-BEING

601. Loss of appetite, weight.
602. Insomnia.
603. Headaches.
604. Dizziness, nausea.
605. Digestive disturbances, other than 4.
606. Circulatory (cardio-vascular) disturbances and manifestations.
607. Respiratory disturbances.
608. Other specific psychosomatic reactions.
Appendix D
GENERAL
609. (Physical) (chronic) fatigue, exhaustion.
610. (Physical malaise; physical weakness, collapse (SEE ALSO CODES 54/X, 54/Y).
611. (Physical) malfunctioning of nervous system, vague (DOUBLE-CODE WHEN SO STATED).
612. (Psychosomatic) manifestations in physical illness, general and unspecified.
699. No mention of symptoms of this type.
DISTORTIONS OF REALITY
701. Hallucinations.
702. Delusions, other than persecution.
703. Delusions of persecution (ONLY WHEN CLEAR-CUT. OTHERWISE CODE 53/4).
704. Distrust, suspicion; paranoid, persecutory trends; ideas of reference (SEE ALSO CODES 52/0, 54/3, 54/4, 54/6).
705. Hypochondriacal tendencies, preoccupation with own health.
706. Disordered imagination, vague and unspecified.
707. Clouding of reality.
708. (Excessive) fantasizing; withdrawal from, break with reality (WHEN EXTREME, SEE CODES 53/9, 55/8, 56/3).
709. Inability to accept, face, adjust to reality, life (“Escapism”, Maladjustment”)
710. Lack of perspective; impaired judgement (SEE ALSO CODE 55/4).
711. (Conscious) falsification, lying, misrepresentation (SEE ALSO CODE 55/0).
712. Reality distortions, general and unspecified.
799. No mention of symptoms of this type
DISORDERED SELF-CONCEPT
801. Egocentric, selfish, (excessively) demanding.
802. Self-important, boastful, self-assertive.
803. Self-righteous; self-justifying, obstinate, stubborn, (“projecting blame”).
804. Critical, dissatisfied, complaining.
805. Self-accusatory, self-blaming, self-punishing, “masochistic”.
806. Self-pitying, martyred; feelings of rejection.
807. Insecure, lack of self-confidence.
808. Submissive, dependent, indecisive.
809. Self-centered talk.
810. Lack of self-insight.
811. Functional impairment (SEE ALSO 52/0, 54/Y)
812. (Complete) inability to function, when not clearly 52/0.
899. No manifestations of this type mentioned.
MOOD DISTURBANCES
901. Outgoing, extroverted, elated.
902. Worried, fearful, anxious. (SEE ALSO CODES 53/4, 53/5 54/7)
903. Nightmares, disturbing dreams.
904. Irritable, excitable, sensitive, easily upset (SEE ALSO 55/5).
905. Hostile, aggressive, difficult to get along with. (SEE ALSO 49/8, 55/4).
906. Unhappy, depressed.
907. Defeated, beaten; surrendering, giving up; (feeling of inadequacy, self-doubt).
908. Withdrawn (SEE ALSO 55/0, 55/X).
909. Socially ill at ease.
910. Secretive, self-concealing (“undoing”, “compensatory”).
911. Apathy, indifference, lack of initiative (“disenchantment with life”).
912. Emotionally inhibited, repressed, inaccessible.
999. No symptoms mentioned.
DISORDERED THOUGHT, INTELLECT, COGNITION

921. Loss of memory; major disorders of memory (including disorientation) (WHEN CLEAR-CUT; SEE ALSO CODE
56/3).
922. Intellectual retardation, lack of comprehension (SEE ALSO CODE 56/3).
923. Distracted, absent-minded; forgetful, unable to concentrate.
924. Brooding, preoccupied.
925. Obsessive, compulsive (“fanatic”).
Appendix D
MNTLOTH and BRKDOTH
1001. Mentions having been “insane,” psychotic personally.

1002. Mentions own mental illness in 656C, but can’t classify into 1001,1003,1004
1003. Mentions being (having been) neurotic personally
1004. Mentions having had a nervous breakdown personally (including all such references in Q6)
1005. Mentions own emotional disturbance short of mental illness (DO NOT CODE IF 1001-1004 can be coded).
sometimes I fell I may be mentally ill myself; I get so mad I’m afraid I’m going crazy; I almost had a nervous
breakdown myself; etc.
REFERENCE TO FAMILY, FRIENDS

1006. Mentions family members, friends having been “insane”, psychotic. my sister is just coming out after two years (ie,
any reference to institutionalization for mental illness is classified here); a friend of mine is in the state hospital, etc.
1007. Mentions family members, friends being (having been) mentally ill in 656C, but can’t classify into 1006,1008,1010.
1008. Mentions family members, friends being (having been) neurotic.
1010. Mentions family members, friends having nervous breakdowns (including any references in Q6.)
1011. Mentions emotional disturbances of family members, friends short of mental illness.
DENIAL OF CONTACT, FAMILIARITY

1101. Denies personal contact with the “insane”, psychotic. I’ve never seen anyone who was insane, so I don’t know; I’ve
never known anyone like that (in context of psychotic symptoms); etc.
1102. Denies personal contact with mentally ill in 656C, but can’t classify in to 1101, 1103, 1104. I ain’t seen anyone who
was mentally ill; I’ve never been around a mentally ill person to any great extent; I’ve never seen on (in
unclassifiable symptom context); etc
1103. Denies personal contact with the neurotic. I’ve never run into anyone who was really psychoneurotic; I’ve never
know anyone like that (in the context of neurotic symptoms); etc.
1104. Denies personal contact with nervous breakdowns (including any such denial in Q6). I never say anyone with a
nervous breakdown; etc.
1105. Denies personal contact with MI, not classifiable above.
GENERAL KNOWLEDGE CODES

1106. Denies general familiarity with insanity psychosis (DO NOT CODE IF 1 IS CODED). I don’t know much about the
subject of insanity; etc.
1107. Denies general familiarity with mental illness in 656C, but can’t classify into 7,9,X (1106,1108,1109)
1108. Denies general familiarity with neurosis (DO NOT CODE IF 3 IS CODED)
1109. Denies general familiarity with nervous breakdowns, (including any such denial in 656A)
1110. Denies general familiarity with MI, not classifiable above
MISCELLANEOUS VIEWPOINTS
1201. References to sympathy, pity for the mentally-ill. I’m heart-sick for them; I feel awfully sorry for them; the first
thing I would think of is my sorrow for them; it’s a pathetic affliction; etc.
1202. References to stigmatizing, avoiding the mentally ill. I’d feel sorry for one, but I’d rather not be around someone
like that (code 1 also); etc.
1203. Reference to fear, shock, horror, distress over mental illness; it’s worse than other illnesses; it’s worse than physical
illness; I hope it never happens to me; etc.
1204. Denial of stigmatizing mental illness. its just another type of sickness with no special stigma attached to it. I am
more broad-minded than most and don’t look at it as a terrible thing; etc.
1205. References to concern for; seriousness, importance of problem of mental illness; I was going to mention this as most
serious disease for I fell psychoneurosis is more serious, more of an ignored thing than anything else; its very
serious, of course, and there should be as much done as possible to prevent it as well as to help it; I’m awfully
interested in the subject to see what can be done for people like this; etc.
1206. References to relativeness of mental health (other than definitions in terms of deviant behavior or references to
mental illness being of different degrees). who, after all, is completely sane? Everyone has some sort of neurotic
tendencies; a perfectly normal person is very rare; we all have quirks and there is no definite line between those
mentally ill and not;, etc
1207. References to (relative) undetectability of mental illness. this illness is almost unnoticeable; its hard to tell that they
are mentally sick; there are cases where you are hardly able to detect that he was mentally ill, most cases you can’t
tell that a person is insane, apart from the criminally insane; until you get to know a person closely any kind of
mental illness is hard to detect except by a medical man trained in that line; you have to know them pretty well to
Appendix D
know their ways; you’d never suspect it until they crack up unless you have studied in this field to make you
recognize such a person; this illness is almost unnoticeable; etc.
1208. References to relative incurability of mental illness; it gives me a shock when I hear the term because I found out it
is more or less incurable (code 3 also); I don’t think they have a cure for mentally sick people; mental illness is
harder to treat than anything else’ it means a long slow process for recovery; usually it means that there is very little
hope of recovery; etc.
1209. References to mental illness, generally, involving an organic base; it’s an illness of the brain; the part of their brain
that helps them plan ahead has been injured or damaged; mental illness is a sickness, a disease, not something that
happens from over-exertion like a nervous breakdown; etc.
1210. References to mental illness, generally, excluding illnesses with an organic basis; a whole range of symptomatic
behavior where there is no identifiable organic cause are included in the term; etc.
1211. Use of colloquial terms─”crazy, bonkers, nuts, looney”
1212. Indicates knowledge that it is not socially desirable to stigmatize mentally ill (I shouldn’t feel this way, but...; thank
goodness people are not more accepting of mental illness)
1213. References to other people, or most people, stigmatizing mentally ill
1214. They need help, they should be helped, etc.
FREEDOM RECODE
(FREEMNS1-3, FREEXP1-3)
Intent of Recode
To codify open ended responses by category or type of freedom, either in definition or experience, to allow for use in the context of
research.
Method of Recode
Responses were assigned a number based on categories of freedom. FREEMNS1-3 is a recoded response to the main subject
mentioned under the first free response question. FREEEXP1-3 is a recoded response to the main experiences mentioned under the
second free response question.
FREEMNS1-3
WANT
1. Any variant of the positive statement “Doing what I want”
AUTONOMY
2. Self-realization, being different, self-control, etc.
CHOICES
3. Having choices, making decisions
RIGHTS
4. Includes religion and speech
MOVEMENT
5. Includes movement and travel
NEGATIVE
6. Not being a slave or a subordinate, subject to discrimination, or police or government harassment; no obligations
(emphasis on negativity of statement)
CITIZEN
7. Political participation or rhetorical references to American traditions or “American Dream”
SECURITY
8. Economic security and independence, including having a good job, not being in debt, self-employment, etc
OTHER
9.
NO ANSWER/ DON’T KNOW
98.
FREEEXP1-3
Appendix D
MOVING
1. Includes movement, driving, and travel
LEISURE
2. Recreation, being in nature, enjoyable activity
SOCIAL
3. Social engagements and commitments including family, spouses, helping others; includes institutional commitments
NEGATIVE
4. No obligations, being alone, leaving family, moving out, being divorced, leaving institution; independence in a
negative sense
INNER
5. Includes spiritual and religious freedoms
CHOICES
6. Variant of “making choices” or “doing what I want to do”
CITIZEN
7. Political participation, expressing one’s views, simply being an American or comparing America with other nations
SECURITY
8. Economic security and independence, including having a good job, not being in debt, self-employment, owning own
home, etc
OTHER
9.
NO ANSWER/DON’T KNOW
98.
Original Question
First open ended question: “The next questions are about freedom in America today. Freedom means many different things to people.
When you think about freedom, what comes to mind? Can you tell me in a couple of sentences what freedom means to you? PROBE:
Is there anything else that freedom means to you?”
Second open ended question: “What experiences in you life make you feel most free? PROBE AS NEEDED: Are there times in you
life when you feel especially free? ASK IF NECESSARY: Can you give me an example of an experience that makes you feel really
free?”
Spiritual Transformation Recodes
(ENTITY, EXPCHNG1-3 WHYCHNG1-3, CHANGED1-3)
The open-ended questions were coded into 10 variables. Information from any of the open-ended items were used to code each of the
variables
A. Up to three mentions of what led to, caused, or triggered the religious/spiritual change
WHYCHNG1
WHYCHNG2
WHYCHNG3
B. Up to three mentions of occurrence or aspects of the religious/ spiritual change itself (not cause, not consequences)
EXPCHNG1
EXPCHNG2
EXPCHNG3
C. Up to three mentions of the consequences of the religious/ spiritual change, what was different about the person's life, attitude,
beliefs, etc.
Appendix D
CHANGED1
CHANGED2
CHANGED3
D. One variable on specific religious figures mentioned
ENTITY
WHYCHNG1, 2, 3
1 Illness/hospitalization of R
2 Illness/hospitalization of other close to R
3 Accident of R
4 Accident of other close to R
5 Death of other close to R
6 Large-scale death, war, terrorism
7 Divorce
8 Break-up in relationship
9 Bad relationship with other, being let down by others
12 Other material, financial problems, poverty, job loss
13 Drug/alcohol recovery/rehab
14 Moving away
15 Drug/alcohol recovery/rehab of someone close to R
16 Loss of pet
17 Criminal victim
25 Reform in life needed
28 Other specific problems
29 Unspecified problems (e.g. bad times, troubled, lack of peace in one’s life)
30 Religious contact (church, minister, retreat, prayer group, Bible study group, revival)
31 Prayers answered, power of prayers
32 Faith, religious influence of others (not formal church activities, sermons, or organized religious actions See code 30)
33 Asked God/Christ/Other for help, guidance, forgiveness
34 Bible reading/study, religious readings on own (not as part of Religious services or organized religion See code 30)
35 Switched religions
37 Negative religious examples of others, experiences
38 Other positive religious influences (includes God helping R without R asking for it)
39 Fasting
40 Met someone (boy/girlfriend, etc.)
41 Married
42 Pregnancy
43 Birth of child, grandchild
44 Having, raising children, being a parent/grandparent (not birth see code 43)
45 Positive example of others (non-religious)
46 Person close to R in military
47 R in military
48 Spent time with family
50 Study (not formal religious)
51 Reading
52 Thinking about life, meaning, purpose, afterlife, etc.
53 Related to schooling, formal education
54 Sought help (not religious, not drug/alcohol)
60 Material gain
61 Volunteering
68 Other specified positive developments
69 Unspecified positive developments
70 Wanted God in life, made decision to trust God (no mention of Church, see code 30)
72 Just my time, had to happen
73 Personal awakening, discovery
74 Matured, got older
94 Can't describe
Appendix D
95 Nothing in particular, no single thing

96 Nothing relevant mentioned
97 No crisis, nothing special or dramatic
98 Don't know, can't remember
99 No answer
EXPCHNG1, 2, 3
1 Vision
2 Dream
3 "Sign"
4 Event in nature (e.g. rainbow, snowstorm, lighting)
5 Contact with dead
10 Frozen, catatonic
11 Left body, floated, falling away of mind/body
12 Near death experience
13 Crying
14 Felt warmth
15 A feeling that went all over, encompassed R
20 God told, talked to R, message from God Directly
21 God talked to R through preacher, not a normal general sermon
22 God talked to R through other (not preacher)
23 God turned on the lights, pieces fell together
24 Healed by God supernaturally
25 Aware of presence of the Holy Spirit, led by the Lord, Holy Spirit came into me, touched by Christ/God
26 Voice from altar
27 Saved
28 Explicit contact with angel
29 Experience that may have involved angel
30 Shook up, shocked
31 Felt burst of life, energized
32 Moving experience
33 Tunnel of light
34 More than words can express, can't really say
35 Supernatural, electrifying experience or connection
36 Glorious transformation
40 Born again
41 Caught the spirit, flipped by spirit
44 Emotional trauma
46 Awkward feeling, uneasy, lack of comfort, distress
48 Life flashed in front of R
49 Felt like someone touched R
52 Miracle
54 Epiphany
55 Prayed over and R fell
56 Other positive experiences, NEC
60 Glorious transformation
97 Nothing special happened
98 Don't know, don't remember
99 No answer
CHANGED1, 2, 3
1 More religious, greater faith, closer to Christ, more committed to God

2 Religious view changed (not specified)
3 Belief in miracles
4 Thanked God for life, grateful to God
6 God will take care of R, solve problems, look out for R, will depend on God, God there for R
8 Changed churches/religions, converted
Appendix D
9 Prayed more
10 Bring God to others, being evangelical
11 Released from sin
12 Live life following God's rule, Christian way, walk with the Lord, follow Christ's teachings
13 Baptized
14 Church seen as family
15 Became more aware of power of prayer
18 More spiritual, not more religious
19 Loss of religion, loss of faith
20 Realized limited time, life is short, live every day as last
21 Live life to the fullest, get most out of life
22 Peace (internal)
23 Calmer
24 Better, nicer, kinder, more humble person
25 Helped others, gave to others, selflessness, compassion, empathized
26 Spend more time with people, cared more for others, more caring
27 Got married
28 Closer to spouse
29 Closer to children, dedicated to children, better parent
30 Closer to family (spouse/children not specified)
31 Volunteered more
32 Raised children in faith, religion
33 Specific positive changes
34 Happier, more satisfied with life, feel better
35 Stronger
40 Changed directions, redirected life (not specified)
41 Think about, look at life differently (not specified)
45 Didn't take things for granted, appreciate things more, saw life as more valuable, saw every day as important
46 Re-evaluated what R believed
49 Gave up drinking, drugs
50 Avoided nightclubs, bars, wild parties, dancing
51 Better lifestyle, cleaner life (not specific)
52 Settled down, slowed down, more careful
53 More mature
54 Second chance, new chance, chance to start over
55 Gained hope
56 Beloved, gained love
57 Found unconditional, unlimited love
58 Found value of forgiving
59 Think about R’s actions, behaviors, sins
60 Life better, better off, enriched life
61 Felt needed
62 More self-confident, felt better about self, more aware of self
63 More aware of self beliefs
70 Life has purpose, meaning, makes sense, existential meaning gained, aware of ultimate truths/reality
71 More alive, aware, engaged; not bored, in rut, passive
72 Treat all the same, treated all mankind equally
73 Be more careful
74 Felt refreshed, renewed
75 More open to new things and new ideas
76 To think more
77 Knew there was a heaven, eternity
78 Made R aware of what R should be doing or should be like
80 Negative changes
82 More in touch with mortality and those who have died
83 Upset with judgmental attitudes
84 More conscious of church, religion; more aware of God
85 More responsible, accepts responsibility
87 Feeling changed
88 Realized that no matter how bad things are, someone else has it worse
Appendix D
89 Moved away from church, religion

90 Everything changed, complete change, dramatic change, new person
92 Realized there was real adversary (like Devil, evil)
94 Some change, unclear if positive/negative, NOT as major as code 90
95 No change, little change, temporary change, see codes 90, 94
98 Can't remember
ENTITY
1 God
2 Christ, Jesus
3 God and Christ/Jesus (both mentioned)
4 Lord (for mentions like “Lord God” just code “God”)
5 Other major religious figures like Buddha, Mohammed, Mary, specific saints, does NOT include ministers or other
contemporary religious leaders
6 No mention of religious entity
SCIENCE MODULE RECODE
(SCITEXT, EXPTEXT)
Intent of Recode
To codify open ended responses by general responses to science-related questions.
Method of Recode
Responses were assigned a number based on the respondents’ understandings of science and the scientific method. SCITEXT is a
recoded response to the first open-ended question on what it means to study something scientifically. EXPTEXT is a recoded response
to the second open-ended question, which asked respondents to justify their response to a previous question on experimental design.
Procedure for coding of STORMTXT and LITMSTXT was prepared by Jaqui C. Falkenheim from National Science Foundation.
SCITEXT
In analyses, the first three categories are considered to be correct, and are generally collapsed into a code “1” or “scientifically
correct.” The last three categories are considered to be incorrect, and are collapsed into a code of “0” or “incorrect” in analyses.
1. Formulation of Theories, Test Hypotheses – The top category includes some notion of theory or hypothesis. However, if
the response is simply ‘theory’ or ‘hypothesis’ with no elaboration then the response is coded as a ‘5.’
2. Do Experiments, Control Group – This does not include theory, but mentions experiment or control group. Key words for
a response to be placed in this category are ‘control group,’ ‘experiment,’ or ‘controlled group.’
3. Rigorous, Systematic Comparison – This category understands scientific study as such things as being rigorous (repeated
testing, over a long time), systematic (or orderly), unbiased, and replication. Responses mentioning the need for a ‘controlled
study’ or ‘controlled environment’ will be classified here if they do not include additional information that would allow them
to be categorized as a ‘1’ or ‘2.’
4. Measurement – This category includes the notion of something done ‘in a laboratory’ or focuses on quantitative methods
such as surveys or polls or gathering fads without additional information to allow them to be categorized in one of the above
categories. Responses simply indicating ‘testing’ are coded here.
5. Classification – These responses focus on more vague forms of research such as ‘investigate’ or ‘go to a library’ or ‘go in
depth’ or ‘do research’.
6. Redundancies/Incorrect/Irrelevant – This category includes all incorrect responses as well as redundant responses that
mention ‘what scientists do’ or ‘the scientific method’.
Appendix D
First open-ended question:

A13b: In your own words, could you tell me what it means to study something scientifically?
F1 INSTRUCTION: IF R SAYS “DON’T KNOW” OR REFUSES, REPEAT THE QUESTION.
A13c: You just said [FILL RESPONSE FROM A13B]. Do you have anything to add to that?
EXPTEXT
1. Correct (500 get drug), Control Group – The response includes the words ‘control group’ or ‘controlled group’ or ‘control
sample.’ A response that simply mentions ‘control group’ should be coded as a ‘1’ unless the respondent elaborates
incorrectly. This category also includes correct explanations of a control group through a description of those not getting
drugs as ‘a control.’
2. Correct (500 get drug), Vague Reason – The respondent understands the need for comparison but does not include other
more specific responses that would result in the response being coded as ‘1.’ This category includes implied comparisons as
well (such comments as ‘see the difference’ or ‘need to contrast’ or ‘need a baseline’). This category also includes detailed
listings of other factors that might lower blood pressure (rather than drugs) implying the need for comparison.
3. Correct (500 get drug), Wrong Reason – This would include reasons about sample size (e.g. “the second way is better
because fewer people would be hurt”) as well as other incorrect reasons. This category also includes respondents who simply
rephrase the method that is being used (e.g., “Well the second has two groups and the first only has one group”). The
category also includes a simple mention of a ‘double blind study’ without additional information to categorize it as a ‘1’ or a
‘2.’
4. Correct (500 get drug), Don’t Know
5. Wrong (1000 get drug), Reservations about Control Group – e.g., “It wouldn’t be fair to the 500 who didn’t get the drug if
the drug helps their problem”
6. Wrong (1000 get drug), Reservations about Sample – e.g. “With 1000 people you get twice as many examples”
7. Wrong (1000 get drug), Other Reason
8. Wrong (1000 get drug), Don’t Know
Second open-ended question:

A14b: Why is it better to test the drug this way? (Refers to R’s response to EXPDESIGN)
F1 INSTRUCTION: IF R SAYS “DON’T KNOW” OR REFUSES, REPEAT THE QUESTION.
A14c: You just said [FILL RESPONSE FROM A14C]. Do you have anything to add to that?
STORMTEXT
Question 4: Lightning and thunder happen at the same time, but you see the lightning before you hear the thunder. Explain why this is
so. [SELF-ADMINISTRATION CONDITION ONLY] Just enter your answer in the space below.
1. Complete: Respondent indicates that although the thunder and lightning occur at the same time, light travels faster than sound so
the light gets to your eye before the sound reaches your ear. A complete response provides a correct explanation including the relative
speeds at which light and sound travel.
For instance:
Light travels faster than sound

Sound waves are slower than light waves so you see then you hear the lightning and thunder
Sound travels slower than light
Light waves travel faster than sound waves
Lightening is light waves which travel at a much faster speed than the sound waves that make up the noise from thunder
Light is faster
Sound travels much slower than light so you see the light sooner at a distance
Appendix D
Thunder is a sound, lightning is visual. The speed of sound is less than the speed of light, so you see the light before you hear the
sound.
because the sound waves are slower
2. Partial: Response addresses speed and uses terminology such as thunder for sound and lightning for light, or makes a general
statement about speed but does not tell which is faster.
For instance:
Because the lightning is much faster than the thunder [this response addresses relative speed but lacks a comparison between the
speeds of light and sound]
The sound of thunder takes time to travel [this response includes a reference to speed, but lacks a comparison between the speeds of
light and sound]
One goes the speed of light and the other at the speed of sound [does not address the rate of speed]
differential in which sounds waves travel ... speed of sound
3. Unsatisfactory/Incorrect: Any response that does not relate or mention the faster speed of light or its equivalent, the slower speed
of sound.
For instance:
You see it before you hear the sound

Light is first
Time
Lightening hits the ground first and then the thunder happens
Lightening happens faster
The atmosphere that the hot air coming over the cold air and the lightening comes
Because oh gosh I can't explain it I don't know, it has something to do with the speed of sound, x that’s all I know
Lightening creates the difference in the air temperature which makes the boom
Because the storm was further out
Because it be raining
Because of static electricity
You hear… sound travels faster than the speed of light
thunder is the sound of light traveling at a certain speed, it is an after affect
The sound is based off the distance from where one is standing to the lighting strike
lighting is the electros that pushes the air apart and when it comes back togather it goes bang
because it's the distance
something to do with the time, how far it is away
thunder is from air moving back in after the lightening
the time delay is because of the distance of the lightning
[8.] Don’t know/don’t recall/refuse to answer

Don’t know
I can’t recall
Refused
Left response in blank
[9.] Not asked
LITMSTXT
Question 5: A solution of hydrochloric acid (HCl) in water will turn blue litmus paper red. A solution of the base sodium hydroxide
(NaOH) in water will turn red litmus paper blue. If the acid and base solutions are mixed in the right proportion, the resulting solution
will cause neither red nor blue litmus paper to change color.
Explain why the litmus paper does not change color in the mixed solution. [SELF ADMINISTRATION CONDITION ONLY] Just
enter your answer in the space below.
Appendix D
Correct: Responses must refer to neutralization or a chemical reaction that result in products that do not react with litmus paper.
There are 3 categories that are correct (#1 through #3), one category partially correct (#4), and one incorrect (#5), then Don’t
know/refuse (#8), and Not asked (#9)
1) Response refers explicitly to the formation of water (and salt) from the neutralization reaction [The first 2 bullets are examples of
correct responses from TIMMS]
Hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide will mix together to form water and salt, which is neutral
The hydrogen ions combine with the hydroxide ions to form water, so the litmus paper does not change color.
The litmus paper tests the concentration of h+ ions or oh- ions. When mixing the soluble HCl and the Na OH, the OH and H ions
combine to form water, leaving no h+ or oh- for the paper to detect.
Acid and base neutralize each other and form salt NaCL
what is an acid an one is a base they cancel each other out and become water
2) Response refers to the neutralization (or equivalent) even if the specific reaction is not mentioned [The first 5 bullets are examples
of correct responses from TIMMS]
When you mix acid and alkali, the mixture becomes neutral and has a pH of 7.
The HCI neutralizes the NaoH, and the NaoH neutralizes the HCI
The mixed solution is neutral, so litmus paper does not react
Acid+base=neutral solution
There is a neutralization reaction
The right mix creates a neutral solution that is neither acidic nor base
The chemical reaction that creates something which is neutral
Mixing turns the solution neutral
The acid is neutralized by the base, because the litmus paper detects acids or base, the solution is neutral
The liquid is neutral
It becomes neutral
Because acid and base neutralize to a ph of 7
The two chemicals combine to form molecules (H20 and NaCl) that are neither acidic nor base.
The acidic and base solutions neutralize each other
The two solutions if properly mixed will not change the paper colors because they become neutral
They neutralize each other, the acid and base neutralize each other
Because the solution would be neutral as is the litmus paper
Neutral solution
Acid neutralizes base of pH
Both chemicals neutralize each other
Put an acid and base together it neutralizes it
The solutions cancel each other out making it neutral
Because acids neutralize bases, and the other way around
3) Response refers to a chemical reaction taking place (implicitly or explicitly) to form products that do not react with litmus paper (or
similar), even if neutralization is not explicitly mentioned. [The first 3 bullets are examples of correct responses from TIMMS]
The acid and base react, and the new chemicals do not react with litmus paper
The chemicals that change the litmus paper must have a chemical reaction to each other. Therefore they will not change the color of
the paper anymore
They form a new solution that has different properties and doesn’t react with litmus
The HCl and NaOH when mixed in the right property balance each other out and become a neutral solution which would not trigger
the litmus paper change
4) Partially correct: Mentions only that acid and based are “balanced,” “opposites,” “cancel each other,” or only that it changes to a
salt without mentioning neutralization reaction [Respondent remembers the concept but the terminology is less precise, or the answer
is partial]
They balance each other out

One solution will cancel out the effects of the other
They are counter acting chemical reactions
Because the ph is basically 7 meaning that it is water and water has no ph [first part is correct but ‘water has no ph’ is incorrect]
Because there is a balance
Appendix D
It changes it to a salt
Because the two different solutions when combined together counter act each other
Because the two are balanced
Because the aset in base solution have offset each other [asset=acid?]
Because the HCl and NaOH will balance each other
They basically nullify one another
There is a balance between the chemicals and this prevents the chemical reaction with the litmus paper.
the items in the mixed solution cancel each other out
acid and caustic mixed together make it neutral at the right mixture of both materials
Because it is becoming a complete new chemical or the structure of the chemical has changed
Ph balance
I think because they cancel each other out and it is a neutral effect
3. Incorrect: Response does not mention any of the above in #1 through #4 and/or is too partial or incomplete, and/or uses
terminology that is too imprecise.
For instance:
Because they are base solutions - the two bases mixed together there is no reaction
There is no change. Both colors changing to the other
Because its mixed the right way and it won't change it. and if you mix it the wrong way, it will change it
Because of the acid
No water added
Because they neutralize the compound [experts at NSF indicate that the expression “neutralize the compound” is incorrect]
Something about the acid
It don't never turn green paper blue
Because its balanced x thats it
There is no ph difference
It is not strong enough which will just give you wet paper
Both are contacting each other
Sound like acid! It just sounds like acid. x Well the water change very fast and when you mix two different there's a puff of smoke and
you have to be very careful. to me it's just like making homemade acid
Because it the acids are equal, so there's no reaction to change anything.
because it was a bad batch of litmus paper
Their offsetting
you would have proper ph solution...nonacidic
The two chemicals react in different ways when used by themselves, and in consecutive order. They form a separate chemical and
react differently when combined together.
A reaction between the two papers
Because the solution is alkaline neutral
8. Don’t know/don’t recall/refused

I don’t know
I don’t recall
No idea
9. Not asked
ETHNICITY RECODE
(ETH1-3, ETHNUM, SPETHNIC, SPETH1-3, SPETHNUM)
Intent of Recode
The ethnicity data, as originally collected, represent responses to two separate questions. One set of columns was used if the
respondent was able to name one country of ancestral origin, and a different set was used if the respondent named more than one and
Appendix D
chose one of them. If the respondent named more than one but was unable to choose between them, no summary ancestral origin was
assigned. The question was recoded for two reasons: the data format was potentially cumbersome, and it was anticipated that some
users would be interested in summary ancestral identification regardless of the method used to obtain that information. Therefore,
summary ancestry and method of response were recoded as two separate variables. The first two columns contain country of ancestry
if provided, the next six columns the first, second, and third ethnicity mentioned (if any mention) and the ninth column describes the
conditions under which ancestry was given; i.e., volunteered as a first choice, given in response to a forced choice question, or not
provided at all. Spouse's ethnicity is coded in a similar fashion.
Method of Recode
If only one country was provided as the country of ancestry, that country was listed as summary ethnicity in the first two columns, and
the method of response, "names only one country," was coded as 1 in the third column. If the respondent named more than one
country, he was asked to choose between them. The country chosen was considered the ethnicity, and the method of response, "names
two or more countries and chooses one," was coded as 2. If more than one country was named and the respondent was unable to
choose between them, no country was assigned as summary ethnicity, and "names two or more countries but can't choose" was coded
as 3. If the respondent was unable to list any countries, no summary ethnicity was assigned and the method of response, "unable to
name countries," was coded as 4.
Original Question
1596. From what countries or part of the world did your ancestors come?
IF SINGLE COUNTRY IS NAMED, REFER TO NATIONAL CODES BELOW, AND
ENTER CODE NUMBER IN BOXES: . . . ___________
| | |
IF MORE THAN ONE COUNTRY IS NAMED, REFER TO NATIONAL CODES BELOW,
CODE UP TO 3 RESPONSES AND THEN ASK A . . . ___________
FIRST MENTION | | |
___________
SECOND MENTION | | |
___________
THIRD MENTION | | |
A. IF MORE THAN ONE COUNTRY NAMED: Which one of these countries do

you feel closer to?
IF ONE COUNTRY NAMED, REFER TO CODES BELOW,

AND ENTER CODE NUMBER IN BOX: ____________
| | |
IF CAN'T DECIDE ON ONE COUNTRY, ENTER CODE 88.
___________________________________________________________________
NATIONAL CODES
Africa........................01 Philippines....................20
Austria.......................02 Poland.........................21
Canada (French)...............03 Puerto Rico....................22
Canada (Other)................04 Russia (USSR)..................23
China.........................05 Scotland.......................24
Czechoslovakia................06 Spain..........................25
Denmark.......................07 Sweden.........................26
England and Wales.............08 Switzerland....................27
Finland.......................09 Other (SPECIFY)................29
France........................10 _________________________________
Germany.......................11 American Indian................30
Greece........................12 India..........................31
Hungary.......................13 Portugal.......................32
Ireland.......................14 Lithuania......................33
Italy.........................15 Yugoslavia.....................34
Japan.........................16 Rumania........................35
Mexico........................17 Belgium........................36
Netherlands (Dutch/Holland)...18 MORE THAN ONE COUNTRY/CAN'T
Norway........................19 DECIDE ON ONE..................88
DON'T KNOW.....................98
Appendix D
HISPANIC RECODE
(HISPANIC)
Intent of Recode
This variable combines two questions intended to address the Hispanic-ethnic heritage of all survey respondents. In line with the 2000
Census, this question was asked before the race questions to reduce the number of respondents replying “Hispanic” to their race.
Method of Recode
The filter question was asked of all respondents. Respondents who answered “no” to the filter question were automatically coded 1 on
HISPANIC. Respondents who answered “yes” to the filter were given a hand card and asked the follow-up question. The hand card
offered four options: 1) Mexican, Mexican American, Chicano/Chicana; 2) Puerto Rican; 3) Cuban; 4) Other Hispanic, please specify.
Closed responses were coded accordingly. Open responses were tallied and appear in the final variable.
To reconcile inconsistencies of response and to give further information, HISPANIC was checked against race and ethnicity variables.
If an ethnicity variable provided more information than the questions here, HISPANIC was updated accordingly.
Original Question
1601. IF R IS FEMALE, READ LATINA; IF MALE, READ LATINO.
Are you Spanish, Hispanic, or Latino/Latina?
Yes...........(ASK A).........................1
No ...........(GO TO AMPROUD1)................2
A. Which group are you from?
HAND Mexican, Mexican American, Chicano/Chicana............1

Puerto Rican..........................................2
CARD Cuban.................................................3
HG Other ________________________........................4
WORK SCHEDULE RECODE
(WORKDY, SPDAYS)
Intent of Recode
This question was included in the questionnaire by the NORC Sampling Department as a check on sample representativeness.
Although collected for this purpose, we thought the information might be of interest to some users. Since the original seven-column
code was too cumbersome for analytic purposes, the information was recoded, concentrating on the distinction between those working
a regular week and those working mainly weekends.
Method of Recode
The work pattern of each respondent who worked full-time (35 hours or more) was examined and the pattern was recoded according
to the following categories: a regular Monday through Friday week; a Monday through Friday plus Saturday or Sunday week; mainly
weekends; or a week without a set schedule.
Appendix D
Original Question
WORKDY, SPDAYS. What days of the week do you normally work? CODE ALL THAT APPLY.
Monday.........................1
Tuesday........................2
Wednesday......................3
Thursday.......................4
Friday.........................5
Saturday.......................6
Sunday.........................7
No set schedule,
varies......................8
VOCABULARY TEST
(WORDA-J, WORDSUM)
Intent of Recode
A ten-item word test was administered to respondents; as indicated in the previous usage appendix, the ten items were selected from
the twenty-item Gallup-Thorndike verbal intelligence Form A. This test, developed by R.L. Thorndike and Irving Lorge for use in
survey research, appeared on Gallup surveys of the early 1940's. Reliability coefficients range from .80 to .85.
To minimize the admittedly small possibility that some form of publicity would affect the public's knowledge of the words included in
the test, they are not reported here.
Method of Recode
For each of the ten words, there were five words (meanings) from which the respondent could choose. Each answer was scored as
correct or incorrect, and the number of correct responses was summed. Respondents who did not attempt the test or who did not
attempt a particular item are coded "9", No Answer.
WORDSUM provides the total number of words correct. Respondents who declined to guess on any of the words were given a score
of "99".
Original Question
The original question had ten words appearing in a format identical to that of the example─Beast.
ASTROLOGICAL SIGN RECODE
(ZODIAC)
Intent of Recode
For users interested in examining astrological properties, birth date was recoded into the twelve signs of the zodiac.
Method of Recode
Birth date was mapped according to the following recode.

Appendix D
Birth Date Sign
March 21 - April 19 Aries

April 20 - May 20 Taurus
May 21 - June 21 Gemini
June 22 - July 22 Cancer
July 23 - August 22 Leo
August 23 - September 22 Virgo
September 23 - October 23 Libra
October 24 - November 21 Scorpio
November 22 - December 21 Sagittarius
December 22 - January 19 Capricorn
January 20 - February 18 Aquarius
February 19 - March 20 Pisces
Original Question
See Age Recode.
Appendix E
APPENDIX E:
AGE AND COHORT DISTRIBUTIONS
Exact At Time of At Time of Exact At time of At Time of

Age Interview First Marriage Age Interview First Marriage
(AGE) (AGEWED) (AGE) (AGEWED)
(PUNCH) (N) (N) (PUNCH) (N) (N)
12 0 4 54 862 6
13 0 38 55 781 8
14 0 106 56 860 4
15 0 272 57 762 2
16 0 843 58 810 5
17 0 1453 59 764 1
18 206 2767 60 795 4
19 777 2886 61 709 1
20 818 2719 62 741 1
21 930 3324 63 721 2
22 970 2291 64 631 0
23 1130 1980 65 696 1
24 1109 1633 66 631 0
25 1231 1477 67 683 0
26 1216 978 68 634 1
27 1253 867 69 583 0
28 1314 603 70 610 1
29 1177 452 71 536 0
30 1289 454 72 548 0
31 1200 230 73 488 2
32 1291 238 74 515 0
33 1232 160 75 441 0
34 1262 119 76 439 0
35 1247 135 77 409 0
36 1230 72 78 368 0
37 1205 58 79 320 0
38 1221 62 80 284 0
39 1087 56 81 285 0
40 1154 62 82 248 0
41 1092 18 83 220 0
42 1076 35 84 192 0
43 1102 22 85 168 0
44 1043 12 86 151 0
45 994 23 87 126 0
46 1002 9 88 99 0
47 976 7 89 or older 294 1
48 989 7 98 (Don't know) 1 19
49 1011 8 99 (No answer) 201 187
50 918 8 IAP (Never married, 0 30312
51 932 3 Not applicable)
52 897 9
53 874 3
Appendix E
BIRTH AND MARRIAGE COHORT DISTRIBUTIONS 1
COHORT COHORT
YEAR Of birth Of 1st YEAR Of birth Of 1st
marriage marriage
1883 or earlier 2 0 1941 791 392
1884 3 0 1942 895 389
1885 7 0 1943 953 353
1886 4 0 1944 950 358
1887 13 0 1945 896 490
1888 10 0 1946 1039 564
1889 21 0 1947 1245 476
1890 27 0 1948 1181 448
1891 27 0 1949 1063 400
1892 31 0 1950 1158 453
1893 34 0 1951 1246 391
1894 61 0 1952 1251 372
1895 55 0 1953 1244 395
1896 73 0 1954 1165 422
1897 72 0 1955 1168 427
1898 105 0 1956 1227 399
1899 123 0 1957 1203 421
1900 130 1 1958 1187 417
1901 138 1 1959 1105 457
1902 163 1 1960 1053 441
1903 173 1 1961 1024 432
1904 182 3 1962 944 437
1905 219 3 1963 926 442
1906 207 4 1964 920 579
1907 263 4 1965 842 539
1908 246 7 1966 770 544
1909 330 14 1967 696 544
1910 285 11 1968 752 564
1911 318 14 1969 691 597
1912 348 18 1970 719 651
1913 371 26 1971 578 623
1914 417 31 1972 550 593
1915 428 46 1973 512 518
1916 455 46 1974 502 481
1917 483 74 1975 443 432
1918 500 69 1976 432 398
1919 530 63 1977 440 403
1920 520 100 1978 373 342
1921 582 102 1979 394 362
1922 572 126 1980 352 330
1923 605 124 1981 322 304
1924 618 151 1982 254 288
1925 588 137 1983 222 270
1926 639 168 1984 212 202
1927 630 178 1985 202 207
1928 602 211 1986 164 162
1929 602 213 1987 137 134
1930 618 196 1988 93 117
1931 585 193 1989 96 93
1932 597 210 1990 61 74
1933 568 236 1991 55 44
1934 680 268 1992 29 38
1935 670 286 1993 20 11
1936 677 307 1994 12 2
1937 694 296 9998 (Don't know) 0 0
1938 712 331
1939 743 354 9999 (No answer) 203 307
1940 743 449
IAP (Never married) 0 31459
1
Birth cohort and marriage cohort data can be found in COHORT and MARCOHRT.
Appendix F
APPENDIX F:
OCCUPATIONAL CLASSIFICATION DISTRIBUTIONS
(OCC, PRESTIGE, WRKSLF, WRKGOVT, COMMUTE, INDUSTRY, OCC80, PRESTG80, INDUS80, OCC10, INDUS10,
SPOCC, SPWRKSLF, SPIND, SPOCC80, SPPRES80, SPIND80, SPOCC10, SPIND10,
PAOCC16, PAPRES16, PAWRKSLF, PAIND16, PAOCC80, PAPRES80, PAIND80, PAOCC10, PAIND10,
MAOCC80, MAPRES80, MAWRKSLF, MAIND80, MAOCC10, MAIND10)
This appendix contains three five-digit occupational classifications. In the first classification, the first three digits are the
1970 U.S. Census occupational codes, and the last two digits are the Hodge-Siegel-Rossi Prestige Scores. In the second classification
the first three digits are the 1980 U.S. Census occupational codes and the last two digits are the NORC/GSS prestige scores. The third
uses 2010 U.S. Census occupational codes.
The U.S. Census Bureau has assigned a three-digit number code to each occupational title. A listing of codes pertinent to this
study was taken from an index of approximately 23,000 occupational titles. These codes appear under the column headed "Punch,
Occupation." For further detail, see U.S. Bureau of the Census, 1970 Census of Population, Alphabetical Index of Industries and
Occupations, Washington, U.S. Government Printing Office, 1971; U.S. Bureau of the Census, 1970 Census of Population, Classified
Index of Industries and Occupations, Washington, U.S. Government Printing Office, 1971.; 1980 Census of Population, Alphabetical
Index of Industries and Occupations, Washington, U.S. Government Printing Office, 1981; and U.S. Bureau of the Census, 1980
Census of Population, Classified Index of Industries and Occupations, Washington, U.S. Government Printing Office, 1981.
The frequencies for each occupational classification are listed in this appendix for the respondent, the respondent's father, the
respondent's spouse, and the respondent’s mother.
Appendix F
1970 Occupational Classification

PROFESSIONAL, TECHNICAL, AND Punch N
KINDRED WORKERS
Occupation Prestige Scores Respondent R's Father R's Spouse
PROFESSIONAL AND SPECIALTY

Accountants 001 57 228 175 159
Architects 002 71 29 26 13
Computer specialists
Computer programmers 003 51* 73 13 38
Computer systems analysts 004 51* 50 13 32
Computer specialists, n.e.c. 005 51* 30 8 25
Engineers
Aeronautical astronautical engineers 006 71 7 35 8
Chemical engineers 010 67 18 27 18
Civil engineers 011 68 49 80 36
Electrical and electronic engineers 012 69 63 105 52
Industrial engineers 013 54 43 40 33
Mechanical engineers 014 62 43 90 33
Metallurgical and materials engineers 015 56 5 6 0
Mining engineers 020 62 2 9 3
Petroleum engineers 021 67 6 4 1
Sales engineers 022 51 2 3 8
Engineers, n.e.c. 023 67 36 33 25
Farm management advisers 024 54 7 3 5
Foresters and conservationists 025 54 18 15 9
Home management advisers 026 54* 2 0 0
Lawyers and judges

Judges 030 76* 7 8 3
Lawyers 031 76 94 94 71
Librarians, archivists, and curators

Librarians 032 55 42 0 30
Archivists and curators 033 66 4 0 1
Mathematical specialists
Actuaries 034 55* 1 2 1
Mathematicians 035 65 1 1 2
Statisticians 036 55 4 3 3
Life and Physical scientists

Agricultural scientists 042 56 5 6 4
Atmospheric and space scientists 043 68* 2 1 0
Biological scientists 044 68 15 3 11
Chemists 045 69 33 45 24
Geologists 051 67 11 3 4
Marine scientists 052 68* 0 0 0
Physicists and astronomers 053 74 2 5 6
Life and Physical scientists, n.e.c. 054 68 1 1 2
Operations and systems researchers and analysts 055 51 10 4 6

Personnel and labor relations workers 056 56 74 28 52
Physicians, dentists, and related practitioners

Chiropractors 061 60 7 9 7
Dentists 062 74 27 40 14
Optometrists 063 62 7 8 6
Pharmacists 064 61 23 37 19
Appendix F
Punch N

Physicians, including osteopaths 065 82 53 112 49
Podiatrists 071 37 1 3 0
Veterinarians 072 60 7 12 1
Health practitioners, n.e.c. 073 51* 3 2 0
Nurses, dieticians, and therapists

Dieticians 074 52 16 1 14
Registered nurses 075 62 370 2 207
Therapists 076 37 51 4 38
Health technologists and technicians 080 61* 76 4 28

Dental hygienists 081 61 15 1 7
Health record technologists and technicians 082 61* 7 0 3
Radiologic technologists and technicians 083 61* 27 2 12
Therapy assistants 084 37 2 0 1
Health technologists and technicians, n.e.c. 085 47 49 4 24
Religious workers
Clergymen 086 69 56 159 42
Religious workers, n.e.c. 090 56 13 8 4
Social scientists
Economists 091 57 34 8 17
Political scientists 092 66* 0 0 0
Psychologists 093 71 22 8 12
Sociologists 094 66 2 2 1
Urban and regional planners 095 66* 4 2 2
Social scientists, n.e.c. 096 66 4 0 1
Social and recreation workers

Social workers 100 52 118 20 57
Recreation workers 101 49 22 6 4
Teachers, college and university

Agriculture teachers 102 78 3 6 2
Atmospheric, earth, marine, and space teachers 103 78 0 0 0
Biology teachers 104 78 4 7 4
Chemistry teachers 105 78 5 7 3
Physics teachers 110 78 5 2 0
Engineering teachers 111 78 2 1 3
Mathematics teachers 112 78 8 4 5
Health specialists teachers 113 78 22 0 6
Psychology teachers 114 78 4 7 2
Business and commerce teachers 115 78 8 6 5
Economics teachers 116 78 7 3 5
History teachers 120 78 4 6 4
Sociology teachers 121 78 2 2 1
Social science teachers, n.e.c. 122 78 7 1 4
Art, drama, and music teachers 123 78 17 4 7
Coaches and physical education teachers 124 78 8 6 8
Education teachers 125 78 5 1 4
English teachers 126 78 14 4 8
Foreign language teachers 130 78 10 4 5
Home economics teachers 131 78 3 0 0
Law teachers 132 78 1 0 0
Theology teachers 133 78 0 2 1
Trade, industrial, and technical teachers 134 78 8 3 2
Miscellaneous teachers, college and university 135 78 9 7 2
Appendix F
Punch N

Teachers, college and university, subject not specified 140 78 20 11 15
Teachers, except college and university

Adult education teachers 141 43* 27 4 11
Elementary school teachers 142 60 525 44 307
Pre-kindergarten and kindergarten teachers 143 60* 58 1 49
Secondary school teachers 144 63 322 74 165
Teachers, except college and university, n.e.c. 145 43 92 10 56
Engineering and science technicians

Agriculture and biological technicians, except health 150 47* 10 4 4
Chemical technicians 151 47* 18 15 18
Draftsmen 152 56 50 48 39
Electrical and electronic engineering technicians 153 47* 82 29 38
Industrial engineering technicians 154 47* 10 5 4
Mechanical engineering technicians 155 47* 5 5 2
Mathematical technicians 156 47* 0 3 0
Surveyors 161 53 13 12 8
Engineering and science technicians, n.e.c. 162 47 54 17 30
Technicians, except health, engineering, and science

Airplane pilots 163 70 11 11 12
Air traffic controllers 164 43* 6 4 4
Embalmers 165 52 0 1 0
Flight engineers 170 47* 0 3 1
Radio operators 171 43 8 0 4
Tool programmers, numerical control 172 47* 0 0 1
Technicians, n.e.c. 173 47 26 6 17
Vocational and educational counselors 174 51 37 6 20
Writers, artists, and entertainers

Actors 175 55 8 2 3
Athletes and kindred workers 180 51 19 11 15
Authors 181 60 10 0 5
Dancers 182 38 6 2 4
Designers 183 58 38 20 20
Editors and reporters 184 51 52 31 27
Musicians and composers 185 46 41 22 22
Painters and sculptors 190 56 61 18 23
Photographers 191 41 27 14 12
Public relations men and publicity writers 192 57 45 10 17
Radio and television announcers 193 51 8 4 4
Writers, artists, and entertainers, n.e.c. 194 51* 32 14 13
Research workers, not specified 195 51 28 10 12
Professional, technical, and kindred
workers--allocated 196 51* 0 0 0
MANAGERS AND ADMINISTRATORS, EXCEPT FARM
Assessors, controllers, and treasurers, local public administration 201 61* 15 7 10

Bank officers and financial managers 202 72 137 91 84
Buyers and shippers, farm products 203 41 4 28 6
Buyers, wholesale and retail trade 205 50 40 23 27
Credit Men 210 49 21 9 19
Funeral directors 211 52* 15 9 12
Health administrators 212 61* 45 13 20
Construction inspectors, public administration 213 41 8 5 8
Inspectors, except construction, public administration 215 41 36 31 31
Managers and superintendents, building 216 38 47 25 26
Office managers, n.e.c. 220 50* 143 40 77
Officers, pilots, and pursers; ship 221 60 6 29 6
Officials and administrators; public administration, n.e.c. 222 61 113 98 56
Officials of lodges, societies, and unions 223 58 8 20 19
Appendix F
Punch N

Postmasters and mail superintendents 224 58 13 24 6
Purchasing agents and buyers, n.e.c 225 48 47 46 41
Railroad conductors 226 41 16 54 10
Restaurant, cafeteria and bar managers 230 39 170 107 79
Sales managers and department heads, retail trade 231 50 140 81 100
Sales managers, except retail trade 233 50* 89 78 56
School administrators, college 235 61* 25 10 14
School administrators, elementary and secondary 240 60* 70 54 52
Managers and administrators, n.e.c. 245 50 1418 2248 1067*
Managers and administrators, except farm--allocated 246 50* 0 0 0
SALES WORKERS
Advertising agents and salesmen 260 42 24 15 11
Auctioneers 261 32 2 1 2
Demonstrators 262 28 14 0 7
Hucksters and peddlers 264 18 53 35 25
Insurance agents, brokers, and underwriters 265 47 139 152 106

Newsboys 266 15 11 8 4
Real estate agents and brokers 270 44 117 99 75
Stocks and bonds salesmen 271 51 28 23 14
Salesmen and sales clerks, n.e.c. 280 34 884 530 564

Sales representatives, manufacturing industries 281 49 19 19 8
Sales representatives, wholesale trade 282 40 12 16 8
Sales clerks, retail trade 283 29 47 11 40
Salesmen, retail trade 284 29 11 11 7
Salesmen of services and construction 285 34* 7 2 5
Sales workers--allocated 296 34* 0 0 0
CLERICAL AND KINDRED WORKERS

Bank tellers 301 50 83 6 69
Billings clerks 303 45 46 2 36
Bookkeepers 305 48 460 56 259
Cashiers 310 31 383 11 168
Clerical assistants, social welfare 311 36* 6 1 2
Clerical supervisors, n.e.c 312 36* 70 18 32
Collectors, bill and account 313 26 20 2 9
Counter clerks, except food 314 36* 95 9 42
Dispatchers and starters, vehicle 315 34 21 14 16
Enumerators and interviewers 320 36* 14 0 9
Estimators and investigators, n.e.c. 321 36* 107 33 62
Expediters and production controllers 323 36* 70 36 37
File clerks 325 30 67 3 34
Insurance adjusters, examiners, and investigators 326 48 43 23 31
Library attendants and assistants 330 41 22 0 19
Mail carriers, post office 331 42 66 117 50
Mailhandlers, except post office 332 36* 30 3 10
Messengers and office boys 333 19 24 4 10
Meter readers, utilities 334 36* 10 15 9
Office machine operators *

Bookkeeping and billing machine operators 341 45 31 0 18
Calculating machine operator 342 45 12 0 4
Computer and peripheral equipment operators 343 45 111 6 61
Duplicating machine operators 344 45 4 0 1
Keypunch operators 345 45 69 2 47
Tabulating machine operators 350 45 1 0 3
Office machine operators, n.e.c. 355 45 22 0 11
Appendix F
Punch N

Payroll and timekeeping clerks 360 41 59 15 25
Postal clerks 361 43 79 74 44
Proofreaders 362 36 12 2 4
Real estate appraisers 363 43 8 7 3
Receptionists 364 39 134 2 84
Secretaries
Secretaries, legal 370 46 76 0 42
Secretaries, medical 371 46 91 0 36
Secretaries, n.e.c. 372 46 1035 7 612
Shipping and receiving clerks 374 29 109 64 51
Statistical clerks 375 36 46 16 18
Stenographers 376 43 45 2 8
Stock clerks and storekeepers 381 23 130 69 87
Teacher aides, except school monitors 382 36 101 0 55
Telegraph messengers 383 30 0 0 1
Telegraph operators 384 44 17 10 10
Telephone operators 385 40 137 1 63
Ticket, station, and express agents 390 35 24 17 16
Typists 391 41 156 1 69
Weighers 392 36 13 7 6
Miscellaneous clerical workers 394 36 322 30 136
Not specified clerical workers 395 36 240 46 134
Clerical and kindred workers--allocated 396 36* 0 0 0
CRAFTSMEN AND KINDRED WORKERS

Automobile accessories installers 401 47* 1 0 1
Bakers 402 34 38 67 14
Blacksmiths 403 36 6 65 3
Boilermakers 404 31 8 21 4
Bookbinders 405 31 16 7 11
Brickmasons and stonemasons 410 36 52 147 23
Brickmasons and stonemasons, apprentices 411 36 5 4 1
Bulldozer operators 412 33 24 50 32
Cabinetmakers 413 39 17 54 15
Carpenters 415 40 273 630 192
Carpenter apprentices 416 40 9 2 2
Carpet installers 420 47 13 9 17
Cement and concrete finishers 421 32 15 31 15
Compositors and typesetters 422 38 34 47 21
Printing trades apprentices, except pressmen 423 40 0 1 1
Cranemen, derrickmen, and hoistmen 424 39 61 85 37
Decorators and window dressers 425 37 27 9 9
Dental laboratory technicians 426 47 5 6 12
Electricians 430 49 146 200 79
Electrician apprentices 431 41 2 3 0
Electric power linemen and cablemen 433 39 26 31 25
Electrotypers and stereotypers 434 38 0 1 0
Engravers, except photoengravers 435 41 4 6 4
Excavating, grading and road machine operators, except bulldozer 436 33 61 90 52
Floor layers, except tile setters 440 40 3 2 3
Foremen, n.e.c. 441 45 325 696 292
Forgemen and hammermen 442 36 2 10 6
Furniture and wood finishers 443 29 13 17 9
Furriers 444 35 1 4 0
Glaziers 445 26 6 9 9
Heat treaters, annealers, and temperers 446 36 3 5 1
Inspectors, scalers, and graders:lumber 450 31 6 14 4
Inspectors, n.e.c. 452 31 81 80 44
Appendix F
Punch N

Jewelers and watchmakers 453 37 9 22 14
Job and die setters, metal 454 48 14 20 2
Locomotive engineers 455 51 21 72 14
Locomotive firemen 456 36 2 12 0
Machinists 461 48 113 232 96
Machinist apprentices 462 41 6 2 2
Mechanics and repairmen

Air cond., heating, and refrigeration 470 37 45 34 30
Aircraft 471 48 36 41 30
Automobile body repairmen 472 37 36 31 24
Automobile mechanics 473 37 165 270 152
Automobile mechanic apprentices 474 37 0 4 0
Data processing machine repairmen 475 34* 6 3 13
Farm implements 480 33 6 11 7
Heavy equipment mechanics, including diesel 481 33* 144 164 107
Household appliance and accessory installers and mechanics 482 33* 22 28 13
Loom fixers 483 30 2 13 3
Office machines 484 34 12 5 10
Radio and television 485 35 16 20 18
Railroad and car shop 486 37 10 87 9
Mechanic, except auto, apprentices 491 41 1 3 1
Miscellaneous mechanics and repairmen 492 35 103 90 61
Not specified mechanics and repairmen 495 35 21 28 15
Millers; grain, flour, and feed 501 25 1 10 1
Millwrights 502 40 26 50 21
Molders, metal 503 39 9 38 10
Molder, apprentices 504 39 0 0 0
Motion picture projectionists 505 34 4 5 1
Opticians, and lens grinders and polishers 506 51 8 4 1
Painters, construction and maintenance 510 30 99 179 59
Painter apprentices 511 30 1 0 1
Paperhangers 512 24 2 8 3
Pattern and model makers, except paper 514 39 8 13 2
Photoengravers and lithographers 515 40 10 14 11
Piano and organ tuners and repairmen 516 32 4 4 1
Plasterers 520 33 6 26 4
Plasterer apprentices 521 33 0 0 0
Plumber and pipe fitters 522 41 90 173 69
Plumber and pipe fitter apprentices 523 41 5 9 6
Power station operators 525 39 4 11 6
Pressmen and plate printers, printing 530 40 41 41 28
Pressmen apprentices 531 40 0 1 1
Rollers and finishers, metal 533 36 6 15 5
Roofers and slaters 534 31 25 33 20
Sheetmetal workers and tinsmiths 535 37 42 53 26
Sheetmetal apprentices 536 37 0 0 2
Shipfitters 540 36 2 5 0
Shoe repairmen 542 33 5 30 2
Sign painters and letterers 543 30 3 8 4
Stationary engineers 545 35 33 82 19
Stone cutters and stone carvers 546 33 1 5 1
Structural metal craftsmen 550 36 26 28 23
Tailors 551 41 22 68 14
Telephone installers and repairmen 552 39 42 35 34
Telephone linemen and splicers 554 39 20 14 14
Tile setters 560 36 7 11 5
Tool and die makers 561 42 39 82 24
Tool and die maker apprentices 562 41 2 0 0
Upholsterers 563 30 20 24 17
Specified craft apprentices, n.e.c. 571 41 0 1 0
Not specified apprentices 572 41 2 0 0
Craftsmen and kindred workers, n.e.c. 575 47 9 33 16
Former members of the Armed Forces 580 47* 46 104 27
Appendix F
Punch N

Craftsmen and kindred workers--allocated 586 47* 0 0 0
Current members of the Armed Forces 590a 47* 165 191 150
OPERATIVES, EXCEPT TRANSPORT

Asbestos and insulation workers 601 28 5 2 6
Assemblers 602 27 321 145 177
Blasters and powdermen 603 32 2 5 0
Bottling and canning operatives 604 23 15 9 9
Chainmen, roadmen, and axmen; surveying 605 39 2 0 0
Checkers, examiners, and inspectors; manufacturing 610 36 162 71 104
Clothing ironers and pressers 611 18 51 10 27
Cutting operatives, n.e.c. 612 26 73 51 40
Dressmakers and seamstresses,not factory 613 32 53 3 15
Drillers, earth 614 27 11 35 13
Dry wall installers and lathers 615 27 19 11 10
Dyers 620 25 4 9 2
Filers, polishers, sanders, and buffers 621 19 30 37 18
Furnacemen, smeltermen, and pourers 622 33 20 47 13
Garage workers and gas station attendants 623 22 55 21 17
Graders and sorters, manufacturing 624 33 13 5 10
Produce graders and packers, except factory and farm 625 19 13 5 7
Heaters, metal 626 33 3 3 2
Laundry and dry cleaning operatives,n.e.c 630 18 80 32 34
Meat cutters and butchers, except manufacturing 631 32 33 71 26
Meat cutters and butchers, manufacturing 633 28 38 41 25
Meat wrappers, retail trade 634 19 6 1 10
Metal platers 635 29 9 7 2
Milliners 636 33 5 1 3
Mine operatives, n.e.c. 640 26 99 573 80
Mixing operatives 641 29 15 22 14
Oilers and greasers, except auto 642 24 6 7 2
Packers and wrappers, n.e.c 643 19 180 43 87
Painters, manufactured articles 644 29 29 24 16
Photographic process workers 645 36 18 3 12
Precision machine operatives

Drill press operatives 650 29 26 14 9
Grinding machine operatives 651 29 24 28 23
Lathe and milling machine operatives 652 29 31 28 18
Precision machine operatives, n.e.c 653 29* 19 14 7
Punch and stamping press operatives 656 29 52 26 27
Riveters and fasteners 660 29 8 9 9
Sailors and deckhands 661 34 7 22 4
Sawyers 662 28 16 53 16
Sewers and stitchers 663 25 356 22 202
Shoemaking machine operatives 664 32* 13 17 11
Solderers 665 29 14 2 5
Stationary firemen 666 33 17 72 11
Textile operatives
Carding, lapping, and combing operatives 670 29 2 5 0
Knitters, loopers, and toppers 671 29 18 3 9
Spinners, twisters, and winders 672 25 56 18 24
Weavers 673 25 15 14 6
Textile operatives, n.e.c. 674 29 41 37 18
Welders and flame-cutters 680 40 146 200 116
Winding operatives, n.e.c. 681 29 23 6 10
Machine operatives, miscellaneous specified 690 32* 287 229 176
Machine operatives, not specified 692 32* 89 95 60
Miscellaneous operatives 694 32* 139 129 97
Not specified operatives 695 32 118 312 86
Operatives, except transport--allocated 696 32* 0 0 0
Appendix F
Punch N

TRANSPORT EQUIPMENT OPERATIVES
Boatmen and canalmen 701 37 1 3 2
Bus drivers 703 32 73 64 52
Conductors and motormen, urban rail transit 704 28 1 23 2

Deliverymen and routemen 705 28 120 201 91
Fork lift and tow motor operatives 706 29 64 53 51
Motormen; mine, factory, logging camp, etc. 710 27 8 15 6

Parking attendants 711 22 3 3 3
Railroad brakemen 712 35 6 27 6
Railroad switchmen 713 33 8 36 14
Taxicab drivers and chauffeurs 714 22 36 59 18
Truck drivers 715 32 341 548 279
Transport equipment operatives-allocated 726 29 0 0 0
LABORERS, EXCEPT FARM

Animal caretakers, except farm 740 29 29 3 12
Carpenters' helpers 750 23 13 5 4
Construction laborers, except carpenters' helpers 751 17 189 330 105
Fishermen and oystermen 752 30 9 25 5
Freight and material handlers 753 17 142 144 78
Garbage collectors 754 17 26 34 12
Gardeners and groundkeepers, except farm 755 23 83 101 47
Longshoremen and stevedores 760 24 11 33 7
Lumbermen, raftsmen, and woodchoppers 761 26 27 99 15
Stockhandlers 762 17 105 23 45
Teamsters 763 12 1 15 1
Vehicle washers and equipment cleaners 764 17 19 18 14
Warehousemen, n.e.c. 770 20 42 29 27
Miscellaneous laborers 780 17* 148 323 80
Not specified laborers 785 17 70 228 53
Laborers, except farm-allocated 796 17* 0 0 0
FARMERS AND FARM MANAGERS

Farmers (owners and tenants) 801 41 412 4032 276
Farm managers 802 44 12 66 7
Farmers and farm managers-allocated 806 41* 0 0 0
FARMERS LABORERS AND FARM FOREMEN

Farm foremen 821 35 5 32 6
Farm laborers, wage workers 822 18 143 451 77
Farm laborers, unpaid family workers 823 18 11 9 11
Farm service laborers, self-employed 824 27 2 14 1
Farm laborers, farm foremen, and kindred workers-allocated 846 19 0 0 0
SERVICE WORKERS, EXCEPT PRIVATE HOUSEHOLD
Cleaning service workers

Chambermaids and maids, except private household 901 14 83 0 21
Cleaners and charwomen 902 12 215 37 77
Janitors and sextons 903 16 256 205 179
Food service workers

Bartenders 910 20 57 31 22
Busboys 911 22 16 2 2
Cooks, except private household 912 26 319 77 141
Dishwashers 913 22 43 4 14
Food counters and fountain workers 914 15 85 4 38
Appendix F
Punch N

Waiters 915 20 436 12 188
Food service workers, n.e.c. except private household 916 22 141 3 56
Health service workers

Dental assistants 921 48 39 0 28
Health aides, except nursing 922 48* 98 6 37
Health trainees 923 36 2 0 0
Midwives 924 23 2 0 1
Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants 925 36 388 22 175
Practical nurses 926 42 165 1 85
Personal service workers

Airline stewardesses 931 36 7 0 6
Attendants, recreation and amusement 932 15 33 4 8
Attendants, personal service, n.e.c. 933 14 42 6 15
Baggage porters and bell hops 934 14 5 9 1
Barbers 935 38 21 99 18
Boarding and lodging housekeepers 940 22 8 2 4
Bootblacks 941 9 0 2 0
Child care workers, except private households 942 25 92 0 41
Elevator operators 943 21 7 7 2
Hairdressers and cosmetologists 944 33 196 3 111
Personal service apprentices 945 14* 1 0 0
Housekeepers, except private households 950 36 51 3 14
School monitors 952 22* 14 1 6
Ushers, recreation and amusement 953 15 1 0 1
Welfare service aides 954 14 17 0 6
Protective service workers

Crossing guards and bridge tenders 960 24 16 6 5
Firemen, fire protection 961 44 49 87 37
Guards and watchmen 962 22 131 101 70
Marshals and constables 963 46 2 5 1
Policemen and detectives 964 48 96 162 69
Sheriffs and bailiffs 965 55 20 17 10
Service workers, except private household-allocated 976 25 0 0 0
PRIVATE HOUSEHOLD WORKERS

Child care workers, private household 980 23 93 0 37
Cooks, private household 981 18 12 1 8
Housekeepers, private household 982 25 116 1 28
Laundresses, private household 983 18 5 0 0
Maids and servants, private household 984 18 279 2 77
Private household workers-allocated 986 18* 0 0 0
(Not applicable: Unemployed, No father substitute, Not married,

Disabled, Retired, No answer, and Don't know) BK BK 30820 32787 40523
a
Note: The code for current members of the Armed Forces, not normally included in the U.S. Census
definition of the civilian population labor force.
Appendix F
Punch N
1980 Census Occupational Category 1980 1989
Prestige
Census Code Respondent R's Father R's Spouse R's Mother
Scores
MANAGERIAL AND PROFESSIONAL SPECIALTY OCCUPATIONS
Executive, Administrative, and Managerial Occupations

Legislators 003 61 4 9 3 1
Chief Executives and General Admin., Public Admin. 004 70 5 15 2 1
Administrators and Officials, Public Administration 005 51 151 147 89 39
Administrators, Protective Service 006 54 13 19 10 0
Financial Managers 007 59 131 67 83 38
Personnel and Labor Relations Managers 008 54 34 19 21 15
Purchasing Managers 009 63 26 17 18 3
Managers, Marketing, Advertising, and Public Relations 013 59 171 112 95 18
Administrators, Education and Related Fields 014 64 188 145 106 40
Managers, Medicine and Health 015 69 126 22 59 38
Managers, Properties and Real Estate 016 39 115 49 65 26
Postmasters and Mail Superintendents 017 53 9 28 6 12
Funeral Directors 018 49 13 22 5 5
Managers and Administrators, n.e.c. 019 51 1939 1881 1156 461
Accountants and Auditors 023 65 351 265 173 142
Underwriters 024 48 6 2 1 4
Other Financial Officers 025 48 186 51 88 53
Management Analysts 026 61 110 11 31 5
Personnel, Training, and Labor Relations Specialists 027 43 124 43 90 37
Purchasing Agents and Buyers, Farm Products 028 42 5 19 5 1
Buyers, Wholesale and Retail Trade Except Farm Products 029 50 38 19 20 14
Purchasing Agents and Buyers 033 41 67 55 30 8
Business and Promotion Agents 034 51 16 4 5 4
Construction Inspectors 035 47 14 18 8 0
Inspectors/Compliance Officers, Except Construction 036 50 64 79 45 7
Management Related Occupations, n.e.c. 037 49 190 14 55 55
Professional Specialty Occupations

Architects 043 73 42 45 23 7
Aerospace Engineers 044 72 28 71 21 1
Metallurgical and Materials Engineers 045 61 4 14 3 0
Mining Engineers 046 60 3 8 3 0
Petroleum Engineers 047 66 6 13 1 0
Chemical Engineers 048 73 19 54 10 3
Nuclear Engineers 049 63 1 6 7 0
Civil Engineers 053 69 68 161 46 4
Agricultural Engineers 054 60 0 1 0 0
Electrical and Electronic Engineers 055 64 113 212 94 7
Industrial Engineers 056 62 58 35 40 2
Mechanical Engineers 057 64 76 164 47 2
Marine and Naval Architects 058 59 1 6 2 0
Engineers, n.e.c. 059 71 87 85 38 0
Surveyors and Mapping Scientists 063 51 10 17 11 1
Computer Systems Analysts and Scientists 064 74 265 59 135 16
Operations and Systems Researchers and Analysts 065 53 14 4 11 1
Actuaries 066 44 2 0 2 0
Statisticians 067 56 8 3 4 0
Mathematical Scientists, n.e.c. 068 63 2 3 2 1
Physicists and Astronomers 069 73 4 14 4 1
Chemists, Except Biochemists 073 73 31 60 24 7
Atmospheric and Space Scientists 074 63 4 6 1 0
Geologists and Geodesists 075 70 8 7 7 1
Physical Scientists, n.e.c. 076 73 9 5 7 0
Agricultural and Food Scientists 077 58 11 12 7 3
Biological and Life Scientists 078 73 26 2 10 9
Forestry and Conservation Scientists 079 55 7 16 8 0
Medical Scientists 083 64 9 3 9 5
Physicians 084 86 115 179 91 25
Dentists 085 72 28 51 20 6
Veterinarians 086 62 11 21 11 3
Optometrists 087 67 7 10 8 2
Punch N
Appendix F
1980 1989
Prestige
Scores
Podiatrists 088 65 3 3 1 0
Health Diagnosing Practitioners, n.e.c. 089 50 15 10 9 1
Registered Nurses 095 66 588 17 297 705
Pharmacists 096 68 35 43 20 14
Dietitians 097 56 26 2 15 35
Inhalation Therapists 098 63 16 5 10 3
Occupational Therapists 099 56 16 0 10 5
Physical Therapists 103 61 31 1 22 13
Speech Therapists 104 61 29 0 12 10
Therapists, n.e.c. 105 62 30 1 11 6
Physicians' Assistants 106 61 15 6 7 7
Earth, Environmental, and Marine Science Teachers 113 74 6 2 0 1
Biological Science Teachers 114 74 6 7 3 2
Chemistry Teachers 115 74 4 5 1 3
Physics Teachers 116 74 3 3 1 0
Natural Science Teachers, n.e.c. 117 74 2 0 2 0
Psychology Teachers 118 74 8 3 2 1
Economics Teachers 119 74 6 9 3 1
History Teachers 123 74 7 3 4 3
Political Science Teachers 124 74 5 2 3 0
Sociology Teachers 125 74 0 2 0 1
Social Science Teachers, n.e.c. 126 74 2 1 1 1
Engineering Teachers 127 74 7 11 2 1
Mathematical Science Teachers 128 74 19 12 5 3
Computer Science Teachers 129 74 4 2 4 0
Medical Science Teachers 133 74 3 5 5 0
Health Specialties Teachers 134 74 11 1 10 4
Business, Commerce, and Marketing Teachers 135 74 5 11 5 1
Agriculture and Forestry Teachers 136 74 2 6 1 0
Art, Drama, and Music Teachers 137 74 22 9 11 6
Physical Education Teachers 138 74 2 2 4 1
Education Teachers 139 74 4 1 6 2
English Teachers 143 74 31 5 10 9
Foreign Language Teachers 144 74 17 3 3 1
Law Teachers 145 74 4 3 2 0
Social Work Teachers 146 74 3 0 0 0
Theology Teachers 147 74 3 6 3 0
Trade and Industrial Teachers 148 74 5 2 3 0
Home Economics Teachers 149 74 2 0 1 0
Teachers, Postsecondary, n.e.c. 153 74 6 10 5 2
Postsecondary Teachers, Subject Not Specified 154 74 64 38 30 15
Teachers, Prekindergarten and Kindergarten 155 55 110 1 58 79
Teachers, Elementary School 156 64 695 129 382 624
Teachers, Secondary School 157 66 361 185 177 227
Teachers, Special Education 158 65 49 2 17 28
Teachers, n.e.c. 159 46 183 41 83 66
Counselors, Educational and Vocational 163 57 80 14 38 21
Librarians 164 54 62 2 33 55
Archivists and Curators 165 52 11 2 4 2
Economists 166 63 62 19 23 7
Psychologists 167 69 66 17 24 9
Sociologists 168 61 1 0 0 0
Social Scientists, n.e.c. 169 65 8 5 4 3
Urban Planners 173 52 11 2 2 1
Social Workers 174 52 276 43 107 100
Recreation Workers 175 38 20 0 5 10
Clergy 176 69 81 197 56 2
Religious Workers, n.e.c. 177 44 21 5 10 9
Lawyers 178 75 176 168 115 12
Judges 179 71 5 10 2 5
Authors 183 63 33 3 10 1
Technical Writers 184 54 25 6 3 2
Designers 185 47 159 47 51 56
Musicians and Composers 186 47 56 25 23 16
Actors and Directors 187 58 47 7 19 4
Painters, Sculptors, Craft-Artists, and Printmakers 188 52 83 21 33 28
Punch N
1980 1989
Appendix F
Prestige
Scores
Photographers 189 45 36 24 21 4
Dancers 193 53 11 0 4 0
Artists, Performers, and Related Workers, n.e.c. 194 36 25 12 11 5
Editors and Reporters 195 60 83 23 33 35
Public Relations Specialists 197 48 56 17 20 7
Announcers 198 55 10 3 6 2
Athletes 199 65 32 4 7 0
TECHNICAL, SALES, AND ADMINISTRATIVE SUPPORT OCCUPATIONS
Technicians and Related Support Occupations

Clinical Laboratory Technologists and Technicians 203 68 99 8 43 30
Dental Hygienists 204 52 22 0 15 19
Health Record Technologists and Technicians 205 52 11 0 7 5
Radiologic Technicians 206 58 37 10 21 11
Licensed Practical Nurses 207 60 150 6 69 147
Health Technologists and Technicians, n.e.c. 208 57 118 6 46 28
Electrical and Electronic Technicians 213 60 144 51 77 9
Industrial Engineering Technicians 214 40 3 5 0 0
Mechanical Engineering Technicians 215 54 4 1 0 0
Engineering Technicians, n.e.c. 216 48 52 24 25 3
Drafting Occupations 217 51 60 60 19 6
Surveying and Mapping Technicians 218 36 9 11 4 0
Biological Technicians 223 32 18 7 8 4
Chemical Technicians 224 38 37 18 15 3
Science Technicians, n.e.c. 225 44 31 15 21 4
Airplane Pilots and Navigators 226 61 37 65 24 0
Air Traffic Controllers 227 65 12 12 3 1
Broadcast Equipment Operators 228 43 21 15 8 5
Computer Programmers 229 61 145 61 74 28
Tool Programmers, Numerical Control 233 48 2 1 1 0
Legal Assistants 234 57 82 3 29 30
Technicians, n.e.c. 235 41 121 48 44 14
Sales Occupations
Supervisors and Proprietors, Sales Occupations 243 44 713 841 406 259
Insurance Sales Occupations 253 45 160 215 86 43
Real Estate Sales Occupations 254 49 218 98 106 104
Securities and Financial Services Sales Occupations 255 53 86 31 43 5
Advertising and Related Sales Occupations 256 39 42 15 24 4
Sales Occupations, Other Business Services 257 32 87 34 51 15
Sales Engineers 258 53 8 3 4 0
Sales Rep., Mining, Manufacturing, and Wholesale 259 49 285 364 164 37
Sales Workers, Motor Vehicles and Boats 263 34 60 115 31 6
Sales Workers, Apparel 264 30 126 20 52 125
Sales Workers, Shoes 265 28 19 9 13 13
Sales Workers, Furniture and Home Furnishings 266 31 42 28 24 18
Sales Workers, Radio, TV, Hi-Fi, and Appliances 267 31 38 27 18 9
Sales Workers, Hardware and Building Supplies 268 32 40 33 22 7
Sales Workers, Parts 269 30 32 27 15 3
Sales Workers, Other Commodities 274 32 513 159 214 419
Sales Counter Clerks 275 34 50 16 17 22
Cashiers 276 29 648 16 192 348
Street and Door-To-Door Sales Workers 277 22 98 30 34 58
News Vendors 278 19 16 9 7 8
Demonstrators, Promoters and Models, Sales 283 32 18 0 5 5
Auctioneers 284 39 0 0 0 0
Sales Support Occupations, n.e.c. 285 36 12 4 8 0
Administrative Support Occupations, Including Clerical

Supervisors, General Office 303 51 145 25 62 50
Supervisors, Computer Equipment Operators 304 54 14 6 2 2
Supervisors, Financial Records Processing 305 52 19 12 11 10
Chief Communications Operators 306 49 5 7 8 4
Supervisors, Distribution, Scheduling, and Adjusting Clerks 307 42 48 50 29 8
Computer Operators 308 50 66 13 34 13
Punch N
1980 1989
Appendix F
Prestige
Scores
Peripheral Equipment Operators 309 40 4 0 4 1
Secretaries 313 46 968 14 490 1084
Stenographers 314 47 25 4 15 17
Typists 315 40 66 1 30 31
Interviewers 316 49 30 4 14 9
Hotel Clerks 317 32 31 0 10 8
Transportation Ticket and Reservation Agents 318 35 34 12 22 15
Receptionists 319 39 231 6 122 95
Information Clerks, n.e.c. 323 34 13 0 5 0
Classified-Ad Clerks 325 31 3 0 2 2
Correspondence Clerks 326 35 3 0 1 1
Order Clerks 327 31 92 8 27 26
Personnel Clerks, Except Payroll and Timekeeping 328 36 20 7 6 15
Library Clerks 329 29 48 3 14 14
File Clerks 335 36 27 2 10 13
Records Clerks 336 31 44 4 25 14
Bookkeepers, Accounting and Auditing Clerks 337 47 424 55 231 352
Payroll and Timekeeping Clerks 338 42 47 10 16 33
Billing Clerks 339 31 72 1 35 13
Cost and Rate Clerks 343 28 11 4 7 2
Billing, Posting, and Calculating Machine Operators 344 35 27 0 12 3
Duplicating Machine Operators 345 35 3 0 3 2
Mail Preparing and Paper Handling Machine Operators 346 36 2 0 0 0
Office Machine Operators, n.e.c. 347 39 8 0 3 1
Telephone Operators 348 40 91 4 26 103
Telegraphers 349 45 1 6 1 1
Communications Equipment Operators, n.e.c. 353 33 2 2 1 1
Postal Clerks, Excluding Mail Carriers 354 42 89 67 35 52
Mail Carriers, Postal Service 355 47 77 159 45 23
Mail Clerks, Excluding Postal Service 356 32 44 12 14 10
Messengers 357 22 35 6 14 0
Dispatchers 359 35 37 23 29 11
Production Coordinators 363 42 49 11 27 7
Traffic, Shipping and Receiving Clerks 364 33 158 59 69 31
Stock and Inventory Clerks 365 27 132 46 59 27
Meter Readers 366 34 11 19 7 0
Weighers, Measurers, and Checkers 368 28 15 9 5 4
Samplers 369 35 1 0 0 0
Expediters 373 43 73 13 25 17
Material Recording, Scheduling and Distributing Clerks, n.e.c. 374 24 7 2 3 4
Insurance Adjusters, Examiners, and Investigators 375 47 87 18 30 19
Investigators and Adjusters, Except Insurance 376 40 201 14 73 46
Eligibility Clerks, Social Welfare 377 46 11 0 9 3
Bill and Account Collectors 378 24 33 5 16 11
General Office Clerks 379 34 414 58 162 223
Bank Tellers 383 43 111 8 58 101
Proofreaders 384 43 6 1 1 10
Data-Entry Keyers 385 41 121 6 40 43
Statistical Clerks 386 38 14 1 5 5
Teachers' Aides 387 43 106 1 54 88
Administrative Support Occupations, n.e.c. 389 33 212 21 96 63
SERVICE OCCUPATIONS
Private Household Occupations

Launderers and Ironers 403 23 4 1 1 33
Cooks, Private Household 404 30 13 2 7 19
Housekeepers and Butlers 405 34 29 1 9 58
Child Care Workers, Private Household 406 29 127 1 42 61
Private Household Cleaners and Servants 407 23 242 8 66 510
Protective Service Occupations

Supervisors, Firefighting and Fire Prevention Occupations 413 60 7 6 4 0
Supervisors, Police and Detectives 414 62 20 21 7 1
Supervisors, Guards 415 38 18 6 9 0
Fire Inspection and Fire Prevention Occupations 416 60 8 11 5 0
Punch N
1980 1989
Appendix F
Prestige
Scores
Firefighting Occupations 417 53 56 108 28 1
Police and Detectives, Public Service 418 60 144 198 78 21
Sheriffs, Bailiffs, and Other Law Enforcement Officers 423 48 36 25 21 2
Correctional Institution Officers 424 40 56 31 42 3
Crossing Guards 425 32 16 0 8 11
Guards and Police, Excluding Public Service 426 42 140 109 62 35
Protective Service Occupations 427 37 14 2 7 1
Armed Forces1
Former Member of the Armed Forces 430 49 48 92 29 0
Current Member of the Armed Forces 431 49 114 328 93 20
1
These codes are not part of the 1980 Census Occupational Classification. They are codes used by NORC.
Service Occupations, Except Protective and Household

Supervisors, Food Preparation and Service Occupations 433 35 100 24 45 40
Bartenders 434 25 97 28 26 36
Waiters and Waitresses 435 28 466 25 113 451
Cooks, Except Short Order 436 31 377 96 131 419
Short-Order Cooks 437 28 15 3 3 6
Food Counter, Fountain and Related Occupations 438 23 49 1 8 10
Kitchen Workers, Food Preparation 439 24 78 8 20 29
Waiters'/Waitresses' Assistants 443 21 86 7 28 32
Miscellaneous Food Preparation Occupations 444 17 160 11 42 148
Dental Assistants 445 45 49 0 33 36
Health Aids, Except Nursing 446 51 188 6 60 50
Nursing Aides, Orderlies and Attendants 447 42 625 15 184 460
Supervisors, Cleaning and Building Service Workers 448 36 57 31 25 15
Maids and Housemen 449 20 198 13 66 207
Janitors and Cleaners 453 22 532 320 221 211
Elevator Operators 454 28 1 5 2 4
Pest Control Occupations 455 32 13 14 9 0
Supervisors, Personal Service Occupations 456 37 14 6 4 7
Barbers 457 36 18 66 11 4
Hairdressers and Cosmetologists 458 36 241 15 101 199
Attendants, Amusement and Recreation Facilities 459 25 46 10 17 10
Guides 463 29 6 0 7 0
Ushers 464 20 2 0 0 3
Public Transportation Attendants 465 42 19 7 11 8
Baggage Porters and Bellhops 466 27 6 9 4 1
Welfare Service Aides 467 46 65 3 16 26
Child Care Workers, Except Private Household 468 36 269 2 122 177
Personal Service Occupations, n.e.c. 469 25 66 6 24 28
FARMING, FOREST, AND FISHING OCCUPATIONS
Farm Operators and Managers

Farmers, Except Horticultural 473 40 223 2844 144 91
Horticultural Specialty Farmers 474 37 16 21 5 0
Managers, Farms, Except Horticultural 475 48 17 59 6 1
Managers, Horticultural Specialty Farms 476 48 10 23 5 1
Farm Occupations, Except Managerial

Supervisors, Farm Workers 477 44 6 22 2 2
Farm Workers 479 23 146 452 43 140
Marine Life Cultivation Workers 483 31 31 0 1 0
Nursery Workers 484 26 11 6 0 9
Related Agricultural Occupations

Supervisors, Related Agricultural Occupations 485 36 22 21 10 1
Groundskeepers and Gardeners, Except Farm 486 29 129 122 75 4
Animal Caretakers, Except Farm 487 21 29 10 11 6
Graders and Sorters, Agricultural Products 488 31 7 1 0 3
Inspectors, Agricultural Products 489 49 2 0 1 0
Forestry and Logging Occupations

Supervisors, Forestry and Logging Workers 494 44 1 11 1 0
Punch N
1980 1989
Appendix F
Prestige
Scores
Forestry Workers, Except Logging 495 39 7 6 3 1
Timber Cutting and Logging Occupations 496 31 19 107 14 1
Fishers, Hunters, and Trappers

Captains and Other Officers, Fishing Vessels 497 43 1 2 3 0
Fishers 498 34 19 60 4 1
Hunters and Trappers 499 23 23 2 1 0
PRECISION PRODUCTION, CRAFT, AND REPAIR OCCUPATIONS
Mechanics and Repairers

Supervisors, Mechanics and Repairers 503 50 54 74 40 2
Automobile Mechanics, Except Apprentices 505 40 206 405 126 4
Automobile Mechanic Apprentices 506 34 34 1 0 0
Bus, Truck, and Stationary Engine Mechanics 507 44 73 123 38 1
Aircraft Engine Mechanics 508 53 29 38 20 1
Small Engine Repairers 509 28 13 18 4 0
Automobile Body and Related Repairers 514 31 60 68 23 1
Aircraft Mechanics, Excluding Engine 515 53 19 16 12 0
Heavy Equipment Mechanics 516 45 42 80 27 0
Farm Equipment Mechanics 517 36 5 25 3 0
Industrial Machinery Repairers 518 30 69 168 36 5
Machinery Maintenance Occupations 519 26 5 13 1 0
Electronic Repairers, Communications and Industrial Equipment 523 39 51 49 14 1
Data Processing Equipment Repairers 525 51 20 14 17 0
Household Appliance and Power Tool Repairers 526 38 23 30 11 0
Telephone Line Installers and Repairers 527 41 29 47 9 0
Telephone Installers and Repairers 529 36 30 56 24 4
Misc. Electrical and Electronic Equipment Repairers 533 39 17 18 5 0
Heating, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration Mechanics 534 42 73 54 33 0
Camera, Watch, and Musical Instrument Repairers 535 35 6 17 8 2
Locksmiths and Safe Repairers 536 39 10 5 5 0
Office Machine Repairers 538 37 9 7 8 0
Mechanical Controls and Valve Repairers 539 36 5 3 3 0
Elevator Installers and Repairers 543 39 5 12 5 0
Millwrights 544 43 19 50 19 1
Specified Mechanics and Repairers, n.e.c. 547 32 46 60 28 1
Not Specified Mechanics and Repairers 549 44 38 58 26 1
Construction Trades
Supervisors, Brickmasons, Stonemasons, and Title Setters 553 50 2 6 1 0
Supervisors, Carpenters and Related Work 554 50 5 4 7 0
Supervisors, Electricians and Power Transmission Installers 555 50 13 19 8 0
Supervisors, Painters, Paperhangers, and Plasterers 556 50 4 7 2 0
Supervisors, Plumbers, Pipefitters, and Steamfitters 557 50 6 11 5 0
Supervisors, n.e.c. 558 54 143 276 111 0
Brickmasons and Stonemasons, Except Apprentices 563 36 48 132 24 1
Brickmasons and Stonemasons Apprentices 564 26 26 1 3 0
Tile Setters, Hard and Soft 565 31 16 17 7 0
Carpet Installers 566 34 16 25 10 0
Carpenters, Except Apprentices 567 39 320 594 151 1
Carpenter Apprentices 569 29 29 1 0 0
Drywall Installers 573 34 28 27 6 0
Electricians, Except Apprentices 575 51 158 313 116 5
Electrician Apprentices 576 41 9 2 5 0
Electrical Power Installers and Repairers 577 46 25 41 19 0
Painters, Construction and Maintenance 579 34 94 166 51 3
Paperhangers 583 31 7 8 2 3
Plasterers 584 35 6 24 4 0
Plumbers, Pipefitters, and Steamfitters, Except Apprentices 585 45 134 224 80 0
Plumber, Pipefitter, and Steamfitter Apprentices 587 35 2 4 2 0
Concrete and Terrazzo Finishers 588 38 19 26 12 0
Glaziers 589 30 5 10 6 0
Insulation Workers 593 33 11 7 8 0
Paving, Surfacing, and Tamping Equipment Operators 594 33 2 1 4 1
Roofers 595 37 48 37 23 1
Punch N
1980 1989
Appendix F
Prestige
Scores
Sheetmetal Duct Installers 596 35 12 16 5 1
Structural Metal Workers 597 43 23 56 16 0
Drillers, Earth 598 40 4 13 4 0
Construction Trades, n.e.c. 599 36 40 68 19 0
Extractive Occupations
Supervisors, Extractive Occupations 613 44 10 33 2 0
Drillers, Oil Well 614 42 5 23 5 0
Explosives Workers 615 38 2 8 0 0
Mining Machine Operators 616 35 14 211 5 2
Precision Production Occupations

Mining Occupations, n.e.c. 617 29 9 49 3 0
Supervisors, Production Occupations 633 47 254 525 188 62
Tool and Die Makers, Except Apprentices 634 43 35 134 20 1
Tool and Die Maker Apprentices 635 33 33 0 0 0
Precision Assemblers, Metal 636 31 6 14 5 3
Machinists, Except Apprentices 637 47 106 317 73 6
Machinist Apprentices 639 35 1 0 0 0
Boilermakers 643 40 4 30 6 0
Precision Grinders, Fitters, and Tool Sharpeners 644 26 2 5 6 0
Patternmakers and Model Makers, Metal 645 38 1 5 2 0
Lay-Out Workers 646 30 30 3 0 0
Precious Stones and Metals Workers 647 45 13 10 9 3
Engravers, Metal 649 38 1 3 1 0
Sheet Metal Workers, Except Apprentices 653 50 22 50 12 0
Sheet Metal Worker, Apprentices 654 38 1 0 0 0
Miscellaneous Precision Metal Workers 655 36 2 0 1 0
Patternmakers and Model Makers, Wood 656 39 39 2 1 0
Cabinet Makers and Bench Carpenters 657 44 24 25 16 5
Furniture and Wood Finishers 658 39 13 17 8 3
Miscellaneous Precision Woodworkers 659 36 2 3 0 0
Dressmakers 666 36 43 3 23 191
Tailors 667 42 15 42 5 20
Upholsterers 668 35 26 19 9 5
Shoe Repairers 669 36 10 36 1 5
Apparel and Fabric Patternmakers 673 37 2 1 2 0
Miscellaneous Precision Apparel and Fabric Workers 674 34 5 4 3 14
Hand Molders and Shapers, Except Jewelers 675 32 10 17 3 2
Patternmakers, Lay-Out Workers, and Cutters 676 28 6 6 3 1
Optical Goods Workers 677 38 21 13 8 5
Dental Laboratory and Medical Appliance Technicians 678 56 12 11 4 5
Bookbinders 679 32 12 7 4 10
Electrical and Electronic Equipment Assemblers 683 28 43 12 19 55
Miscellaneous Precision Workers, n.e.c. 684 30 8 9 2 2
Butchers and Meat Cutters 686 35 49 128 27 19
Bakers 687 35 46 53 23 29
Food Batchmakers 688 30 14 10 4 13
Inspectors, Testers, and Graders 689 42 32 38 21 12
Adjusters and Calibrators 693 40 4 2 1 0
Water and Sewage Treatment Plant Operators 694 38 13 10 10 0
Power Plant Operators 695 43 6 7 5 0
Stationary Engineers 696 40 29 68 13 1
Miscellaneous Plant and System Operators 699 43 8 21 12 1
OPERATORS, FABRICATORS, AND LABORERS
Machine Operators, Assemblers, and Inspectors

Lathe and Turning Machine Set-Up Operators 703 41 8 5 4 0
Lathe and Turning Machine Operators 704 37 11 19 7 2
Milling and Planing Machine Operators 705 32 2 4 1 0
Punching and Stamping Press Machine Operators 706 35 32 19 17 10
Rolling Machine Operators 707 40 1 10 1 0
Drilling and Boring Machine Operators 708 37 12 12 4 2
Grinding, Abrading, Buffing, and Polishing Machine Operators 709 23 28 26 16 3
Forging Machine Operators 713 36 3 8 0 0
Punch N
1980 1989
Appendix F
Prestige
Scores
Miscellaneous Metal, Plastic, Stone, and Glass Working Machine Operators 715 29 5 5 2 2
Fabricating Machine Operators, n.e.c. 717 38 7 4 7 12
Molding and Casting Machine Operators 719 34 36 41 21 11
Metal Plating Machine Operators 723 36 8 8 12 2
Heat Treating Equipment Operators 724 40 4 4 2 0
Miscellaneous Metal and Plastic Processing Machine Operators 725 35 3 2 3 0
Wood Lathe, Routing and Planing Machine Operators 726 37 4 3 1 1
Sawing Machine Operators 727 34 32 74 15 1
Shaping and Joining Machine Operators 728 30 1 0 1 1
Nailing and Tacking Machine Operators 729 27 2 0 0 1
Miscellaneous Woodworking Machine Operators 733 22 11 10 1 2
Printing Machine Operators 734 39 84 82 30 12
Photoengravers and Lithographers 735 40 11 10 5 1
Typesetters and Compositors 736 40 14 23 7 7
Miscellaneous Printing Machine Operators 737 37 16 2 8 5
Winding and Twisting Machine Operators 738 30 32 15 10 42
Knitting, Looping, Taping, and Weaving Machine Operators 739 34 19 21 6 40
Textile Cutting Machine Operators 743 28 7 0 3 310
Textile Sewing Machine Operators 744 28 210 23 83 410
Shoe Machine Operators 745 33 17 10 6 37
Pressing Machine Operators 747 29 32 10 13 35
Laundering and Dry Cleaning Machine Operators 748 32 73 35 13 88
Miscellaneous Textile Machine Operators 749 33 33 45 12 52
Cementing and Gluing Machine Operators 753 35 8 1 5 3
Packaging and Filling Machine Operators 754 25 47 20 19 75
Extruding and Forming Machine Operators 755 32 10 5 4 3
Mixing and Blending Machine Operators 756 26 20 32 15 5
Separating, Filtering, and Clarifying Machine Operators 757 30 14 30 11 4
Compressing and Compacting Machine Operators 758 30 2 4 0 1
Painting and Paint Spraying Machine Operators 759 30 38 35 16 5
Roasting and Baking Machine Operators, Food 763 23 1 1 0 0
Washing, Cleaning, and Pickling Machine Operators 764 25 2 2 1 1
Folding Machine Operators 765 28 4 0 2 7
Furnace, Kiln, and Oven Operators, Except Food 766 40 31 96 18 1
Crushing and Grinding Machine Operators 768 31 6 15 4 3
Slicing and Cutting Machine Operators 769 34 36 22 15 11
Motion Picture Projectionists 773 38 5 5 1 1
Photographic Process Machine Operators 774 38 22 1 7 10
Miscellaneous and Not Specified Machine Operators, n.e.c. 777 30 195 175 84 68
Machine Operators, Not Specified 779 33 176 375 96 197
Welders and Cutters 783 42 140 244 75 13
Solderers and Blazers 784 33 17 3 3 10
Assemblers 785 35 284 233 145 321
Hand Cutting and Trimming Occupations 786 26 5 1 2 5
Hand Molding, Casting, and Forming Occupations 787 33 8 6 4 8
Hand Painting,Coating, and Decorating Occupations 789 31 11 11 4 3
Hand Engraving and Printing Occupations 793 42 1 0 3 0
Hand Grinding and Polishing Occupations 794 35 35 1 0 0
Miscellaneous Hand Working Occupations 795 32 12 9 4 3
Production Inspectors, Checkers, and Examiners 796 36 175 87 82 73
Production Testers 797 38 16 10 6 3
Production Samplers and Weighers 798 42 1 0 0 18
Graders and Sorters, Except Agricultural 799 33 19 12 10 29
Transportation and Material Moving Occupations

Supervisors, Motor Vehicle Operators 803 38 20 17 6 2
Truck Drivers, Heavy 804 30 485 863 305 7
Truck Drivers, Light 805 30 112 100 76 7
Driver-Sales Workers 806 24 38 98 32 4
Bus Drivers 808 32 128 80 63 75
Taxicab Drivers and Chauffeurs 809 28 57 87 25 9
Parking Lot Attendants 813 21 7 3 3 0
Motor Transportation Occupations, n.e.c. 814 25 3 3 1 0
Railroad Conductors and Yardmasters 823 42 15 86 8 0
Locomotive Operating Occupations 824 41 17 72 9 0
Railroad Brake, Signal, and Switch Operators 825 40 6 58 4 0
Punch N
1980 1989
Appendix F
Prestige
Scores
Rail Vehicle Operators, n.e.c. 826 47 47 6 1 0
Ship Captains and Mates, Except Fishing Boats 828 54 1 15 2 0
Sailors and Deckhands 829 34 4 19 5 0
Marine Engineers 833 43 43 0 1 0
Bridge, Lock and Lighthouse Tenders 834 28 28 1 1 0
Supervisors, Material Moving Equipment Operators 843 45 6 10 6 1
Operating Engineers 844 50 75 109 42 0
Longshore Equipment Operators 845 34 3 6 1 0
Hoist and Winch Operators 848 36 4 4 1 0
Crane and Tower Operators 849 42 20 64 17 1
Excavating and Loading Machine Operators 853 38 19 17 11 0
Grader, Dozer, and Scraper Operators 855 34 11 31 9 0
Industrial Truck and Tractor Equipment Operators 856 35 102 85 62 4
Miscellaneous Material Moving Equipment Operators 859 27 53 34 25 3
Handlers, Equipment Cleaners, Helpers, and Laborers, n.e.c. 863 27 6 6 3 0

Helpers, Mechanics and Repairers 864 33 2 1 1 0
Helpers, Construction Trades 865 30 10 4 4 1
Helpers, Surveyor 866 38 3 2 1 0
Helpers, Extractive Occupations 867 38 1 0 0 0
Construction Laborers 869 36 327 537 154 8
Production Helpers 873 31 8 4 6 1
Garbage Collectors 875 28 9 32 13 1
Stevedores 876 37 5 38 6 0
Stock Handlers and Baggers 877 23 120 31 50 48
Machine Feeders and Offbearers 878 37 16 5 4 8
Freight, Stock, and Material Handlers, n.e.c. 883 27 112 84 45 3
Garage and Service Station Related Occupations 885 21 30 29 8 3
Vehicle Washers and Equipment Cleaners 887 19 35 23 17 6
Hand Packers and Packagers 888 22 131 31 46 97
Laborers, Except Construction 889 24 300 645 161 213
Don't know 998 IAP 1 53 5 15
No answer 999 IAP 324 769 280 483
Not applicable (Unemployed, No father substitute, Not married, Disabled, Retired) IAP IAP 23328 28773 39474 40276
Appendix F
Punch N
2010
2010 Census Occupational Category Census Prestige R R's R's R's
Code Scores Father Spouse Mother
MANAGEMENT, PROFESSIONAL, AND RELATED OCCUPATIONS 0010-3540
Management, business, and financial operations occupations 0010-0950
Management occupations 0010-0430
Chief executives 10 9 15 11 4
General and operations managers 20 17 7 3 2
Legislators 30
Advertising and promotions managers 40 2 1
Marketing and sales managers 50 8 7 9 1
Public relations and fundraising managers 60 1
Administrative services managers 100 2 2 1 1
Computer and information systems managers 110 5 2 5
Financial managers 120 12 7 10 1
Compensation and benefits managers 135
Human resources managers 136 4 2 1 1
Training and development managers 137
Industrial production managers 140 4 6
Purchasing managers 150 2 1
Transportation, storage, and distribution managers 160 5 5 2 1
Farmers, ranchers, and other agricultural managers 205 5 113 3 3
Construction managers 220 7 23 13
Education administrators 230 15 7 5 5
Architectural and engineering managers 300 3 2
Food service managers 310 9 6 7 6
Funeral service managers 325 2 1
Gaming managers 330 1 2
Lodging managers 340 3 1 1
Medical and health services managers 350 9 4 7
Natural sciences managers 360 1
Postmasters and mail superintendents 400 3
Property, real estate, and community association managers 410 9 4 1 3
Social and community service managers 420 3 1 4 3
Emergency management directors 425
Managers, all other 430 38 48 25 11
Business and financial operations occupations 0500-0950
Agents and business managers of artists, performers,
and athletes 500 1
Buyers and purchasing agents, farm products 510 1 1
Wholesale and retail buyers, except farm products 520 2 2 2
Purchasing agents, except wholesale, retail, and farm products 530 2 5 1
Claims adjusters, appraisers, examiners, and investigators 540 7 2 1 3
Compliance officers 565 1 4 2
Cost estimators 600 1
Human resources workers 630 9 4 3 2
Compensation, benefits, and job analysis specialists 640
Training and development specialists 650 1 1
Logisticians 700 1 1
Management analysts 710 9 1 5
Meeting, convention, and event planners 725 1 1
Fundraisers 726 1
Market research analysts and marketing specialists 735 3 2
Business operations specialists, all other 740 1 1 1 3
Accountants and auditors 800 24 10 10 17
Appraisers and assessors of real estate 810 2 2
Budget analysts 820 1 1
Appendix F
Code Score R Father Spouse Mother

Credit analysts 830
Financial analysts 840 1
Personal financial advisors 850 2 2
Insurance underwriters 860 2 1
Financial examiners 900
Credit counselors and loan officers 910 2 1 1 2
Tax examiners and collectors, and revenue agents 930 1 1
Tax preparers 940 3 1
Financial specialists, all other 950 1
Professional and related occupations 1000-3540
Computer and mathematical occupations 1000–1240
Computer and information research scientists 1005
Computer systems analysts 1006 9 2 4 4
Information security analysts 1007
Computer programmers 1010 4 6 6 5
Software developers, applications and systems software 1020 16 1 6 1
Web developers 1030 3 2
Computer support specialists 1050 6 3
Database administrators 1060 3
Network and computer systems administrators 1105 2 1
Computer network architects 1106 1 2
Computer occupations, all other 1107 1 1 2 1
Actuaries 1200
Mathematicians 1210 1
Operations research analysts 1220 2 2 1
Statisticians 1230 1
Miscellaneous mathematical science occupations 1240
Architecture and engineering occupations 1300–1560

Architects, except naval 1300 3 3 1 1
Surveyors, cartographers, and photogrammetrists 1310 1 2 1
Aerospace engineers 1320 2 4 1
Agricultural engineers 1330
Biomedical engineers 1340
Chemical engineers 1350
Civil engineers 1360 3 10 5
Computer hardware engineers 1400 1 1 1 1
Electrical and electronics engineers 1410 6 11
Environmental engineers 1420 1 1 1
Industrial engineers, including health and safety 1430 5 4 2
Marine engineers and naval architects 1440
Materials engineers 1450 1 3
Mechanical engineers 1460 6 11 10
Mining and geological engineers, including mining safety engineers 1500 1
Nuclear engineers 1510
Petroleum engineers 1520 1
Engineers, all other 1530 2 8 1
Drafters 1540 1 2 1
Engineering technicians, except drafters 1550 2 4 1
Surveying and mapping technicians 1560 1
Life, physical, and social science occupations 1600–1965
Agricultural and food scientists 1600 2
Biological scientists 1610 2 3 1 1
Conservation scientists and foresters 1640 1 1 1
Medical scientists 1650 5 1
Life scientists, all other 1660
Astronomers and physicists 1700 1
Appendix F

Atmospheric and space scientists 1710
Chemists and materials scientists 1720 1 2 2
Environmental scientists and geoscientists 1740 2 1 2
Physical scientists, all other 1760 1 2 2
Economists 1800 1 2
Survey researchers 1815
Psychologists 1820 1 1 3
Sociologists 1830
Urban and regional planners 1840
Miscellaneous social scientists and related workers 1860 1
Agricultural and food science technicians 1900 1 1 1
Biological technicians 1910
Chemical technicians 1920 2 1 1
Geological and petroleum technicians 1930
Nuclear technicians 1940
Social science research assistants 1950
Miscellaneous life, physical, and social science technicians 1965 1 1
Community and social service occupations 2000–2060
Counselors 2000 10 4 5 5
Social workers 2010 11 1 3 5
Probation officers and correctional treatment specialists 2015 1 1
Social and human service assistants 2016 1 3
Miscellaneous community and social service specialists,
including health educators and community health workers 2025 2 1
Clergy 2040 4 16 3
Directors, religious activities and education 2050
Religious workers, all other 2060
Legal occupations 2100–2160
Lawyers 2100 7 8 10 2
Judicial law clerks 2105
Judges, magistrates, and other judicial workers 2110 1 1
Paralegals and legal assistants 2145 6 1 2 4
Miscellaneous legal support workers 2160 6 6
Education, training, and library occupations 2200–2550
Postsecondary teachers 2200 24 21 11 7
Preschool and kindergarten teachers 2300 12 4 8
Elementary and middle school teachers 2310 41 7 16 46
Special education teachers 2330 9 2 7
Other teachers and instructors 2340 7 3 1 4
Archivists, curators, and museum technicians 2400 2 2
Librarians 2430 2 2 5
Library technicians 2440
Teacher assistants 2540 19 6 10
Other education, training, and library workers 2550 1 4
Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations 2600–2960

Artists and related workers 2600 2 2 1
Designers 2630 6 1 4 7
Actors 2700
Producers and directors 2710 2
Athletes, coaches, umpires, and related workers 2720 2 2
Dancers and choreographers 2740
Musicians, singers, and related workers 2750 2 1 1 3
Entertainers and performers, sports and related workers, all other 2760 1
Announcers 2800 1 2
News analysts, reporters and correspondents 2810 1 1
Appendix F

Public relations specialists 2825 1 1 1
Editors 2830 5 1 1
Technical writers 2840 1 1 1
Writers and authors 2850 2 2
Miscellaneous media and communication workers 2860 2
Broadcast and sound engineering technicians and radio
operators 2900 3 2 1
Photographers 2910 3 1 1
Television, video, and motion picture camera operators and 2920 1 1
editors
Media and communication equipment workers, all other 2960
Healthcare practitioners and technical occupations 3000–3540
Chiropractors 3000
Dentists 3010 3 2
Dietitians and nutritionists 3030 3 8
Optometrists 3040 1 1 1
Pharmacists 3050 2 2 1 2
Physicians and surgeons 3060 7 22 9 5
Physician assistants 3110 3
Podiatrists 3120
Audiologists 3140
Occupational therapists 3150 2
Physical therapists 3160 2 3 1
Radiation therapists 3200
Recreational therapists 3210 1
Respiratory therapists 3220 2 1 2
Speech-language pathologists 3230 1 1
Exercise physiologists 3235
Therapists, all other 3245
Veterinarians 3250 2 1
Registered nurses 3255 46 3 8 44
Nurse anesthetists 3256
Nurse midwives 3257
Nurse practitioners 3258
Health diagnosing and treating practitioners, all other 3260
Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians 3300 6 2 2
Dental hygienists 3310 1 1
Diagnostic related technologists and technicians 3320 7 2 1
Emergency medical technicians and paramedics 3400 4 2
Health practitioner support technologists and technicians 3420 7 3 3
Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses 3500 3 1 11
Medical records and health information technicians 3510
Opticians, dispensing 3520 1
Miscellaneous health technologists and technicians 3535 2
Other healthcare practitioners and technical occupations 3540 2
SERVICE OCCUPATIONS 3600–4650

Healthcare support occupations 3600–3655
Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides 3600 43 1 6 36
Occupational therapy assistants and aides 3610
Physical therapist assistants and aides 3620 1
Massage therapists 3630 1 1
Dental assistants 3640 4 2
Medical assistants 3645 7 2 3
Medical transcriptionists 3646 1 1
Pharmacy aides 3647
Veterinary assistants and laboratory animal caretakers 3648
Appendix F

Phlebotomists 3649 5 1 1
Miscellaneous healthcare support occupations,
including medical equipment preparers 3655 5 1 1
Protective service occupations 3700–3955
First-line supervisors of correctional officers 3700 1 1
First-line supervisors of police and detectives 3710 1 2
First-line supervisors of fire fighting and prevention workers 3720
First-line supervisors of protective service workers, all other 3730 2
Firefighters 3740 5 12 2 1
Fire inspectors 3750
Bailiffs, correctional officers, and jailers 3800 3 3 3 2
Detectives and criminal investigators 3820 2 1 1
Fish and game wardens 3830
Parking enforcement workers 3840
Police and sheriff's patrol officers 3850 6 12 2
Transit and railroad police 3860
Animal control workers 3900
Private detectives and investigators 3910 3 1
Security guards and gaming surveillance officers 3930 9 7 7 2
Crossing guards 3940 2
Transportation security screeners 3945
Lifeguards and other recreational, and all other
protective service workers 3955 1 1
Food preparation and serving related occupations 4000–4160
Chefs and head cooks 4000 3 3 1 3
First-line supervisors of food preparation and serving workers 4010 11 4 3 8
Cooks 4020 27 7 8 34
Food preparation workers 4030 13 3
Bartenders 4040 6 4 1 7
Combined food preparation and serving workers, including
fast food 4050 9 4
Counter attendants, cafeteria, food concession, and
coffee shop 4060 2 4
Waiters and waitresses 4110 25 1 2 36
Food servers, nonrestaurant 4120 3 1 1
Dining room and cafeteria attendants and bartender helpers 4130 2 8
Dishwashers 4140 3 2
Hosts and hostesses, restaurant, lounge, and coffee shop 4150 3 1
Food preparation and serving related workers, all other 4160
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations 4200–4250
First-line supervisors of housekeeping and janitorial workers 4200 3 4 2 1
First-line supervisors of landscaping, lawn service, and
groundskeeping workers 4210 6 1 4
Janitors and building cleaners 4220 42 31 15 25
Maids and housekeeping cleaners 4230 31 2 11 74
Pest control workers 4240 1
Grounds maintenance workers 4250 23 9 6 2
Personal care and service occupations 4300–4650
First-line supervisors of gaming workers 4300
First-line supervisors of personal service workers 4320 2 2 22
Animal trainers 4340 1
Nonfarm animal caretakers 4350 1 2
Gaming services workers 4400 2 1
Motion picture projectionists 4410 1
Ushers, lobby attendants, and ticket takers 4420
Miscellaneous entertainment attendants and related workers 4430 3 2
Appendix F

Embalmers and funeral attendants 4460
Morticians, undertakers, and funeral directors 4465 1
Barbers 4500 3
Hairdressers, hairstylists, and cosmetologists 4510 15 1 10 23
Miscellaneous personal appearance workers 4520 2 1 1 1
Baggage porters, bellhops, and concierges 4530 4 1
Tour and travel guides 4540
Childcare workers 4600 27 3 24
Personal care aides 4610 15 1 4 4
Recreation and fitness workers 4620 5
Residential advisors 4640 1
Personal care and service workers, all other 4650 1 1
SALES AND OFFICE OCCUPATIONS 4700–5940

Sales and related occupations 4700–4965
First-line supervisors of retail sales workers 4700 32 39 11 31
First-line supervisors of non-retail sales workers 4710 7 6 4 5
Cashiers 4720 32 6 21
Counter and rental clerks 4740 1 1
Parts salespersons 4750 4 5
Retail salespersons 4760 35 19 17 53
Advertising sales agents 4800 3 1 3
Insurance sales agents 4810 10 15 5 5
Securities, commodities, and financial services sales agents 4820 2 1 1
Travel agents 4830 1 3 2
Sales representatives, services, all other 4840 3 1
Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing 4850 11 24 9 5
Models, demonstrators, and product promoters 4900 2
Real estate brokers and sales agents 4920 10 2 8 7
Sales engineers 4930 1
Telemarketers 4940 1 1 1
Door-to-door sales workers, news and street vendors, and
related workers 4950 1 5 3 1
Sales and related workers, all other 4965 5 3 3 4
Office and administrative support occupations 5000–5940

First-line supervisors of office and administrative support
workers 5000 23 5 5 12
Switchboard operators, including answering service 5010 3
Telephone operators 5020 13
Communications equipment operators, all other 5030 1
Bill and account collectors 5100 2 1 1
Billing and posting clerks 5110 7 1 1 2
Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks 5120 14 1 8 32
Gaming cage workers 5130
Payroll and timekeeping clerks 5140 3 1 3
Procurement clerks 5150 1
Tellers 5160 6 2 17
Financial clerks, all other 5165 1
Brokerage clerks 5200 1
Correspondence clerks 5210
Court, municipal, and license clerks 5220 1 3
Credit authorizers, checkers, and clerks 5230
Customer service representatives 5240 34 3 8 11
Eligibility interviewers, government programs 5250
File Clerks 5260 2
Hotel, motel, and resort desk clerks 5300 1
Appendix F

Interviewers, except eligibility and loan 5310 1 1 1 2
Library assistants, clerical 5320 1
Loan interviewers and clerks 5330 2 1
New accounts clerks 5340 1
Order clerks 5350 2
Human resources assistants, except payroll and timekeeping 5360 2
Receptionists and information clerks 5400 14 4 8
Reservation and transportation ticket agents and travel clerks 5410 1
Information and record clerks, all other 5420 1 2 2
Cargo and freight agents 5500
Couriers and messengers 5510 1 1
Dispatchers 5520 1 1 3
Meter readers, utilities 5530 1
Postal service clerks 5540 2 2 1 3
Postal service mail carriers 5550 4 11 2 1
Postal service mail sorters, processors, and processing
machine operators 5560
Production, planning, and expediting clerks 5600 5 3 1
Shipping, receiving, and traffic clerks 5610 8 6 3 4
Stock clerks and order fillers 5620 12 6 3 6
Weighers, measurers, checkers, and samplers, recordkeeping 5630 1 1
Secretaries and administrative assistants 5700 51 1 26 85
Computer operators 5800 1 1
Data entry keyers 5810 2 1 1
Word processors and typists 5820 1 2
Desktop publishers 5830
Insurance claims and policy processing clerks 5840 2 2 2
Mail clerks and mail machine operators, except postal service 5850 1
Office clerks, general 5860 15 2 8 17
Office machine operators, except computer 5900
Proofreaders and copy markers 5910
Statistical assistants 5920
Office and administrative support workers, all other 5940 10 1 2
NATURAL RESOURCES, CONSTRUCTION, AND MAINTENANCE

OCCUPATIONS 6000–7630
Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations 6000–6130
First-line supervisors of farming, fishing, and forestry workers 6005 3 1
Agricultural inspectors 6010
Animal breeders 6020
Graders and sorters, agricultural products 6040 1 1 4
Miscellaneous agricultural workers 6050 7 51 1 11
Fishers and related fishing workers 6100 1 1 1
Hunters and trappers 6110
Forest and conservation workers 6120 1
Logging workers 6130 2 6
Construction and extraction occupations 6200–6940
First-line supervisors of construction trades and extraction
workers 6200 5 20 5 1
Boilermakers 6210 1 1
Brickmasons, blockmasons, and stonemasons 6220 3 9 2 1
Carpenters 6230 8 30 5 1
Carpet, floor, and tile installers and finishers 6240 4 4
Cement masons, concrete finishers, and terrazzo workers 6250 2 2 1
Construction laborers 6260 26 55 12
Paving, surfacing, and tamping equipment operators 6300
Appendix F

Pile-driver operators 6310
Operating engineers and other construction equipment
operators 6320 4 8 4
Drywall installers, ceiling tile installers, and tapers 6330 3 5
Electricians 6355 7 16 4
Glaziers 6360 2
Insulation workers 6400 2
Painters, construction and maintenance 6420 4 11 3 1
Paperhangers 6430 2
Pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters 6440 9 12 3
Plasterers and stucco masons 6460
Reinforcing iron and rebar workers 6500 1
Roofers 6515 1 1 1
Sheet metal workers 6520 5
Structural iron and steel workers 6530 3 1 1
Solar photovoltaic installers 6540
Helpers, construction trades 6600 1
Construction and building inspectors 6660 1 1
Elevator installers and repairers 6700 1
Fence erectors 6710
Hazardous materials removal workers 6720 1
Highway maintenance workers 6730 1 2 1
Rail-track laying and maintenance equipment operators 6740 1 1
Septic tank servicers and sewer pipe cleaners 6750
Miscellaneous construction and related workers 6765 1 1
Derrick, rotary drill, and service unit operators, oil, gas, and
mining 6800 5
Earth drillers, except oil and gas 6820 1
Explosives workers, ordnance handling experts, and blasters 6830 2
Mining machine operators 6840 2 10 1
Roof bolters, mining 6910
Roustabouts, oil and gas 6920
Helpers—extraction workers 6930
Other extraction workers 6940 1
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations 7000–7630

First-line supervisors of mechanics, installers, and repairers 7000 1 6 2
Computer, automated teller, and office machine repairers 7010 5 3 1
Radio and telecommunications equipment installers and repairers 7020 2 2 2
Avionics technicians 7030
Electric motor, power tool, and related repairers 7040 2
Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation 7050
Electrical and electronics repairers, industrial and utility 7100
Electronic equipment installers and repairers, motor vehicles 7110 1
Electronic home entertainment equipment installers and repairers 7120 1 3
Security and fire alarm systems installers 7130 1 5
Aircraft mechanics and service technicians 7140 2 3 1
Automotive body and related repairers 7150 2 2
Automotive glass installers and repairers 7160
Automotive service technicians and mechanics 7200 8 22 7 1
Bus and truck mechanics and diesel engine specialists 7210 1 8 1
Heavy vehicle and mobile equipment service technicians and
mechanics 7220 2 9 1
Small engine mechanics 7240 1 1
Miscellaneous vehicle and mobile equipment mechanics, installers,
and repairers 7260 1 1 1
Control and valve installers and repairers 7300
Appendix F

Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics and installers 7315 5 6 5
Home appliance repairers 7320 1
Industrial and refractory machinery mechanics 7330 2 7 3
Maintenance and repair workers, general 7340 4 4 2
Maintenance workers, machinery 7350 1
Millwrights 7360 1 3
Electrical power-line installers and repairers 7410 2 4 1
Telecommunications line installers and repairers 7420 1
Precision instrument and equipment repairers 7430 1 1
Wind turbine service technicians 7440
Coin, vending, and amusement machine servicers and repairers 7510 1 1 1
Commercial divers 7520 1
Locksmiths and safe repairers 7540
Manufactured building and mobile home installers 7550
Riggers 7560
Signal and track switch repairers 7600
Helpers—installation, maintenance, and repair workers 7610
Other installation, maintenance, and repair workers 7630 3 2 2 2
PRODUCTION, TRANSPORTATION, AND MATERIAL MOVING
OCCUPATIONS 7700–9750
Production occupations 7700–8965
First-line supervisors of production and operating workers 7700 9 22 4 5
Aircraft structure, surfaces, rigging, and systems assemblers 7710 3
Electrical, electronics, and electromechanical assemblers 7720 4 1 6
Engine and other machine assemblers 7730 1 1
Structural metal fabricators and fitters 7740 3 5
Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators 7750 9 12 6 12
Bakers 7800 3 3 4
Butchers and other meat, poultry, and fish processing workers 7810 3 7 4 6
Food and tobacco roasting, baking, and drying machine operators
and tenders 7830 2 1
Food batchmakers 7840 1 2
Food cooking machine operators and tenders 7850
Food processing workers, all other 7855 2 2 3
Computer control programmers and operators 7900
Extruding and drawing machine setters, operators, and tenders,
metal and plastic 7920 2
Forging machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic 7930 2
Rolling machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic 7940 1 1
Cutting, punching, and press machine setters, operators, and tenders,
metal and plastic 7950 2 2
Drilling and boring machine tool setters, operators, and tenders,
metal and plastic 7960 2
Grinding, lapping, polishing, and buffing machine tool setters,
operators, and tenders, metal and plastic 8000 1 2 1
Lathe and turning machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal
and plastic 8010
Milling and planing machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal
and plastic 8020
Machinists 8030 5 21 1
Metal furnace operators, tenders, pourers, and casters 8040 2
Model makers and patternmakers, metal and plastic 8060
Molders and molding machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal
and plastic 8100 1 4 1 1
Multiple machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic 8120
Tool and die makers 8130 2 4
Welding, soldering, and brazing workers 8140 4 17 5 1
Appendix F

Heat treating equipment setters, operators, and tenders, metal and
plastic 8150 1
Layout workers, metal and plastic 8160
Plating and coating machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal
and plastic 8200 3 1 1
Tool grinders, filers, and sharpeners 8210 1
Metal workers and plastic workers, all other 8220 6 3 2
Prepress technicians and workers 8250 2 1 1
Printing press operators 8255 2 5 2 1
Print binding and finishing workers 8256
Laundry and dry-cleaning workers 8300 5 2 1 8
Pressers, textile, garment, and related materials 8310 1 2 6
Sewing machine operators 8320 6 1 1 37
Shoe and leather workers and repairers 8330 1 1
Shoe machine operators and tenders 8340 2 4
Tailors, dressmakers, and sewers 8350 2 1 14
Textile bleaching and dyeing machine operators and tenders 8360
Textile cutting machine setters, operators, and tenders 8400 1
Textile knitting and weaving machine setters, operators, and tenders 8410 1
Textile winding, twisting, and drawing out machine setters, operators,
and tenders 8420 1 4
Extruding and forming machine setters, operators, and tenders,
synthetic and glass fibers 8430
Fabric and apparel patternmakers 8440
Upholsterers 8450 1
Textile, apparel, and furnishings workers, all other 8460 1 3
Cabinetmakers and bench carpenters 8500
Furniture finishers 8510 2
Model makers and patternmakers, wood 8520
Sawing machine setters, operators, and tenders, wood 8530 2
Woodworking machine setters, operators, and tenders, except sawing 8540 2
Woodworkers, all other 8550
Power plant operators, distributors, and dispatchers 8600
Stationary engineers and boiler operators 8610 3 7 1
Water and wastewater treatment plant and system operators 8620 1 2
Miscellaneous plant and system operators 8630 1
Chemical processing machine setters, operators, and tenders 8640 1 1 1
Crushing, grinding, polishing, mixing, and blending workers 8650 3 1
Cutting workers 8710 1 1
Extruding, forming, pressing, and compacting machine setters, 8720 1 1
operators, and tenders

Furnace, kiln, oven, drier, and kettle operators and tenders 8730 2 1
Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers 8740 7 4 5 12
Jewelers and precious stone and metal workers 8750 2 1
Medical, dental, and ophthalmic laboratory technicians 8760 1 1
Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders 8800 4 2 1 13
Painting workers 8810 1 5 1 1
Photographic process workers and processing machine operators 8830 1 2 1
Semiconductor processors 8840
Adhesive bonding machine operators and tenders 8850
Cleaning, washing, and metal pickling equipment operators and 8860 1
tenders
Cooling and freezing equipment operators and tenders 8900
Etchers and engravers 8910
Appendix F

Molders, shapers, and casters, except metal and plastic 8920
Paper goods machine setters, operators, and tenders 8930 1 1 1
Tire builders 8940
Helpers—production workers 8950 1 1 1
Production workers, all other 8965 26 55 10 44
Transportation and material moving occupations 9000-9750
Supervisors of transportation and material moving workers 9000 2 1
Aircraft pilots and flight engineers 9030 1 4 2
Air traffic controllers and airfield operations specialists 9040 1
Flight attendants 9050
Ambulance drivers and attendants, except emergency medical 9110
technicians
Bus drivers 9120 6 4 4 5
Driver/sales workers and truck drivers 9130 38 57 27 5
Taxi drivers and chauffeurs 9140 5 3 1
Motor vehicle operators, all other 9150 1
Locomotive engineers and operators 9200 6 1
Railroad brake, signal, and switch operators 9230
Railroad conductors and yardmasters 9240 2 4
Subway, streetcar, and other rail transportation workers 9260 1 3
Sailors and marine oilers 9300
Ship and boat captains and operators 9310 1 2
Ship engineers 9330
Bridge and lock tenders 9340
Parking lot attendants 9350
Automotive and watercraft service attendants 9360 1 2 1
Transportation inspectors 9410
Transportation attendants, except flight attendants 9415
Other transportation workers 9420
Conveyor operators and tenders 9500
Crane and tower operators 9510 2 7
Dredge, excavating, and loading machine operators 9520 1 1
Hoist and winch operators 9560
Industrial truck and tractor operators 9600 4 7 3
Cleaners of vehicles and equipment 9610 4 2 1 3
Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand 9620 20 28 6 12
Machine feeders and offbearers 9630 1
Packers and packagers, hand 9640 6 2 5
Pumping station operators 9650 1 1
Refuse and recyclable material collectors 9720 2
Mine shuttle car operators 9730
Tank car, truck, and ship loaders 9740
Material moving workers, all other 9750 1 1
Military Specific Occupations 9800-9830
Military officer special and tactical operations leaders 9800 30 23 18 20
First-line enlisted military supervisors 9810 15 52 16 4
Military enlisted tactical operations and air/weapons specialists and 9820
crew members
Military, rank not specified 9830
No Answer 9999 25 44 28 47
Not applicable IAP 78 341 1121 600
Appendix G
APPENDIX G:
PRESTIGE SCORE AND SOCIOECONOMIC INDEX (SEI) DISTRIBUTIONS
(OCC, PRESTIGE, WRKSLF, WRKGOVT, COMMUTE, INDUSTRY, OCC80, PRESTG80, INDUS80, SPOCC, SPPRES,
SPWRKSLF, SPIND, SPOCC80, SPPRES80, SPIND80, PAOCC16, PAPRES16, PAWRKSLF, PAIND16, PAOCC80, PAPRES80,
PAIND80, MAOCC80, MAPRES80, MAWRKSLF, MAIND80, SEI, FIRSTSEI, PASEI, MASEI, SPEI)
Prestige
The prestige scores assigned to occupations in this study were taken from rating systems developed at NORC in
1963-1965 in a project on occupation prestige directed by Robert W. Hodge, Paul S. Siegel, and Peter H. Rossi and updated on the
1989 GSS. The 1989 update scale was prepared by Robert W. Hodge, Judith Treas, and Keiko Nakao. This concept of prestige is
defined as the respondents' estimation of the social standing of occupations. The prestige scores in the Hodge-Siegel-Rossi and GSS
studies were generated by asking respondents to estimate the social standing of occupations via a nine-step ladder, printed on
cardboard and presented to the respondent.
The boxes on the ladder were numbered 1-9 from bottom to top. In addition, the first, fifth, and ninth
boxes were labeled "bottom," "middle," and "top," respectively. The occupational titles were printed on
small cards and the occupational prestige ratings were collected by requesting respondents to sort the
cards into boxes formed by the rungs of the ladder. [P. 35.] 1
Significance testing between two prestige scores, or among a group of scores, requires knowledge about the standard
errors. Since there is a different standard error term for each pair of scores, Siegel has provided a few values which are likely to
exceed most actual standard errors. For more detail on standard error, sources of the prestige scores, and the method of translating the
respondents' rankings into a standardized metric system, see Siegel, Prestige in the American Occupational Structure.
1970
The prestige score was originally designed for use with the 1960 U.S. Census occupational codes and has been adapted
to the 1970 listing as follows:
1) If the occupation was a new one assigned to a previously existing subdivision (e.g., Engineers within the major category
"Professional, Technical, and Kindred Workers"), it received the prestige score for the general n.e.c. 2 category of that
subdivision.
2) If the occupation was grouped with a like occupation in 1960 but divided from it in 1970, both occupations received the
same 1960 prestige score.
3) If this occupation was completely new to the list and was not assigned to an existing subdivision, it received the prestige
score of the n.e.c. category for the major occupational division.
All adaptions are marked with a "*" next to the occupational classifications. (See Appendix F.)
4) The craft score was used for apprentices when the craft score was less than 41. If the craft score was greater than 41, the
apprentice score of 41 was used.
For an alternative means of assigning prestige codes to 1970 Census categories see Robert M. Hauser and David L. Featherman, The
Process of Stratification: Trends and Analysis. New York: Academic Press, 1977.
1
Paul S. Siegel, Prestige in the American Occupational Structure. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Sociology,
University of Chicago. March, 1971. (Available from Photoduplication Department, University of Chicago Libraries, Chicago,
60637.)
2
Not elsewhere classified.
Appendix G
1980
In 1989 General Social Survey replicated and extended the earlier Hodge-Siegel-Rossi ratings of occupational prestige.
The prestige module was designed by the late Robert W. Hodge, Judith Treas and Keiko Nakao in consultation with Smith and Davis.
Hodge died in February, 1989 during data collection. Analysis of the data and construction of the NORC/GSS Occupational Prestige
Scale was carried out by Nakao and Treas. Their work was supported by NSF. The GSS Board of Overseers Sub-Committee on
Occupational Prestige provided advice and guidance to both sets of PIs. Committee members included Richard Campbell, Robert
Hauser, Patricia Roos, Paul Siegel, Joe Spaeth, and Andrea Tyree.
The occupational prestige module and the NORC/GSS Occupational Prestige Scale are discussed in detail in GSS
Methodological Reports No. 69 and 70. 3 The NORC/GSS Occupational Prestige scores for the 1980 Census Occupational
Classification are given in Appendix F. A machine-readable file that lists prestige score, occupational code, and title of occupational
categories is available from ICPSR. A raw data file and SPSS-X control cards that contain the raw prestige ratings that respondents
assigned to occupational titles (and not the summary prestige scores for the 1980 Census Occupational Classification) is also available
from ICPSR. This file is called "Ratings of Occupational Prestige on the 1989 General Social Survey."
SEI
SEI scores were originally calculated by Otis Dudley Duncan based on NORC's 1947 North-Hatt prestige study and the
1950 U.S. Census. Duncan regressed prestige scores for 45 occupational titles on education and income to produce weights that would
predict prestige. This algorithm was then used to calculate SEI scores for all occupational categories employed in the 1950 Census
classification of occupations. Similar procedures have been used to produce SEI scores based on later NORC prestige studies and
censuses.
The GSS contains two sets of SEI scores. Both used procedures similar to those employed by Duncan. For cases coded
according to the 1970 US Census codes there are SEI scores developed by Lloyd V. Temme (See Appendix G). These exist for
respondent (DOTPRES), spouse (SPDOTPRE), and father (PADOTPRE). For cases coded according to the 1980 US Census codes
there are SEI scores developed by Nakao and Treas as part of the GSS's 1989 occupational prestige study (see above). These exist for
respondent (SEI), respondent’s first occupation (FIRSTSEI), father (PASEI), mother (MASEI), and spouse (SPSEI). These scores are
discussed in GSS Methodological Report No. 74. 4
3
Nakao, Keiko; Hodge, Robert W.; and Treas, Judith, "On Revising Prestige Scores for All Occupations," GSS Methodological
Report No. 69. Chicago: NORC, 1990 and Nakao, Keiko and Treas, Judith, "Computing 1989 Occupational Prestige Scores," GSS
Methodological Report No. 70. Chicago: NORC, 1990.
4
Nakao, Keiko and Treas, Judith, "The 1989 Socioeconomic Index of Occupations: Construction from the 1989 Occupational
Prestige Scores," GSS Methodological Report No. 74. Chicago: NORC, 1992.
Appendix G
1970 OCCUPATIONAL PRESTIGE SCORE DISTRIBUTIONS
Prestige Score Respondent's Father's Spouse's

(Punch) Occupation Occupation Occupation
(N) (N) (N)
9 0 2 0
12 216 52 78
13 0 0 0
14 147 15 43
15 130 16 51
16 256 205 179
17 699 1100 387
18 634 540 259
19 253 90 132
20 536 72 237
21 7 7 2
22 447 196 190
23 336 184 185
24 35 54 17
25 640 74 304
26 544 811 294
27 361 220 207
28 194 320 147
29 584 384 337
30 201 252 124
31 519 166 251
32 1169 1509 820
33 531 571 382
34 979 648 627
35 209 300 141
36 1875 617 934
37 389 520 307
38 108 174 69
39 493 390 306
40 657 958 446
41 874 4445 552
42 294 215 170
43 265 101 130
44 195 262 129
45 621 706 473
46 1245 34 713
47 632 586 468
48 954 606 612
49 208 234 110
50 1913 2476 1396
51 401 218 229
52 149 31 83
53 13 12 8
54 70 58 47
55 75 24 47
56 208 114 122
57 307 193 193
58 51 44 26
59 0 0 0
60 683 149 427
61 346 172 169
Appendix G
Prestige Score Respondent's Father's Spouse's

(Punch) Occupation Occupation Occupation
(N) (N) (N)
62 422 109 249
63 322 74 165
64 0 0 0
65 1 1 2
66 14 4 5
67 71 67 48
68 67 85 49
69 152 309 118
70 11 11 12
71 58 69 33
72 137 91 84
73 0 0 0
74 29 45 20
75 0 0 0
76 101 102 74
77 0 0 0
78 176 94 96
79 0 0 0
80 0 0 0
81 0 0 0
82 53 112 49
(Not applicable: 30820 32787 40523
Unemployed, No father
substitute, Not married,
Disabled, Retired,
No answer, Don't know)
Appendix G
1980 OCCUPATIONAL PRESTIGE SCORE DISTRIBUTIONS
Prestige Score Respondent's Father's Spouse's Mother's

(Punch) Occupation Occupation Occupation Occupation
(N) (N) (N) (N)
17 160 11 42 148
19 51 32 24 14
20 200 13 66 210
21 152 49 50 41
22 807 397 316 368
23 590 522 185 744
24 456 758 232 261
25 261 69 88 150
26 43 58 27 19
27 311 179 136 35
28 876 234 296 963
29 1004 207 348 464
30 1156 1475 629 303
31 808 409 328 519
32 1073 476 461 658
33 657 542 310 429
34 848 685 366 350
35 828 893 438 507
36 1404 1141 655 713
37 167 153 78 26
38 263 176 117 51
39 903 855 436 144
40 962 3620 506 288
41 372 235 141 65
42 1325 839 536 650
43 533 351 311 261
44 919 1133 524 281
45 441 569 263 88
46 1187 96 601 1153
47 1267 1177 681 577
48 364 202 167 71
49 905 929 475 234
50 364 401 225 37
51 2687 2467 1534 616
52 433 80 179 165
53 232 228 128 20
54 296 344 182 74
55 127 20 72 81
56 62 16 33 45
57 280 23 113 79
58 95 29 47 18
59 303 185 180 56
60 539 304 269 212
61 376 167 176 64
62 119 78 69 12
63 144 59 71 15
64 1081 653 638 678
65 455 291 205 174
66 955 215 475 932
67 7 10 8 2
68 134 51 63 44
69 341 397 185 53
70 13 22 9 2
71 92 96 40 5
72 56 122 41 7
73 131 179 78 27
74 528 223 265 73
75 176 168 115 12
86 115 179 91 25
(Not applicable:
Unemployed,
No father/mother
substitute,
Not married,
Disabled, Re-
tired, No
answer, and
Don't know) 23653 29595 39763 40774
Appendix H
APPENDIX H:
INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATIONS DISTRIBUTIONS
(OCC, PRESTIGE, WRKSLF, WRKGOVT, COMMUTE, INDUSTRY, OCC80, PRESTG80, INDUS80, OCC10, INDUS10,
SPOCC, SPWRKSLF, SPIND, SPOCC80, SPPRES80, SPIND80, SPOCC10, SPIND10,
PAOCC16, PAPRES16, PAWRKSLF, PAIND16, PAOCC80, PAPRES80, PAIND80, PAOCC10, PAIND10,
MAOCC80, MAPRES80, MAWRKSLF, MAIND80, MAOCC10, MAIND10)
This appendix contains three three-digit industrial classifications. The U.S. Bureau of the Census has assigned a three-digit
number code to each occupation. The listing of codes pertinent to this study was taken from an index of approximately 19,000
industry titles. These codes appear under the column headed "Punch, Industry Code." For further detail, see U.S. Bureau of the
Census, 1970 Census of Population, Classified Index of Industries and Occupations, Washington, U.S. Government Printing Office,
1971; U.S. Bureau of the Census, 1980 Census of Population, Classified Index of Industries and Occupations, Washington, U.S.
Government Printing Office, 1981; and 2007 NAICS/Census Industrial Classification Codes used for 2012.
Appendix H
Punch N
1970 INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION Industry
Code Respondent R's Father R's Spouse
AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY, AND FISHERIES
Agricultural production A(017) 594 4552 391
Agricultural services, except horticultural 018 77 105 44
Horticultural services 019 50 57 43
Forestry 027 24 23 11
Fisheries 028 12 32 4
MINING
Metal mining 047 56 173 40
Coal mining 048 116 570 114
Crude petroleum and natural gas extractions 049 81 113 74
Nonmetallic mining and quarrying, except fuel 057 23 45 15
CONSTRUCTION
General building contractors 067 434 875 315
General contractors, except building 068 177 315 144
Special trade contractors B(069) 647 955 433
Not specified construction 077 82 96 31
MANUFACTURING
Durable goods
Lumber and wood products, except furniture
Logging 107 34 105 27
Sawmills, planing mills, and mill work 108 68 249 44
Miscellaneous wood products 109 31 39 28
Furniture fixtures 118 132 126 72
Stone, clay, and glass products
Glass and glass products 119 65 74 45
Cement concrete, gypsum, and plaster products 127 34 66 27
Structural clay products 128 16 35 12
Pottery and related products 137 20 27 13
Miscellaneous nonmetallic mineral and stone products 138 27 30 19
Metal industries
Blast furnaces, steel works, rolling and finishing mills 139 174 429 125
Other primary iron and steel industries 147 85 151 60
Primary aluminum industries 148 41 57 28
Other primary nonferrous industries 149 30 62 20
Cutlery, hand tools, and other hardware 157 45 45 37
Fabricated structural metal products 158 121 110 67
Screw machine products 159 10 15 9
Metal stamping 167 19 21 10
Miscellaneous fabricated metal products 168 104 105 71
Not specified metal industries 169 18 24 13
Machinery, except electrical
Engines and turbines 177 32 29 16
Farm machinery and equipment 178 41 75 28
Construction and material handling machines 179 67 54 38
Metalworking machinery 187 59 68 38
Office and accounting machines 188 40 17 19
Electronic computing equipment 189 109 33 58
Machinery, except electrical, n.e.c. 197 191 170 123
Not specified machinery 198 26 35 19
Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies

Household appliances 199 58 55 27
Radio, T.V., and communication equipment 207 91 50 56
Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies, n.e.c. 208 219 99 151
Not specified electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies 209 61 42 46
Appendix H

Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and motor vehicle equipment 219 348 456 285
Aircraft and parts 227 185 176 113
Ship and boat building and repairing 228 50 115 34
Railroad locomotives and equipment 229 11 26 9
Mobile dwellings and campers 237 23 11 10
Cycles and miscellaneous transportation equipment 238 9 7 3
Professional and photographic equipment, and watches

Scientific and controlling instruments 239 36 21 18
Optical and health services supplies 247 76 20 32
Photographic equipment and supplies 248 46 26 35
Watches, clocks, and clockwork-operated devices 249 19 20 6
Not specified professional equipment 257 1 2 1
Ordinance 258 40 50 33
Miscellaneous manufacturing industries 259 207 138 123
Nondurable goods
Food and kindred products
Meat products 268 106 113 77
Dairy products 269 45 111 25
Canning and preserving fruits, vegetables, and sea foods 278 78 37 45
Grain-mill products 279 23 56 20
Bakery products 287 47 60 28
Confectionery and related products 288 16 24 19
Beverage industries 289 64 78 37
Miscellaneous food preparation and kindred products 297 75 53 39
Not specified food industries 298 16 13 10
Tobacco manufactures 299 21 25 9
Textile mill products
Knitting mills 307 74 28 38
Dyeing and finishing textiles, except wool and knit goods 308 10 21 4
Floor coverings, except hard surface 309 8 10 4
Yarn, thread, and fabric mills 317 146 141 83
Miscellaneous textile mill products 318 48 38 28
Apparel and other fabricated textile products

Apparel and accessories C(319) 473 129 260
Miscellaneous fabricated textile products 327 35 11 21
Paper and allied products

Pulp, paper and paperboard mills 328 51 90 30
Miscellaneous paper and pulp products 329 61 49 31
Paperboard containers and boxes 337 57 32 36
Printing, publishing, and allied industries
Newspaper publishing and printing 338 106 100 68
Printing, publishing, and allied industries, except newspapers 339 246 126 156
Chemicals and allied products
Industrial chemicals 347 59 48 42
Plastics, synthetics and resins, except fibers 348 40 28 21
Synthetic fibers 349 14 9 7
Drugs and medicines 357 61 26 36
Soaps and cosmetics 358 41 18 23
Paints, varnishes, and related products 359 24 27 13
Agricultural chemicals 367 11 14 6
Miscellaneous chemicals 368 19 42 25
Not specified chemicals and allied products 369 49 54 55
Petroleum and coal products
Petroleum refining 377 58 65 44
Miscellaneous petroleum and coal products 378 8 14 10
Rubber and miscellaneous plastic products
Rubber products 379 91 97 62
Miscellaneous plastic products 387 51 15 41
Appendix H

Leather and leather products
Tanned, curried, and finished leather 388 2 18 6
Footwear, except rubber 389 55 59 27
Leather products, except footwear 397 14 16 8
Not specified manufacturing industries 398 37 66 26
TRANSPORTATION, COMMUNICATIONS, AND OTHER PUBLIC UTILITIES

Transportation
Railroads and railway express D(407) 176 743 127
Street railways and bus lines 408 61 108 54
Taxicab service 409 28 50 14
Trucking service 417 244 391 221
Warehousing and storage 418 41 40 32
Water transportation 419 41 102 22
Air transportation 427 82 59 66
Pipe lines, except natural gas 428 5 8 2
Services incidental to transportation 429 45 24 27
Communications
Radio broadcasting and television 447 62 32 31
Telephone (wire and radio) 448 330 113 169
Telegraph and miscellaneous communication services 449 40 20 23
Utilities and sanitary services

Electric light and power 467 133 140 98
Electric-gas utilities 468 33 47 22
Gas and steam supply systems 469 33 49 21
Water supply 477 30 56 27
Sanitary services 478 57 52 24
Other and not specified utilities 479 27 17 18
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE

Wholesale trade
Motor vehicles and equipment 507 32 21 24
Drugs, chemicals, and allied products 508 31 20 23
Dry goods and apparel 509 18 24 13
Food and related products 527 166 167 110
Farm products-raw materials 528 25 39 21
Electrical goods 529 30 20 21
Hardware, plumbing, and heating supplies 537 26 39 29
Not specified electrical and hardware products 538 9 5 6
Machinery equipment and supplies 539 70 53 59
Metals and minerals, n.e.c. 557 5 12 3
Petroleum products 558 27 47 22
Scrap and waste materials 559 27 40 12
Alcoholic beverages 567 13 27 14
Paper and its products 568 23 12 9
Lumber and construction materials 569 33 39 30
Wholesalers, n.e.c. 587 91 54 40
Not specified wholesale trade 588 27 13 13
Retail trade
Lumber and building material retailing 607 51 78 51
Hardware and farm equipment stores 608 49 69 48
Department and mail order establishments E(609) 502 90 285
Limited price variety stores 617 55 12 37
Vending machine operators 618 11 3 4
Direct selling establishments 619 66 26 34
Misc. general merchandise stores 627 67 57 38
Grocery stores F(628) 440 315 251
Dairy product stores 629 8 3 5
Retail bakeries 637 37 54 20
Food stores, n.e.c. 638 39 65 35
Appendix H

Motor vehicle dealers 639 145 183 111
Tire, battery, and accessory dealers 647 49 36 33
Gasoline service stations 648 104 100 71
Miscellaneous vehicle dealers 649 18 8 14
Apparel and accessories stores, except shoe stores 657 204 75 106
Shoe stores 658 23 27 11
Furniture and home furnishing stores 667 89 88 74
Household appliances, TV, and radio stores 668 55 53 36
Eating and drinking places G(669) 1098 245 456
Drug stores 677 99 49 62
Liquor stores 678 23 10 12
Farm and garden supply stores 679 19 17 7
Jewelry stores 687 24 29 23
Fuel and ice dealers 688 18 49 16
Retail florists 689 32 13 11
Miscellaneous retail stores 697 217 71 129
Not specified retail trade 698 46 17 29
FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND REAL ESTATE

Banking 707 437 105 269
Credit agencies 708 90 23 50
Security, commodity brokerage, and investment companies 709 88 38 45
Insurance 717 501 229 344
Real estate, incl. real estate-insurance-law offices 718 307 179 176
BUSINESS AND REPAIR SERVICES

Advertising 727 56 31 25
Services to dwellings and other buildings 728 74 31 37
Commercial research, development, and testing labs 729 27 11 19
Employment and temporary help agencies 737 53 4 24
Business management and consulting services 738 79 17 41
Computer programming services 739 56 8 29
Detective and protective services 747 35 8 25
Business services, n.e.c. 748 188 40 88
Automobile services, except repair 749 38 15 26
Automobile repair and related services 757 142 219 114
Electrical repair shops 758 26 24 23
Miscellaneous repair services 759 84 106 48
PERSONAL SERVICES
Private households H(769) 594 60 173
Hotels and motels 777 212 65 72
Lodging places, except hotels and motels 778 56 7 39
Laundering, cleaning, and other garment services 779 153 96 78
Beauty shops 787 198 3 113
Barber shops 788 27 101 19
Shoe repair shops 789 5 19 2
Dressmaking shops 797 8 3 3
Miscellaneous personal services 798 115 49 52
ENTERTAINMENT AND RECREATION SERVICES

Theaters and motion pictures 807 69 35 31
Bowling alleys, billiard and pool parlors 808 18 8 6
Miscellaneous entertainment and recreation services 809 163 61 74
PROFESSIONAL AND RELATED SERVICES

Offices of physicians 828 174 101 110
Offices of dentists 829 107 40 64
Offices of chiropractors 837 11 8 11
Hospitals J(838) 1128 123 588
Convalescent institutions 839 324 9 151
Offices of health practitioners,n.e.c. 847 18 6 15
Health services, n.e.c. 848 196 23 89
Appendix H

Legal services 849 163 84 103
Elementary and secondary schools K(857) 1559 297 945
Colleges and universities 858 476 136 217
Libraries 859 36 0 23
Educational services, n.e.c. 867 90 8 47
Not specified educational services 868 9 1 4
Museums, art galleries, and zoos 869 14 7 3
Religious organizations 877 135 176 80
Welfare services 878 134 12 67
Residential welfare facilities 879 24 2 9
Nonprofit membership organizations 887 104 43 52
Engineering and architectural services 888 100 65 56
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping services 889 82 26 49
Miscellaneous professional and related services 897 82 32 42
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
Postal service 907 179 235 122
Federal public administration L(917) 735 688 472
State public administration 927 280 140 161
Local public administration M(937) 507 458 297
Not Applicable and No Answer IAP 30880 32810 40582
Appendix H
Punch N
1980 INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION Industry
Code Respondent R's Father R's Spouse R's Mother
AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY, AND FISHERIES

Agricultural production, crops 010 208 1,925 90 207
Agricultural production, livestock 011 195 1,420 113 55
Agricultural services, except horticultural 020 96 98 52 21
Horticultural services 021 148 101 68 8
Forestry 030 19 26 13 6
Fishing, hunting, and trapping, etc. 031 27 62 15 3
MINING
Metal mining 040 12 59 5 2
Coal mining 041 21 250 15 4
Crude petroleum and natural gas extraction 042 72 139 44 9
Nonmetallic mining and quarrying, except fuel 050 23 65 22 0
CONSTRUCTION 060 1,853 2,846 1,046 116
MANUFACTURING
NONDURABLE GOODS
Food and kindred products
Meat products 100 110 140 46 70
Dairy products 101 47 114 33 25
Canned and preserved fruits and vegetables 102 56 37 22 79
Grain mill products 110 22 52 24 5
Bakery products 111 57 93 38 37
Sugar and confectionery products 112 29 40 12 27
Beverage industries 120 64 77 38 20
Miscellaneous food preparations and kindred products 121 48 51 15 30
Not specified food industries 122 36 28 20 18
Tobacco manufactures 130 18 23 8 27
Textile mill products

Knitting mills 132 45 25 15 47
Dyeing and finishing textiles, except wool and knit goods 140 7 7 5 2
Floor coverings, except hard surface 141 8 13 4 10
Yarn, thread, and fabric mills 142 96 171 36 138
Miscellaneous textile mill products 150 31 35 25 34
Apparel and other finished textile products

Apparel and accessories, except knit 151 270 111 124 497
Miscellaneous fabricated textile products 152 41 22 21 43
Paper and allied products

Pulp, paper, and paperboard mills 160 73 155 44 25
Miscellaneous paper and pulp products 161 51 35 31 16
Paperboard containers and boxes 162 44 47 19 19
Printing, publishing, and allied industries

Newspaper publishing and printing 171 128 107 58 70
Printing, publishing, and allied industries, except newspapers 172 301 172 136 100
Chemicals and allied products

Plastics, synthetics, and resins 180 57 49 25 20
Drugs 181 101 51 55 26
Soaps and cosmetics 182 36 26 23 23
Paints, varnishes, and related products 185 8 9 10 3

Agricultural chemicals 190 11 9 11 5
Appendix H

Industrial and miscellaneous chemicals 191 13 17 7 4
Petroleum and coal products 192 137 208 99 26

Petroleum refining 200 78 154 74 17
Miscellaneous petroleum and coal products 201 5 10 2 1
Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products

Tires and inner tubes 210 20 53 10 9
Other rubber products, and plastics footwear and belting 211 33 32 19 14
Miscellaneous plastics products 212 118 53 61 50
Leather and leather products

Leather tanning and finishing 220 4 13 0 1
Footwear, except rubber and plastic 221 41 54 16 79
Leather products, except footwear 222 17 13 3 9
DURABLE GOODS
Lumber and wood products, except furniture
Logging 230 32 131 19 3
Sawmills, planning mills, and millwork 231 92 233 44 18
Wood buildings and mobile homes 232 3 9 6 1
Miscellaneous wood products 241 28 34 15 7
Furniture and fixtures 242 150 160 72 73
Stone, clay, glass, and concrete products

Glass and glass products 250 51 76 31 43
Cement, concrete, gypsum, and plaster products 251 48 75 26 3
Structural clay products 252 13 20 12 2
Pottery and related products 261 14 17 5 3
Miscellaneous nonmetallic mineral and stone products 262 25 45 17 3
Metal industries
Blast furnaces, steelworks, rolling and finishing mills 270 97 391 71 22
Iron and steel foundries 271 47 182 26 7
Primary aluminum industries 272 39 74 17 4
Other primary metal industries 280 36 57 29 12
Cutlery, hand tools, and other hardware 281 23 28 18 19
Fabricated structural metal products 282 89 89 34 13
Screw machine products 290 10 12 5 6
Metal forgings and stampings 291 17 33 8 5
Ordnance 292 28 55 12 25
Miscellaneous fabricated metal products 300 58 60 40 10
Not specified metal industries 301 16 21 8 3
Machinery, except electrical

Engines and turbines 310 22 25 12 0
Farm machinery and equipment 311 25 62 9 7
Construction and material handling machines 312 56 79 37 8
Metalworking machinery 320 52 110 36 11
Office and accounting machines 321 8 20 7 4
Electronic computing equipment 322 155 82 84 36
Machinery, except electrical, n.e.c. 331 185 238 113 36
Not specified machinery 332 6 32 8 2
Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies

Household appliances 340 49 56 18 24
Radio, TV, and communication equipment 341 94 43 46 58
Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies, n.e.c. 342 212 149 109 108
Not specified electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies 350 64 48 30 38
Appendix H

Transportation equipment
Motor vehicles and motor vehicle equipment 351 389 589 242 111
Aircraft and parts 352 139 197 104 58
Ship and boat building and repairing 360 44 116 25 11
Railroad locomotives and equipment 361 6 28 2 0
Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts 362 66 80 35 6
Cycles and miscellaneous transportation equipment 370 14 8 7 1
Professional and photographic equipment, and watches

Scientific and controlling instruments 371 27 24 11 12
Optical and health services supplies 372 92 38 47 25
Photographic equipment and supplies 380 35 39 22 9
Watches, clocks, and clockwork operated devices 381 12 8 3 1
Not specified professional equipment 382 1 0 0 0
Toys, amusement, and sporting goods 390 34 19 14 24
Miscellaneous manufacturing industries 391 137 104 66 62
Not specified manufacturing industries 392 122 173 71 83
TRANSPORTATION, COMMUNICATIONS, AND OTHER PUBLIC UTILITIES

Transportation
Railroads 400 128 599 70 20
Bus service and urban transit 401 153 152 60 41
Taxicab service 402 22 55 11 9
Trucking service 410 502 594 301 43
Warehousing and storage 411 95 61 43 14
U.S. Postal Service 412 211 300 103 94
Water transportation 420 34 90 16 5
Air transportation 421 171 127 91 33
Pipe lines, except natural gas 422 0 5 2 0
Services incidental to transportation 432 109 39 51 32
Communications
Radio and television broadcasting 440 80 30 42 23
Telephone (wire and radio) 441 335 208 151 153
Telegraph and miscellaneous communication service 442 84 25 41 8
Utilities and sanitary services

Electric light and power 460 167 254 104 22
Gas and steam supply systems 461 36 61 27 9
Electric and gas, and other combinations 462 23 40 16 4
Water supply and irrigation 470 52 71 31 6
Sanitary services 471 74 110 60 5
Not specified utilities 472 26 29 10 7
WHOLESALE TRADE
Durable Goods
Motor vehicles and equipment 500 52 27 22 6
Furniture and home furnishings 501 15 15 12 4
Lumber and construction materials 502 41 59 20 2
Sporting goods, toys, and hobby goods 510 9 4 10 5
Metals and minerals, except petroleum 511 8 8 3 0
Electrical goods 512 50 31 28 8
Hardware, plumbing and heating supplies 521 49 47 31 6
Not specified electrical and hardware products 522 7 2 2 0
Machinery, equipment, and supplies 530 116 109 61 19
Scrap and waste materials 531 39 24 18 3
Miscellaneous wholesale, durable goods 532 23 12 10 5
Nondurable Goods
Paper and paper products 540 17 16 9 4
Drugs, chemicals, and allied products 541 30 19 19 8
Appendix H

Apparel, fabrics, and notions 542 22 21 10 12
Groceries and related products 550 140 147 90 46
Farm products-raw materials 551 22 30 13 12
Petroleum products 552 47 74 20 16
Alcoholic beverages 560 28 19 9 2
Farm supplies 561 18 35 14 7
Miscellaneous wholesale, nondurable goods 562 36 19 11 5
Not specified wholesale trade 571 55 33 19 6
RETAIL TRADE
Lumber and building material retailing 580 82 96 57 21
Hardware stores 581 52 53 30 15
Retail nurseries and garden stores 582 16 7 6 8
Mobile home dealers 590 10 5 1 1
Department stores 591 546 112 207 429
Variety stores 592 32 8 18 28
Miscellaneous general merchandise stores 600 47 17 30 30
Grocery stores 601 569 330 231 328
Dairy products stores 602 2 2 2 1
Retail bakeries 610 45 38 9 54
Food stores, n.e.c. 611 27 55 19 36
Motor vehicle dealers 612 210 278 109 36
Auto and home supply stores 620 88 69 41 12
Gasoline service stations 621 116 149 46 31
Miscellaneous vehicle dealers 622 26 12 10 1
Apparel and accessory stores, except shoe 630 220 73 84 152
Shoe stores 631 28 20 16 13
Furniture and home furnishings stores 632 104 93 73 34
Household appliances, TV, and radio stores 640 108 64 40 22
Eating and drinking places 641 1,544 329 440 946
Drug stores 642 159 57 61 70
Liquor stores 650 24 19 12 14
Sporting goods, bicycles, and hobby stores 651 68 12 21 24
Book and stationery stores 652 49 14 21 17
Jewelry stores 660 41 26 26 36
Sewing, needlework, and piece goods stores 661 18 9 9 24
Mail order houses 662 26 1 6 8
Vending machine operators 670 3 13 6 4
Direct selling establishments 671 57 24 21 56
Fuel and ice dealers 672 13 31 8 6
Retail florists 681 49 11 19 36
Miscellaneous retail stores 682 229 61 126 73
Not specified retail trade 691 113 50 45 81
FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND REAL ESTATE

Banking 700 518 156 283 265
Savings and loan associations 701 16 8 5 11
Credit agencies, n.e.c. 702 167 26 85 36
Security, commodity brokerage, and investment companies 710 182 65 93 16
Insurance 711 504 305 299 179
Real estate, including real estate-insurance-law offices 712 556 204 261 190
BUSINESS AND REPAIR SERVICES

Advertising 721 87 32 48 19
Services to dwellings and other buildings 722 158 63 87 105
Commercial research, development, and testing labs 730 55 16 35 9
Personnel supply services 731 170 6 66 41
Business management and consulting services 732 197 17 71 10
Computer and data processing services 740 278 69 171 36
Detective and protective services 741 71 26 37 14
Business services, n.e.c. 742 312 60 132 84
Appendix H

Automotive services, except repair 750 63 25 33 7
Automotive repair shops 751 246 372 121 15
Electrical repair shops 752 46 61 26 7
Miscellaneous repair services 760 90 110 44 14
PERSONAL SERVICES
Private households 761 486 29 147 705
Hotels and motels 762 311 81 115 191
Lodging places, except hotels and motels 770 52 7 43 59
Laundry, cleaning, and garment services 771 135 93 46 129
Beauty shops 772 237 14 100 196
Barber shops 780 18 68 9 4
Funeral service and crematories 781 17 22 9 11
Shoe repair shops 782 7 18 1 0
Dressmaking shops 790 10 1 7 69
Miscellaneous personal services 791 94 13 35 26
ENTERTAINMENT AND RECREATION SERVICES

Theaters and motion pictures 800 166 55 61 27
Bowling alleys, billiard and pool parlors 801 17 8 3 9
Miscellaneous entertainment and recreation services 802 286 83 121 58
PROFESSIONAL AND RELATED SERVICES

Offices of physicians 812 278 115 172 168
Offices of dentists 820 139 56 85 89
Offices of chiropractors 821 28 10 21 5
Offices of optometrists 822 20 11 15 9
Offices of health practitioners, n.e.c. 830 45 4 15 22
Hospitals 831 1,384 227 661 1,164
Nursing and personal care facilities 832 632 24 199 447
Health services, n.e.c. 840 473 32 166 132
Legal services 841 322 134 159 108
Elementary and secondary schools 842 2,060 587 1,066 1,678
Colleges and universities 850 795 281 319 232
Business, trade, and vocational schools 851 35 5 12 6
Libraries 852 62 6 21 28
Educational services, n.e.c. 860 80 11 40 33
Job training and vocational rehabilitation services 861 31 4 13 10
Child day care services 862 251 1 104 132
Residential care facilities, without nursing 870 94 12 34 34
Social services, n.e.c. 871 326 38 113 123
Museums, art galleries and zoos 872 37 11 16 6
Religious organizations 880 200 216 124 73
Membership organizations 881 109 57 51 33
Engineering, architectural, and surveying services 882 221 141 115 25
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping services 890 152 71 85 59
Noncommercial educational and scientific research 891 64 32 25 12
Miscellaneous professional and related services 892 101 22 39 19
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
Executive and legislative offices 900 27 37 18 21
General government, n.e.c. 901 410 388 222 180
Justice, public order, and safety 910 550 451 274 112
Public finance, taxation, and monetary policy 921 85 57 55 40
Administration of human resources programs 922 172 50 67 69
Administration of environmental quality and household programs 930 108 70 48 18
Administration of economic programs 931 128 96 72 31
National security and international affairs 932 509 847 327 123
Don't know 998 1 37 8 7
No answer 990, 999 531 843 391 598
Not applicable IAP 23,339 28,794 39,487 40,277
Appendix H
Punch
N's
Industry Respon- R's R's R's
Industrial Classification (2007 NAICS/Census Codes) Code dent Father Spouse Mother
AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY, FISHING, AND HUNTING 0170-0290

Crop production 170 7 119 4 14
Animal production 180 7 48 1
Forestry, except logging 190 1 1
Logging 270 1 2
Fishing, hunting, and trapping 280 2
Support activities for agriculture and forestry 290 1 3 1 1
MINING, QUARRYING, AND OIL AND GAS EXTRACTION 0370-0490
Oil and gas extraction 370 3
Coal mining 380 7
Metal ore mining 390 4
Nonmetallic mineral mining and quarrying 470 2 3
Not specified type of mining 480 2 1
Support activities for mining 490 4 10 5 2
UTILITIES 0570-0690
Electric power generation, transmission, and distribution 570 14 13 12 1
Natural gas distribution 580 7 1 2
Electric and gas, and other combinations 590 4 3
Water, steam, air-conditioning, and irrigation systems 670 1 2 6 2
Sewage treatment facilities 680 1 1 1
Not specified utilities 690 1 1
CONSTRUCTION 770
Construction 770 107 200 82 9
MANUFACTURING 1070-3990
Nondurable goods manufacturing 1070-2390
Food manufacturing 1070-1290
Animal food, grain, and oilseed milling 1070 2 1
Sugar and confectionery products 1080 2 2 1
Fruit and vegetable preserving and specialty food manufacturing 1090 2 1 2 8
Dairy product manufacturing 1170 1 3 2 2
Animal slaughtering and processing 1180 16 12 6 17
Retail bakeries 1190 2 3 3
Bakeries, except retail 1270 4 4 2 5
Seafood and other miscellaneous foods, n.e.c. 1280 3 1 2 4
Not specified food industries 1290 5 3 1 5
Beverage and tobacco products manufacturing 1370-1390
Beverage manufacturing 1370 3 12 2
Tobacco manufacturing 1390 1
Textiles, apparel, and leather manufacturing 1470-1790
Fiber, yarn, and thread mills 1470 1 5 3
Fabric mills, except knitting mills 1480 2 3 9
Textile and fabric finishing and coating mills 1490
Carpet and rug mills 1570 1
Textile product mills, except carpet and rug 1590 1 4
Knitting fabric mills, and apparel knitting mills 1670 1 1 1 2
Cut and sew apparel manufacturing 1680 5 4 3 34
Apparel accessories and other apparel manufacturing 1690
Footwear manufacturing 1770 4 6
Leather tanning and finishing and other allied products manufacturing 1790 2 2 1 3
Paper manufacturing and printing 1870-1990
Pulp, paper, and paperboard mills 1870 9 1
Paperboard containers and boxes 1880 1 5 1
Miscellaneous paper and pulp products 1890 1 1
Printing and related support activities 1990 6 7 3 4
Petroleum and coal products manufacturing 2070-2090
Petroleum refining 2070 2 6 2 1
Miscellaneous petroleum and coal products 2090 2
Chemicals manufacturing 2170-2290
Appendix H
Code R Father Spouse Mother

Resin, synthetic rubber and fibers, and filaments manufacturing 2170 2 1 3
Agricultural chemical manufacturing 2180 1
Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing 2190 5 1 1 4
Paint, coating, and adhesive manufacturing 2270 1
Soap, cleaning compound, and cosmetics manufacturing 2280 3 2 2
Industrial and miscellaneous chemicals 2290 5 16 3 3
Plastics and rubber products manufacturing 2370-2390
Plastics product manufacturing 2370 4 6 4
Tire manufacturing 2380 1 3 1
Rubber product, except tire, manufacturing 2390 1 2
Durable goods manufacturing 2470-2990
Nonmetallic mineral products manufacturing 2470-2590
Pottery, ceramics, and plumbing fixture manufacturing 2470 1 2
Structural clay product manufacturing 2480 1
Glass and glass product manufacturing 2490 5 2 2
Cement, concrete, lime, and gypsum product manufacturing 2570 3 4 2
Miscellaneous nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing 2590 1
Primary metals and fabricated metal products manufacturing 2670-2990
Iron and steel mills and steel product manufacturing 2670 5 27 2 2
Aluminum production and processing 2680 5 5 1
Nonferrous metal (except aluminum) production and processing 2690 1 1
Foundries 2770 2 6 2
Metal forgings and stampings 2780 2
Cutlery and hand tool manufacturing 2790 2 1 1 2
Structural metals, and boiler, tank, and shipping container manufacturing 2870 4 4 3
Machine shops; turned product; screw, nut, and bolt manufacturing 2880 7 1
Coating, engraving, heat treating and allied activities 2890 2 3
Ordnance 2970 1
Miscellaneous fabricated metal products manufacturing 2980 4 7 2 2
Not specified metal industries 2990 2 5 1
Machinery manufacturing 3070-3290
Agricultural implement manufacturing 3070 2 3 1
Construction, and mining and oil and gas field machinery manufacturing 3080 3 1
Commercial and service industry machinery manufacturing 3090 1 5
Metalworking machinery manufacturing 3170 2 7 2 2
Engines, turbines, and power transmission equipment manufacturing 3180 1 4 2
Machinery manufacturing, n.e.c. 3190 7 12 3 2
Not specified machinery manufacturing 3290 1 2 1
Computers and electronic products manufacturing 3360-3390
Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing 3360 4 3 3 1
Communications, and audio and video equipment manufacturing 3370 2 1 1 5
Navigational, measuring, electromedical, and control instruments manufacturing 3380 3 2 2 3
Electronic component and product manufacturing, n.e.c. 3390 10 6 4 3
Electrical equipment and appliances manufacturing 3470-3490
Household appliance manufacturing 3470 1 2 1 1
Electrical lighting and electrical equipment manufacturing, and other electrical 3490 7 7 2 5
component manufacturing, n.e.c.
Transportation equipment manufacturing 3570-3690
Motor vehicles and motor vehicle equipment manufacturing 3570 22 41 13 14
Aircraft and parts manufacturing 3580 3 22 2 5
Aerospace product and parts manufacturing 3590 5 4 2
Railroad rolling stock manufacturing 3670 2 1
Ship and boat building 3680 2 2 1
Other transportation equipment manufacturing 3690 2
Wood products manufacturing 3770-3870
Sawmills and wood preservation 3770 1 4
Veneer, plywood, and engineered wood products 3780 1
Prefabricated wood buildings and mobile homes 3790 1 1
Miscellaneous wood products 3870 2 3 1
Furniture and fixtures manufacturing 3890
Furniture and related product manufacturing 3890 5 5 3 1
Appendix H

Miscellaneous manufacturing 3960-3990
Medical equipment and supplies manufacturing 3960 7 3 5 3
Sporting and athletic goods, and doll, toy and game manufacturing 3970 1 2 3 1
Miscellaneous manufacturing, n.e.c. 3980 8 2 2 6
Not specified manufacturing industries 3990 21 31 13 15
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE 4070-5790
Wholesale trade 4070-4590
Motor vehicles, parts and supplies, merchant wholesalers 4070 1 1 2
Furniture and home furnishing, merchant wholesalers 4080
Lumber and other construction materials, merchant wholesalers 4090 3 1 2
Professional and commercial equipment and supplies, merchant wholesalers 4170 3
Metals and minerals, except petroleum, merchant wholesalers 4180 1
Electrical and electronic goods, merchant wholesalers 4190 3
Hardware, plumbing and heating equipment, and supplies, merchant wholesalers 4260 2
Machinery, equipment, and supplies, merchant wholesalers 4270 4 1 1
Recyclable material, merchant wholesalers 4280 2 2
Miscellaneous durable goods, merchant wholesalers 4290 2 1 1
Paper and paper products, merchant wholesalers 4370 2 1
Drugs, sundries, and chemical and allied products, merchant wholesalers 4380 2
Apparel, fabrics, and notions, merchant wholesalers 4390 1 1 2
Groceries and related products, merchant wholesalers 4470 13 12 8 4
Farm product raw materials, merchant wholesalers 4480 1 1
Petroleum and petroleum products, merchant wholesalers 4490 2 3 1
Alcoholic beverages, merchant wholesalers 4560 6 3 1
Farm supplies, merchant wholesalers 4570
Miscellaneous nondurable goods, merchant wholesalers 4580 2
Wholesale electronic markets, agents and brokers 4585 1 1 1 2
Not specified wholesale trade 4590 1 1
Retail trade 4670-5790
Automobile dealers 4670 12 16 6 4
Other motor vehicle dealers 4680 1 1
Auto parts, accessories, and tire stores 4690 10 6 4 2
Furniture and home furnishings stores 4770 5 7 1 6
Household appliance stores 4780 2 4 1 1
Radio, TV, and computer stores 4790 5 3 1 2
Building material and supplies dealers 4870 5 5 4 3
Hardware stores 4880 3 1 2 2
Lawn and garden equipment and supplies stores 4890 3 2
Grocery stores 4970 29 19 6 35
Specialty food stores 4980 2 4
Beer, wine, and liquor stores 4990 1 1 2
Pharmacies and drug stores 5070 6 3 5 3
Health and personal care, except drug, stores 5080 3 5
Gasoline stations 5090 12 7 2 5
Clothing stores 5170 7 4 2 13
Shoe stores 5180 4 4 1
Jewelry, luggage, and leather goods stores 5190 4 2 2 2
Sporting goods, camera, and hobby and toy stores 5270 2 1 1 2
Sewing, needlework, and piece goods stores 5280 1
Music stores 5290 1 1
Book stores and news dealers 5370 3
Department stores and discount stores 5380 22 8 6 36
Miscellaneous general merchandise stores 5390 4 1 1 1
Retail florists 5470 1 1 4
Office supplies and stationery stores 5480 1
Used merchandise stores 5490 1 2 1 3
Gift, novelty, and souvenir shops 5570 2 1
Miscellaneous retail stores 5580 8 1 2 3
Electronic shopping 5590 2
Electronic auctions 5591
Mail order houses 5592
Vending machine operators 5670 1 1
Appendix H

Fuel dealers 5680 2 1
Other direct selling establishments 5690 1 1 2 1
Not specified retail trade 5790 20 4 3 11
TRANSPORTATION 6070-6390
Transportation and warehousing 6070-6390
Air transportation 6070 4 4 2 1
Rail transportation 6080 7 28 2 1
Water transportation 6090 3
Truck transportation 6170 17 29 10 4
Bus service and urban transit 6180 3 2 2 2
Taxi and limousine service 6190 3 3
Pipeline transportation 6270 1
Scenic and sightseeing transportation 6280 1 1
Services incidental to transportation 6290 8 9 4 3
Postal Service 6370 8 19 3 5
Couriers and messengers 6380 5 4 2
Warehousing and storage 6390 6 7 1 3
INFORMATION 6470-6780
Publishing, except Internet 6470-6490
Newspaper publishers 6470 2 7 4
Periodical, book, and directory publishers 6480 7 2 6
Software publishers 6490
Motion picture and sound recording industries 6570-6590
Motion pictures and video industries 6570 3 3 2
Sound recording industries 6590 1
Broadcasting, except Internet 6670
Radio and television broadcasting and cable subscription programming 6670 7 4 1
Internet publishing and broadcasting and web search portals 6672
Telecommunications 6680-6690
Wired telecommunications carriers 6680 8 5 4 19
Other telecommunications services 6690 6 1 3
Data processing, hosting, and related services 6695 1
Other information services 6770-6780
Libraries and archives 6770 3 1 1 3
Other information services 6780 26 1
FINANCIAL ACTIVITIES 6870-7190
Finance and insurance 6870-6990
Finance 6870-6970
Banking and related activities 6870 11 14 29
Savings institutions, including credit unions 6880 4 5 2
Non-depository credit and related activities 6890 8 1 6 2
Securities, commodities, funds, trusts, and other financial investments 6970 13 3 5 3
Insurance 6990
Insurance carriers and related activities 6990 36 22 15 25
Real estate and rental and leasing 7070-7190
Real estate 7070 39 13 18 15
Rental and leasing services 7080-7190
Automotive equipment rental and leasing 7080 2 1 1
Video tape and disk rental 7170
Other consumer goods rental 7180 1 1
Commercial, industrial, and other intangible assets rental and leasing 7190 1 2
PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL SERVICES 7270-7490

Legal services 7270 23 4 8 13
Accounting, tax preparation, bookkeeping, and payroll services 7280 17 4 9 10
Architectural, engineering, and related services 7290 7 10 7 5
Specialized design services 7370 5 1 1
Computer systems design and related services 7380 20 7 10 2
Management, scientific, and technical consulting services 7390 12 5 7 2
Scientific research and development services 7460 8 2 6 2
Advertising and related services 7470 4 1 1 3
Veterinary services 7480 5 1 1 1
Appendix H

Other professional, scientific, and technical services 7490 4 2 1 4
MANAGEMENT, ADMINISTRATIVE, AND WASTE SERVICES 7570-7790
Management of companies and enterprises 7570 2 1 1
Administrative and support services 7580-7780
Employment services 7580 5 3 1 6
Business support services 7590 7 2 6
Travel arrangements and reservation services 7670 1 1 5 2
Investigation and security services 7680 3 4 6 1
Services to buildings and dwellings 7690 14 3 5 19
Landscaping services 7770 17 6 7 2
Other administrative and other support services 7780 2 3 1 3
Waste management and remediation services 7790 6 3
EDUCATION AND HEALTH SERVICES 7860-8470
Educational services 7860-7890
Elementary and secondary schools 7860 135 43 53 130
Colleges and universities, including junior colleges 7870 53 29 22 19
Business, technical, and trade schools and training 7880 3 1 1 1
Other schools and instruction, and educational support services 7890 9 1 3 3
Health care and social assistance 7970-8470
7970-8180 &
Health services, except hospitals 8270-8290
Offices of physicians 7970 19 10 9 16
Offices of dentists 7980 12 3 3 4
Offices of chiropractors 7990 1 1
Offices of optometrists 8070 1 1 3
Offices of other health practitioners 8080 2 1 1 3
Outpatient care centers 8090 7 5 6 9
Home health care services 8170 17 4 12
Other health care services 8180 17 2 3 4
Hospitals 8190 109 22 40 95
Nursing care facilities 8270 37 4 6 41
Residential care facilities, without nursing 8290 14 2 8 8
Social assistance 8370-8470
Individual and family services 8370 10 3 3 11
Community food and housing, and emergency services 8380 3 4
Vocational rehabilitation services 8390 1
Child day care services 8470 31 6 30
LEISURE AND HOSPITALITY 8560-8690
Arts, entertainment, and recreation 8560-8590
Independent artists, performing arts, spectator sports, and related industries 8560 15 5 3 5
Museums, art galleries, historical sites, and similar institutions 8570 10 5 2 4
Bowling centers 8580 1 1 2
Other amusement, gambling, and recreation industries 8590 22 6 11 5
Accommodation and food services 8660-8690
Accommodation 8660-8670
Traveler accommodation 8660 24 4 3 13
Recreational vehicle parks and camps, and rooming and boarding houses 8670 1
Food services and drinking places 8680-8690
Restaurants and other food services 8680 97 17 20 72
Drinking places, alcoholic beverages 8690 6 3 6
OTHER SERVICES 8770-9290
Repair and maintenance 8770-8890
Automotive repair and maintenance 8770 10 25 7 1
Car washes 8780 2 1 1 2
Electronic and precision equipment repair and maintenance 8790 5 4 1
Commercial and industrial machinery and equipment repair and maintenance 8870 1 1 1 1
Personal and household goods repair and maintenance 8880 3 3 1 6
Footwear and leather goods repair 8890 1
Personal and laundry services 8970-9090
Barber shops 8970 3
Beauty salons 8980 15 2 11 24
Nail salons and other personal care services 8990 2 3 1 2
Appendix H

Drycleaning and laundry services 9070 7 3 1 15
Funeral homes, and cemeteries and crematories 9080 1 3 2 1
Other personal services 9090 4 2
Membership associations and organizations 9160-9190
Religious organizations 9160 13 16 7 8
Civic, social, advocacy organizations, and grantmaking and giving services 9170 17 9 9
Labor unions 9180 3 4
Business, professional, political, and similar organizations 9190 1 1
Private households 9290 23 3 8 53
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION 9370-9590
Executive offices and legislative bodies 9370 20 22 13 13
Public finance activities 9380 7 1 2 2
Other general government and support 9390 1 2 1
Justice, public order, and safety activities 9470 25 35 16 18
Administration of human resource programs 9480 15 4 10 9
Administration of environmental quality and housing programs 9490 2 4 1 1
Administration of economic programs and space research 9570 11 9 4
National security and international affairs 9590 5 6 1 2
ACTIVE DUTY MILITARY PERSONNEL (NO CIVILIAN EMPLOYEES) 9670-9870
U.S. Army 9670
U.S. Air Force 9680 1
U.S. Navy 9690
U.S. Marine Corps 9770
U.S. Coast Guard 9780
U.S. Armed Forces/n.s. 9790 45 75 34 24
Active duty military personnel, all other 9870
No answer 9999 25 42 24 27
Not applicable IAP 78 341 1121 606
Appendix I
APPENDIX I:
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD CLASSIFICATION OF OCCUPATIONS
(ISCO68, PAISCO68, SPISCO68, ISCO681, PAISC681, MAISC681, SPISC681, ISCO88, PAISCO88, MAISCO88, SPISCO88)
This appendix contains recodes of the 1970 and 1980 Census Classification of Occupations (See Appendix F) into the 1968
International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO) and the 1980 Census Classification of Occupations into the 1988 ISCO.
The first table converts 1970 Census occupation codes into 1968 ISCO codes, the second table converts 1980 Census occupation
codes into 1968 ISCO codes and the third table converts the 1980 Census into 1988 ISCO codes. The conversion schemes were
developed by Harry B. G. Ganzeboom at Nijmegen University, the Netherlands. The conversion from 1980 Census to 1968 ISCO is
preliminary and subject to revision.
Appendix I
Punch
1968 International Standard Classification Codes
(based on 1970 U.S. occupational codes) OCC. N's
(ISCO68) (PAISCO68) (SPISCO68)
PROFESSIONAL TECHNICAL AND RELATED WORKERS
PHYSICAL SCIENTISTS AND RELATED TECHNICIANS
Chemists
Chemist 0110 33 45 24
Physicists
Physicist 0120 2 5 6
Physical Scientists n.e.c.

Scientist 0130 0 0 0
Geologist 0131 11 3 4
Astronomer 0132 2 1 0
Weatherman 0133 0 0 0
Physical Science Technicians 0140 10 4 4
ARCHITECTS, ENGINEERS AND RELATED TECHNICIANS
Architects and Town Planners

Architect 0210 29 26 13
Civil Engineers
Engineer, Civil Engineer 0220 49 80 36
Electrical and Electronics Engineers

Electrical Engineer 0230 63 105 52
Mechanical Engineers
Mechanical Engineer 0240 43 90 33
Chemical Engineers
Chemical Engineer 0250 24 31 19
Metallurgists
Metallurgist 0260 5 6 0
Mining Engineers
Mining Engineer 0270 2 9 3
Industrial Engineers
Industrial Engineer 0280 50 75 41
Engineers n.e.c.
Engineer n.e.c. 0290 38 33 25
Surveyors
Surveyor 0310 13 12 8
Draftsmen
Draftsman 0320 50 48 39
Tracer 0321 0 0 0
Civil Engineering Technicians

Surveyor's Assistant 0330 0 0 0
Electrical and Electronics Engineering

Technicians 0340 82 29 38
Mechanical Engineering Technicians 0350 5 5 2

Appendix I
Code R Father Spouse

Chemical Engineering Technicians 0360 18 15 18
Metallurgical Technicians 0370 0 0 0
Mining Technicians
Mining Technician 0380 0 0 0
Engineering Technicians n.e.c.

Engineer's Aide 0390 90 28 52
AIRCRAFT AND SHIPS' OFFICERS
Aircraft Pilots, Navigators and Flight Engineers

Airline Pilot 0410 25 18 21
Astronaut 0411 0 0 0
Ships' Deck Officers and Pilots

Ship's Officer 0420 6 29 6
Small Boat Officer 0421 0 0 0
Ships' Engineers
Ship's Engineer 0430 0 0 0
LIFE SCIENTISTS AND RELATED TECHNICIANS

Biologists, Zoologists and Related Scientists
Biologist 0510 16 4 13
Bacteriologists, Pharmacologists and Related Scientists

Medical Researcher 0520 0 0 0
Dairy Scientist 0521 0 0 0
Agronomists and Related Scientists

Agronomist 0530 30 24 18
Agricultural Agent 0531 0 0 0
Life Sciences Technicians

Medical Technician 0540 132 8 55
Agricultural Technician 0541 0 0 0
MEDICAL, DENTAL, VETERINARY AND RELATED WORKERS
Medical Doctors
Physician 0610 53 112 49
Chief Physician in Hospital 0611 0 0 0
Medical Assistants
Medical Assistant 0620 93 0 37
Dentists
Dentist 0630 27 40 14
Dental Assistants 0640 54 1 35
Veterinarians
Veterinarian 0650 7 12 1
Veterinary Assistants 0660 0 0 0
Pharmacists
Pharmacist 0670 23 37 19
Pharmaceutical Assistants
Uncertified Pharmacist 0680 0 0 0
Appendix I

Dietitians and Public Health Nutritionists
Dietitian 0690 16 1 14
Professional Nurses
Professional Nurse, Nurse 0710 535 3 292
Head Nurse 0711 0 0 0
Nursing Personnel n.e.c.

Uncertified Nurse 0720 490 28 213
Professional Midwives
Professional Midwife, Midwife 0730 0 0 0
Midwifery Personnel n.e.c. 0740 0 0 0
Optometrists and Opticians

Optometrist 0750 7 8 6
Optician 0751 0 0 0
Physiotherapists and Occupational Therapists

Physiotherapist 0760 51 4 38
Occupational Therapist 0761 0 0 0
Masseur 0762 0 0 0
Medical X-Ray Technician 0770 27 2 12
Medical, Dental, Veterinary and Related Workers n.e.c.

Osteopath 0790 4 5 0
Chiropractor 0791 7 9 7
Herbalist 0792 0 0 0
Sanitary Officer 0793 0 0 0
STATISTICIANS, MATHEMATICIANS, SYSTEMS ANALYSTS AND RELATED

TECHNICIANS
Statisticians
Statistician 0810 4 3 3
Mathematicians and Actuaries

Mathematician 0820 2 3 3
Systems Analysts 0830 40 12 31
Statistical and Mathematical Technicians

Computer Programmer 0840 123 29 70
ECONOMISTS
Economists
Economist 0900 34 8 17
ACCOUNTANTS
Accountants
Accountant 1100 228 175 159
Professional Accountant 1101 0 0 0
JURISTS
Lawyers
Lawyer, Trial Lawyer 1210 94 94 71
Public Prosecutor 1211 0 0 0
Judges
Judge 1220 7 8 3
Supreme Court Justice 1221 0 0 0
Local Court Judge 1222 0 0 0
Jurists n.e.c.
Appendix I

Non-Trial Lawyer 1290 0 0 0
Legal Advisor Without Degree 1291 0 0 0
TEACHERS
University and Higher Education Teachers

University Professor 1310 176 94 96
University President, Dean 1311 0 0 0
Secondary Education Teachers

High School Teacher 1320 414 84 221
Middle School Teacher 1321 0 0 0
Primary Education Teachers

Teacher, Primary Teacher 1330 525 44 307
Pre-Primary Education Teachers

Pre-Primary Teacher 1340 58 1 49
Special Education Teachers 1350 27 4 11
Teachers n.e.c.
Vocational Teacher 1390 0 0 0
Principal, Primary Principal 1391 70 54 52
Education Officer 1392 0 0 0
Teacher's Aide 1393 101 0 55
Secondary School Principal 1394 0 0 0
WORKERS IN RELIGION
Ministers of Religion and Related Members of Religious Orders

Clergyman 1410 56 159 42
High Church Official 1411 0 0 0
Religious Reciter 1412 0 0 0
Evangelist 1413 0 0 0
Missionary 1414 0 0 0
Member of Religious Order 1415 0 0 0
Assistant Priest 1416 0 0 0
Workers in Religion n.e.c.

Religious Teacher 1490 13 8 4
Faith Healer 1491 0 0 0
AUTHORS, JOURNALISTS AND RELATED WRITERS
Authors and Critics

Author 1510 10 0 5
Pulp Writer 1511 0 0 0
Authors, Journalists and Related Writers n.e.c.

Journalist 1590 0 0 0
Newspaper Editor 1591 52 31 27
Advertising Writer 1592 0 0 0
Public Relations Man 1593 45 10 17
SCULPTORS, PAINTERS, PHOTOGRAPHERS AND RELATED CREATIVE ARTISTS
Sculptors, Painters and Related Artists

Artist 1610 61 18 23
Commercial Artists and Designers

Commercial Artist 1620 0 0 0
Designer 1621 38 20 20
Window Display Artist 1622 27 9 9
Photographers and Cameramen

Appendix I

Photographer 1630 27 14 12
TV Cameraman 1631 0 0 0
COMPOSERS AND PERFORMING ARTISTS
Composers, Musicians and Singers

Musician, Classical Musician 1710 41 22 22
Jazz Musician 1711 0 0 0
Musical Entertainer 1712 0 0 0
Music Teacher 1713 0 0 0
Choreographers and Dancers

Dancer 1720 6 2 4
Dancing Teacher 1721 0 0 0
Actors and Stage Directors

Actor 1730 8 2 3
Star Actor 1731 0 0 0
Dramatic Director 1732 0 0 0
Producers, Performing Arts

Dramatic Producer 1740 0 0 0
Circus Performers 1750 0 0 0
Performing Artists n.e.c.

Radio, TV Announcer 1790 8 4 4
Entertainer 1791 32 14 13
ATHLETES, SPORTSMEN AND RELATED WORKERS
Athletes, Sportsmen and Related Workers

Professional Athlete 1800 19 11 15
Coach, Manager 1801 0 0 0
PROFESSIONAL, TECHNICAL AND RELATED WORKERS n.e.c.
Librarians, Archivists and Curators

Librarian 1910 46 0 31
Sociologists, Anthropologists and Related Scientists

Sociologist 1920 2 2 1
Psychologist 1921 22 8 12
Archeologist 1922 0 0 0
Historian 1923 0 0 0
Social Scientist n.e.c. 1924 8 2 3
Social Workers
Social Worker 1930 192 48 109
Group Worker 1931 22 6 4
Personnel and Occupational Specialists

Personnel Director 1940 0 0 0
Job Counselor 1941 37 6 20
Philologists, Translators and Interpreters

Translator 1950 0 0 0
Philologist 1951 0 0 0
Other Professional, Technical and Related Workers
Technician 1990 28 10 12
Diviner 1991 0 0 0
Fingerprint Expert 1992 0 0 0
Explorer 1993 0 0 0
Peace Corps Member 1994 0 0 0
Advertising Executive 1995 0 0 0
Appendix I

ADMINISTRATIVE AND MANAGERIAL WORKERS
LEGISLATIVE OFFICIALS AND GOVERNMENT ADMINISTRATORS
Heads of Government Jurisdiction

Chief of State 2010 0 0 0
Provincial Governor 2011 0 0 0
District Head 2012 0 0 0
Head, Large City 2013 0 0 0
Head, City or Small City 2014 0 0 0
Village Head 2015 0 0 0
Members of Legislative Bodies

Leader of House 2020 0 0 0
Member Upper House 2021 0 0 0
Member Lower House 2022 0 0 0
Member Provincial House 2023 0 0 0
Member Local Council 2024 0 0 0
High Administrative Officials

Government Minister 2030 0 0 0
Ambassador 2031 0 0 0
Diplomat 2032 0 0 0
High Civil Servant, Dept. Head 2033 0 0 0
Dept. Head, Provincial Government 2034 0 0 0
Dept. Head, Local Government 2035 0 0 0
Chief's Counselor 2036 0 0 0
MANAGERS
General Managers
Member Board of Directors 2110 0 0 0
Head of Large Firm 2111 0 0 0
Head of Firm 2112 0 0 0
Head of Small Firm 2113 0 0 0
Banker 2114 137 91 84
Banker, Large Bank 2115 0 0 0
Building Contractor 2116 0 0 0
Production Managers (Except Farm)

Factory Manager 2120 0 0 0
Managers n.e.c.
Businessman 2190 1510 2286 1113
Branch Manager 2191 0 0 0
Department Manager 2192 0 0 0
Department Manager, Large Firm 2193 0 0 0
Business Executive 2194 0 0 0
Politician, Party Official 2195 0 0 0
Union Official 2196 0 0 0
High Union Official 2197 8 20 19
CLERICAL AND RELATED WORKERS
CLERICAL SUPERVISORS
Clerical Supervisors
Office Manager 3000 213 58 109
GOVERNMENT EXECUTIVE OFFICIALS
Government Executive Officials

Middle Rank Civil Servant 3100 153 115 80
Civil Servant, Minor Civil Servant 3101 0 0 0
Government Inspector 3102 44 36 39
Customs Inspector 3103 0 0 0
Tax Collector 3104 0 0 0
Appendix I

STENOGRAPHERS, TYPISTS AND CARD- AND TAPE-PUNCHING MACHINE OPERATORS
Stenographers, Typists and Teletypists

Typist, Stenographer 3210 277 3 119
Secretary 3211 1035 7 612
Card- and Tape-Punching Machine Operators

Keypunch Operator 3220 73 2 48
BOOKKEEPERS, CASHIERS AND RELATED WORKERS
Bookkeepers and Cashiers

Bookkeeper 3310 460 56 259
Cashier 3311 383 11 168
Head Cashier 3312 0 0 0
Bank Teller 3313 83 6 69
Post Office Clerk 3314 79 74 44
Ticket Seller 3315 119 26 58
Bookkeepers, Cashiers and Related Workers n.e.c.

Financial Clerk 3390 157 34 81
Bill Collector 3391 20 2 9
COMPUTING MACHINE OPERATORS
Bookkeeping and Calculating Machine Operators 3410 66 0 36
Automatic Data-Processing Machine Operators

Computer Operator 3420 111 6 61
TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATIONS SUPERVISORS
Railway Station Masters

Railway Stationmaster 3510 0 0 0
Postmasters
Postmaster 3520 13 24 6
Transport and Communications Supervisors n.e.c.

Dispatcher, Expeditor 3590 21 14 16
TRANSPORT CONDUCTORS
Transport Conductors
Railroad Conductor 3600 16 54 10
Bus, Streetcar Conductor 3601 1 23 2
Sleeping Car Porter 3602 0 0 0
MAIL DISTRIBUTION CLERKS
Mail Distribution Clerks

Mail Carrier 3700 96 120 60
Office Boy, Messenger 3701 24 4 11
TELEPHONE AND TELEGRAPH OPERATORS
Telephone and Telegraph Operators

Telephone Operator 3800 137 1 63
Telegraph Operator 3801 17 10 10
Radio Operator 3802 0 0 0
CLERICAL AND RELATED WORKERS n.e.c.
Stock Clerks
Stockroom Attendant 3910 130 69 87
Shipping Clerk 3911 179 100 88
Appendix I
Material and Production Planning Clerks 3920 0 0 0
Correspondence and Reporting Clerks

Office Clerk 3930 0 0 0
Government Office Clerk 3931 0 0 0
Law Clerk 3932 0 0 0
Receptionists and Travel Agency Clerks

Receptionist 3940 134 2 84
Transportation Agent 3941 0 0 0
Railway Baggageman 3942 0 0 0
Travel Agent 3943 0 0 0
Floor Walker 3944 0 0 0
Library and Filing Clerks

Library Assistant 3950 22 0 19
Filing Clerk 3951 67 3 34
Clerks n.e.c. 3990 683 109 341

Proofreader 3991 12 2 4
Political Party Worker 3992 13 7 6
Meter Reader 3993 10 15 9
SALES WORKERS
MANAGERS (WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE)
Managers (Wholesale and Retail Trade)

Retail Manager 4000 0 0 0
Service Station Manager 4001 0 0 0
Credit Manager 4002 21 9 19
WORKING PROPRIETORS (WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE)
Working Proprietors (Wholesale and Retail Trade)

Shop Keeper 4100 0 0 0
Large Shop Owner 4101 0 0 0
One-Man Stand Operator 4102 0 0 0
Automobile Dealer 4103 0 0 0
Broker 4104 0 0 0
Livestock Broker 4105 0 0 0
Wholesale Distributor 4106 0 0 0
Smuggler 4107 0 0 0
Labor Contractor 4108 0 0 0
SALES SUPERVISORS AND BUYERS
Sales Supervisors
Sales Manager 4210 229 159 156
Buyers
Buyer 4220 40 23 27
Purchasing Agent 4221 47 46 41
Agricultural Buyer 4222 4 28 6
TECHNICAL SALESMAN, COMMERCIAL TRAVELLERS AND MANUFACTURERS' AGENTS
Technical Salesmen and Service Advisers

Sales Engineer 4310 2 3 8
Utility Co. Salesman 4311 0 0 0
Commercial Travellers and Manufacturers' Agents

Traveling Salesman 4320 0 0 0

Appendix I
INSURANCE, REAL ESTATE, SECURITIES AND BUSINESS SERVICES SALESMEN AND

AUCTIONEERS
Insurance, Real Estate and Securities Salesman 4400 1

Insurance Agent 4410 139 152 106
Real Estate Agent 4411 117 99 75
Stock Broker 4412 28 23 14
Business Services Salesmen

Advertising Salesman 4420 24 15 11
Auctioneers
Auctioneer 4430 2 1 2
Appraiser 4431 8 7 3
Insurance Claims Investigator 4432 43 23 31
SALESMEN, SHOP ASSISTANTS AND RELATED WORKERS
Salesmen, Shop Assistants and Demonstrators

Sales Clerk 4510 980 589 632
Automobile Salesman 4511 0 0 0
Gas Station Attendant 4512 0 0 0
Model 4513 0 0 0
Sales Demonstrator 4514 14 0 7
Street Vendors, Canvassers and Newsvendors

Market Trader 4520 0 0 0
Street Vendor, Peddler 4521 53 35 25
Telephone Solicitor 4522 0 0 0
Newspaper Seller 4523 11 8 4
Routeman 4524 0 0 0
Narcotics Peddler 4525 0 0 0
SALES WORKERS n.e.c.
Sales Workers n.e.c.

Money Lender 4900 0 0 0
SERVICE WORKERS
MANAGERS (CATERING AND LODGING SERVICES)
Managers (Catering and Lodging Services)

Bar Manager 5000 170 107 79
Hotel Manager 5001 0 0 0
Apartment Manager 5002 0 0 0
WORKING PROPRIETORS (CATERING AND LODGING SERVICES)
Working Proprietors (Catering and Lodging Services)

Restaurant Owner 5100 0 0 0
Lunchroom, Coffee Shop Operator 5101 0 0 0
Hotel Operator 5102 0 0 0
Boardinghouse Keeper 5103 8 2 4
Pub Keeper 5104 0 0 0
HOUSEKEEPING AND RELATED SERVICE SUPERVISORS

Housekeeping and Related Service Supervisors
Steward 5200 0 0 0
Housekeeper 5201 181 5 48
COOKS, WAITERS, BARTENDERS AND RELATED WORKERS

Cooks
Cook 5310 12 1 8
Master Cook 5311 0 0 0
Cook's Helper 5312 0 0 0

Appendix I
Waiters, Bartenders and Related Workers

Waiter 5320 577 15 244
Bartender 5321 57 31 22
Soda Fountain Clerk 5322 85 4 38
MAIDS AND RELATED HOUSEKEEPING SERVICE WORKERS n.e.c.
Maids and Related Housekeeping Service Workers n.e.c.

Servant 5400 322 8 92
Nursemaid 5401 185 0 78
Hotel Chambermaid 5402 83 0 21
Hotel Concierge 5403 0 0 0
BUILDING CARETAKERS, CHARWORKERS, CLEANERS AND RELATED WORKERS
Building Caretakers
Janitor 5510 256 205 179
Concierge (Apartment House) 5511 0 0 0
Sexton 5512 0 0 0
Charworkers, Cleaners and Related Workers

Charworker 5520 550 116 220
Window Washer 5521 0 0 0
Chimney Sweep 5522 0 0 0
LAUNDERERS, DRY-CLEANERS AND PRESSERS
Launderers, Dry-Cleaners and Pressers

Launderer 5600 85 32 34
HAIRDRESSERS, BARBERS, BEAUTICIANS AND RELATED WORKERS

Hairdressers, Barbers, Beauticians and Related Workers
Barber 5700 217 102 129
Master Barber 5701 0 0 0
Beautician 5702 0 0 0
Operator of Hairdressing Salon 5703 0 0 0
PROTECTIVE SERVICE WORKERS

Fire-Fighters
Fireman 5810 49 87 37
Police and Detectives

Policeman 5820 96 162 69
Police Officer 5821 0 0 0
High Police Official 5822 2 5 1
Specialized Law Officer 5823 0 0 0
Protective Service Workers n.e.c.

Watchman 5890 131 101 70
Prison Guard 5891 0 0 0
Bailiff 5892 20 17 10
Armed Forces
Armed Forces1 5895 211 295 177
SERVICE WORKERS n.e.c. 5900 17 0 6

Guides
Museum Attendant 5910 0 0 0
Undertakers and Embalmers

Undertaker 5920 15 10 12
1
This code is not part of the International Standard Classification Codes. It is a code used by NORC.

Appendix I
Other Service Worker

Medical Attendant 5990 0 0 0
Entertainment Attendant 5991 34 4 9
Elevator Operator 5992 7 7 2
Hotel Bell Boy 5993 5 9 1
Doorkeeper 5994 0 0 0
Shoe Shiner 5995 0 2 0
Airline Stewardess 5996 7 0 6
Bookmaker 5997 0 0 0
Bell Captain in Hotel 5998 0 0 0
Illegal Lottery Agent 5999 0 0 0
AGRICULTURAL, ANIMAL HUSBANDRY AND FORESTRY WORKERS, FISHERMEN AND

HUNTERS
FARM MANAGERS AND SUPERVISORS
Farm Managers and Supervisors

Farm Manager 6000 12 66 7
Farm Foreman 6001 5 32 6
FARMERS
General Farmers
Farmer 6110 412 4032 276
Large Farmer 6111 0 0 0
Small Farmer 6112 0 0 0
Tenant Farmer 6113 0 0 0
Share Cropper 6114 0 0 0
Collective Farmer 6115 0 0 0
Settler 6116 0 0 0
Unpaid Family Farm Worker 6117 11 9 11
Specialized Farmers
Specialized Farmer 6120 0 0 0
AGRICULTURAL AND ANIMAL HUSBANDRY WORKERS
General Farm Workers

Farm Hand 6210 143 451 77
Migrant Worker 6211 0 0 0
Field Crop and Vegetable Farm Workers

Field Crop Worker 6220 0 0 0
Orchard, Vineyard and Related Tree and Shrub Crop Workers

Palmwine Harvester 6230 0 0 0
Livestock Workers
Livestock Worker 6240 0 0 0
Dairy Farm Worker

Milker 6250 0 0 0
Poultry Farm Workers 6260 0 0 0
Nursery Workers and Gardeners

Gardener 6270 0 0 0
Farm Machinery Operators

Tractor Driver 6280 0 0 0
Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Workers n.e.c.

Skilled Farm Worker 6290 2 14 1
Gatherer 6291 0 0 0
FORESTRY WORKERS
Loggers
Logger 6310 0 0 0
Whistle Punk 6311 0 0 0

Appendix I
Forestry Workers (Except Logging)

Forester 6320 0 0 0
Timber Cruiser 6321 0 0 0
Tree Surgeon 6322 0 0 0
FISHERMEN, HUNTERS AND RELATED WORKERS
Fishermen
Fisherman 6410 9 25 5
Fisherman With Own Boat 6411 0 0 0
Fishermen, Hunters and Related Workers n.e.c.

Whaler 6490 0 0 0
Hunter 6491 0 0 0
PRODUCTION AND RELATED WORKERS, TRANSPORT EQUIPMENT OPERATORS AND

LABORERS
PRODUCTION SUPERVISORS AND GENERAL FOREMEN
Production Supervisors and General Foreman

Foreman 7000 325 696 292
Supervisor 7001 0 0 0
MINERS, QUARRYMEN, WELL DRILLERS AND RELATED WORKERS
Miners and Quarrymen

Miner 7110 99 573 80
Specialized Mine Worker 7111 2 5 0
Quarry Worker 7112 0 0 0
Instructor in Mine 7113 0 0 0
Mineral and Stone Treaters 7120 0 0 0
Well Drillers, Borers and Related Workers

Oil Field Worker 7130 11 35 13
METAL PROCESSORS
Metal Smelting, Converting and Refining Furnacemen

Steel Mill Worker 7210 20 47 13
Metal Rolling-Mill Workers

Rolling Mill Operator 7220 0 0 0
Metal Melters and Reheaters 7230 3 3 2
Metal Casters
Metal Caster 7240 0 0 0
Metal Moulders and Coremakers 7250 0 0 0
Metal Annealers, Temperers, and Case-Hardeners 7260 3 5 1
Metal Drawers and Extruders 7270 0 0 0
Metal Platers and Coaters

Galvinizer 7280 9 7 2
Metal Processors n.e.c. 7290 0 0 0
WOOD PREPARATION WORKERS AND PAPER MAKERS
Wood Treaters 7310 0 0 0

Sawyers, Plywood Makers and Related Wood-Processing Workers
Appendix I
Sawyer in Saw Mill 7320 16 53 16

Lumber Grader 7321 6 14 4
Paper Pulp Preparers 7330 0 0 0
Paper Makers
Paper Maker 7340 0 0 0
CHEMICAL PROCESSORS AND RELATED WORKERS
Crushers, Grinders and Mixers 7410 15 22 14
Cookers, Roasters and Related Heat-Treaters 7420 0 0 0
Filter and Separator Operators 7430 0 0 0
Still and Reactor Operators 7440 0 0 0
Petroleum-Refining Workers
Petroleum Worker 7450 0 0 0
Chemical Processors and Related Workers n.e.c.

Chemical Worker 7490 0 0 0
Charcoal Burner 7491 0 0 0
SPINNERS, WEAVERS, KNITTERS, DYERS AND RELATED WORKERS
Fiber Preparers 7510 0 0 0
Spinners and Winders

Spinner 7520 56 18 24
Weaving- and Knitting-Machine Setters and Pattern-Card Preparers

Machine Loom Fixer, Operator 7530 2 13 3
Weavers and Related Workers

Weaver 7540 15 14 6
Cloth Grader 7541 0 0 0
Knitters
Knitting Machine Operator 7550 18 3 9
Bleachers, Dyers and Textile Product Finishers

Cloth Dyer 7560 4 9 2
Spinners, Weavers, Knitters, Dyers and Related Workers n.e.c.
Textile Mill Worker 7590 43 42 18
TANNERS, FELLMONGERS AND PELT DRESSERS

7610 0 0 0
Tanners and Fellmongers
7620 0 0 0
Pelt Dressers
FOOD AND BEVERAGE PROCESSORS
Grain Millers and Related Workers

Grain Miller 7710 1 10 1
Grain Mill Owner-Operator 7711 0 0 0
Sugar Processors and Refiners

Sugar Boiler 7720 0 0 0
Butchers and Meat Preparers

Butcher 7730 0 0 0
Packing House Butcher 7731 71 112 51
Master Butcher 7732 0 0 0

Food Preservers
Appendix I
Cannery Worker 7740 15 9 9
Dairy Product Processors 7750 0 0 0
Bakers, Pastrycooks and Confectionery Makers

Baker 7760 38 67 14
Master Baker 7761 0 0 0
Tea, Coffee and Cocoa Preparers 7770 0 0 0
Brewers, Wine and Beverage Makers

Moonshiner 7780 0 0 0
Food and Beverage Processors n.e.c.

Fish Butcher 7790 6 1 10
TOBACCO PREPARERS AND TOBACCO PRODUCT MAKERS
Tobacco Preparers 7810 0 0 0
Cigar Makers
Cigar Maker 7820 0 0 0
Cigarette Makers 7830 0 0 0
Tobacco Preparers and Tobacco Product Makers n.e.c.

Tobacco Factory Worker 7890 0 0 0
TAILORS, DRESSMAKERS, SEWERS, UPHOLSTERERS AND RELATED WORKERS
Tailors and Dressmakers

Tailor 7910 22 68 14
Custom Seamstress 7911 53 3 15
Fur Tailors and Related Workers

Fur Coat Tailor 7920 1 4 0
Milliners and Hatmakers

Milliner 7930 5 1 3
Patternmakers and Cutters

Garment Cutter 7940 81 64 42
Sewers and Embroiderers

Sewing Machine Operator 7950 356 22 202
Upholsterers and Related Workers

Upholsterer 7960 20 24 17
Tailors, Dressmakers, Sewers, Upholsterers and Related Workers 7990 51 10 27
SHOEMAKERS AND LEATHER GOODS MAKERS
Shoemakers and Shoe Repairers

Shoemaker, Repairer 8010 5 30 2
Shoe Cutters, Lasters, Sewers and Related Workers 8020 13 17 11
Leather Goods Makers

Leather Worker 8030 0 0 0
CABINETMAKERS AND RELATED WOODWORKERS
Cabinetmakers
Cabinetmaker 8110 17 54 15
Woodworking-Machine Operators 8120 13 17 9

Cabinetmakers and Related Woodworkers n.e.c.
Appendix I
Cooper 8190 0 0 0
Wood Vehicle Builder 8191 0 0 0
STONE CUTTERS AND CARVERS
Stone Cutters and Carvers

Tombstone Carver 8200 1 5 1
BLACKSMITHS, TOOLMAKERS AND MACHINETOOL OPERATORS
Blacksmiths, Hammersmiths and Forging-Press Operators

Blacksmith 8310 6 65 3
Forging-Press Operator 8311 2 10 6
Toolmakers, Metal Patternmakers and Metal Markers

Tool and Die Maker 8320 41 82 24
Metal Patternmaker 8321 0 0 0
Machine-Tool Setter-Operators
Machine Set-Up Man 8330 14 20 2
Turner 8331 0 0 0
Machine-Tool Operators
Machine Operator in Factory 8340 742 833 473
Metal Grinders, Polishers and Tool Sharpeners

Saw Sharpener 8350 0 0 0
Polishing Machine Operator 8351 30 43 28
Blacksmiths, Toolmakers and Machine-Tool Operators n.e.c.

Locksmith 8390 0 0 0
MACHINERY FITTERS, MACHINE ASSEMBLERS AND PRECISION INSTRUMENT MAKERS

(EXCEPT ELECTRICAL) 8400 124 118 76
Machinery Fitters and Machine Assemblers

Machinist or Fitter 8410 113 232 96
Aircraft Worker 8411 0 0 0
Millwright 8412 26 50 21
Watch, Clock and Precision Instrument Makers

Watch Maker, Repairman 8420 0 0 0
Fine Fitter 8421 0 0 0
Dental Mechanic 8422 5 6 12
Motor Vehicle Mechanics

Garage Mechanic 8430 201 305 176
Garage Operator 8431 0 0 0
Aircraft Engine Mechanics

Airplane Mechanic 8440 36 41 30
Machinery Fitters, Machine Assemblers and Precision Instrument

Makers (Except Electrical) n.e.c.
Mechanic, Repairman 8490 247 338 174
Bicycle Repairman 8491 0 0 0
Mechanic's Helper 8492 7 10 3
Assembly Line Worker 8493 321 145 177
Unskilled Garage Worker 8494 55 21 17
ELECTRICAL FITTERS AND RELATED ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS WORKERS
Electrical Fitters
Electrical Fitter 8510 14 2 5
Electronics Fitters 8520 0 0 0

Electrical and Electronic Equipment Assemblers
Appendix I
Electronic Assembler 8530 0 0 0
Radio and Television Repairmen

Radio, TV Repairman 8540 34 28 41
Electrical Wiremen
Electrician 8550 148 203 79
Master Electrician (Own Shop) 8551 0 0 0
Telephone and Telegraph Installers

Telephone Installer 8560 42 35 34
Electric Linemen and Cable Jointers

Power Lineman 8570 46 45 39
Electrical Fitters and Related Electrical and Electronics Workers 8590 23 6 10
BROADCASTING STATION AND SOUND EQUIPMENT OPERATORS AND CINEMA

PROJECTIONISTS
Broadcasting Station Operators

Broadcasting Station Operator 8610 0 0 0
Sound Equipment Operators and Cinema Projectionists

Motion Picture Projectionist 8620 4 5 1
PLUMBERS, WELDERS, SHEET METAL AND STRUCTURAL METAL PREPARERS AND

ERECTORS
Plumbers and Pipe Fitters

Plumber 8710 95 182 75
Master Plumber (Own Business) 8711 0 0 0
Welders and Flame-Cutters

Welder 8720 146 200 116
Sheet-Metal Workers
Sheet-Metal Worker 8730 59 100 47
Copper, Tin Smith 8731 0 0 0
Boilermaker 8732 8 21 4
Vehicle Body Builder 8733 0 0 0
Structural Metal Preparers and Erectors

Structural Steel Worker 8740 28 33 23
JEWELRY AND PRECIOUS METAL WORKERS
Jewelry and Precious Metal Workers

Jeweler, Goldsmith 8800 9 22 14
Master Jeweler, Goldsmith 8801 0 0 0
GLASS FORMERS, POTTERS AND RELATED WORKERS
Glass Formers, Cutters, Grinders and Finishers

Lens Grinder 8910 8 4 1
Glass Blower 8911 0 0 0
Potters and Related Clay and Abrasive

Potter 8920 0 0 0
Glass and Ceramics Kilnmen 8930 0 0 0
Glass Engravers and Etchers 8940 0 0 0
Glass and Ceramics Painters and Decorators 8950 0 0 0
Glass Formers, Potters, and Related Workers n.e.c. 8990 0 0 0

RUBBER AND PLASTICS PRODUCT MAKERS
Appendix I
Rubber and Plastics Product Makers (Except Tire Makers and Tire 9010 0 0 0
Tire Makers and Vulcanizers 9020 0 0 0
PAPER AND PAPERBOARD PRODUCTS MAKERS
Paper and Paperboard Products Makers 9100 0 0 0
PRINTERS AND RELATED WORKERS
Compositors and Typesetters

Printer 9210 0 1 1
Master Printer 9211 34 47 21
Printing Pressmen
Printing Pressman 9220 41 42 29
Stereotypers and Electrotypers 9230 0 1 0
Printing Engravers (Except Photoengravers)

Metal Engraver 9240 4 6 4
Photoengravers
Photoengraver 9250 10 14 11
Bookbinders and Related Workers

Bookbinder 9260 16 7 11
Photographic Darkroom Workers

Photograph Developer 9270 18 3 12
Printers and Related Workers n.e.c.

Graphics Printer 9290 0 0 0
PAINTERS
Painters, Construction
Building Painter 9310 99 179 59
Master Building Painter 9311 3 8 4
Painters n.e.c.
Automobile Painter 9390 30 24 17
PRODUCTION AND RELATED WORKERS n.e.c.
Musical Instrument Makers and Tuners

Piano Tuner 9410 4 4 1
Basketry Weavers and Brush Makers

Basketweaver 9420 0 0 0
Non-Metallic Mineral Product Makers 9430 0 0 0
Other Production and Related Workers

Quality Checker 9490 256 156 158
Ivory Carver 9491 0 0 0
Taxidermist 9492 0 0 0
Calabash Maker 9493 0 0 0
BRICKLAYERS, CARPENTERS AND OTHER CONSTRUCTION WORKERS
Bricklayers, Stonemasons and Tile Setters

Mason 9510 59 158 28
Reinforced-Concreters, Cement Finishers and Terrazzo Workers
Appendix I
Cement Finisher 9520 15 31 15
Roofers
Roofer 9530 25 33 20
Carpenters, Joiners and Parquetry Workers

Carpenter 9540 276 632 195
Master Carpenter 9541 0 0 0
Carpenter's Helper 9542 9 2 2
Plasterers
Plasterer 9550 6 26 4
Master Plasterer 9551 0 0 0
Insulators
Insulation Installer 9560 5 2 6
Glaziers
Glazier 9570 6 9 9
Construction Workers n.e.c.

Paperhanger 9590 2 8 3
Master Paperhanger 9591 0 0 0
Maintenance Man 9592 0 0 0
Skilled Construction Worker 9593 0 0 0
Construction Laborer n.e.c. 9594 13 9 17
Unskilled Construction Laborer 9595 221 346 119
House Builder 9596 0 0 0
STATIONARY ENGINE AND RELATED EQUIPMENT OPERATORS
Power-Generating Machinery Operators

Power Station Operator 9610 4 11 6
Stationary Engine and Related Equipment Operators n.e.c.

Stationary Engineer 9690 39 84 21
MATERIAL-HANDLING AND RELATED EQUIPMENT OPERATORS, DOCKERS AND FREIGHT

HANDLERS
Dockers and Freight Handlers

Longshoreman 9710 11 33 7
Warehouse Hand 9711 184 173 105
Porter 9712 0 0 0
Railway, Airport Porter 9713 0 0 0
Packer 9714 193 48 94
Riggers and Cable Splicers 9720 0 0 0
Crane and Hoist Operators

Power Crane Operator 9730 61 85 37
Drawbridge Tender 9731 0 0 0
Earth-Moving and Related Machinery Operators

Road Machinery Operator 9740 102 212 95
Material-Handling Equipment Operators n.e.c. 9790 64 53 51
TRANSPORT EQUIPMENT OPERATORS
Ships' Deck Ratings, Barge Crews and Boatmen

Seaman 9810 7 22 4
Boatman 9811 1 3 2

Ships' Engine-Room Ratings
Appendix I
Ship's Engine-Room Hand 9820 0 0 0
Railway Engine Drivers and Firemen

Locomotive Engineer 9830 21 72 14
Locomotive Fireman 9831 2 12 0
Ore Train Motorman in Mine 9832 8 15 6
Railway Brakemen, Signalmen and Shunters

Railway Switchman, Brakeman 9840 14 63 20
Motor Vehicle Drivers

Taxi Driver 9850 36 59 18
Bus, Tram Driver 9851 73 64 52
Driver, Truck Driver 9852 341 548 279
Small Transport Operator 9853 120 201 91
Truck Driver's Helper 9854 0 0 0
Driving Teacher 9855 0 0 0
Animal and Animal-Drawn Vehicle Drivers

Animal Driver 9860 0 0 0
Wagoneer 9861 0 0 0
Transport Equipment Operators n.e.c.

Pedal-Vehicle Driver 9890 3 3 3
Railway Crossing Guard 9891 16 6 5
MANUAL WORKERS n.e.c.
Skilled Workers n.e.c.

Skilled Worker 9950 9 33 16
Independent Artisan 9951 0 0 0
Semi-Skilled Workers n.e.c.

Factory Worker 9970 0 0 0
Apprentice 9971 7 5 1
Laborers n.e.c.
Laborer 9990 557 851 299
Unskilled Factory Laborer 9991 0 0 0
Contract Laborer 9992 0 0 0
Itinerant Worker 9993 0 0 0
Railway Track Worker 9994 0 0 0
Street Sweeper 9995 0 0 0
Garbage Collector 9996 26 34 12
Road Construction Laborer 9997 0 0 0
NOT APPLICABLE, NO ANSWER BK 30820 32787 40523

Appendix I
1968 International Standard Classification Codes Punch

(based on 1980 U.S. occupational codes) Occupation N's
(ISCO681) (PAISC681) (SPISC681) (MAISC681)
PROFESSIONAL TECHNICAL AND RELATED WORKERS
PHYSICAL SCIENTISTS AND RELATED TECHNICIANS
Chemists 0110 31 60 24 7
Physicists 0120 4 14 4 1
Physical Scientists n.e.c. 0130 13 11 8 0

Geologist 0131 8 7 7 1
Astronomer 0132 0 0 0 0
Weatherman 0133 0 0 0 0
Scientist 0139 0 0 0 0
Physical Science Technicians 0140 68 33 36 7
ARCHITECTS, ENGINEERS AND RELATED TECHNICIANS
Architects and Town Planners

Architect 0210 53 47 25 8
Civil Engineers
Engineer, Civil Engineer 0220 68 161 46 4
Electrical and Electronics Engineers

Electrical Engineer 0230 113 213 94 7
Mechanical Engineers
Mechanical Engineer 0240 76 164 47 2
Chemical Engineers
Chemical Engineer 0250 25 67 11 3
Metallurgists
Metallurgist 0260 4 14 3 0
Mining Engineers
Mining Engineer 0270 3 8 3 0
Industrial Engineers
Industrial Engineer 0280 86 106 61 3
Engineers n.e.c.
Engineer n.e.c. 0290 89 97 47 0
Surveyors
Surveyor 0310 10 17 11 1
Draftsmen 0320 60 60 19 6
Tracer 0321 0 0 0 0
Draftsman 0329 0 0 0 0
Civil Engineering Technicians

Surveyor's Assistant 0330 9 11 4 0
Electrical and Electronics Engineering Technicians 0340 144 51 77 9
Mechanical Engineering Technicians 0350 4 1 0 0
Chemical Engineering Technicians 0360 0 0 0 0

Appendix I

Metallurgical Technicians 0370 0 0 0 0
Mining Technicians
Mining Technician 0380 0 0 0 0
Engineering Technicians n.e.c.

Engineer's Aide 0390 55 30 25 3
AIRCRAFT AND SHIPS' OFFICERS
Aircraft Pilots, Navigators and Flight Engineers 0410 37 65 24 0

Astronaut 0411 0 0 0 0
Airline Pilot 0419 0 0 0 0
Ships' Deck Officers and Pilots

Small Boat Officer 0421 1 2 3 0
Ship's Officer 0429 0 0 0 0
Ships' Engineers
Ship's Engineer 0430 0 0 0 0
LIFE SCIENTISTS AND RELATED TECHNICIANS
Biologists, Zoologists and Related Scientists

Biologist 0510 26 2 10 9
Bacteriologists, Pharmacologists and Related Scientists

Dairy Scientist 0521 0 0 0 0
Medical Researcher 0529 0 0 0 0
Agronomists and Related Scientists 0530 18 29 15 3

Agricultural Agent 0531 0 0 0 0
Agronomist 0539 0 0 0 0
Life Sciences Technicians 0540 128 16 58 39

Agricultural Technician 0541 0 0 0 0
Medical Technician 0549 118 6 46 28
MEDICAL, DENTAL, VETERINARY AND RELATED WORKERS
Medical Doctors 0610 124 182 100 30

Chief Physician in Hospital 0611 0 0 0 0
Physician 0619 0 0 0 0
Medical Assistants
Medical Assistant 0620 188 6 60 50
Dentists
Dentist 0630 43 57 27 13
Dental Assistants 0640 71 0 48 55
Veterinarians
Veterinarian 0650 11 21 11 3
Veterinary Assistants 0660 0 0 0 0
Pharmacists
Pharmacist 0670 35 43 20 14
Pharmaceutical Assistants
Uncertified Pharmacist 0680 0 0 0 0
Appendix I
Dietitians and Public Health Nutritionists

Dietitian 0690 26 2 15 35
Professional Nurses 0710 738 23 366 852

Head Nurse 0711 0 0 0 0
Professional Nurse, Nurse 0719 0 0 0 0
Nursing Personnel n.e.c.

Uncertified Nurse 0720 0 0 0 0
Professional Midwives
Professional Midwife, Midwife 0730 0 0 0 0
Midwifery Personnel n.e.c. 0740 0 0 0 0
Optometrists and Opticians

Optician 0751 0 0 0 0
Optometrist 0759 7 10 8 2
Physiotherapists and Occupational Therapists 0760 16 5 10 3

Occupational Therapist 0761 16 0 10 5
Masseur 0762 0 0 0 0
Physiotherapist 0769 31 1 22 13
Medical X-Ray Technician 0770 37 10 21 11
Medical, Dental, Veterinary and Related Workers n.e.c. 0790 77 14 33 17

Chiropractor 0791 0 0 0 0
Herbalist 0792 0 0 0 0
Sanitary Officer 0793 0 0 0 0
Osteopath 0799 0 0 0 0
STATISTICIANS, MATHEMATICIANS, SYSTEMS ANALYSTS AND RELATED

TECHNICIANS
Statisticians
Statistician 0810 10 6 6 1
Mathematicians and Actuaries

Mathematician 0820 2 0 2 0
Systems Analysts 0830 389 74 177 22
Statistical and Mathematical Technicians

Computer Programmer 0849 147 62 75 28
ECONOMISTS
Economists
Economist 0900 62 19 23 7
ACCOUNTANTS
Accountants 1100 351 265 173 142

Professional Accountant 1101 0 0 0 0
Accountant 1109 0 0 0 0
JURISTS
Lawyers
Public Prosecutor 1211 0 0 0 0
Lawyer, Trial Lawyer 1219 258 171 144 42
Judges
Supreme Court Justice 1221 0 0 0 0
Appendix I
Local Court Judge 1222 0 0 0 0

Judge 1229 5 10 2 5
Jurists n.e.c.
Legal Advisor Without Degree 1291 0 0 0 0
Non-Trial Lawyer 1299 0 0 0 0
TEACHERS
University and Higher Education Teachers 1310 253 156 124 57

University Professor 1311 0 0 0 0
University President, Dean 1319 0 0 0 0
Secondary Education Teachers 1320 371 193 184 227

Middle School Teacher 1321 0 0 0 0
High School Teacher 1329 0 0 0 0
Primary Education Teachers

Teacher, Primary Teacher 1330 695 129 383 624
Pre-Primary Education Teachers

Pre-Primary Teacher 1340 110 1 58 79
Special Education Teachers 1350 49 2 17 28
Teachers n.e.c. 1390 183 41 83 66

Principal, Primary Principal 1391 0 0 0 0
Education Officer 1392 0 0 0 0
Teacher's Aide 1393 106 1 54 88
Secondary School Principal 1394 0 0 0 0
Vocational Teacher 1399 0 0 0 0
WORKERS IN RELIGION
Ministers of Religion and Related Members of Religious Orders 1410 81 197 56 2

High Church Official 1411 0 0 0 0
Religious Reciter 1412 0 0 0 0
Evangelist 1413 0 0 0 0
Missionary 1414 0 0 0 0
Member of Religious Order 1415 0 0 0 0
Assistant Priest 1416 0 0 0 0
Clergyman 1419 0 0 0 0
Workers in Religion n.e.c. 1490 21 5 10 9

Faith Healer 1491 0 0 0 0
Religious Teacher 1499 0 0 0 0
AUTHORS, JOURNALISTS AND RELATED WRITERS
Authors and Critics

Pulp Writer 1511 0 0 0 0
Author 1519 33 3 10 1
Authors, Journalists and Related Writers n.e.c. 1590 108 29 36 37

Newspaper Editor 1591 0 0 0 0
Advertising Writer 1592 0 0 0 0
Public Relations Man 1593 56 17 20 7
Journalist 1599 0 0 0 0
SCULPTORS, PAINTERS, PHOTOGRAPHERS AND RELATED CREATIVE ARTISTS
Sculptors, Painters and Related Artists

Artist 1610 83 22 33 28

Appendix I
Commercial Artists and Designers

Designer 1621 159 47 51 56
Window Display Artist 1622 0 0 0 0
Commercial Artist 1629 0 0 0 0
Photographers and Cameramen

TV Cameraman 1631 0 0 0 0
Photographer 1639 36 24 21 4
COMPOSERS AND PERFORMING ARTISTS
Composers, Musicians and Singers 1710 56 25 23 16

Jazz Musician 1711 0 0 0 0
Musical Entertainer 1712 0 0 0 0
Music Teacher 1713 0 0 0 0
Musician, Classical Musician 1719 0 0 0 0
Choreographers and Dancers 1720 11 0 4 1

Dancing Teacher 1721 0 0 0 0
Dancer 1729 0 0 0 0
Actors and Stage Directors 1730 47 7 19 4

Star Actor 1731 0 0 0 0
Dramatic Director 1732 0 0 0 0
Actor 1739 0 0 0 0
Producers, Performing Arts

Dramatic Producer 1740 0 0 0 0
Circus Performers 1750 0 0 0 0
Performing Artists n.e.c. 1790 25 12 11 5

Entertainer 1791 0 0 0 0
Radio, TV Announcer 1799 10 3 6 2
ATHLETES, SPORTSMEN AND RELATED WORKERS
Athletes, Sportsmen and Related Workers

Coach, Manager 1801 0 0 0 0
Professional Athlete 1809 32 4 7 0
PROFESSIONAL, TECHNICAL AND RELATED WORKERS n.e.c.
Librarians, Archivists and Curators

Librarian 1910 73 4 37 57
Sociologists, Anthropologists and Related Scientists

Psychologist 1921 66 17 24 9
Archeologist 1922 0 0 0 0
Historian 1923 0 0 0 0
Social Scientist n.e.c. 1924 8 5 4 3
Sociologist 1929 1 0 0 0
Social Workers 1930 20 0 5 10

Group Worker 1931 0 0 0 0
Social Worker 1939 276 43 107 100
Personnel and Occupational Specialists 1940 204 57 128 58

Job Counselor 1941 0 0 0 0
Personnel Director 1949 0 0 0 0
Philologists, Translators and Interpreters

Philologist 1951 0 0 0 0
Translator 1959 0 0 0 0

Other Professional, Technical and Related Workers
Appendix I
Diviner 1991 0 0 0 0
Fingerprint Expert 1992 0 0 0 0
Explorer 1993 0 0 0 0
Peace Corps Member 1994 0 0 0 0
Advertising Executive 1995 0 0 0 0
Technician 1999 121 48 44 14
ADMINISTRATIVE AND MANAGERIAL WORKERS
LEGISLATIVE OFFICIALS AND GOVERNMENT ADMINISTRATORS
Heads of Government Jurisdiction 2010 164 166 98 39

Provincial Governor 2011 0 0 0 0
District Head 2012 0 0 0 0
Head, Large City 2013 0 0 0 0
Head, City or Small City 2014 0 0 0 0
Village Head 2015 0 0 0 0
Chief of State 2019 0 0 0 0
Members of Legislative Bodies 2020 4 9 3 1

Member Upper House 2021 0 0 0 0
Member Lower House 2022 0 0 0 0
Member Provincial House 2023 0 0 0 0
Member Local Council 2024 0 0 0 0
Leader of House 2029 0 0 0 0
High Administrative Officials 2030 5 15 2 1

Ambassador 2031 0 0 0 0
Diplomat 2032 0 0 0 0
High Civil Servant, Dept. Head 2033 0 0 0 0
Dept. Head, Provincial Government 2034 0 0 0 0
Dept. Head, Local Government 2035 0 0 0 0
Chief's Counselor 2036 0 0 0 0
Government Minister 2039 0 0 0 0
MANAGERS
General Managers 2110 131 67 83 38

Head of Large Firm 2111 0 0 0 0
Head of Firm 2112 0 0 0 0
Head of Small Firm 2113 0 0 0 0
Banker 2114 0 0 0 0
Banker, Large Bank 2115 0 0 0 0
Building Contractor 2116 0 0 0 0
Member Board of Directors 2119 0 0 0
Production Managers (Except Farm)

Factory Manager 2120 0 0 0 0
Managers n.e.c. 2190 2640 2192 1490 616

Branch Manager 2191 0 0 0 0
Department Manager 2192 34 19 21 15
Department Manager, Large Firm 2193 0 0 0 0
Business Executive 2194 0 0 0 0
Politician, Party Official 2195 0 0 0 0
Union Official 2196 0 0 0 0
High Union Official 2197 0 0 0 0
Businessman 2199 0 0 0 0
CLERICAL AND RELATED WORKERS
CLERICAL SUPERVISORS
Clerical Supervisors 3000 178 43 75 62

Office Manager 3009 0 0 0 0
GOVERNMENT EXECUTIVE OFFICIALS
Appendix I
Government Executive Officials 3100 11 0 9 3

Civil Servant, Minor Civil Servant 3101 0 0 0 0
Government Inspector 3102 78 97 53 7
Customs Inspector 3103 0 0 0 0
Tax Collector 3104 0 0 0 0
Middle Rank Civil Servant 3109 0 0 0 0
STENOGRAPHERS, TYPISTS AND CARD- AND TAPE-PUNCHING MACHINE OPERATORS
Stenographers, Typists and Teletypists

Secretary 3211 969 14 490 1084
Typist, Stenographer 3219 91 5 45 48
Card- and Tape-Punching Machine Operators

Keypunch Operator 3220 121 6 40 43
BOOKKEEPERS, CASHIERS AND RELATED WORKERS
Bookkeepers and Cashiers

Cashier 3311 648 17 192 349
Head Cashier 3312 0 0 0 0
Bank Teller 3313 111 8 58 101
Post Office Clerk 3314 0 0 0 0
Ticket Seller 3315 0 0 0 0
Bookkeeper 3319 424 55 231 352
Bookkeepers, Cashiers and Related Workers n.e.c.

Bill Collector 3391 72 1 35 13
Financial Clerk 3399 47 10 16 33
COMPUTING MACHINE OPERATORS
Bookkeeping and Calculating Machine Operators 3410 39 0 19 5
Automatic Data-Processing Machine Operators

Computer Operator 3420 66 13 34 13
TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATIONS SUPERVISORS
Railway Station Masters

Railway Stationmaster 3510 0 0 0 0
Postmasters
Postmaster 3520 9 28 6 12
Transport and Communications Supervisors n.e.c.

Dispatcher, Expeditor 3590 176 105 94 41
TRANSPORT CONDUCTORS
Transport Conductors
Bus, Streetcar Conductor 3601 0 0 0 0
Sleeping Car Porter 3602 0 0 0 0
Railroad Conductor 3609 15 86 8 0
MAIL DISTRIBUTION CLERKS
Mail Distribution Clerks 3700 135 80 49 62

Office Boy, Messenger 3701 35 6 14 0
Mail Carrier 3709 77 159 45 23

TELEPHONE AND TELEGRAPH OPERATORS
Appendix I
Telephone and Telegraph Operators 3800 2 2 1 1

Telegraph Operator 3801 1 6 1 1
Radio Operator 3802 0 0 0 0
Telephone Operator 3809 91 4 26 103
CLERICAL AND RELATED WORKERS n.e.c.
Stock Clerks
Shipping Clerk 3911 158 59 69 31
Stockroom Attendant 3919 132 46 59 27
Material and Production Planning Clerks 3920 179 32 70 54
Correspondence and Reporting Clerks 3930 3 0 1 1

Government Office Clerk 3931 0 0 0 0
Law Clerk 3932 0 0 0 0
Office Clerk 3939 414 58 162 224
Receptionists and Travel Agency Clerks 3940 31 0 10 8

Transportation Agent 3941 0 0 0 0
Railway Baggageman 3942 0 0 0 0
Travel Agent 3943 0 0 0 0
Floor Walker 3944 0 0 0 0
Receptionist 3949 231 6 122 95
Library and Filing Clerks

Filing Clerk 3951 71 6 35 27
Library Assistant 3959 48 3 14 14
Clerks n.e.c. 3990 358 52 168 111

Political Party Worker 3992 0 0 0 0
Meter Reader 3993 11 19 7 0
Proofreader 3999 6 1 1 10
SALES WORKERS
MANAGERS (WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE)
Managers (Wholesale and Retail Trade)

Service Station Manager 4001 0 0 0 0
Credit Manager 4002 0 0 0 0
Retail Manager 4009 0 0 0 0
WORKING PROPRIETORS (WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE)
Working Proprietors (Wholesale and Retail Trade)

Large Shop Owner 4101 0 0 0 0
One-Man Stand Operator 4102 0 0 0 0
Automobile Dealer 4103 0 0 0 0
Broker 4104 0 0 0 0
Livestock Broker 4105 0 0 0 0
Wholesale Distributor 4106 0 0 0 0
Smuggler 4107 0 0 0 0
Labor Contractor 4108 0 0 0 0
Shop Keeper 4109 0 0 0 0
SALES SUPERVISORS AND BUYERS
Sales Supervisors
Sales Manager 4210 713 841 406 259
Buyers 4220 105 74 50 22

Purchasing Agent 4221 0 0 0 0
Agricultural Buyer 4222 5 19 5 1
Buyer 4229 0 0 0 0
Appendix I
TECHNICAL SALESMAN, COMMERCIAL TRAVELLERS AND MANUFACTURERS' AGENTS
Technical Salesmen and Service Advisers

Utility Co. Salesman 4311 0 0 0 0
Sales Engineer 4319 8 3 4 0
Commercial Travellers and Manufacturers' Agents

Traveling Salesman 4320 285 365 164 37
INSURANCE, REAL ESTATE, SECURITIES AND BUSINESS SERVICES SALESMEN AND

AUCTIONEERS
4400 103 38 56 19
Insurance, Real Estate and Securities Salesman
Real Estate Agent 4410 192 53 89 57
Stock Broker 4411 218 98 106 104
Insurance Agent 4412 86 31 43 5
4419 160 215 86 43
Business Services Salesmen
Advertising Salesman
4420 42 15 24 4
Auctioneers
Auctioneer
Appraiser 4430 0 0 0 0
Insurance Claims Investigator 4431 201 14 73 46
4432 87 18 30 19
SALESMEN, SHOP ASSISTANTS AND RELATED WORKERS
Salesmen, Shop Assistants and Demonstrators

Automobile Salesman
Gas Station Attendant 4511 0 0 0 0
Model 4512 0 0 0 0
Sales Demonstrator 4513 18 0 5 5
Sales Clerk 4514 0 0 0 0
4519 920 434 406 622
Street Vendors, Canvassers and Newsvendors 4520 38 98 32 4

Street Vendor, Peddler 4521 98 30 34 58
Telephone Solicitor 4522 0 0 0 0
Newspaper Seller 4523 16 9 7 8
Routeman 4524 0 0 0 0
Narcotics Peddler 4525 0 0 0 0
Market Trader 4529 0 0 0 0
SALES WORKERS n.e.c.
Sales Workers n.e.c.

Money Lender 4900 12 4 8 0
SERVICE WORKERS
MANAGERS (CATERING AND LODGING SERVICES)
Managers (Catering and Lodging Services)

Hotel Manager 5001 0 0 0 0
Apartment Manager 5002 0 0 0 0
Bar Manager 5009 0 0 0 0
WORKING PROPRIETORS (CATERING AND LODGING SERVICES)
Working Proprietors (Catering and Lodging Services)

Lunchroom, Coffee Shop Operator 5101 0 0 0 0
Hotel Operator 5102 0 0 0 0
Boardinghouse Keeper 5103 0 0 0 0
Pub Keeper 5104 0 0 0 0
Restaurant Owner 5109 0 0 0 0
Appendix I
HOUSEKEEPING AND RELATED SERVICE SUPERVISORS
Housekeeping and Related Service Supervisors 5200 244 74 119 124

Housekeeper 5201 0 0 0 0
Steward 5209 0 0 0 0
COOKS, WAITERS, BARTENDERS AND RELATED WORKERS 5300 160 11 42 148
Cooks
Master Cook 5311 0 0 0 0
Cook's Helper 5312 78 8 20 29
Cook 5319 405 101 141 444
Waiters, Bartenders and Related Workers 5320 49 1 8 10

Bartender 5321 97 28 26 36
Soda Fountain Clerk 5322 86 7 28 32
Waiter 5329 466 26 113 451
MAIDS AND RELATED HOUSEKEEPING SERVICE WORKERS n.e.c.
Maids and Related Housekeeping Service Workers n.e.c. 5400 198 13 66 207
Nursemaid 5401 396 3 164 238
Hotel Chambermaid 5402 0 0 0 0
Hotel Concierge 5403 0 0 0 0
Servant 5409 0 0 0 0
BUILDING CARETAKERS, CHARWORKERS, CLEANERS AND RELATED WORKERS 5500 532 322 221 211
Building Caretakers 5510 57 31 25 15

Concierge (Apartment House) 5511 0 0 0 0
Sexton 5512 0 0 0 0
Janitor 5519 0 0 0 0
Charworkers, Cleaners and Related Workers 5520 242 9 66 510

Window Washer 5521 0 0 0 0
Chimney Sweep 5522 0 0 0 0
Charworker 5529 0 0 0 0
LAUNDERERS, DRY-CLEANERS AND PRESSERS
Launderers, Dry-Cleaners and Pressers

Launderer 5600 111 48 28 157
HAIRDRESSERS, BARBERS, BEAUTICIANS AND RELATED WORKERS
Hairdressers, Barbers, Beauticians and Related Workers 5700 14 6 4 7

Master Barber 5701 0 0 0 0
Beautician 5702 241 15 101 199
Operator of Hairdressing Salon 5703 0 0 0 0
Barber 5709 18 66 11 4
PROTECTIVE SERVICE WORKERS
Fire-Fighters
Fireman 5810 71 125 37 1
Police and Detectives

Police Officer 5821 20 21 7 1
High Police Official 5822 0 0 0 0
Specialized Law Officer 5823 0 0 0 0
Policeman 5829 144 198 78 21

Protective Service Workers n.e.c. 5890 207 142 99 38
Appendix I
Prison Guard 5891 56 31 42 3

Bailiff 5892 0 0 0 0
Armed Forces1 5895 162 419 122 20
Watchman 5899 0 0 0 0
SERVICE WORKERS n.e.c. 5900 131 9 40 54

Guides
Museum Attendant 5910 6 0 7 0
Undertakers and Embalmers

Undertaker 5920 13 23 5 5
Other Service Worker 5990 32 21 20 8

Entertainment Attendant 5991 48 10 17 13
Elevator Operator 5992 1 5 2 4
Hotel Bell Boy 5993 0 0 0 0
Doorkeeper 5994 0 0 0 0
Shoe Shiner 5995 0 0 0 0
Airline Stewardess 5996 0 0 0 0
Bookmaker 5997 0 0 0 0
Bell Captain in Hotel 5998 6 9 4 1
Medical Attendant 5999 626 16 184 461
1
This code is not part of the International Standard Classification Codes. It is a code used by NORC.
AGRICULTURAL, ANIMAL HUSBANDRY AND FORESTRY WORKERS, FISHERMEN AND

HUNTERS
FARM MANAGERS AND SUPERVISORS
Farm Managers and Supervisors

Farm Foreman 6000 49 103 21 3
Farm Manager 6001 6 22 2 2
6009 0 0 0 0
FARMERS
General Farmers
Large Farmer 6110 223 2845 144 91
Small Farmer 6111 0 0 0 0
Tenant Farmer 6112 0 0 0 0
Share Cropper 6113 0 0 0 0
Collective Farmer 6114 0 0 0 0
Settler 6115 0 0 0 0
Unpaid Family Farm Worker 6116 0 0 0 0
Farmer 6117 0 0 0 0
6119 0 0 0 0
Specialized Farmers
Specialized Farmer
6120 16 21 5 0
AGRICULTURAL AND ANIMAL HUSBANDRY WORKERS
General Farm Workers 6210 146 452 43 141

Migrant Worker 6211 0 0 0 0
Farm Hand 6219 0 0 0 0
Field Crop and Vegetable Farm Workers

Field Crop Worker 6220 0 423 0 0
Orchard, Vineyard and Related Tree and Shrub Crop Workers

Palmwine Harvester 6230 0 0 0 0

Livestock Workers
Appendix I
Livestock Worker 6240 29 10 11 6
Dairy Farm Worker

Milker 6250 0 0 0 0
Poultry Farm Workers 6260 0 0 0 0
Nursery Workers and Gardeners

Gardener 6270 140 128 74 13
Farm Machinery Operators

Tractor Driver 6280 0 0 0 0
Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Workers n.e.c.

Gatherer 6291 0 0 0 0
Skilled Farm Worker 6299 0 0 0 0
FORESTRY WORKERS
Loggers 6310 1 11 1 0
Whistle Punk 6311 0 0 0 0
Logger 6319 20 108 14 2
Forestry Workers (Except Logging) 6320 7 6 3 1

Timber Cruiser 6321 0 0 0 0
Tree Surgeon 6322 0 0 0 0
Forester 6329 0 0 0 0
FISHERMEN, HUNTERS AND RELATED WORKERS

Fishermen 6410 19 60 4 1
Fisherman With Own Boat 6411 0 0 0 0
Fisherman 6419 0 0 0 0
Fishermen, Hunters and Related Workers n.e.c. 6490 1

Hunter 6491 0 2 1 0
Whaler 6499 0 0 0 0
PRODUCTION AND RELATED WORKERS, TRANSPORT EQUIPMENT OPERATORS AND

LABORERS
PRODUCTION SUPERVISORS AND GENERAL FOREMEN

Production Supervisors and General Foreman 7000 524 988 379 67
Supervisor 7001 0 0 0 0
Foreman 7009 0 0 0 0
MINERS, QUARRYMEN, WELL DRILLERS AND RELATED WORKERS

Miners and Quarrymen
Specialized Mine Worker 7110 9 49 3 0
Quarry Worker 7111 2 8 0 0
Instructor in Mine 7112 0 0 0 0
Miner 7113 0 0 0 0
Mineral and Stone Treaters 7119 14 211 5 2
Well Drillers, Borers and Related Workers

Oil Field Worker 7120 0 0 0 0
METAL PROCESSORS
Metal Smelting, Converting and Refining Furnacemen

Steel Mill Worker 7130 9 36 9 0
Metal Rolling-Mill Workers

Rolling Mill Operator 7210 0 0 0 0
Metal Melters and Reheaters

7220 1 10 1 0
Metal Casters
Appendix I
Metal Caster 7230 4 4 2 0
Metal Moulders and Coremakers 7240 36 21 11

41
Metal Annealers, Temperers, and Case-Hardeners 7250 0 0 0 0
Metal Drawers and Extruders 7260 0 0 0 0
Metal Platers and Coaters 7270 10 5 4 0

Galvinizer 7280 8 8 12 2
Metal Processors n.e.c. 7290 0 0 0 0
WOOD PREPARATION WORKERS AND PAPER MAKERS
Wood Treaters 7310 0 0 0 0
Sawyers, Plywood Makers and Related Wood-Processing Workers 7320 32 74 15 1

Lumber Grader 7321 0 0 0 0
Sawyer in Saw Mill 7329 0 0 0 0
Paper Pulp Preparers 7330 0 0 0 0
Paper Makers
Paper Maker 7340 0 0 0 0
CHEMICAL PROCESSORS AND RELATED WORKERS
Crushers, Grinders and Mixers 7410 26 47 19 8
Cookers, Roasters and Related Heat-Treaters 7420 0 0 0 0
Filter and Separator Operators 7430 14 30 11 4
Still and Reactor Operators 7440 0 0 0 0
Petroleum-Refining Workers
Petroleum Worker 7450 0 0 0 0
Chemical Processors and Related Workers

Charcoal Burner 7491 0 0 0 0
Chemical Worker 7499 0 0 0 0
SPINNERS, WEAVERS, KNITTERS, DYERS AND RELATED WORKERS
Fiber Preparers 7510 0 0 0 0
Spinners and Winders

Spinner 7520 32 15 10 42
Weaving- and Knitting-Machine Setters and Pattern-Card Preparers

Machine Loom Fixer, Operator 7530 0 0 0 0
Weavers and Related Workers 7540 19 21 6 40

Cloth Grader 7541 0 0 0 0
Weaver 7549 0 0 0 0
Knitters
Knitting Machine Operator 7550 0 0 0 0
Bleachers, Dyers and Textile Product Finishers

Cloth Dyer 7560 0 0 0 0
Spinners, Weavers, Knitters, Dyers and Related Workers n.e.c.

Textile Mill Worker 7590 0 0 0 0
TANNERS, FELLMONGERS AND PELT DRESSERS
Tanners and Fellmongers 7610 0 0 0 0

Pelt Dressers 7620 0 0 0 0
Appendix I
FOOD AND BEVERAGE PROCESSORS
Grain Millers and Related Workers

Grain Mill Owner-Operator 7711 0 0 0 0
Grain Miller 7719 0 0 0 0
Sugar Processors and Refiners

Sugar Boiler 7720 0 0 0 0
Butchers and Meat Preparers 7730 49 128 27 19

Packing House Butcher 7731 0 0 0 0
Master Butcher 7732 0 0 0 0
Butcher 7739 0 0 0 0
Food Preservers
Cannery Worker 7740 0 0 0 0
Dairy Product Processors 7750 0 0 0 0
Bakers, Pastrycooks and Confectionery Makers 7760 47 54 23 29

Master Baker 7761 0 0 0 0
Baker 7769 0 0 0 0
Tea, Coffee and Cocoa Preparers 7770 0 0 0 0
Brewers, Wine and Beverage Makers

Moonshiner 7780 0 0 0 0
Food and Beverage Processors n.e.c. 7790 21 11 4 16

Fish Butcher 7799 0 0 0 0
TOBACCO PREPARERS AND TOBACCO PRODUCT MAKERS
Tobacco Preparers 7810 0 0 0 0
Cigar Makers
Cigar Maker 7820 0 0 0 0
Cigarette Makers 7830 0 0 0 0
Tobacco Preparers and Tobacco Product Makers n.e.c.

Tobacco Factory Worker 7890 0 0 0 0
TAILORS, DRESSMAKERS, SEWERS, UPHOLSTERERS AND RELATED WORKERS
Tailors and Dressmakers 7910 43 3 23 191

Custom Seamstress 7911 0 0 0 0
Tailor 7919 15 42 5 20
Fur Tailors and Related Workers

Fur Coat Tailor 7920 0 0 0 0
Milliners and Hatmakers

Milliner 7930 0 0 0 0
Patternmakers and Cutters

Garment Cutter 7940 7 0 3 0
Sewers and Embroiderers

Sewing Machine Operator 7950 212 23 83 411
Upholsterers and Related Workers

Upholsterer 7960 26 20 9 5
Tailors, Dressmakers, Sewers, Upholsterers and Related Workers n.e.c. 7990 33 45 12 52

SHOEMAKERS AND LEATHER GOODS MAKERS
Appendix I
Shoemakers and Shoe Repairers

Shoemaker, Repairer 8010 10 36 1 5
Shoe Cutters, Lasters, Sewers and Related Workers 8020 17 10 6 37
Leather Goods Makers

Leather Worker 8030 0 0 0 0
CABINETMAKERS AND RELATED WOODWORKERS
Cabinetmakers
Cabinetmaker 8110 24 27 17 5
Woodworking-Machine Operators 8120 16 13 2 3
Cabinetmakers and Related Woodworkers n.e.c. 8190 15 20 8 3

Wood Vehicle Builder 8191 0 0 0 0
Cooper 8199 0 0 0 0
STONE CUTTERS AND CARVERS

Stone Cutters and Carvers
Tombstone Carver 8200 0 0 0 0
BLACKSMITHS, TOOLMAKERS AND MACHINETOOL OPERATORS

Blacksmiths, Hammersmiths and Forging-Press Operators
Forging-Press Operator 8311 3 8 0 0
Blacksmith 8319 0 0 0 0
Toolmakers, Metal Patternmakers and Metal Markers

Metal Patternmaker 8321 1 5 2 0
Tool and Die Maker 8329 35 134 20 1
Machine-Tool Setter-Operators 8330 19 27 11 2

Turner 8331 0 0 0 0
Machine Set-Up Man 8339 0 0 0 0
Machine-Tool Operators
Machine Operator in Factory 8340 479 622 229 301
Metal Grinders, Polishers and Tool Sharpeners 8350 2 5 6 0

Polishing Machine Operator 8351 28 26 16 3
Saw Sharpener 8359 0 0 0 0
Blacksmiths, Toolmakers and Machine-Tool Operators n.e.c.

Locksmith 8390 10 5 5 0
MACHINERY FITTERS, MACHINE ASSEMBLERS AND PRECISION INSTRUMENT MAKERS

(EXCEPT ELECTRICAL)
Machinery Fitters and Machine Assemblers

Aircraft Worker 8411 0 0 0 0
Millwright 8412 0 0 0 0
Machinist or Fitter 8419 0 0 0 0
Watch, Clock and Precision Instrument Makers 8420 6 17 8 2

Fine Fitter 8421 6 14 5 3
Dental Mechanic 8422 12 11 4 5
Watch Maker, Repairman 8429 0 0 0 0
Motor Vehicle Mechanics 8430 206 405 126 4

Garage Operator 8431 0 0 0 0
Garage Mechanic 8439 0 0 0 0

Aircraft Engine Mechanics
Appendix I
Airplane Mechanic 8440 48 55 32 1
Machinery Fitters, Machine Assemblers and Precision Instrument Makers

(Except Electrical) n.e.c. 8490 113 183 81 3
Bicycle Repairman 8491 0 0 0 0
Mechanic's Helper 8492 0 0 0 0
Assembly Line Worker 8493 284 233 145 321
Unskilled Garage Worker 8494 67 53 26 9
Mechanic, Repairman 8499 227 439 119 35
ELECTRICAL FITTERS AND RELATED ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS WORKERS

Electrical Fitters
Electrical Fitter 8510 0 0 0 0
Electronics Fitters 8520 80 70 39 1
Electrical and Electronic Equipment Assemblers

Electronic Assembler 8530 116 66 52 55
Radio and Television Repairmen

Radio, TV Repairman 8540 23 30 11 0
Electrical Wiremen
Master Electrician (Own Shop) 8551 0 0 0 0
Electrician 8559 158 314 116 5
Telephone and Telegraph Installers

Telephone Installer 8560 59 103 33 4
Electric Linemen and Cable Jointers

Power Lineman 8570 25 41 19 0
Electrical Fitters and Related Electrical and Electronics Workers 8590 17 18 5 0
BROADCASTING STATION AND SOUND EQUIPMENT OPERATORS AND CINEMA

PROJECTIONISTS
Broadcasting Station Operators
Broadcasting Station Operator 8610 21 15 8 5
Sound Equipment Operators and Cinema Projectionists

Motion Picture Projectionist 8620 5 5 1 1
PLUMBERS, WELDERS, SHEET METAL AND STRUCTURAL METAL PREPARERS AND

ERECTORS
Plumbers and Pipe Fitters

Master Plumber (Own Business) 8711 0 0 0 0
Plumber 8719 135 224 80 0
Welders and Flame-Cutters

Welder 8720 157 247 78 23
Sheet-Metal Workers 8730 74 84 29 1

Copper, Tin Smith 8731 0 0 0 0
Boilermaker 8732 4 30 6 0
Vehicle Body Builder 8733 0 0 0 0
Sheet-Metal Worker 8739 22 50 12 0
Structural Metal Preparers and Erectors

Structural Steel Worker 8740 23 56 16 0
JEWELRY AND PRECIOUS METAL WORKERS
Jewelry and Precious Metal Workers 8800 13 10 9 3

Master Jeweler, Goldsmith 8801 0 0 0 0
Appendix I
Jeweler, Goldsmith 8809 0 0 0 0
GLASS FORMERS, POTTERS AND RELATED WORKERS
Glass Formers, Cutters, Grinders and Finishers 8910 21 13 8 5

Glass Blower 8911 0 0 0 0
Lens Grinder 8919 0 0 0 0
Potters and Related Clay and Abrasive Formers

Potter 8920 0 0 0 0
Glass and Ceramics Kilnmen 8930 31 96 18 0
Glass Engravers and Etchers 8940 0 0 0 0
Glass and Ceramics Painters and Decorators 8950 12 11 7 3
Glass Formers, Potters, and Related Workers n.e.c. 8990 0 1 0 0
RUBBER AND PLASTICS PRODUCT MAKERS
Rubber and Plastics Product Makers (Except Tire Makers and Tire 9010 0 0 0 0
Tire Makers and Vulcanizers 9020 0 0 0 0
PAPER AND PAPERBOARD PRODUCTS MAKERS
Paper and Paperboard Products Makers 9100 0 0 0 0
PRINTERS AND RELATED WORKERS
Compositors and Typesetters 9210 14 23 7 7

Master Printer 9211 0 0 0 0
Printer 9219 0 0 0 0
Printing Pressmen
Printing Pressman 9220 100 84 38 17
Stereotypers and Electrotypers 9230 0 0 0 0
Printing Engravers (Except Photoengravers)

Metal Engraver 9240 1 3 1 0
Photoengravers
Photoengraver 9250 11 10 5 1
Bookbinders and Related Workers

Bookbinder 9260 12 7 4 10
Photographic Darkroom Workers

Photograph Developer 9270 22 1 7 10
Printers and Related Workers n.e.c.

Graphics Printer 9290 0 0 0 0
PAINTERS
Painters, Construction 9310 94 166 51 3

Master Building Painter 9311 0 0 0 0
Building Painter 9319 0 0 0 0
Painters n.e.c.
Automobile Painter 9390 38 35 16 5

PRODUCTION AND RELATED WORKERS n.e.c.
Appendix I
Musical Instrument Makers and Tuners

Piano Tuner 9410 0 0 0 0
Basketry Weavers and Brush Makers

Basketweaver 9420 0 0 0 0
Non-Metallic Mineral Product Makers 9430 31 37 13 19
Other Production and Related Workers 9490 61 56 32 28

Ivory Carver 9491 0 0 0 0
Taxidermist 9492 0 0 0 0
Calabash Maker 9493 0 0 0 0
Quality Checker 9499 193 97 89 76
BRICKLAYERS, CARPENTERS AND OTHER CONSTRUCTION WORKERS

Bricklayers, Stonemasons and Tile Setters
Mason 9510 64 149 31 1
Reinforced-Concreters, Cement Finishers and Terrazzo Workers

Cement Finisher 9520 19 26 12 0
Roofers
Roofer 9530 50 38 27 2
Carpenters, Joiners and Parquetry Workers

Master Carpenter 9541 0 0 0 0
Carpenter's Helper 9542 0 0 0 0
Carpenter 9549 0 0 0 0
Plasterers
Master Plasterer 9551 0 0 0 0
Plasterer 9559 6 24 4 0
Insulators
Insulation Installer 9560 11 7 8 0
Glaziers
Glazier 9570 5 10 6 0
Construction Workers n.e.c.

Master Paperhanger 9591 0 0 0 0
Maintenance Man 9592 0 0 0 0
Skilled Construction Worker 9593 0 0 0 0
Construction Laborer n.e.c. 9594 731 1253 340 9
Unskilled Construction Laborer 9595 10 4 4 1
House Builder 9596 0 0 0 0
Paperhanger 9599 7 8 2 3
STATIONARY ENGINE AND RELATED EQUIPMENT OPERATORS
Power-Generating Machinery Operators

Power Station Operator 9610 6 7 5 0
Stationary Engine and Related Equipment Operators n.e.c.

Stationary Engineer 9690 156 416 108 8
MATERIAL-HANDLING AND RELATED EQUIPMENT OPERATORS, DOCKERS AND FREIGHT

HANDLERS
Dockers and Freight Handlers 9710 112 84 45 3
Warehouse Hand 9711 0 0 0 0
Porter 9712 120 31 50 48
Railway, Airport Porter 9713 0 0 0 0
Packer 9714 178 51 65 172
Longshoreman 9719 8 44 7 0
Appendix I
Riggers and Cable Splicers 9720 0 0 0 0
Crane and Hoist Operators 9730 24 68 18 1

Drawbridge Tender 9731 0 0 0 0
Power Crane Operator 9739 0 0 0 0
Earth-Moving and Related Machinery Operators

Road Machinery Operator 9740 30 48 20 0
Material-Handling Equipment Operators n.e.c. 9790 230 229 129 7
TRANSPORT EQUIPMENT OPERATORS
Ships' Deck Ratings, Barge Crews and Boatmen 9810 5 34 7 0

Boatman 9811 0 0 0 0
Seaman 9819 0 0 0 0
Ships' Engine-Room Ratings

Ship's Engine-Room Hand 9820 0 0 0 0
Railway Engine Drivers and Firemen 9830 17 78 10 0

Locomotive Fireman 9831 0 0 0 0
Ore Train Motorman in Mine 9832 0 0 0 0
Locomotive Engineer 9839 0 0 0 0
Railway Brakemen, Signalmen and Shunters

Railway Switchman, Brakeman 9840 0 0 0 0
Motor Vehicle Drivers

Bus, Tram Driver 9851 128 80 63 75
Driver, Truck Driver 9852 597 963 381 14
Small Transport Operator 9853 0 0 0 0
Truck Driver's Helper 9854 0 0 0 0
Driving Teacher 9855 0 0 0 0
Taxi Driver 9859 57 87 25 9
Animal and Animal-Drawn Vehicle Drivers

Wagoneer 9861 0 0 0 0
Animal Driver 9869 0 0 0 0
Transport Equipment Operators n.e.c. 9890 10 7 5 0

Railway Crossing Guard 9891 22 58 12 11
Pedal-Vehicle Driver 9899 0 0 0 0
MANUAL WORKERS n.e.c.
Skilled Workers n.e.c.

Independent Artisan 9951 0 0 0 0
Skilled Worker 9959 0 0 0 0
Semi-Skilled Workers n.e.c.

Apprentice 9971 13 9 10 0
Factory Worker 9979 7 4 7 12
Laborers n.e.c. 9990 328 656 172 222

Unskilled Factory Laborer 9991 0 0 0 0
Contract Laborer 9992 0 0 0 0
Itinerant Worker 9993 0 0 0 0
Railway Track Worker 9994 0 0 0 0
Street Sweeper 9995 0 0 0 0
Garbage Collector 9996 9 32 13 1
Road Construction Laborer 9997 0 0 0 0
Laborer 9999 0 0 0 0
NOT APPLICABLE, NO ANSWER IAP 23648 29574 39761 40767
Appendix I
1988 International Standard Classification Codes Punch

(based on 1980 U.S. occupational codes) Occupation N's
Code Respon- R's R's R's
dent Father Spouse Mother
(ISCO88) (PAISCO88) (SPISCO88) (MAISCO88)
LEGISLATORS, SENIOR OFFICIALS AND MANAGERS
LEGISLATORS AND SENIOR OFFICIALS
Legislators 1110 4 9 3 1
Senior Government Officials 1120 169 181 100 40
Traditional Chiefs and Heads of Villages 1130 0 0 0 0
Senior Officials of Special Interest Organizations

Senior officials of political-party organizations 1141 0 0 0 0
Senior officials of employers', workers' and other economic- 1142 0 0 0 0
Senior officials of humanitarian and other special-interest 1143 0 0 0 0
CORPORATE MANAGERS
Directors and Chief Executives 1210 0 0 0 0
Production and Operations Department Managers

Production and operations department managers in agriculture,
hunting, forestry and fishing organizations 1221 0 0 0 0
Production and operations department managers in manufacturing 1222 0 0 0 0
Production and operations department managers in construction 1223 0 0 0 0
Production and operations department managers in wholesale and 1224 0 0 0 0
t il t dand operations department managers in restaurants and
Production 1225 0 0 0 0
h t l
Production and operations department managers in transport,
storage and communications 1226 9 28 6 12
Production and operations department managers in business services 1227 0 0 0 0
Production and operations department managers in personal care,
cleaning and related services 1228 0 0 0 0
Production and operations department managers n.e.c. 1229 2443 2063 1377 595
Other Department Managers

Finance and administration department managers 1231 150 79 94 48
Personnel and industrial relations department managers 1232 34 19 21 15
Sales and marketing department managers 1233 197 129 113 21
Advertising and public relations department managers 1234 0 0 0 0
Supply and distribution managers 1235 0 0 0 0
Computing services department managers 1236 0 0 0 0
Research and development department managers 1237 0 0 0 0
Other department managers n.e.c. 1239 0 0 0 0
Misc. Office Supervisors 1240 159 31 64 52
GENERAL MANAGERS
General Managers
General managers in agriculture, hunting, forestry and fishing 1311 27 82 11 2
General managers in manufacturing 1312 0 0 0 0
General managers in construction 1313 0 0 0 0
General managers in wholesale and retail trade 1314 713 841 406 259
General managers of restaurants and hotels 1315 0 0 0 0
General managers of transport, storage and communications 1316 0 0 0 0
General managers of business services 1317 0 0 0 0
General managers of personal care, cleaning and related services 1318 0 0 0 0
General managers n.e.c. 1319 0 0 0 0
PROFESSIONALS
PHYSICAL, MATHEMATICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCE PROFESSIONALS
Physicists, Chemists and Related Professionals 2110 9 5 7 1

Appendix I

Physicists and astronomers 2111 4 14 4 1
Meteorologists 2112 4 6 1 0
Chemists 2113 31 60 24 7
Geologists and geophysicists 2114 8 7 7 1
Mathematicians, Statisticians and Related Professionals

Mathematicians and related professionals 2121 18 7 15 2
Statisticians 2122 8 3 4 0
Computing Professionals
Computer systems designers and analysts
Computer programmers 2131 265 59 135 16
Computing professionals n.e.c. 2132 145 61 74 28
2139 0 0 0 0
Architects, Engineers and Related Professionals
Architects, town and traffic planners 2141 53 47 25 8
Civil engineers 2142 68 161 46 4
Electrical engineers 2143 113 213 94 7
Electronics and telecommunications engineers 2144 0 0 0 0
Mechanical engineers 2145 106 247 77 3
Chemical engineers 2146 25 67 11 3
Mining engineers, metallurgists and related professionals 2147 7 22 6 0
Cartographers and surveyors 2148 10 17 11 1
Architects, engineers and related professionals n.e.c. 2149 255 131 109 7
LIFE SCIENCE AND HEALTH PROFESSIONALS
Life Science Professionals

Biologists, botanists, zoologists and related professionals 2211 26 2 10 9
Pharmacologists, pathologists and related professionals 2212 0 0 0 0
Agronomists and related professionals 2213 18 29 15 3
Health Professionals (except nursing)

Medical doctors 2221 124 182 100 30
Dentists 2222 28 51 20 6
Veterinarians 2223 11 21 11 3
Pharmacists 2224 35 43 20 14
Health professionals (except nursing) n.e.c. 2229 0 0 0 0
Nursing and Midwifery Professionals 2230 588 17 297 705
TEACHING PROFESSIONALS
College, University and Higher Education Teaching Professionals 2310 253 156 124 57
Secondary Education Teaching Professionals 2320 0 0 1 0

Primary and Pre-Primary Education Teaching Professionals

Primary education teaching professionals 2331 696 129 383 624
Pre-primary education teaching professionals 2332 110 1 58 79
Special Education Teaching Professionals 2340 49 2 17 28
Other Teaching Professionals

Education methods specialists 2351 0 0 0 0
School inspectors 2352 0 0 0 0
Other teaching professionals n.e.c. 2359 183 41 83 66
OTHER PROFESSIONALS
Business Professionals
Accountants 2411 351 265 173 142
Appendix I

Personnel and careers professionals 2412 204 57 128 58
Business professionals n.e.c. 2419 72 21 25 11
Legal Professionals
Lawyers 2421 258 171 144 42
Judges 2422 5 10 2 5
Legal professional n.e.c. 2429 0 0 0 0
Archivists, Librarians and Related Information Professionals

Archivists and curators 2431 11 2 4 2
Librarians and related information professionals 2432 73 2 40 60
Social Science and Related Professionals

Economists 2441 62 19 23 7
Sociologists, anthropologists and related professionals 2442 9 5 4 3
Philosophers, historians and political scientists 2443 0 0 0 0
Philologists, translators and interpreters 2444 0 0 0 0
Psychologists 2445 66 17 24 9
Social work professionals 2446 276 43 107 100
Writers and Creative or Performing Artists

Authors, journalists and other writers 2451 141 32 46 38
Sculptors, painters and related artists 2452 83 22 33 28
Composers, musicians and singers 2453 0 0 0 0
Choreographers and dancers 2454 0 0 0 0
Film, stage and related actors and directors 2455 47 7 19 4
Religious Professionals 2460 81 197 56 2
TECHNICIANS AND ASSOCIATE PROFESSIONALS
PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCE ASSOCIATE PROFESSIONALS 3100 121 48 44 14
Physical and Engineering Science Technicians

Chemical and physical science technicians 3111 68 33 36 7
Civil engineering technicians 3112 0 0 0 0
Electrical engineering technicians 3113 144 51 77 9
Electronics and telecommunications engineering 3114 0 0 0 0
Mechanical engineering technicians 3115 4 1 0 0
Chemical engineering technicians 3116 0 0 0 0
Mining and metallurgical technicians 3117 0 0 0 0
Draughtspersons 3118 69 71 23 6
Physical and engineering science technicians n.e.c. 3119 55 30 25 3
Computer Associate Professionals

Computer assistants 3121 0 0 0 0
Computer equipment operators 3122 70 13 38 14
Industrial robot controllers 3123 2 1 1 0
Optical and Electronic Equipment Operators

Photographers and image and sound recording equipment operators 3131 36 24 21 4
Broadcasting and telecommunications equipment operators 3132 29 28 11 8
Medical equipment operators 3133 37 10 21 11
Optical and electronic equipment operators n.e.c. 3139 0 0 0 0
Ship and Aircraft Controllers and Technicians 3140 0 0 0 0

Ships' engineers 3141 0 0 0 0
Ships' deck officers and pilots 3142 1 2 3 0
Aircraft pilots and related associate professionals 3143 37 65 24 0
Air traffic controllers 3144 12 12 3 1
Air traffic safety technicians 3145 0 0 0 0
Safety and Quality Inspectors

Building and fire inspectors 3151 14 18 8 0
Safety, health and quality inspectors 3152 2 0 1 0
Appendix I

LIFE SCIENCE AND HEALTH ASSOCIATE PROFESSIONALS
Life Science Technicians and Related Associate Professionals

Life science technicians 3211 235 22 97 62
Agronomy and forestry technicians 3212 0 0 0 0
Farming and forestry advisers 3213 0 0 0 0
Modern Health Associate Professionals (except nursing)

Medical assistants 3221 203 12 67 57
Sanitarians 3222 0 0 0 0
Dieticians and nutritionists 3223 26 2 15 35
Optometrists and opticians 3224 7 10 8 2
Dental assistants 3225 71 0 48 55
Physiotherapists and related associate professionals 3226 96 10 54 27
Veterinary assistants 3227 0 0 0 0
Pharmaceutical assistants 3228 0 0 0 0
Modern health associates (except nursing) n.e.c. 3229 44 10 21 11
Nursing and Midwidery Associate Professionals

Nursing associate professionals 3231 150 6 69 147
Midwifery associate professionals 3232 0 0 0 0
Traditional Medicine Practitioners and Faith Healers

Traditional medicine practitioners 3241 0 0 0 0
Faith healers 3242 0 0 0 0
TEACHING ASSOCIATE PROFESSIONALS
Primary Education Teaching Associate Professionals 3310 106 1 54 88
Pre-Primary Education Teaching Associate Professionals 3320 0 0 0 0
Special Education Teaching Associate Professionals 3330 0 0 0 0
Other Teaching Associate Professionals 3340 0 0 0 0
OTHER ASSOCIATE PROFESSIONALS
Finance and Sales Associate Professionals 3410 186 51 88 53

Securities and finance dealers and brokers 3411 86 31 43 5
Insurance representatives 3412 166 217 87 47
Estate agents 3413 218 98 106 104
Travel consultants and organizers 3414 0 0 0 0
Technical and commercial sales representatives 3415 293 368 168 37
Buyers 3416 110 93 55 23
Appraisers, valuers and auctioneers 3417 288 32 103 65
Finance and sales associate professionals n.e.c. 3419 0 0 0 0
Business Services Agents and Trade Brokers

Trade brokers 3421 0 0 0 0
Clearing and forwarding agents 3422 0 0 0 0
Employment agents and labor contractors 3423 0 0 0 0
Business services agents and trade
brokers n.e.c. 3429 129 49 75 19
Administrative Associate Professionals

Administrative secretaries and related associate professionals 3431 0 0 0 0
Legal and related business associate professionals 3432 0 0 0 0
Bookkeepers 3433 0 0 0 0
Statistical, mathematical and related associate professionals 3434 0 0 0 0
Administrative associate professionals n.e.c. 3439 0 0 0 0
Customs, Tax and Related Government Associate Professionals

Customs and border inspectors 3441 0 0 0 0
Government tax and excise officials 3442 0 0 0 0
Government social benefits officials 3443 11 0 9 3
Appendix I

Government licensing officials 3444 64 79 45 7
Customs, tax and related government associate professionals n.e.c. 3449 0 0 0 0
Police Inspectors and Detectives 3450 0 0 0 0
Social Work Associate Professionals 3460 85 3 21 36
Artistic, Entertainment and Sports Associate Professionals 3470 25 12 11 5

Decorators and commercial designers 3471 159 47 51 56
Radio, television and other announcers 3472 10 3 6 2
Street, night-club and related musicians, singers and dancers 3473 67 25 27 17
Clowns, magicians, acrobats and related associate professionals 3474 0 0 0 0
Athletes, sportspersons and related associate professionals 3475 32 4 7 0
Religious Associate Professionals 3480 21 5 10 9
CLERKS 4100 417 58 163 225
OFFICE CLERKS
Secretaries and Keyboard-Operating Clerks

Stenographers and typists 4111 91 5 45 48
Word-processor and related operators 4112 0 0 0 0
Data entry operators 4113 121 6 40 43
Calculating-machine operators 4114 35 0 15 4
Secretaries 4115 969 14 490 1084
Numerical Clerks
Accounting and bookkeeping clerks 4121 574 77 295 415
Statistical and finance clerks 4122 15 1 5 5
Material-Recording and Transport Clerks

Store clerks 4131 305 114 133 62
Production clerks 4132 148 21 57 37
Transport clerks 4133 179 103 89 38
Library, Mail and Related Clerks

Library and filing clerks 4141 75 5 24 27
Mail carriers and sorting clerks 4142 168 227 80 75
Coding, proof-reading and related clerks 4143 6 1 1 10
Scribes and related workers 4144 0 0 0 0
Other Office Clerks 4190 292 29 140 90
CUSTOMER SERVICES CLERKS
Cashiers, Tellers and Related Clerks

Cashiers and ticket clerks 4211 648 17 192 349
Tellers and other counter clerks 4212 155 20 72 111
Bookmakers and croupiers 4213 0 0 0 0
Pawnbrokers and money-lenders 4214 0 0 0 0
Debt-collectors and related workers 4215 33 5 16 11
Client Information Clerks

Travel agency and related clerks 4221 34 12 22 15
Receptionists and information clerks 4222 275 6 137 103
Telephone switchboard operators 4223 96 11 34 107
SERVICE WORKERS AND SHOP MARKET SALES WORKERS
PERSONAL AND PROTECTIVE SERVICES WORKERS 5110 66 6 24 28

Appendix I

Travel Attendants and Related Workers
Travel attendants and travel stewards 5111 0 0 0 0
Transport conductors 5112 15 86 8 0
Travel guides 5113 6 0 7 0
Housekeeping and Restaurant Services Workers 5120 160 11 42 148

Housekeepers and related workers 5121 244 74 119 124
Cooks 5122 405 101 141 444
Waiters, waitresses and bartenders 5123 698 62 175 529
Personal Care and Related Workers

Child-care workers 5131 396 3 164 238
Institution-based personal care workers 5132 626 16 184 461
Home-based personal care workers 5133 0 0 0 0
Personal care and related workers n.e.c. 5139 0 0 0 0
Other Personal Services Workers

Hairdressers, barbers, beauticians and related workers 5141 273 87 116 210
Companions and valets 5142 0 0 0 0
Undertakers and embalmers 5143 13 23 5 5
Other personal services workers n.e.c. 5149 0 0 0 0
Astrologers, Fortune-Tellers and Related Workers

Astrologers and related workers 5151 0 0 0 0
Fortune-tellers, palmists and related workers 5152 0 0 0 0
Protective Services Workers

Fire-fighters 5161 71 125 37 1
Police officers 5162 199 244 106 24
Prison guards 5163 56 31 42 3
Protective services workers n.e.c. 5169 154 111 69 36
MODELS, SALESPERSONS AND DEMONSTRATORS 5200 12 4 8 0
Fashion and Other Models 5210 18 0 5 5
Shop Salespersons and Demonstrators 5220 920 434 406 622
Stall and Market Salespersons 5230 0 0 0 0
SKILLED AGRICULTURAL AND FISHERY WORKERS
MARKET-ORIENTED SKILLED AGRICULTURAL AND FISHERY WORKERS
Market Gardeners and Crop Growers

Field crop and vegetable growers 6111 0 0 0 0
Tree and shrub crop growers 6112 0 0 0 0
Gardeners, horticultural and nursery growers 6113 16 21 5 0
Mixed-crop growers 6114 0 0 0 0
Market-Oriented Animal Producers and Related Workers

Dairy and livestock producers 6121 0 0 0 0
Poultry producers 6122 0 0 0 0
Apiarists and sericulturalists 6123 0 0 0 0
Mixed-animal producers 6124 0 0 0 0
Market-oriented animal producers and related workers n.e.c. 6129 0 0 0 0
Market-Oriented Crop and Animal Producers 6130 0 0 0 0

Farmers 6132 28 43 12 3
Farm supervisors 6133 223 2845 144 91
Forestry and Related Workers 2

Forestry workers and loggers 6141 21 119 15 2
Charcoal Burners and related workers 6142 0 0 0 0
Appendix I

Fishery Workers, Hunters and Trappers 6150 19 60 4 1
Aquatic-life cultivation workers 6151 0 0 1 0
Inland and coastal waters fishery workers 6152 0 0 0 0
Deep-sea fishery workers 6153 0 0 0 0
Hunters and trappers 6154 0 2 1 0
SUBSISTENCE AGRICULTURAL AND FISHERY WORKERS
Subsistence Agricultural and Fishery Workers 6210 0 0 0 0
CRAFT AND RELATED TRADES WORKERS
EXTRACTION AND BUILDING TRADES WORKERS 7110 10 33 2 0
Miners, Shotfirers, Stone Cutters and Carvers

Miners and quarry workers 7111 9 49 3 0
Shotfirers and blasters 7112 2 8 0 0
Stone splitters, cutters and carvers 7113 0 0 0 0
Building Frame and Related Trades Workers

Builders, traditional materials 7121 0 0 0 0
Bricklayers and stonemasons 7122 50 139 28 1
Concrete placers, concrete finishers and related workers 7123 19 26 12 0
Carpenters and joiners 7124 5 5 7 0
Building frame and related trades workers n.e.c. 7129 68 95 25 0
Building Finishers and Related Trades Workers

Roofers 7131 48 37 23 1
Floor layers and tile setters 7132 352 638 168 1
Plasterers 7133 6 24 4 0
Insulation workers 7134 11 7 8 0
Glaziers 7135 5 10 6 0
Plumbers and pipe fitters 7136 143 239 87 0
Building and related electricians 7137 167 316 121 5
Painters, Building Structure Cleaners and Related Trades Workers

Painters and related workers 7141 116 192 59 9
Varnishers and related painters 7142 38 35 16 5
Building structure cleaners 7143 13 14 9 0
METAL, MACHINERY AND RELATED TRADES WORKERS
Metal Moulders, Welders, Sheet-Metal Workers, Structural-Metal

Preparers, and Related Workers
Metal moulders and coremakers 7211 0 0 0 0
Welders and flamecutters 7212 157 247 78 23
Sheet-metal workers 7213 101 164 47 1
Structural-metal preparers and erectors 7214 23 56 16 0
Riggers and cable splicers 7215 0 0 0 0

Underwater workers 7216 0 0 0 0
Blacksmiths, Tool-Makers and Related Trade Workers

Blacksmiths, hammer-smiths and forging-press workers 7221 3 8 0 0
Tool-makers and related workers 7222 152 464 100 7
Machine-tool setters and setter-operators 7223 13 7 4 0
Metal wheel-grinders, polishers and tool sharpeners 7224 2 6 6 0
Machinery Mechanics and Fitters 7230 151 210 98 4

Motor vehicle mechanics and fitters 7231 279 529 164 5
Aircraft engine mechanics and fitters 7232 48 54 32 1
Agricultural- or industrial-machinery mechanics and fitters 7233 150 351 94 6
Misc. garage helpers 7234 32 30 9 3
Appendix I

Electrical and Electronic Equipment Mechanics And Fitters 7240 13 19 8 0
Electrical mechanics and fitters 7241 113 102 49 0
Electronics fitters 7242 80 70 39 1
Electronics mechanics and servicers 7243 0 0 0 0
Telegraph and telephone installers and servicers 7244 30 56 24 4
Electrical line installers, repairs and cable jointers 7245 54 88 28 0
PRECISION, HANDICRAFT, PRINTING AND RELATED TRADES WORKERS
Precision Workers in Metal and Related Materials 7310 30 49 16 7

Precision-instrument makers and repairers 7311 18 25 9 8
Musical-instrument makers and tuners 7312 0 0 0 0
Jewellery and precious-metal workers 7313 13 10 9 3
Potters, Glass-Makers and Related Trades Workers

Abrasive wheel formers, potters and related workers 7321 0 0 0 0
Glass-makers, cutters, grinders and finishers 7322 21 13 8 5
Glass engravers and etchers 7323 1 0 3 0
Glass, ceramics and related decorative painters 7324 0 0 0 0
Handicraft Workers in Wood, Textiles, Leather and Related Materials

Handicraft workers in wood and related materials 7331 4 2 1 0
Handicraft workers in textile, leather and related materials 7332 0 0 0 0
Printing and Related Traders Workers

Compositors, typesetters and related workers 7341 14 23 7 7
Stereotypers and electrotypers 7342 1 0 0 0
Printing engravers and etchers 7343 1 3 1 0
Photographic and related workers 7344 11 10 5 1
Bookbinders and related workers 7345 12 7 4 10
Silk-screen, block and textile printers 7346 0 0 0 0
OTHER CRAFT AND RELATED TRADES WORKERS
Food Processing and Related Trade Workers

Butchers, fishmongers and related food preparers 7411 49 128 27 19
Bakers, pastry-cooks and confectionery makers 7412 46 53 23 29
Dairy-products makers 7413 0 0 0 0
Fruit, vegetable and related preservers 7414 0 0 0 0
Food and beverage tasters and graders 7415 7 1 0 3
Tobacco preparers and tobacco product makers 7416 0 0 0 0
Wood Treaters, Cabinet-Makers and Related Trades Workers 7420 2 3 0 0

Wood treaters 7421 0 0 0 0
Cabinet-makers and related workers 7422 37 44 25 8
Woodworking-machine setters and setter-operators 7423 0 0 0 0
Basketry weavers, brush makers and related workers 7424 0 0 0 0
Textile, Garment and Related Trades Workers

Fibre preparers 7431 0 0 0 0
Weavers, knitters and related workers 7432 0 0 0 0
Tailors, dressmakers and hatters 7433 58 45 28 211
Furriers and related workers 7434 0 0 0 0
Textile, leather and related pattern-makers and cutters 7435 0 0 0 0
Sewers, embroiderers and related workers 7436 7 5 5 14
Upholsterers and related workers 7437 26 20 9 5
Pelt, Leather and Shoemaking Trades Workers

Pelt dressers, tanners and fellmongers 7441 0 0 0 0
Shoe-makers and related workers 7442 10 36 1 5
Supervisors, crafts and trades 7510 404 807 302 62

Appendix I

Misc. crafts and trades 7520 31 26 16 17
PLANT AND MACHINE OPERATORS AND ASSEMBLERS
STATIONARY-PLANT AND RELATED OPERATORS 8100
Mining- and Mineral-Processing Plant Operators

Mining-plant operators 8111 14 211 5 2
Mineral-ore- and stone-processing-plant operators 8112 0 0 0 0
Well drillers and borers and related workers 8113 9 36 9 0
Metal-Processing-Plant Operators
Ore and metal furnace operators 8121 0 0 0 0
Metal melters, casters and rolling-mill operators 8122 37 51 22 11
Metal-heat-treating-plant operators 8123 4 4 2 0
Metal drawers and extruders 8124 0 0 0 0
Glass, Ceramics and Related Plant Operators

Glass and ceramics kiln and related machine operators 8131 31 96 18 0
Glass and ceramics kiln and related machine operators n.e.c. 8139 0 0 0 0
Wood-Processing-Plant Operators
Wood-processing-plant operators 8141 47 87 16 3
Paper-pulp plant operators 8142 0 0 0 0
Papermaking-plant operators 8143 0 0 0 0
Chemical-Processing-Plant Operators
Crushing-, grinding- and chemical mixing-machinery operators 8151 26 47 19 8
Chemical-heat-treating-plant operators 8152 0 0 0 0
Chemical-filtering- and separating-equipment operators 8153 0 0 0 0
Chemical-still and reactor operators (except petroleum and 8154 14 30 11 4
t l
Petroleum- ) natural-gas-refining-plant operators
and 8155 0 0 0 0
Chemical-processing-plant operators n.e.c. 8159 0 0 0 0
Power-Production and Related Plant Operators 8160 37 89 25 2

Power-production plant operators 8161 6 7 5 0
Steam-engine and boiler operators 8162 0 0 0 0
Incinerator, water-treatment and related plant operators 8163 13 10 10 0
Automated-Assembly-Line and Industrial-Robot Operators

Automated assembly-line operators 8171 0 0 0 0
Industrial-robot operators 8172 0 0 0 0
MACHINE OPERATORS AND ASSEMBLERS
Metal- and Mineral-Products Machine Operators

Machine-tool operators 8211 62 59 31 16
Cement and other mineral products machine operators 8212 0 0 0 0
Chemical-Products Machine Operators

Pharmaceutical- and toiletry products machine operators 8221 0 0 0 0
Ammunition- and explosive-products machine operators 8222 0 0 0 0
Metal finishing-, plating- and coating- machine operators 8223 36 34 28 5
Photographic-products machine operators 8224 0 0 0 0
Chemical-products machine operators n.e.c. 8229 18 6 9 3
Rubber- and Plastic-Products Machine Operators

Rubber-products machine operators 8231 0 0 0 0
Plastic-products machine operators 8232 0 0 0 0
Wood-Products Machine Operators 8240 3 0 1 2
Printing-, Binding- and Paper-Products Machine Operators

Printing-machine operators 8251 122 85 45 27
Bookbinding-machine operators 8252 0 0 0 0
Paper-products operators 8253 0 0 0 0

Appendix I
Textile-, Fur- and Leather-Products Machine Operators

Fibre-preparing-, spinning- and winding-machine operators 8261 32 15 10 42
Weaving- and knitting-machine operators 8262 19 21 6 40
Sewing-machine operators 8263 210 23 83 410
Bleaching-, dyeing- and cleaning-machine operators 8264 109 46 27 156
Fur- and leather-preparing-machine operators 8265 0 0 0 0
Shoemaking- and related machine operators 8266 17 10 6 37
Textile-, fur- and leather-products machine operators n.e.c. 8269 40 45 15 52
Food and Related Products Machine Operators 8270 14 10 4 13

Meat- and fish processing-machine operators 8271 0 0 0 0
Dairy-products machine operators 8272 0 0 0 0
Grain- and spice-milling-machine operators 8273 0 0 0 0
Baked-goods, cereal and chocolate-products machine operators 8274 1 1 0 0
Fruit-, vegetable- and nut-processing-machine operators 8275 2 2 1 1
Sugar production machine operators 8276 0 0 0 0
Tea-, coffee- and cocoa-processing-machine operators 8277 0 0 0 0
Brewers-, wine and other beverage machine operators 8278 0 0 0 0
Tobacco production machine operators 8279 0 0 0 0
Assemblers
Mechanical-machinery assemblers 8281 0 0 0 0
Electrical-equipment assemblers 8282 43 12 19 55
Electronic-equipment assemblers 8283 0 0 0 0
Metal-, rubber- and plastic-products assemblers 8284 0 0 0 0
Wood and related products assemblers 8285 0 0 0 0
Paperboard, textile and related products assemblers 8286 0 0 0 0
Other Machine Operators and Assemblers 8290 958 941 462 785
DRIVERS AND MOBILE-PLANT OPERATORS
Locomotive-Engine Drivers and Related Workers 8310 0 6 1 0

Locomotive-engine drivers 8311 17 72 9 0
Railway brakers, signalers and shunters 8312 22 58 12 11
Motor-vehicle Drivers
Motorcycle drivers 8321 0 0 0 0
Car, taxi and van drivers 8322 207 285 133 20
Bus and tram drivers 8323 128 80 63 75
Heavy truck and lorry drivers 8324 485 863 305 7
Agricultural and Other Mobile-Plant Operators 8330 128 143 67 3

Motorized farm and forestry plant operators 8331 0 0 0 0
Earth-moving and related plant operators 8332 32 49 24 1
Crane, hoist and related plant operators 8333 27 74 19 1
Lifting-truck operators 8334 102 86 62 4
Ships' Deck Crews and Related Workers 8340 5 35 8 0
FABRICATING MACHINE OPERATORS, NOT ELSEWHERE CLASSIFIED 8400 7 4 7 12
ELEMENTARY OCCUPATIONS
SALES AND SERVICES ELEMENTARY OCCUPATIONS
Street Vendors and Related Workers 9110 98 30 34 58

Street food vendors 9111 0 0 0 0
Street vendors, non-food products 9112 16 9 7 8
Door-to-door and telephone salespersons 9113 0 0 0 0
Shoe Cleaning and Other Street Services Elementary Occupations 9120 0 0 0 0
Domestic and Related Helpers, Cleaners and Launderers

Domestic helpers and cleaners 9131 198 13 66 207
Helpers and cleaners in offices, hotels and other establishments 9132 320 17 86 539
Appendix I
Hand-launderers and pressers 9133 0 0 0 0
Building Caretakers, Window and Related Cleaners 9140 532 322 221 211
Building caretakers 9141 57 31 25 15
Vehicle, window and related cleaners 9142 42 29 20 7
Messengers, Porters, Doorkeepers and Related Workers

Messengers, package and luggage porters and deliverers 9151 42 20 20 5
Doorkeepers, watchpersons and related workers 9152 92 26 40 21
Vending-machine money collectors, meter readers and related 9153 11 19 7 0
k
Garbage Collectors and Related Laborers

Garbage collectors 9161 9 32 13 1
Sweepers and related laborers 9162 0 0 0 0
AGRICULTURAL, FISHERY AND RELATED LABORERS
Agricultural, Fishery and Related Laborers

Farm-hands and laborers 9211 315 590 128 160
Forestry laborers 9212 0 0 0 0
Fishery, hunting and trapping laborers 9213 0 0 0 0
LABORERS IN MINING, CONSTRUCTION, MANUFACTURING AND TRANSPORT 9300 300 645 161 213
Mining and Construction Laborers

Mining and quarrying laborers 9311 1 0 0 0
Construction and maintenance laborers: roads, dams and similar 9312 0 0 0 0
Building construction laborers 9313 340 543 159 9
Manufacturing Laborers 9320 8 4 6 1

Assembling laborers 9321 48 43 25 20
Hand packers and other manufacturing laborers 9322 131 31 46 97
Transport Laborers and Freight Handlers

Hand or pedal vehicle drivers 9331 0 0 0 0
Drivers of animal-drawn vehicles and machinery 9332 0 0 0 0
Freight handlers 9333 240 156 102 51
ARMED FORCES
ARMED FORCES
Armed Forces 0110 147 378 113 15
Not applicable BK 23648 29574 39757 40767

Appendix J
APPENDIX J:
DOT VARIABLES
(DOTDATA, DOTPEOP, DOTTHNG, DOTGED, DOTSVP, DOTPRES, SPDOTDAT, SPDOTPEO, SPDOTTHN,

SPDOTGED, SPDOTSVP, SPDOTPRE, PADOTDAT, PADOTPEO, PADOTTHN, PADOTGED, PADOTSVP,
PADOTPRE)
The third edition of the Dictionary of Occupational Titles (1965) provides a six-digit (expanded to nine digits in
1967) occupational classification code which is more detailed and more clearly oriented to the task content of jobs
than the Census occupational codes. The DOT (Dictionary of Occupational Titles) also includes six worker trait
components, which are estimated abilities and individual characteristics required of workers for successful
performance in general types of jobs.
The DOT variables for the General Social Survey were provided by Lloyd V. Temme. Using data from the April,
1971 Current Population Survey (CPS) which were coded with both the detailed Census and DOT occupation codes,
Temme summed and averaged all respondents' DOT scores within each detailed Census category. By applying the
CPS weights for each case, Temme was able to create weighted average DOT data scores for each Census
occupation which are representative of the national population. Scores were created in this way for five DOT
variables: Data, People, and Things (the fourth through the sixth digits of the detailed DOT occupation code), and
the two parts of worker traits for training time (General Educational Development and Specific Vocational
Preparation). These five variables are the only DOT variables available for the General Social Surveys.
Also provided is a prestige variable that Temme generated from Siegel gathered data (See Appendix G) using
procedures developed by Otis D. Duncan for his Socioeconomic Index (SEI).
A detailed account of both the DOT variables and of the actual procedures followed in deriving the weighted
average DOT scores is given in Lloyd Temme's Occupation: Meanings and Measures (Washington, D.C., Bureau of
Social Science Research, 1975).
All of these variables are interval level. DOTDATA, DOTPEOP, DOTTHNG, DOTGED, DOTSVP and
PADOTDAT, PADOTPEO, PADOTTHN, PADOTGED, PADOTSVP are four digits long. The first digit is a zero,
and a decimal point should be read between the second and third digits. DOTPRES, SPDOTPRE, and PADOTPRE
are three digits long and a decimal point belongs between the second and third digits. Since these variables are
continuous, complete marginals are not given. Since these variables are assigned to 1970 Census Occupational
codes, they are not created in years that the 1970 codes were not utilized.
Appendix K
APPENDIX K: PROTESTANT DENOMINATIONS DISTRIBUTIONS, OTHER

N
Respondent R's Spouse
OTHER Denomination Punch Now Age 16 Now Age 16
Hungarian Reformed 1 0 3 1 3
Evangelical Congregational 2 3 2 2 2
Ind Bible, Bible, Bible Fellowship 3 25 7 5 2
Church of Prophecy 5 2 1 2 0
New Testament Christian 6 3 1 1 0
Church of God, Saint & Christ 7 4 3 3 2
Moravian 8 18 19 6 4
Christian & Missionary Alliance 9 29 19 14 7
Advent Christian 10 12 10 6 4
Spiritualist 11 28 6 2 0
Assembly of God 12 325 222 131 80
Free Methodist 13 14 20 3 3
Apostolic Faith 14 58 33 16 6
African Methodist 15 1 6 1 1
Free Will Baptist 16 84 64 30 8
Eden Evangelist 17 1 0 1 1
Holiness (Nazarene) 18 31 26 11 5
Baptist (Northern) 19 5 5 0 1
Brethren Church, Brethren 20 58 82 23 31
Witness Holiness 21 1 0 0 0
Brethren, Plymouth 22 4 4 1 2
United Brethren, United Brethren in Christ 23 29 91 9 23
Independent 24 46 26 18 2
Christian Disciples 25 6 6 4 5
Christ in Christian Union 26 2 10 4 2
Open Bible 27 8 2 4 4
Christian Catholic 28 6 4 2 2
Christ Church Unity 29 2 3 2 1
Christ Adelphians 30 5 3 2 3
Christian; Central Christian 31 525 469 221 156
Christian Reform 32 98 108 42 43
Christian Scientist 33 68 111 20 30
Church of Christ, Evangelical 34 5 6 6 3
Church of Christ 35 631 591 282 220
Churches of God(Except with Christ and Holiness) 36 307 264 137 128
Church of God in Christ 37 63 38 18 10
Church of God in Christ Holiness 38 20 19 6 4
Church of the Living God 39 4 6 2 1
Congregationalist, 1st Congreg 40 332 398 149 127
Community Church 41 20 11 5 2
Covenant 42 12 7 6 8
Dutch Reform 43 27 41 7 17
Disciples of Christ 44 98 107 39 26
Evangelical, Evangelist 45 114 90 50 35
Evangelical Reformed 46 9 27 2 9
Evangelist Free Church 47 35 11 11 5
First Church 48 10 5 5 2
First Christian Disciples of Christ 49 12 7 3 3
First Reformed 50 3 6 1 1
First Christian 51 74 91 39 25
Appendix K
N
OTHER Denomination (continued) Punch Now Age 16 Now Age 16
Full Gospel 52 41 19 19 3
Four Square Gospel 53 30 15 15 5
Friends 54 13 10 3 4
Holy Roller 55 2 5 4 6
Holiness; Church of Holiness 56 177 161 80 73
Pilgrim Holiness 57 4 12 3 3
Jehovah's Witnesses 58 375 210 135 44
LDS 59 0 0 0 0
LDS--Mormon 60 0 0 0 0
LDS--Reorganized 61 22 23 8 6
LDS--Jesus Christ; Church of Jesus LDS 62 0 0 0 0
Mennonite 63 45 53 21 27
Mormon 64 682 586 363 224
Nazarene 65 202 199 92 59
Pentecostal Assembly of God 66 22 11 7 5
Pentecostal Church of God 67 20 9 8 3
Pentecostal 68 827 600 306 163
Pentecostal Holiness, Holiness Pentecostal 69 92 70 41 29
Quaker 70 60 48 28 17
Reformed 71 81 98 48 45
Reformed United Church of Christ 72 8 8 5 1
Reformed Church of Christ 73 7 4 4 4
Religious Science 74 31 5 3 0
Mind Science 75 5 2 4 1
Salvation Army 76 23 25 14 16
7th Day Adventist 77 222 175 93 60
Sanctified, Sanctification 78 33 21 2 1
United Holiness 79 2 0 1 1
Unitarian, Universalist 80 153 71 46 22
United Church of Christ 81 244 181 121 62
United Church, Unity Church 82 13 9 2 3
Wesleyan 83 42 22 21 12
Wesleyan Methodist--Pilgrim 84 5 2 3 1
Zion Union 85 2 1 1 1
Zion Union Apostolic 86 2 2 1 2
Zion Union Apostolic--Reformed 87 2 2 1 1
Disciples of God 88 3 0 0 0
Grace Reformed 89 1 0 2 1
Holiness Church of God 90 6 6 4 2
Evangelical Covenant 91 5 7 3 2
Mission Covenant 92 4 3 1 1
Missionary Baptist 93 76 75 21 13
Swedish Mission 94 1 2 1 2
Unity 95 44 3 9 0
United Church of Christianity 96 13 8 8 6
Other Fundamentalist 97 48 18 16 4
Federated Church 98 2 4 2 2
American Reform 99 2 1 1 1
Grace Brethren 100 4 2 3 3
Christ in God 101 0 0 0 2
Charismatic 102 8 2 3 0
Pentecostal Apostolic 103 10 3 4 3
House of Prayer 104 3 0 0 0
Latvian Lutheran 105 1 1 0 0
Triumph Church of God 106 0 0 0 1
Apostolic Christian 107 8 5 2 1
Appendix K
N
Christ Cathedral of Truth 108 1 0 1 0
Bible Missionary 109 4 3 2 1
Calvary Bible 110 1 2 1 1
Amish 111 1 3 0 2
Evangelical Methodist 112 3 3 2 1
Worldwide Church of God 113 5 3 2 0
Church Universal and Triumphant 114 1 0 1 0
Mennonite Brethren 115 2 2 2 1
Church of the First Born 116 2 2 1 1
Missionary Church 117 15 10 6 3
The Way Ministry 118 1 0 1 0
United Church of Canada 119 3 6 4 6
Evangelical United Brethren 120 2 10 0 5
The Church of God of Prophecy 121 2 2 2 0
Chapel of Faith 122 1 1 0 0
Polish National Church 123 2 2 0 0
Faith Gospel Tabernacle 124 1 0 0 0
Christian Calvary Chapel 125 5 0 2 0
Carmelite 126 0 2 1 1
Church of Daniel's Band 127 2 1 0 0
Christian Tabernacle 128 2 0 1 0
Living Word 129 1 0 0 0
True Light Church of Christ 130 1 0 0 0
Macedonia 131 0 1 0 0
Brother of Christ 132 1 1 1 1
Primitive Baptist 133 9 12 1 2
Independent Fundamental Church of America 134 1 0 0 1
Chinese Gospel Church 135 2 1 1 0
New Age Spirituality 136 5 0 0 0
New Song 137 1 0 0 0
Apostolic Church 138 8 6 2 1
Faith Christian 139 0 0 0 1
People's Church 140 0 0 1 0
New Birth Christian 141 1 1 0 0
Unity School of Christianity 142 0 1 0 0
Assyrian Evangelist Church 143 1 2 0 0
Spirit of Christ 144 1 0 0 0
Church of Jesus Christ of the Restoration 145 1 1 0 0
Laotian Christian 146 1 0 0 0
Schwenkfelder 148 0 1 0 0
Polish Catholic 149 0 0 0 0
Zwinglian 150 1 1 0 0
World Overcomer Outreach Ministry 151 1 0 0 0
Course in Miracles 152 1 0 0 0
Unity of the Brethren 153 1 1 0 0
Spirit Filled 154 2 0 0 0
Christian Union 155 11 2 0 0
Church of Living Christ 156 0 1 0 0
Community of Christ 157 2 1 0 0
New Hope Christian Fellowship 158 2 0 1 0
Community Christian Fellowship 159 1 0 0 0
Friends in Christ 160 0 1 0 0
Appendix K
N
Hawaiian Ohana 161 0 0 1 0
Reformed Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints 162 0 0 1 0
Swedenurgian/Churches of the New Jerusalem 163 0 1 0 0
Divine Science 164 0 1 0 0
United Christian 166 1 0 0 0
Sanctuary 167 1 0 0 0
Rain on Us Deliverance Ministries 168 1 0 0 0
The Word Church 169 1 0 0 0
Cornerstone Church 170 1 0 0 0
Life Sanctuary 171 1 0 0 0
Word of Faith Church 172 1 0 0 0
Harvest Church 173 1 0 0 0
Shephard's Chapel 174 1 0 0 0
Greater New Testament Church 175 1 0 0 0
Vineyard Church 176 1 0 0 0
Real Life Ministries 177 2 0 0 0
Cathedral of Joy 178 1 0 0 0
Great Faith Ministries 179 1 0 0 0
Shield of Faith Ministries 180 1 0 0 0
Born Again 181 4 2 3 0
Alliance 182 1 2 0 0
Jacobite Apostolic 183 0 1 0 0
Church of God of Israel 184 0 0 1 0
Journeys 185 1 0 1 0
National Progressive Baptist 186 3 1 0 0
New Apostolic 187 1 1 1 0
Metropolitan Community 188 1 0 0 0
Family Life Church 189 0 0 0 0
Faith Fellowship 190 0 0 0 0
Faith Covenant 191 1 1 0 0
New Thought 192 0 0 0 0
Free Spirit Ministry 193 0 0 0 0
Jacobite Syrian Christian Church 194 0 0 0 0
The Ark Church 195 0 0 0 0
Empowerment Temple 196 1 0 0 0
Grace Independent Baptist Church 197 1 0 0 0
Don't know 998 47 41 25 28
No Answer 999 277 301 139 137
Not Applicable (Not Protestant and Protestant
Denomination Given, and Not Married) IAP 49590 50732 53914 54861
Note: Until 2008 the following codes were used: LDS=59, LDS-Mormon=60, LDS-Jesus
Christ; Church of Jesus Christ LDS=62; Mormon=64. These codes did not
distinguish different denominations and were not consistently used over time.
In 2008 codes 59, 60, and 62 were recoded as code 64 for all years.
Appendix K
PROTESTANT DENOMINATIONS DISTRIBUTIONS, OTHER

N
OTHER Denomination Punch Mother Father 1 2 3 4 5
Hungarian Reformed 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Evangelical Congregational 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
IndBible, Bible, Bible Fellowship 3 0 1 3 0 0 1 0
Church of Prophecy 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
New Testament Christian 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Church of God, Saint & Christ 7 1 1 0 0 0 0 0
Moravian 8 1 1 0 0 0 0 0
Christian & Missionary Alliance 9 0 0 1 0 1 0 0
Advent Christian 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Spiritualist 11 1 0 0 1 0 0 0
Assembly of God 12 8 8 12 11 12 0 0
Free Methodist 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Apostolic Faith 14 0 0 0 1 1 0 0
African Methodist 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Free Will Baptist 16 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Eden Evangelist 17 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Holiness (Nazarene) 18 2 1 1 2 2 0 0
Baptist (Northern) 19 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Brethren Church, Brethren 20 3 3 0 2 1 0 1
Witness Holiness 21 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Brethren, Plymouth 22 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
United Brethren, United Brethren in Christ 23 3 3 1 1 1 0 0
Independent 24 1 0 1 0 0 0 0
Christian Disciples 25 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
Christ in Christian Union 26 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
Open Bible 27 0 0 1 2 0 0 0
Christian Catholic 28 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Christ Church Unity 29 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Christ Adelphians 30 0 0 0 1 0 0 2
Christian; Central Christian 31 8 6 7 3 3 1 0
Christian Reform 32 3 2 2 2 0 0 0
Christian Scientist 33 1 1 2 0 3 1 1
Church of Christ, Evangelical 34 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Church of Christ 35 15 9 11 12 8 2 1
Churches of God (Except with Christ and Holiness) 36 6 4 9 9 4 1 0
Church of God in Christ 37 0 1 1 1 0 0 0
Church of God in Christ Holiness 38 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Church of the Living God 39 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Congregationalist, 1st Congreg 40 9 10 8 4 5 1 1
Community Church 41 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Covenant 42 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
Dutch Reform 43 2 1 1 1 0 0 0
Disciples of Christ 44 3 5 6 4 1 0 0
Evangelical, Evangelist 45 2 1 0 1 0 0 0
Evangelical Reformed 46 2 2 0 0 0 0 0
Evangelist Free Church 47 0 0 2 0 0 0 0
First Church 48 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
First Christian Disciples of Christ 49 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
First Reformed 50 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
First Christian 51 4 4 6 2 2 0 0
Full Gospel 52 1 0 3 1 1 0 0
Four Square Gospel 53 0 0 0 2 0 0 0
Friends 54 2 1 1 1 1 0 0
Holy Roller 55 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Holiness; Church of Holiness 56 3 1 6 5 6 1 2
Pilgrim Holiness 57 2 1 0 0 0 0 0
Appendix K
N
Jehovah's Witnesses 58 5 2 9 11 9 4 0
LDS 59 17 14 10 10 10 0 0
LDS-Mormon 60 2 2 1 1 0 0 0
LDS-Reorganized 61 0 1 1 0 1 0 0
LDS--Jesus Christ; Church of Jesus LDS 62 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mennonite 63 1 0 0 0 1 1 0
Mormon 64 9 8 19 15 13 0 1
Nazarene 65 3 2 2 3 4 0 0
Pentecostal Assembly of God 66 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Pentecostal Church of God 67 0 0 2 1 1 0 0
Pentecostal 68 14 7 11 8 13 3 0
Pentecostal Holiness, Holiness Pentecostal 69 1 1 1 0 2 1 1
Quaker 70 1 2 0 0 0 1 0
Reformed 71 5 4 3 2 2 0 0
Reformed United Church of Christ 72 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Reformed Church of Christ 73 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Religious Science 74 0 1 0 0 1 0 0
Mind Science 75 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Salvation Army 76 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
7th Day Adventist 77 3 0 5 4 3 2 0
Sanctified, Sanctification 78 1 0 3 1 1 0 0
United Holiness 79 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Unitarian, Universalist 80 2 1 1 2 2 0 1
United Church of Christ 81 3 3 5 1 3 0 0
United Church, Unity Church 82 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Wesleyan 83 2 1 1 1 0 0 0
Wesleyan Methodist --Pilgrim 84 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Zion Union 85 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Zion Union Apostolic 86 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Zion Union Apostolic-Reformed 87 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Disciples of God 88 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Grace Reformed 89 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Holiness Church of God 90 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Evangelical Covenant 91 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mission Covenant 92 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Missionary Baptist 93 0 0 1 0 1 0 0
Swedish Mission 94 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Unity 95 0 0 1 1 1 0 0
United Church of Christianity 96 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
Other Fundamentalist 97 0 0 1 0 2 0 1
Federated Church 98 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
American Reform 99 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
Grace Brethren 100 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
Christ in God 101 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Charismatic 102 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
Pentecostal Apostolic 103 0 0 1 0 1 0 1
House of Prayer 104 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Latvian Lutheran 105 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Triumph Church of God 106 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Apostolic Christian 107 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
Christ Cathedral of Truth 108 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Bible Missionary 109 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Calvary Bible 110 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
Amish. 111 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
Evangelical Methodist 112 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Worldwide Church of God 113 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Church Universal and Triumphant 114 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mennonite Brethren 115 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Appendix K
N
Church of the First Born 116 0 1 1 1 0 0 0
Missionary Church 117 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
The Way Ministry 118 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
United Church of Canada 119 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Evangelical United Brethren 120 2 1 0 0 0 0 0
The Church of God of Prophecy 121 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Chapel of Faith 122 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Polish National Church 123 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
Faith Gospel Tabernacle 124 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Christian Calvary Chapel 125 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Carmelite 126 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
Church of Daniel's Band 127 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Christian Tabernacle 128 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
Living Word 129 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
True Light Church of Christ 130 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
Macedonia 131 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Brother of Christ 132 1 1 0 0 0 0 0
Primitive Baptist 133 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Independent Fundamental Church of America 134 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Chinese Gospel Church 135 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
New Age Spirituality 136 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
New Song 137 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Apostolic Church 138 0 0 0 0 1 1 0
Faith Christian 139 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
People's Church 140 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
New Birth Christian 141 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Unity School of Christianity 142 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Assyrian Evangelist Church 143 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Spirit of Christ 144 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Church of Jesus Christ of the Restoration 145 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Laotian Christian 146 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Schwenkfelder 148 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Polish Catholic 149 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
Zwinglian 150 0 0 0 1 1 1 0
World Overcomer Outreach Ministry 151 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Course in Miracles 152 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Unity of the Brethren 153 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Spirit Filled 154 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Christian Union 155 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Church of Living Christ 156 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Community of Christ 157 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
New Hope Christian Fellowship 158 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Community Christian Fellowship 159 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Friends in Christ 160 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Hawaiian Ohana 161 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Reformed Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints 162 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Swedenurgian/Churches of the New Jerusalem 163 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Divine Science 164 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Church of the Living God 165 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
United Christian 166 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sanctuary 167 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Rain on Us Deliverance Ministries 168 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
The Word Church 169 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Cornerstone Church 170 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Life Sanctuary 171 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Word of Faith Church 172 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Harvest Church 173 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Shephard's Chapel 174 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Appendix K
N
Greater New Testament Church 175 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Vineyard Church 176 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Real Life Ministries 177 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Cathedral of Joy 178 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Great Faith Ministries 179 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Shield of Faith Ministries 180 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Born Again 181 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Alliance 182 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Jacobite Apostolic 183 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Church of God of Israel 184 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Journeys 185 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
National Progressive Baptist 186 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
New Apostolic 187 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Metropolitan Community 188 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Family Life Church 189 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Faith Fellowship 190 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Faith Covenant 191 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
New Thought 192 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Free Spirit Ministry 193 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Jacobite Syrian Christian Church 194 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
The Ark Church 195 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Empowerment Temple 196 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Grace Independent Baptist Church 197 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Don't know 998 0 0 7 6 6 4 0
No Answer 999 11 10 203 212 201 96 83
Not Applicable (Not Protestant
and Protestant Denomination
Given, and Not Married) IAP 56892 56930 56693 56936 56737 56939 56964
Note: Mnemonics are MAOTH, PAOTH, and FRNDOTH1 to FRNDOTH5.

Appendix L
HOURS WORKED
N
Hours=Punch HRS1 HRS2 SPHRS1 SPHRS2
00 7 2 6 0
01 20 5 10 2
02 28 1 14 0
03 40 2 26 0
04 88 8 25 0
05 76 6 27 1
06 98 3 39 0
07 43 4 13 0
08 190 8 101 4
09 50 0 12 0
10 254 12 140 3
11 25 2 7 0
12 204 6 93 3
13 49 1 8 1
14 66 0 14 2
15 351 16 147 0
16 317 3 179 5
17 47 2 11 0
18 110 2 53 1
19 35 0 12 0
20 972 39 534 19
21 85 2 24 3
22 90 2 38 1
23 72 1 14 0
24 393 18 236 2
25 512 16 236 10
26 74 1 24 2
27 84 1 29 1
28 185 2 57 0
29 42 0 13 0
30 1029 37 514 13
31 52 0 9 0
32 622 18 276 4
33 73 3 14 1
34 86 3 30 0
35 983 39 417 16
36 342 11 175 4
37 376 7 132 4
38 591 16 202 6
39 111 1 23 1
40 11064 451 7939 260
41 135 2 24 0
42 503 10 163 4
43 277 8 67 4
Appendix L
44 372 9 161 5
45 1559 48 822 16
46 294 3 93 4
47 164 5 43 1
48 898 18 502 13
49 102 0 33 1
50 2340 79 1553 35
51 70 0 20 1
52 269 4 99 2
53 90 0 18 0
54 109 0 69 1
55 709 20 365 6
56 255 6 111 6
57 36 1 15 2
58 86 2 38 0
59 22 0 4 0
60 1632 46 1057 34
61 14 0 5 0
62 66 0 27 0
63 35 0 13 0
64 60 0 14 0
65 359 8 156 5
66 32 1 19 0
67 22 0 2 0
68 46 1 16 0
69 8 0 4 0
70 437 17 257 9
71 3 0 4 0
72 98 1 81 1
73 11 0 4 2
74 15 0 8 0
75 118 3 46 0
76 8 0 8 0
77 8 0 6 0
78 14 0 5 0
79 2 0 2 0
80 287 7 163 3
81 2 0 1 0
82 10 0 2 0
83 6 0 0 0
84 51 1 30 1
85 31 0 12 0
86 12 0 1 0
87 3 0 0 0
88 8 0 5 0
89+ 228 4 113 2
98 (Don't know) 42 3 83 4
99 (No answer) 158 84 187 113
IAP (Not applicable) 23035 53945 36683 54443
Appendix M
APPENDIX M:
ABORTION AND ERA DISTRIBUTIONS
Reasons for Abortions PUNCH First Reason Second Reason Third Reason
(ABPRO1) (ABPRO2) (ABPRO3)
Women's right..................... 10 52 16 12
Control over own body............. 11 159 43 9
Freedom of choice/right
to choose....................... 12 189 48 15
Privacy; a personal decision...... 13 48 29 9
Danger to mother, unspecified..... 20 8 2 1
Danger to mother's life........... 21 59 51 19
Danger to mother's health......... 22 184 29 74
Danger to mother's mental health.. 23 22 3 0
Lessen liabilities/restrictions
for women....................... 24 16 11 9
Prevent domination by men......... 25 0 1 0
Prevent defective child, gen'l.... 30 78 84 43
Prevent mentally retarded child... 31 3 12 8
Prevent physically deformed....... 32 24 45 25
Unborn is not a person............ 35 12 5 5
End pregnancy due to rape......... 40 205 130 75
End pregnancy due to incest....... 41 3 27 9
Prevent unwanted child............ 42 195 127 49
Prevent child abuse............... 43 8 12 14
Parents unable to take care
of child........................ 44 41 48 33
Parents cannot afford child....... 45 77 87 53
Prevent illegitimacies; forced
marriages....................... 46 17 18 24
Avoid illegal abortions........... 50 12 11 4
Avoid social costs of
unwanted child.................. 51 8 15 8
Avoid more welfare babies......... 52 12 8 11
Overpopulation.................... 53 40 16 8
Government pays for abortion...... 54 5 1 2
Miscellaneous, unclear............ 60 15 11 4
None.............................. 96 366 0 0
No Answer......................... 99 2 2 2
Not applicable (no second,
third reason given)............. IAP 53299 54095 54562
Appendix M
Reasons against Abortion PUNCH First Reason Second Reason Third Reason
(ABCON1) (ABCON2) (ABCON3)
Abortions are killing, murder..... 1 438 156 29

"Taking a life" (no reference
to killing, murder)............. 2 233 107 15
Unborn alive; a person (no
reference to killing, murder)... 3 102 89 25
Unborn may be a person............ 4 12 13 3
"Right to life"................... 5 115 68 19
Religion, general................. 10 288 110 42
Catholic religion................. 11 45 11 3
Bible............................. 12 9 22 8
Morality, it's immoral, general... 13 110 75 29
Promotes promiscuity.............. 14 24 16 15
Rights of father ignored.......... 20 5 4 1
Adoption a better alternative..... 25 19 19 11
Not acceptable as birth control... 30 31 54 18
Paid for by taxpayers............. 35 15 12 11
Causes complications,
unspecified..................... 40 4 0 0
Physical dangers to women......... 41 39 31 9
Causes infertility................ 42 4 9 3
Leads to trauma, guilt feelings... 43 12 7 7
Not an individual choice.......... 50 36 62 13
Should take responsibility
for actions..................... 51 21 19 10
Woman too young, immature to
decide.......................... 52 4 2 3
Will decrease population.......... 53 5 1 2
Miscellaneous..................... 60 35 12 2
None.............................. 96 251 0 0
No answer......................... 99 3 3 3
Not applicable (no second, third
reason given).................. IAP 53227 54185 54806
Appendix M
Why ERA Favored/Opposed/Don't Know PUNCH First Reason Second Reason Third Reason
Favored (ERAWHY1) (ERAWHY2) (ERAWHY3)
Economic equality, general......... 1 23 11 6
Equal pay for equal work.......... 2 265 173 42
Equal opportunity for advancement. 3 112 144 34
Women can do men's jobs........... 4 37 23 8
Allows women to work (no reference
to home/family)................. 5 18 13 5
Political equality (hold office,
more influence)................. 10 7 21 10
Social equality, general.......... 20 1 6 1
Remove stereotype of women
as homemakers................... 21 0 1 2
Work outside of home should
be option....................... 22 12 6 5
Women should be draftable......... 25 2 8 6
Will promote abortion rights...... 26 2 1 2
Equal rights for all, general..... 30 233 29 4
Represents progress............... 31 15 7 4
Chance to fulfill potential,
maximum utilization............. 32 47 57 18
Need to insure that equal rights
are preserved, a guarantee...... 35 48 16 10
Men and women are equal........... 40 86 27 9
Men and women should be equal..... 41 259 58 15
Women are now suppressed.......... 42 40 19 10
Equal responsibilities
for men/women................... 43 20 18 10
Miscellaneous..................... 47 27 5 3
Opposed
ERA will not help
women, unspecified.............. 50 21 15 4
ERA will increase discrimination
against women................... 51 22 11 9
Will burden women; too much
responsibility.................. 52 7 4 2
Not needed men and women have
equal rights.................... 55 73 12 3
Attitudes, not laws,
need changing................... 56 5 2 1
Too many laws/ regulations
already......................... 57 8 8 1
Men and women are not equal,
general......................... 60 42 19 9
Not equal, physical differences... 61 13 35 21
Not equal, Nature's/God's plan.... 62 11 9 3
Men should run government......... 63 10 3 3
Men should be providers........... 64 16 6 2
Woman's place is in home/with
family.......................... 65 25 15 5
Traditional family will be
broken down..................... 66 3 3 1
Homosexual marriages/families
promoted........................ 67 3 0 0
Anti-family, miscellaneous........ 68 2 0 0
Increases conflict between
men/women....................... 70 5 3 1
Anti-male; discriminates
against men..................... 71 33 21 4
Makes women superior to men....... 72 10 1 3
Anti-homemaker.................... 75 12 6 3
Women will be drafted/sent to
combat.......................... 80 24 40 15
Unisex bathrooms.................. 81 4 4 3
Women priests..................... 82 1 4 0
Promotes abortions................ 83 25 33 12
Appendix M
Backed by radicals,
Communists, liberals and
other "extremists".............. 85 7 4 3
ERA gone to extremes, causing
trouble......................... 86 47 25 4
ERA poorly drafted................ 87 5 3 1
Don't understand ERA.............. 88 68 0 0
Miscellaneous..................... 89 12 4 2
Don't know
Not interested in ERA............. 90 18 4 0
Ambivalent, can't make-up mind.... 91 5 2 0
Not enough information,
don't know enough............... 92 26 2 0
Don't know anything about it,
don't understand................ 93 27 0 0
Anti-ERA statement................ 94 8 0 0
No Answer......................... 99 8 0 0
Not applicable (No 2nd; 3rd
reason)......................... IAP 53227 54146 54768
NOTE: Some respondents who favored the ERA nevertheless gave reasons coded under the
opposed reason. Usually this was to indicate qualified support. In a few cases the
reasons given simply do not appear to fit the expressed attitude. Similar crossovers
occur for those opposing the ERA.
Appendix N
APPENDIX N:
CHANGES IN QUESTION WORDING, RESPONSE

CATEGORIES, AND FORMAT
It is the general policy of the General Social Survey to exactly replicate questions over time. In certain instances, by design─and in
other cases by accident─wordings, response categories, skip patterns, or formats have changed across surveys. This appendix
documents the alterations that have occurred and, when applicable, the necessary reconciliations that were made. See Appendix T,
GSS Methodological Reports Nos. 55 and 56.
Question
Mnemonics Changes
WRKSTAT, HRS1, HRS2, In the 1972 survey, the first unread response was "Working full time (35 hours or more)" and the
EVWORK, SPWRKSTA second response was "Working part time (1 to 34 hours)." Since 1972, the hour references were
SPHRS1, SPHRS2, dropped.
SPEVWORK
__________________________________________________________________________________
OCC, PRESTIGE, In 1982 and 1983, it read "(do you/did you) normally do."
WRKSLF, WRKGOVT
COMMUTE, INDUSTRY
__________________________________________________________________________________
SPOCC, SPPRES, In the 1972, 1973, 1975, 1977, 1978, 1983 and 1984 surveys, part A read "(does [spouse])
SPWRKSLF, SPIND (did[spouse] normally)." In 1974, it was "(does [spouse] usually)." In 1976, 1980, 1982, and 1985+,
it was "(does/did) your [spouse] normally."
__________________________________________________________________________________
PAOCC16, PAPRES16 The wording for the first two surveys (1972-73) was "What kind of work did your father (FATHER
PAWRKSLF, PAIND16 SUBSTITUTE) normally do?" In the following surveys (1974-78, 1980, 1982+), it was "What kind of
work did your father (FATHER SUBSTITUTE) normally do while you were growing up?"
__________________________________________________________________________________
SIBS In the 1976 survey, the word "please" preceded "count" at the start of the second sentence. In the
1972, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1977, 1978, 1980, and 1982+ surveys, "please" was not used. In 1972, 7
means 7 or more siblings.
__________________________________________________________________________________
TAXRICH In the 1996 survey, respondents were asked:
Generally, how would you describe taxes in America today…
Again, we mean all taxes together, including social security, income tax, sales tax, and all the rest.
First, for those with high incomes, are taxes…
PLEASE CHECK ONE BOX ONLY
…much too high,
too high,
about right
too low
or, are they much too low?

Appendix N
Can’t chose
In 2006, the wording was changed to:
Generally, how would you describe taxes in America today? (We mean all taxes together, including
wage deductions, income tax, taxes on goods and services and all the rest.)
First, for those with high incomes, are taxes…TAXRICH
(Would you say…)
…much too high

too high
about right
too low, or
are they much too low?
In 2008, the wording was changed to:
Generally, how would you describe taxes in America today, meaning all taxes together, such as social
security, income tax, sales tax, and all the rest: First, for those with high incomes? Would you say…
TAXRICH
Much too high

Too high
About right
Too low, or
Much too low?
DON’T KNOW
REFUSED
__________________________________________________________________________________
AGE In the 1972-75 surveys, age was recorded from the question "In what year were you born?" In
1976-78, 1980, 1982+, it was coded from "What is your date of birth?"
__________________________________________________________________________________
EDUC, PAEDUC In the 1972-74 surveys, those answering 11th or 12th grade to the introductory question were asked
MAEDUC, SPEDUC "Did you ever get a high school diploma?" In the 1975-78, 1980, 1982+ surveys, those who
DEGREE, PADEG, MADEG finished at least the 9th grade were asked part A: "Did you get a high school diploma or a GED
SPDEG certificate?" In the 1972-74 surveys, part B asked "Did you complete one or more years of college for
credit?"
In the 1975-84, the phrase "... not including schooling such as business college, technical or vocational
school" was appended. In the 1972, 1975-78, 1980, 1982+ surveys, part B1 inquired "How many
years did you complete?" In the 1973-74 surveys, "--not including schooling such as business college,
technical or vocational school" followed. In the 1972-73 surveys, part B3 asked "What degree?" and
the unread responses were Jr. College, Bachelor's, and Graduate. In the 1974 survey, the first
response was changed to "Junior College." In the 1975 survey, the question became "What degree or
degrees?" This wording was also used in the 1976-78, 1980, 1982+ surveys, but the first response was
changed to "Associate/Junior College." In 1972 and 1973, high levels of No Answers occurred on
DEGREE, PADEG, MADEG, and SPDEG. This was corrected in 1974 by a reformatting of the
physical layout of the items.
Appendix N
MAEDUC, MADEG In 1991, an error on a skip instruction on Ballot B meant that a number of respondents were not asked
mother's education.
__________________________________________________________________________________
SEX Due to nonresponse, FP samples under represent males (SEX) (See GSS Methodological Report No.
9). The degree of the under representation is exaggerated when the raw data rather than data weighted
for number of adults in the household are employed (Stephenson, 1978). Since NORC's BQ sample
places a quota on gender, males are not under represented, but match the level set by the quota (See
GSS Methodological Report No. 7). Census/CPS figures show virtually no changes in the gender
distribution of adults over this period (e.g. 1970 = 47.5% male; 1980 = 47.6; 1984 = 47.7). Separate
time series for gender are presented for the BQ (SEXBQ) and FP (SEXFP) samples.
__________________________________________________________________________________
RACE The increased proportion other since 1982 is largely due to a tendency to classify Hispanics as a
distinct race.
__________________________________________________________________________________
FAMILY16, FAMDIF16 The unread response categories of the family situation question were changed between the 1972 and
1973-78, 80, 82+ surveys as follows:
1972
Both own mother and father.............. 1
Father and stepmother................... 2
Mother and stepfather................... 3
Father only............................. 4
Mother only............................. 5
Some other male relative (SPECIFY) ..... 6
____________________________________________
Some other female relative (SPECIFY) ... 7

____________________________________________
Other arrangement (SPECIFY) ............ 8

____________________________________________
1973-78, 80, 82-2004
Both own mother and father (GO TO NEXT
QUESTION)............................. 1
Father and stepmother ... (ASK A) ...... 2
Mother and stepfather ... (ASK A) ...... 3
Father only ............. (ASK A) ...... 4
Mother only ............. (ASK A) ...... 5
Some other male relative (No female head)
(SPECIFY AND ASK A).................... 6
____________________________________________
Some other female relative (No male head)

(SPECIFY AND ASK A).................... 7
____________________________________________
Other arrangement with both male and

female relatives (e.g., aunt and
uncle, grandparents) .. (ASK A) ...... 8
Other (SPECIFY AND ASK A)............... 0
____________________________________________________________________
INCOM16 Not Applicable (living in institution) not coded in 1974+.

____________________________________________________________________
Appendix N
HOMPOP, BABIES In the 1972-74 and 1976 surveys, the following question was used to determine household
PRETEEN, TEENS composition:
ADULTS
A. How many persons altogether live here, related to you or not? Please include any persons who
usually live here but are away temporarily─on business, on vacation, or in a general
hospital─and all babies and small children. Do not include─college students who are living
away at college, persons stationed away from here in the Armed Forces, or persons away in
institutions. (Don't forget to include yourself in the total.)
_________________________________________
IF TOTAL IS ONE PERSON, ENTER 01 . . TOTAL PERSONS: ┌──┬──┐

AND SKIP TO NEXT QUESTION └──┴──┘
_________________________________________
B. How many of these persons are babies

or children under 6 years old? UNDER 6 YEARS: ┌──┐
└──┘
C. How many are children age 6 thru 12? 6-12 YEARS: ┌──┐
└──┘
D. How many are teenagers 13 thru 17? 13-17 YEARS: ┌──┬──┐
└──┴──┘
E. And how many are persons 18 and over? 18+ YEARS: ┌──┬──┐
└──┴──┘
B-E SHOULD TOTAL TO A; IF NOT,
CHECK ANSWERS WITH RESPONDENT.
In the 1975, 1977, 1978, 1980, 1982+ surveys, household composition was determined from
household enumeration questions used in full probability samples. They were:
2) Please tell me the names of the people who usually live in this household?
3) Have we forgotten anyone─such as babies or small children; roomers; people who usually live
here but are away temporarily, on business trips, vacations, [82: at school,] temporarily in the
hospital, and so on?
7) How old was (HEAD/PERSON) on (his/her) last birthday?
9) Are any of the people we have listed staying somewhere else right now?
IF YES:
10) Who is staying somewhere else right now?
11) Where is (PERSON) living right now: is (PERSON) staying at another household; is (he/she)
traveling; is (he/she) in some institution or dormitory─like at college, or in a hospital or
somewhere; or what?
________________________________________________________________________________
Appendix N
UNRELATE In the 1972-74 and 1976 surveys, relation of household members to respondent was asked as follows:
Yes ............... 1
No ... (ASK A) .... 2
A. IF NO: How many persons in the household are not related to you in any way
┌──┬──┐
└──┴──┘
In the 1975 survey, relationship was determined from the following question from the household
enumeration questions:
5) What is (PERSON'S) relationship to (HEAD OF HOUSEHOLD)?
In the 1977-78, 1980, 1982+ surveys, relationship was asked as follows:
Now I would like you to think about the people who live in this household. Please include any
persons who usually live here but are away temporarily─on business, on vacation, or in a general
hospital -and include all babies and small children. Do not include college students who are living
away at college, persons stationed away from here in the Armed Forces, or persons away in
institutions.
Is everyone in this household related to you in some way?
Yes ............... 1
No ... (ASK A) .... 2
A. IF NO: How many persons in the household are not related to you in any way
# PERSONS: ┌──┬──┐
└──┴──┘
________________________________________________________________________________
INCOME, RINCOME, In order to avoid bunching in a few income groups, the response categories were revised between
INCOME72, 1972 and 1973, 1976 and 1977, 1980 and 1982, 1985 and 1986, 1990 and 1991, and 1996 and 1998.
Each of these three groupings are treated as a separate question and variable.
________________________________________________________________________________
RINCOME, INCOME72, In 1975, 1976, 1980, 1982+, "occupation" appeared in the parentheses. In 1974 and 1977, "job"
RINCOM82 was used. In 1978, "occupation" was used first and "job" second.
________________________________________________________________________________
XNORCSIZ, SRCBELT The size of place variables were reevaluated in 1978 and standard conventions were used to code all
SIZE years. Cases from the 1980 frame used 1980 Census figures.
________________________________________________________________________________
PARTYID The skip pattern within PARTYID varied over the years. In the 1972-74 surveys, those responding
Republicans or Democrats were asked Part A, those answering Independent were asked part B, and
those giving Other were asked the next question. In 1975, 1977-78, 1980, 1982+, those answering
Other and the new response, No preference, were asked part B. In the 1976 survey, those answering
Other and No preference were asked the next question. In the 1975 survey, the following underlined
articles were used: "a Republican, a Democrat, an Independent." In the 1972, 1973, 1974, 1976, 1977,
1978, 1980, 1982+ surveys, no articles were used.
The appearance of 10 DK cases in 1975 suggests that a different coding and recording scheme was
used in 1975 than in other years.
________________________________________________________________________________
Appendix N
VOTE68, PRES68 On VOTE68 in 1972 and 1973 and on VOTE72 in 1973, 1974, and 1975, "ineligible" (Punch 3) was a
IF68WHO, VOTE72 precoded category that included volunteered responses only. On VOTE72 in 1976 and 1977 and on
VOTE76 in 1977, 1978, 1980, and 1982, "ineligible" (Punch 3) included volunteered responses plus
respondents who had not turned 18 by election day in 1972 (for VOTE72) or in 1976 (VOTE76).
Note that in initial versions of the 1977 and 1978 surveys, VOTE72 in 1977 and VOTE76 in 1977 and
1978 "ineligible" (Punch 3) included volunteered responses plus respondents who had not turned 17
by the appropriate election day. PRES72, IF72WHO, PRES76, IF76WHO were adjusted accordingly.
________________________________________________________________________________
VOTE72, PRES72, In the 1973-74 surveys, "Refused," (Punch 4)" was not precoded but was coded from verbatim
IF72WHO responses. In the 1975 survey, "Did not vote for President," punch "5," was a precoded response. In
the 1976-77 surveys, coding specifications called for coding verbatim responses as "wouldn't vote."
(Punch 5.)" In general, codes "4" and "5" can be considered as equivalent codes across surveys. In
1978, response "8" was "Don't know/Can't remember."
________________________________________________________________________________
NATSPAC, NATENVIR The first spending area was "Space Exploration Program" in 1973-76 and "The Space Exploration
NATHEAL, NATCITY, Program" in 1977+.
NATCRIME, NATDRUG
NATEDUC, NATRACE
NATARMS, NATAID,
NATFARE, NATROAD,
NATSOC, NATMASS
NATPARK, NATCHLD,
NATSCI
________________________________________________________________________________
NATRACEZ In 1977, the phrase "(Negroes/Blacks)" was used.
________________________________________________________________________________
TAX Response "R pays no income tax" (Punch 4) was not employed on the 1980 survey.
________________________________________________________________________________
SPKATH The 1976 survey used "community" alone.

________________________________________________________________________________
SPKCOM, COLCOM In 1980, "was" was used instead of "is." In 1982 and 1983, "would" was used instead of "should."
LIBCOM
________________________________________________________________________________
CAPPUN2, CAPPUN The capital punishment question was reworded between the 1973 and 1974 surveys.
________________________________________________________________________________
GUNLAW In the 1974, 1975, and 1977 surveys, "get" was used instead of "obtain."
________________________________________________________________________________
RUSSIA, JAPAN In the 1974, 1975, 1977, 1982 surveys, 10 boxes are vertically arranged with a gap between the pluses
ENGLAND, CANADA and minuses. Only numbers with positive and negative signs are displayed with no countries, labels,
BRAZIL, CHINA, ISRAEL or "don't know" categories are provided. In the 1983 survey, 10 lines are arranged vertically with no
EGYPT gap between the pluses and minuses. Countries are not listed and no "don't know" category is
indicated. The endpoints are labeled "Like very much" and "Dislike very much." In the 1985 and
1986 surveys, 10 boxes are arranged horizontally with no gap between pluses and minuses. Countries
and a don't know category are indicated in writing. The endpoints are labeled "Like very much" and
"Dislike very much." In the 1988 and 1989 surveys, 10 lines are arranged vertically with no gap
between the pluses and minuses. Countries are represented by one column each. In this case,
numbers, positive and negative signs, punch codes, and a "don't know" category are all indicated.
Appendix N
RELIG, DENOM, JEW In the 1972 survey, codes for Other Protestant denominations were slightly different than the post
FUND, 1972 codes. To reconcile these differences the following recodes were made:
1972 1973+ 1972 1973+

Code Codes Code Codes
11 = 77 55 = 20
21 = 20 57 = 97
32 = 09 62 = 63
34 = 20 63 = 75
38 = 63 66 = 19
39 = 36 67 = 43
50 = 12 73 = 74
52 = 68 75 = 71
Since 1984, a more refined list of Protestant denominations has been employed. Items coded
simply as Baptist, Lutheran, Methodist, or Presbyterian in 1972-1983 were coded into the "Don't
know which" categories, respectively 18, 38, 28, and 48.
________________________________________________________________________________
PRAY While wording, interviewer specifications, and coding instructions were unchanged up to 2004 on the
frequency of prayer question (PRAY), it appears that more "Nevers" were identified and coded in
1983 than in subseqent years. This might have been due to more emphasis in interviewer training or
greater care by the coding supervisor. The collapsing of "Never" with "Less than Once a Week"
should create a more comparable time series. In 2004, “Never” is added as a precoded category.
There is an increase in the number of “Never” due to this format.
________________________________________________________________________________
GRACE The item on feeling close to "a powerful, spiritual force that seemed to lift you out of yourself"
(GRACE) was originally part of a five-item, paranormal scale. When asked alone in 1983, it appeared
to deviate notably from the previous reading. The replication of the entire scale in 1984 produced
GRACE readings comparable to the previous observation, suggesting that a context effect was
operating (See GSS Methodological Report No. 30). Because of this apparent effect, only the data
points using the entire scale are compared across time.
________________________________________________________________________________
MAPA, MASTERSP In the 1984 survey, codes of "Don't know" were not systematically distinguished from "No answer"
JUDGELUV, FRNDKING codes.
CRTRHEAL, RDEEMLIB
POPESPKS ________________________________________________________________________________
Appendix N
DENOM16, SPDEN The switch from the 1970 sample frame to the 1980 sample frame added a primary sampling unit
SPDEN16 (PSU) in Utah. This significantly increased the number of Mormons in the sample. A Utah PSU was
also part of the 1960 frame used in the 1972 survey, and this accounts for the higher proportion
Mormon in that year.
Sampling groups with unique (or very limited) geographic representations presents special problems
for multi-stage samples utilizing geographical clustering. Take, for example, the problem of
representing Topekans. Either Topeka is not a primary sampling unit (PSU) and thus Topekans are
completely unrepresented, or Topeka is a PSU and Topekans are over-represented. (The inclusion of
a locality in a multi-stage, area probability sample does not guarantee that it will be over- represented,
since areas could make up the same share of the sample as they do the universe. However, this would
be the exception rather than the rule, since areas are designed not to represent themselves, but classes
of areas like themselves.) In the case of Topeka, it makes up 0.05% of the national population, but in
the multi-stage sample used by the GSS, it would account for about 1% of the sample. (The NORC
sample frame is described in Appendix A.) We do not worry about the actual coverage of Topekans,
since for most purposes we do not consider them a sociologically meaningful or distinct group. If not
in the sample, they are in some sense represented by "similar" Omahans, Lincolnites, or Wichitans.
But certain sociologically significant groups are heavily geographically clustered in limited areas (e.g.
the Mormons in Utah; Aleuts in Alaska; Cajuns in Southern Louisiana; Lumbees in Robeson County,
North Carolina; Gullah speakers on the Sea Island; etc.) Though these groups all have an equal
probability of being represented in a multi-stage, area probability sample, as unique groups they will
tend to be either under represented or over- represented. (e.g. the 1980 sample frame "hits" the
Mormons, Cajuns, and Lumbees and "misses" the Aleuts and the Gullahs.)
________________________________________________________________________________
FUND16, SPFUND Fundamentalism/liberalism codes are assigned to denominations using the most detail applicable code
SPFUND16 of religious affiliation (RELIG, DENOM, OTHER, etc.). With the refinement of the major
denomination codes (DENOM, etc.) in 1984 [see note for RELIG], the fundamentalism/liberalism
assignment procedure also changed. By using the pre-1984 major denomination categories, the
fundamentalism/liberalism codes can be assigned in the same manner across all years. For details on
the fundamentalism/liberalism codes, see GSS Methodological Report No. 43.
________________________________________________________________________________
LIBTEMP, CONTEM The deletion of a Q-by-Q after 1987 (See Appendix B) apparently resulted in a large increase in the
PROTTEMP, CATHTEMP coding of 50o in 1988.
JEWTEMP, MSLMTEMP
________________________________________________________________________________
RACMAR, RACDIN, Until 1978, RACMAR, RADIN, RACPUSH, RACSEG, RACOPEN, RACLIVE, RACINTEG,
RACOPEN, RACLIVE, RACHOME, RACFEW, RACHAF, RACMOST, and RACPRES were asked of non-blacks only.
RACPUSH, RACSEG, Since 1978, they have been asked of all respondents. RACDIN, RACOPEN, RACLIVE, RACCLOS,
RACSCHOL, RACFEW, RACDIS, RACHOME, and RACFEW were asked in terms of opposite race. RACMAR, RACMAR10,
RACHAF, RACMOST, RACSEG, and RACINTEG were asked in reference to blacks as given.
RACPRES
________________________________________________________________________________
RACMAR, RACPUSH Surveys prior to 1993 used the phrase "Negro/Black" or "Negroes/Blacks." Since 1993, the
RACSEG, RACOPEN, questions wording has been "Black/African-American" and "Blacks/African-Americans."
RACLIVE, RACCLOS,
RACDIS, RACINTEG
RACHOME, RACFEW,
RACHAF, RACMOST,
BUSING, RACPRES,
RACCHURH
________________________________________________________________________________
Appendix N
RACPUSH, RACSEG In the 1972-73 surveys, "Negro" was used instead of "(Negro/Black)." In the 1973 survey, the lead
was "I'm going to read some opinions other people have expressed in connection with Negro-White
relations. Please tell me which statement on this card comes closest to how you yourself feel about
each one of these opinions." In the 1975 survey, the lead was "Here is an opinion other people have
expressed in connection with (Negro/Black)-White relations. Please tell me which statement on this
card comes closest to how you, yourself feel about it." The phrase "The first one is ..." is used in years
that both parts are asked (1972, 1976, 1977, 1978, 1980, 1982, 1984, 1985).
________________________________________________________________________________
RACOPEN In the 1976 survey, the B option was refusing "to sell to someone because of his race or color." In
1973, 1975, 1978, 1980 and 1983+, the word "their" was used instead of "his." In the 1973, 1975, and
1976 surveys, this question was asked of whites only. In the 1978, 1980, 1983, 1984 and 1986
surveys, this was asked of both races. In 1973 and 1975, "who" was used. In 1976, 1978,
1980, 1983, 1984 and 1986-2004, "whom" was used. In 2004, “neither” was not a response category.
________________________________________________________________________________
RACOPEN,RACLIV From 1983 to 1991 the choice of racial terms was listed "Black/Negro." In earlier years, it was
RACCLOS, RACDIS, "Negro/Black."
RACINTEG, RACFEW,
RACHAF, RACMOST
BUSING, RACPRES,
RACCHURH
________________________________________________________________________________
RACLIV, RACCLOS In 1972, 1973, 1975, 1976, 1978, 1980, 1982+, the question read "Are there any (Negroes/blacks)
RACDIS, RACINTEG living in this neighborhood now?" In the 1974 and 1977 surveys, the "now" was omitted. In the
1972-77 surveys, the question was asked of whites only. In the 1978, 1980, 1982+ surveys, this was
asked of both races. In RACLIVE, RACCLOS, RACDIS and RACINTEG, whites were asked about
"Negro[es]/black(s)." In RACLIVE, RACCLOS, and RACDIS, blacks were asked about "whites." In
RACINTEG, blacks were asked about "Negro/black." In 1972-75, 1977, 1978, 1982+, 129B asked
"blocks (or miles)." In 1976 and 1980, it read "(blocks/miles)." Since 1983, "Black" was used instead
of "Negro/Black."
In 1987, RACCLOS, RACDIS] were asked regardless of response to RACLIVE.

________________________________________________________________________________
RACSCHOL In the 1977 survey, "same school" (singular) was used. In 1972, "Negro" was used. Since then,
"Negro/Black" was used.
________________________________________________________________________________
RACFEW, RACHAF In the 1972, 1974, 1975, and 1977 surveys, this was asked of whites only. Since the 1977 survey, this
RACMOST, was asked of both races. Whites were asked about "Negroes/Blacks," and blacks were asked about
"Whites."
________________________________________________________________________________
RACPRES In the 1972, 1975, and 1977 surveys, this was asked of whites only. Since the 1977 survey, this was
asked of all respondents.
________________________________________________________________________________
RACCHURH Attending an integrated church (RACHURH) appears to be affected by changes in context due to the
rotation design (See Appendix Q and GSS Methodological Report Nos. 55 and 56). Based on the
1988+ split-ballot comparisons, previous years can be adjusted for these effects.
________________________________________________________________________________
Appendix N
HAPPY Two separate context effects have distorted the time trend on personal happiness (HAPPY). First,
personal happiness is higher for married persons when preceded by an item on marital happiness
(HAPMAR). Marital happiness has preceded personal happiness on all surveys except 1972 and Form
3 in 1980 and Form 3 in 1987. To make a consistent series, we have a) used the experimental
comparisons in 1980 and 1987 to adjust the 1972 personal happiness figures and have eliminated the
variant experimental forms in 1980 and 1987 (GSS Social Change Report No. 6). Second, personal
happiness is lower when not preceded by the five-item, satisfaction scale (SATCITY, SATHOBBY,
SATFAM, SATFRND, SATHEALT). This scale has routinely preceded personal happiness except in
1972, in 1985, on Form 2 in 1986, and on Forms 2 and 3 in 1987. The use of the experimental
comparisons in 1986 and 1987 allows adjustments to be made (GSS Methodological Report No. 34).
________________________________________________________________________________
HAPMAR Marital happiness (HAPMAR) is lower when not preceded by the five-item, satisfaction scale
(SATCITY, SATHOBBY, SATFAM, SATFRND, SATHEALT). This scale preceded marital
happiness in all years except 1985 and on Form 2 in 1986 and Forms 2 and 3 in 1987. To create a
consistent time series, use the experimental comparisons in 1986 and 1987 to adjust the 1985 figures
(GSS Methodological Report No. 34).
________________________________________________________________________________
HELPFUL Belief in the helpfulness of people (HELPFUL) appears to be affected by ballot (GSS Methodological
Report No. 55). Results from the 1988+ ballot comparisons can be used to adjust earlier years.
________________________________________________________________________________
TRUST Belief in the trustworthiness of people (TRUST) appears to be affected by ballot (GSS Methodological
________________________________________________________________________________
SATCITY The item on community satisfaction (SATCITY) shows a significant ballot difference in 1988. While
the other items on the satisfaction scale (SATFAM, SATHEALT, SATFRND, and SATHOBBY) do
not show individually significant differences in 1988, the five items taken as a scale show significant,
ballot-like differences prior to 1988 and borderline significance in 1988 (GSS Methodological Report
No. 55).
________________________________________________________________________________
SATTFRND Satisfaction with friends (SATFRND) appears to be affected by ballot (GSS Methodological
________________________________________________________________________________
CONFINAN, CONBUS The question was asked as indicated in the 1973, 1974, 1977, 1978, 1980, 1982-84, and 1986-2004
CONCLERG, CONEDUC surveys (except that the banking institution appeared only since 1977). In the 1975-76 surveys, the
CONFED, CONLABOR institutions were asked in the following order with the indicated phrases inserted:
CONPRES, CONMEDIC
CONTV, CONJUDGE
CONSCI, CONLEGIS
CONARMY, A. First, how much confi- G. Education?
dence do you have in __________________________
the people running the
Executive branch of the H. Medicine?
federal government? __________________________
_____________________________
I. TV?
B. How about people running __________________________
organized labor?
_____________________________ J. U.S. Supreme Court?
_________________________
C. Press?
_____________________________ K. How about the people
running the scientific community?
Appendix N
D. Military?
________________________________________________________________
E. Major companies? L. Congress?

________________________________________________________________
F. How about the people M. Banks and financial

running organized institutions?
religion?
________________________________________________________________
MANNERS, SUCCESS In the 1975 survey, part A reads "The qualities on this card may all be important, but which three
HONEST, CLEAN, would you say are the most desirable for a child to have?" In the 1973, 1976, 1978, 1980, 1983, 1984,
JUDGEMENT, CONTROL 1986 surveys, it reads "Which three qualities listed on this card would you say are the most desirable
ROLE, AMICABLE, for a child to have?"
OBEYS, RESPONSI
CONSIDER, INTEREST
STUDIOUS
________________________________________________________________________________
MANNERSY, SUCCESSY In 1984 on Form 3, the gender-neutral Kohn child value items were asked in reverse order with "good
HONESTY, CLEANY, student" first on the list and "good manners" last (GSS Methodological Report No. 30).
JUDGEMENTY, CONTROLY
ROLEY, AMICABLEY,
OBEYSY, RESPONSIY
CONSIDERY, INTERESTY
STUDIOUSY
________________________________________________________________________________
AGED Support for having parents cared for in their children homes (AGED) is influenced by context
resulting from the rotation scheme. The ballot experiments in 1988+ can be used to adjust for the
rotation variation in prior years.
________________________________________________________________________________
ANOMIA1, ANOMIA2 There have been variations in which words in the introduction were underlined. In 1977, 1978, 1980,
ANOMIA3, ANOMIA4 1983, and 1985, more or less/more or less was underlined. In 1976, agree/disagree was underlined.
ANOMIA5, ANOMIA6 In 1974, more or less agree/more or less disagree was underlined. In 1973, both the 1977-78 and 1974
ANOMIA7. ANOMIA8 variations were used on parts of this question.
ANOMIA9 ________________________________________________________________________________
SATJOB In the 1972 survey, those keeping house were not asked this question. In all later surveys, they were.
In the 1972-74, 1977-78, 1980, 1982+ surveys, those "unemployed, laid off, looking for work" were
asked this question, but in the 1975-76 surveys, they were not.
________________________________________________________________________________
RICHWORK In the 1973-74, 1977, 1980, 1982, 1984, 1985, and 1987-2004 surveys, respondents "unemployed, laid
off, looking for work" were asked this question. In the 1976 survey, they were not.
________________________________________________________________________________
RANK, RANK10 In 1987, this was self-administered. Interviewer instructions, "Hand...below," were replaced with
respondent instruction, "Please mark box below."
________________________________________________________________________________
WKSUBS In the 1976, 1982 and 1985 surveys, the question read "he or she."
________________________________________________________________________________
WKSUB, WKSUBS No answers increased notably in 1988 due to an incorrect skip instruction on ballot A.
WKSUP, WKSUPS In 1991, WKSUB was asked of respondents on all three ballots instead of on only two ballots as in
previous years. This question was still asked of respondents' spouses, when applicable, on two ballots.
________________________________________________________________________________
Appendix N
GETAHEAD In the 1973-74 surveys, there was an unread response on "Other [Specify]" that was eliminated from
the later surveys. The precoded unread response was "Luck most important or help from other
people" in the 1976 survey.
________________________________________________________________________________
CHLDMORE, CHLDNUM Code "4," "Not asked, inappropriate," was not precoded in surveys after 1977 as it had been in the
CHLDSOON 1972 and 1974-77 surveys. Because of this and changes in interviewer specifications (see Appendix
B), marginals are not comparable across surveys.
________________________________________________________________________________
CHLDNUM One response of "12" in the 1972 survey and one response of "10" in the 1974 survey were recoded to
"8 or more." Code "9" includes "don't know" and "no answer" responses.
________________________________________________________________________________
TEENPILL Approval of birth control information for teenagers (TEENPILL) used a Depends code in 1974. Since
this code was selected by only three respondents, it has simply been recorded with Don't know and
eliminated from the percentaged responses.
________________________________________________________________________________
SEXEDUC Approval of sex education (SEXEDUC) included a Depends category in 1974.

________________________________________________________________________________
DIVLAW When this item appeared on form 2 in 1978, the distribution varied from that of form 1 in 1978 and
from the distributions of all forms in other years.
________________________________________________________________________________
PREMARSEX, TEENSEX This lead was used for PREMARSX, XMARSEX in 1974, 1975, 1977, 1978, 1980, and 1983-2004.
In 1973 and 1976, the lead was "There has been a lot of discussion about the way morals and attitudes
about sex are changing in this country."
________________________________________________________________________________
HOMOSEX In the 1973-74 surveys, there was an unread response of "Other [Specify]" which was dropped in later
surveys.
________________________________________________________________________________
PORNINF, PORNMORL In the 1973 survey, the question used a card listing items A-D and used the following opening, "On
PORNRAPE, PORNOUT this card are some opinions about the effects of looking at or reading such sexual materials." In the
1976 survey, no card was used, but the same opening sentence was used. In the 1975, 1978, 1983,
1984, and 1986-2004 surveys, "do" and "do not" were underlined.
________________________________________________________________________________
PORNMORL In the 1976 survey, the article "a" was inserted as follows: "Sexual materials lead to a breakdown of
morals. Emphasis added.
________________________________________________________________________________
PORNLAW In the 1973 and 1975 surveys, no card was used.

________________________________________________________________________________
HITOK, HITMARCH In the 1973 and 1975 surveys, those replying "no" to the introductory questions skipped on to the next
HITDRUNK, HITCHLD question. Since 1975, the situational subparts were asked of all respondents regardless of their answer
HITBEATR, HITROBBER to the introductory question.
POLHITOK, POLABUSE
POLMURDR, POLESCAP
POLATTAK
________________________________________________________________________________
Appendix N
POLHITOK, POLABUSE In the 1975 survey, the list of situations was introduced with the lead, "Would you approve of a
POLMURDR, POLESCAP policeman striking a citizen who . . . ." In 1973, 1976, 1978, 1980, and 1983+, the lead was "Would
POLATTAK you approve if the citizen . . . ." Also in the 1975 survey, part C was introduced "Would you approve
of a policeman striking a citizen who . . . ."
________________________________________________________________________________
FEAR In the 1977 survey, the word "right" was omitted.

________________________________________________________________________________
RADIOHRS Hours listening to the radio (RADIOHRS) screens out people who report that they never listen to the
radio and codes those who listen less than a half hour a day as zero. In 1982, zeroes were not coded.
Recoding "Never" with those reporting zero hours per day results in a comparable time series.
________________________________________________________________________________
PHONE In the 1972-75, 1977, 1980, 1982, 1983 and 1984 surveys, the question asked "May I have your name
and telephone number just in case my office wants to verify this interview? A. Is this phone located
in your own home?" In 1978, "just" was omitted. In the 1976 survey, it was "Do you have a
telephone? A. How many phone numbers altogether do you have? May I please have your name and
(one of) your telephone number(s) just in case I have left something out in this interview? B. Is this
phone located in your own home?" Since 1984, the question asked "to make sure I conducted" instead
of "to verify." In 2004+, cell phone was added as a response category.
In the 1973 and 1974 surveys, the information used came directly from PHONE. In the full
probability halves of the 1975 and 1976 surveys and in the 1977, 1978, 1980, 1982+ full probability
surveys, information from AGE, SPEDUC, and DEGREE on the screener was also used to obtain the
maximum amount of usable information (see Below).
1977-83
PHONE(cont.) 13. OBTAIN TELEPHONE INFORMATION

A. Telephone no.
Area Code / 1
No phone ...................... 2
Refused ....................... 3
B. If phone number given, code location of phone:

In household .................. 4
In home of neighbor ........... 5
Other (SPECIFY)________________ 6
1984-91
13. If I have to talk with (SELECTED RESPONDENT), what phone number should I use?
Telephone number given: ( )

AREA CODE NUMBER
A. Code location of phone:

In household................... 1
In home of neighbor............ 2
Other (SPECIFY)________________ 3
B. If no number given code:
No phone....................... 4
Refused........................ 5
Appendix N
1993
18. ([NAME]) has/you have) been selected. If I have to talk with (SELECTED RESPONDENT), what
phone number should I use? (WRITE NAME AND PHONE NUMBER HERE AND COPY TO P. 11,
LOCATOR PAGE.)
NAME: PHONE: ( )
AREA CODE NUMBER
19. Where is this phone?
Code location of phone:

In household................... 1
In home of neighbor............ 2
Other (SPECIFY)________________ 3
IF NO NUMBER GIVEN CODE:
No phone....................... 4
Refused........................ 5
1994-2012
PHONE (cont.) My office sometimes needs to confirm that interviews were conducted. These next questions will
be used for that purpose. Your answers will remain confidential.
1. What is your name?
R's name
.................................1
R Refused........................................... 2
2. What is your phone number?
R's Phone #
...(GO TO INDUS80, PRESTG80, INDUS80).........1
R has no phone...(GO TO SPOCC, SPPRES, SPWRKSLF, SPIND)...........2
R Refused.............(GO TO SPOCC, SPPRES, SPWRKSLF, SPIND).........3
3. Is this phone located in your own house?
Yes..........................(GO TO SPWRKSTA)...... 1
No...........................(GO TO MARITAL)......…. 2
4. Where is the phone located?
5. In whose name is your phone listed?
R's Name.........................................................1
Other (SPECIFY)..........................................2
_________________________________________________________________________________
COOP2, COOP Between the 1972 and 1973 surveys, the response categories for respondent cooperation were altered.
The original usage appears as COOP2 and the revised usage as COOP.
________________________________________________________________________________
RACAVOID, RACCHNG Questions prior to 1993 used the phrase "Negroes/Blacks," while those asked in or since 1993 used
RACQUIT, RACDIF1, "African-Americans/Blacks."
RACDIF2, RACDIF3
RACDIF4
________________________________________________________________________________
Appendix N
RACDIF1, RACDIF2 In 1977, this was asked of non-blacks only. Since 1985, it has been asked of everyone.
RACDIF3, RACDIF4
________________________________________________________________________________
MESERV In 1982 on Form 2, the question on national service for men (MESERVE) was asked immediately
after a similar question on national service for women (FESERVE). This variant ordering produced a
norm of even handedness context effect (GSS Methodological Report No. 55).
________________________________________________________________________________
HELPBLK Questions prior to 1993 used the phrase "Negroes/Blacks," while those asked in or since 1993 used
"African-Americans/Blacks."
________________________________________________________________________________
NUMGIVEN In 1987, the modified question read "From time to time, most people discuss important matters with
other people. Who are the people with whom you discuss such matters? Just tell me their first names
or initials. IF LESS THAN 3 NAMES MENTIONED, PROBE, ANYONE ELSE? ONLY RECORD
FIRST THREE NAMES, BELOW AND ON NEXT PAGE." Since probes stopped after 3 mentions,
the distribution is sharply truncated at 3 in 1987.
________________________________________________________________________________
EQCLOSE, RCLOSE1 In 1987, more people reported they were equally close to all mentioned people, since this referred to a
RCLOSE2, RCLOSE3 maximum of 3 instead of a maximum of 5 as in 1985. This lowered the percent "especially close" for
RCLOSE4, RCLOSE5 RCLOSE1-RCLOSE3. Also, the number of missing values (Punch 9) are much higher in 1987.
________________________________________________________________________________
SPOUSE1, SPOUSE2 In 1987, the categories on the card were Spouse/Parent/Sibling/Child/Other family/Co-
SPOUSE3, SPOUSE4 worker/Member of group/Neighbor/Friend/Advisor/Other. This clearly inflated the mentions on
SPOUSE5, PARENT1 ADVISOR1-ADVISOR3.
PARENT2, PARENT3
PARENT4, PARENT5
SIBLING1, SIBLING2
SIBLING3, SIBLING4
SIBLING5, CHILD1,
CHILD2, CHILD3
CHILD4, CHILD5
OTHFAM1, OTHFAM2
OTHFAM3, OTHFAM4
OTHFAM5, COWORK1
COWORK2, COWORK3
COWORK4, COWORK5
MEMGRP1, MEMGRP2,
MEMGRP3, MEMGRP4
MEMGRP5, NEIGHBR1
NEIGHBR2, NEIGHBR3
NEIGHBR4, NEIGHBR5
FRIEND1, FRIEND2
FRIEND3, FRIEND4
FRIEND5, ADVISOR1
ADVISOR2, ADVISOR3
ADVISOR4, ADVISOR5
OTHER1, OTHER2, OTHER3
OTHER4, OTHER5
________________________________________________________________________________
Appendix N
MEMFRAT, MEMSERV Originally in the 1974 data, this was precoded as a dichotomy (belongs to no organizations/belongs to
MEMVET, MEMPOLIT one or more). The 1974 data were revised to conform to the latter practice of coding the total number
MEMUNION, MEMSPORT of organizations that respondent belonged to.
MEMYOUTH, MEMSCHL
MEMHOBBY, MEMGREEK Part P, "Any other groups," was not listed on the show card on Ballot C in 1990 and 1991 and on
Ballot B in 1991. In 1990 Part P, "Any other groups," was not asked on Ballot C. Part P, "Any other
groups" was listed on the show card for all ballots in 1993.
MEMNAT, MEMFARM
MEMILT, MEMPROF
MEMCHURH, MEMOTHER
________________________________________________________________________________
FRNDREL1, FRNDREL2 The 1988 variables FRNDREL1 to FRNDOTH3 were subsequently recoded to include the religions of
FRNDREL3, FRNDREL4 the friends who were in the same congregation as the respondent (previously considered missing). In
FRNDREL5 1989, codes of 4 and 5 on FRNDREL1 to FRNDREL3 were reversed to correct a coding error.
________________________________________________________________________________
SATHOME In 1996, Ballot B omitted the instruction "READ CATEGORIES BELOW."

________________________________________________________________________________
LAWYERA In 1996, Ballot B used the phrase "of the place" instead of "of the firm or attorney."
________________________________________________________________________________
LAWYERG In 1996, this appeared only on Ballot B.

________________________________________________________________________________
DRCTLINK, TYPEURL In 2000, the question text was "Uses a bookmark".

SRCHENG, BOOKMARK
CATDRCTY, HYPERLNK
________________________________________________________________________________
HLTHINFO, 793A-G In 2000, response option 3, "6 or more times," was not offered. Response option 2 read simply "3 or
more times".
________________________________________________________________________________
BUYINFGN, INVESTGN In 2000, response option 3, "6 or more times," was not offered. Response option 2 read simply "3 or
TRAVELGN, PEOPLEGN more times".
GAMEGN, NEWJOBGN
POLDISGN, POLINFGN
PERFRMGN, ARTGN,
POLCANGN,
________________________________________________________________________________
WWWLINE2 In 2000 “Wireless connection (e.g. from a satellite)” was not an option offered on the Hand Card, and
“Other, not mentioned above” was a precoded option, whereas in 2002 it was volunteered only.
________________________________________________________________________________
OPRICH, OPPROF The response categories and the wording of the question itself have not varied. In 1985, 1990, and
OPFAMILY, 1996, it was a stand-alone item with the introduction, “What is your opinion of the following
statement?” In 1987 and 2000, it was part of a battery with the introduction, “Do you agree or
disagree…” In 1993 and 1994, it was part of a battery with the introduction, “How much do you agree
or disagree with each of these statements?”
________________________________________________________________________________
INCGAP In 1996, items were not asked as part of ISSP. "Somewhat" appeared with "agree" and "disagree,"
GOVEDOP, GOVJOBS and "can't choose" was not an explicit option.
GOVLESS, GOVUNEMP
GOVMINC ________________________________________________________________________________
Appendix N
GOVEQINC From 1987 through 2000, the category "Can't choose" appeared on the questionnaire; in 2008 and
2010, "Don't know" appeared instead on the questionnaire.
In 1996 and 2010, responses used on the questionnaire were "Agree strongly" and "Disagree strongly"
instead of "Strongly agree" and "Strongly disagree".
In 2010, due to a programming error, DKs and NAs were not separately coded; they were later
separated based on the pattern of responses to adjoining questions.
________________________________________________________________________________
FAMBUDGT In 1994 the first option listed was punch one “I manage all the money and give my partner his/her
share.” Punch two also used “partner” instead of “spouse/partner. Punch six read “Not married or
living as married,” respondents answering this way are recorded under punch zero “I am not currently
living with a spouse or partner.”
__________________________________________________________________________________
TWOINCS In 1994, a fifth response option, “strongly disagree,” was included.

__________________________________________________________________________________
LOCALNUM In 1991, this question was asked of all employed people as part of the Work Organization Module.
The screener for this question was used in 1989.
__________________________________________________________________________________
SEXSEX In 1991, some respondents who should have been asked this question (SEXSEX) were unintentionally
skipped out. Based on analysis of the 1988-1990 pattern and manual inspection of the questionnaires
we were able to largely correct this problem. However, 1991 may still be different somewhat from
other years.
_______________________________________________________________________________
GENEGOOD In 1996, this question did not use the precoded response category "IT DEPENDS," Punch 3.
________________________________________________________________________________
ETH1, ETH2, ETH3 In the 1972-73 surveys, American Indians were coded as "Other," punch "29." In the 1974-78, 1980,
1982+ surveys, American Indians were a precoded ethnicity, punch "30." American Indians have
been recoded to "30" for all surveys. After the 1977 survey, a general review of the ethnicity coding
was made and all "Other" lists for 1972-77 were examined. Based on this review, the pre-listed
"National Codes" were revised. Nations that were not on the list but accounted for 0.1 percent of the
cases from 1972 to 1977 (an arbitrary minimum percentage) were prelisted in the "National Codes" in
1978, 1980, 1982+. This added Belgium, India, Lithuania, Portugal, Rumania, and Yugoslavia. One
code, "West Indies," was deleted from the "National Codes," since it referred neither to a country nor
a distinct ethnic group.
At the same time, several changes were made in the general coding of the ethnicity question. First, the
review revealed that a few cases coded "Other" actually represented countries already precoded (e.g.,
Bohemia to Czechoslovakia, Togo to Africa, and Dutch to The Netherlands). These were recoded to
their proper nationality. Second, the cases in 1972-1977 matching the six new nationalities added in
1978 were recoded into their proper nationality. Third, codes of "West Indies" were examined and
recoded into Non-Spanish West Indies (e.g., Jamaica), not specified West Indies, or into a new
grouped category, Other Spanish. Fourth, two new grouped categories, Other Spanish (Spanish West
Indies, Central America, and South America) and Arabic (Arabic countries of the Middle East and
North Africa) were added. Finally, a large group of "Other" cases giving their origin as "United
States," or "American," some particular region or state of the United States, or the like were recoded
as "America." (While these responses were frequent enough to justify the creation of a precoded
"America" category, this was not done in order not to encourage this response.) This minimized the
number of cases remaining in the "Other" category to about eight cases per survey.
Since 1984, the ethnicity question was adapted to record up to three ethnicities mentioned.
In 1994, the following new response codes were introduced: 40) Other Asian, 41) Other European.
________________________________________________________________________________
WWWHR, WWWMIN Before 2004 and on versions 5-6 in 2004 WWWHR and WWWMIN were screened on USEWWW
and COMPUSE. On versions 1-4 in 2004 and in 2006 there were no screening questions.
To make WWWHR and WWWMIN more similar across years, those indicating no use were coded as
“Not Applicable” on version 1-4 in 2004 and in 2006 (i.e. in effect as “screened-out”).
There are some cases in 2000 and 2002 which have zero use indicated on WWWHR and WWWMIN.
Appendix N
Users might consider also recoding these as “Not Applicable” for comparisons across years.
________________________________________________________________________________
EQUALIZE From 1985 through 1998, this question was self-administered, and it had "Can't choose" among
options.
In 2006, it was administered with interviewer assistance, and it had "Don't know" instead.
________________________________________________________________________________
SEXFREQ This question appeared on only form 1 in 1990. Variants of this question, SEXFREQ1 and
SEXFREQ2, were asked on form 2 in 1990. In 2012 only, SEXFREQ was skipped if the respondent
answered “No partner” on the PARTNERS question.
________________________________________________________________________________
JEWAJ, SPJEWAJ, In 2012:

JEW16AJ, SPOTHJEW OTHJEW screened respondents for JEWAJ; before 2012, OTHJEW screened respondents for JEW.
SPREL16, SPDEN16, OTHJEW16 screened respondents for JEW16AJ; before 2012, OTHJEW16 screened respondents for
SPOTH16 JEW16AJ. SPOTHJEW screened respondents for SPJEWAJ; before 2012, SPOTHJEW screened
respondents for SPJEW. SPOTHJEW was asked if RELIG=3, or OTHJEW=1 or 2, or RELIG16=3,
or OTHJEW16=1 or 2, or JEW16=2 and SPREL=4 or DK, and MARITAL=1. SPREL16 was asked if
MARITAL=1 and OTHJEW=1 or 2, or RELIG=3, or OTHJEW16=1 or 2, or RELIG16=3.
MARELIG, PARELIG In 2008, MARELIG and PARELIG were only asked to respondents who selected "Jewish" as their
own religion. In 2012, they were asked if RELIG=3, or OTHJEW=1 or 2, or RELIG16=3, or
OTHJEW16=1 or 2.
KIDNUM, KD1RELIG - In 2012, KIDNUM was asked if RELIG=1, or OTHJEW=1 or 2, or SPOTHJEW=1 or 2.

KD8RELIG In 2012, KD1RELIG-KD8RELIG were asked if RELIG=3, or OTHJEW=1 or 2, or SPREL=3, or
SPOTHJEW=1 or 2, and if the respondent said he/she was currently living in the household under the
age of 18.
________________________________________________________________________________
Appendix O
APPENDIX O:
PREVIOUS USAGE
Many of the questions in this study are replications of items previously occurring in national studies; many of these have
also occurred in variant wordings in past studies. The majority of the previous studies were conducted by the American
Institute of Public Opinion─The Gallup Poll (AIPO); the Survey Research Center, University of Michigan (SRC); and by
NORC. Information on earlier usages are available from the GSS.
The major survey data archives are:
Roper Center for Public Opinion Research (Roper Center)

Box 440
Storrs, CT 06268
http://www.ropercenter.uconn.edu/
Inter-University Consortium for Political and Social

Research (ICPSR)
University of Michigan
P.O. Box 1248
Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106
http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/
Louis Harris Data Archive

Institute for Research in the Social Sciences
Manning Hall
University of North Carolina
Chapel Hill, N. C. 27599-3355
http://www.irss.unc.edu/odum/jsp/content_node.jsp?nodeid=?
NORC (National Opinion Research Center) from

Library
National Opinion Research Center
1155 East 60th Street
Chicago, Illinois 60637
http://www.norc.org/about/library.asp
User may also wish to consult the following published sources:
Cantril, Hadley and Mildred Strunk. Public Opinion 1935-1946. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1951.
Converse, Philip E., et al., American Social Attitudes Data Sourcebook, 1947-78. Cambridge: Harvard University
Press, 1980.
Gallup, George. The Gallup Poll: Public Opinion, 1935-1971. 3 vols. New York: Random House, 1972.
Gallup, George. The Gallup Poll: Public Opinion, 1972-1977. 2 vols. Wilmington, Delaware: Scholarly
Resources, 1978.
Gallup, George. The Gallup Poll: Public Opinion, 1978[79], 80, 81, 82, 83, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94,
95, 96, 97, 98, 99]. Wilmington, Delaware: Scholarly Resources, 1979-1999.
Gallup Poll Monthly, June, 1965 to present (titled Gallup Political Index from June, 1965 to December, 1966;
Gallup Opinion Index from January, 1967 to January, 1981 and titled Gallup Report, from January, 1981
to November, 1989).
Martin, Elizabeth, McDuffee, Diana, and Presser, Stanley, Sourcebook of Harris National Surveys: Repeated
Questions, 1963-1976. Chapel Hill: Institute for Research in Social Science, University of North Carolina,
1981.
Appendix O
Miller, Warren E., et al., American National Election Studies Data Sourcebook: 1952-1986. Cambridge: Harvard
University Press, 1989.
Niemi, Richard G., Mueller, John, and Smith, Tom W., Trends in Public Opinion: A Compendium of Survey Data. New
York: Greenwood Press, 1989.
Public Opinion Quarterly, "Quarter's polls" section, 1947 to 1951: "Polls" section, 1961 to present.
Robinson, John P. and others: Measures of Political Attitudes. Ann Arbor, Michigan, Survey Research Center,
University of Michigan, 1968, and its two appendices titled: Measures of Occupational Attitudes (Appendix
A, 1969) and Measures of Social Psychological Attitudes (Appendix B, Revised, 1973).
Smith, Tom W. A Compendium of Trends on General Social Survey Questions. Chicago: NORC, 1980.
Survey Data for Trend Analysis: An Index to Repeated Questions in U.S. National Surveys held by The Roper Public
Opinion Research Center. Williamstown, Mass.: Roper Public Opinion Research Center, [1975].
Also extremely helpful is the POLL (Public Opinion Location Library) computerized archival system at the Roper
Center which allows users to search for questions by specifying key words and/or subject headings.
Several resources are also available online:
ICPSR. General Social Survey data, documentation, articles, and a comprehensive bibliography of usages can be
found on the GSS page at the ICPSR website. Http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/GSS/.
IPOLL. General Social Survey data is archived and available online through the Roper Center’s archive of public
opinion survey questions. Http://www.ropercenter.uconn.edu/.
IRSS. General Social Survey data is also archived and available online through the data archive at Odum
Institute at the University of North Carolina. Http://www.irss.unc.edu/.
Appendix P
APPENDIX P:
EXPERIMENTAL FORMS
The GSS has used split samples in 1973, 1974, 1985, 1986, and 1988-2012 and three forms were used in 1980, 1984,
and 1987. The different experimental forms are designated on FORM as Form 1 (the standard wordings),
Form 2 (the "y" variant wordings), and Form 3 (the "z" variant wordings).
In 1994-2012 there were also two samples (A and B) employed. As a result there are Forms 1 and 2 on samples A and B,
or four versions ( A1, A2, B1, B2). In 2008 there was only one sample. See also discussion on BALLOT in Appendix Q.
Split samples on the GSS have been used for three broad purposes. First, to test differences in the structure
and/or wording of questions or scales. Second, to test the impact of context on questions including both the order
that different questions appear in and the order of sub‑parts of a single question. Third, in order to accommodate
additional questions, some questions have been asked of respondents on only one form.
All of the questions that have either appeared in different versions or orders on the experimental forms or which
appeared as a supplement on one form only are listed in Table P.1. The table lists the form on which the items
appear and the table notes indicate the form differences on the context variations.
In addition to the experiments using FORM, the GSS has employed factorial vignettes in several years.
The first on welfare was done in 1986 and is not part of the cumulative file (see Appendix S).
The second on mental health was in 1996 and had 90 versions (see VIGVERSN and following variables).
The third on terminal illness was in 1998 and there were six versions (see TERMVIO and following variables).
The fourth on doctors and patients was in 2002 and there were six versions (see DOCVIG and following variables).
The fifth on the mental health of children was in 2002 and had 32 versions (see CHLDVIG and following variables).
The sixth on genes and environment was in 2004 and had 24 versions (see GENEVIG1 and following variables).
The seventh on mental health and stigma was in 2006 and had 24 versions (see M1VIG1 and following variables).
Because of problems with the form randomization procedure used on the 1978, 1980, 1982‑1985 surveys, users
should weight by FORMWT to adjust for incomplete randomization. In general, one should use FORMWT
whenever analyzing form‑related variables. This includes 1) when comparisons are being made between
experimental variables (e.g. COURTS and COURTSY in 1982), 2) when variables are being compared across years
involving an experiment (e.g. EQWLTH which appears only on form 1 in 1978 with EQWLTH that appears on both
forms in 1980, 1983, 1984, etc.), and 3) when a variable appears on one form only (e.g. the ISSP variables in 1985).
For full details on the problem with form randomization and FORMWT see GSS Methodological Report No. 36.1
1
Tom W. Smith and Bruce L. Peterson, "Problems in Form Randomization on the General Social Surveys," July, 1986.
Appendix P
Table P. 1
Variable Form by Year
Variables Years
73 74 76 78 80 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 93 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 12
ABANY C1
ABCARE 3
ABDEFECT C1
ABHLTH C1
ABIMP 1,2
ABNOMORE C1
ABRAPE C1
ABSINGLE C1
ACQNTSEX C12
AIDAVG 1
AIDINDUS 1
AIDNEEDY 1
AIDOLD 1
AIDSADS 1
AIDSFARE 2
AIDSHLTH 1
AIDSIDS 2
AIDSINSR 1
AIDSMAR 2
AIDSMART 1
AIDSSCH 1
AIDSSXED 2
AIDUNEMP 1
ALIENAT1 C2
ALIENAT2 C2
ALIENAT3 C2
ALIENAT4 C2
ALIENAT5 C2
ALIENAT6 C2
ALLOWCOM 2
ALLOWMAR 2
ALLOWRAC 2
AMICABLE 1 C1
AMICABLY 2 C3 1
AMICABLZ 3
AMIMP 1
ANOMIA5 C4
ANOMIA6 C4
ANOMIA7 C4
BELTUP 1
BEPLESNT 2
BIBLE 1,2 1 1,2
BIBLEY 3 2 3
BIGBANG C16
BIGBANG1 C16
BLKZONE 2
BLKSCHS 2
BLKCOL 2
BLNUMOK 1
BLNUMOKY 2
BORROWED 1
BRAZIL 1
BRKDWN1 1
BRKDWN2 1
Appendix P
Variables Years
73 74 76 78 80 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 93 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 12
BRKDWN3 1
BRKDWNR1 1
BRKDWNR2 1
BRKDWNR3 1
BUSING C5
BUSPOW 1
BUSTAX 1
BUYAUTO 2
BUYBED 2
BUYFIXES 2
BUYHOME 2
BUYLAW 2
CANADA C7
CAPFIRM 3
CAPIMP 3
CAPINFO 3
CARBUYA 1
CARBUYB 1
CARBUYC 1
CARBUYD 1
CARBUYE 1
CARBUYF 1
CARBUYG 1
CARBUY1 1
CARDEALR 1
CARPRIVT 1
CHINA C6
CHLDIDEL C1
CLASS 1 1
CLASSY 2
CLEAN 1 C1
CLEANY 2 C3 1
CLEANZ 3
COLAFF 1
COLAFFY 2
COLOP 1
CONARMY C2 1,2
CONARMYY 3
CONBUS C2 1,2
CONBUSY 3
CONCLERG C2 1,2
CONCLERY 3
CONEDUC C2 1,2
CONEDUCY 3
CONFED C2 1,2
CONFEDY 3
CONFINAN C2 1,2
CONFINAY 3
CONJUDGE C2 1,2
CONJUDGY 3
CONLABOR C2 1,2
CONLABOY 3
CONLEGIS C2 1,2
CONLEGIY 3
CONMEDIC C2 1,2
CONMEDIY 3
CONPRESS C2 1,2
CONPRESY 3
Appendix P
Variables Years
73 74 76 78 80 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 93 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 12
CONSCI C2 1,2
CONSCIY 3
CONSIDER 1 C1
CONSIDEY 2 C3 1
CONSIDEZ 3
CONTROL 1 C1
CONTROLY 2 C3 1
CONTROLZ 3
CONTV C2 1,2
CONTVY 3
COURTS 1 1
COURTSY 2 2
CREATOR 3
CRIMFIRM 3
CRIMHOLD 1
CRIMIMP 3
CRIMINFO 3
CRIMREAD 1
CRIMTAIL 1
CRIMTAP 1
CRTRHEAL 1,2
CUTGOVT 1
CUTHOURS 1
DAILY C14
DATABANK 1
DISCAFF 1
DISCAFFM 1 1 2
DISCAFFW 2 2 1
DISCAFFY 2
DIVLAW 1,2a
DIVLAWY 2
DOINGDYS C14
DOINGFIN C14
DOINGTRN C14
DRINK1 2
DRINK3 2
DRINK5 2
DRINK6UP 1
DRINK8 2
DRINK12 2
DRINKDAY 1
DRINKMAX 2
DRINKMIN 2
DRINKYR 1
EGYPT C6
ENGLAND 1
EQINCOME 1
EQUALIZE 1
EQWLTH 1
EQWLTHY 2
ETH1 C15
ETH2 C15
ETH3 C15
ETHNIC C15
ETHNUM C15
ETHORGS 1
ETHSPKOK 2
EVBUYHME 2
Appendix P
Variables Years
73 74 76 78 80 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 93 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 12
EVOLVED C17
EVOLVED1 C17
FATHER 3
FEBEAR 2
FECARE 2
FECOLOP 1
FEFIRM 1
FEGIVE 2
FEHIRE 2 2
FEHLPBUS 1
FEHLPCOL 1
FEHLPJOB 1
FEIMP 1
FEINFO 1
FEINC 1
FEJOB1 1
FEJOB2 1
FEJOB3 1
FEJOBAFF 1 1
FEJOBOP 1
FEJOIN 2
FEPOL 1 1
FEPOLY 2 2
FESERVE C7
FETHINK 2
FEWRITE 2
FORBDCOM 1
FORBDMAR 1
FORBDRAC 1
FORMLDYS
FORMLFIN C14
FORMLHRS C14
FORMLTRN C14
FRIEND3 3 C14
FRNDKING 1,2
FRNDSEX C12
GENDERWK C14
GENECANX 1
GENECANY 2
d
GETAHEAD 1
d
GETAHEAY 2
GOVMENTL 2
GOVTPOW 1
GRASS 1,2a
GRASSY 2
GUNFIRM 3
GUNIMP 3
GUNINFO 3
HAPPY C8 C9 C11
HAPMAR C8 C9 C11
HEALER 3
HEALTH 1b
HEALTH1 2
HELPOTH 2
HINUMOK 1
HINUMOKY 2
HLPHITEC 1
Appendix P
Variables Years
73 74 76 78 80 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 93 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 12
HLTHCARE 1
HOMEYEAR 2
HONEST 1 C1
HONESTY 2 C3 1
HONESTZ 3
HOURLY C14
HOWPAID C14
HSBASICS 1
HSCARING 1
HSJOBTR 1
HSJUDGE 1
HSLIBART 1
HSORDER 1
HSRESPCT 1
HSSCI 1
HSSEXED 1
INCTAX 1
INFLJOBS 1
INTEREST 1 C1
INTERESY 2 C3 1
INTERESZ 3
ISRAEL C6
JAPAN C6
JOBACCMP 2
JOBHELP 2
JOBHONOR 2
JOBHOUR 1
JOBINC 1
JOBINDEP 2
JOBINTER 2
JOBKEEP 2
JOBMEANS 1
JOBOFF 2
JOBPAY 2
JOBPEOP 2
JOBPROMO 1
JOBRESP 2
JOBRISE 2
JOBSAFE 2
JOBSALL 1
JOBSEC 1
JOBSOC 2
JUDGE 3
JUDGELUV 1,2
JUDGMENT 1 C1
JUDGMENY 2 C3 1
JUDGMENZ 3
KIDBEAT 1
KIDDRUGS 1
KIDEDPAR 1
KIDHLTH 1
KIDNEEDY 1
KIDOUT 1
KIDSKIPS 1
KIDXFILM 1
KING 3
KNWMHOSP 1
KNWPATNT 1
Appendix P
Variables Years
73 74 76 78 80 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 93 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 12
LABORPOW 1
LAWFIRM 1,2
LAWIMP 1,2
LAWINFO 1,2
LEARNHME 2
LESSREG 1
LETDIE1 E1
LIBERATR 3
LOANED 2
LOCYRS C14
LOVER 3
MAKEJOBS 1
MANHOLD 1
MANNERS 1 C1
MANNERSY 2 C3 1
MANNERSZ 3
MANREAD 1
MANTAIL 1
MANTAP 1
MAPA 1,2
MASTER 3
MASTERSP 1,2
MATESEX C12
MEBEAR 1
MENTL1 2
MENTL2 2
MENTL3 2
MENTLR1 2
MENTLR2 2
MENTLR3 2
MENTLX1 2
MENTLX2 2
MENTLX3 2
MESERVE C7
MOTHER 3
MUSTRET 1
NATAID C10 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
NATAIDY 2 2 2 2,3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
NATAIDZ 3
NATARMS C10 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
NATARMSY 2 2 2 2,3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
NATARMSZ 3
NATCHLD
NATCITY C10 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
NATCITYY 2 2 2 2,3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
NATCITYZ 3
NATCRIME C10 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
NATCRIMY 2 2 2 2,3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
NATCRIMZ 3
NATDRUG C10 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
NATDRUGY 2 2 2 2,3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
NATDRUGZ 3
NATEDUC C10 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
NATEDUCY 2 2 2 2,3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
NATEDUCZ 3
NATENVIR C10 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
NATENVIY 2 2 2 2,3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
NATENVIZ 3
Appendix P
Variables Years
73 74 76 78 80 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 93 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 12
NATFARE C10 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
NATFAREY C10 2 2 2 2,3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
NATFAREZ 3
NATHEAL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
NATHEALY 2 2 2 2,3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
NATHEALZ 3
NATMASS 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2,3 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2
NATMASSZ 3
NATPARK 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2,3 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2
NATPARKZ 3
NATRACE C10 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
NATRACEY 2 2 2 2,3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
NATRACEZ 3
NATROAD 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2,3 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2
NATROADZ 3
NATSOC 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2,3 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2
NATSOCZ 3
NATSPAC C10 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
NATSPACY 2 2 2 2,3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
NATSPACZ 3
NEWOWNED 2
NEWUSED 1
d
NEWS 1
d
NEWSPRNT 2
NEWSFROM 1
NEWSFRMY 2
NOEMOTE 2
NOSMOKE 1
NOTAM 1
NOTUPSET 2
NOTWORRY 2
NUMEMP C14
OBEY 2
OBEYLAW 1
OBEYS 1 C1
OBEYSY 2 C3 1
OBEYSZ 3
OCCYRS C14
OCCTRAIN C14
OPFAMILY 1
OPPROF 1
OPRICH 1
ORGSIZE C14
OTHERSEX C12
OTHYRS C14
OTJTRAIN C14
OWNAUTOS 1
OWNBANKS 1
OWNMASS 1
OWNPOWER 1
OWNSTEEL 1
PAIDSEX C12
PARTNERS C12 1
PARTNRS5 1
PARTOPEN 2
PARTOPN5 2
PARTORG C14
Appendix P
Variables Years
73 74 76 78 80 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 93 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 12
PERACT1 1
PERACT2 1
PERACT3 1
PIKUPSEX C12
PILLOK E2
POLEFF1 1
POLEFF2 1
POLEFF3 1
POLEFF4 1
POLEFF5 1
POLEFF6 1
POLEFF7 1
POLEFF8 1
POLEFF9 1
POLEFF10 1
POLHITOK E3
POLVIEWS 1,2a 1
POLVIEWX 2
POLVIEWY 2
POPESPKS E4
POPULAR 1
POSSLQ 1
POSSLQY 2
POVZONE 1
POVSCHS 1
POVCOL 2
PRAYER 1 1
PRAYERY 2
PRAYERX 2
PRBAPP1 1
PRBAPP2 1
PRBAPP3 1
PRBHLP1 1
PRBHLP2 1
PRBHLP3 1
PRBHLPR1 1
PRBHLPR2 1
PRBHLPR3 1
PRICECON 1
PROGTAX 1
PROTEST1 1
PROTEST2 1
PROTEST3 1
PROTEST4 1
PROTEST5 1
PROTEST6 1
PUBDEF 1
PUBECON 1
RACCARE 2
RACDIN 1
RACFIRM 1
RACGIVE 2
RACHOME C5
RACIMP 1
RACINFO 1
RACJOIN 2
RACPUB 1
RACPUSH 1
Appendix P
Variables Years
73 74 76 78 80 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 93 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 12
RACQUOTA 2
RACSCHOL 1
RACSEG C5
RACSPEAK 1
RACTCH15 1
RACTHINK 2
RACWRITE 2
RANK 2
RDEEMLIB 1,2
REALTORA 2
REALTORB 2
REALTORC 2
REALTORD 2
REALTORE 2
REALTORF 2
REALTOR1 2
REDEEMER 3
RELAGENT 2
RELDEALR 1
RELHOME 2
RELMHOSP 1
RELPRIVT 1
RESPONSI 1 C1
RESPONSY 2 C3 1
RESPONSZ 3
REVPUB 1
REVSPEAK 1
REVTCH15 1
ROLE 1 C1
ROLEY 2 C3 1
ROLEZ 3
RUSSIA C6
SAMEWORK C14
SATCAR 1
SATCITY C9 C11
SATFAM C9 C11
SATFRND C9 C11
SATHEALT C9 C11
SATHOBBY C9 C11
SATHOME 2
SAVEJOBS 1
SCIFROM 1
SCIFROMY 2
SCINEWS1 1
SCINEWS2 1
SCINEWS3 1
SEEKSCI 1
SEEKSCIY 2
SELLAUTO 1
SELLBED 1
SELLHOME 1
SETPRICE 1
SETWAGE 1
SEXFREQ C13 1
SEXFREQ1 2
SEXFREQ2 2
SEXSEX C12
SHOWFEEL 2
Appendix P
Variables Years
73 74 76 78 80 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 93 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 12
SITEYRS C14
SPARMS 1
SPARTS 1
SPENVIRO 1
SPHLTH 1
SPMENTL 1
SPOUSE 3
SPPOLICE 1
SPRETIRE 1
SPSCHOOL 1
SPUNEMP 1
STUDIOUS 1 C1
STUDIOUY 2 C3 1
STUDIOUZ 3
SUCCESS 1 C1
SUCCESSY 2 C3 1
SUCCESSZ 3
TAX C10
TERMECON 1,2
TERMEMOT 1,2
TERMINAL 1,2
TERMPAIN 1,2
TERMPAY 1,2
TERMREL 1,2
THNKSELF 2
TRAINSCH C14
TRANSOTH 1
TRANSREL 2
TRUST 1
TRUSTY 2
TYPDEALR 1
TYPEORG C14
UNION 1
USANGRY 1
USENTHUS 1
USFRUSTR 1
USHOPEFL 1
USINTL 1
USSAT 1
USUPSET 1
USWAR 1
USWARY 2
USWORRY 1
VERDICT 1
WARRNTYC 1
WARRNTYH 2
WEEKLY C14
WHOLOAND 1
WHOSOLD 2
WOJOB C14
WOJOBYRS C14
WORKHARD 2
WRKOTH C14
YEARLY C14
Appendix P
a Early in the questionnaire DIVLAW, GRASS, and POLVIEWS were asked on form 1 while DIVLAWY,
GRASSY, and POLVIEWY were asked on form 2. DIVLAW, GRASS, and POLVIEWS were also asked
at a later point in the survey on form 2. See Appendix B.
b The experiments were only on versions 4-6.
C1 ‑ On form 1 ABANY, ABDEFECT, ABHLTH, ABRAPE, ABNOMORE and ABSINGLE
appeared immediately before the child qualities question (AMICABLE...SUCCESS) and CHLDIDEL.
On form 2 the abortion question immediately followed child qualities and CHLDIDEL.
C2 ‑ On form 1 CONBUS...CONTV appeared immediately before ALIENAT1‑6.

On form 2 the order was reversed.
C3 ‑ On forms 1 and 2 the child qualities (AMICABLY...SUCCESSY) were asked in their regular order,
items A‑M. On form 3 they were in reversed order, items M‑A.
C4 ‑ On form 1 ANOMIA5‑7 were grouped together. On form 2 they were scattered throughout the
questionnaire. See Appendix B.
C5 ‑ Form 1 included RACDIN, RACPUSH, and RACSCHOL. These questions did not appear on form 2.
BUSING, RACHOME, and RACSEG appeared on both forms.
On form 1 they were preceded by RACSCHOL, RACDIN, and RACPUSH.
C6 ‑ BRAZIL and ENGLAND appeared on only form 1. CANADA, CHINA, EGYPT, ISRAEL, JAPAN, and
RUSSIA appeared on both forms.
C7 ‑ MESERVE immediately preceded FESERVE on form 1. On form 2 the order was reversed.
C8 ‑ On forms 1 and 2 HAPMAR immediately preceded HAPPY. On form 3 the order was reversed.
C9 ‑ On form 1 SATCITY, SATFAM, SATFRND, SATHEALT, and SATHOBBY immediately preceded HAPPY
and HAPMAR. On form 2 the order was reversed.
C10‑ On form 1 TAX was asked immediately before the spending scale (NATARMS...NATSPAC).
On form 2 the order was reversed.
C11‑ On form 1 SATCITY, SATFAM, SATFRND, SATHEALT, AND SATHOBBY came first followed by
HAPMAR and then HAPPY. On form 2 HAPMAR came first followed by HAPPY and then SATCITY...
SATHOBBY. On form 3 HAPPY came first followed by HAPMAR, and then SATCITY...SATHOBBY.
C12‑ On form 1 the following introduction preceded PARTNERS, "Now we would like you to answer some additional
questions. Your answers are confidential and will be used only for statistical reports."
On form 2 PARTNERS was preceded by "There is a great deal of concern today about the AIDS epidemic
and how to deal with it. Because of the grave nature of this problem, we are going to ask you some
personal questions and we need your frank and honest responses. Your answers are confidential and
will be used only for statistical reports."
C13- On form 1 SEXFREQ followed SEXSEX. On form 2 SEXFREQ preceded PARTNERS.
C14- These were asked on form 1 on versions 1-3 and forms 1 and 2 on versions 4-6.
C15- Two different way of programming these questions were used. On form 2 the program used in 2002 was used.
On form 1 an alternative program more similar to that used in pre-CAPI was employed.
C16- BIGBANG and BIGBANG1 were asked on different random halves within BALLOT=2 or 3.
C17- EVOLVED and EVOLVED1 were asked on different random havles within BALLOT=2 or 3.
d Experiments were only on the C sample, version 7
E1- LETDIE1 (Form X), LETDIE1Y (Form Y) "…doctors should OR SHOULD NOT be allowed…" Added text in CAPITALS
LETDIE1Y appears in 2008 cross-section only
Appendix P
E2- PILLOK (Form X), PILLOKY (Form Y) Do strongly disagree, disagree, agree, or strongly agree that methods of birth control
should be available to teenagers between the ages of 14 and 16 if their parents do not approve?
PILLOKY appears in 2008 cross-section only
E3- POLHITOK (Form X), POLHITOY (Form Y) added at end "or are there no situations you can image in which you would
approve of this?
POLHITOY appears in 2008 cross-section only
E4- POPESPKS (Form X), POPESPKY (Form Y) Certainly false, Probably false, I am uncertain whether this is false or true,
Probably true, CNote: This uses a card and there will be TWO versions of the card.
POPESPKY appears in 2008 cross-section only
Science Module Randomization (2008 data)

The Science Module was included in Ballot 1 and Ballot 2 of the questionnaire.
Among those who were assigned to Ballot 3, only 25% received the Science questions.
Within the Science module, some questions were randomly assigned according to the following three conditions:
1 SCIINTRO: long or short introduction
Long introduction: Now, let me ask you about your use of museums, zoos, and similar institutions.
I am going to read you a short list of places and ask you to tell me how many times you visited each type of place
during the last year, that is, the last 12 months. If you did not visit any given place, just say none.
Short introduction:Now, I am going to read you a short list of places and ask you to tell me how many times you visited
each type of place during the last year, that is, the last 12 months. If you did not visit any given place, just say none.
2 SCIMODE: assigned to self-administered questionnaire or face-to-face interview mode
3 MABOYGRL or BOYORGRL were randomly assigned.
MABOYGRL: It is the mother's gene that decides whether the baby is a boy or a girl.
BOYORGRL: It is the father's gene that decides whether the baby is a boy or a girl.
Appendix Q
APPENDIX Q: STUDY DESIGNS
Since its inception, the GSS employed a rotation design under which most of its items appeared on two out of every three
surveys. There are three rotation patterns, so overall the data appeared as in Table Q.1.
Table Q.1
Item Appearances on the GSS, 1972-1987
Surveys
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
1 2 3 4 5
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Permanent items X X X X X
Rotation 1 X X X X
Rotation 2 X X X
Rotation 3 X X X
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
This rotation scheme (designed by Otis Dudley Duncan) allowed the GSS to include more regular items (since each rotating
item appeared only 2/3 of the time), but still provided for the regular and reasonably dense repetition of questions. The importance of
the rotation scheme has increased in recent years, since more items have been shifted from permanent to rotating status in order to
open up sufficient room for the topical modules.
While this design proved to be a very useful device for both monitoring change and augmenting the content of the GSS, it
had the disadvantage of irregularly spacing the data and allowing gaps in the time series. This situation was particularly acute during
the 1978-1982 period when NSF did not fund surveys in 1979 and 1981. At that juncture, four-year gaps regularly appeared in the
data and six-year lapses existed for bivariate correlations between items from different rotations. Even with annual surveys, two-year
gaps and three-year intervals for bivariate correlations occur.
To reduce this imbalance in the time series and reduce the length of intervals, we switched in 1988 from the rotation,
across-time design previously used to a split-ballot design. Under this design rotations 1, 2, and 3 occur across random sub-samples
within each survey rather than across surveys (and years). Each sub-sample (know as "ballots") consists of 1/3 of the sample. Note
that the variable BALLOT denotes which of these rotational sub-samples a person received, and the variable form (see Appendix P)
tells which experimental form a person received.
Table Q.2
Item Appearance on the GSS, 1988+
Surveys
YEARS
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
1 2 3
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Ballots Ballots Ballots
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
A B C A B C A B C
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Permanent items X X X X X X X X X
Rotation 1 X X X X X X
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Table P.2 shows how ballots now take the place of surveys (years). Permanent items appear on all ballots of all surveys.
Appendix Q
Items in rotation 1 appear on ballots A and B on each survey; items on rotation 2 appear on ballots B and C; and items on rotation 3 on
ballots A and C. In effect, ballot A contains those items that appeared under year 1 of the old rotation across survey scheme (Table
Q.1), ballot B represents year 2, and ballot C year 3. As one can see by comparing years 1-3 in Table Q.2, the content of the core GSS
no longer varies across surveys (years) but remains fixed.
In terms of appearances, permanent items are not affected by this switch. They continue to appear on all cases for all surveys.
Rotating items will now appear on all surveys and be asked on each survey of two-thirds of respondents. Over a three-year cycle, the
same number of respondents are asked the "rotating" items as before (3,000), but instead of coming in two segments of 1,500 each
from two surveys, they appear in three segments of 1,000 each from three surveys. More details on the rationale and implications of
this switch are covered in Tom W. Smith, "Rotation Design of the GSS," GSS Methodological Report No. 52. Chicago: NORC,
February, 1988.
Table Q.3 shows how the items in 1988 fit into the rotation design. There are 169 permanent items that appear on all forms; 92
rotating items that appear on ballots A and B, 94 rotating items that appear on ballots B and C, and 55 rotating items that appear on
ballots A and C. Together these make up the replicating core of the GSS, and they will appear in the same fashion over the next
Table Q.3
Items on the 1988 GSS by Rotation Status
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Ballots
A B C
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Replicating Core
Permanent 169 169 169
Rotation 1 92 92 0
Rotation 2 0 94 94
Rotation 3 55 0 55
316 355 318
Supplemental Items
Topical Module (Religious)
Upgrades 0 0 27 *
Additions 70 70 70
AIDS Questions 27 27 27
ISSP 58 58 58
471 510 500
___________________________________________________________________________________________
*Religious items normally appearing on rotation 1 that will also be asked on ballot C.
four surveys. Altogether there are 316 core items on ballot A, 355 on ballot B, and 318 on ballot C. The bottom half of Table Q.3
shows the appearance of supplemental items. These items are not part of the replicating core and are not governed by the rotation
design or ballots. Normally these items appear in a single year only, although supplemental items may repeat in different surveys. 1
One special feature of the 1988 design is that the topical module on religion not only added 70 new items, but also upgraded 27
religious items that are part of the replicating core. These items are part of rotation 1, regularly appearing on ballots A and B. In 1988,
these religion items were added on ballot C so that they would be asked of all respondents just as were the new religion items in the
topical module.
Appendix U indicates on which ballots a variable appears.
1
For example, a substantial part of the 1985 network module was repeated as part of the socio-political participation module in
1987 and part of the 1985 ISSP role of government module was repeated in 1990
Appendix Q
Since 1994, the GSS has employed a biennial, dual sample design. That means that the GSSs appear in even years and consist of
two, traditional samples. In effect, each dual sample GSS is two regular, annual GSSs administered simultaneously. These two surveys
appear on the A and B samples and are listed as 94A, 94B, etc. in Appendix U. Each sample is subdivided into the three ballots as
described above. To distinguish between the ballots that appear on samples A and B, the variable VERSION is used. The following
table shows how sample, ballot, version, and year are related:
How VERSION Matches Sample and BALLOT by YEAR
YEAR
1994 1996-2000 2002
Sample=A
BALLOT A 1,4 1 1
BALLOT B 2,5 2 2
BALLOT C 3,6 3 3
Sample=B (Reduced core)
BALLOT A 7 4 4
BALLOT B 8 5 5
BALLOT C 9 6 6
For example, in 1996 VERSION 2 is BALLOT B on sample A and VERSION 5 is BALLOT B on sample B.
There are three extra versions in sample A in 1994 because there was a special experimental design. VERSIONS 1-3 included the
longer, old core and VERSIONS 4-6 included the shorter, new core. The new core is used in sample B and subsequent years. For more
details on this experiment see Tom W. Smith, "Context Effects Resulting from the Revision of the GSS Core in 1994," GSS
Methodological Report No. 84. Chicago: NORC, 1995. In 2002 the same six versions as used in 1996-2000 were employed, but the
core items were greatly reduced in sample B (versions 4-6). In 2006 there was a 7th version, which was a ballot D. Some items
appearing in version 1-6 also appeared in Version 7, but the rotation of items occurred on VERSIONS 1-6 only as described above.
Panel Component
The GSS is switching from a repeating, cross-section design to a combined repeating cross-section and panel-component design. The
2006 GSS is the base year for the first panel. A sub-sample of 2000 GSS cases from 2006 was selected for reinterview in 2008 and
again in 2010 as part of the GSSs in those years. The 2008 GSS consists of a new cross-section of 2023 plus the 2006 reinterviews.
The 2010 GSS consists of another new cross-section of 2041, the second reinterview wave of the 2006 panel cases and the first
reinterview wave of the 2008 panel cases. The 2010 GSS is the first one to fully implement the new, combined design. In 2012 there
likewise was a fresh crosssection, wave two panel cases from the immediately preceding GSS, and wave three panel cases from the
next earlier GSS.
Appendix R
APPENDIX R:
CROSSNATIONAL AND TOPICAL MODULES
Since 1980, the GSS has been collaborating with counterparts in other countries. Initial bilateral contact
between GSS Allgemeine Bevoelkerungsumfrage der Sozialwissenschaften (ALLBUS) at the at the Zentrum
fuer Umfragen, Methoden, und Analysen (ZUMA) of the Federal Republic of Germany grew into a
multinational collaboration between GSS/NORC, ALLBUS/ZUMA, the British Social Attitudes Survey (BSA) at
Social and Community Planning Research (SCPR) of England, and the National Social Science Survey (NSSS)
at Australian National University (ANU). SCPR has been renamed the National Centre for Social Research,
ZUMA has become a part of Gesellschaft Sozialwissenschaftlicher Infrastruktureinrichtungen (GESIS), and the
NSSS is now the Australian Survey of Social Attitudes (AUSSA). This cross national collaboration is formally
referred to as the International Social Survey Program (ISSP). Other nations that have since joined include
Ireland, Austria, the Netherlands, Hungary, Israel, Norway, Italy, Russia, New Zealand, Canada, the
Philippines, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Bulgaria, Japan, Slovenia, Cyprus, Sweden, France, Poland, Spain,
Portugal, Bangladesh, Chile, Latvia, Switzerland, Denmark, Brazil, Venezuela, Finland, Mexico, South Africa,
Belgium, Taiwan, Korea, Croatia, Estonia, the Dominican Republic, Turkey, China, Ukraine, Argentina,
Uruguay, Palestine, Iceland, and India.
Under the ISSP, a supplement is designed jointly by the group each year and administered by each
participant. The first data collection for ISSP was carried out in 1985. These supplements are collected either as
a self-administered supplement to the regular annual surveys conducted by the participants as part of stand-
alone mail surveys, or a stand-alone in-person surveys. Because of the long length of the 1985 supplement, the
GSS administered it only to respondents who had received form 1 of the main questionnaire. Three form 2
cases did inadvertently complete the ISSP supplement, however, and they are included in the data. Since the
ISSP was a supplement and respondents had the option of completing it immediately after the main
questionnaire, completing it later, or not doing the supplement, there is some attrition in the level of response.
Respondents designated to receive the ISSP supplement who did not complete it are coded 2 on the variable
"ISSP." In 1985 and 1987-2000 the ISSP was collected on a self-completed questionnaire (SAQ). In 1986 the
questions on turning to people for help and advice where on a SAQ and the rest of the ISSP questions were
administered by interviewers. Since 2002 the ISSP questions have been administered by interviewers. Besides
the ISSP module that is part of each new cross-section and appear in the cumulative GSS file, since 2008 a
second ISSP module has appeared in the reinterview panels. Those data are released as part of the panel files.
Data from the other countries participating in ISSP can be obtained either by contacting the individual
data collectors or ICPSR at the University of Michigan. A merged file has been constructed for the 1982
GSS/ALLBUS collaboration and is available from ICPSR. 1 For the 1985 Role of Government, 1986 Social
Networks, 1987 Social Inequality; 1988 Family and Changing Gender Roles; 1989 Work Orientations; 1990
Role of Government II; 1991 Religion; 1992 Social Inequality II; 1993 Environment; 1994 Family and Changing
Gender Roles II; 1995 National Identity; 1996 Role of Government III; 1997 Work Orientation II; 1998 Religion
II; 1999 Social Inequality III; 2000 Environment; 2001 Social Relations; 2002 Family and Changing Gender
Roles III; 2003 National Identity II; 2004 Citizenship; 2005 Work Orientations III; 2006 Role of Government
IV; 2007 Sports & Leisure; 2008 Religion III; 2009 Social Inequality IV; and 2010 Environment III, a merged
file has been created by the ZentralArchiv fuer Empirische Sozialforschung, University of Cologne, Germany,
which is now part of the GESIS. They may be ordered from ICPSR.
In Table R.1, all of the GSS variables that have appeared on surveys in other countries are indicated.
The table indicates in what year and by what group the comparative data was collected. Standard demographics
(e.g. age, sex, party identification) that are asked by each country are not listed in this table.
Table R.2 lists the participating countries and organizations and show what modules they have done or
plan to do.
1Bruce L. Peterson, "Codebook for the combined 1982 General Social Survey and Allegemeine Bevoelkerungsum Frage der
Sozialwissenschaftern (ALLBUS)," February 1985.
Appendix R
Table R. 1
A List of GSS Variables Appearing on Surveys in Other Countries
Years
Variables 80 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92a 93 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 12
ABANY Z Z Z
ABCHOOSE I
ABDEFCTW I I
ABDEFECT Z Z Z
ABHLTH Z Z Z
ABNOMORE Z Z Z
ABPOOR Z Z Z
ABPOOR1 I
ABPOORW I I
ABRAPE Z Z Z
ABSENT I
ABSINGLE Z Z Z
ACTASSOC I
ACTLAW I
ADFORJOB I I
ADVANTGE I
AFFCTLAW I
AFTERLIF I I
AGEEMP I
AIDAVG I
AIDCOL I I I
AIDHOUSE I I I
AIDINDUS I I I
AIDKIDS I
AIDNEEDY I
AIDOLD I I I I I
AIDSMART I I
AIDUNEMP I I I I I
ALTMED I
ALTMEDPR I
ALTSAT I
AMANCSTR I
AMBETTER I I
AMBORNIN I I
AMCHRSTN I I
AMCIT I I
AMCITIZN I I
AMCULT I I
AMENGLSH I I
AMFEEL I I
AMGOVT I I
AMLIVED I
AMLNED I
AMOWNWAY I I
AMPROGRN I
AMPROUD I
AMSHAMED I I
AMSPORTS I I
AMTV I I
ANOMIA5 Z Z
ANOMIA6 Z Z
ANOMIA7 Z Z
ANOMIA9 Z Z
ANRIGHTS I I
Appendix R
Years
Variables 80 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92a 93 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 12
ANTESTS I I I
ANTIREL I
APPEMPS I I
ASKHELP I I
ATTCULT I
ATTENDMA I I
ATTENDPA I I
ATTEND12 I I
ATTRALLY I
ATTSPRT I
AVOIDBUY I
AWAYHOME I
BEFAIR I I
BELIKEUS I I
BELTUP I
BESTFRD I
BETRUSLF I
BIBLE1 I I
BIG5A1 I
BIG5B1 I
BIG5C1 I
BIG5D1 I
BIG5E1 I
BIG5A2 I
BIG5B2 I
BIG5C2 I
BIG5D2 I
BIG5E2 I
BIZPEOP I
BOOKS16 I I
BOREDOM I
BORROW1 I
BORROW1A I
BORROW2 I
BORROW2A I
BOSSEMPS I I I
BOSSWRKS I
BRIBE I
BROCALL I
BRONUM I
BROTIME I
BROVISIT I
BSTCALL I
BSTHSCOL I
BSTVISIT I
BUSDECID I I I I
BUSGRN I
BUSPOW I I I
BUSTAX I
BUYPOL I
BUYTHNGS I
CANTRUST I I
CANTRUST1 I
CARDO I
CARECOST I
CAREOTH I
Appendix R
Years
Variables 80 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92a 93 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 12
CAREPROV I
CARESIK1 I I I
CARRIGHT I
CARSFAM I I I
CARSGEN I I I I
CARSTEN I I
CHANGE1 I
CHANGE2 I
CHEMFAM I I
CHEMFREE I I I
CHEMGEN I I I I
CHLDCARE I I
CHLDIDEL Z Z
CHNGEOTH I
CHNGWORK I
CHOICES I
CHORES1 I
CHORES2 I
CHURCHPOW I
CHURHPOW I I
CITVIEWS I
CITIZEN I I
CLASS1 I
CLEAN1 I
CLERGGOV I I
CLERGVTE I I
CLSENEI I
CLSENOAM I I
CLSESTAT I I
CLSETOWN I I
CLSEUSA I I
CNTCTGOV I
COHABFST I I I
COHABIT I I
COHABOK I I I I
COLOP I
COMFORT I
COMPETE I
COMTYPE I I I
COMYEAR I
CONAGE I
CONBIZ I I
CONCHURH I I
CONCLASS I I I I
CONCONG I I
CONCOURT I I
CONGOVT I
CONHLTH I
CONJOBS I I
CONSCHLS I I I
CONSOC I I
CONUNION I I I I
CONURBAN I I
CONWLTH I I I I
COOKING1 I I
CORRUPT I I
Appendix R
Years
Variables 80 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92a 93 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 12
CORRUPT1 I
CORRUPT2 I
CORRUPTN I
COUSINS I
COWRKERS I I I
COWRKFRD I
CREATION I
CRIMHOLD I I
CRIMREAD I I
CRIMTAIL I I
CRIMTAP I I
CUTDEBT I
CUTGOVT I I I I
CUTHOURS I I I I
CUTSPDFG Z Z
CUTSPDR Z Z
DAILYWRK I
DANGER I I I
DAUCALL I
DAUNUM I
DAUTIME I
DAUVISIT I
DATABANK I I
DAYCARE1 I
DAYCARE2 I
DAYCARE3 I
DAYCARE4 I
DAYCARE5 I
DEATHPEN I
DECIDWRK I
DECKIDS I I
DECSORGS I
DEFSPDFG Z Z
DEFSPDR Z Z
DEM10FUT I
DEM10PST I
DEMANDS I
DEMRGHTS I
DEMTODAY I
DEMWORK I
DENKID I I
DENSP I I
DEVIL I
DINNER I
DIBLTY I
DISCPOL I
DIVBEST I I I
DIVHUBBY I
DIVIFKD1 I
DIVIFKID I
DIVKIDS I
DIVNOKD1 I
DIVNOKID I
DIVNOW I
DIVWIFE I
DK I
Appendix R
Years
Variables 80 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92a 93 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 12
DOCALT I
DOCRAFTS I
DOCSKLS I
DOCTLK I
DOCTRST I
DOCVST I
DOWELL I
DOWN1 I
DOWNIA I
DOWN2 I
DOWN2A I
DRINK4 I
DRIVLESS I I I I
EARNDES I I
earndesfill I
earndesfill2 I
EARNSHH I
EARNSMOR I I I
ECONGRN I I
ECONSUP I I
EDCSKILL I
EDUCBTR I
EDUCEMP I
EDUCOP Z Z Z
EGOMEANS I I
ELDCOST I
ELDERSUP I
ELDHELP I
ELECFAIR I
ELECVOTE I
EMPLOYER I
EMPSELF I I I
ENERGY I
ENJYBKS I
ENJYFRND I
ENJYPHYS I
ENJYTV I
ENPRBFAM I
ENPRBUS I
EQINCOME I I I I I
EQTREAT I
EQUALCOL I
EQUALIZE I I I I I I
EQUAL1 Z
EQUAL2 Z
EQUAL3 Z
EQUAL4 Z
EQUAL5 Z
EQUAL6 Z
EQUAL7 Z
EQUAL8 Z
ESTCNTCT I
ETHCLOSE I I
EVDIV I I
EVJOB I I
EXCLDIMM I I
Appendix R
Years
Variables 80 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92a 93 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 12
EXECRNK I
EXPERNC I
EXPLOIT I
FAIR5 I
FAMBUDGT I I I
FAMINTJB I
FAMRESP I
FAMSUFFR I I I I I I
FAMVSJOB I
FAMVSWK1 I
FAMWKBST I
FAMWKLST I
FATALISM I I
FEAR Z
FECHLD Z Z
FECOLOP I
FEELREL I I
FEFAM Z Z
FEHELP Z Z
FEHLPBUS I
FEHLPCOL I
FEINC I
FEJOBIND I I I
FEJOBOP I
FEMARRY I
FEPRESCH Z Z
FEWKNOKD I
FEWRKSUP I
FEWTRSTY I
FINDJOB I I
FINDWORK I
FIRSTJOB I I
FIRSTSLF I I
FIRSTYOU I
FIXMSTKS I
FLEXHRS I I I
FNDMEDCH I
FNDOBSTY I
FNDORGN I
FORCULT I
FORLAND I I
FORLANG I
FOURKIDS I
FRBORED I
FRDENJOY I
FRDHELPS I
FRDKNOWS I
FRDTHINK I
FREETRDE I
FRICALL I
FRINEIGH I
FRINUM I
FRISEX I
FRITIME I
FRIVISIT I
Appendix R
Years
Variables 80 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92a 93 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 12
FRIWORK I
FRNDKING I
FRRUSHED I
FRSTIND I
FRSTMAIN I
FRSTOCC I
FRSTSLF1 I
FRSTSLF1SPEC I
FRSTWHAT I
FRTHNKWK I
FRTVEGS I
FWRKSCH I
GAMES
GENEGEN I I
GEOMOBIL I
GETJOB I I
GIVBUS I I
GIVCABNT I I I I
GIVCLERK I I I
GIVDOC I I I I
GIVEXEC I I I I
GIVFARM I I
GIVFCTRY I
GIVJUDGE I
GIVLAW I
GIVMASON I I
GIVOWNER I I I
GIVROCC I
GIVSALES I
GIVSEC I I
GIVSKILL I I I
GIVUNSKL I I I I
GOD I I I I I I
GODCHNGE I I
GODMEANS I I
GODPARTS I
GODRIGHT I
GOMOVIES I
GOODLIFE I I
GOSHOP I
GOVCARE Z
GOVCHEAT I I
GOVDOOK I I
GOVEDOP I I
GOVEQINC I I I I
GOVEQINC1 I
GOVJOBS I I
GOVLESS I I I
GOVMINC I I
GOVNGOS I
GOVSPRTS I
GOVTBIZ I
GOVTPOW I I I
GOVUNEMP I I I
GRACE I
GRKIDNUM I
Appendix R
Years
Variables 80 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92a 93 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 12
GRNCON I
GRNDEMO I I I I
GRNECON I I I I
GRNEXAGG I I
GRNGROUP I I
GRNINTL I I
GRNLAWS I I
GRNMONEY I I I I
GRNPRICE I I I I
GRNPROG I I I I
GRNSIGN I I I I
GRNSOL I I I I
GRNTAXES I I I I
GRNTEST1 I I I
GRNTEST2 I I
GRNTEST3 I I I
GRNTEST4 I I I
GRNTEST5 I I
GRNTEST6 I I
GRNTEST7 I I
GRPARNUM I
GRPCHRTY I
GRPCHURH I
GRNEFFME I
GRPNEI I
GRPOTH I
GRPOTHER I
GRPPARTY I
GRPPOL I
GRPRELIG I
GRPSPORT I
GRPSPRTS I
GRPUNION I
GRPWORK I
GRWTHARM I I I I
GRWTHELP I I I I
H2OLESS I
HAPIFWRK I
HAPPY7 I I
HAPUNHAP I I I I
HAPUNUP I
HARMGOOD I I I I I
HARMSGRN I I I I
HEALTH1 I I
HEAVEN I I
HELL I I
HELPCRIM I
HELPEMP I
HELPENV I
HELPFRDS I
HELPHARM I
HELPHLTH I
HELPHWRK I
HELPJOB I
HELPOLD I
HELPORG1 I I
Appendix R
Years
Variables 80 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92a 93 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 12
HELPSEC I
HELPUSA I
HELPWRLD I
HHCLEAN1 I
HHWKDIS I
HHWKFAIR I I
HIINC I I I
HLPHITEC I I I I
HLPINFLU I
HLPOTHS I I I
HLPSOC I I I
HLTHAGE I
HLTHBEH I
HLTHBTR I
HLTHCARE I I I I
HLTHCHNG I
HLTHCONF I
HLTHCTZN I
HLTHDEP I
HLTHDMG I
HLTHENV I
HLTHGENE I
HLTHGOV I
HLTHIMP I
HLTHINF I
HLTHMORE I
HLTHNEED I
HLTHNOT I
HLTHPAIN I
HLTHPOOR I
HLTHPRB I
HLTHSAT I
HLTHTAX I
HOMEKID I I I
HOMOSEX1 I I
HOSPSAT I
HOUSEWRK I I I I
HRSMONEY I I I
HRTOP I
HRTOP37 I
HRTOPKID I
HSBASICS I
HSCARING I
HSJOBTR I
HSJUDGE I
HSLIBART I
HSORDER I
HSPOVRNT I
HSRESPCT I
HSSCI I
HSSEXED I
HUBBYWK1 I I I
HUBBYWRK I I I
HWDUTIES I I
IFWRONG I I
IHLPGRN I I I I
Appendix R
Years
Variables 80 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92a 93 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 12
ILIKEJOB I
IMMAMECO I I
IMMCOSTS I
IMMCRIME I I
IMMIDEAS I
IMMIMP I
IMMJOBS I I
IMMRGHTS I
IMPCHURH Z Z Z Z Z Z
IMPFAM Z Z Z Z Z Z
IMPFREND Z Z Z Z Z Z
IMPGRN I I
IMPKIN Z Z Z Z Z Z
IMPORTS I I
IMPPOL Z Z Z Z Z Z
IMPRELAX Z Z Z Z Z Z
IMPWORK Z Z
INCENTIV I I
INCGAP I I I I
INCTAX I
INDUSFAM I I
INDUSGEN I I I I
INDUSOTH I
INEQUAL1 I I
INEQUAL2 I I
INEQUAL3 I I I I
INEQUAL4 I I I
INEQUAL5 I I I I
INEQUAL6 I I
INEQUAL7 I I I
INFLJOBS I I I
INFOBIZ I
INFOCOL I
INFOGOVT I
INFOGRN I
INFONEWS I
INFOTV I
INLAWNUM I
INSCOVRG I
INSTYPE I
INSTYPESP I
INTERNET I
INTERPOL I
INTJOB I I I
INTLINCS I
INTLSPRT I
IWRKHARD I I
JBINTFAM I
JBTRAIN I
JOBACCMP Z Z
JOBEASY I
JOBHELP Z Z Z Z
JOBHONOR Z Z
JOBHOUR Z
JOBINC Z
JOBINDEP Z Z
Appendix R
Years
Variables 80 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92a 93 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 12
JOBINTER Z Z
JOBKEEP Z Z
JOBMEANS Z
JOBOFF Z Z
JOBPAY Z Z
JOBPEOP Z Z
JOBPROMO Z
JOBRESP Z Z
JOBRISE Z Z
JOBSAFE Z
JOBSALL I I I I I I I
JOBSAT I I I
JOBSEC Z
JOBSKILL I
JOBSOC Z
JOBTRAIN I
JOINDEM I
JOBVSFA1 I
JOBVSFAM I
JUDGELOV I
JUSTPAY I
JUSTPAY1 I
justpay1fill I
justpay1fill2 I
KIDBEAT I
KIDCALL I
KIDDRUGS I
KIDEDPAR I
KIDEMPTY I I I
KIDFIN I
KIDFINBU I
KIDHLTH I
KIDJOB I
KIDJOY I I I I
KIDLESS I
KIDMOST I
KIDNEEDY I
KIDNOFRE I I I
KIDNUM I
KIDOUT I
KIDPARS I
KIDSAWAY I
KIDSHERE I
KIDSKIPS I
KIDSOCST I
KIDSUFFR I I I I
KIDTRBLE I
KIDVISIT I
KIDXFILM I
KNOWPOLS I
KNOWSOL I
KNWCAUSE I
LABORPOW I I I
LACKFACS I
LACKMONY I
LACKTIME I
Appendix R
Years
Variables 80 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92a 93 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 12
LASTJOB I I
LASTSLF I I
LAUNDRY1 I I I
LDCGAP I
LDCGRN I I
LDCTAX I
LEARNJOB I
LEARNSKL I
LEAVEJOB I I
LEISURE I
LENTTO I
LESSPRD I
LESSREG I I I I
LETIN1 I I
LIVECOM I
LIVECOM1 I
LIVEHOME I
LIVNOWED I
LOCALGVT I
LOCALNUM I
LOOKGOOD I
LOOKJOB I I
LSTMUSIC I
MACALL I
MACALL1 I
MADENKID I I
MAKEFRND I
MAKEJOBS I I I I
MALIVE I I
MANHOLD I
MANREAD I
MANTAIL I
MANTAP I
MAPA I
MAPAID I I
MARDIV I
MARELKID I I
MARFIN I I
MARFREE I
MARHAPPY I I I I
MARHOMO I
MARKIDS I I
MARLEGIT I I I I
MARMAKID I
MARNOMAR I I I
MARPAKID I
MASLF1 I
MASLF1OS I
MATIME I
MATIME1 I
MAVISIT I I
MAVISIT1 I
MAWORK14 I I I I
MAWORK16 I
MAWRKWRM I I I I
MEDBEST I
Appendix R
Years
Variables 80 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92a 93 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 12
MEDCOMMT I
MEDDRCH I
MEDPAY I
MEDUNAV I
MEDWTLST I
MEETPEO I
MEHHWORK I
MEKDCARE I
MELTPOT1 I I
MEMARRY I
MEOVRWRK I
MILSERVE I
MINCULT I I
MIRACLES I I
MOONLITE I
MOVENEI I
MOVENOAM I
MOVESTAT I
MOVETOWN I
MOVEUSA I
MRMOM I
MUSTRET I
MYWAYGOD I
NAFTA1 I I
NAFTA2 I I
NAFTA3 I
NATURGOD I I I
NATURPAX I I
NATURWAR I I
NEARGOD I
NEIFRD I
NEWJOB I
NIECENEP I
NIHILISM I I
NIRVANA I
NOBUYGRN I
NOKIDS I
NOMEAT I I
NOSMOKE I
NOUNEMP1 I
NOUNEMP2 I
NOUNEMP3 I
NOUNEMP4 I
NUKEACC I
NUKEFAM I I
NUKEGEN I I I
NUMCNTCT I
NUMEMPLY I
NUMKIDS I I
NUMSITES I
OBEYLAW I I I I
OBEYLAWS I
OBEYTHNK I I
OCCMOBIL I I I I
occmobilfill I
OFFWORK I
Appendix R
Years
Variables 80 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92a 93 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 12
ONEKID I
ONENATN I
OPABLE I I
OPAMBIT I I
OPBRIBES I
OPCLOUT I I I
OPEDUC I I I
OPFAMILY I
OPHRDWRK I I I
OPKNOW I I I I
OPPARED I I I
OPPOL I I
OPPROF I
OPPSEGOV I
OPRACE I I I
OPREGION I I
OPRELIG I I I
OPRICH I
OPSEX I I I
OPWLTH I I I I
OTHERWRK I
OTHFRD I
OTHHRS I
OTHREASN I
OTHSSAME I I
OTHWLTH I
OWNAUTOS I I
OWNBANKS I I
OWNFATE I I
OWNMASS I I
OWNPOWER I I
OWNSTEEL I I
PACALL I
PACALL1 I
PADENKID I I
PAIDLV I
PAIDLV1 I
PAIDLVDV I
PAIDLVPY I
PAJOB I I
PALIVE I
PARCIT I I
PARELKID I I
PARSLAW I
PARTCOM I
PARTCULT I
PARTPOL I
PARTREL I
PARTSPRT I
PASLF I I
PASLF1 I
PASLF1SPEC I
PASUP I
PATIME I
PAVISIT I
PAVISIT1 I
Appendix R
Years
Variables 80 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92a 93 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 12
PAXHAPPY I
PAYBUS I I
PAYCABNT I I I I
PAYCHILD I I
PAYCLERK I I I
PAYDOC I I I I
PAYDOJOB I
PAYDOWEL I I
PAYEDTRN I
PAYEDUC I I
PAYEXEC I I I I
PAYFAM I
PAYFAM1 I I
PAYFARM I I
PAYHARD I I
PAYJUDGE I
PAYLAW I
PAYMASON I I
PAYOWNER I I I
PAYRESP I I
PAYROCC I
PAYSALES I
PAYSAME I
PAYSEC I I
PAYSKILL I I I
PAYSUP I
PAYTAXES I
PAYTIME I
PAYUNSKL I I I I
PEOALONE I
PEOPGOVT I
PEOPGRN I
PERRIGHT I
PERSCRFC I
PHYSACT I
PHYSACTS I
PHYSMNTL I
PHYSWRK I I I
PLANWRK I
PLAYGAME I
POLACTVE I
POLEFF1 I
POLEFF11 I I I
POLEFF12 I
POLEFF13 I I
POLEFF14 I
POLEFF15 I I
POLEFF16 I I
POLEFF17 I I
POLEFF18 I
POLEFF19 I
POLEFF20 I
POLEFF2 I
POLEFF3 I I I
POLEFF4 I
POLEFF5 I
Appendix R
Years
Variables 80 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92a 93 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 12
POLEFF6 I
POLEFF7 I
POLEFF8 I
POLEFF9 I
POLEFF10 I
POLFUNDS I
POLGREED I I
POLINT I I I I
POLINT1 I
POLOPTS I
POLSFAIR I
POLSGOD I
POLVIEWX EURO
POPGRWTH I I
POSSLQ I I I I
POSTMAT1 I I I I
POSTMAT2 I I I I
POWRORGS I
PRAYFREQ I I
PRDSPRTS I
PREDETER I
PREMARS1 I I I
PRIAGNCY I I
PRICECON I I I I
PRIDEORG I I
PRIVENT I I I I
PRIVGOVT I I I
PROGTAX I I
PROMOTN I
PROTEST1 I I I I
PROTEST2 I I
PROTEST3 I I I I
PROTEST4 I I
PROTEST5 I I
PROTEST6 I I I I
PROTSTRS I
PROUDART I I
PROUDDEM I I
PROUDECO I I
PROUDGRP I I
PROUDHIS I I
PROUDMIL I I
PROUDPOL I I
PROUDSCI I I
PROUDSPT I I
PROUDSSS I I
PROUDWRK I
PUBAGNCY I I
PUBDECID I I I I
PUBDEF I
PUBECON I
RACISTS I
RACMEET I
RACPUB I I
RACSPEAK I I
RACSPRTS I
Appendix R
Years
Variables 80 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92a 93 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 12
RACTCH15 I I
RAGEEMP I
RANK Z Z Z I Z I I I
RANK10 I
RANK16 I
RDK I
RDOWELL I
READBOOK I
REALWLTH I
REBORN I
RECYCLE I I I I
REDCEHME I
REDUCEMP I
REFRNDMS I
REFUGEES I
REINCAR I
RELACTIV I I
RELATPEO I
RELAX I
RELCALL I
RELCAND I
RELEXPER I I
RELEXT1 I
RELEXT2 I
RELGRPEQ I
RELIGCON I
RELIGINF I
RELIGINT I
RELIGKID I I
RELIGPUB I
RELIGSP I I
RELOBJCT I
RELMARRY I
RELMEET I
RELMOST I
RELNUM I
RELSPRT I
RELTIME I
RELTRUTH I
RELVISIT I
REPAIRS1 I I I
REPLACEU I
RES161 I
RESNATUR I I
REVMEET I
REVOLTRS I
REVPUB I I I I
REVSPEAK I I I I
REVTCH15 I I
REWRDEFF I
REWRDINT I
REXPERNC I
RFAMLOOK I
RFAMRESP I
RFLEXHRS I
RGHTSMIN I
Appendix R
Years
Variables 80 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92a 93 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 12
RHEIGHT I
RHHWORK I I
RHIINC I I I
RHLPOTHS I I I
RHLPSOC I I I
RICHCOL I
RICHEDUC I I
RICHHLTH I I
RIGHTPEO I
RIMPSKLS I
RINTJOB I I I
RLEISURE I
RPAYSAME I
RPROMOTN I I I
RPROTST1 I
RPROTST15 I
RPROTST3 I
RPROTST35 I
RSECJOB I I I
RSPCTREL I
RUNBANKS I
RUNHOSP I
RUNPOWER I
RWEIGHT I
RWRKBABY I I I
RWRKGRWN I I I
RWRKINDP I I I
RWRKNOKD I I I
RWRKSCH I I
SATFAM7 I I
SATJOB7 I
SAVEJOBS I I I I
SCHLPRAY I
SCIFAITH I I I I
SCIGRN I I I I
SCITEST1 I I
SCITEST2 I I I
SCITEST3 I I
SCITEST4 I I I
SCITEST5 I I I
SCITESTY I
SCIWORSE I I
SECJOB I I I
SEEFRNDS I
SEERELS I
SELFEMP1 I
SELFEMP2 I
SERVEJOB I
SETHOURS I
SETPRICE I I I
SETWAGE I I I
SEXEMP I
SEXHAR I
SHOP1 I I I
SIBCALL I
SIBINLAW I
Appendix R
Years
Variables 80 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92a 93 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 12
SIBMOST I
SIBNUM I
SIBVISIT I
SICK1 I
SICK1A I
SICK2 I
SICK2A I
SIGNPET I
SINGLPAR I I I
SISCALL I
SISNUM I
SISTIME I
SISVISIT I
SMALLBIG I I I
SMOKEDAY I
SOCID1 I
SOCID2 I
SOCID3 I
SOCRIGHT I
SOCTYPE1 I I
SOCTYPE2 I I
SOLOK I
SONCALL I
SONNUM I
SONTIME I
SONVISIT I
SPARMS I I I I
SPARTS I I I I
SPBORN I
SPENVIRO I I I I
SPEVDIV I I
SPFALOOK I
SPHHWORK I I
SPHLTH I I I I
SPIRITS I
SPKHOME1 I I
SPKHOME2 I I
SPKLANG1 I
SPKLANG2 I
SPKLANG3 I
SPLIVE I
SPORT I
SPORTSTV I
SPPOLICE I I I I
SPRETIRE I I I I
SPRTSDEV I
SPSCHOOL I I I I
SPUNEMP Z I I I
SPWKBABY I I
SPWKGRWN I I
SPWKNOKD I I
SPWRKSCH I I
SSFCHILD I
SSMCHILD I
STAYORG3 I I
STIFFPUN I
Appendix R
Years
Variables 80 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92a 93 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 12
STRESS I I I
STOPRNDM I
STRSSHME I
STRSSWRK I
STRNGUN I
SUPERVIS I
SUPNUM I
TALKEDTO I
TAPPHONE I
TAXCHEAT I I
TAXMID I I I I
TAXPOOR I I I I
TAXRICH I I I I I
TAXSHARE I I I I
TAXSPEND I
TECHJOBS I
TECHWORK I
TEENSEX1 I
TEMPFAM I I
TEMPGEN I I I
TEMPGEN1 I
THEISM I I
THREKIDS I
TIMEB I
TIMEC I
TIMECOMP I
TIMEFAM I I I
TIMEFRND I I I
TIMEHHWK I I I
TIMEHOME I
TIMELEIS I I I
TIMEOFF I
TIMEPDWR I
TIMEPDWK I I
TIMERELX I
TIMEWORK I
TIREDHM1 I
TIREDHME I
TIREDWK1 I
TIREDWRK I
TOODIFME I I I I
TOPPROB1 I
TOPPROB2 I
TOTALNUM I
TRUST5 I
TRUSTPEO I
TRUSTSCI I
TVDVDVCR I
TVSPORT1 I
TVSPORT2 I
TWOINCS I I
TWOINCS1 I I
TWOKIDS I
UNAUNUM I
UNBETTER I
UNBORED I
Appendix R
Years
Variables 80 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92a 93 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 12
UNCAUNTS I
UNDK I
UNFAMTEN I
UNHLTHY I
UNION I
UNIONSOK I
UNJOBEXP I
UNJOBSEC I
UNMONEY I
UNPEOPLE I
UNPOWER I
UNPLEZNT I
UNRESPCT I
UNRGHTS I
UNSKLRNK I
UNSLFCON I
UPSET1 I
UPSET2 I
USCLASS1 Z
USCLASS2 Z
USCLASS3 Z
USCLASS4 Z
USCLASS5 Z
USCLASS6 Z
USCLASS7 Z
USCLASS8 Z
USDOENUF I
USEFRDS I
USEMEDIA I
USESKILL I I
VERDICT I I I I
VISTHOLY I
VOLWKCHR I
VOLWKOTH I
VOLWKPOL I
VOLWKREL I
VOTEELEC I
WANTADS I I
WANTBEST I
WANTJOB I I I
WANTJOB1 I
WANTJOB2 I I
WATCHGOV I
WATERFAM I I
WATERGEN I I I I
WEEKEND I
WHEREWRK I
WHYJBEND I I
WKKIDSCL I
WKKIDSCS I
WKTENURE I
WORKNOW I
WORKWEEK I
WORRYJOB I I
WOTRIAL I
WRKBABY I I I I
Appendix R
Years
Variables 80 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92a 93 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 12
WRKEARN I I I
WRKENJOY I I I
WRKGOVT I
WRKGROWN I I I
WRKIMP I I
WRKINDP I I I
WRKNOKID I I I
WRKSCH I I I I
WRLDGOVT I I
XHAUSTN I I I
XMARSEX1 I I I
YOUINFLU I
YRJOBEND I I
YRSFIRM I
EURO = Eurobarometers of the European Economic Community (Common Market)

I = International Social Survey Program
Z = ALLBUS of Zentrum fuer Umfragen Methoden und Analysen
a
The 1992 data are not part of the 1973-2008 cumulative data set. The 1991 GSS
respondents were reinterviewed in 1992. In all, 1,273 reinterviews were obtained.
The 1992 reinterview consisted of the I module on social inequality, other
questions on inequality and stratification from the 1991 GSS, and key demographics
likely to have changed over the last year. The 1992 reinterview data are available
in two forms. First, the 1992 I items on inequality are part of the I
cross-national file prepared by the Central Archieve, University of Cologne and is
available from the Interuniversity Consortium from Political and Social Research
(ICPSR). Second, all 1992 variables are part of a reinterview file that is linked
to the 1991 GSS data. This reinterview file is available from the Roper Center, or
from ICPSR (See Appendix S).
We included health, leisure, and sports ISSP modules asked in panel data.
Appendix R
Table R.2 ISSP Modules
Role Social Social Family/ Work Role Religion Social Envir. Family/
of Network Inequa. Gender of Equal. Gender
ISSP Members Countries Govt Govt II II II
Argentina -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
RSSS Australia D86 D87 D88 D90 -- D90 D93 D93 D93 D94
IS Austria D86 D86 D88 D88 D89 -- D93 D93 D95 D95
BUP Bangladesh -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
IUPERJ Brazil -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
ASA Bulgaria -- -- -- -- -- -- -- D93 D94 D95
S1 Canada -- -- -- -- -- -- -- D92 D93 D94
CES Chile -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Croatia -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
CAR Cyprus -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
ISCAS Czech Republica -- -- -- -- -- -- -- D92 D93 D94
DEPPA Denmark -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Dominican Republic -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
FSD Finland -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
CDA Flanders -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
France-ISSP France -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
GESIS Germanyb D85 D86 D87 D88 D89 D90 D91 D92 D93 D94
NCSR Great Britainb D85 D86 D87 D88 D89 D90 D91 D92 D93 D94
Tarki Hungary -- D86 D87 D88 D89 D90 D91 D92 D93 D94
SSRC Ireland -- D89 D89 D89 D89 D91 D91 -- D93 D94
TAU Israel -- -- -- -- D89 D91 D91 -- D93 D94
Eurisko/CENSIS Italy D85 D87 D87 D88 D89 D91 D91 D92 D93 D94
BCRI Japan -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- D93 D94
LAS/LSRC Latvia -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
CEO Mexico -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
SCP The Netherlands -- -- D87 D89 D89 -- D91 -- D93 D94
MU New Zealand -- -- -- -- -- -- D91 D92 D93 D94
Northern Ireland -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
NSD Norway -- -- -- -- D89 D90 D91 D92 D93 D94
SWS The Philippines -- -- -- -- -- -- D91 D92 D93 D94
ISS Poland -- -- -- -- -- -- D91 D92 D93 D94
ICS Portugal -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
VCIOM Russia -- -- -- -- -- -- D91 D92 D93 D94
IS-SAS Slovakia -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
POMCRC Sloveniad -- -- -- -- -- -- D91 D92 D93 D93
HSRC South Africa -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- –- --
South Korea -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
CIS/ASEP Spain -- -- -- -- -- -- -- D93 D94 D94
UU Sweden -- -- -- -- -- -- -- D91 -- D94
SIDOS Switzerlande -- -- D87 -- -- -- -- -- D93 --
AS Taiwan -- -- -- -- -- -- -- – –- --
NORC United States D85 D86 D87 D88 D89 D90 D91 D92 D93 D94
DE/SI Uruguay -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
LACSO Venezuela -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Others:
IFS Poland -- -- D87 -- -- -- -- -- -- --
BS Lithuania -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- D94
D=Done P=Planned
Appendix R
Table R.2 (continued)

Nation. Role of Work Relig. Social Enviro. Social Family/ Nation. Citizen
ISSP Members Countries Identity Govt II II Equal. II Support Gender Identity ship
III III III II
Argentina -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
RSSS Australia D96 D98 -- D98 D00 -- D01 D02 D03 D05
IS Austria D95 -- -- D99 D00 D01 D01 D02 D04 D04
BUP Bangladesh -- -- D97 -- -- -- -- -- -- --
IUPERJ Brazil -- -- -- -- -- P00 D01 D03 -- D06
ASA Bulgaria D95 D97 D97 D99 D99 D00 D01 D02 D03 D05
SC Canada D95 D96 D99 D99 D00 D00 D02 -- D04 D04
CEP Chile -- -- -- D98 D00 D00 D01 D03 D03 D05
Croatia -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
CAR Cyprus -- D96 D97 D98 D99 -- D01 D02 -- D04
ISCAS Czech Republica D95 D96 D97 D99 D99 D00 D01 D02 D03 D04
DEPPA Denmark -- -- D97 D98 -- D01 -- D03 D04 D05
Dominican Republic -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
FSD Finland -- -- -- -- -- D01 D01 D02 D03 D04
CDA Flanders -- -- -- -- -- -- -- D02 -- D04
France-ISSP France -- D97 D98 D98 D99 -- -- D02 D03 D05
GESIS Germany D95 D96 D97 D98 D00 D00 D02 D02 D03 D03
SCPR Great Britainb D95 D96 D97 D98 D99 D00 D01 D02 D03 D04
Tarki Hungary D95 D96 D97 D98 D99 -- D01 D02 D03 D04
SSRC Irelandc D95 D96 -- D98 -- D02 -- D02 D03 D03
TAU Israel -- D96 D97 D98 D99 D00 D01 D02 D04 D05
d
Eurisko/CENSIS Italy D95 D96 D97 D99 -- -- D02 -- -- D04
BCRI Japan D95 D96 D97 D98 D99 D00 D01 D02 D03 D04
LAS/LSRC Latvia D95 D96 D97 D98 D99 D00 D01 D03 D03 D04
CEO Mexico -- -- -- -- -- D01 -- D03 -- D06
SCP The Netherlands D96 -- D98 D98 -- D00 -- D03 D05 D05
MU New Zealand D96 D97 D97 D98 D99 D00 D01 D02 D03 D04
Northern Ireland -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
NSD Norway D95 D96 D97 D98 D99 D00 D01 D02 D03 D04
SWS The Philippines D95 D96 D97 D98 D99 D00 D01 D02 D03 D04
ISS Poland D95 D97 D97 D99 D99 -- D01 D02 D05 D05
ICS Portugal -- -- D97 D99 D99 D00 -- D03 D04 D04
VCIOM Russia D96 D97 D98 D98 D99 D00 D01 D02 D03 D05
IS-SAS Slovakia D96 -- -- D98 D01 -- -- D02 D04 D05
POMCRC Sloveniae D95 D95 D97 D98 D98 D00 D00 D03 D03 D03
HSRC South Africa -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- D03 D04
South Korea -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
CIS/ASEP Spain D95 D96 D97 D98 D99 D00 D01 D03 D03 D04
UU Sweden D95 D96 D97 D98 D99 D01 -- D02 D03 D04
SIDOS Switzerlandf -- D98 D98 D99 D99 D02 D01 D03 D03 D04
AS Taiwan -- -- -- -- -- -- -- D02 D03 D04
NORC United States D96 D96 D98 D98 D00 D00 D02 D02 D04 D04
DE/SI Uruguay -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- D04 D04
LACSO Venezuela -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- D04 D04
Appendix R

Work Role of Sports/ Religion Social Enviro.
ISSP Members Countries Orient. Govt Leisure Equal. III
III IV III IV
CEOP Argentina -- -- D08 D09 D10
RSSS Australia D05 D06 D07 D0910 D09 P10
IS Austria -- D06 D08 D08 D09 D10
BUP Bangladesh -- -- -- -- P09 P10
Belgium -- -- -- -- -- D10
IUPERJ Brazil -- -- -- -- P09 P10
ASA Bulgaria D05 -- D09 -- D09 D10
SC Canada D06 D06 -- D0910 P09 D10
CEP Chile -- D06 D07 D08 D09 D10
China -- -- -- -- D09
ISR Croatia -- D06 D06 D09 D09 D10
CAR Cyprus D05 -- D07 -- D09 P10
ISCAS Czech Republica D05 D06 D07 D08 D09 D10
DEPPA Denmark D06 D08 -- D09 D09 D10
FUNGLODE Dominican Republic D05 D06 D07 D08 P09 P10
Estonia -- -- -- -- D09
FSD Finland D05 -- D07 D0809 D09 D10
CDA Flanders D06 -- D07 D08 D09 P10
France-ISSP France D05 D06 D07 D09 D09 D10
GESIS Germany D05 D06 D07 D08 D09 D10
SCPR Great Britainb D05 D06 D07 D08 D09 D10
Tarki Hungary D05 D06 D07 D08 D09 P10
Iceland -- -- -- -- D09
SSRC Irelandc D06 D06 D08 D08 P09 P10
TAU Israel D05 D05 D07 D0910 D09 D10
d
Eurisko/CENSIS Italy -- -- -- D0810 P09 P10
BCRI Japan D05 D06 D07 D07 D09 D10
LAS/LSRC Latvia D05 D07 D07 D09 D09 D10
Lithuania -- -- -- -- -- D10
CEO Mexico D06 -- D08 D09 P09 D10
SCP The Netherlands D05 D06 D08 D08 P09 P10
MU New Zealand D05 D06 D07 D08 D09 D10
Northern Ireland -- D0708 -- D0809 P09 P10
NSD Norway D05 D06 D07 D08 D09 D10
SWS The Philippines D05 D06 D08 D0708 D09 D10
ISS Poland -- D06 D08 D10 D09 P10
ICS Portugal D07 D06 -- D09 D09 P10
VCIOM Russia D06 D06 D07 D09 D09 D10
IS-SAS Slovakia -- -- D08 D08 D09 D10
POMCRC Sloveniae D05 D06 D06 D09 D09 D10
HSRC South Africa D05 D06 D07 D08 D09 D10
SSRC South Korea D05 D06 D07 D08 D09 D10
CIS/ASEP Spain D05 D07 D07 D08 D09 D10
UU Sweden D05 D06 D07 D08 D09 D10
SIDOS Switzerlandf D05 D07 D07 D09 D09 D10
AS Taiwan D05 D06 D07 D09 D09 D10
IPC Turkey -- -- -- D0809 D09 D10
KIIS Ukraine -- -- -- D08 D09 P10
NORC United States D06 D06 D08 D08 D10 D10
DE/SI Uruguay -- D06 D08 D08 P09 P10
LACSO Venezuela -- D06 -- D08 P09 P10
Appendix R
Table R.2 (continued) - Notes
a
Includes Slovakia in 1992.
b
Includes East Germany starting in 1990.
c
Includes Northern Ireland 1989-1991, 1993, and 1994.
d
CENSIS replaced Eurisko in 2001.
e
Partial version of 1986 Social Support module.
f
The modules on Social Equality (1987) and Environment (1993) were fielded by the Soziologisches Institut, University of Zurich.
D=Done P=Planned
Abbreviations
AS=Academica Sinica (Taipei)
ASA=Agency for Social Analyses (Sofia)
BCRI=Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, NHK (Tokyo)
BS=Baltic Surveys, Lithuania
BUP=Bangladesh Unnayan Parishad (Dhaka)
CAR=Center for Applied Research, Cyprus College (Nicosia)
CDA=Centrum voor Dataverzameling en -Analyse, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (Leuven)
CENSIS=Centro Studi Investimenti Sociali (Rome)
CEO=Centro de Estudios Opinion, Uiversity of Guadalajara (Guadalajara)
CES=Centro de Estudios Publicos (Santiago)
CIS/ASEP=Centro de Investigaciones Sociologicas and Analisis Sociologicos,
Economicos y Politicos (Madrid)
DEPPA=Department of Economics, Politics, and Public Administration, Aalborg University
(Aalborg)
DE/SI=Dept. of Economic/Statistical Institute, University of the Republic (Montevideo)
Eurisko, in collaboration with the University of Milan (Milan)
FRANCE-ISSP=consortium of Centre de Recherche en Economie et Statistique,
Centre d' Informatisation des Donnees Socio-Politiques, Observatoire
Francais des Conjonctures Economiques, and Laboratoire d' Analyse Secondaire et de
Methodes Appliquees en Sociologie (Paris)
FSD=Finnish Social Science Data Archive, University of Tampere (Tampere)
FUNGLODE = Fundacion Global Democracia y Desarrollo (Santo Domingo)
HSRC=Human Sciences Research Council (Pretoria)
ICS=Instituto de Ciencias Sociais, University of Lisbon (Lisbon)
IFS=Instytut Fiozofuu i Socjologii, University of Warsaw (Warsaw)
IS=Instituet fuer Soziologie, University of Graz (Graz)
ISCAS=Institute of Sociology, Czech Academy of Sciences (Prague)
ISS=Institute of Social Studies, University of Warsaw (Warsaw)
IS-SAS=Institute of Sociology, Slovak Academy of Sciences (Bratislava)
IUPERJ=Instituto Universitario de Pesquisas do Rio de Janerio (Rio de Janerio)
LACSO=Laboratorio de Ciencias Sociales (Caracas)
LAS/LSRC=Latvian Academy of Science and Latvia Social Research Centre (Riga)
MU=Massey University (Palmerston)
NCSR=National Center for Social Research; former Social and Community Planning Research (London)
NORC=National Opinion Research Center, University of Chicago (Chicago)
NSD=Norsk Samfunnsvitemskapelig Datajeneste, University of Bergen (Bergen)
POMCRC=Public Opinion and Mass Communication Research Center, University of Ljubljana
(Ljubljana)
RSSS=Research School of the Social Sciences, Australian National University (Canberra)
SC=Survey Center, Carleton University (Ottawa)
SCP=Sociaal en Cultureel Planbureau (Rijkswijk)
Appendix R
SCPR=Social and Community Planning Research (London)

SIDOS=Swiss Information and Data Archive Service for the Social Sciences (Neuchatel)
SSRC=Social Science Research Center, University College (Dublin)
SWS=Social Weather Station, Philippine Social Science Center (Quezon City)
Tarki=Tarsadalomkutatasi Informatika Tarsula (Budapest)
TAU=Tel Aviv University (Tel Aviv)
UU=University of Umea (Umea)
VCIOM=Soviet Center for Public Opinion and Market Research (Moscow)
GESIS=Gesellschaft Sozialwissenschaftlicher Infrastruktureinrichtungen
(formally, Zentrum fuer Umfragen Methoden und Analysen (Mannheim))
Appendix R
Table R. 3
Topical Modules
Year Theme Development Committee
1977 Extending scales on Race, Abortion, and Feminism Arthur Stinchcombea

1982 Attitudes on the Military and Military Recruitment James Davisb
1984 Attitudes on the Military and Military Recruitment James Davis
1985 Social Networks Ronald Burt
1986 Factorial Vignettes on Welfare
Peter Rossi, Richard Berk, Gregory Duncan, Karen Mason
1987 Socio-Political Participation (Partial replication of 1967
David Knoke, Thomas Guterbock, Lawrence Boboc
Verba-Nie Study of Political Participation)
1988 Religion Duane Alwin, Andrew Greeley, Wade Clark Roof
1989 Occupational Prestige (Partial Replication of 1963-1965
Robert Hodge, Judith Treas, Nakao Keikoe
NORC Prestige Study)d
1990 Intergroup Relations Lawrence Bobo, Mary Jackman, James Kluegel, John
Shelton Reed, Howard Schuman, A. Wade Smith
1991 Work Organizations James Kluegel, Arne Kalleberg, David Knoke, Peter
Marsden, Joe Spaethf
1993 Culture Judith Blau, Paul DiMaggio, Pete Peterson, Peter Marsden,
and Ann Swidler
1994 Family Mobility Robert Houser and Robert Mareg
1994 Multiculturalism David Sears and Jack Citrin
1996 Emotions Lynn-Smith Lovin, Theodore Kemper, Catherine Ross,
John Mirowsky,
Robert Sutton, Wendy Rahn, and Gerald Clore
1996 Mental Health Bruce Link, Bernice Pescosolido, Carol Boyer, William
Gronfein, Pamela Braboy Jackson, John
Monahan, Jo Phelan, Brian Powell, Ann Stueve, and Ralph
Swindleh
1996 Market Exchange/Giving & Volunteering Paul DiMaggio, Glenn Firebaugh, Mark Granovetter,
Daniel Kahneman, Viviana Zelizer, and Tom W. Smithi
1996 Gender Karen Campbell, Peter Marsden, Kathleen Gerson, Mary
Jackman, Michael Kimmel, Barbara Reskin, and Lynn
Smith-Lovin
1998/2000 Medical Care Bernice Pescosolido, Carol Boyer, Thomas Croghan,
Catherine Melfi, Michael Morgan, Fred Hafferty, John
Kasten, Keri Lubell, Peter Marsden, David Mechanic,
Mark Schlesinger,
1998 Medical Ethics Bernice Pescosolido, David Phillips, Carol Boyer, Roger
Dworkin, Meg Gaffney, Greg Gramalspacher, Peter
Marsden, David Smith, Frank Vilardo
1998 Religion Michael Hout, Mark Chaves, Tom W. Smith, Christopher
Ellison, Robert Wuthnow, Michele Dillon, Christian Smith,
Larry Iannaccone, Dan Olson
1998 Religion and Health David Williams, Christopher Ellison, Linda George, Ellen
Idler, Neal Krause, Jeff Levin, Kenneth Pargament, Lynda
Powell
1998 Religion and Health David Williams, Christopher Ellison, Linda George, Ellen
Idler, Neal Krause, Jeff Levin, Kenneth Pargament, Lynda
Powell
1998 Culture Peter Marsden, Robert Wuthnow
Appendix R
1998 Job Experiences Tony Tam, Peter Marsden, Stanley Presser, Arne
Kalleberg, Tom W. Smith
1998 Inter-racial Friendships Tom W. Smith, Ken Rasinski
2000 Multi-Ethnic United States Richard Alba, Larry Bobo, Jennifer Hochschild, Mary
Jackman, Barbara Reskin, Rueben Rumbaut, Tom W.
Smith
2000 Information Society John Robinson, Paul DiMaggio, Peter Marsden
2000 Freedom Orlando Patterson, Peter Marsden
2000 Religion Andrew M. Greeley, Michael Emerson, David Sikkink,
Rodney Stark, Dean R. Hoge
2000 Health Status Bernice Pescosolido, Margarita Alegria, Paul Cleary, Tom
Croghan, Richard DeLiberty, Ann Hohman, Tom McGuire,
Ken Wells, J. Scott Long
2002 Adult Transitions Rubén Rambaut, Frank Furstenberg, Connie Flanagan
2002 Employee Compensation Joseph Blasi
2002 Mental Health Bernice Pescosolido
2002 Prejudice Bernadette Park
2002 Doctors and Patients Wendy Levinson
2002 Quality of Working Life NIOSH
2002 Information Society John Robinson, Paul DiMaggio
2002 Altruism Tom W. Smith, Kennith A. Rasinski
2002 Arts and Culture Peter V. Marsden
2004 Information Society John Robinson, Paul DiMaggio
2004 Guns Daniel Kahan, Donald Braman
2004 Daily Spiritual Experiences Fetzer Institute
2004 Women and Alcohol Use Experiment Dean Gerstein
2004 Science Lyda Carolson, Robert Bell
2004 Violence in the Workplace Paula Grubb, Naomi Swanson
2004 Genetics Eleanor Singer
2004 Three-Card Experiment Joseph M. Costanzo, Judith Droitcour
2004 Attitudes toward Catholics Andrew Greeley
2004 Altruistic Love Tom W. Smith
2004 Spiritual Transformations Tom W. Smith
2004 Negative Life Events Tom W. Smith
2004 Voluntary Associations/Social Networks Lynn Smith-Lovin, Miller McPherson, Tom W. Smith
2004 National Pride Tom W. Smith
2006 Quality of Working Life Lawrence Murphy
2006 Science Knowledge and Attitudes Robert Bell
2006 Disability Doug Kruse, James Schmeling
2006 Shared Capitalism Joseph Blasi, Doug Kruse
2006 Congregations Mark Chaves
2006 Mental Health Stigma Around the World Bernice Pescosolido, Jack Martin, Scott Long,
2006 Mental Health Replication Bernice Pescosolido, Jack Martin, Bruce Link
2006 Language Use/Internet John Robinson
2006 Regulation of Firearms Tom W. Smith
2006 People Known Tom DiPrete
2006 Trends/Replication GSS PIs/Board
2006 Religion Tom W. Smith
2008 Self-Employment Tom W. Smith
2008 Jewish Identity Len Saxe
2008 Science Attitudes and Knowledge Robert Bell
2008 Terrorism Preparedness Tom W. Smith, Linda Bourque, Dennis Mileti
2008 Global Economics Julia Lane, Claire Brown, Timothy Sturgeon
2008 Sexual Orientation Lee Badgett, Gary Gates
2008 Clergy Sexual Contact Mark Chaves, Diana Garland
2008 Cell Phones Martin Barron, John Sokolowski
Appendix R
2008 Firearms Tom W. Smith
2010 Aging Deborah Carr, Suzanne Bianchi, Kenneth Ferraro, Ellen
Idler, Merril Silverstein, Angela O’Rand, Judith Seltzer,
Linda Waite, David Weir
2010 Gender David A. Cotter, Joan M. Hermsen, Jeffrey W. Lucas,
Melissa A. Milkie, Reeve Vanneman
2010 Intergroup Relations Camille Charles, Paul Croll, Tyrone Forman, Matt Hunt,
Maria Krysan, Amanda Lewis, Monica McDermott,
Marylee Taylor, David Wilson
2010 Genetics Jennifer Hochschild, Gail Henderson, Eleanor Singer
2010 Immigration Neeraj Kaushal, Francisco L. Rivera-Batiz
2010 Meeting Spouse Robert D. Mare, Christine Schwartz
2010 Networks and Group Memberships Lynn Smith-Lovin, Miller McPherson, Pamela Paxton,
Claude Fischer
2010 Quality of Working Life NIOSH
2010 Veterans Andrew S. London, Janet M. Wilmoth
2010 Crime and Punishment Jeff Manza, Robert Sampson, Bruce Western, James
Wright
2010 Politics and Government Claudine Gay, Robert Shapiro, James Stimson, Jennifer
Hochschild, Mark Ramirez, Ismail White, Ted Brader,
Kathleen Tobin-Flusser, Josh Klein, David Rohall, Arthur
Stinchcombe
Footnotes
a This data collection was supported by a grant to Stinchcombe from the National Science Foundation (NSF).
b The 1982 and 1984 data collections were supported by a grant to Davis from the Ford Foundation.
c The 1987 black oversample was supported by a grant to Bobo from NSF.
Hodge, Treas, and Nakao were PIs. In addition, the Occupational Prestige Subcommittee of the Board consisted of
Board members Richard Campbell, Robert Hauser, Joe Spaeth, and Andrea Tyree and non-Board members Patricia
d
Roos and Paul Siegel.
Part of the data collection costs and the analysis costs were supported by a grant to Hodge, Treas, and Nakao from
e
NSF.
f A follow-up study of employers, the National Organizations Survey, was funded by NSF.
Both part of the data collection costs and a follow-up interview with siblings was funded by a grant from NSF to
g
Hauser and Mare.
h Part of the data collection costs were provided by the MacArthur Foundation.
i
Support for the Giving and Volunteering component came from the Lilly Endowment and the Aspen Institute.
Appendix S
APPENDIX S:
SUPPLEMENTAL AND RELATED DATA
Almost all of the information that the GSS has collected appears in the main, cumulative file that is documented by this codebook.
However, information from related and follow-up studies as well as some supplemental data from the GSS proper are not included in
the cumulative file, but are available in special supplements and related data files. These data come in four forms: 1) reinterviews, 2)
linked studies, 3) supplements, and 4) cross-national studies.
Reinterviews
GSS respondents have been reinterviewed both as part of methodological studies and as part of follow-up, substantive studies.
The methodological uses have included studies of reliability and cognition:
1. In 1972, 1973, 1974, and 1978, test/retest studies of item stability and reliability were conducted. In each year a subsample
of respondents (1972=380, 1973=227, 1974=210, 1978=265) were recontacted by phone one to two months after the initial
GSS interview and reasked a subset of questions (1972=92, 1973=55, 1974=19, 1978=23). In 1972 and 1978 there was one
reinterview (two waves in all) and in 1973 and 1974 there were two reinterviews (three waves altogether). These reinterviews
are discussed in GSS Methodological Report No. 8.
2. In 1988, a group of cognitive scientists at the University of Chicago (Norman Bradburn, Janellen Huttenlocher, and Steven
Shevell) expanded the normal GSS validation effort by increasing the sample size to almost half (n=629) and adding recall
questions about the timing and content of the initial interview. Respondents were recontacted by phone about two months after
their initial interview. The reinterview reports were then validated against the known information on date and content, and
models of memory were developed to explain the discrepancies. Data are available from Janellen Huttenlocher, Dept. of
Psychology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637.
The GSS has also served as a list sample for four substantive, follow-up studies:
1. The first follow-up study in 1987 contained questions on political tolerance designed by James Gibson (with support from
NSF), and C. William Cloninger's Tridimensional Personality Scale. For this survey, 1,267 respondents were reinterviewed in
person about three to four months after the 1987 GSS. The Freedom and Tolerance in the United States study is available from
ICPSR (No. 9454).
2. The 1990 National Survey of Functional Health Status, conducted for John Ware at the New England Medical Center
Hospitals with support from the Kaiser Family Foundation reinterviewed GSS respondents from the 1989 and 1990 surveys,
plus an additional sample of people sixty-five and older from these people's households for a total sample size of 3,251. An
experimental comparison of mail and telephone reinterviewing was carried out. Data are available from ICPSR.
3. The 1992 GSS Reinterview recontacted 1991 GSS respondents via a combination of mail and telephone. In all, 1,273
reinterviews were obtained for a response rate of 84.5%. The 1992 reinterview consisted of the ISSP module on social
inequality, other questions on inequality and stratification from the 1991 GSS, and key demographics likely to have changed
over the last year. This file is available from the Roper Center.
4. The 1996 GSS Reinterview recontacted 376 parents of children enrolled in grades 1-8 in 1996-97. The surveys dealt with
educational issues in general and parental involvement in school programs in particular. The data are available from NORC.
5. The GSS is in transition from a replicating cross-sectional design to a design that uses rotating panels:
As Table 1 shows below, in 2008 there were two components: a new 2008 cross-section with 2,023 cases and the first
reinterviews with 1,536 respondents from the 2006 GSS. In 2010 GSS has the 3rd wave of 2006 respondents (N=1,276), 2nd
wave of 2008 respondents (N=1,581), and 1st wave (cross-section) of 2010 respondents (N=2,044). In 2012 GSS has the 3rd
wave of 2008 respondents (N=1295), 2nd wave of 2010 respondents (N=1,551), and the 1st wave (cross-section) of 2012
respondents (N=1,974).
Appendix S
Table 1. GSS design features: Cross-sectional and Panel Components

2006 2008 2010 2012
st a
1 wave 4510 2023 2044 1974
2nd wave 1536 1581 1551
rd
3 wave 1276 1295
Combined N 4510 3559 4901 4820
Note:a Of the 4,510 respondents, 2,000 respondents were selected for the 2008 panel (2nd wave).
Linked Studies
The GSS has twice been used to identity organizations or individuals connected to the GSS respondent and they have then
been the object of follow-up studies:
1. National Organizations Survey (NOS): In the 1991 GSS, the name and contact information of the employer of respondent
and his/her spouse was collected. A follow-up study of these employers was carried out by Arne L. Kalleberg, David Knoke,
Peter V. Marsden, and Joe L. Spaeth. The National Organization Survey has 727 cases which consist of a) information on the
employer, b) information about the GSS respondent and/or spouse employed by the employer, and c) aggregate industry-level
information. The second wave of NOS (n=516) was collected in 2002 based on the 2002 GSS respondents. Both files are
available from ICPSR.
2. On the 1994 GSS contact information was sought for a randomly chosen sibling of the respondent. Robert Hauser and
Robert Mare, University of Wisconsin, are conducting a follow-up interview with that sibling. The information from the 1994
GSS and the Sibling study will be merged. The data are available from the University of Wisconsin.
3. National Congregation Study I and II (NCS): In the 1998 and 2006 GSS, respondents who attend religious services were
asked to name their religious congregation. A variety of information about each congregation was gathered from the interview
with key informant at each congregation in 1998 and 2006-2007. A third round based on the 2012 GSS is now underway.
These studies were carried out by Mark Chaves. More information is available from http://www.soc.duke.edu/natcong/.
5. National Voluntary Association Survey (NVAS): In the 2004 GSS, a sample of 1,437 respondents were asked about their
group affiliations and asked to name of a key informant/group leader. These respondents were reinterviewed in 2006. This
study is carried out by Lynn Smith-Lovin, Duke University.
6. GSS-National Death Index (NDI) study: In the 2009-2010, 1978-2002 GSS respondents were linked to the National Death
Index. This study is carried out by Peter Muennig, Columbia University.
Supplements
Because of their special characteristics, two sets of information collected as part of the GSS proper are distributed as
supplemental files that can be matched to the GSS cumulative file using case identification numbers.
1. In 1986, 10 factorial vignettes about welfare benefits were administered to GSS respondents (GSS Methodological Reports
Nos 44 and 47). In this file, the unit of analysis is the vignette rather than the respondent. There are 14,700 cases and 19
variables per case. The data (NORC/GSS72-86 - Vignettes) are available from the Roper Center.
2. In 1989, occupational prestige rankings were collected from sub-samples of respondents for a total 730 occupations. From
these ratings, NORC-GSS Occupational Prestige and Duncan Socio-Economic Index (SEI) scales were created by Keiko
Nakao and Judith Treas (GSS Methodological Reports Nos. 69, 70, 74). The raw data from which the prestige and SEI scales
were calculated are available from ICPSR (No. 9593).
Cross-national Studies
Appendix R describes the ISSP and other cross-national research connected to the GSS. Cross-national data collected by the
Appendix S
GSS appear in either the main, cumulative file or the 1992 GSS Reinterview (above). Merged ISSP files that contain data from
all countries are created by the GESIS Data Archive for the Social Sciences in Cologne and are available from them (see
http://www.gesis.org/en/issp).
Appendix T
APPENDIX T:
GENERAL SOCIAL SURVEY PAPERS
This appendix lists papers and related documents concerning the General Social Surveys. Most papers are available at the
GSS website, http://www.norc.org/gss+website/.
An annotated bibliography of papers using the General Social Surveys is also available at the GSS website,
http://www.norc.org/gss+website/.
For information, email: smitht@norc.uchicago.edu or write to: GSS, National Opinion Research Center, 1155 East 60th
Street, Chicago, Illinois 60637.
Newsletter
GSS NEWS, 1987-2012. (Free). 2007+ (on-line)
Other Publications
"The NORC General Social Survey: Questions and Answers," Chicago: NORC, 2004, 11 p.
James A. Davis and Tom W. Smith, The NORC General Social Survey: A User's Guide. Newbury Park, California: Sage
Publications, 1992.
GSS Reports
A. Social Change Reports
1. James A. Davis, "Communism, Conformity, Cohorts and Categories: American Tolerance in 1954 and 1972-73,"
Published in American Journal of Sociology, 81 (November, 1975), 491-513.
2. James A. Davis, "Background Characteristics in the U.S. Adult Population 1952-1973: A Survey-Metric Model,"
Published in Social Science Research, 5 (1976), 349-383.
3. Tom W. Smith, "Ms. President?: A Study of Trends in the Political Role of Women, 1936-1974," Published in Studies
of Social Change Since 1948, edited by James A. Davis, NORC Report 127B, Chicago: NORC, 1976, II, 215-254.
($7.00)
4. Tom W. Smith, “A Trend Analysis of Attitudes Towards Capital Punishment," Published in Studies of Social Change
Since 1948, edited by James A. Davis, NORC Report 127B, Chicago: NORC, 1976, II, 255-318. ($7.00)
5. Tom W. Smith, "Age and Social Change: An Analysis of the Association between Age-Cohorts and Attitude Change,
1972-1977," Paper presented at the Eastern Sociological Society, Philadelphia, April, 1978, 21p.
6. Tom W. Smith, "Happiness: Time Trends, Seasonal Variations, Inter-Survey Differences, and Other Mysteries," GSS
Technical Report No.6, Chicago: NORC, 1978. Published in Social Psychology Quarterly, 42 (Spring, 1979), 18-30.
7. Tom W. Smith, "Public Opinion Regarding Various Forms of Sexual Behavior," GSS Technical Report No. 10, Chicago:
NORC, 1978 (with D. Garth Taylor), 32p.
8. Tom W. Smith, "A Compendium of Trends on General Social Survey Questions," GSS Technical Report No. 15,
Chicago: NORC, 1979. Revised Version, NORC Report No. 129, Chicago: NORC, 1980, 260p. ($7.50)
9. Tom W. Smith, "General Liberalism and Social Change in Post World War II America: A Summary of Trends," GSS
Technical Report No. 16, Chicago: NORC, 1979. Published in Social Indicators Research, 10 (January, 1982), 1-28.
10. James A. Davis, "Conservative Weather in a Liberalizing Climate: Change in Selected NORC General Social Survey
Appendix T
Items, 1972-78," Published in Social Forces, 58 (June, 1980), 1129-1156.
11. Tom W. Smith, "The 75% Solution: An Analysis of the Structure of Attitudes on Gun Control, 1959-1977," Published in
Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology, 71 (September, 1980), 300-316.
12. James A. Davis, "The Parental Families of Americans in Birth Cohorts 1890-1955: A Categorical, Linear-Equation
Model Estimated from the NORC General Social Survey," Published in Social Indicators Research, 9 (1981), 395-453.
13. Tom W. Smith, "Public Support for Educational Spending: Trends, Rankings, and Models, 1971-1978," Published in
Monitoring Educational Outcomes and Public Attitudes, edited by Kevin J. Gilmartin and Robert S. Rossi, New York:
Human Sciences Press, 1982.
14. Millard Duchon, "An Evaluation of Trends in GSS Item Types--Changes Due to the 1980 GSS," GSS Technical Report
No. 32, Chicago: NORC, December, 1981, 24p.
15. Tom W. Smith, "The Polls: American Attitudes toward the Soviet Union and Communism," Published in Public
Opinion Quarterly, 47 (Summer, 1983), 277-292.
16. James A. Davis, "Counting Your Change for a Ten: America from 1972 to 1982 as Reflected in the NORC General
Social Survey," GSS Technical Report No. 43, Chicago: NORC, June, 1983, 35p.
17. Tom W. Smith, "Cycles of Reform? A Summary of Trends Since World War II," Paper presented to the American
Sociological Association, San Antonio, August, 1984, 34p.
18. James A. Davis, "New Money, An Old Man/Lady and 'Two's Company': Subjective Welfare in the NORC General
Social Surveys, 1972-1982," Published in Social Indicators Research, 15 (November, 1984), 319-350.
19. Tom W. Smith, "Atop a Liberal Plateau? A Summary of Trends Since World War II," Published in Research in Urban
Policy, I (1985), 245-257.
20. Tom W. Smith, "Catholic Attitudes toward Abortion," Published in Conscience, 5 (July/August, 1984), 6-7.
21. Tom W. Smith, "American Attitudes Toward Race Relations," Published in Public Opinion, 7 (October/November,
1984) 14-15 (with Paul B. Sheatsley), 50-53.
22. Tom W. Smith, "Did Ferraro's Candidacy Reduce Public Support for Feminism?" Unpublished NORC Report, 1985,
14p.
23. Tom W. Smith, "Trends in Attitudes on Sexual and Reproductive Issues," Paper presented to the NORC/Allensbach
Conference on the Family, Chicago, October, 1985, 22p.
24. James A. Davis, "What the GSS Tells Us About Social Change, 1972-1985," GSS Technical Report No. 71,
Chicago: NORC, July, 1986, 78p.
25. Tom W. Smith, "Red in the Morning: Recent Trends in American Attitudes Toward the Soviet Union and
Communism," Published in The NORC Reporter, 1 (Winter, 1987), 4-5.
26. Tom W. Smith, "Counting Flocks and Lost Sheep: Trends in Religious Preference Since World War II,"
Chicago: NORC, February, 1988, 90p.
27. Duane F. Alwin, "Changes in Qualities Valued in Children in the United States, 1964 to 1984," Published
in Social Science Research, 18 (1989), 195-236.
28. Duane F. Alwin, "Historical Changes in Parental Orientations to Children," Chicago: NORC, Fall, 1987,
38p. Published in Sociological Studies of Child Development, 3 (1988).
29. Tom W. Smith, "Liberal and Conservative Trends in the United States Since World War II," Chicago:
NORC, July, 1988, Published in Public Opinion Quarterly, 54 (Winter, 1990), 479-507.
30. James A. Davis, "Communism and Cohorts Continued: American Tolerance in 1954 and 1972-87," Chicago:
NORC, June, 1988, 69p.
Appendix T
31. Duane F. Alwin, "Family Size and Cohort Differences in Vocabulary Knowledge in the United States Adult
Population," Chicago: NORC, 1989, 62 p. Published in American Sociological Review, 56 (October, 1991),
625-638.
32. Tom W. Smith, "Are Conservative Churches Growing?" Chicago: NORC, 1991, 46p. Published in Review of
Religious Research, 33 (June, 1992), 305-329.
33. James A. Davis, "Changeable Weather in a Cooling Climate Atop the Liberal Plateau: Conversion and Replacement in
42 GSS Items, 1972-1989," 49p. Published in Public Opinion Quarterly, 56 (Fall, 1992), 261-306.
34. Tom W. Smith, "The Impact of the Televangelist Scandals of 1987-88 on American Religious Beliefs and
Behaviors," Chicago: NORC, April, 1991, 32 p. Published in Public Opinion Quarterly, 56 (Fall, 1992),
360-380.
35. Tom W. Smith, "Attitudes towards Sexual Permissiveness: Trends and Correlates," Chicago: NORC, March,
1992, 49 p. Revised version in Sexuality Across the Life Course, edited by Alice S. Rossi. Chicago: University
of Chicago Press, (1994) 63-97.
36. Tom W. Smith, "Is There Real Opinion Change?" Chicago: NORC, February, 1993, 17 p. Published in
International Journal of Public Opinion Research, 6 (1994), 187-203.
37. Tom W Smith, "Generational Differences in Musical Preferences," Chicago: NORC, May 1994, 24p. Published
in Popular Music and Society, 18 (Summer, 1995), 43-59.
38. Tom W Smith and Robert J. Smith, " Changes in Firearm Ownership Among Women, 1980-1994," Chicago:
NORC, November 1994, 24p. Published in Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology, 86 (Fall, 1995), 133-149.
39. Paul DiMaggio, John Evans and Bethany Bryson, "Have Americans’ Social Attitudes Become More Polarized?"
Chicago: NORC, January 1996, 71p. Published in American Journal of Sociology, 102 (Nov., 1996), 690-755.
40. James A. Davis, "Twenty Years American Attitudes Change as Captured in the GSS," Chicago: NORC, 1997,
17p. Published as "The GSS - Capturing American Attitude Change" in The Public Perspective, 8
(February/March, 1997), 31-34.
41. James A. Davis, “Testing the Demographic Theory of Attitude Change: Secular Attitudes in Attitudes Among
U.S. Households, 1972-1996,” Chicago: NORC, 1999, 65p.
42. Tom W. Smith, “The Emerging 21st Century American Family,” Chicago: NORC, 1999, 65p.
43. Tom W. Smith, “Changes in the Generation Gap, 1972-1988,” Chicago: NORC, September, 2000, 44p.
44. Michael Hout, “Educational Progress for African Americans and Latinos in the United States from the 1950s to
the 1990s: The Interaction of Ancestry and Class,” Chicago: NORC, 2000, 30p.
45. Michael Hout, Andrew Greeley, and Melissa J. Wilde, “The Demographic Imperative in Religious Change in
the United States,” Chicago: NORC, 2001, 48p. Published in American Journal of Sociology, 107 (Sept., 2001),
468-500.
46. Michael Hout and Claude S. Fischer, “Explaining the Rise of Americans with No Religious Preference: Politics
and Generations,” Chicago: NORC, 2001, 53p. Published in American Sociological Review, 67 (April, 2002),
165-190.
47. Tom W. Smith, “Religious Diversity in America: The Emergence of Muslims, Buddhists, Hindus, and Others,”
Chicago: NORC, January, 2002, 19p. Published in the Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 41
(September, 2002), 577-585.
48. James A. Davis, “Did Growing Up in the 1960s Leave a Permanent Mark on Attitudes and Values? Evidence
from the GSS,” Chicago: NORC, 2002, 24pp. Published in Public Opinion Quarterly, 69 (Summer, 2004), 161-
183.
Appendix T
49. Tom W. Smith and Seokho Kim, “The Vanishing Protestant Majority,” Chicago; NORC, 2004, 23pp. published
in Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion. 44 (June, 2005), 211-224.
50. Tom W. Smith, “The Laws of Studying Societal Change,” Chicago; NORC, 2005, 8pp. Survey Research, 36
(2005) 1-5, Revised and Expanded as “Formulating the Laws for Studying Societal Change,” Chicago: NORC,
2006.
51. James A. Davis, “Gradual Increases in Americans’ Tolerance of Free Expression, 1972-2004,” Chicago: NORC,
March, 2007.
52. James A. Davis, “On the Seemingly Relentless Progress in Americans’ Support for Free Expression, 1972- 2006,”
Chicago: NORC, June, 2008.
53. Tom W. Smith, “Changes in Family Structure, Family Values, and Politics, 1972- 2006,” Chicago: NORC,
2008.
54. Tom W. Smith, “Trends in Confidence in Institutions, 1973-2006,” Chicago: NORC, 2008.
55. Tom W. Smith, "Trends in Willingness to Vote for a Black and Woman for President, 1972-2008” Chicago: NORC,
2009.
56. Davis, James A. “On the Shapes of Social Change” Chicago: NORC, 2009.
57. Tom W. Smith, "An Analysis of Cohort Differences on Abortion Attitudes, 1972-2006" Chicago: NORC, 2009.
58. James A. Davis, "A Rough and Ready Approach to Aging and Cohort Replacement" Chicago: NORC, 2010.
59. Tom W. Smith, “Trends in Support for Civil Liberties,” Chicago: NORC, 2011.
60. James A. Davis, “A Generation of Attitude Trends among U.S. Householders as Measured in the NORC General Social
Survey 1972-2010.” Chicago: NORC, 2011.
B. GSS Methodological Reports
1. Tom W. Smith, "Can We Have Confidence in Confidence? Revisited," GSS Technical Report No. 1. Chicago: NORC,
1977. Superseded by GSS Technical Report No. 11. Published in Denis F. Johnston, ed., Measurement of Subjective
Phenomena, Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1981, 119-189.
2. Tom W. Smith, "In Search of House Effects: A Comparison of Responses to Various Questions by Different Survey
Organizations," GSS Technical Report No. 2, Chicago: NORC, October, 1977. Published in Public Opinion Quarterly
42, (Winter, 1978), 443-463.
3. C. Bruce Stephenson, "Weighting the General Social Surveys for Bias Relating to Household Size," GSS Technical
Report No. 3, Chicago: NORC, 1978, 14p.
4. Tom W. Smith, "Size of Place Codes in the 1972-1977 General Social Surveys," GSS Technical Report No. 4, Chicago:
NORC, 1978. Appendix 2 covering 1980 Census added April, 1984.
5. Tom W. Smith, "Response Rates on the 1975-1978 General Social Surveys with Comparisons to the Omnibus Surveys
of the Survey Research Center, 1972-1976," GSS Technical Report No. 7, Chicago: NORC, 1978, 10p.
6. Tom W. Smith, "Ethnic Measurement and Identification," GSS Technical Report No. 8, Chicago: NORC, 1978.
Published in Ethnicity 7, (March, 1980), p. 78-95.
7. C. Bruce Stephenson, "Probability Sampling with Quotas: An Experiment," GSS Technical Report No. 5, Chicago:
NORC, revised April, 1979. Published in Public Opinion Quarterly 43, (Winter 1979), p. 477-496.
8. Tom W. Smith, "An Analysis of Test/Retest Experiments on the 1972, 1973, 1974, and 1978 General Social Surveys,"
GSS Technical Report No. 14, Chicago: NORC, 1979 (with C. Bruce Stephenson), 85p.
Appendix T
9. Tom W. Smith, "Sex and the GSS: Nonresponse Differences," GSS Technical Report No. 17, Chicago: NORC, 1979,
14p.
10. Tom W. Smith, "Situational Qualifications to Generalized Absolutes: An Analysis of Approval of Hitting Questions on
the General Social Surveys," GSS Technical Report No. 21, Chicago: NORC, 1980. Published in Public Opinion
Quarterly 45 (Summer, 1981), 224-230.
11. Tom W. Smith, "Self-Employment--An Analysis of GSS Measures of Employment Status," GSS Technical Report No
20, Chicago: NORC, 1980, 10p.
12. Tom W. Smith, "The Subjectivity of Ethnicity," Published in Surveying Subjective Phenomena, edited by Charles F.
Turner and Elizabeth Martin. New York: Russell Sage, 1985, 117-128.
13. Nora Cate Schaeffer, "A General Social Survey Experiment in Generic Words," GSS Technical Report No. 22, Chicago:
NORC, 1981. Published in Public Opinion Quarterly, 46 (Winter, 1982), 572-581.
14. Tom W. Smith, "House Effects: A Comparison of the 1980 General Social Survey and the 1980 American National
Election Study," GSS Technical Report No. 23, Chicago: NORC, 1980, revised, 1981. Published in Public Opinion
Quarterly, 46 (Spring, 1982), 54-68.
15. Tom W. Smith, "Nonattitudes: A Review and Evaluation," Published in Surveying Subjective Phenomena, edited by
Charles F. Turner and Elizabeth Martin, New York: Russell Sage, 1985.
16. Tom W. Smith, "The Hidden 25 Percent: An Analysis of Nonresponse on the 1980 General Social Survey,"
GSS Technical Report No. 25, Chicago: NORC, 1981. Published in Public Opinion Quarterly, 47 (Fall, 1983),
386-404.
17. Tom W. Smith, "Educated Don't Knows: An Analysis of the Relationship between Education and Item
Nonresponse," GSS Technical Report No. 28, Chicago: NORC, 1981. Published in Political Methodology, 8
(1982), 47-58.
18. Tom W. Smith, "Problems in Ethnic Measurement: Over-, Under-, and Misidentification," GSS Technical
Report No. 29, Chicago: NORC, 1982. Published in the Proceedings of the Social Statistics Section, American
Statistical Association, 1983, 107-116.
19. Tom W. Smith, "Contradictions on the Abortion Scale," GSS Technical Report No. 31, Chicago: NORC, 1981,
12p.
20. Tom W. Smith, "Conditional Order Effects," GSS Technical Report No. 33, Chicago: NORC, May 1982, 30p.
21. Tom W. Smith, "Discrepancies in Past Presidential Vote," GSS Technical Report No. 34, Chicago: NORC, July,
1982, 19p.
22. Tom W. Smith, "Recalling Attitudes: An Analysis of Retrospective Questions on the 1982 General Social
Survey," GSS Technical Report No. 35, Chicago: NORC, July, 1982. Published in Public Opinion Quarterly,
48 (Fall, 1984), 639-649.
23. Tom W. Smith, "An Experimental Comparison of Clustered and Scattered Scale Items," GSS Technical Report
No. 36, Chicago: NORC, August, 1982. Published in Social Psychology Quarterly, 46 (June, 1983), 163-168.
24. Tom W. Smith, "Attitude Constraint as a Function of Non-Affective Dimensions," GSS Technical Report No.
39, Chicago: NORC, 1982, 23p.
25. Tom W. Smith, "Using Temporary Refusals to Estimate Nonresponse Bias," GSS Technical Report No. 38,
Chicago: NORC, 1983. Revised version published in Sociological Perspectives, 27 (October, 1984), 473-489.
26. Duane F. Alwin and Jon A. Krosnick, "The Measurement of Values for Children: A Comparison of Ratings and
Rankings," GSS Technical Report No. 40, Chicago: NORC, April, 1983. Published in Public Opinion
Quarterly, 49(Winter, 1985), 535-552.
27. Tom W. Smith, "Children and Abortions: An Experiment in Question Order," GSS Technical Report No. 42,
Appendix T
Chicago: NORC, 1983, 11p.
28. Tom W. Smith, "A Comparison of Telephone and Personal Interviewing," Chicago: NORC, 1984, 20p.
29. Glenn R. Dempsey, "Scaling Political Views and Social Status: A Comparison of Two Methods," GSS
Technical Report No. 45, Chicago: NORC, September, 1984, 14p.
30. Tom W. Smith, "A Preliminary Analysis of Methodological Experiments on the 1984 GSS," GSS Technical
31. Bruce L. Peterson, "Confidence: Categories and Confusion," GSS Technical Report No. 50, Chicago: NORC,
September, 1985, 50p.
32. Ronald S. Burt, "Network Items and the General Social Survey," GSS Technical Report No. 53, Chicago:
NORC, Fall, 1984. Published in Social Networks, 6 (1985), 293-339.
33. Tom W. Smith, "That Which We Call Welfare by Any Other Name Would Smell Sweeter: An Analysis of the
Impact of Question Wording on Response Patterns," GSS Technical Report No. 55, Chicago: NORC, 1985.
Published in Public Opinion Quarterly, 51 (Spring, 1987), 75-83.
34. Tom W. Smith, "Unhappiness on the 1985 GSS: Confounding Change and Context," GSS Technical Report No. 56,
Chicago: NORC, 1985. Revised 1986, 15p.
35. Tom W. Smith, "An Analysis of the Accuracy of Spousal Reports," GSS Technical Report No. 57, Chicago:
NORC, 1985, 15p.
36. Tom W. Smith, "Problems in Form Randomization on the General Social Surveys," GSS Technical Report No.
58, Chicago: NORC, 1986 (with Bruce L. Peterson) 31p.
37. Ronald S. Burt, "A Note on Sociometric Order in the General Social Survey Network Data," GSS Technical
Report No. 60, Chicago: NORC, 1985, Published in Social Networks, 8 (June, 1986), 149-174.
38. Ronald S. Burt and Miguel G. Guilarte, "A Note on Scaling the General Social Survey Network Item Response
Categories," GSS Technical Report No. 61, Chicago: NORC, 1985. Published in Social Networks, 8 (December, 1986),
387-396.
39. Ronald S. Burt, Peter V. Marsden, and Peter H. Rossi, "A Research Agenda for Survey Network Data," GSS
Technical Report No. 62, Chicago: NORC, Summer, 1985.
40. Ronald S. Burt, "A Note on the General Social Survey's Ersatz Network Density Item," GSS Technical Report
No. 63, Chicago: NORC, 1985. Published in Social Networks, 9 (June, 1987), 73-85.
41. Ronald S. Burt, "A Note on Missing Network Data in the General Social Survey," GSS Technical Report No. 64,
Chicago: NORC, January, 1986. Published in Social Networks, 9 (June, 1987), 63-73.
42. Tom W. Smith, "Attrition and Bias on the International Social Survey Program (ISSP) Supplement," GSS Technical
43. Tom W. Smith, "Classifying Protestant Denominations," GSS Technical Report No. 67, Chicago: NORC, 1986,
44p. Published in Review of Religious Research, 31 (1990), 225-245.
44. Tom W. Smith, "A Study of Non-Responses and Negative Values on the Factorial Vignettes on Welfare," GSS
Technical Report No. 69, Chicago: NORC, 1986, 34p.
45. Jon A. Krosnick and Duane F. Alwin, "An Evaluation of a Cognitive Theory of Response Order Effects in
Survey Measurement," GSS Technical Report No. 73, Chicago: NORC, February, 1986. Published in Public
Opinion Quarterly, 51 (Summer, 1987), 201-219.
46. Jon A. Krosnick and Duane F. Alwin, "Satisficing: A Strategy for Dealing with the Demands of Survey
Questions," GSS Technical Report No. 74, Chicago: NORC, March, 1987, 24p.
Appendix T
47. Greg J. Duncan and Fred Groskind, "Some Methodological Aspects of Responses to the 1986 GSS Welfare
Entitlement Vignettes," GSS Technical Report No. 75, Chicago: NORC, May, 1987, 17p.
48. Tom W. Smith, "A Review of the Use of Public Opinion Data by the Attorney General's Commission on
Pornography," Published in Public Opinion Quarterly, 51 (Summer, 1987), 249-267.
49. Tom W. Smith, "Inconsistent People," Report prepared for Panel on Survey Measurement of Subjective Phenomena,
National Academy of Sciences, 1980, 8p.
50. Tom W. Smith, "Phone Home: An Analysis of Household Telephone Ownership," Chicago: NORC, August,
1987, 28p. Published in International Journal of Public Opinion Research, 2 (1990), 369-390.
51. Tom W. Smith, "Random Probes of GSS Questions," Chicago: NORC, February, 1988, 20p. Published in
52. Tom W. Smith, "Rotation Designs of the GSS," Chicago: NORC, February, 1988, 19p.
53. Howard Schuman and Jacqueline Scott, "Replication of Two GSS Question Form Effect Experiments: 1974
and 1982," Chicago: NORC, April, 1988, 15p. Published in Sociological Methods and Research, 17 (May,
1989), 398-408.
54. Kenneth A. Rasinski, "The Effect of Question Wording on Public Support for Government Spending," Chicago:
NORC, May, 1988, 30p. Published in Public Opinion Quarterly, 53 (1989), 388-396.
55. Tom W. Smith, "Ballot Position: An Analysis of Context Effects Related to Rotation Design," Chicago:
NORC, August, 1988, 23p. Published in Measurement Errors in Surveys, edited by Paul P. Biemer, Robert M.
Groves, Lars E. Lyberg, Nancy A. Mathiowetz, and Seymour Sudman. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1991.
56. Tom W. Smith, "Timely Artifacts: A Review of Measurement Variation in the 1972-1988 GSS," Chicago:
NORC, Sept, 1988, 28p.
57. Ethan Ligon, "Rationale and Construction of Poverty Measures in the General Social Survey," Chicago: NORC,
September, 1988, 23p.
58. Tom W. Smith, "A Methodological Review of the Sexual Behavior Questions on the 1988 GSS," Chicago:
NORC, November, 1988, 17p. See GSS Methodological Report No. 65.
59. Tom W. Smith, Sara P. Crovitz, and Christopher Walsh, "Measuring Occupation: A Comparison of the 1970
and 1980 Occupational Classification Systems of the Bureau of the Census," Chicago: NORC, December, 1988,
18p.
60. Tom W. Smith, "Trends in Voluntary Group Membership: Comments on Baumgartner and Walker," Chicago:
NORC, February, 1989, 21p. Published in American Journal of Political Science, 34 (August, 1990), 646-661.
61. Duane F. Alwin and Jon A. Krosnick, "The Reliability of Attitudinal Survey Data: The Import of Question and
Respondent Characteristics," Chicago: NORC, 1989, 65p.
62. Duane F. Alwin, "Problems in the Estimation and Interpretation of Survey Data," Chicago: NORC, February,
1989, 76p.
63. James A. Davis, "On Sample Sizes in Contemporary Sociological Research," Chicago: NORC, July, 1989, 28p.
64. Ethan Ligon, "The Development and Use of a Consistent Income Measure for the General Social Survey,"
Chicago: NORC, September, 1989, 16p.
65. Tom W. Smith, "A Methodological Review of the Sexual Behavior Questions on the 1988 and 1989 GSS,"
Chicago: NORC, October, 1989, 23p. Published in Journal of Official Statistics, 8 (1992), 309-325.
66. Tom W. Smith, "Some Thoughts on the Nature of context Effects," Chicago: NORC, September, 1989, 53p.
Published in Context Effects in Social and Psychological Research, edited by Norman Schwarz and Seymour
Sudman. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1991.
Appendix T
67. Tom W. Smith, "An Analysis of Missing Data in the Study of Intergenerational Mobility," Chicago: NORC,
December, 1989, 24p.
68. Tom W. Smith, "Discrepancies between Men and Women in Reporting Number of Sexual Partners: A Cross-
National Comparison," Chicago: NORC, September, 1990, 25p. Published in Social Biology, 39 (Fall/Winter,
1992), 203-211.
69. Keiko Nakao, Robert W. Hodge, and Judith Treas, "On Revising Prestige Scores for All Occupations," Chicago:
NORC, October, 1990, 25p.
70. Keiko Nakao and Judith Treas, "Computing 1989 Occupational Prestige Scores," Chicago: NORC, 1990, 64p.
Published as “Updating Occupational Prestige and Socioeconomic Scores: How the New Measures Measure
Up,” Sociological Methodology, 24 (1994), 1-72.
71. Tom W. Smith, "An Analysis of Missing Income Information on the General Social Surveys," Chicago: NORC,
1991, 12p.
72. Peter V. Marsden, "The Reliability of Network Density and Composition Measures," Chicago: NORC, 1991,
23p. Published in Social Networks, 15 (1993), 399-421.
73. Tom W. Smith, "A Report on the GSS Household Enumeration Variables," Chicago: NORC, 1992, 12p.
74. Keiko Nakao and Judith Treas, "The 1989 Socioeconomic Index of Occupations: Construction from the 1989
Occupational Prestige Scores," Chicago: NORC, 1992, 32p. Published as “Updating Occupational Prestige and
Socioeconomic Scores: How the Measures Measure Up,” Sociological Methodology, 24 (1994), 1-72.
75. Tom W. Smith, "The 1992 General Social Survey Reinterview," Chicago: NORC, 1992, 5p.
76. Tom W. Smith, "An Analysis of Response Patterns to the Ten-Point Scalometer," Chicago: NORC, 1992, 17p.
Published in the Proceedings of the Section on Survey Research Methods, American Statistical Association.
Alexandria, VA: American Statistical Association, 1994.
77. Tom W. Smith, "The Relationship of Age to Education Across Time," Chicago: NORC, 1992, 18p. Published in
Social Science Research, 22 (1993), 300-311.
78. Tom W. Smith, "Little Things Matter: A Sampler of How Differences in Questionnaire Format Can Affect
Survey Responses," Chicago: NORC, July, 1993, 8p.
79. Tom W. Smith, "Notes on John Brehm, The Phantom Respondent: Opinion Surveys and Political
Representation," Chicago: NORC, July, 1993, 5p.
80. Tom W. Smith, "A Comparison of Two Confidence Scales," Chicago: NORC, December, 1993, 14p.
81. Tom W. Smith, "A Comparison of Two Governmental Spending Scales," Chicago: NORC, March, 1994, 16p.
82. Tom W. Smith, "Trends in Survey Non-Response," Chicago: NORC, August 1994, 18p. Published in
83. Tom W. Smith, "Some Aspects of Measuring Education." Published in Social Science Review, 24 (1995), 215-
242.
84. Tom W. Smith, "Context Effects Resulting from the Revision of the GSS Core in 1994," Chicago: NORC,
January 1995, 9p.
85. Tom W. Smith, "A Review of Ethno-Racial Measures on the General Social Survey," Chicago: NORC, June
1995, 19p.
86. Tom W. Smith, "The Impact of the Presence of others on a Respondent's Answers to Questions," Chicago:
NORC, December 1995, 12p. Published in International Journal of Public Opinion Research, 9 (Spring, 1997),
33-47.
Appendix T
87. Tom W. Smith, Hae-Choon Shin and Xiaoxi Tong, "A Report on Sample Frame Comparisons and Design
Effects on the 1993 General Social Survey," Chicago: NORC, February 1996, 40p.
88. Tom W. Smith, "Measuring Church Attendance," Chicago: NORC, 1996, 12p. Published in American
Sociological Review, 63 (February, 1998), 131-136.
89. Tom W. Smith, "Measuring Race by Observation and Self-Identification," Chicago: NORC, 1997, 12p.
90. Tom W. Smith, “Examining the Relationship between Educational Attainment, Age/Cohort, and Dependent
Variables,” Chicago: NORC, 1998, 8p.
91. Tom W. Smith, “Measuring Inter-racial Friendships: Experimental Comparisons,” Chicago: NORC, 29p.
Published in Social Science Research, 31 (Dec., 2002), 576-593.
92. Tom W. Smith, “A Methodological Analysis of HIV Risk Behavior from the 1988-1998 General Social
Survey,” Chicago: NORC, 1999, 73p.
93. Tom W. Smith, “Aspects of Measuring Race: Race by Observation vs. Self-Reports and Multiple Mentions of
Ethnicity and Race,” Chicago: NORC, July, 2001, 20p.
94. Peter V. Marsden, “Interviewer Effects in Measuring Network Size Using a Single Name Generator,” Harvard
University, June 2001, 32p.
95. Tom W. Smith, “An Experimental Comparisons of the Internet and In-Person Surveys,” Chicago: NORC,
October, 2001. Published in International Journal of Public Opinion Research, 15 (2003), 161-179.
96. Tom W. Smith, “Measuring Racial and Ethnic Discrimination,” Chicago: NORC, 2002.
97. Tom W. Smith, “A Methodological Analysis of HIV Risk Behavior from the 1998-2002 General Social
Survey,” Chicago: NORC, 2003, 80pp.
98. Tom W. Smith and Seokho Kim, “A Review of CAPI-Effects on the 2002 General Social Survey,” Chicago:
NORC 2003, 13pp.
99. Tom W. Smith and Michael Dennis, “Comparing the Knowledge Networks Web-Enabled Panel and the In-
Person 2002 General Social Survey: Experiments with Mode, Format, and Question Wording,” Chicago: NORC,
2004, 16pp.
100. Jibum Kim, Tom W. Smith, Seokho Kim, Jeong-han Kang, and Jennifer Berktold, “Comparison between SAQ
and CASI for Supplemental Survey Nonresponse,” Chicago: NORC, 2004. 16pp. Published in Field Methods, 22 (2010),
57-69
101. Michael Hout, “Getting the Most Out of the GSS Income Measures,” Chicago: NORC, 2004, 14pp.
102. Tom W. Smith, “Discrepancies in Gender Codes,” Chicago: NORC, 2005.
103. Tom W. Smith, “The Impact of Alternative Response Scales on Measuring Self-ratings of Health,” Chicago:
NORC, 2005. 9p. Published in Survey Practice, 1 (2008) at www.surveypractice.org
104. Tom W. Smith, “An Experimental Comparison of Methods of Measuring Ethnicity,” Chicago: NORC, 2005.
Published in Field Methods, 20 (2008), 171-178.
105. Tom W. Smith, “A Revisit to ‘The Vanishing Protestant Majority’ and Expanded Religious Probes on the 2004
General Social Survey,” Chicago: NORC, 2005.
106. Tom W. Smith, “The Subsampling of Nonrespondents on the 2004 General Social Survey,” Chicago: NORC,
2006.
107. Tom W. Smith, “Wording Effects on the National Spending Priority Items Across Time, 1984-2004,” Chicago: NORC,
2006.
Appendix T
108. Jibum Kim, Tom W. Smith, Jeong-han Kang, John Sokolowski, “Community Context and Cooperation Rate:
Fear of Crime, Trust, or Incentives,” Chicago: NORC, 2006.
109. Tom W. Smith, “An Evaluation of Spanish Questions on the 2006 General Social Survey,” Chicago: NORC, 2007.
110. Tom W. Smith and Seokho Kim, “Counting Religious Nones and Other Religious Measurement Issues: A Comparison
of the Baylor Religion Survey and General Social Survey,” Chicago: NORC, 2007.
111. Niel Malhorta, Jon A. Krosnick, and Edward Haertel, “The Psychometric Properties of the GSS WORDSUM
Vocabulary Test,” Chicago: NORC. 2007.
112. Tom W. Smith and John Sokolowski, “Using Audio-Visuals in Surveys,” Chicago: NORC, 2008.
113. Tom W. Smith, “2006-2008 General Social Survey Panel Validation,” Chicago: NORC, 2009.
114. Tom W. Smith, "Response Order and Response Balance Effects Experiments on the 2008 General Social Survey,"
Chicago, NORC. 2009.
115. Tom W. Smith, "An Analysis of New Vocabulary Items on the 2008 General Social Survey," Chicago, NORC. 2009.
116. Tom W. Smith and Jibum Kim, "An Assessment of the Multi-level Integrated Database Approach," Chicago, NORC,
2009.
117. Tom W. Smith, "An Analysis of Computer Assisted Recorded Interviews (CARI) on the 2008 General Social Survey"
Chicago, NORC, 2010.
118. Tom W. Smith and Jaesok Son, “An Analysis of Panel Attrition and Panel Change on the 2006-2006 General Social
Survey Panel,” Chicago: NORC, 2010.
119. Michael Hout and Orestes P. Hastings, “Reliability Estimates from the GSS Core Items from the Three-Wave Panels,
2006-2010,” Chicago: NORC, 2012.
120. Jibum Kim, Jaesok Son, Jodie Daquilanea, Lauren Doerr, Faith Laken, Peter K. Kwok, Steven Pedlow, Hee-Choon Shin,
and Tom W. Smith. 2012. “Trends in Income Nonresponse: Forty Years of the General Social Survey,” GSS
Methodological Report No. 120, Chicago: NORC.
121. Jibum Kim, Hee-Choon Shin, Peter Muennig, Jeong-han Kang, Jennifer Dykema, Zohn Rosen, Tom W. Smith. 2012.
“Are you going to give your Social Security Number to interviewers?:1993-2010 General Social Survey.”GSS
Methodological Report No. 121, Chicago: NORC.
C. GSS Crossnational Reports
1. Rolf Porst, "Educational Aims in the United States of America and in the Federal Republic of Germany--A Cross
National Comparison," GSS Technical Report No. 51, Chicago: NORC, October, 1984, 26p.
2. Cornelia Krauth, "Attitudes towards Women's Role--A Comparative Analysis Based on the 1977 NORC General Social
Survey (GSS) and the 1982 German General Social Survey (ALLBUS)," GSS Technical Report No. 52, Chicago: NORC,
October, 1984, 19p.
3. Werner Hagstotz, "Is there a 'Legitimacy Gap'? Discrepancies between Government Policies and Public Opinion," GSS
Technical Report No. 54, Chicago: NORC, January, 1985, 36p.
4. James A. Davis, "British and American Attitudes: Similarities and Contrasts," Published in British Social Attitudes:
The 1986 Report, Edited by Roger Jowell, Sharon Witherspoon, and Lindsay Brook, Hants, England: Gower, 1986,
89-114.
5. Tom W. Smith, "The Polls: The Welfare State in Crossnational Perspective," Published in Public Opinion Quarterly, 51
(Fall, 1987), 404-421.
Appendix T
6. James A. Davis, "Bee-tas and Bay-tas: How Social Structure Shapes Attitudes in Britain and the United States," Paper
presented to the American Sociological Association, Chicago, August, 1987. (Abstract, table, and figures are available),
20p.
7. Tom W. Smith, "Social Inequality in Crossnational Perspective," Chicago: NORC, Oct., 1988, 36p. Published in
Attitudes to Inequality and the Role of Government, edited by Jos Becker, et al., 1990.
8. Tom W. Smith, "the Ups and Downs of Cross-National Survey Research," Chicago: NORC, December, 1988, 15p.
Published in IASSIST Quarterly, 12 (Winter, 1989), 18-24.
9. James A. Davis, "Attitudes toward Free Speech in Six Countries in the Mid 1980s: Australia, Austria, Great Britain, Italy,
the United States, and West Germany," Chicago: NORC, January, 1989, 44p. Published in European Sociological
Review, 6 (May, 1990), 1-14.
10. Tom W. Smith, "Inequality and Welfare," Chicago: NORC, 1989, Published in British Social Attitudes: Special
International Report, edited by Roger Jowell, Sharon Witherspoon, and Lindsay Brook. Aldershot: Gower, 1989.
11. James A. Davis and Roger Jowell, "Measuring National Differences: An Introduction to the International Social Survey
Programme (ISSP)," in British Social Attitudes: Special International Report, edited by Roger Jowell, Sharon
Witherspoon, and Lindsay Brook. Aldershot: Gower, 1989.
12. Walter Funk, "Family and Changing Sex-Roles: Some Preliminary Findings about Sex-Role Attitudes in Germany and
the United States," Chicago: NORC, January, 1991, 23p.
13. Duane F. Alwin, Michael Braun and Jacqueline Scott, "The Separation of Work and the Family: Attitudes toward
Women's Labor Force Participation in Germany, Great Britain and the United States," Chicago: NORC 1991, 43 p.
Published in European Sociological Review, 8 (May, 1992), 13-37.
14. Arne L. Kalleberg and David Stark, "Career Strategies in Capitalism and Socialism: Work Values and Job Rewards in
the United States and Hungary," Chicago: NORC, 1992, 33p. Published in Social Forces, 72 (Sept., 1993), 181-198.
15. Kenneth A. Rasinski, Tom W. Smith, and Sara Zuckerbraun, "A Better Environment, But at What Price?: Fairness
Motivations and Tradeoffs Underlying Public Support for Government Spending on the Environment in Nine Nations,"
Chicago: NORC, February, 1994, 34p. Published in Journal of Social Issues, 50 (1994), 179-197.
16. Tom W Smith, "Environmental and Scientific Knowledge around the World," Chicago: NORC, January, 1996, 37p.
Published in Shadow of Green, edited by Alan Frizzell and Jon P. Pammett. Ottawa: Carleton University Press. 1997.
17. Tom W. Smith, "Improving Cross-National Survey Research by Measuring the Intensity of Response Categories,"
18. James A. Davis, "System Cynicism in Twenty Contemporary Nations," Chicago: NORC, 1997, 24p.
19. Tom W. Smith and Lars Jarkko, “National Pride: A Cross-National Analysis,” Chicago, NORC, 1998, 45p.
20. Tom W. Smith, “A Cross-National Comparison of Attitudes towards Work by Age and Labor Force Status,” Chicago:
NORC, 2000, 50p.
21. Tom W. Smith, “Public Support for Governmental Benefits for the Elderly across Countries and Time,” Chicago: NORC,
2000, 27p.
22. Tom W. Smith, “Constructing Cross-National Surveys,” Chicago: NORC, 2002, 40p.
23. Tom W. Smith, “Methods for Assessing and Calibrating Response Scales across Countries and Languages,” Chicago:
NORC, 2004. Published in Comparative Sociology, 4 (2005), 365-415.
24. Tom W. Smith, “A Report on the 2005 ISSP Non-Response Survey,” Chicago: NORC, 2005. Published in Survey
Research Methods, 1 (2007): 45-54
25. Tom W. Smith, Jibum Kim, Achim Koch, and Alison Park. “Social-Science Research and the General Social Surveys,”
Chicago: NORC, 2005. Published in Comparative Sociology, 5 (2006), 33-43.
Appendix T
26. Tom W. Smith and Seokho Kim. “National Pride in Comparative Perspective: 1995/96 and 2003/04,” Chicago: NORC,
2005. Published in International Journal of Public Opinion Research, 18 (2006), 127-136.
27. Tom W. Smith, “National Pride in Specific Domains,” Chicago: NORC, 2006.
28. Tom W. Smith, “Surveying across Nations and Cultures,” in Handbook of Survey Research, 2nd edition, edited by James
D. Wright and Peter V. Marsden. San Diego: Elsevier, 2010.
29. Tom W. Smith, “A Report on the 2006 ISSP Non-Response Survey,” Chicago: NORC 2007, 23p.
30. Tom W. Smith. "Religious Change Around the World," Chicago, NORC 2009.
31. Tom W. Smith, “Cross-National Differences in Attitudes towards Same-Gender Sexual Behavior,” Chicago: NORC.
2011.
32. Tom W. Smith, “Beliefs about God across Time and Countries,” Chicago: NORC, 2012.
33. Tom W. Smith, “Surveying Hard-to-Reach Populations in Comparative Perspective,” Chicago: NORC, 2012.
D. GSS Topical Reports
1. Tom W. Smith, "Public Opinion and Public Regard for the Federal Government," Published in Making Bureaucracies
Work, edited by Carol Weiss and Allen Barton, Beverly Hills: Sage, 1980 (With D. Garth Taylor and Nancy A.
Mathiowetz), 36-63.
2. James A. Davis, "Background Variables and Opinions in the 1972-1977 NORC General Social Surveys: Ten
Generalizations about Age, Education, Occupational Prestige, Race, Religion, and Sex, and Forty-nine Opinion Items,"
GSS Technical Report No. 18, Chicago: NORC, 1979, 84p.
3. Tom W. Smith, "College Dropouts: An Analysis of the Psychological Well-Being and Attitudes of Various Educational
Groups," GSS Technical Report No. 26, Chicago: NORC, June, 1981. Published in Social Psychology Quarterly, 45
(March 1982), 50-53.
4. Tom W. Smith, "Hardship, Hard Times, and Hard Hearts," Published in Civil Rights Quarterly Perspectives, 13
(Summer/Fall, 1981), 26-29.
5. James A. Davis, "Up and Down Opportunity's Ladder," Published in Public Opinion, 5 (June/July, 1982), 11-15, 48-51.
6. James A. Davis, "Achievement Variables and Class Cultures: Family, Job and Forty-Nine Dependent Variables in the
Cumulative General Social Survey," Published in American Sociological Review, 47 (October, 1982), 569-586.
7. James A. Davis, "Americans View the Military: Public Opinion in 1982," NORC Report No. 131. Chicago: NORC,
April, 1983 (with Jennifer Lauby and Paul Sheatsley), ix, 121p. ($8.00)
8. Tom W. Smith, "Working Wives and Women's Rights: The Connection between the Employment Status of Wives and
the Feminist Attitudes of Husbands," GSS Technical Report No. 41, Chicago: NORC, 1983. Published in Sex Roles, 12
(1985), 501-508.
9. Tom W. Smith, "America's Religious Mosaic," Published in American Demographics, 6 (June, 1984), 18-23.
10. Tom W. Smith, "The Polls: Gender and Attitudes Towards Violence," Published in Public Opinion Quarterly, 48
(Spring, 1984), 384-396.
11. Peter V. Marsden, "The Discussion Network of the American Population," GSS Technical Report No. 59, Chicago:
NORC, 1985. Published in American Sociological Review, 52 (February, 1987), 122-131.
12. Tom W. Smith, "The Polls: Social Security," Published in Public Opinion Quarterly, 49 (Winter, 1985), 561-572 (with
Robert Y. Shapiro).
13. James A. Davis and Paul B, Sheatsley, "Americans View the Military: A 1984 Update," NORC Report No. 132,
Appendix T
Chicago: NORC, December, 1985, 108p. ($9.00)
14. Ronald S. Burt, "Strangers, Friends, and Happiness," GSS Technical Report No. 72, Chicago: NORC, Summer, 1986.
Published in Social Networks, 9 (1987), 311-331.
15. Tom W. Smith, "Strange Bedfellows? An Analysis of Attitudes towards Feminism and Pornography," Chicago: NORC,
February, 1987, 23p.
16. Lawrence Bobo and Franklin D. Gilliam, Jr., "Race, Sociopolitical Participation and Black Empowerment," Chicago:
NORC, October, 1988, 47p. Published in American Political Science Review, 84 (June, 1990), 377-393.
17. Andrew M. Greeley, Robert T. Michael, and Tom W. Smith, "A Most Monogamous People: Americans and Their
Sexual Partners," Chicago: NORC, May, 1989, 22p. Published in Society, 27 (July/Aug., 1990), 36-42.
18. Tom W. Smith, "Adult Sexual Behavior in 1989: Number of Partners, Frequency, and Risk," Chicago: NORC, 34p.
Published in Family Planning Perspectives, 23 (May/June, 1991), 102-107.
19. Tom W. Smith, "Ethnic Images," Chicago: NORC, November, 1990, 18p.
20. Lawrence Bobo and James R. Kluegel, "Economic- Versus Race-Targeted Policy: Public Opinion on the New Liberal
Welfare Agenda," Chicago: NORC, May, 1991, 42 p. Published as “Opposition to Race-Targeting; Self-Interest,
Stratification Ideology, or Racial Attitudes?” American Sociological Review, 58 (August, 1993), 443-464.
21. Lawrence Bobo and James R. Kluegel, "Modern American Prejudice: Stereotypes, Social Distance, and Perceptions of
Discrimination toward Blacks, Hispanics and Asians," Chicago: NORC, October, 1991, 62 p.
22. Tom W. Smith, "Changing Racial Labels: From Colored to Negro to Black to African American," Chicago: NORC,
February, 1992, 24p. Published in Public Opinion Quarterly 56 (Winter, 1992): 496-514.
23. Peter V. Marsden, Arne L. Kalleberg and Cynthia R. Cook, "Gender Differences in Organizational Commitment:
Influences of Work Positions and Family Roles," Chicago: NORC, May, 1992, 24p. Published in Work and Occupations,
20 (August, 1993), 368-390.
24. Arne L. Kalleberg and Peter V. Marsden, "Organizational Commitment and Job Performance in the U.S. Labor Force,"
Chicago: NORC, February, 1993, 45 p. Published in Research in the Sociology of Work, Vol. 5: The Meaning of Work,
edited by Richard L. Simson and Ida Harper Simpson (Greenwich, Conn: JAI Press, 1993).
25. Tom W. Smith, "American Sexual Behavior: Trends, Socio-Demographic Differences, and Risk Behavior," Chicago:
NORC, October 1993, 70p. Published in The Demography of Social Behavior, edited by Jayne Garrison, Mark D. Smith,
and Douglas Bersharov. Menlo Park, CA: Kaiser Family Foundation, 1994. Revised December, 1996, 97p. Revised
December, 1998, 117p.
26. Peter V. Marsden and Joseph F. Swingle, "Conceptualizing and Measuring Culture in Surveys: Values, Strategies, and
Symbols," Chicago: NORC, October 1993, 34p. Published in Poetics, 22 (1994) 269-289.
27. Paul DiMaggio and Bethany Bryson, "American's Attitudes towards Cultural Diversity and Cultural Authority: Culture
Wars, Social Closure, or Multiple Dimensions?" Chicago: NORC, January 1995, 58p.
28. Arne L. Kalleberg and William R. Kenan, Jr., "Part-Time Work and Workers in the United States: Correlates and Policy
Issues," Published in Washington and Lee Law Review, 52 (1995), 771-798.
29. Tom W. Smith, "Factors Relating to Misanthropy in Contemporary American Society," Chicago: NORC, June 1996, 38p.
Published in Social Science Research, 26 (1997), 170-196.
30. Paul DiMaggio and Hugh Louch, “Socially Embedded Consumer Transactions: For What Kinds of Purchases Do People
Use Networks Most?” Chicago: NORC, 1997, 48p. Published in American Sociological Review, 63 (October, 1998),
619-637.
31. Tom W. Smith, “Public Opinion on Prostitution: Trends, Comparisons, and Models,” Chicago: NORC, 1998, 26p.
32. Tom W. Smith, “Intergroup Relations in a Diverse Society: Data from the 2000 General Social Survey,” Chicago:
Appendix T
NORC, April, 2001, 102p.
33. Ellen L. Idler et al., “Measuring Multiple Dimensions of Religion and Spirituality for Health Research: Conceptual
Background and Findings from the 1998 General Social Survey,” Chicago: NORC, 2001, 40p.
34. Tom W. Smith, “Altruism in Contemporary America: A Report from the National Altruism Study,” Chicago: NORC,
2003.
35. Tom W. Smith, “Coming of Age in 21st Century America: Public Attitudes towards the Importance and Timing of
Transitions to Adulthood,” Chicago: NORC, 2003. Published in Ageing International 29 (2004), 136-148.
36. James A. Davis, “Age, Birth Cohort, Monotony, and Sex Frequency among US Adults in the NORC General Social
Surveys, 1989-2000,” Chicago: NORC, 2003, 35pp.
37. Tom W. Smith, “Spiritual and Religious Transformations in America: The National Spiritual Transformation Study,”
Chicago: NORC, 2005. Revised Version “The National Spiritual Transformation Study,” Journal for the Scientific Study
of Religion, 45 (2006), 283-296.
38. Tom W. Smith, “Altruism and Empathy in America: Trends and Correlates,” Chicago: NORC, 2005.
39. Tom W. Smith, “Intentional Undervotes in Presidential Elections, 1972-2000,” Chicago: NORC, 2005.
40. Tom W. Smith, “Troubles in America: A Study of Negative Life Events Across Time and Sub-Groups,” Chicago:
NORC, 2005.
41. Tom W. Smith, “Social Identity and Socio-Demographic Structure,” Chicago: NORC, 2006. Published in International
Journal of Public Opinion Research, 19 (2007), 380-390.
42. Tom W. Smith, “A Review of the Stouffer Civil Liberties Items on the General Social Survey,” Chicago: NORC, 2009.
43. Jibum Kim, Diane Lauderdale, and Jeong-han Kang, “The Culture of Poverty: Do Neighborhood Racial Composition
and Poverty Matter?” Chicago: NORC, 2010.
44. Jibum Kim, Tom W. Smith, and Jeong-han Kang. 2012. “ Religious Affiliation, Religiosity, and Mortality.” GSS
Topical Report No. 44, Chicago: NORC.
E. GSS Project Reports
1. Tom W. Smith, "Who, What, When, Where, and Why: An Analysis of Usage of the General Social Surveys, 1972-
1978," GSS Technical Report No. 12, Chicago: NORC, 1979, 13p.
2. Tom W. Smith, "Who, What, When, Where, and Why: An Analysis of Usage of the General Social Surveys,
1972-1978,” second edition, GSS Technical Report No. 19, Chicago: NORC, 1980, 13p.
3. Tom W. Smith, “The National Data Program for the Social Sciences,” Published in the Review of Public Data Use, 8
(December, 1980), 389-391.
4. Tom W. Smith, “An Analysis of GSS Usage among Sociologists,” GSS Technological Report No. 24, Chicago: NORC,
1981, 6p.
1972-1980," GSS Technical Report No. 27, Chicago: NORC, 1981, 13p.
6. James A. Davis, "Have We Learned Anything from the General Social Survey?" Published in Social Indicators
Newsletter, 17 (August 1982), (with Tom W. Smith), 1-2, 8-11.
1972-1982," GSS Technical Report No. 37, Chicago: NORC, December, 1982, 15p.
8. Tom W. Smith and Bruce L. Peterson, "A Summary Evaluation of GSS Questions, 1972-1983," GSS Technical Report
Appendix T
No. 47, Chicago: NORC, October, 1983, 18p.
9. Tom W. Smith, "The Role of the General Social Survey in the Social Sciences," Published in Survey Methods
Newsletter, 4 (Winter, 1983-84), 7-8.
10. Tom W. Smith, "Who, What, When, Where, and Why: An Analysis of Usage of the General Social Survey, 1972-1983,"
GSS Technical Report No. 48, Chicago: NORC, 1984, 15p.
11. Tom W. Smith, "An Analysis of the 1985 Survey of Users of the General Social Surveys," GSS Technical Report No. 65,
12. Tom W. Smith, "The International Social Survey Program," Published in Journal of Official Statistics, 2 (1986), 337-338.
Reprinted in European Political Data Newsletter, 63 (June, 1987), 10-12 Revised version published in Comparative
Public Opinion, 4 (1987), 2-3.
13. Tom W. Smith, "A Summary of Findings from the General Social Survey," GSS Technical Report No. 70, Chicago:
NORC, 1986, 28p.
14. Tom W. Smith, "Who, What, When, Where, and Why: An Analysis of Usage of the General Social Survey,
1972-1985," GSS Technical Report No. 68, Chicago: NORC, 1986, 17p.
15. Tom W. Smith, "Who, What, When, Where, and Why: An Analysis of Usage of the General Social Survey,
1972-1987," Chicago: NORC, July, 1988, 17p.
16. Tom W. Smith, "Who, What, When, Where, and Why: An Analysis of Usage of the General Social Survey, 1972-1989,"
17. Tom W. Smith, "The International Social Survey Program," Published in ICPSR Bulletin 11 (December, 1990): 1-2.
Revision in ASA Footnote, 20 (May 1992), 10; Journal of Official Statistic, 8 (1992), 235-239; and International Journal
of Public Opinion Research, 4 (Autumn, 1992), 275-278.
18. Tom W. Smith, "Who, What, When, Where, and Why: An Analysis of Usage of the General Social Survey, 1972-
1991," Chicago: NORC, 1992, 19p.
19. Tom W. Smith and K. Heaney, "Who, What, When, Where, and Why: An Analysis of the Usage on the General Social
Surveys, 1972-1993," Chicago: NORC, July 1995, 17p.
20. Tom W. Smith, "Who, What, When, Where, and Why: An Analysis of the Usage of the General Social Surveys, 1972-
1995," GSS Project Report No. 20, Chicago: NORC, 1996, 19p.
21. Tom W. Smith, "Tall Oaks from Small Acorns Grow: The General Socials, 1971-1997," Chicago: Published in The
Public Perspective, 8 (February/March, 1997), 28-30.
22. Tom W. Smith, “Who, What, When, Where, and Why: An Analysis of Usage of the General Social Survey, 1972-2000,”
Chicago: NORC, July, 2000, 19p.
23. Tom W. Smith, “Globalizing Survey Research: The International Social Survey Program,” Chicago: NORC, June, 2001,
6p. Published in The Public Perspective, 13 (January/February, 2002), 40-42.
24. Tom W. Smith, “A Generation of Data: The General Social Survey, 1972-2003” Chicago, NORC, 2003, 77pp.
25. Tom W. Smith, “Cross-National Survey Research: The Challenge and the Promise,” ICPSR Bulletin, 24 (Spring, 2004),
3-12.
26. Tom W. Smith, Seokho Kim, Kyle Tateyama, and Conor Looney, “An Analysis of GSS Research, 1972-2003,” Chicago:
NORC, 7pp.
27. Tom W. Smith, Jibum Kim, Achim Koch, and Alison Park, "Social-Science Research and the General Social Survey,"
ZUMA Nachrichten, 56 (2005), 68-77. Revised version in Comparative Sociology, 5 (2006), 33-44.
28. Tom W. Smith, “Repeated Cross-Sectional Research: The General Social Surveys,” in The Handbook of Longitudinal
Appendix T
Research, edited by Scott Menard. London: Elsevier, 2008.
29. Tom W. Smith, “General Social Survey,” in Encyclopedia of Survey Research Methodology, edited by Paul Lavrakas.
Newbury Park, CA: 2010.
30. Tom W. Smith, “International Social Survey Program,” in International Encyclopedia of Social and Behavioral Sciences,
edited by James Wright, forthcoming.
F. Other 2006-2010 GSS research by the project staff includes:
1. Tom W. Smith, “Age Differences in Social, Civic, and Media Variables, 1974-2004,” Report for CIRCLE, September,
2005.
2. Tom W. Smith, "Sexual Behavior in the United States," in Sex and Sexuality, edited by Richard D. McAnulty and M.
Michele Burnette. Westport, CT: Praeger Press, 2006.
3. Tom W. Smith, “Codes of Ethics and Standards in Survey Research,” Handbook of Public Opinion Research, edited by
Wolfgang Donsbach and Michael Traugott. London: Sage, 2007.
4. Tom W. Smith, Religion and Civic Engagement in the United States: 1972-2006,” Report prepared for the Heritage
Foundation, September, 2007.
5. Tom W. Smith, “Trust Context Effects on the 2006 General Social Survey,” unpublished NORC report, October, 2007.
6. Tom W. Smith, “An Analysis of Those Engaged in Injection Drug Use, 2000- 2006,” Report prepared for the Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention, October, 2007.
7. Peter V. Marsden, “Social Trends in the United States: Evidence from the General Social Survey, 1972-2006,” Annual
Seminar on Sociological and Political Research, Real ColegioComplutense, Harvard University, August, 2007.
8. Tom W. Smith, “Loving and Caring in America: Trends and Correlates of Empathy, Altruism, and Related Constructs,”
in The Science of Compassionate Love: Research, Theory, and Applications, edited by Lynn Underwood, Susan
Sprecher, and Beverly Fehr. New York: Blackwell, 2008.
9. Tom W. Smith, “National Opinion Research Center,” in Encyclopedia of Survey Research Methodology, edited by Paul
Lavrakas. Newbury Park, CA: 2008.
10. Tom W. Smith, “International Social Survey Program,” in Encyclopedia of Survey Research Methodology, edited by
Paul Lavrakas. Newbury Park, CA: 2008.
11. Tom W. Smith, “General Social Survey,” in Encyclopedia of the Life Course and Human Development, edited by
Deborah Carr. Detroit: Gale Research, 2008.
12. Vickie M. Mays, Tom W. Smith et al., “Self-Reported Altruistic and Reciprocal Behaviors among Homosexually and
Heterosexually Experienced Adults: Implications for HIV/AIDS Service Organizations,” unpublished report, UCLA
School of Public Health, January, 2008.
13. Tom W. Smith, “Religious Mobility in the United States: The Case of American Jews,” Report prepared for the
American Jewish Committee, March, 2008.
14. Natalia Melgar, Maximo Rossi, and Tom W. Smith, “The Perception of Corruption,” unpublished report, University of
Uruguay, March, 2008.
15. Natalia Melgar, Maximo Rossi, and Tom W. Smith, “Individual Attitudes towards Others: Misanthropy Analysis in a
Cross-country Perspective,” unpublished report, University of Uruguay, June, 2008.
16. Peter V. Marsden, “Trends in Informal Social Participation, 1974-2006,” Paper Presented to the International Sunbelt
Social Network Conference, St. Petersburg Beach, January, 2008.
Appendix T
17. Tom W. Smith, “The ISSP: History, Organisation, and Members,” in Global Social Attitudes, 1985-2005: Changes and
Persistence, edited by Max Haller, Roger Jowell, and Tom W. Smith. 2009
18. Tom W. Smith. “National Pride in Comparative Perspective,” in Global Social Attitudes, 1985-2005: Changes and
Persistence, edited by Max Haller, Roger Jowell, and Tom W. Smith. 2009.
19. Tom W. Smith, “Comparative Survey Research,” International Journal of Public Opinion Research, 21 (2009), 267-270.
20. Michael Hout and Andrew M. Greeley. 2009. “Interests, Values, and Party Identification between 1972 and 2006.” Pp.
57-82 in Evangelicals and Democracy in America, Volume II: Religion and Politics, edited by Steven Brint and Jean
Reith Schroedel. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
21. Marisa Bucheli, Natalia Melgar, Maximo Rossi, and Tom W. Smith, “Do Individual Characteristics Affect Job
Satisfaction? Is There a Significant Difference between Public and Private Employees,” unpublished report, University
of Uruguay, March, 2009.
22. Janet Harkness, Michael Braun, Brad Edwards, Timothy Johnson, Lars Lyberg, Peter Mohler, Beth-Ellen Pennell, and
Tom W. Smith, eds. Multinational, Multicultural, and Multiregional Survey Methods. New York: Wiley & Sons, 2010.
23. Bucheli, Marisa; Melgar, Natalia; Rossia, Maximo, “Job Satisfaction and the Individual Educational Level, Re-
Assessing Their Relationship,” Working Paper No. 11/10, University of the Republic, Uruguay, August, 2010.
24. Hout, Michael, Asaf Levanon, and Erin Chadworth. 2010. "Unemployment and the Jobs Picture in the Great Recession."
Forthcoming in The Great Recession, edited by David Grusky and Chris Weimer. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
25. Tom W. Smith and Jibum Kim “Paid Sick Days: Attitudes and Experiences,” Report prepared for the Public Welfare
Foundation, 2010.
26. Tom W. Smith, “An Evaluation of Spanish Questions on the 2006 and 2008 General Social Surveys,” in Surveying
Immigrants/Ethnic Minorities: Methodological Challenges and Research Strategies, edited by Monica Mendez Lago,
Amsterdam: IMISCOE-Amsterdam University Press, 2010.
27. Peter Muening, Jibum Kim, Thom Blaylock, and Tom W. Smith, “The General Social Survey-National Death Index: An
Innovative New Datatest for the Social Sciences,” unpublished report, 2010.
28. Marisa Bucheli, Natalia Melgar, Maximo Rossi, and Tom W. Smith, “Is Job Satisfaction U-shaped in the Individual
Educational Level?” Unpublished report, University of Uruguay, 2010.
29. Marsden, Peter V. and Sameer B. Srivastava. Forthcoming. "Trends in Informal Social Participation, 1974-2008." To
appear in SOCIAL TRENDS IN THE UNITED STATES, 1972-2006: Evidence from the General Social Survey, edited
by Peter V. Marsden. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
30. Hout, Michael, and Alexander Janus. 2011. "Educational Mobility in the United States Since 1930." Forthcoming in
Education, Opportunity, and Mobility, edited by Richard Murnane and Greg J. Duncan. Washington: Brookings
Institution.
31. Tom W. Smith, “Public Opinion,” in Concise Encyclopedia of Comparative Sociology, edited by Masamichi Sasaki.
Leiden: Brill, forthcoming.
32. Natalia Melgar, Maximo Rossi, and Tom W. Smith, “The Perception of Corruption in a Cross-country Perspective: Why
Are Some Individuals More Perceptive Than Others?” Aplicada/Brazilian Journal of Applied Economics, forthcoming.
33. Peter V. Marsden and Tom W. Smith. Forthcoming. “Appendix: The General Social Survey Project.” To appear in
SOCIAL TRENDS IN THE UNITED STATES, 1972-2006: Evidence from the General Social Survey, edited by Peter
V. Marsden. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
34. Peter V. Marsden and James D. Wright, eds. Handbook of Survey Research. Bingley, UK: Emerald, 2010.
35. Arne L. Kalleberg and Peter V. Marsden. Forthcoming. “Labor Force Insecurity and U.S. Work Attitudes, 1970s-2006.”
To appear in SOCIAL TRENDS IN THE UNITED STATES, 1972-2006: Evidence from the General Social Survey,
edited by Peter V. Marsden. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Appendix T
36. Kalleberg, Arne L. and Peter V. Marsden. Under Revision for invited resubmission. “Changing Work Values in the
United States, 1973-2006.”
Cross-country Perspective,” American Journal of Economics and Sociology, forthcoming.
38. Jibum Kim, Carl Gershenson, Patrick Glaeser, and Tom W. Smith, “Trends in Surveys on Surveys,” Public Opinion
Quarterly, 75, 165-191.
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Social Trends in American Life: Findings from the General Social Survey since 1972, edited by Peter V. Marsden.
Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2012.
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Appendix U
Appendix U. Variables by Year
YEAR
VARIABLE
72 73 74 75 76 77 78 80 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 93 94A 94B 96A 96B 98A 98B 00A00B 02A 02B 04A 04B 06A 06B 06C 08 10 12
ABANY X X X X X X X X 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
ABCARE X
ABCHOOSE 4
ABCON1 X
ABCON2 X
ABCON3 X
ABDEFCT1 4
ABDEFCTW 4 4 2
ABDEFECT X X X X X X X X X X X X X 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
ABFIRM X X
ABHAVE1 X
ABHAVE2 X
ABHAVE3 X
ABHLTH X X X X X X X X X X X X X 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
ABIMP X X
ABINFO X X
ABLEGAL X
ABNOMORE X X X X X X X X X X X X X 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
ABORCT X
ABORT12 1 4 4
ABPOOR X X X X X X X X X X X X X 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
ABPOOR1 4 4
ABPOORW 4 4 2
ABPRO1 X
ABPRO2 X
ABPRO3 X
ABRAPE X X X X X X X X X X X X X 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
ABROAD 4
ABSENT 4
ABSINGLE X X X X X X X X X X X X X 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
ABSPNO X
ACCNTSCI 2 2 4
ACCPTOTH 4 4 3
ACQASIAN 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
ACQATTND 4
ACQBLACK 4
ACQBRNDA 4
ACQCHILD 4
ACQCOHAB 4
ACQCON 4
ACQCOPS 4
ACQDEMS 4
ACQELECS 4
ACQFMASN 4
ACQFMBLK 4
ACQFMCOH 4
ACQFMCON 4
ACQFMGAY 4
ACQFMGO 4
ACQFMHME 4
ACQFMHSP 4
ACQFMLIB 4
ACQFMLIN 4
ACQFMMRK 4
ACQFMNO 4
ACQFMPRI 4
ACQFMUNE 4
ACQFMWHT 4
ACQGAY 4
ACQGOATT 4
ACQHISP 4
ACQHOME 4
ACQJANS 4
ACQJOSE 4
ACQKAREN 4
ACQKEITH 4
ACQKEVIN 4
ACQLAWS 4
ACQLIB 4
ACQLINDA 4
ACQMARIA 4
ACQMARK 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
ACQMILS 4
ACQMYRAC 4
ACQNHASN 4
ACQNHBLK 4
ACQNHCOH 4
ACQNHCON 4
ACQNHGAY 4
ACQNHGO 4
ACQNHHME 4
ACQNHHSP 4
ACQNHLIB 4
ACQNHLIN 4
ACQNHMRK 4
ACQNHNO 4
ACQNHPRI 4
ACQNHUNE 4
ACQNHWHT 4
ACQNOATT 4
ACQNTSEX 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
ACQPRISN 4
ACQRACHL 4
ACQREPS 4
ACQSHAWN 4
ACQSOCS 4
ACQUNEMP 4
ACQVAASN 4
ACQVABLK 4
ACQVACOH 4
ACQVACON 4
ACQVAGAY 4
ACQVAGO 4
ACQVAHME 4
ACQVAHSP 4
ACQVALIB 4
ACQVALIN 4
ACQVAMRK 4
ACQVANO 4
ACQVAPRI 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
ACQVAUNE 4
ACQVAWHT 4
ACQWHITE 4
ACQWKASN 4
ACQWKBLK 4
ACQWKCOH 4
ACQWKCON 4
ACQWKGAY 4
ACQWKGO 4
ACQWKHME 4
ACQWKHSP 4
ACQWKLIB 4
ACQWKLIN 4
ACQWKMRK 4
ACQWKNO 4
ACQWKPRI 4
ACQWKUNE 4
ACQWKWHT 4
ACTASSOC 4
ACTCHURH X
ACTFARM X
ACTFRAT X
ACTGREEK X
ACTHOBBY X
ACTLAW 4
ACTLIT X
ACTNAT X
ACTOTHER X
ACTPOLIT X
ACTPROF X
ACTSCHL X
ACTSERV X
ACTSPORT X
ACTUNION X
ACTUPSET 4 4 4
ACTVET X
ACTYOUTH X
ADCOU 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
ADCOUMED 4
ADDOC 4
ADDOCMED 4
ADFAM 4
ADFAMMED 4
ADFORJOB 4 8
ADHDCON 4
ADHDKNOW 4
ADHDKNW 4
ADHDMED 4
ADHDREAL 4
ADHOS 4
ADHOSMED 4
ADMIRBLK 4
ADOPTION 4
ADOPTKID 4
ADPSY 4
ADPSYMED 4
ADTCH 4
ADTCHMED 4
ADULTS X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
ADVANCES 4
ADVANTGE 4
ADVCFRND 1 4 4
ADVCHLD 1 4 4
ADVCOWRK 1 4 4
ADVFAM 1 4 4
ADVFRONT 2 2 4 3 4
ADVISOR1 X X 4
ADVISOR2 X X 4
ADVISOR3 X X 4
ADVISOR4 X 4
ADVISOR5 X 4
ADVLIB 1 4 4
ADVOFRND 1 4 4
ADVPAR 1 4 4
ADVSIB 1 4 4
ADVSP 1 4 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
ADVSRCH 4 4 4
ADVSTU 1 4 4
ADVSUP 1 4 4
ADVTCHR 1 4 4
AFAILURE 4 4
AFFACT 4
AFFCTLAW 4
AFFRMACT 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
AFTERLIF 4 4 2
AGAPE1 4
AGAPE2 4
AGAPE3 4
AGAPE4 4
AGE X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
AGE1 X 4
AGE2 X 4
AGE3 X 4
AGE4 X 4
AGE5 X 4
AGECMEUS 4
AGED X X X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
AGEEMP 4
AGEKDBRN 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
AGERBORN 4
AGERELEX 4
AGEWED X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 8
AGEWEDCR 4
AIDAVG X
AIDCOL 4 4 8
AIDHOUSE 4 4 8
AIDINDUS X 4 4 8
AIDKIDS 4
AIDNEEDY X
AIDOLD X 4 4 8
AIDSADS 4
AIDSAGE 4 4 4 4 4
AIDSAGE2 4 4 4 4
AIDSAGE3 4 4 4 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
AIDSDEAD 4 4 4 4 4
AIDSDED2 4 4 4 4
AIDSDED3 4 4 4 4
AIDSFARE 4
AIDSHLTH 4
AIDSIDS 4
AIDSINSR 4
AIDSKNOW 4 4 4 4 4
AIDSMAR 4
AIDSMART X
AIDSRAC2 4 4 4 4
AIDSRAC3 4 4 4 4
AIDSRACE 4 4 4 4 4
AIDSREG 4 4 4 4
AIDSREG2 4 4 4 4
AIDSREG3 4 4 4 4
AIDSSCH 4
AIDSSEX 4 4 4 4 4
AIDSSEX2 4 4 4 4
AIDSSEX3 4 4 4 4
AIDSSXED 4
AIDSWHO 4 4 4 4 4
AIDSWHO2 4 4 4 4
AIDSWHO3 4 4 4 4
AIDUNEMP X 4 4 4 8
AIMOFART 4 4
ALIENAT1 X
ALIENAT2 X
ALIENAT3 X
ALIENAT4 X
ALIENAT5 X
ALIENAT6 X
ALIKE1 4 4
ALIKE2 4 4
ALIKE3 4 4
ALIKE4 4 4
ALIKE5 4 4
ALIKE6 4 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
ALIKE7 4 4
ALIKE8 4 4
ALLBEN 4
ALLERGIC 4
ALLHRT 4
ALLOFLFE 4
ALLOWCOM 1
ALLOWMAR 1
ALLOWRAC 1
AMANCSTR 4
AMBETTER 4 4
AMBORNIN 4 4
AMCHRSTN 4 4
AMCIT 4 4
AMCITIZN 4 4
AMCULT 4 4
AMENGLSH 4 4
AMFEEL 4 4
AMGOVT 4 4
AMICABLE X X X X X X
AMICABLY X X X
AMICABLZ X
AMIMP 4
AMISSUE 4
AMISSUE1 4
AMLIVED 4 4
AMOWNWAY 4 4
AMPROGRN 4
AMPROUD 4
AMPROUD1 4
AMRANK 4
AMSHAMED 4 4
AMSPORTS 4 4
AMTV 4 4
ANCESTRS 2
ANGRLAST 4
ANGRY 4
ANGRYEV 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
ANGRYFAM 4
ANGRYGVT 4
ANGRYWHY 4
ANGRYWRK 4
ANHEAT 4
ANOMIA1 X X X
ANOMIA2 X X X
ANOMIA3 X X X
ANOMIA4 X X X
ANOMIA5 X X X X X X X X X 3 3 3 3 3 3
ANOMIA6 X X X X X X X X X 3 3 3 3 3 3
ANOMIA7 X X X X X X X X X 3 3 3 3 3 3 8
ANOMIA8 X X X
ANOMIA9 X X X
ANRIGHTS 4 4
ANSCITST 4
ANTESTS 4 4 4
ANTIREL 4
ANTIWAR X
ANXIOUS 4
ANYDOC 4
APPEMPS 4 8
ARCHITCT 2
ARREST X X X X X X X 4
ART30 1 4 4 4 2
ARTGN 1 4
ARTGOD 4
ARTINFO 1 4 4
ARTISTS 4
ARTMUS1 1 4 4
ARTMUS2 1 4 4
ARTMUS3 1 4 4
ARTSCHAT 1 4 4
ARTSCHNG 1 4 4
ARTSEALS 2 2
ARTSHR 1 4 4
ARTSMIN 1 4 4
ARTSNEW 1 4 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
ARTVIEW 1 4 4
ASHAMED 4
ASKCOMP 4
ASKCRIME 4 4 4 4
ASKDRINK 4 4 4 4
ASKDRUGS 4 4 4 4
ASKELSE 4
ASKFINAN 4 4 4 4
ASKFORGN 4 4 4 4
ASKFRBIZ 4
ASKFRTRV 4
ASKHELP 4 8
ASKMENTL 4 4 4 4
ASKOTHER 4 4
ASKSEXOR 4 4 4 4
ASKWKSCH 4
ASKWORK 1 4 4
ASNCHNG 4
ASNCLS 4
ASNCOM 4
ASNGOVT 4
ASNHOUSE 4
ASNJOBS 4
ASNREL 4
ASNSCHL 4
ASNWRK 4
ASTROLGY 2 2 3 4
ASTROSCI 2 2 4 3 4
ATEASE 4
ATHLETIC 4 4
ATTEND X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
ATTEND12 4 4 2
ATTENDMA 4 4 2
ATTENDPA 4 4 2
ATTNDGRP X
ATTRACTD 4
ATTRALLY 4
ATTREG 3 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
ATTRELIG 3 4
ATTSPRTS 4
ATTWEEK 3
AUTOMATN 4 4
AUTONOJB 4
AUTORACE 4
AVOIDBUY 4
AVOIDMH 4
AWAY1 X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
BABIES X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
BACKPAIN 4 4 4 4 4
BADBRKS 4
BADCHAR 4
BALLOT 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4
BALNEG 2 2 4 3 2
BALPOS 2 2 4 3 2
BALWKFAM 4
BASEOFOP 4
BEAUSPRT 4 4
BEFAIR 4 4
BELIEVE 4 4
BELIKEUS 4 4
BELTUP X
BELVEDOC 4
BEPLESNT 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
BESTFRD 4
BETTROWN 4
BETRLANG 4 4 4 4 4
BIBLE X X X 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
BIBLE1 4 4 2
BIBLEY X X X
BIG5A1 8
BIG5A2 8
BIG5B1 8
BIG5B2 8
BIG5C1 8
BIG5C2 8
BIG5D1 8
BIG5D2 8
BIG5E1 8
BIG5E2 8
BIGBAND 4
BIGBANG 2 2 4 3
BIGBANG1 2
BILINGED 4
BIOSCI 2 2 2
BIRTHMO X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
BIZBSTGM 2 2
BIZBSTNK 3
BIZBSTTX 2 2 3
BIZBSTGW 2 2 3
BIZGROSS 4
BIZNUKE 3
BIZINFGM 2 2
BIZINFGW 2 2 3
BIZINFNK 3
BIZINFTX 2 2 3
BIZPEOP 4
BIZSHARE 4
BLESSNGS 4
BLKCHNG 4
BLKCLS 4
BLKCOL 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
BLKCOM 4
BLKGAINS X
BLKGOVT 4
BLKHOUSE 4
BLKINFLU X
BLKJOBS 4
BLKREL 4
BLKSCHL 4
BLKSCHS 4
BLKSIMP 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
BLKWHITE 4 4 4 4 4
BLKWRK 4
BLKZONE 4
BLNUMOK X X X
BLNUMOKY X
BLUES 4
BLUGRASS 4
BMITZVAH 4 4
BOOKMARK 1 4 4
BOOKS16 4
BORED X 2
BOREDOM 4
BORN X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
BORNHOME 4 4
BORNSP 4
BORROW1 X
BORROW1A 4
BORROW2 X
BORROW2A 4
BORROWED 4
BOSSEMPS 4 4 8 4
BOSSWRKS 4
BOYCOTT 4
BOYORGRL 4 4 4 3 2
BRASS X
BRAZIL X X X X X X
BREAKDWN 4 4
BRIBE 8
Appendix U
VARIABLE
BRKDAS1 4
BRKDAS2 4
BRKDDO1 4
BRKDDO2 4
BRKDDO3 4
BRKDDUR 4
BRKDHLP1 4
BRKDHLP2 4
BRKDHLP3 4
BRKDIMP1 4
BRKDIMP2 4
BRKDIMP3 4
BRKDOTH 4
BRKDSYM1 4
BRKDSYM2 4
BRKDSYM3 4
BRKDTIME 4
BRKDWHY1 4
BRKDWHY2 4
BRKDWHY3 4
BROCALL X
BRONUM X
BROTIME X
BROVISIT X
BROWSER1 4
BROWSER2 4
BROWSER3 4
BSTCALL 4
BSTVISIT 4
BTHGRP1A 4
BTHGRP1B 4
BTHGRP1C 4
BTHGRP1D 4
BTHGRP1E 4
BTHGRP1F 4
BTHGRP2A 4
BTHGRP2B 4
BTHGRP2C 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
BTHGRP2D 4
BTHGRP2E 4
BTHGRP2F 4
BTHGRP3A 4
BTHGRP3B 4
BTHGRP3C 4
BTHGRP3D 4
BTHGRP3E 4
BTHGRP3F 4
BTHGRP4A 4
BTHGRP4B 4
BTHGRP4C 4
BTHGRP4D 4
BTHGRP4E 4
BTHGRP4F 4
BTHGRP5A 4
BTHGRP5B 4
BTHGRP5C 4
BTHGRP5D 4
BTHGRP5E 4
BTHGRP5F 4
BUGGING 4
BURGLR X X X X X X X X X 3 3 3 3 3 3
BUSDECID 4 4 4 1
BUSGRN 1
BUSING X X X X X X X X X X 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 1
BUSING10 X
BUSPOW X 4 4
BUSTAX X
BUYAUTO 4
BUYBED 4
BUYFIXES 4
BUYHOME 4
BUYINF12 1 4 4 4
BUYINFGN 1 4
BUYIT12 1 4 4 4
BUYLAW 4
BUYPOL 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
BUYTHNGS 4
BUYVALUE 4 4
BWFRIEND 4
BYEMAIL 1 4 4 2
BYEMPROB 4 4
BYPHONE 1 4 4 2
CALLCOMP 1 4
CALM 4
CAMPING 4
CAMWRK 4
CANADA X X X X X X X 1 1 1 1 1 1
CANINF1 1 4
CANINF10 1 4
CANINF11 1 4
CANINF12 1 4
CANINF13 1 4
CANINF14 1 4
CANINF2 1 4
CANINF3 1 4
CANINF4 1 4
CANINF5 1 4
CANINF6 1 4
CANINF7 1 4
CANINF8 1 4
CANINF9 1 4
CANTRUST 4 4 2
CAPFIRM X
CAPIMP X
CAPINFO X
CAPPUN X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
CAPPUN2 X X
CARBUY1 4
CARBUYA 4
CARBUYB 4
CARBUYC 4
CARBUYD 4
CARBUYE 4
CARBUYF 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
CARBUYG 4
CARDEALR 4
CARDO 4
CARECOST 1
CAREGRP X
CAREMOST 2 2 3
CAREPROV 1
CARESELF 4 4 1
CARESICK 4
CARESIK1 4 1
CARPRIVT 4
CARRIED 4 4 3
CARRIGHT 4
CARSFAM 4 4 4
CARSGEN 4 4 4 1
CARSTEN 4 4
CATDRCTY 1 4 4
CATHID 4 4 4
CATHSCH 4 4 4
CATHTEMP X 4 1 2
CHANGE1 X 4
CHANGE2 X 4
CHANGED1 4
CHANGED2 4
CHANGED3 4
CHARACTR 4 4
CHARISMA 4 4
CHAT12 1 4 4
CHATHR 1 4 4
CHATMIN 1 4 4
CHEMBAL 4
CHEMFAM 4 4
CHEMFREE 4 4 1
CHEMGEN 4 4 4 1
CHILD1 X X 4
CHILD2 X X 4
CHILD3 X X 4
CHILD4 X 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
CHILD5 X 4
CHILDREN 4
CHILDS X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
CHINA X X X X X X X 1 1 1 1 1 1
CHKFINAN 4 4 4
CHKONJOB 4
CHKOTHER 4
CHKSPFIN 4 4
CHKTAXES 4 4
CHKTRAVL 4
CHLDBEN 4
CHLDCARE 4 4
CHLDDTH X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2
CHLDEDUC 4
CHLDFRND 4
CHLDHLP 4
CHLDHLTH 4
CHLDHOME 4
CHLDHRT 4
CHLDIDEL X X X X X X X X X X 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
CHLDLOVE 4
CHLDMORE X X X X X X X X X X 1 1 1 1 1 1
CHLDMORL 4
CHLDNUM X X X X X X X X X X 1 1 1 1 1 1
CHLDPRB 4
CHLDPROB 4
CHLDSAFE 4
CHLDSCH 4
CHLDSEX X
CHLDSEX1 X
CHLDSKLS 4
CHLDSOON X X X X X X X X
CHLDSUP 4
CHLDTIME 4
CHLDVIG 4
CHNANG1 4
CHNANG10 4
CHNANG11 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
CHNANG12 4
CHNANG13 4
CHNANG14 4
CHNANG15 4
CHNANG16 4
CHNANG2 4
CHNANG3 4
CHNANG4 4
CHNANG5 4
CHNANG6 4
CHNANG7 4
CHNANG8 4
CHNANG9 4
CHNGEORG 4
CHNGEOTH 4
CHNGRBRN 4
CHNGREL 4
CHNGTME 4 4 4 4
CHNGWORK 4
CHOICE 4
CHOICES 4
CHORES1 X
CHORES2 X
CHOSEDOC 4 4
CHRISSCH 4 4 4
CHURCHTX 4
CHURHACT 4
CHURHGRP X
CHURHMEM 4
CHURHPOW 4 4
CHURHSCH 4 4 4 4
CIDEAGE 4 4 4
CIDEAGE2 4 4
CIDEAGE3 4 4
CIDEKNEW 4 4 4
CIDERAC2 4 4
CIDERAC3 4 4
CIDERACE 4 4 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
CIDEREG 4 4
CIDEREG2 4 4
CIDEREG3 4 4
CIDESEX 4 4 4
CIDESEX2 4 4
CIDESEX3 4 4
CIDEWHO 4 4 4
CIDEWHO2 4 4
CIDEWHO3 4 4
CIGWEEK X
CITIZEN 4 4
CITVIEWS 4
CIVIC X
CIVRIGHT X
CLASS X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
CLASSICL 4
CLASSICS 4
CLASSY X
CLEAN X X X X X X
CLEAN1 4
CLEANY X X X
CLEANZ X
CLERGGOV 4 4 2
CLERGVTE 4 4 2
CLONING 3
CLOSE12 X 4
CLOSE13 X 4
CLOSE14 X 4
CLOSE15 X 4
CLOSE23 X 4
CLOSE24 X 4
CLOSE25 X 4
CLOSE34 X 4
CLOSE35 X 4
CLOSE45 X 4
CLOSEBLK 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
CLOSEWHT 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
CLOSRGOD 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
CLRGGEN1 4
CLRGGEN2 4
CLRGGEN3 2
CLRGMAR1 4
CLRGMAR2 4
CLRGMAR3 2
CLRGMODE 4
CLRGSEX1 4
CLRGSEX2 4
CLRGSEX3 2
CLSCLSEX 4
CLSENEI 4
CLSENOAM 4 4
CLSESTAT 4 4
CLSETOWN 4 4
CLSEUSA 4 4
CMPRGMNG 2
CMPVIRUS 1 4
CNTCTGOV 4
CNTRLIFE 4 4 4
COHABFST 4 4 4
COHABIT 4 4
COHABOK 4 4 4 1
COHORT X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4
COJAIL X
COLAFF 4
COLAFFY 4
COLATH X X X X X X X X X X 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
COLCOM X X X X X X X X X X 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
COLDEG1 2 2 4 3 2
COLHOMO X X X X X X X X X 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
COLMAJR1 4
COLMAJR2 4
COLMIL X X X X X X X 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
COLMSLM 3 3 3
COLOP X
COLOR X
COLRAC X X X X X X X 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
Appendix U
VARIABLE
COLSCI 2 2 4 3 3
COLSCINM 2 2 4 3 3
COLSOC X X X
COMAMIND 4
COMASN 4
COMBLK 4
COMDATA 4
COMEMAIL 4
COMFORT 2
COMHISP 4
COMJEWS 4
COMKNOWS 4
COMMUN X X X X X X X X X 3 3 3 3 3 3
COMMUN10 X
COMMUTE X
COMORSCI 2 2 3
COMPELSE 1 4
COMPFIN 4
COMPFRI 1 4
COMPHOME 1 4
COMPLIB 1 4
COMPORN 4
COMPOTH 1 4 4
COMPPERF 4 4 4 4
COMPREND X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
COMPSCHL 1 4
COMPUSE 1 4 4 4 2 1 1
COMPWAGE 4 4
COMPWORK 1 4
COMSNOOP 4
COMSTEAL 4
COMSYS 4
COMTYPE 4 4 4
COMWHT 4
COMYEAR 4
CONAGE 4
CONARMY X X X X X X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
CONARMYY X
Appendix U
VARIABLE
CONBIZ 4 4 2
CONBUS X X X X X X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
CONBUSY X
CONCHURH 4 4 2
CONCLASS X 4
CONCLERG X X X X X X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
CONCLERY X
CONCONG 4 4 2
CONCOURT 4 4 2
CONDEMND 4 4 4 4 4
CONDOM 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
CONDRIFT 2 2 4 3 2
CONEDUC X X X X X X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
CONEDUCY X
CONFED X X X X X X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
CONFEDY X
CONFINAN X X X X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
CONFINAY X
CONGETH 4
CONGHLP1 4
CONGHLP2 4
CONGHRM1 4
CONGHRM2 4
CONGOVT 4
CONINC 4 4 4 4 4
CONJOBS X
CONJUDGE X X X X X X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
CONJUDGY X
CONLABOR X X X X X X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
CONLABOY X
CONLEGIS X X X X X X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
CONLEGIY X
CONMEDIC X X X X X X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
CONMEDIY X
CONOFFCL 4
CONPRESS X X X X X X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
CONPRESY X
CONRINC 4 4 4 4 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
CONROCK 4
CONSCHLS 4 4 2
CONSCI X X X X X X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
CONSCIY X
CONSENT 4 4
CONSIDER X X X X X X
CONSIDEY X X X
CONSIDEZ X
CONSOC 4
CONTACT 1 4 4
CONTBLK 4
CONTCHN 4
CONTCUBA 4
CONTEMP X 4 1
CONTENG 4
CONTENTD 4
CONTIRSH 4
CONTITL 4
CONTJEW 4
CONTJPN 4
CONTMEX 4
CONTMSLM 4
CONTPR 4
CONTROL X X X X X X
CONTROLY X X X
CONTROLZ X
CONTV X X X X X X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
CONTVN 2 2
CONTVY X
CONUNION X 4
CONURBAN X
CONVICTD 4
CONWLTH X 4
COOK30 1 4 4 4 2
COOKING1 4 1
COOP X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
COOP2 X
COPE1 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
COPE2 4
COPE3 4
COPE4 4
COPE5 4
COPE6 4
COPUNISH X
CORRUPT 4
CORRUPT1 8
CORRUPT2 8
CORRUPTN 4
COUNSEL1 4
COUNSEL2 4
COUNSEL3 2
COUNTRY 4 4
COURTS X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
COURTSY X X
COUSINS 4
COWORK1 X X 4
COWORK2 X X 4
COWORK3 X X 4
COWORK4 X 4
COWORK5 X 4
COWRKERS 4 4 8
COWRKFRD 4
COWRKHLP 4 4 4 4 4
COWRKHRD 4 4 4 4
COWRKINT 4 4 4 4 4
COWRKREL 4
CRACK30 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
CREATION 4
CREATOR X X
CRELESSE 4
CRIMDOWN 4
CRIMFIRM X
CRIMHOLD X 4
CRIMIMP X
CRIMINFO X
CRIMREAD X 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
CRIMTAIL X 4
CRIMTAP X 4
CRIMUP 4
CRTRHEAL X X X
CSHUTYP06 4 4
CSHUTYP08 4 4
CSHUTYP10 4
CUREMPYR 4
CURWKPAY 8
CUSSUP 4
CUTAHEAD 4 4 3
CUTDEBT 4
CUTGOVT X 4 4 8
CUTHOURS X 4 4 8
CUTSPDFG X
CUTSPDR X
DAILY 4 4
DAILYWRK 8
DANCE 4 4 4
DANGER 4 4 8
DANGROTH 4 4
DANGRSLF 4 4
DATABANK X 4 8
DATEFRST 4
DATEINTV X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4
DATESCH 4
DAUCALL X
DAUNUM X
DAUTIME X
DAUVISIT X
DAYCARE1 4
DAYCARE2 4
DAYCARE3 4
DAYCARE4 4
DAYCARE5 4
DAYNIGHT 4
DEATH16 X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2
DEATH5 X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2
Appendix U
VARIABLE
DEATHPEN 4
DECAUTO 4
DECBED 4
DECBIBLE 4
DECCHURH 4
DECGIFT 4
DECKIDS 4 1
DECMONEY 4 4
DECOTHS 4
DECSELF 4
DECSORGS 4
DECTREAT 4 4
DEFSPDFG X
DEFSPDR X
DEFWRKEV X
DEFWRKNW X
DEGREE X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
DEJAVU X 4 1
DEM10FUT 4
DEM10PST 4
DEMANDS 4
DEMRGHTS 4
DEMTODAY 4
DEMWORKS 4
DENKID 4 4 2
DENOM X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
DENOM16 X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
DENOMSCH 4 4
DENSP 4 4 2
DENYRAIS 4
DEPNDABL 4 4
DEPTPERF 4 4 4 4
DEVIL 4
DIDLESSE 4
DIDLESSP 4
DIFFCARE 4 4
DIFRACE1 4
DIFRACE2 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
DIFRACE3 4
DIFSTAND 4 4 4
DINNER 4
DIPGED 4
DIRECTNS 4 4 3
DISABLD1 13 13
DISABLD2 13 13
DISABLD3 13 13
DISABLD4 13 13
DISABLD5 13 13
DISABLD6 13 13
DISABLD7 13 13
DISCAFF 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
DISCAFFM 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
DISCAFFW 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
DISCAFFY 4
DISCIPLN 4
DISCPOL 4
DISCWHY1 4
DISCWHY2 4
DISCWHY3 4
DISCWHY4 4
DISCWHY5 4
DISCWHY6 4
DIVBEST 4 4 1
DIVHUBBY 4
DIVIFKD1 4
DIVIFKID 4
DIVKIDS 4
DIVLAW X X X X X X X X X 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
DIVLAWY X
DIVNOKD1 4
DIVNOKID 4
DIVNOW 4
DIVORCE X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
DIVORCE5 X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2
DIVREL1 X X X X
DIVREL4 X X X X
Appendix U
VARIABLE
DIVWIFE 4
DK 4
DOC1 4
DOC10 4
DOC11 4
DOC12 4
DOC13 4
DOC14 4
DOC15 4 4
DOC15A 4
DOC16 4 4
DOC16A 4
DOC17 4
DOC18 4 4
DOC18A 4
DOC19 4 4
DOC19A 4
DOC2 4
DOC20 4 4
DOC20A 4
DOC3 4
DOC4 4
DOC5 4
DOC6 4
DOC7 4
DOC8 4
DOC9 4
DOCASKME 4 4
DOCCOSTS 4 4
DOCDECID 4 4
DOCINFO 4 4
DOCLIST 4
DOCNOMRI 4 4
DOCRELY 4 4
DOCSAT 4 4
DOCSUI 4
DOCSWTCH 4 4
DOCVIG 4 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
DOINGDYS 4 4
DOINGFIN 4 4
DOINGTRN 4 4
DONE911A 3
DONE911B 3
DONE911C 3
DONE911D 3
DONE911E 3
DONE911F 3
DONE911G 3
DONE911H 3
DONE911I 3
DONE911J 3
DONE911K 3
DONE911L 3
DONE911M 3
DONE911N 3
DONEELSE 3
DONOTHNG 4 4 4 4
DOONOWN 1 4 4
DOSELF 4
DOSPORTS 4
DOTDATA X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4
DOTGED X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4
DOTPEOP X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4
DOTPRES X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4
DOTSVP X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4
DOTTHNG X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4
DOUBTS1 4
DOUBTS2 4 4
DOUBTS3 4 4
DOUBTS4 4
DOWELL 4
DOWN1 X
DOWN1A 4
DOWN2 X
DOWN2A 4
DOWNBLUE 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
DOWNCURE 5
DOWNFAM 5
DOWNFEEL 5
DOWNLOAD 1 4 4 4 4
DOWNQOL 5
DOWNRELY 5
DRAFT X X X 8
DRAFTCO X
DRAFTCOL X
DRAFTDEF X
DRAFTEM X X X
DRAFTFE X X X
DRAFTFEM X X X
DRAFTGAY X
DRAFTMAR X
DRAFTPAR X
DRAMA 4 4 4
DRCTLINK 1 4 4
DRINK X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2
DRINK1 4
DRINK12 4
DRINK3 4
DRINK5 4
DRINK6UP 4
DRINK8 4
DRINKDAY 4
DRINKMAX 4
DRINKMIN 4
DRINKYR 4
DRIVLESS 4 4 4 1
DRUGTEST 4 4 4
DRUNK X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2
DWELCITY X X X
DWELL5 4 4
DWELLING X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
DWELNGH X X X
DWELOWN X X X 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
EARNDES 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
EARNMORE 4
EARNRS X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
EARNSHH 4
EARNSMOR 4 4
EARTHSUN 2 2 4 3 2
EASYGET 4 4 4 4
EATGM 2 2
EATOUT 3 4
ECOAGREE 2 2 3
ECOBSTTX 2 2 3
ECOINFTX 2 2 3
ECOMHRH 1
ECOMHRO 1
ECOMHRW 1
ECOMMINH 1
ECOMMINO 1
ECOMMINW 1
ECON12 1 4 4
ECONFUTR 4
ECONGRN 4 3
ECONPAST 4
ECONSCI 2 2 2
ECONSUP 4 8
ECONSYS 4
EDCSKILL 4
EDDONE 4
EDDONE1 4
EDUC X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
EDUC1 X 4
EDUC2 X 4
EDUC3 X 4
EDUC30 1 4 4 4 2
EDUC4 X 4
EDUC5 X 4
EDUCEMP 4
EDUCOP X
EFF911A 3
EFF911B 3
Appendix U
VARIABLE
EFF911C 3
EFF911D 3
EFF911E 3
EFF911F 3
EFF911G 3
EFF911H 3
EFF911I 3
EFF911J 3
EFF911K 3
EFF911L 3
EFF911M 3
EFF911N 3
EFFORT 4
EGOMEANS 4 4 2
EGYPT X X X X X X X 1 1 1 1 1 1
EHARASWK 4
ELDCOST 1
ELDERSUP 1
ELDHELP 1
ELECFAIR 4
ELECTRON 2 2 4 3 2
ELECVOTE 4
EMAILHME 4
EMAILHR 1 4 4 4 2 1 1
EMAILLNK 4
EMAILMIN 1 4 4 4 2 1 1
EMAILWRK 4
EMAILYR 4 4
EMBARRSS 4
EMCHURCH 1 4
EMFAMLOC 1 4
EMFAMOTH 1 4
EMFRI 1 4
EMGET 1 4
EMGETP 1 4
EMGROUPS 1 4
EMHRH 1 4 4
EMHRO 1 4 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
EMHRW 1 4 4
EMMINH 1 4 4
EMMINO 1 4 4
EMMINW 1 4 4
EMOTCURE 7
EMOTEOTH 4
EMOTFAM 7
EMOTFEEL 7
EMOTQOL 7
EMOTRELY 7
EMPATHY1 4 4
EMPATHY2 4 4
EMPATHY3 4 4
EMPATHY4 4 4
EMPATHY5 4 4
EMPATHY6 4 4
EMPATHY7 4 4
EMPHLTH 4
EMPHLTH1 4
EMPHLTH2 4
EMPHPLAN 4
EMPINPUT 4 4
EMPLOYER 4 4
EMPSELF 4 4 8
EMPTRAIN 4 4
EMPYEARS 4
EMSENT 1 4
EMSENTP 1 4
EMWRKAWY 1 4
EMWRKLOC 1 4
ENERGY 4
ENGAGRNK 3
ENGBALLT 4
ENGBRNG 2
ENGBSTNK 3
ENGBTR 2
ENGDA 2
ENGDO 2
Appendix U
VARIABLE
ENGLAND X X X X X X
ENGDGR 2
ENGEARN 2
ENGFUN 2
ENGGOOD 2
ENGINT 2
ENGLISH 4
ENGLONE 2
ENGNRING 2
ENGNRSCI 2 2 2
ENGNUKE 3
ENGODD 2
ENGOFF1 4
ENGOFFCL 4
ENGPROB 2
ENGREL 2
ENGSON 2
ENGRESP 2
ENGTEACH 4
ENGTHRTN 4
ENGUNITE 4
ENGVOTE 4
ENHINFNK 3
ENPRBFAM 1
ENPRBUS 1
ENTITY 4
ENVIRO12 1 4 4
EQCLOSE X X
EQINCOME X 4 4 4 4
EQTREAT 4
EQUAL1 X
EQUAL2 X
EQUAL3 X
EQUAL4 X
EQUAL5 X
EQUAL6 X
EQUAL7 X
EQUAL8 X
Appendix U
VARIABLE
EQUALIZE X 4 4 4 4 8
EQWLTH X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1
EQWLTHY X
ERA X X 4
ERAFIRM X
ERAIMP X
ERAINFO X
ERAMEANS X X
ERAREAD X X
ERATELL X
ERAWHY1 X
ERAWHY2 X
ERAWHY3 X
EROSION 4
ESP X 4 1
ETH1 X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
ETH2 X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
ETH3 X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
ETHADAPT 4 4
ETHCHNG 4
ETHCLOSE 4 4
ETHDIFF 4 4
ETHHIST 4
ETHID 4
ETHID1 4
ETHIGNOR 4 4
ETHIMP 4 4
ETHISSU1 4
ETHISSUE 4
ETHNIC X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4
ETHNOFIT 4 4
ETHNUM X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
ETHORGS 4
ETHSAME 4 4
ETHSPKNO 4
ETHSPKOK 4
ETHTRADS 4 4
EVBRKDWN 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
EVBUYHME 4
EVCRACK 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
EVDIV 4 4
EVDRINK 4
EVDWELL 4 4
EVHARJB 4 4
EVIDU 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
EVJOB 4 8
EVKID 4
EVLOSEJB 4 4
EVMHP 4
EVNEGJOB 4 4
EVOLVED 2 2 4 3 2
EVOLVED1 2
EVPAIDSX 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
EVSMOKE X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2
EVSTRAY 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
EVUNEMP 4
EVWORK X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
EXCELART 4
EXCITED 4
EXCLDIMM 4 4
EXECRNK 4
EXPCHNG1 4
EXPCHNG2 4
EXPCHNG3 4
EXPDESGN 2 2 3 2
EXPERNC 4
EXPLOIT 8
EXPTEXT 2 2 4 3 2
EXPTRAIN 4
EXPUNPOP 4
EXTINCT 2 2 3
EXTR2001 4 4
EXTR2005 4 4
EXTRA1 2 4
EXTRA2 2 4
EXTRAPAY 4 4 4 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
EXTRAVAL 4 4 4 4
EXTRAYR 4 4 4 4
EZINES 4
FAILURE 4 4 4
FAIR X X X X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
FAIR5 1
FAIRASNS 4
FAIRBLKS 4
FAIREARN 4 4 4 4 4
FAIRHSPS 4
FAIRHWRK 4
FAIRJEWS 4
FAIRWHTS 4
FAITH1 4
FAITH2 4 4
FAITH3 4 4
FAITH4 4
FAMASNS 4
FAMBIZ 4
FAMBLKS 4
FAMBUDGT 4 4
FAMDIF16 X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
FAMFINAN 4
FAMGEN X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
FAMHSPS 4
FAMILY16 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
FAMINTJB 8
FAMJEWS 4
FAMLIFE 4
FAMPER1 4 4
FAMPER2 4 4
FAMPER3 4 4
FAMPER4 4 4
FAMPER5 4 4
FAMPER6 4 4
FAMRESP 4
FAMRNK 4
FAMSUFFR 4 4 4 4 4 1
Appendix U
VARIABLE
FAMVSWK 4 4 4 4 4 1
FAMVSWK1 1
FAMVSWRK 4
FAMWHTS 4
FAMWKBST 1
FAMWKLST 1
FAMWKOFF 4 4 4 4 4
FAREASNS 4
FAREBLKS 4
FAREHSPS 4
FAREJEWS 4
FARESO 4
FAREWHTS 4
FARMING 2
FATALISM 4 4 2
FATHER X X
FE12 1 4 4
FEAR X X X X X X X X X 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
FEARFUL 4
FEARHOME X
FEBEAR X 4
FEBRASS X
FECARE X
FECHLD X X X 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
FECLERGY X
FECOLOP X
FEDIRTY X
FEDTRUST X 4
FEELASNS 4 4
FEELBLKS 4 4
FEELEVEL 4 4 4
FEELGOD 4 4
FEELHSPS 4 4
FEELREL 4 4 2
FEELWHTS 4
FEEUSED 4 4 4
FEFAM X X X 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
FEFIGHT X
Appendix U
VARIABLE
FEFIRM X
FEGAINS X
FEGIVE X
FEHELP X X X 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 1
FEHIRE 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
FEHLPBUS X
FEHLPCOL X
FEHLPJOB X
FEHLPMIL X
FEHOME X X X X X X X X 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
FEIMP X 4
FEINC X
FEINFLU X
FEINFO X
FEJOBAFF 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
FEJOBIND 4 4 4
FEJOBOP X
FEJOIN X
FEKIDS1 4
FEKIDS2 4
FEKIDS3 4
FEKIDS4 4
FEKIDS5 4
FELESS1 4
FELESS2 4
FELESS3 4
FEMARRY 4
FEMILOP X
FEMINIST 4
FENEWS 4
FENUMOK X X X
FEPOL X X X X X X X X 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
FEPOLY X X
FEPRES X X X X X X X X X 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
FEPRESCH X X X 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
FEPRIEST X
FERESPCT 4
FESERVE X X
Appendix U
VARIABLE
FETHINK X
FEWKNOKD 4
FEWORK X X X X X X X X X 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
FEWORKIF X
FEWRITE X
FEWRKSUP 4
FEWTRSTY 8
FIDGETY 4
FIGHTAIR X
FIGHTLND X
FIGHTSEA X
FIN30 1 4 4 4 2
FINALTER X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
FINAN1 2 4
FINAN2 2 4
FINAN3 2 4
FINAN4 2 4
FINAN5 2 4
FINANQS 4 4
FINDJOB 4
FINDNWJB 4
FINDOUT 4
FINDWORK 4
FININC 4 4
FININC1 4 4
FININC2 4 4
FININC3 4 4
FININC4 4 4
FININD 4
FININD1 4
FINLCOUN 2
FINRELA X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
FIREFTNG 2
FIRSTJOB X
FIRSTSEI 4
FIRSTSLF X
FIRSTYOU 4
FISHEXP1 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
FISHEXP2 4
FIXER1 4
FIXERA 4
FIXERB 4
FIXERC 4
FIXERD 4
FIXERE 4
FIXERF 4
FIXHOME 4
FIXMISTK 4
FLEXHRS 4 4 8
FLEXTIME 4
FNDJOB1 4
FNDJOB2 4
FNDJOB3 4
FNDJOB4 4
FNDJOB5 4
FNDJOB6 4
FNDJOB7 4
FNDJOB8 4
FNDJOB9 4
FOLK 4
FOLLOW 4
FORAFF12 1 4 4
FORBDCOM 1
FORBDMAR 1
FORBDRAC 1
FORCEDOC 4
FORCEHOS 4
FORCEMED 4
FORCULT 4
FORGIVE1 4
FORGIVE2 4
FORGIVE3 4
FORLAND 4 4
FORLANG 4
FORLANG1 4
FORM X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
FORMLDYS 4 4
FORMLFIN 4 4
FORMLHRS 4 4
FORMLTRN 4 4
FORMWT X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4
FORSPY 4
FORSTEAL 4
FOURKIDS 4
FRDCREAT 4
FRDCULTR 4
FRDDYNAM 4
FRDENJOY 4
FRDFUN 4
FRDHELPS 4
FRDHONST 4
FRDINTEL 4
FRDKNOWS 4
FRDRESP 4
FRDTHINK 4
FREEEXP1 4
FREEEXP2 4
FREEEXP3 4
FREEMNS1 4
FREEMNS2 4
FREEMNS3 4
FREENOW 4
FREEPRSS 4
FREETRDE 4
FRICALL X
FRIDAY 3 4
FRIEND X X
FRIEND1 X X 4
FRIEND2 X X 4
FRIEND3 X X 4
FRIEND4 X 4
FRIEND5 X 4
FRIENDS 4
FRINEIGH X
Appendix U
VARIABLE
FRINGE1 4
FRINGE10 4
FRINGE11 4
FRINGE2 4
FRINGE3 4
FRINGE4 4
FRINGE5 4
FRINGE6 4
FRINGE7 4
FRINGE8 4
FRINGE9 4
FRINGEOK 4 4 4 4 4
FRINUM X
FRISEX X
FRITIME X
FRIVISIT X
FRIWORK X
FRNDAWK 4
FRNDCON1 4 4
FRNDCON2 4 4
FRNDCON3 4 4
FRNDCON4 4
FRNDCON5 4
FRNDDEAL 4
FRNDDEN1 4 4
FRNDDEN2 4 4
FRNDDEN3 4 4
FRNDDEN4 4
FRNDDEN5 4
FRNDFND1 4 4
FRNDFND2 4 4
FRNDFND3 4 4
FRNDFND4 4
FRNDFND5 4
FRNDKING X X X X 4 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 2
FRNDKNOW X
FRNDOTH1 4 4
FRNDOTH2 4 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
FRNDOTH3 4 4
FRNDOTH4 4
FRNDOTH5 4
FRNDRAC1 4
FRNDRAC2 4
FRNDRAC3 4
FRNDRAC4 4
FRNDRAC5 4
FRNDREL1 4 4
FRNDREL2 4 4
FRNDREL3 4 4
FRNDREL4 4
FRNDREL5 4
FRNDSEX 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
FRSTGRP1 4
FRSTGRP2 4
FRSTGRP3 4
FRSTGRP4 4
FRSTGRP5 4
FRSTMET1 4
FRSTMET2 4
FRSTMET3 4
FRSTMET4 4
FRSTMET5 4
FRTERROR 4
FSTSPDEG 4
FSTSPEDC 4
FSTSPMED 4
FSTSPPED 4
FSTSPYR 4
FTWORK 4
FTWORK1 4
FUCITZN 4 4 4
FUND X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4
FUND16 X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
FUTENRGY 1
FUTPROMO 4
FUTRDOWN 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
FUTRUP 4
GAME12 1 4 4 4
GAMEGN 1 4
GAMES30 1 4 4 4 2
GARDEN 4
GASREGS 2 2
GAVEPOL X
GDJOBSEC 4 4
GENDER1 X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
GENDERWK 4 4
GENEABRT 3 3 4 4
GENECANX 4
GENECANY 4
GENEDEF1 3
GENEDEF2 3
GENEDEF3 3
GENEEXPS 4 4
GENEGEN 4 1
GENEGETS 3
GENEGOO1 3
GENEGOO2 4 4
GENEGOOD 3 3
GENEHIRE 3 3
GENEJOB 3 3
GENENVO1 4 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
GENENVO2 4 4
GENENVO3 4 4
GENENVO4 4 4
GENEPROB 4
GENES 4
GENESELF 3 3 4 4
GENETEST 3 3
GENETICS 4 4
GENETST1 3 4 4
GENEVIG1 4 4
GENEVIG2 4 4
GEOMOBIL 2
GESTTALK 4
GETAHEAD X X X X X X X X X 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 11 11 11 3 3 3
GETAHEAY 8
GETAID X
GETJOB 4 8
GETLANG 4 4 4
GETMAR 4
GETMAR1 4
GILLS 4
GIVART 4
GIVBLOOD 4 4 3
GIVBUS X
GIVCABNT X 4
GIVCHNG 4
GIVCHRTY 4 4 3
GIVCLERK X
GIVDOC X 4
GIVEARTS 4
GIVECONG 4
GIVEDUC 4
GIVEGRP X
GIVENVIR 4
GIVEOTH 4
GIVEREL 4
GIVEXEC X 4
GIVFARM X
Appendix U
VARIABLE
GIVFCTRY 4
GIVFOUND 4
GIVHLTH 4
GIVHMLSS 4 4 3
GIVHUMAN 4
GIVINFRM 4
GIVINTL 4
GIVJUDGE 4
GIVLAW 4
GIVMASON X
GIVOTH 4
GIVOWNER X
GIVPOL 4
GIVPUB 4
GIVREC 4
GIVRELIG 4
GIVROCC 4
GIVSALES 4
GIVSEAT 4 4 3
GIVSEC X
GIVSKILL X 4
GIVUNSKL X 4
GIVWORK 4
GIVYOUTH 4
GMBIZ 2 2
GMMED 2 2
GMPOL 2 2
GOCHURCH 4
GOD 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
GODCHNGE 4 4 4 2
GODCLOSE 4
GODGUIDE 4
GODHELP 4
GODLOVE 4
GODLVDIR 4
GODLVOTH 4
GODMEANS 4 4 2
GODOC 3 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
GODPARTS 4
GODRIGHT 4
GODSELLS 4
GODSPORT 4
GODSWILL 4 4 4
GODWATCH 4
GOLDFISH 4
GOMUSIC 4 4 4
GOODLIFE X 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 4 2
GOOWNWAY 4 4
GOSPEL 4
GOVAID X X X X X X X X
GOVCARE X
GOVCHEAT 4 4
GOVDOOK 4 1
GOVEDOP X
GOVEQINC X 4 4 2 1
GOVERNOR X
GOVJOBS X
GOVLESS X
GOVMENTL 4 4
GOVMINC X 4 4
GOVNGOS 4
GOVT30 1 4 4 4 2
GOVTBIZ 4
GOVTPOW X 4 4
GOVUNEMP X
GRACE X X 4 1 4
GRACE16 4
GRANBORN X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
GRANLANG 4
GRASS X X X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
GRASSY X
GRKIDNUM X
GRNCON 1
GRNDEMO 4 4 4 1
GRNECON 4 4 4 1
GRNEFFME 1
Appendix U
VARIABLE
GRNEXAGG 4 1
GRNGROUP 4 4 4 1
GRNINTL 4 1
GRNLAWS 4 8
GRNMONEY 4 4 4 1
GRNPRICE 4 4 4 1
GRNPROG 4 4 4 1
GRNSIGN 4 4 4 1
GRNSOL 4 4 4 1
GRNTAXES 4 4 4 1
GRNTEST1 4 4 4
GRNTEST2 4 4 4
GRNTEST3 4 4
GRNTEST4 4 4 4
GRNTEST5 4 4
GRNTEST6 4 4
GRNTEST7 4 4
GRPARNUM X
GRPBOTH1 4
GRPBOTH2 4
GRPBOTH3 4
GRPBOTH4 4
GRPBOTH5 4
GRPCHRTY 4
GRPCHURH 4
GRPNEI 4
GRPOTH 4
GRPOTHER 4
GRPPARTY 4
GRPPOL 4
GRPRELIG 4
GRPSPORT 4
GRPSPRTS 4
GRPUNION 4
GRPWORK 4
GRTBOOKS 4
GRWINGUP 4
GRWTHARM 4 4 4 1
Appendix U
VARIABLE
GRWTHELP 4 4 4 1
GUERILLA X
GUN X X X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2
GUN12 1 4 4
GUNAGE X X X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2
GUNFIRM X
GUNIMP X X
GUNINFO X
GUNLAW X X X X X X X X X X X 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
GUNNER X
GUNNUM X X X X X X X
GUNS911 4
GUNSALES 4
GUNSDRNK 4
GUNSDRUG 4
GVTAPART 4
GVTMELT 4
GWBIZ 2 2 3
GWPOL 2 2 3
GWSCI 2 2 3
H2OLESS 1
H2OLIFE 4 1
HAGGLE 4
HANDMOVE 4 4 4 4 4
HAPBOYS 4
HAPCOHAB 4
HAPFEEL 4
HAPGIRLS 4
HAPIFWRK 4
HAPMAR X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
HAPPY X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
HAPPY7 4 1
HAPROM 4
HAPUNHAP 4 4 4
HARJOB5 4 4
HARMGOOD 4 4 4 4 2 1
HARMONY 4 4
HARMSGRN 4 4 4 1
Appendix U
VARIABLE
HARSEXCL 4
HARSEXJB 4
HAVCHLD 4
HAVCHLD1 4
HAVEINFO 4 4 4 4 4
HEALER X X
HEALTH X X X X X X X X X X X 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 11 11 11 3 3 3
HEALTH1 4 4 3 4 4 4 1
HEALTH12 1 4 4 4 8
HEALTH30 1 4 4 4 2
HEAVEN 4 4 2
HEFINFO X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
HELL 4 4 2
HELPAWAY 4 3
HELPBLK X X X X X 2 2 4 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
HELPCRIM 8
HELPEMP 8
HELPENV 8
HELPFRDS 4
HELPFUL X X X X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
HELPHARM 1
HELPHLTH 8
HELPHWRK 4 3
HELPJOB 4 4 3
HELPNOT X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
HELPOLD 8
HELPORG 4
HELPORG1 4 8
HELPOTH X X 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
HELPPOOR X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
HELPSEC 8
HELPSICK X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
HELPUSA 4
HELPWRLD 4
HGUNCRIM 4
HGUNLAW 4
HHCLEAN1 1
HHRACE X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
HHTYPE X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
HHTYPE1 X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
HHWKDIS 4
HHWKFAIR 4
HIINC 4 4 8
HINUMOK X X X
HINUMOKY X
HISPANIC 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
HISPCHNG 4
HISPCLS 4
HISPCOM 4
HISPREL 4
HISPSCHL 4
HISPWORK 4
HISPWRK 4
HISTSCI 2 2 2
HIT X X X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2
HITAGE X X X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2
HITBEATR X X X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2
HITCHILD X X X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2
HITDRUNK X X X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2
HITMARCH X X X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2
HITNUM X X X X X X X
HITOK X X X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2
HITROBBR X X X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2
HIVTEST 4 4 4 4 4
HIVTEST1 4 4 4 4
HIVTEST2 4 4 4 4 4
HLPEQUIP 4 4 4 4 4
HLPHITEC X 4 4 8
HLPINFLU 8
HLPMINFG X
HLPMINR X
HLPNEEDY 4
HLPOTHS 4 4 8
HLPSOC 4 4 8
HLTH1 2 4
HLTH10 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
HLTH11 4
HLTH12 4
HLTH13 4
HLTH14 4
HLTH2 2 4
HLTH3 2 4
HLTH4 2 4
HLTH5 2 4
HLTH6 2 4
HLTH7 2 4
HLTH8 2 4
HLTH9 2 4
HLTHCARE X 4 4 8
HLTHCOVR 4
HLTHDAYS 4 4 4 4 4 4
HLTHDOC 1 4 2
HLTHFREL 1 4 2
HLTHINFO 1 4 2
HLTHINSR 4
HLTHMAG1 1 4 2
HLTHMAG2 1 4 2
HLTHPAPR 1 4 2
HLTHPLAN 4 4
HLTHTV 1 4 2
HLTHTYPE 4
HLTHWWW 1 4 2
HMEFIN12 1 4 4 4
HMEMAKER 4
HMO1 4
HMO2 4
HMO3 4
HMO4 4
HMO5 4
HMO6 4
HMO7 4
HOBBY30 1 4 4 4 2
HOMEBAND 4 4
HOMEKID 4 4 4 1
Appendix U
VARIABLE
HOMELESS 4
HOMESCH 4 4 4
HOMEYEAR 4
HOMOCHNG 1
HOMOSEX X X X X X X X X X 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
HOMOSEX1 4 4 2
HOMPOP X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
HONEST X X X X X X
HONESTY X X X
HONESTZ X
HOPELESS 4
HOSDIS5 X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2
HOSPICE 4
HOSREL1 X X X X
HOSREL4 X X X X
HOSTHOME 4
HOTARGUS 4 4
HOTCORE 2 2 4 3 2
HOURLY 4 4
HOUSEWRK 4 4 4 1
HOWANGRY 4
HOWFREE 4
HOWPAID 4 4
HRDSHP1 2 4
HRDSHP2 2 4
HRDSHP3 2 4
HRDSHP4 2 4
HRDSHP5 2 4
HRDSHP6 2 4
HRDSHP7 2 4
HRFAMBIZ 4
HRS1 X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
HRS2 X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
HRSART 4
HRSEDUC 4
HRSENVIR 4
HRSFOUND 4
HRSHLTH 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
HRSHUMAN 4
HRSINFRM 4
HRSINTL 4
HRSMONEY 4 4 8
HRSOTH 4
HRSPOL 4
HRSPUB 4
HRSREC 4
HRSRELAX 4 4 4 4 4
HRSRELIG 4
HRSWORK 4
HRSYOUTH 4
HSBASICS X
HSBIO 2 2 4 3 2
HSCARING X
HSCHEM 2 2 4 3 2
HSCLASS1 4
HSCLASS2 4
HSETH 4
HSJOBTR X
HSJUDGE X
HSLIBART X
HSMATH 2 2 4 3 2
HSORDER X
HSPASN10 4
HSPGOVT 4
HSPHOUSE 4
HSPHYS 2 2 4 3 2
HSPJOBS 4
HSRESPCT X
HSSCI X
HSSEXED X
HSWHT 4
HUBBYWK1 4 4 1
HUBBYWRK 4 4 4 2
HUCLEAN 4 4
HUMOR30 1 4 4 4 2
HUNT X X X X X X 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
Appendix U
VARIABLE
HUNTBEAR 2 2 3
HUNTFISH 4
HUNTOTHR X X X X
HURTATWK 4 4 4 4 4
HURTOTH 4 4
HURTSELF 4 4
HUSHREL1 5
HUSHREL2 6
HUSHREL3 6
HVYLIFT 4 4 4 4 4
HVYMETAL 4
HWDUTIES 4 4
HYPERLNK 1 4 4
ICECAPS 2 2 3
ICESHEET 2 2 3
ID X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4
IDECIDE 4
IDOLS 4
IDU30 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
IF00WHO 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
IF04WHO 12 12 12 4
IF08WHO 4 4
IF68WHO X X 4
IF72WHO X X X X X
IF76WHO X X X X
IF80WHO X X X X X
IF84WHO X X X 4 4
IF88WHO 4 4 4 4
IF92WHO 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
IF96WHO 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
IFWRONG 4 4
IGNORWK 4
IHLPGRN 4 4 4
ILIKEJOB 4 1
ILLPHYS 4
IMATTER 4
IMBALNCE 4 4
IMMAMECO 4 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
IMMCOSTS 4
IMMCRIME 4 4
IMMCRMUP 4
IMMECON 4 4
IMMFARE 4
IMMIDEAS 4
IMMIMP 4
IMMJOBS 4 4
IMMNEW 4
IMMNOJOB 4
IMMPUSH 4
IMMRGHTS 4
IMMSTATS 4 4
IMMUNEMP 4
IMMUNITE 4
IMMWRKUP 4
IMPCHURH X
IMPCULTR 4
IMPFAM X
IMPFINAN 4
IMPFREND X
IMPGOD 4
IMPGRN 4
IMPJOB 4 1
IMPKIDS 4
IMPKIN X
IMPLIVES 4 4
IMPMAR 4
IMPORTS 4 4
IMPPOL X
IMPPROMO 4
IMPRELAX X
IMPRVDIS 4
IMPRVEAT 4
IMPRVMED 4
IMPRVOWN 4 4
IMPRVTRT 4 4
IMPSELF 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
IMPTHNGS 4
IMPWORK X
INCDEF X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4
INCENTIV X
INCGAP X 4 4 2
INCHRW 1
INCMINW 1
INCLSTJB 4
INCNEED X
INCOM16 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
INCOME X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
INCOME06 12 12 12 4 4 4
INCOME72 X 4
INCOME77 X X X
INCOME82 X X X X
INCOME86 X X 4 4 4
INCOME91 4 4 4 4 4 4
INCOME98 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
INCTAX X
INDFIRST 4
INDPERF 4 4 4 4
INDUS10 4
INDUS80 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4
INDUSFAM 4 4 4
INDUSGEN 4 4 4
INDUSOTH 4 1
INDUSTRY X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4
INEQUAL1 X 4
INEQUAL2 X
INEQUAL3 X 4 4 2
INEQUAL4 X 4
INEQUAL5 X 4 4 2
INEQUAL6 X 4
INEQUAL7 X 4
INFADSTV 4
INFFILMS 4
INFLJOBS X 4 4
INFLUASN 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
INFLUBLK 4
INFLUHSP 4
INFLUJEW 4
INFLUSO 4
INFLUWHT 4
INFMUSIC 4
INFNETTV 4
INFOBIZ 4
INFOCOL 4
INFOGOVT 4
INFOGRN 4
INFONEWS 4
INFOTV 4
INFPUBTV 4
INFRMGRP 4
INLAWNUM X
INPEACE 4
INPERSON 4 4 4 2
INSRCHNG 4 4
INSRLMTS 4 4
INSTRCTN 4
INTACCSS 4
INTAGE 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
INTECON 4 4 2
INTEDUC 4 3 2
INTENVIR 4 3 2
INTEREST X X X X X X 3
INTERESY X X X
INTERESZ X
INTERNET 4
INTERPOL 4
INTETHN 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
INTFARM 4 3 2
INTHISP 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
INTID 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
INTINTL 4 3 2
INTJOB 4 4 8
INTLASNS 4 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
INTLBLKS 4 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
INTLCOWK 4
INTLHSPS 4 4
INTLINCS 4
INTLJEWS 4 4
INTLSO 4
INTLTEST 4
INTLWHTS 4 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
INTMED 4 3 2
INTMIL 4 3 2
INTPOL X
INTRACE1 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
INTRACE2 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
INTRACE3 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
INTRHOME 2 2 4 3 2
INTRWGHT 4 4
INTSCI 4 3 2
INTSEX 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
INTSPACE 4 3 2
INTTECH 4 3 2
INTYRS 4 4 4 4 8 4 4 4
INUIT 2 2 3
INUITWAY 2 2 3
INVEST12 1 4 4 4
INVESTGN 1 4
IRRELART 4
IRRELOFF 4
ISCO68 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4
ISCO681 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4
ISCO88 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4
ISRAEL X X X X X X X 1 1 1 1 4 1
ISSP X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4
IWRKHARD 4 4
JAPAN X X X X X X X 1 1 1 1 1 1
JAZZ 4
JBINTFAM 8
JBTRAIN 8
JEW 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
JEW16 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
JEW16AJ 5
JEWAJ 4
JEWSCHNG 4
JEWSCLS 4
JEWSCOM 4
JEWSREL 4
JEWSSCHL 4
JEWSWRK 4
JEWTEMP X 4 1 2
JOBACCMP X
JOBAFF 4
JOBCNTCT 4 2
JOBCNTRL 4
JOBCOWRK 4 2
JOBEASY 8
JOBFIND X X X X X X 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 6 1 6 4 4 1
JOBFIND1 4 4 4 4 4
JOBFRNDS 4 2
JOBHELP X
JOBHONOR X
JOBHOUR X X X X X X X X X 3 3 3 3 3 3 8 1
JOBHRW 1
JOBINC X X X X X X X X X 3 3 3 3 3 3 8 1
JOBINDEP X
JOBINFO 4 2
JOBINTER X 2
JOBJUDGE 4
JOBKEEP X
JOBLOSE X X X X X X 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 6 1 6 4 4 1
JOBMEANS X X X X X X X X X 3 3 3 3 3 3 8 1
JOBMINW 1
JOBOFF X
JOBONWWW 4
JOBPAPER 4 2
JOBPAY X
JOBPEOP X
JOBPLACE 4 2
Appendix U
VARIABLE
JOBPROMO X X X X X X X X X 3 3 3 3 3 3 8 1
JOBPUB 4 2
JOBRESP X
JOBRISE X
JOBSAFE X
JOBSALL X 4 4 4 4 4 8
JOBSAT 4 4 8
JOBSEC X X X X X X X X X 3 3 3 3 3 3 8 1
JOBSECOK 4 4 4 4 4 4
JOBSKILL 4
JOBSOC X
JOBTRAIN X
JOBTVRAD 4 2
JOBVSFA1 1
JOBVSFAM 4
JOBVSHME 4
JOBYEARS 4
JOIN16 4
JOINDEM 4
JOKESWK 4
JOURNLSM 2
JOYLIFTS 4
JUDGE X X
JUDGEART 4 4
JUDGELUV X X X X 4 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 2
JUDGMENT X X X X X X
JUDGMENY X X X
JUDGMENZ X
JUSTPAY 4
KD1JWOTH 4 4
KD1RELIG 4 4
KD2JWOTH 4 4
KD2RELIG 4 4
KD3JWOTH 4 4
KD3RELIG 4 4
KD4JWOTH 4 4
KD4RELIG 4 4
KD5JWOTH 4 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
KD5RELIG 4 4
KD6RELIG 4 4
KD7RELIG 4 4
KD8RELIG 4 4
KDALIVE1 4
KDALIVE2 4
KDALIVE3 4
KDALIVE4 4
KDALIVE5 4
KDALIVE6 4
KDALIVE7 4
KDALIVE8 4
KDALIVE9 4
KDEDUC1 4
KDEDUC2 4
KDEDUC3 4
KDEDUC4 4
KDEDUC5 4
KDEDUC6 4
KDEDUC7 4
KDEDUC8 4
KDEDUC9 4
KDEVWORK 4
KDIND80 4
KDOCC80 4
KDPICKED 4
KDPRES80 4
KDREL1 4
KDREL2 4
KDREL3 4
KDREL4 4
KDREL5 4
KDREL6 4
KDREL7 4
KDREL8 4
KDREL9 4
KDSEX1 4
KDSEX2 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
KDSEX3 4
KDSEX4 4
KDSEX5 4
KDSEX6 4
KDSEX7 4
KDSEX8 4
KDSEX9 4
KDTMKID1 4
KDTMKID2 4
KDTMKID3 4
KDTMKID4 4
KDWORK1 4
KDWORK2 4
KDWRKSLF 4
KDYRBRN1 4
KDYRBRN2 4
KDYRBRN3 4
KDYRBRN4 4
KDYRBRN5 4
KDYRBRN6 4
KDYRBRN7 4
KDYRBRN8 4
KDYRBRN9 4
KID5UP 4 4 4
KIDBEAT X
KIDCALL 4
KIDDRUGS X
KIDEDPAR X
KIDEMPTY 4 4 4
KIDFIN 4
KIDFINBU 1
KIDHLTH X
KIDJOB 1
KIDJOY 4 4 4 1
KIDLESS 4
KIDLIVED 4
KIDMOST 4
KIDNEEDY X
Appendix U
VARIABLE
KIDNOFRE 4 4 1
KIDNOW1 4
KIDNOW2 4
KIDNUM 4 4 4
KIDOUT X
KIDRESP 4
KIDSAWAY 4
KIDPARS 4
KIDSHERE 4
KIDSKIPS X
KIDSOCST 1
KIDSSOL 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
KIDSUFFR 4 4 4
KIDTRBLE 4
KIDVISIT 4
KIDXFILM X
KINDPERS 4 4
KING X X
KNOMENTL 4 4 4
KNOWKID1 4
KNOWKID2 4
KNOWKID3 4
KNOWKID4 4
KNOWN1 X
KNOWN2 X
KNOWN3 X
KNOWN4 X
KNOWN5 X
KNOWPOLS 8
KNOWSOL 1
KNOWWHAT 4 4 4 4 4
KNWASN 4
KNWBLK 4
KNWCAUSE 1
KNWCLSEX 4
KNWECON 2 2
KNWFORGN 2 2
KNWGW 2 2
Appendix U
VARIABLE
KNWHISP 4
KNWJEW 4
KNWMHOSP 4 4
KNWNPROZ 4 4
KNWPATNT 4
KNWPOLAR 2 2
KNWSCI 2 2 3
KNWWHT 4
LABORPOW X 4 4
LACKINFO 4 4 4
LAIDOFF 4 4 4 4 4
LANDWAR X
LANGCOM 4
LANGWRK 4
LAPSED 4
LASERS 2 2 4 3 2
LASTJOB X
LASTSLF X
LASTWKMO 4 4
LASTWKYR 4 4
LASTYRWK 4
LATIN 4
LAUNDRY 4
LAUNDRY1 4 1
LAW1 2 4
LAW2 2 4
LAW3 2 4
LAW4 2 4
LAW5 2 4
LAW6 2 4
LAW7 2 4
LAWENFRC 2
LAWFIRM X
LAWIMP X
LAWINFO X
LAWYER 4
LAWYER1 4
LAWYERA 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
LAWYERB 4
LAWYERC 4
LAWYERD 4
LAWYERE 4
LAWYERF 4
LAWYERG 4
LAYOFFS 4
LDCGAP 4
LDCGRN 4 1
LDCTAX 4
LEADGRP X
LEADSCI 2 2
LEAKINFO 4
LEARNHME 4
LEARNING 4
LEARNJOB 4
LEARNNEW 4 4 4 4 4
LEASTCOM 4
LEAVEJB 4
LEAVEJOB 4 8
LEFTLONE 4
LEISURE 4
LENTTO 4 4 3
LESSFARE 4
LESSNUKE X
LESSPAIN 4
LESSPRD 4
LESSREG X 4 4 8
LETDIE1 X X X X X X 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
LETDIE1Y 1
LETDIE2 X X X X
LETIN 4
LETIN1 4 4 4 1 4 1 1 1 1 1
LETINASN 4
LETINEUR 4
LETINHSP 4
LETTERS 1 4 4 2
LEVELS 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
LFECHNCE 4
LFEGENES 4
LFEGOD 4
LFEHRDWK 4
LFESOCTY 4
LFTPLANE 4
LIBATH X X X X X X X X X X 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
LIBCOM X X X X X X X X X X 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
LIBERATR X X
LIBHOMO X X X X X X X X X 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
LIBMIL X X X X X X X 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
LIBMSLM 3 3 3
LIBRAC X X X X X X X 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
LIBSOC X X X
LIBTEMP X 4 1
LIEDCWKR 4
LIETEST 4 4
LIFE X X X X X X X X X 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
LIKEDIFF X X 4 1
LIKEOTH 4
LIMITEDP 4
LITAUTH 1 4 4
LITCNTRL 4
LITGET 1 4 4
LITMSTXT 4
LITREAD 1 4 4
LITSITE 1 4 4
LIVE1 2 4
LIVE2 2 4
LIVE3 2 4
LIVE4 2 4
LIVEASNS 4 4
LIVEBLKS 4 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
LIVECOM X
LIVECOM1 4
LIVEHOME X
LIVEHSPS 4 4
LIVEJEWS 4 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
LIVENO 4
LIVESO 4
LIVEWHTS 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
LIVEWITH 4 4
LIVNOWED 4
LNGTHINV 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
LOANED 4
LOANEDTO 4
LOANITEM 4 4 3
LOBBYGRP X
LOCALART 4
LOCALGVT 4
LOCALNUM 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
LOCATE12 1 4 4 4
LOCCARE X
LOCGRP X
LOCINFLU X
LOCKEDUP 4
LOCLIVED X
LOCLOBBY X
LOCPROB X
LOCSELF X
LOCTRUST X
LOCVOTE X
LOCYRS 4 4
LONELY 4
LOOKAWAY 4 4 4
LOOKJOB 4 8
LOSEJB12 4
LOSEJOB5 4 4
LOSTJOBS 4
LOTOFSAY 4 4
LOTTOSAY 4 4 4
LOVER X X
LTRSREF 4
MAATTEND X X X X 4 1
MABOYGRL 4
MACALL X
Appendix U
VARIABLE
MACALL1 4
MADAT 4
MADAT1 4
MADAT10 4
MADAT11 4
MADAT12 4
MADAT13 4
MADAT14 4
MADAT15 4
MADAT16 4
MADAT17 4
MADAT18 4
MADAT19 4
MADAT2 4
MADAT20 4
MADAT21 4
MADAT22 4
MADAT23 4
MADAT3 4
MADAT4 4
MADAT5 4
MADAT6 4
MADAT7 4
MADAT8 4
MADAT9 4
MADATGOD 4
MADEATH X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2
MADEG X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
MADEN 4
MADENKID 4 4 2
MAEDUC X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
MAFUND 4
MAIND10 4
MAIND80 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
MAISC681 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
MAISCO88 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
MAJEW 4 4 4
MAJOR1 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
MAJOR2 4
MAJORCOL 2 2 4 3 4
MAJWOTH 3 3
MAKEART 4 4 4
MAKEFRND 2
MAKEJOBS X 4 4 8
MALIVE X 4
MALIVE1 4
MANBOOK 4
MANHOLD X
MANNERS X X X X X X
MANNERSY X X X
MANNERSZ X
MANPROF 4
MANREAD X
MANTAIL X
MANTAP X
MANUAL 1 4 4
MANVSEMP 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
MAOCC10 4
MAOCC80 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
MAOTH 4
MAPA X X X X 4 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 2
MAPAID 4 4
MAPRES80 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
MAR1 X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
MAR2 X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
MAR3 X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
MAR4 X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
MAR5 X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
MAR6 X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
MAR7 X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
MAR8 X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
MAR9 X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
MAR10 X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
MAR11 X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
MAR12 X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
MAR13 X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
MAR14 X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
MARASIAN 4 4 1 1 1 1 1 1
MARBLK 4 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
MARCOHRT X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
MARDIV 4
MARELIG 4 4 4
MARELKID 4 4 2
MARFIN 4 4
MARFREE 4 4
MARHAPPY 4 4 4 1
MARHISP 4 4 1 1 1 1 1 1
MARHOMO 4 3 3 3 3 3
MARITAL X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
MARJEW 4 4
MARKIDS 4 4
MARLEGIT 4 4 4 1
MARMAKID 4
MARNO 4
MARNOMAR 4 4 4
MARNUM 4
MARPAKID 4
MARRCOUN 2
MARSO 4
MARUNION 4
MARWHT 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
MASEI 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
MASTER X X
MASTERSP X X X X 4 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 2
MATESEX 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
MATIME X
MATIME1 4
MAVISIT X 4
MAVISIT1 4
MAWK16 X X X X X X X X X
MAWKBABY X X X X X X X X X
MAWKBORN X 4 4 4 4 4 4
MAWORK X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4
MAWORK14 4 4 4 1
Appendix U
VARIABLE
MAWRKGRW 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
MAWRKSLF 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
MAWRKWRM 4 4 4
MAYRBORN 4
MAYRDIED 4
MEBEAR 4
MECHANIC X
MEDADDCT 4
MEDAGRGM 2 2
MEDAGRSC 2 2 3
MEDBSTGM 2 2
MEDBSTSC 2 2 3
MEDCARE1 4 4
MEDCARE2 4 4
MEDDOC 4 4
MEDIAREL 3 4
MEDINFGM 2 2
MEDINFSC 2 2 3
MEDITATE 4
MEDKDNEG 4
MEDSAVTX 4
MEDSCI 2 2 2
MEDSYMPS 4
MEDTREAT 2
MEDUNACC 4
MEDWEAK 4
MEETF2F1 4
MEETF2F2 4
MEETING 1 4 4
MEETINGS 1 4 4 2
MEHHWORK 4
MEKDCARE 4
MELTPOT 4 4
MELTPOT1 4 4
MEMARRY 4
MEMCHURH X X X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2 4
MEMFARM X X X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2 4
MEMFRAT X X X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
MEMGREEK X X X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2 4
MEMGRP1 X X 4
MEMGRP2 X X 4
MEMGRP3 X X 4
MEMGRP4 X 4
MEMGRP5 X 4
MEMHOBBY X X X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2 4
MEMLIT X X X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2 4
MEMNAT X X X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2 4
MEMNUM X X X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2 4
MEMOTHER X X X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2 4
MEMPOLIT X X X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2 4
MEMPROF X X X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2 4
MEMSCHL X X X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2 4
MEMSERV X X X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2 4
MEMSPORT X X X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2 4
MEMUNION X X X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2 4
MEMVET X X X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2 4
MEMYOUTH X X X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2 4
MEN 4 4
MENBEN 4
MENHRT 4
MENTLDOC 4 4
MENTLHOS 4 4
MENTLILL 4 4
MENTLOTH 4 4
MEOVRWRK 4 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
MERGED 4
MESERVE X X
MHACCPTD 8
MHBRAIN 8
MHCAUSE 8
MHCHRCTR 8
MHCLSOTH 8
MHCREATV 8
MHDECSLF 8
MHDISOTH 8
MHDOACTV 8
Appendix U
VARIABLE
MHDODIET 8
MHDODOC 8
MHDOEXRC 8
MHDOFAM 8
MHDOFRGT 8
MHDOFRND 8
MHDOGRP 8
MHDOHEAL 8
MHDOHERB 8
MHDOHOSP 8
MHDOLIFE 8
MHDOMHP 8
MHDOMOVE 8
MHDONONE 8
MHDOOTC 8
MHDOOTH 8
MHDOPRAY 8
MHDOPSYC 8
MHDOREL 8
MHDORX 8
MHEXPOTH 8
MHFAMSHM 8
MHFEELEM 8
MHFRIEND 8
MHFRIGHT 8
MHGENES 8
MHGOD 8
MHGVTDIS 8
MHGVTEDC 8
MHGVTHLT 8
MHGVTHME 8
MHGVTJOB 8
MHHIRED 8
MHHLPFAM 8
MHHLPFRD 8
MHHLPGP 8
MHHLPMHP 8
MHHLPOTH 8
Appendix U
VARIABLE
MHHLPPSY 8
MHHLPREL 8
MHHRDTLK 8
MHHSPTRT 8
MHILLNSS 8
MHIMPOWN 8
MHIMPTRT 8
MHINTL 8
MHKDCARE 8
MHLESSOP 8
MHLOSEFR 8
MHLUCK 8
MHMEDS 8
MHMNTHSP 8
MHMONEY 8
MHNEIHBR 8
MHNERVS 8
MHNOKIDS 8
MHNOTCH 8
MHNOTELL 8
MHNOTPOL 8
MHOTHREL 4
MHOTHYOU 4
MHOUTSDR 8
MHPHYSCL 8
MHPRDCTV 8
MHPROBLM 8
MHRAISED 8
MHRELOTH 8
MHRESOTH 8
MHSECRET 8
MHSEEDOC 8
MHSEEPUB 8
MHSEROTH 8
MHSLFSHM 8
MHSOCIAL 8
MHSTRESS 8
MHSUPWRK 8
Appendix U
VARIABLE
MHSYMP 8
MHTRTOT2 8
MHTRTOTH 8
MHTRTSLF 8
MHTRUSTY 8
MHUNEASY 8
MHUNSURE 8
MHUPDOWN 8
MHVIOOTH 8
MHVIOSLF 8
MHWEDREL 8
MHWKWITH 8
MILOKFE X
MILOKME X
MILPAY X X
MILQUAL X X X
MILSERVE 4
MILVOLOK X X
MILWRKEV X
MILWRKNW X
MINCULT 4 4
MINDBODY X X 4 4
MINFOOD 4
MINFOUR 4
MININC X
MINMILOP X
MINTHREE 4
MIRACLES 4 4 2
MNILDO1 4
MNILDO2 4
MNILDO3 4
MNILDUR 4
MNILHLP1 4
MNILHLP2 4
MNILHLP3 4
MNILTIME 4
MNILWHY1 4
MNILWHY2 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
MNILWHY3 4
MNTLAS1 4
MNTLAS2 4
MNTLCARE 4
MNTLDENY 4
MNTLDIF 4
MNTLHLTH 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
MNTLILL 4
MNTLIMP1 4
MNTLIMP2 4
MNTLIMP3 4
MNTLOTH 4
MNTLREL 4
MNTLSYM1 4
MNTLSYM2 4
MNTLSYM3 4
MOBILE16 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
MODACT 4
MODE 4 4 4
MODPAINT 4 4
MONART 4
MONDAY 3 4
MONEDUC 4
MONENVIR 4
MONFOUND 4
MONHLTH 4
MONHUMAN 4
MONINFRM 4
MONINTL 4
MONITRED 4
MONOTH 4
MONPOL 4
MONPUB 4
MONREC 4
MONRELIG 4
MONTHLY 4 4
MONWORK 4
MONYOUTH 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
MOODEASY 4
MOONLITE 4
MORAL12 1 4 4
MOREDAYS 4 4 4 4 4
MOREGOOD 4 4
MOREMPG 3
MORENUKE X
MORETRDE 4
MOSTACT X
MOSTCOM 4
MOSTIMP1 4
MOSTIMP2 4
MOSTIMP3 4
MOSTIMP4 4
MOSTLOC 1 4
MOSTLUCK 4
MOTHER X X
MOVENEI 4
MOVENOAM 4
MOVESTAT 4
MOVETOWN 4
MOVEUSA 4
MP3 4
MRMOM 4
MSLMTEMP 2
MTCHURH1 4
MTCHURH2 4
MTCHURH3 4
MTCHURH4 4
MTCHURH5 4
MTCHURH6 4
MTFARM1 4
MTFARM2 4
MTFARM3 4
MTFRAT1 4
MTFRAT2 4
MTFRAT3 4
MTFRAT4 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
MTGREEK1 4
MTGREEK2 4
MTGREEK3 4
MTHOBBY1 4
MTHOBBY2 4
MTHOBBY3 4
MTINFRM1 4
MTINFRM2 4
MTINFRM3 4
MTINFRM4 4
MTINFRM5 4
MTLIT1 4
MTLIT2 4
MTLIT3 4
MTLIT4 4
MTNAT1 4
MTNAT2 4
MTNAT3 4
MTOTHER1 4
MTOTHER2 4
MTOTHER3 4
MTOTHER4 4
MTOTHER5 4
MTPOLIT1 4
MTPOLIT2 4
MTPOLIT3 4
MTPROF1 4
MTPROF2 4
MTPROF3 4
MTPROF4 4
MTPROF5 4
MTPROF6 4
MTSCHL1 4
MTSCHL2 4
MTSCHL3 4
MTSCHL4 4
MTSERV1 4
MTSERV2 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
MTSERV3 4
MTSERV4 4
MTSERV5 4
MTSERV6 4
MTSERV7 4
MTSERV8 4
MTSPORT1 4
MTSPORT2 4
MTSPORT3 4
MTSPORT4 4
MTSPORT5 4
MTSPORT6 4
MTUNION1 4
MTUNION2 4
MTUNION3 4
MTUNION4 4
MTVET1 4
MTVET2 4
MTVET3 4
MTVET4 4
MTVET5 4
MTYOUTH1 4
MTYOUTH2 4
MTYOUTH3 4
MTYOUTH4 4
MTYOUTH5 4
MUSIC30 1 4 4 4 2
MUSICALS 4
MUSICBUY 1 4 4
MUSICDIF 1 4 4
MUSICGET 1 4 4
MUSICINF 1 4 4
MUSICLKE 1 4 4
MUSICLST 1 4 4
MUSICNEW 1 4 4
MUSTDOC 4 4
MUSTHOSP 4 4
MUSTMED 4 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
MUSTRET X
MUSTWORK 4 4 4 4
MYFAITH 4
MYKIDS 4
MYSKILLS 4 4 4 4 4
MYWAYGOD 2
NAFTA1 4 4
NAFTA2 4 4
NAFTA2A 4
NAFTA3 4
NANOBEN 4 3
NANOHARM 4 3
NANOKNW1 2 2 4 3
NANOKNW2 2 2 4 3
NANOTECH 2 2 3
NANOWILL 2 2 4 3
NATAID X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
NATAIDY X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
NATAIDZ X
NATARMS X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
NATARMSY X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
NATARMSZ X
NATARTS 4
NATBORN 4 4
NATCHLD 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
NATCITY X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
NATCITYY X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
NATCITYZ X
NATCRIME X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
NATCRIMY X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
NATDEG 4
NATCRIMZ X
NATDISCM 8
NATDISIN 8
NATDRUG X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
NATDRUGY X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
NATDRUGZ X
NATEDUC X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
NATEDUCY X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
NATEDUCZ X
NATENRGY 4 4
NATENVIR X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
NATENVIY X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
NATENVIZ X
NATFARE X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
NATFAREY X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
NATFAREZ X 4
NATHEAL X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
NATHEALY X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
NATHEALZ X 4
NATLART 4
NATMASS X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
NATMASSZ X 4
NATPARK X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
NATPARKZ X
NATRACE X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
NATRACEY X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
NATRACEZ X
NATRECON 4
NATROAD X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
NATROADZ X
NATSCI 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
NATSOC X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
NATSOCZ X
NATSPAC X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
NATSPACY X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
NATSPACZ X
NATURGOD 4 4 4
NATURPAX 4 4
NATURWAR 4 4
NEARGOD X X X X 4 1 4
NEEDYFRD 4
NEEDYNEI 4
NEEDYOTH 4
NEEDYREL 4
NEGJOB5 4 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
NEIETH1 4
NEIETH10 4
NEIETH11 4
NEIETH12 4
NEIETH13 4
NEIETH14 4
NEIETH2 4
NEIETH3 4
NEIETH4 4
NEIETH5 4
NEIETH6 4
NEIETH7 4
NEIETH8 4
NEIETH9 4
NEIFRD 4
NEIGHBR1 X X 4
NEIGHBR2 X X 4
NEIGHBR3 X X 4
NEIGHBR4 X 4
NEIGHBR5 X 4
NERVOUS 4
NEVERWK 4
NEWAGE 4
NEWJOB 8
NEWJOBS 4
NEWJOB12 1 4 4 4
NEWJOBGN 1
NEWOWNED 4
NEWS X X X X X X X X X 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 9 9 9 1 1 1
NEWS12 1 1 4
NEWS30 1 4 4
NEWSFRMY 3
NEWSFROM 2 2 4 7 2
NEWSGRPS 4 4 4
NEWSPRNT 8
NEWUSED 4
NEXTDOOR 4
NEXTGEN 2 2 4 3 2
Appendix U
VARIABLE
NIECENEP 4
NIHILISM 4 4 2
NIRVANA 2
NOATHOME 4
NOBILING 4
NOBUYGRN 1
NOCHEER 4
NOEMOTE 4
NOGOOD 4 4
NOGOVT 4
NOHMEWRK 4
NOICECAP 2 2 3
NOKIDS 4
NOMEAT 4 4
NONUKE X
NONURSE 4
NOONEBEN 4
NOONEHRT 4
NOPLAN 4
NOSMOKE X
NOSUN 2 2 3
NOTAM 4
NOTCOUNT 4 4
NOTICED 4
NOTLOYAL 4
NOTREAT 4
NOTTHINK 4
NOTUPSET 4
NOTWORRY 4
NOUNEMP1 8
NOUNEMP2 8
NOUNEMP3 8
NOUNEMP4 8
NUCLRWAR 4
NUKEACC 4
NUKEFAM 4 4
NUKEELEC 3
NUKEGEN 4 4 1
Appendix U
VARIABLE
NUKEWAR X
NUMBWFRD 4
NUMCHURH 4
NUMCLERG 4
NUMCNTCT 1 4 4 2
NUMCONG 4 4 4 4
NUMDAYS 3
NUMEMP 4
NUMEMPLY 4
NUMEMPS 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
NUMEMPS5 4
NUMFARM 4
NUMFRAT 4
NUMFREND 4
NUMGIVEN X X 4
NUMGREEK 4
NUMHOBBY 4
NUMHOME 1
NUMINFRM 4
NUMKIDS 4 4 1
NUMKNOWN 4
NUMLIT 4
NUMMEN 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
NUMNAT 4
NUMORG 4 4 4
NUMOTHER 4
NUMOWN 4
NUMPOLIT 4
NUMPROBS 4 4
NUMPROF 4
NUMPROMO 4
NUMRBORN 4
NUMRELEX 4
NUMSCHL 4
NUMSERV 4
NUMSITES 4
NUMSPORT 4
NUMUNEMP 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
NUMUNION 4
NUMVET 4
NUMWOMEN 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
NUMYOUTH 4
NURSE X
OB911 X
OBENG X
OBEY X X 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
OBEYLAW X 4 4 8
OBEYLAWS 4
OBEYS X X X X X X
OBEYSY X X X
OBEYSZ X
OBEYTCH 4 4
OBEYTHNK 4 4 4
OBFEPAX X
OBFEWAR X
OBJURY X
OBKNOW X
OBMEPAX X
OBMEWAR X
OBRESPCT 4
OBTOHELP 4
OBVOL X
OBVOTE X
OCC X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4
OCC10 4
OCC80 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4
OCCFIRST 4
OCCMOBIL X 4
OCCTRAIN 4 4
OCCYRS 4 4
ODDS1 2 2 4 3 2
ODDS2 2 2 4 3 2
OFFSUP 4
OFWORTH 4 4
OLD1 X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
OLD2 X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
OLD3 X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
OLD4 X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
OLD5 X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
OLD6 X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
OLD7 X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
OLD8 X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
OLD9 X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
OLD10 X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
OLD11 X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
OLD12 X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
OLD13 X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
OLD14 X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
OLDIES 4
ONEKID 4
ONENATN 4
ONGOREL1 4
ONGOREL2 4
ONGOREL3 2
ONLINE 1 4
OPABLE X
OPAMBIT X
OPCLOUT X
OPDEVEL 4 4 4 4 4
OPEDUC X
OPENMIND 4
OPENREL1 4
OPENREL2 4
OPENREL3 2
OPERA 4
OPFAMILY X
OPHRDWRK X
OPKNOW X 4
OPOUTCME 4
OPPARED X
OPPOL X
OPPROF X
OPPSEGOV 4
OPRACE X
Appendix U
VARIABLE
OPREGION X
OPRELIG X
OPRICH X
OPS2005 4 4
OPSEX X
OPTIMIST 4 4
OPWLTH X 4
ORGANSB 4
ORGANSW 4
ORGFIN 4
ORGMONEY 4
ORGSIZE 4 4
ORHEALER 4 4
ORMEDDOC 4 4
ORMNTLDC 4 4
ORMNTLHS 4 4
ORMNTLOT 4 4
OROTCMED 4 7
ORRXMED 4 4
ORSLFHLP 4 4
ORTLKCLR 4 4
ORTLKFM 4 4
OTCMED 4 4
OTH1 2 4
OTH16 X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
OTH2 2 4
OTH3 2 4
OTH4 2 4
OTH5 2 4
OTHBEST 4
OTHCHRCH 4 4
OTHCREDT 4 4 4
OTHDUTY1 4
OTHDUTY2 4
OTHDUTY3 4
OTHDUTY4 4
OTHDUTY5 4
OTHDUTY6 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
OTHDUTY7 4
OTHER X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4
OTHER1 X X 4
OTHER2 X X 4
OTHER3 X X 4
OTHER4 X 4
OTHER5 X 4
OTHERSEX 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
OTHERWRK 8
OTHFAM1 X X 4
OTHFAM2 X X 4
OTHFAM3 X X 4
OTHFAM4 X 4
OTHFAM5 X 4
OTHFRD 4
OTHGUNS 3
OTHHOME 4 4
OTHHRS 4
OTHJEW 4 4
OTHJEW16 4 4
OTHKIDS 4
OTHLANG 4 4 4 4 4 4
OTHLANG1 4 4 4 4
OTHLANG2 4 4 4 4
OTHLOBBY X
OTHPAY 4
OTHPLAN 4
OTHREASN 4
OTHREL 3 4
OTHREL1 3 4
OTHREL2 3 4
OTHREL3 3 4
OTHRESP 4
OTHSCH 4 4 4
OTHSELF X
OTHSHELP 4 4 3
OTHSSAME 4 1
OTHYRS 4 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
OTJTRAIN 4 4
OUTOFBIZ 4
OUTRAGED 4
OUTSIDER 4
OVERSAMP X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
OVERWORK 4 4 4 4 4
OVRJOYED 4
OVRMEDKD 4
OWNAUTOS X
OWNBANKS X 4
OWNBIZ 4
OWNCLERG 4
OWNDOING 4 4
OWNETH 4
OWNFATE 4 4
OWNGUN X X X X X X X X X 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
OWNHH 4
OWNHH1 4
OWNINC 4
OWNMASS X
OWNPOWER X 4
OWNSTEEL X 4
OWNSTOCK 4 4 4 4 4
OWNTHING 4 4
PAATTEND X X X X 4 1
PACALL X
PACALL1 4
PADEATH X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2
PADEG X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
PADEN 4
PADENKID 4 4 2
PADOTDAT X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4
PADOTGED X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4
PADOTPEO X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4
PADOTPRE X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4
PADOTSVP X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4
PADOTTHN X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4
PAEDUC X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
PAFUND 4
PAIDEMPS 4
PAIDLV 1
PAIDLV1 1
PAIDLVDV 1
PAIDLVPY 1
PAIDSEX 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
PAIN 4
PAINARMS 4 4 4 4 4
PAINCURE 4
PAIND10 4
PAIND16 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4
PAIND80 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
PAINFAM 4 4 4
PAINFEEL 4
PAINMED 4
PAINQOL 4
PAINRELY 4
PAISC681 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
PAISCO68 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4
PAISCO88 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
PAJEW 4 4 4
PAJOB X
PAJWOTH 3 2
PALEFULL X X 4 1
PALIVE X
PALIVE1 4
PAOCC10 4
PAOCC16 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4
PAOCC80 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
PAOTH 4
PAPRES16 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4
PAPRES80 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
PARBORN X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
PARCIT 4 4
PARELIG 4 4 4
PARELKID 4 4 2
PARENT1 X X 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
PARENT2 X X 4
PARENT3 X X 4
PARENT4 X 4
PARENT5 X 4
PARFIN 4
PARGOVT 4
PARHARDR 4
PARLANG 4
PARLEAVE 4
PARRGHT 4
PARSLAW 4
PARSOL 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
PARTAXES 4
PARTFULL 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
PARTIME 4
PARTNERS 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
PARTNRS5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
PARTOPEN 4
PARTOPN5 4
PARTORG 4 4
PARTPOL 4
PARTTEAM 4 4 4 4 4
PARTTHON 4
PARTYID X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
PARTYID1 X
PARTYID2 X
PARTYID3 X
PARWHERE 4
PARWORK 4
PARWORSE 4
PASEI 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
PASLF X
PASTDOWN 4
PASTPAY 4
PASTUP 4
PASUP 4
PATIME X
PATRASNS 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
PATRBLKS 4
PATRHSPS 4
PATRJEWS 4
PATRSO 4
PATRWHTS 4
PAVISIT X
PAVISIT1 4
PAWRKSLF X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
PAXHAPPY 2
PAYBUS X
PAYCABNT X 4
PAYCHILD 4
PAYCHNGE 4
PAYCLERK X
PAYDOC X 4
PAYDOJOB 4
PAYDOWEL 4
PAYEDTRN 4
PAYEDUC 4
PAYELSE 4
PAYEXEC X 4
PAYFAM 4
PAYFAM1 4
PAYFARM X
PAYFCTRY 4
PAYHARD 4
PAYJUDGE 4
PAYLAW 4
PAYMASON X
PAYOTHER 1 4 4
PAYOWNER X
PAYRBORN 4
PAYRDIED 4
PAYRESP 4
PAYROCC 4
PAYSALES 4
PAYSAME 4
PAYSEC X
Appendix U
VARIABLE
PAYSKILL X 4
PAYSUP 4
PAYTAXES 4
PAYTIME 4
PAYUNSKL X 4
PAYWWW 1
PCLIT 4 4
PEACEFUL 4
PENGUINS 3
PEOCNTCT 8
PEOPGOVT 4
PEOPGRN 1
PEOPLE12 1 4 4 4
PEOPLEGN 1 4 1
PEOPTRBL 4 4 3
PERFORM 4 4 4
PERFRMGN 1 4
PERHRH 1
PERHRO 1
PERHRW 1
PERMINH 1
PERMINO 1
PERMINW 1
PERMORAL 4 4 4 4 4
PERRIGHT 4
PERSCRFC 2
PERSON30 1 4 4 4 2
PERSPACE 4 4
PESSIMST 4 4
PETITION 1 4 4
PHASE 4 4 12 12 12 4
PHONE X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
PHYEFFRT 4
PHYSCSCI 2 2 2
PHYSHARM 4 4
PHYSHLTH 4 4 4 4 4
PHYSICAL 4
PHYSILL 4 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
PHYSWRK 4 4 8
PIKUPSEX 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
PILL X X X X X
PILLOK X 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
PILLOKY 3
PISTOL X X X X X X X X X 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
PLACEWRK 4
PLANWRK 4
PLYMUSIC 4 4 4
POL30 1 4 4 4 2
POLABUSE X X X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
POLACTVE 4
POLAGREE 1 4 4
POLALTER 1 4
POLARYR1 2 2 3
POLARYR2 2 2 3
POLARYR3 2 2 3
POLARYR4 2 2 3
POLARYR5 2 2 3
POLARYR6 2 2 3
POLARYR7 2 2 3
POLARYR8 2 2 3
POLATTAK X X X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
POLBSTGM 2 2
POLBSTGW 2 2 3
POLBSTNK 3
POLBSTSC 2 2 3
POLBSTTX 2 2 3
POLCAM12 1 4 4
POLCAMP 1
POLCANGN 4
POLCHNGE 1 4 4
POLCONF 1 4 4
POLDISGN 1 4
POLDSAGR 1 4
POLEFF1 X
POLEFF10 X
POLEFF11 4 4 8 3
Appendix U
VARIABLE
POLEFF12 4
POLEFF13 4 8 3
POLEFF14 4
POLEFF15 4 8 3
POLEFF16 4 8 3
POLEFF17 4 8 3
POLEFF18 4
POLEFF19 4
POLEFF2 X
POLEFF20 4
POLEFF3 X 4 8 3
POLEFF4 X
POLEFF5 X
POLEFF6 X
POLEFF7 X
POLEFF8 X
POLEFF9 X
POLEFY3 3
POLEFY11 3
POLEFY13 3
POLEFY15 3
POLEFY16 3
POLEFY17 3
POLESCAP X X X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
POLFORMS 1 4 4
POLFREL 1
POLFUNDS 4
POLGREED 4 1
POLHITOK X X X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
POLHITOY 2
POLINF12 1 4 4 4
POLINFGM 2 2
POLINFGN 1 4
POLINFGW 2 2 3
POLINFNK 3
POLINFO 1
POLINFSC 2 2 3
POLINFTX 2 2 3
Appendix U
VARIABLE
POLINT 4 4 4 8
POLINT1 4
POLLGOOD X
POLLTRUE X
POLMAG1 1
POLMAG2 1
POLMURDR X X X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
POLNEUTL 1 4 4
POLNEW 1 4 4
POLNUKE 3
POLOPTS 4
POLPAPR 1
POLRALLY X
POLSFAIR 8
POLSGOD 4
POLTOUGH 1 4 4
POLTV 1
POLVIEWS X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
POLVIEWX X
POLVIEWY X
POLWWW 1
POPESPKS 4 4 4 4 4 4
POPESPKY 4
POPGRWTH 4 1
POPMUSIC 4 4
POPULAR X X 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 4 2 2
PORN30 1 4 4 4 2
PORNFIRM X
PORNIMP X
PORNINF X X X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2
PORNINFO X
PORNLAW X X X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
PORNMORL X X X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2
PORNOUT X X X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2
PORNRAPE X X X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2
POSSLQ X 4 4 4 8 4
POSSLQY 4
POSTLF1 X X
Appendix U
VARIABLE
POSTLF10 X X
POSTLF2 X X
POSTLF3 X X
POSTLF4 X X
POSTLF5 X X
POSTLF6 X X
POSTLF7 X X
POSTLF8 X X
POSTLF9 X X
POSTLIFE X X X X X X X X X 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 4 4 4 4 4
POSTMAT1 4 4 4 1
POSTMAT2 4 4 4 1
POVCOL 4
POVLINE X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4
POVSCHS 4
POVZONE 4
POWERUN 4
POWRORGS 4
PRAY X X X X 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
PRAYER X X X X X X X 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
PRAYERX X
PRAYERY X
PRAYFREQ 4 4 2
PREACH 4
PREDETER 4
PREFSETS 4 4 4
PREMARS1 4 4 4 2
PREMARSX X X X X X X X X X 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
PRES00 4 4 4 4 4 4
PRES04 12 12 12 4 4
PRES08 4 4
PRES68 X X
PRES72 X X X X X
PRES76 X X X X
PRES80 X X X X X
PRES84 X X X 4 4
PRES88 4 4 4 4
PRES92 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
PRES96 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
PRESPOP 1
PRESFRST 4
PRESTG80 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4
PRESTIGE X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4
PRETEEN X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
PRIAGNCY 4 8
PRICECON X 4 4 8
PRIDEORG 4 8
PRIVACY X
PRIVENT 4 4 4 4 1
PRIVGOVT 4 8
PRIVPRAY 4
PRIVSCH 4 4 4
PROB1 6 7
PROB2 6 7
PROB3 6 7
PROB4 6 7
PROBFIX1 4
PROBFIX2 4
PROBFIX3 4
PROBHLP1 4
PROBHLP2 4
PROBHLP3 4
PROCESSR 4
PRODCTIV 4 4 4 4 4
PROFITS1 2
PROFITS2 2
PROGTAX X 4
PROMOTED 4
PROMOTN 4 4 8
PROMOTNG 4
PROMTEFR 4 4 4 4 4
PROMTEOK 4 4 4 4 4
PROTEST 4
PROTEST1 X 4 4 8
PROTEST2 X 4
PROTEST3 X 4 4 8
Appendix U
VARIABLE
PROTEST4 X 4
PROTEST5 X 4
PROTEST6 X 4 4 8
PROTSTRS 4
PROTTEMP X 4 1 2
PROUD 4
PROUDART 4 4
PROUDDEM 4 4
PROUDECO 4 4
PROUDEMP 4 4 4 4 4
PROUDGRP 4 4
PROUDHIS 4 4
PROUDMIL 4 4
PROUDORG 4
PROUDPOL 4 4
PROUDSCI 4 4
PROUDSPT 4 4
PROUDSSS 4 4
PROUDWRK 4
PROWAR X
PROZ1 4 4 4
PROZ2 4 2
PROZ3 4 4
PROZ4 4 4
PROZ5 4 4
PROZ6 4 4
PROZ7 4 4
PROZ8 4 4
PROZ9 4 4
PROZAC 4 4
PROZFOR1 4
PROZFOR2 4
PROZFOR3 4
PROZKID1 4
PROZKID2 4
PROZKID3 4
PROZSLF1 4 4
PROZSLF2 4 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
PROZSLF3 4 4
PROZSLF4 4 4
PRYNTFAM 4
PSYCDRCT 4
PSYCFDOC 4
PSYCKID1 4
PSYCKID2 4
PSYCKID3 4
PSYCMED1 4 4
PSYCMED2 4
PSYCMED3 4 4
PSYCMED4 4 4
PSYCMED5 4 4
PSYCMED6 4 4
PSYCMED7 4 4
PSYCPSYC 4
PUBAGNCY 4 8
PUBDECID 4 4 4 1
PUBDEF X
PUBECON X
PUBSCH 4 4 4
PUNARMS 6 4
PUNENMY 6 4
PUNFRND 6 4
PUNLEAK 6 4
PUNSIN 4 4 4 4 4
PUNTRCK 6 4
PUTDOWN 4 4 4
PUTSOFF 4
QUALITY 4
QUANTITY 4
QUITSMK X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2
RACAVOID X
RACCARE X
RACCHNG X X X 1 1 1 1 1 1
RACCHURH X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2
RACCLOS X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4
RACDIF1 X X X 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Appendix U
VARIABLE
RACDIF2 X X X 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
RACDIF3 X X X 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
RACDIF4 X X X 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
RACDIN X X X X X X X X X
RACDIS X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4
RACE X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
RACE1 X 4
RACE2 X 4
RACE3 X 4
RACE4 X 4
RACE5 X 4
RACECEN1 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
RACECEN2 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
RACECEN3 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
RACEDBTF 4 4 4
RACESEE 4 4 4
RACESELF 4 4
RACFEW X X X X X X X X X 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 1
RACFIRM X
RACGIVE X
RACHAF X X X X X X X X X 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 1
RACHISCH X
RACHOME X X X X X X X X X 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 8
RACIMP X
RACINC X
RACINFO X
RACINTEG X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4
RACISTS 4
RACJOB X
RACJOIN X
RACLIVE X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
RACMAR X X X X X X X X X X X 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
RACMAR10 X
RACMAREL X
RACMARPR X
RACMEET 4
RACMIX X
RACMOST X X X X X X X X X 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 1
Appendix U
VARIABLE
RACNAME X
RACNEIGH X
RACNOBUY X
RACOBJCT X
RACOCC X
RACOPEN X X X X X X X X X 2 2 4 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3
RACOPNOW X
RACOPWIL X
RACPARTY X
RACPRES X X X X X X X X X 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
RACPROMO 4
RACPUB X X 4
RACPUSH X X X X X X X X X 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
RACQUIT X
RACQUOTA 4
RACREL12 1 4 4
RACSCHOL X X X X X X X
RACSEG X X X X X X X X 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
RACSPEAK X 4
RACSUBGV X
RACSUBS X
RACSUPS X
RACTCH15 X
RACTEACH X
RACTHINK X
RACTRUST X
RACWORK 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 3
RACWRITE X
RADIOACT 2 2 4 3 2
RADIOHRS X X X
RAGEEMP 4
RAISEALL 4
RAISED 4
RAISEFAV 4
RAISEHRD 4
RANK X X 4 4 8 4 4
RANK10 4
RATETONE 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
RAP 4
RCLOSE1 X X
RCLOSE2 X X
RCLOSE3 X X
RCLOSE4 X
RCLOSE5 X
RDEEMLIB X X X
RDISCAFF 4
RDK 4
RDOWELL 4
REACTOK 4
READFICT 4
READWORD 4
REALINC X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4
REALRINC X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4
REALTOR1 4
REALTORA 4
REALTORB 4
REALTORC 4
REALTORD 4
REALTORE 4
REALTORF 4
REBORN 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
RECYCLE 4 4 4 1
REDCEHME 1
REDEEMER X X
REDUCEMP 4
REFMORWK 4
REFPROMO 4
REFRNDMS 4
REFUGEES 4
REFXHOUR 4
REG16 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
REGDOC 4 4
REGDOCYR 4 4
REGGAE 4
REGION X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4
REINCAR 2
Appendix U
VARIABLE
RELACTIV 4 4 4 4 4
RELACTIV1 2
RELAGENT 4
RELALT1 4
RELALT2 4
RELALT3 4
RELALT4 4
RELALT5 4
RELALT6 4
RELART 4
RELATE1 X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
RELATSEX 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
RELBSTSC 2 2 3
RELCALL X
RELCAND 2
RELCMFRT 4
RELDEALR 4
RELEXP 4 4 4 4 4 4
RELEXPER 4 4 4 4 4
RELEXT1 2
RELEXT2 2
RELFIXER 4
RELGENDR 4
RELGRADE 1
RELGRPEQ 2
Appendix U
VARIABLE
RELHH1 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
RELHH2 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
RELHH3 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
RELHH4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
RELHH5 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
RELHH6 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
RELHH7 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
RELHH8 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
RELHH9 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
RELHH10 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
RELHH11 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
RELHH12 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
RELHH13 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
RELHH14 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
RELHHD1 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
RELHHD2 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
RELHHD3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
RELHHD4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
RELHHD5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
RELHHD6 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
RELHHD7 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
RELHHD8 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
RELHHD9 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
RELHHD10 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
RELHHD11 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
RELHHD12 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
RELHHD13 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
RELHHD14 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
RELHOME 4
RELHRS1 4
RELHRS2 4
RELID1 4 4 4 4
RELID2 4 4 4 4
RELID3 4 4 4 4
RELIDBST 4 4 4 4
RELIEDON 4 4
RELIG X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
RELIG1 X 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
RELIG16 X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
RELIG2 X 4
RELIG3 X 4
RELIG30 1 4 4 4 2
RELIG4 X 4
RELIG5 X 4
RELIGCON 4 2
RELIGID 4 4 4
RELIGINF 4
RELIGINT 4 2
RELIGKID 4 2
RELIGPUB 4
RELIGSP 4 4 2
RELINFSC 2 2 3
RELITEN X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
RELLAW 4
RELLIFE 4 4 4 4 4
RELMARRY 2
RELMEET 4
RELMHSP1 4
RELMHSP2 4
RELMHSP3 4
RELMHSP4 4
RELMHSP5 4
RELMHSP6 4
RELMOST X
RELNEG 4 4 4
RELNUM X
RELOBJCT 2
RELPERSN 4 4 4 4 4 4
RELPRIVT 4
RELSCH 4 4 4
RELSP1 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
RELSP2 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
RELSP3 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
RELSP4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
RELSP5 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
RELSP6 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
RELSP7 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
RELSP8 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
RELSP9 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
RELSP10 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
RELSP11 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
RELSP12 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
RELSP13 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
RELSP14 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
RELSPRT 2
RELSPRT1 4
RELSPRT2 4
RELTIME X
RELTRUTH 4 2
RELVISIT X
REORG 4
REPAIRS 4
REPAIRS1 4 1
REPLACEU 8
REQINFO 4
RES16 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
RES161 4
RES2006 4 4
RES2008 4
RES2010 4
RESDEFWK X
RESNATUR 4 4
RESPECT 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
RESPNUM X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
RESPONSI X X X X X X
RESPONSY X X X
RESPONSZ X
RESTACT X
RESTLESS 4
RETCHNGE 4 4 3
REVMEET 4
REVOLTRS 4
REVPUB X 4 4 8
REVSPEAK X 4 4 8
Appendix U
VARIABLE
REVTCH15 X
REWRDEFF 4
REWRDINT 4
REXPERNC 4
RFAMLOOK 1
RFAMRESP 4
RFLEXHRS 4
RFREENOW 4
RGHTSMIN 4
RHHWORK 4 1
RHIINC 4 4 8
RHLPOTHS 4 4 8
RHLPSOC 4 4 8
RHMEWRK 4
RHOWFREE 4
RICHEDUC 4
RICHHLTH 4
RICHPOOR 4
RICHWORK X X X X X X X X X 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 3
RIFLE X X X X X X X X X 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
RIFLES50 4
RIGHTPEO 2
RIGHTREF 4
RIMMDISC 4
RIMPSKLS 8
RINCBLLS 4 4 4 4 4
RINCOM06 12 12 12 4 4 4
RINCOM77 X X X
RINCOM82 X X X X
RINCOM86 X X 4 4 4
RINCOM91 4 4 4 4 4 4
RINCOM98 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12
RINCOME X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
RINTJOB 4 4 8
RLEISURE 4
ROBBRY X X X X X X X X X 3 3 3 3 3 3
ROBJECT 4 4
ROLE X X X X X X
Appendix U
VARIABLE
ROLECCP 4
ROLECLRG 4
ROLEGP 4
ROLEMA 4
ROLEPA 4
ROLETCHR 4
ROLEY X X X
ROLEZ X
ROMANCE 4 4
ROSARIES 4
ROTAPPLE 4 4 4 4 4
ROWNGUN X X X X X 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
RPAYSAME 4
RPLACE X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
RPROMOTN 4 4 8
RPRTST1 4
RPRTST15 4
RPRTST3 4
RPRTST35 4
RPTCOWRK 4
RPTPROBS 4 4
RSECJOB 4 4 8
RSPCTREL 2
RUDEWK 4
RUMORWK 4
RUNBANKS 4
RUNDRSTD 4 4
RUNHOSP 4
RUNPOWER 4
RUSHED X 4 2
RUSSIA X X X X X X X 1 1 1 1 1 1
RVISITOR X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
RWRKBABY 4 4 4
RWRKGRWN 4 4 4
RWRKINDP 4 4 8
RWRKNOKD 4 4 4
RWRKSCH 4 4 4
RXMED 4 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
RYRSFIRM 4
SAD 4
SADBLUE 4 4
SAFEFRST 4 4 4 4 4
SAFEHLTH 4 4 4 4 4
SAFETYWK 4 4 4 4 4
SALABORT X
SALFERGT X
SALLABOR X
SALSATFN X
SALSCI X
SALTH2O 4
SAMEJOB 4
SAMEVALS 4
SAMEWORK 4 4
SAMPCODE X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4
SAMPLE X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4
SAQGENE 4
SAQISSP 4
SAQSEX 4
SATCAR 4
SATCITY X X X X X X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2
SATDEMOC 4
SATFAM X X X X X X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2
SATFAM7 4 1
SATFIN X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
SATFIXES 4
SATFRND X X X X X X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2
SATHEALT X X X X X X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2
SATHOBBY X X X X X X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2
SATHOME 4
SATJOB X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 6 4 6 4 4 4
SATJOB1 4 4 4 4 4
SATJOB7 4 1
SATLAWYR 4
SATSELF 4 4
SATURDAY 3 4
SAVEJOBS X 4 4 8
Appendix U
VARIABLE
SAVESOUL 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
SAYGRACE 4
SBALIVE1 4 4
SBALIVE2 4 4
SBALIVE3 4 4
SBALIVE4 4 4
SBALIVE5 4 4
SBALIVE6 4 4
SBALIVE7 4 4
SBALIVE8 4 4
SBALIVE9 4 4
SBDEG 4 4
SBEDUC 4 4
SBEVWORK 4 4
SBIND80 4 4
SBOCC80 4 4
SBPICKED 4 4
SBPRES80 4 4
SBREL1 4 4
SBREL2 4 4
SBREL3 4 4
SBREL4 4 4
SBREL5 4 4
SBREL6 4 4
SBREL7 4 4
SBREL8 4 4
SBREL9 4 4
SBSEX1 4 4
SBSEX2 4 4
SBSEX3 4 4
SBSEX4 4 4
SBSEX5 4 4
SBSEX6 4 4
SBSEX7 4 4
SBSEX8 4 4
SBSEX9 4 4
SBWORK1 4 4
SBWORK2 4 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
SBWRKSLF 4 4
SBYRBRN1 4 4
SBYRBRN2 4 4
SBYRBRN3 4 4
SBYRBRN4 4 4
SBYRBRN5 4 4
SBYRBRN6 4 4
SBYRBRN7 4 4
SBYRBRN8 4 4
SBYRBRN9 4 4
SCHL30 1 4 4 4 2
SCHLETH 4
SCHLHEAD X
SCHLPRAY 4
SCHOOL X
SCHOOLNG 4
SCI30 1 4 4 4 2
SCIAGRGW 2 2 3
SCIBNFTS 2 2 4 3 2
SCIBSTGW 2 2 3
SCICHNG 4
SCIENTAL 2
SCIENTBE 2
SCIENTBR 2
SCIENTDA 2
SCIENTDN 2
SCIENTDO 2
SCIENTFU 2
SCIENTGO 2
SCIENTHE 2
SCIENTMO 2
SCIENTOD 2
SCIENTR 2
SCIENTRE 2
SCIENTSN 2
SCIENTWK 2
SCIFAITH 4 4 4 1
SCIFROM 2 2 4 7 2
Appendix U
VARIABLE
SCIFROMY 3
SCIGRN 4 4 4 1
SCIIMP1 2 2
SCIIMP2 2 2
SCIIMP3 2 2
SCIIMP4 2 2
SCIIMP5 2 2
SCIIMP6 2 2
SCIIMP7 2 2
SCIIMP8 2 2
SCIINFGO 3
SCIINFGW 2 2 3
SCIINTRO 4
SCINEWS1 7 2
SCINEWS2 7 2
SCINEWS3 7 2
SCIMATH 4
SCIMODE 4
SCIMORAL 4
SCIPRY 4
SCISOLVE 4
SCISPEC 2 2
SCISTUDY 2 2 4 3 2
SCITEST1 4 4
SCITEST2 4 4
SCITEST3 4 4 4
SCITEST4 4 4 4
SCITEST5 4 4 4
SCITESTY 4
SCITEXT 7 4 3 2
SCIWORSE 4 4
SCMED 2 2 3
SCPOL 2 2 3
SCRELIG 2 2 3
SCRESRCH 2 2 3
SEALEVEL 2 2 3
SECBUDGT 4 4
SECDIPLO 4 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
SECDOCS 4 4 4
SECJOB 4 4 8
SECMILOP 4 4
SECONDWK 4 4 4 4 4
SECOPIN 4 4
SECPRVCY 4
SECTECH 4 4 4
SECTERR 4 4
SEECOWRK 4 4 4 4
SEEFILM 3
SEEKSCI 2 2 4 7 2
SEEKSCIY 3
SEEMHPUB 4
SEEMOVIE 4 4 4
SEENMNTL 4
SEESAND 4
SEI 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4
SELFEMP1 8
SELFEMP2 8
SELFFRST 4 4 3
SELFHELP 4 4 4 4
SELFIRST 4 4
SELFISH 4 4
SELFLESS 4 4 3
SELFRESP 4
SELLAUTO 4
SELLBABY 4
SELLBED 4
SELLHOME 4
SELLORGN 4
SELLSEX 4
SEMIGUNS 4
SERIOUSP 4 4
SERVEGRP X
SERVEPEO 4
SETHOURS 4 8
SETPRICE X 4 4
SETTHNGS 4 4 4 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
SETWAGE X 4 4
SEX X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
SEX1 X 4
SEX2 X 4
SEX3 X 4
SEX4 X 4
SEX5 X 4
SEXEDUC X X X X X X X 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
SEXEMP 4
SEXFREQ 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
SEXFREQ1 4
SEXFREQ2 4
SEXHAR 4 4
SEXORNT 4 4 4
SEXPROMO 4 4
SEXSEX 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
SEXSEX5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
SEXSEX18 4 4
SEXUNION 4
SHAKEBLU 4
SHARESEP 4
SHOP1 4 1
SHOPFOOD 4
SHOPMOVE 4
SHOPNUM 4
SHOPREL 4
SHOTGUN X X X X X X X X X 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
SHOUT 4 4 4
SHOWANGR 4
SHOWFEEL 4
SIBCALL 4
SIBDEATH X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2
SIBINLAW 4
SIBLING1 X X 4
SIBLING2 X X 4
SIBLING3 X X 4
SIBLING4 X 4
SIBLING5 X 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
SIBMOST 4
SIBNUM 4
SIBORDER 1
SIBS X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
SIBVISIT 4
SICK1 X
SICK1A 4
SICK2 X
SICK2A 4
SIGNDPET 4
SIGNPET 4
SINGLPAR 4 4 1
SISCALL X
SISNUM X
SISTIME X
SISVISIT X
SITEYRS 4 4
SIZE X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4
SKILTEST 4
SKIPWORK 4 4
SKLTRAIN 8
SLFMANGD 4 4
SLFRSPCT 4 4
SLPPRBLM 4
SLSMNSHP 2
SMALLBIG 4 4 8
SMOKE X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2
SMOKECIG X X X X X
SOCACTS 4
SOCBAR X X X X X X X X 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
SOCDIF1 4
SOCDIF2 4
SOCDIF3 4
SOCDIF4 4
SOCFREND X X X X X X X X 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
SOCID1 4
SOCID2 4
SOCID3 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
SOCOMMUN X X X X X X X X 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
SOCPARS X X X X X 1 1 1 1 1 1
SOCREL X X X X X X X X 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
SOCRIGHT 4
SOCSCI 2 2 2
SOCSECFX 4
SOCSECNU 4
SOCSECRT 4
SOCSIBS X X X X X 1 1 1 1 1 1
SOCTYPE1 4
SOCTYPE2 4
SOLARREV 2 2 4 4 2
SOLCHURH X
SOLFARM X
SOLFRAT X
SOLGREEK X
SOLHOBBY X
SOLLIT X
SOLNAT X
SOLOK 4
SOLOTHER X
SOLPOLIT X
SOLPROF X
SOLSCHL X
SOLSERV X
SOLSPORT X
SOLUNION X
SOLVEOWN 4
SOLVET X
SOLYOUTH X
SONCALL X
SONNUM X
SONTIME X
SONVISIT X
SPANENG 12 12 12 4 4 4
SPANINT 12 12 12 4 4
SPANKING X 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
SPANSELF 12 12 12 4 4 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
SPARMS X 4 4 8
SPARTS X 4 4 8
SPATTEND X X 4 1
SPDAYS X
SPDEATH X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2
SPDEG X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
SPDEN X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
SPDEN16 X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4
SPDIPGED
SPDOTDAT X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4
SPDOTGED X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4
SPDOTPEO X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4
SPDOTPRE X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4
SPDOTSVP X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4
SPDOTTHN X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4
SPDRUGS 4
SPDSABKD 4
SPDUE X
SPEDUC X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
SPENDEVE 4
SPENVIRO X 4 4
SPETH1 X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4
SPETH2 X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4
SPETH3 X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4
SPETHNIC X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4
SPETHNUM X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4
SPEVDIV 4 4
SPEVWORK X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
SPFAM16 4
SPFALOOK 1
SPFOODKD 4
SPFUND X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
SPFUND16 X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4
SPHEADST 4
SPHEALER 4
SPHEDIND 4
SPHEDOCC 4
SPHEDPRE 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
SPHEDSLF 4
SPHHWORK 4 1
SPHLTH X 4 4 8
SPHLTHKD 4
SPHMEWRK 4
SPHOMEKD 4
SPHOUR X
SPHRS1 X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
SPHRS2 X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
SPIND X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4
SPIND10 4
SPIND80 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4
SPIRITS X 4 1 4
SPISC681 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4
SPISCO68 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4
SPISCO88 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4
SPJEW 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
SPJEW16 4 4 4 4 4 4 2 4
SPJEWAJ 4
SPJOTH16 2 4
SPJREL16 4
SPKATH X X X X X X X X X X 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
SPKCOM X X X X X X X X X X 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
SPKHOME1 4 4
SPKHOME2 4 4
SPKHOMO X X X X X X X X X 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
SPKLANG 4 4 4 4 4 4
SPKLANG1 4
SPKLANG2 4
SPKLANG3 4
SPKLANGW 4 4
SPKMIL X X X X X X X 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
SPKMSLM 3 3 3
SPKRAC X X X X X X X 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
SPKSOC X X X
SPLIVE 1
SPLOCNUM 4
SPMAEDUC 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
SPMARNUM 4
SPMENTL 4 4
SPNATDIS 8
SPOCC X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4
SPOCC10 4
SPOCC80 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4
SPORTS30 1 4 4 4 4 2
SPOTH16 X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4
SPOTHER X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
SPOTHJEW 2 4
SPOUSE X X
SPOUSE1 X X 4
SPOUSE2 X X 4
SPOUSE3 X X 4
SPOUSE4 X 4
SPOUSE5 X 4
SPPAEDUC 4
SPPAID X
SPPART 4
SPPILL 4
SPPOLICE X 4 4 8
SPPOORKD 4
SPPREGNT 4
SPPRES X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4
SPPRES80 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4
SPREL X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
SPREL16 X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
SPRETIRE X 4 4 8
SPRTPRSN 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
SPSCHOOL X 4 4 8
SPSEI 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4
SPSIBS 4
SPTMKID1 4
SPTMKID2 4
SPTMKID3 4
SPTMKID4 4
SPUNEMP X 4 4 8
SPVTRFAIR 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
SPWKBABY 4 4
SPWKGRWN 4 4
SPWKNOKD 4 4
SPWRKGVT 8
SPWRKPAR 4
SPWRKSCH 4 4
SPWRKSLF X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
SPWRKSTA X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
SPYENEMY 4
SPYFREND 4
SPYRBORN 4
SRCBELT X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4
SRCHENG 1 4 4
SRCHENG1 1 4
SRCHENG2 1 4
SRCHWRK 4
SSFCHILD 1
SSMCHILD 1
STAIRS 4
STANDUP 4
STARTBIZ 4
STATEART 4
STAYORG1 4
STAYORG2 4
STAYORG3 4 8
STIFFPUN 4
STOCKOPS 4 4 4 4 4
STOCKVAL 4 4 4 4
STOPRNDM 8
STORMTXT 4
STRESS 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4
STRESSES 4 4
STRESSFL 4
STRIKE X
STRNGUN 4
STRREDPG 4
STRSSHME 4
STRSSWRK 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
STUDIOUS X X X X X X
STUDIOUY X X X
STUDIOUZ X
SUCCESS X X X X X X
SUCCESSY X X X
SUCCESSZ X
SUFADULT 4
SUIAGE 4 4
SUIAGE2 4 4
SUIAGE3 4 4
SUICIDE1 X X X X X X 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
SUICIDE2 X X X X X X 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
SUICIDE3 X X X X X X 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
SUICIDE4 X X X X X X 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
SUIKNEW 4 4
SUIRAC2 4 4
SUIRAC3 4 4
SUIRACE 4 4
SUIREG 4 4
SUIREG2 4 4
SUIREG3 4 4
SUISEX 4 4
SUISEX2 4 4
SUISEX3 4 4
SUIWHO 4 4
SUIWHO2 4 4
SUIWHO3 4 4
SUNDAY 3 4
SUNSCH16 4 4
SUPCARES 4 4 4 4 4 4
SUPDUTY1 4
SUPDUTY2 4
SUPDUTY3 4
SUPDUTY4 4
SUPDUTY5 4
SUPDUTY6 4
SUPDUTY7 4
SUPERVIS 4 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
SUPFAM 4
SUPFAM1 4
SUPHELP 4 4 4 4 4
SUPNUM 4
SUPOTHRS 4
SWAYVOTE X
SWITAGE1 4
SWITAGE2 4
SWITCH1 4
SWITCH2 4
SWITCH3 4
SWITCHED 4
SWITHLTH 4
SWITNUM 4
SWITWHY1 4
SWITWHY2 4
SYMPCOUN 4
SYMPTBLK 4
SYNMEM 4 4
TABLPRCE 4
TAGSALES 4
TAKEARMS 4
TAKETRCK 4
TALKBACK 4
TALKEDTO 4 4 3
TALKEMP 4 4 4 4
TALKPOL X
TALKPOL1 X
TALKPOL2 X
TALKPOL3 X
TALKSUP 4 4 4 4
TALKTEAM 4 4
TALKTO1 X 4
TALKTO2 X 4
TALKTO3 X 4
TALKTO4 X 4
TALKTO5 X 4
TAPHME 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
TAPPHONE 8
TAPWRK 4
TAX X X X X X X X 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
TAXCHEAT 4 4
TAXES12 1 4 4
TAXMID X 4 8
TAXPOOR X 4 8
TAXRICH X 4 8 2
TAXSERVE X X
TAXSHARE X 4 2
TAXSPEND 4
TEACHETH 4
TEAMSAFE 4 4 4 4 4
TECHJOBS 4
TECHWORK 4
TECSUP 4
TEENPILL X X X X X
TEENS X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
TEENSEX X 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
TEENSEX1 4
TEMPFAM 4 4
TEMPGEN 4 4 4
TEMPGEN1 1
TERMECON 4
TERMEMOT 4
TERMINAL 4
TERMPAIN 4
TERMPAY 4
TERMREL 4
TERMVIG 4
TESTDRUG 4
THEISM 4 4 2
THISJOB1 4
THISJOB2 4
THISJOB3 4
THISJOB4 4
THISJOB5 4
THISJOB6 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
THISJOB7 4
THNKANGR 4
THNKSELF X X 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
THREKIDS 4
THURSDAY 3 4
TICKET X X X X X X X 3
TIMEFAM 4 4 8
TIMEFRND 4 4 8
TIMEHHWK 4 4 8
TIMEHOME 4
TIMEKID1 4 4
TIMEKID2 4 4
TIMEKID3 4 4
TIMEKID4 4 4
TIMELEIS 4 4 8
TIMEOFF 8
TIMEPDWK 4 4 8
TIMERELX 4
TIMEWORK 4
TIREDHM1 1
TIREDHME 4
TIREDWK1 1
TIREDWRK 4
TITHING X 4 1
TLKCLRGY 4 4
TLKFAM 4 4
TOLDEXP1 4
TOLDEXP2 4
TOLDEXP3 4
TOLDREL1 4
TOLDREL2 4
TOLDREL3 4
TOLDSMSX 4
TOLDSXOR 4
TOLDWORK 4 4
TOMATOES 3
TOODIFME 4 4 4 1
TOOFAST 2 2 4 3 2
Appendix U
VARIABLE
TOOFEWWK 4 4 4 4 4
TOPPROB1 1
TOPPROB2 1
TOTALNUM 4
TOTART 4
TOTEDUC 4
TOTENVIR 4
TOTFOUND 4
TOTHLTH 4
TOTHUMAN 4
TOTINFRM 4
TOTINTL 4
TOTMONEY 4
TOTOTH 4
TOTPOL 4
TOTPUB 4
TOTREC 4
TOTRELIG 4
TOTSUP 4
TOTUNEMP 4
TOTWORK 4
TOTYOUTH 4
TRADMOD 4
TRAINING 4
TRAINOPS 4 4 4 4
TRAINSCH 4 4
TRANSAIR X
TRANSOTH 4
TRANSREL 4
TRAREL1 X X X X
TRAREL5 X X X X
TRATOT1 X X X X
TRATOT5 X X X X
TRAUMA1 X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2
TRAUMA5 X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2
TRAVEL12 1 4 4 4
TRAVEL30 1 4 4 4 2
TRAVELGN 4 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
TRAVELUS 4 4
TRBLLAW 4
TRDUNION 4 4 4 4 3
TREAT1 4
TREAT10 4
TREAT11 4
TREAT2 4
TREAT3 4
TREAT4 4
TREAT5 4
TREAT6 4
TREAT7 4
TREAT8 4
TREAT9 4
TREATRES 4 4 4
TRTCOPS 4
TRSTPROF 4 4
TRTASIAN 4
TRTATTND 4
TRTBLACK 4
TRTBRNDA 4
TRTCHILD 4
TRTCOHAB 4
TRTCON 4
TRTDEMS 4
TRTELECS 4
TRTGAY 4
TRTGOATT 4
TRTHISP 4
TRTHOME 4
TRTJANS 4
TRTJOSE 4
TRTKAREN 4
TRTKEITH 4
TRTKEVIN 4
TRTLAWS 4
TRTLIB 4
TRTLINDA 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
TRTMARIA 4
TRTMARK 4
TRTMILS 4
TRTMYRAC 4
TRTNOATT 4
TRTPRISN 4
TRTRACHL 4
TRTREPS 4
TRTSHAWN 4
TRTSOCS 4
TRTUNEMP 4
TRTWHITE 4
TRUST5 1
TRUST X X X X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 12 12 12 2 2 2
TRUSTCRT 4
TRUSTDOC 4
TRUSTFAM 4
TRUSTING 4
TRUSTMAN 4 4 4 4 4
TRUSTPEO 4
TRUSTSCI 4 2
TRUSTY X
TRYNEWJB 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
TUESDAY 3 4
TVBEARS 2 2
TVHOURS X X X X X X X X 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
TVINUIT 2 2
TVMELTNG 2 2
TVMOV30 1 4 4 4 2
TVNEWS 4
TVOIL 2 2
TVOZONE 2 2
TVPBS 4
TVRELIG 4 4
TVSHOWS 4
TWOCLASS 4
TWOINCS 4 4
TWOINCS1 4 4 1
Appendix U
VARIABLE
TWOKIDS 4
TWOLANG 4
TXBIZ 2 2
TXECO 2 2 3
TXPOL 2 2 3
TYPCHURH 4
TYPDEALR 4
TYPEORG 4 4
TYPEURL 1 4 4
TYPEVISA 4
TYPFARM 4
TYPFRAT 4
TYPGREEK 4
TYPHOBBY 4
TYPINFRM 4
TYPIST X
TYPLIT 4
TYPNAT 4
TYPOTHER 4
TYPPOLIT 4
TYPPROF 4
TYPSCHL 4
TYPSERV 4
TYPSPORT 4
TYPUNION 4
TYPVET 4
TYPYOUTH 4
UNAUNUM X
UNBETTER 8
UNBORED 4
UNCAUNTS 4
UNDK 4
UNDOCCOL 4
UNDOCKID 4
UNDOCWRK 4
UNEMP X X X X X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
UNEMP5 X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2
UNFAMTEN 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
UNHLTHY 4
UNION X X X X X X X X X X 2 2 2 4 4 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 10 10 10 2 2 2
UNIONGOD 4
UNIONSOK 4
UNITED 4 4
UNJOBEXP 4
UNJOBSEC 8
UNMANREL 4
UNMONEY 4
UNPEOPLE 4
UNPLEZNT 4
UNPOWER 4
UNPROG 4
UNREL1 X X X X
UNREL4 X X X X
UNRELAT X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
UNRESPCT 4
UNRGHTS 4
UNSKLRNK 4
UNSLFCON 4
UNVOTE 4
UPBREATH 4
UPGRADE X
UPLOAD 1 4 4 4
UPSDOWNS 4 4
UPSET1 X
UPSET2 X
USAMIND 4
USANGRY 4
USASN 4
USBLK 4
USCITZN 4 4 4
USCLASS1 X
USCLASS2 X
USCLASS3 X
USCLASS4 X
USCLASS5 X
USCLASS6 X
Appendix U
VARIABLE
USCLASS7 X
USCLASS8 X
USDOENUF 1
USEDMNTL 4
USEDPROZ 4 4
USEDUP 4 4 4 4 4
USEFRDS 4
USEHOME 1
USELANG 4
USEMEDIA 4
USENTHUS 4
USEPSYC1 4 4
USEPSYC2 4 4
USEPSYC3 4 4
USEPSYC4 4 4
USESKILL 4 8
USEVCR 4
USEWWW 1 4 4 4 2 1 1
USFRUSTR 4
USHISP 4
USHOPEFL 4
USINTL X X X X X X X X X 1 1 1 1 1 1 8
USJEWS 4
USMIXED 4
USREP X
USSAT 4
USSPY 4
USTERROR 4
USUN X X X X X X X X 1 1 1 1 1 1
USUPSET 4
USWAR X X X X X X X 6 4
USWARY X X X 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 5 4
USWHT 4
USWORRY 4
VALART 4
VALEDUC 4
VALENVIR 4
VALFOUND 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
VALHLTH 4
VALHUMAN 4
VALINFRM 4
VALINTL 4
VALOTH 4
VALPOL 4
VALPUB 4
VALREC 4
VALRELIG 4
VALWORK 4
VALYOUTH 4
VERDICT X 4 4 8
VERSION 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
VETAID X
VETFAM X X
VETFAMNW X
VETKIND X X X X X X X
VETYEARS X X X X X X X X 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 4
VIGFRND 4 4
VIGGRP 4 4
VIGLAB06 4
VIGLABEL 4
VIGMAR 4 4
VIGNEI 4 4
VIGSOC 4 4
VIGVERMY 4 8
VIGVERSN 4
VIGWORK 4 4
VIOLASNS 4 4
VIOLBLKS 4 4
VIOLHSPS 4 4
VIOLJEWS 4 4
VIOLPEOP 4
VIOLSELF 4
VIOLSO 4
VIOLTV 4
VIOLWHTS 4 4
VIRUSES 2 2 4 3 2
Appendix U
VARIABLE
VISA 4
VISART 4 2
VISIONS X 4 1
VISITART 4 4 4 4
VISITORS X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
VISLIB 4 2
VISNHIST 4 2
VISSCI 4 2
VISTHOLY 2
VISZOO 4 2
VOEDCOL 4
VOEDNME1 4
VOEDNCOL 4
VOEDNME2 4
VOLACTY2 1
VOLACTYR 1
VOLART 4
VOLARTS 4
VOLCHRTY 4 4 3
VOLEDUC 4
VOLENVIR 4
VOLFOUND 4
VOLHLTH 4
VOLHUMAN 4
VOLINFRM 4
VOLINTL 4
VOLMONTH 3
VOLOTH 4
VOLREC 4
VOLRELIG 4
VOLWKCHR 4
VOLWKOTH 4
VOLWKPOL 4
VOLWKREL 4
VOLWORK 4
VOLYOUTH 4
VOTE00 4 4 4 4 4 4
VOTE04 12 12 12 4 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
VOTE08 4 4
VOTE68 X X
VOTE72 X X X X X
VOTE76 X X X X
VOTE80 X X X X X
VOTE84 X X X 4 4
VOTE88 4 4 4 4
VOTE92 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
VOTE96 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
VOTEELEC 4
VOTEFOR 4
VPSU 4
VSTRAT 4
WAIT1 4
WAIT10 4
WAIT11 4
WAIT2 4
WAIT3 4
WAIT4 4
WAIT5 4
WAIT6 4
WAIT7 4
WAIT8 4
WAIT9 4
WANTADS 4 8
WANTBEST 4
WANTJOB 4
WANTJOB1 4 8
WANTJOB2 4 8
WARRNTYC 4 4
WARRNTYH 4 4
WATCHGOV 4
WATERFAM 4 4
WATERGEN 4 4 4 1
WAYPAID 4 4 4 4 4
WAYRAISE 4 4
WEALTH 4 4
WEBABLE 4 2
Appendix U
VARIABLE
WEBMOB 1 1
WEBTV 1 4 4 4
WEBYR 4 4 4 4
WEDNESDY 3 4
WEEKEND 4
WEEKLY 4 4
WEEKSWRK 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
WEIGHING 4
WELFARE1 X
WELFARE2 X
WELFARE3 X
WELFARE4 X
WELFARE5 X
WELFARE6 X
WHENCOL 4
WHENHS 4
WHERE1 X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
WHEREWRK 4
WHICHSCI 2 2
WHNANGRY 4
WHOELSE1 4 4 4
WHOELSE2 4 4 4
WHOELSE3 4 4 4
WHOELSE4 4 4 4
WHOELSE5 4 4 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
WHOELSE6 4 4 4
WHOLOAND 4
WHOSOLD 4
WHOTEACH 4
WHTCHNG 4
WHTCLS 4
WHTCOM 4
WHTGOVT 4
WHTREL 4
WHTSCHL 4
WHTSDIFF 4 4
WHTWRK 4
WHYBIZ 4
WHYCHNG1 4
WHYCHNG2 4
WHYCHNG3 4
WHYJBCT1 4
WHYJBCT2 4
WHYJBEND 4 8
WHYLEAVE 4
WHYLOSE1 4
WHYLOSE2 4
WHYLOSE3 4
WHYNOJB1 4
WHYNOJB2 4
WHYPOOR1 4
WHYPOOR2 4
WHYPOOR3 4
WHYPOOR4 4
WHYWKHME 4 4 4 4
WIDOWED X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
WILLWED1 4
WILLWED2 4 4
WIRTAP X X X X X X X X 1 1 1 1 1 1
WKAGEISM 4 4 4 4 4 4
WKBONUS 4 4 4 4
WKBHVRS 4
WKCOMPTR 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
WKDECIDE 4 4 4 4 4
WKFAMBIZ 4
WKFREEDM 4 4 4 4 4
WKHAROTH 4 4 4 4 4
WKHARSEX 4 4 4 4 4
WKKIDSCL 1
WKKIDSCS 1
WKNDACT 1
WKPRAISE 4 4 4 4 4
WKRACISM 4 4 4 4 4
WKRSPNS
WKSEXISM 4 4 4 4 4
WKSMOOTH 4 4 4 4 4
WKSTRESS 4 4
WKSUB X X X X X X X X X X 3 3 3 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 12 12 12 4 4
WKSUBS X X X X X X X X X X 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 12 12 12 4 4
WKSUP X X X X X X X X X X 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 12 12 12 4 4
WKSUPS X X X X X X X X X X 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 12 12 12 4 4
WKTENURE 4
WKTOPSAT 4 4 4 4
WKVSFAM 4 4 4 4 4
WKYNGSCL 1
WKYNGSCS 1
WLTHASNS 4 4 4
WLTHBLKS 4 4 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
WLTHHSPS 4 4 4
WLTHIMM 4
WLTHJEWS 4 4
WLTHPOV 4
WLTHSO 4
WLTHUNDC 4
WLTHWHTS 4 4 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 1
WOCOMPTR 4
WOJOB 4 4
WOJOBYRS 4 4
WOMENBEN 4
WOMENHRT 4
WORDA X X X X X X 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 4 4 1 1 1
Appendix U
VARIABLE
WORDB X X X X X X 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 4 4 1 1 1
WORDC X X X X X X 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 4 4 1 1 1
WORDD X X X X X X 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 4 4 1 1 1
WORDE X X X X X X 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 4 4 1 1 1
WORDF X X X X X X 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 4 4 1 1 1
WORDG X X X X X X 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 4 4 1 1 1
WORDH X X X X X X 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 4 4 1 1 1
WORDI X X X X X X 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 4 4 1 1 1
WORDJ X X X X X X 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 4 4 1 1 1
WORDSUM X X X X X X 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 4 4 1 4 1
WORK1 2 4
WORK10 4
WORK12 1 4 4 4
WORK2 2 4
WORK3 2 4
WORK30 1 4 4 4 2
WORK3YRS 4
WORK4 2 4
WORK5 2 4
WORK6 2 4
WORK7 2 4
WORK8 2 4
WORK9 2 4
WORKASNS 4 4 4
WORKBLKS 4 4 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
WORKDIFF 4 4 4 4 4
WORKDY X
WORKFARE 4
WORKFAST 4 4 4 4 4
WORKFOR 4 4 4 4 4
WORKHARD X X 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
WORKHR X
WORKHSPS 4 4 4
WORKIMM 4
WORKJEWS 4 4
WORKLESS 4
WORKLIFE 4
WORKNOW 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
WORKPOL X
WORKSO 4
WORKUNDC 4
WORKWEEK 4
WORKWHTS 4 4 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 1
WORLD1 X X 4 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
WORLD2 X
WORLD3 X
WORLD4 X X 4 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 1
WORLD5 X
WORLD6 X
WORLD7 X
WORRIED 4
WORRYJOB 4 8
WORSHIP 4
WOTRIAL 8
WRITEGRP X
WRKBABY 4 4 4 1
WRKCLASS 4
WRKEARN 4 4 8
WRKENJOY 4 4 8
WRKGOVT X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
WRKGROWN 4 4 4
WRKHOME 4 4 4 4 4
WRKHRH 1
WRKHRO 1
WRKIMP 4 4
WRKINDEP 4 8
WRKINDP 4 4
WRKMINH 1
WRKMINO 1
WRKMUCH 4
WRKNOKID 4 4 4
WRKOTH 4 4
WRKSCH 4 4 4 1
WRKSCHED 4 4 4 4 4
WRKSLF X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
WRKSLFST 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
WRKSTAT X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
WRKTIME 4 4 4 4 4
WRKTYPE 4 4 4 4 4
WRKWAYUP 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
WRKWELL 4
WRKYEARS 4
WRKYOUNG 4
WRLDGOVT 4 4
WRTHLESS 4
WTSS 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
WTSSNR 4 4 12 12 12 4 4 4
WTSSALL 12 12 12 4 4 4
WWWART 1 4 4
WWWBIZ 1 4 4
WWWCLASS 1 4
WWWCNTRY 1 4
WWWCOWRK 1 4 4
WWWFRND 1 4 4
WWWGFBF 1 4 4
WWWGTHIC 1 4
WWWHOME 1 4
WWWHR 1 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 1 1
WWWHRH 1 4 4
WWWHRO 1 4 4
WWWHRW 1 4 4
WWWJAZZ 1 4
WWWLINE1 1 4
WWWLINE2 1 4
WWWLIT 1 4 4
WWWMIN 1 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 1 1
WWWMINH 1 4 4
WWWMINO 1 4 4
WWWMINW 1 4 4
WWWMUSIC 1 4 4
WWWNEI 1 4 4
WWWOLDIE 1 4
WWWPERSN 1 4 4
WWWRAP 1 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
WWWRELIG 1 4
WWWROCK 1 4
WWWSP 1 4 4
WWWVOL 1 4 4
WWWWORLD 1 4
XHAUSTN 4 8
XMARSEX X X X X X X X X X 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
XMARSEX1 4 4 4 2
XMOVIE X X X X X X X X X 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
XMOVIE1 2
XNORCSIZ X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4
YEAR X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4
YEARBIZ 4
YEARLY 4 4
YEARSJOB 4 4 4 4 4
YEARVAL 4 4 4 4
YOUINFLU 8
YOUMONEY 4
YOUNGEN X
YOURSELF 4
YOUSUP 4
YRCHURH1 4
YRCHURH2 4
YRCHURH3 4
YRCHURH4 4
YRCHURH5 4
YRCHURH6 4
YRFARM1 4
YRFARM2 4
YRFARM3 4
YRFRAT1 4
YRFRAT2 4
YRFRAT3 4
YRFRAT4 4
YRGREEK1 4
YRGREEK2 4
YRGREEK3 4
YRHOBBY1 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
YRHOBBY2 4
YRHOBBY3 4
YRINFRM1 4
YRINFRM2 4
YRINFRM3 4
YRINFRM4 4
YRINFRM5 4
YRJOBEND 4 8
YRLIT1 4
YRLIT2 4
YRLIT3 4
YRLIT4 4
YRNAT1 4
YRNAT2 4
YRNAT3 4
YROTHER1 4
YROTHER2 4
YROTHER3 4
YROTHER4 4
YROTHER5 4
YRPOLIT1 4
YRPOLIT2 4
YRPOLIT3 4
YRPROF1 4
YRPROF2 4
YRPROF3 4
YRPROF4 4
YRPROF5 4
YRPROF6 4
YRSCHL1 4
YRSCHL2 4
YRSCHL3 4
YRSCHL4 4
YRSERV1 4
YRSERV2 4
YRSERV3 4
YRSERV4 4
YRSERV5 4
Appendix U
VARIABLE
YRSERV6 4
YRSERV7 4
YRSERV8 4
YRSFIRM 4
YRSKWN1 4
YRSKWN2 4
YRSKWN3 4
YRSKWN4 4
YRSKWN5 4
YRSPORT1 4
YRSPORT2 4
YRSPORT3 4
YRSPORT4 4
YRSPORT5 4
YRSPORT6 4
YRUNION1 4
YRUNION2 4
YRUNION3 4
YRUNION4 4
YRVET1 4
YRVET2 4
YRVET3 4
YRVET4 4
YRVET5 4
YRYOUTH1 4
YRYOUTH2 4
YRYOUTH3 4
YRYOUTH4 4
YRYOUTH5 4
ZODIAC X X X X X X X X X X 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 12 12 12 4 4
ZOMBIES 4
Appendix U
NOTE: For variables appearing in the years 1988-2012 the following coding scheme was used to note the ballots on which the variables
occurred (see Appendix Q)
1. appears on ballots A and B

2. appears on ballots B and C
3. appears on ballots A and C
4. appears on ballots A, B, C
5. appears only on ballot A
6. appears only on ballot B
7. appears only on ballot C
8. appears only on ballot D
9. appears on ballots A, B, and D
10. appears on ballots B, C and D
11. appears on ballots A, C, and D
12. appears on ballots A, B, C, D
13. appears on ballots A, B, C, D (but not in Sample A)
x only indicates whether the variables were asked for a specific year asked before 1988.
a This variable is not part of the GSS questions, and comes from the administrative data from 2004.
94A, 94B, 94C…indicate the three samples (A, B, and C) used in 1994-2006. They can be distinguished by the variable VERSION as follows:
94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 12
Sample A 1-6 1-3 1-3 1-3 1-3 1-3 1-3 1-3 1-3 1-3
Sample B 7-9 4-6 4-6 4-6 4-6 4-6 4-6 4-6 4-6 4-6
Sample C V7
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
APPENDIX V. SUBJECT INDEX TO QUESTIONS
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
ABORTION
Arguments pro and con ABPRO1, ABPRO2, ABPRO3, ABCON1, ABCON2, ABCON3,
ABIMP, ABINFO, ABFIRM
In case of . . .
any reason ABANY, ABCHOOSE, ABLEGAL
birth defects ABDEFECT, ABNOMORE, ABHAVE1
ABDEFCT1, ABDEFCTW, GENEABRT
inability to afford children ABPOOR, ABHAVE3, ABPOOR1, ABPOORW
rape ABRAPE
threat to woman's health ABHLTH, ABHAVE2
woman unmarried ABSINGLE
Salience of issue SALABORT
Spousal consent ABSPNO
Supreme Court ruling ABORCT
Administration, See INTERVIEW
Adoption, See CHILDREN
ADULT TRANSITIONS
Children HAVCHLD, HAVCHLD1
Financially support family SUPFAM, SUPFAM1
Marital status GETMAR, GETMAR1
AFFIRMATIVE ACTION
Blacks benefit at expense of whites DISCAFF, COLAFF, COLAFFY, DISCAFFY
Chances adversely affected at work RDISCAFF
Men/Women benefit at expense of opposite sex DISCAFFM, DISCAFFW
Program at work AFFACT
Racial quotas RACQUOTA
R favors or opposes
for blacks AFFRMACT, JOBAFF
for women FEJOBAFF, FEHIRE
Special treatment HELPBLK
African-Americans, See BLACKS, RACE
Afterlife, See RELIGION
AGE
At birth of first child AGEKDBRN
At time of interview AGE
At time of permanent move to US AGECMEUS
Birth Cohort COHORT
See also DATE OF BIRTH, MARITAL STATUS
AGED
Government responsibility for NATSOC, SPRETIRE, AIDOLD, ELDHELP,
ELDCOST
Living with grown children AGED
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
AGRICULTURE
Family business - type FAMBIZ
Farm organization meets in the area MTFARM1, MTFARM2, MTFARM3
Farm organization tries to solve problems SOLFARM
How much R thinks farm laborers are paid PAYFARM
How much R thinks farm laborers should be paid GIVFARM
R's involvement with…
Belongs to more than one farm organization TYPFARM, MEMFARM
Has done active work for a farm organization ACTFARM, MEMFARM
Interest in farm issues INTFARM
Member of a farm organization MEMFARM, MEMFARM
Works in a family business WKFAMBIZ
Number of farm organizations R belongs to NUMFARM
Number of years R has belonged YRFARM2, YRFARM3
to farm organization
Chemicals and pesticides are dangerous in general CHEMGEN
Chemicals and pesticides are dangerous to family CHEMFAM
AIDS
Victims known to R… AIDSKNOW, AIDSWHO, AIDSWHO2, AIDSWHO3
Age of known victims AIDSAGE, AIDSAGE2, AIDSAGE3
Race of known victims AIDSRACE, AIDSRAC2, AIDSRAC3
Region of known victims AIDSREG, AIDSREG2, AIDSREG3
Sex of known victims AIDSSEX, AIDSSEX2, AIDSSEX3
Victim alive or dead AIDSDEAD, AIDSDED2, AIDSDED3
Government policy…
Disability benefits AIDSFARE
Government pay health care costs AIDSHLTH
Identification tags for AIDS victims AIDSIDS
Information campaign for safe sex AIDSADS
Safe sex education in schools AIDSSXED
Testing
By insurance companies AIDSINSR
Mandatory testing before marriage AIDSMAR
Alcohol, See DRINKING
ALIENATION
Government ALIENAT1, ALIENAT6
Society ALIENAT2, ALIENAT2, ALIENAT4, ALIENAT5
See also ANOMIA, CONFIDENCE
Alimony, See MARITAL STATUS
ALTRUISM
Attitudes toward helping others OTHSHELP, CARESELF, PEOPTRBL, SELFFRST
FIRSTYOU, HELPFRDS, USEFRDS
Behaviors...
Allow stranger to go ahead in line CUTAHEAD
Carried stranger's belongings CARRIED
Charitable giving GIVHMLSS, GIVCHRTY
Donate blood GIVBLOOD
Give directions DIRECTNS
Give seat to stranger GIVSEAT
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
Loaned someone an item LOANITEM

Looked after plants, mail, pets HELPAWAY
Return money to cashier RETCHNGE
Volunteer work VOLCHRTY, VOLMONTH
See also FEELINGS, HOUSEHOLD, SOCIAL NETWORKS,
VALUES
Animals, See ENVIRONMENT
ANOMIA
Condition of average person today ANOMIA5
Evaluation of future ANOMIA6
Importance of money ANOMIA1, ANOMIA3
Live for today ANOMIA4
Responsibility to self or others SELFIRST

Trust in public officials ANOMIA7
Trust in people ANOMIA8, ANOMIA9, CANTRUST
Wonder if anything worthwhile ANOMIA2
See also ALIENATION, CONFIDENCE, PEOPLE,
SUCCESS, TRUST
Armed forces, See MILITARY
ARREST (R's) ARREST, TICKET

See also CRIME
ART/THE ARTS (and literature)

Ability to judge art JUDGEART
Aim of art AIMOFART
Artists should be able to support themselves ARTISTS
Great books GRTBOOKS
Literature by minority authors GRTBOOKS, PCLIT
Modern painting does not reflect talent MODPAINT
Popular culture EXCELART
Spending priorities for arts SPARTS, NATARTS, NATLART
STATEART, LOCALART
See also COMPUTERS AND INTERNET
ASIAN-AMERICANS
Characteristics ascribed to . . .
Attitudes to welfare FAREASNS
Attitudes to work WORKASNS
Commitment to fair and equal treatment FAIRASNS
of all groups
Commitment to family FAMASNS
Influence of INFLUASN
Intelligence of INTLASNS
Patriotism PATRASNS
Proneness to violence VIOLASNS
Wealth WLTHASNS
Discrimination against ASNJOBS, ASNHOUSE
Estimated percentage in local community COMASN
Estimated percentage in US USASN
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
Feel warm/cool toward FEELASNS

Government pays proper attention to ASNGOVT
Know any… KNWASN
Feel close to ASNCLS
How know (school, community, related work) ASNSCHL, ASNCOM, ASNREL, ASNWRK
Living in neighborhood LIVEASNS, HSPASN10
Number of Asian-Americans R knows…
at work ACQWKASN
in family ACQFMASN
in general ACQASIAN
in neighborhood ACQNHASN
through voluntary organizations ACQVAASN
Number of Asian-Americans R trusts TRTASIAN
Population will grow ASNCHNG
Relative marrying MARASIAN
Assimilation, See ETHNICITY
Associations, See VOLUNTARY ASSOCIATIONS
ASTROLOGICAL SIGN ZODIAC
Atheism, See CIVIL LIBERTIES, RELIGION
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

(ADHD), See CHILDREN
AUTHORITY
Attitudes to OWNTHING, TALKBACK
Obeying law PUBDEF, PUBECON, OBEYLAW
Young people and elders YOUNGEN
See also OBEY LAW
Automobiles, See PURCHASES/TRANSACTIONS
Banks and financial institutions,

See CONFIDENCE, FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS
AND BANKS
Belief, see RELIGION
Bible, See RELIGION
BIRTH CONTROL
Information availability PILL
Information available to teenagers TEENPILL
Teenagers' use PILLOK, PILLOKY, SPPILL
Birth Defects, See ABORTION, GENETIC TESTING
BIRTH ORDER SIBORDER

See also SIBLINGS
BLACKS
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
Characteristics ascribed to ...

Attitudes to welfare FAREBLKS
Attitudes to work WORKBLKS
Change in conditions for BLKSIMP
Commitment to fair and equal treatment FAIRBLKS
of all groups
Commitment to family FAMBLKS
Estimated percentage in local community COMBLK
Estimated percentage in US USBLK
Influence of INFLUBLK
Intelligence of INTLBLKS
Patriotism PATRBLKS
Proneness to violence VIOLBLKS
Wealth WLTHBLKS
Discrimination against BLKJOBS, BLKHOUSE
Express admiration/sympathy for blacks SYMPTBLK, ADMIRBLK
Favoritism in overcoming prejudice WRKWAYUP, DISCAFF, COLAFF, COLAFFY

DISCAFFY, JOBAFF, DISCWHY1, DISCWHY2
DISCWHY3, DISCWHY4, DISCWHY5, DISCWHY6
Feel close to blacks CLOSEBLK
Feel warm/cool toward FEELBLKS
Government pays proper attention to BLKGOVT
Know any. . . KNWBLK
Feel close to BLKCLS
How know (school, community, related work) BLKSCHL, BLKCOM, BLKREL, BLKWRK
Living in neighborhood LIVEBLKS
Number of Blacks R knows…
at work ACQWKBLK
in family ACQFMBLK
in general ACQBLACK
in neighborhood ACQNHBLK
through voluntary organizations ACQVABLK
Number of Blacks R trusts TRTBLACK
Population will grow BLKCHNG
Relative marrying MARBLK
See also AFFIRMATIVE ACTION,
DEMONSTRATIONS, ETHNICITY, MILITARY,
OPPORTUNITY, RACE, SAMPLE, UNITED STATES
Bored, See ANOMIA, LIFE OUTLOOK, TIME
Brazil, See COUNTRIES
Brothers, See SIBLINGS
BURGLARY BURGLR
See also CRIME, ROBBERY
BUSINESS
Automation of jobs, replaced by computers AUTOMATN, AUTONOJB
Confidence in CONFINAN, CONBUS, CONFINAY, CONBUSY
Entrepreneurship STARTBIZ, BIZGROSS, BIZSHARE,
OWNBIZ, WHYBIZ, YEARBIZ, NUMEMPLY, NUMEMPS, NUMEMPS5,
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
NUMOWN, PAIDEMPS, OWNINC

Government control or ownership of OWNPOWER, OWNMASS, OWNSTEEL,
OWNBANKS, OWNAUTOS, BUSDECID
Importance of PRIVENT
Power of BUSPOW
Taxes on BUSTAX
See also CONFIDENCE, CORPORATIONS,
ECONOMY, TAXES, ENVIRONMENT, SPENDING
Busing, See RACE
Campaigning, See POLITICAL
Canada, See COUNTRIES
CAPITAL PUNISHMENT
For murder CAPPUN2, CAPPUN, DEATHPEN
Dimensions of opinion CAPIMP, CAPINFO, CAPFIRM
Censorship, see CIVIL LIBERTIES
Charity, See RELIGION, CONTRIBUTE MONEY TO,

PURCHASES/TRANSACTIONS
CHILDREN
Adult children ELDERSUP
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) ADHDKNOW, ADHDKNW
ADHDREAL, ADHDCON, ADHDMED
Adoption guidelines ADOPTION, ADOPTKID
Age at birth of first child AGEKDBRN
Arguments for and against having children KIDTRBLE, KIDJOY, KIDNOFRE,
KIDLESS, KIDFIN, KIDEMPTY
Benefits/Hurts from traditional household CHLDBEN, CHLDHRT
arrangement
Has R ever birthed/fathered a child EVKID
Care by R for bio/adopted children under 18 KIDLIVED, KIDRESP, KIDNOW1, KIDNOW2
Children of R still living KDALIVE1, KDALIVE2, KDALIVE3, KDALIVE4, KDALIVE5, KDALIVE6,
KDALIVE7, KDALIVE8, KDALIVE9
Day care DAYCARE1, DAYCARE2, DAYCARE3, DAYCARE4, DAYCARE5
Desirable qualities of children MANNERS, SUCCESS, HONEST, CLEAN
JUDGMENT, CONTROL, ROLE, AMICABLE
OBEYS, RESPONSI, CONSIDER, INTEREST
STUDIOUS
MANNERSY, SUCCESSY, HONESTY
CLEANY, JUDGMENY, CONTROLY, ROLEY
AMICABLY, OBEYSY, RESPONSY, CONSIDEY
INTERESY
STUDIOUY, MANNERSZ, SUCCESSZ
HONESTZ, CLEANZ, JUDGMENZ, CONTROLZ
ROLEZ, AMICABLZ, OBEYSZ, RESPONSZ
CONSIDEZ
INTERESZ, STUDIOUZ, OBEY
POPULAR, THNKSELF, WORKHARD, HELPOTH
OBRESPCT, CHLDSEX, CHLDSEX1, OBEYTHNK
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
Educational attainment of R's children KDEDUC1, KDEDUC2, KDEDUC3, KDEDUC4, KDEDUC5, KDEDUC6
KDEDUC7, KDEDUC8, KDEDUC9
Education, R's children attend…
Public school PUBSCH
Home school HOMESCH
Catholic School CATHSCH
Christian School CHRISSCH
Religious School RELSCH
Private School PRIVSCH
Other School OTHSCH
Expected standard of living for R's children KIDSSOL
Financial burden KIDFINBU
Government protection of KIDDRUGS, KIDSKIPS, KIDOUT, KIDNEEDY,
KIDBEAT, KIDHLTH, KIDEDPAR, KIDXFILM
Government spending on . . .
Child care SPPOORKD, SPWRKPAR, AIDKIDS
Contraceptive services SPPILL
Drug abuse treatment SPDRUGS
Health care SPHLTHKD, MYKIDS, OTHKIDS
Housing for poor families with children SPHOMEKD
Mental health programs MEDSAVTX
Nutrition programs SPFOODKD
Prenatal care SPPREGNT
Preschool programs/Head Start SPHEADST
Services for disabled/ill children SPDSABKD
Working parents CHLDCARE
Women should receive maternity leave MAPAID, PAIDLV, PAIDLVPY, PAIDLVDV, PAIDLV1
Importance of having children IMPKIDS
Increased social standing KIDSOCST
Knows about child's whereabouts on weekends KNOWKID1, KNOWKID2, KNOWKID3, KNOWKID4
Living conditions,
compared with 10 years ago . . .
Acquiring job skills CHLDSKLS
Education quality CHLDEDUC
Health care CHLDHLTH
Housing CHLDHOME
Love and attention from parents CHLDLOVE
Moral or religious training CHLDMORL
Safety of neighborhoods CHLDSAFE
Supervision/discipline from parents CHLDSUP
Time children spend with parents CHLDTIME
Media influence on INFFILMS, INFPUBTV, INFNETTV, INFADSTV
INFMUSIC
Medication of OVRMEDKD, MEDKDNEG, TRBLLAW, ZOMBIES
Number, ever had CHILDS, KIDNUM
Number, older than five KID5UP
Number, R expects to have CHLDIDEL, CHLDMORE, CHLDNUM, CHLDSOON
Number, ideal NUMKIDS, NOKIDS, ONEKID, TWOKIDS
THREKIDS, FOURKIDS
Problems with own children HLTH8, FAMPER4, LAW7, OTH3
CHLDPRB1, CHLDPROB, CHLDHLP, CHILDPRB

Reasons why women are more likely than men FEKIDS1, FEKIDS2, FEKIDS3, FEKIDS4, FEKIDS5
to take care of children
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
Relation to R KDREL1, KDREL2, KDREL3, KDREL4, KDREL5, KDREL6,

KDREL7, KDREL8, KDREL9
Religion of R's children KD1RELIG, KD2RELIG, KD3RELIG, KD4RELIG,
KD5RELIG, KD6RELIG, KD7RELIG, KD8RELIG
KD1JWOTH, KD2JWOTH, KD3JWOTH, KD4JWOTH
KD5JWOTH
Restriction of career KIDJOB
Roles of children KIDPARS
Roles of others in the lives of ROLECCP, ROLEMA, ROLEPA, ROLECLRG,
ROLEGP, ROLETCHR
Same sex parents SSFCHILD, SSMCHILD
Selected Child of R KDPICKED
Sex of R's children KDSEX1, KDSEX2, KDSEX3, KDSEX4, KDSEX5, KDSEX6,
KDSEX7, KDSEX8, KDSEX9
Spanking SPANKING
Spend enough time with TIMEKID1, TIMEKID2, TIMEKID3, TIMEKID4, SPTMKID1, SPTMKID2,
SPTMKID2, SPTMKID4, KDTMKID1, KDTMKID2, KDTMKID3, KDTMKID4
Surrogate Motherhood, Ethics of SELLBABY
Vignettes CHLDVIG
Causes of problem CHLDPROB, BADCHAR,
CHEMBAL, STRESSFL, GENEPROB,
RAISED, VIOLTV, DISCIPLN, ALLERGIC
Consequences of treatment OUTSIDER, SUFADULT, COMKNOWS, FAILURE
Diagnosis GRWINGUP, MNTLILL, ILLPHYS,
VIOLPEOP, VIOLSELF
If child in vignette were R's child...
Sources for help ADFAM, ADTCH, ADDOC, ADCOU
ADPSY, ADHOS
Willingness to medicate ADFAMMED, ADTCHMED
ADDOCMED, ADCOUMED
ADPSYMED, ADHOSMED
Legal intervention FORCEDOC, FORCEMED, FORCEHOS
R's relations with NEXTDOOR, SPENDEVE, CHLDFRND, CHLDSCH
Solutions for problem CHLDHLP, BETTROWN, IMPRVDIS
IMPRVEAT, IMPRVMED
Work status of R.'s child KDWORK1, KDWORK2, KDEVWORK, KDOCC80
KDPRES80, KDWRKSLF, KDIND80
Year R's children were born KDYRBRN1, KDYRBRN2, KDYRBRN3, KDYRBRN4, KDYRBRN5, KDYRBRN6,
KDYRBRN7, KDYRBRN8, KDYRBRN9
See also DIVORCE, DRINKING, DRUG USE
and ADDICTION, FAMILY CONTACT, MARRIAGE
China, See COUNTRIES
Church, See RACE, RELIGION
Cigarettes, See SMOKING
Cities, See RESIDENCE, SATISFACTION,

UNITED STATES
CITIZENSHIP
Age when permanently moved to US AGECMEUS
Citizen, whether R is or not USCITZN
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
Country R was born in BORNSP

Does R plan to apply? FUCITZN
Obligations OBVOTE, OBVOL, OBJURY, OB911, OBENG
OBKNOW, OBMEPAX, OBMEWAR, OBFEPAX
OBFEWAR
What it takes to be a good citizen VOTEELEC, PAYTAXES, OBEYLAWS,
WATCHGOV, ACTASSOC, OTHREASN, BUYPOL,
HELPUSA, HELPWRLD, MILSERVE
Visas VISA, TYPEVISA
See Also, PROTEST
CIVIL LIBERTIES
Allow religious extremists to hold public meeting RELEXT1
Allow religious extremists to publish books RELEXT2
Allow speech offensive to racial ETHSPKOK, ETHSPKNO, SPKRAC
or religious groups
All religious groups should have equal rights RELGRPEQ
Free press PUBDEF, PUBECON, LIBMSLM
Police surveillance CRIMTAIL, CRIMTAP, CRIMREAD, CRIMHOLD
MANTAIL, MANTAP, MANREAD, MANHOLD
Rights of . . .
Atheists SPKATH, COLATH, LIBATH
Communists SPKCOM, COLCOM, LIBCOM
FORBDCOM, ALLOWCOM
Critics of religion ANTIREL, IRRELART
Demonstrators PROTSTRS
Gays and Lesbians SPKHOMO, COLHOMO, LIBHOMO
Militarists SPKMIL, COLMIL, LIBMIL
RACSPEAK, RACTCH15, RACPUB, RACISTS
FORBDRAC, ALLOWRAC, COLRAC, LIBRAC
Muslims, anti-American clergymen SPKMSLM, COLMSLM, LIBMSLM
Racists RACTEACH
Revolutionaries REVSPEAK, REVTCH15, REVPUB, REVOLTRS
Should they be allowed to meet? REVMEET
Socialists SPKSOC, COLSOC, LIBSOC
Wiretapping WIRTAP, CRIMTAP, MANTAP
See also CAPITAL PUNISHMENT, PRIVACY
DEMONSTRATIONS, OBEY LAW, RACE, PROTEST
Class, See SOCIAL CLASS
Clubs, See VOLUNTARY ASSOCIATIONS
COHABITATION
Cohabitation in household RELATE1, RELATE2, RELATE3, RELATE4, RELATE5, RELATE6, RELATE7,
RELATE8, RELATE9, RELATE10, RELATE11, RELATE12, RELATE13, RELATE14
RELHHD1, RELHHD2, RELHHD3, RELHHD4, RELHHD5, RELHHD6, RELHHD7,
RELHHD8, RELHHD9, RELHHD10, RELHHD11, RELHHD12, RELHHD13, RELHHD14
Good idea before marriage COHABFST
Duration SPLIVE
Morality of COHABOK
R's marital status POSSLQ
Type of relationship desired TRADMOD, SHARESEP, EMOTEOTH
With someone you didn't marry LIVNOWED
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
With spouse before marriage COHABIT

With steady romantic partner LIVEWITH
Vs. marriage (men) MEMARRY
Vs. marriage (women) FEMARRY
See also WOMEN, SEX,
ROMANTIC RELATIONSHIPS
College, See CIVIL LIBERTIES, EDUCATION
COMMUNISM
As form of government COMMUN, COMMUN10
See also CIVIL LIBERTIES, COUNTRIES
Community, See RESIDENCE, SOCIAL

NETWORKS, RACE, VOLUNTARY ASSOCIATIONS
Commute, See WORK, OCCUPATION
COMPUTERS AND INTERNET

Arts and the Web. . .
Chat on entertainment/culture topics ARTSCHAT
For pictures of art works ARTMUS2, ARTVIEW
Get artist information ARTINFO
Get museum/gallery information ARTMUS1
Learned something new from ARTSNEW, ARTSCHNG
entertainment/culture on the Web
Time visiting entertainment/culture sites ARTSMIN, ARTSHR
Use Web for visual arts WWWART
Went to a gallery because of the Web ARTMUS3
Computer usage COMPUSE
At home COMPHOME, USEHOME, NUMHOME, INTRHOME, HOMEBAND
At other location COMPOTH, COMPSCHL, COMPLIB, COMPFRI
COMPELSE, MOSTLOC
At work COMPWORK
E-mail usage. . .
First use EMAILYR
From whom EMWRKLOC, EMWRKAWY, EMFAMLOC
EMFAMOTH, EMFRI, EMCHURCH, EMGROUPS
Number send/receive EMSENT, EMGET
Personal EMSENTP, EMGETP
Ever first meet someone over the WWWPERSN
Internet…
Meet coworker WWWCOWRK
Meet friend WWWFRND
Meet girlfriend/boyfriend WWWGFBF
Meet neighbor WWWNEI
Meet other business associate WWWBIZ
Meet partner WWWSP
Meet volunteer WWWVOL
Help and support with computers and software …
Ask coworker ASKWORK
Ask customer support CUSSUP
Ask someone else ASKOTHER, ASKELSE
Ask technical support TECSUP
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
Call company CALLCOMP

Figure it out yourself DOONOWN, ASKWKSCH, DOSELF
Pay someone PAYOTHER, PAYELSE
Use online help ONLINE
Use printed manual MANUAL, MANBOOK
Who can ask for help ADVSP, ADVCHLD, ADVPAR, ADVSIB, ADVFAM
ADVTCHR, ADVSTU, ADVSUP, ADVCOWRK
ADVCFRND, ADVOFRND, ADVLIB
Information skills assessment. . .
486 or Pentium PROCESSR
Computer virus CMPVIRUS
Download a file DOWNLOAD
Familiarity with computer terms ADVSRCH, MP3, EZINES, PREFSETS, NEWSGRPS
Name search engine SRCHENG1, SRCHENG2
Name web browser BROWSER1, BROWSER2, BROWSER3
Upload a file UPLOAD
Internet access WWWHOME, PAYWWW, WWWLINE1
WWWLINE2, WEBTV, INTACCSS, WEBMOB
Internet making information available worldwide INTERNET
Job losses due to computer automation AUTONOJB
Literature and the Web. . .
Use Web for literature WWWLIT
Get literature information LITSITE
Download poem or fiction LITGET
Read an author because of the Web LITREAD
Visit a site of a particular author LITAUTH
Music and the Web. . .
Bought a recording because of the Web MUSICBUY
Download music MUSICGET
Get music information MUSICINF
Listen to Web radio MUSICLST
Types of music used the Web for WWWCLASS, WWWCNTRY, WWWGTHIC,
WWWJAZZ, WWWOLDIE, WWWRAP,
WWWRELIG, WWWROCK, WWWWORLD
Used Web for music WWWMUSIC
Visit sites for musicians you already like MUSICLKE
Visit sites for musicians from different MUSICDIF
types of music
Visit sites for music you wouldn't ordinarily listen to MUSICNEW
Politics and the Web
Because of information from the Web...
Attended meeting/demonstration MEETING
Contacted elected official CONTACT
Decided to vote for a candidate VOTEFOR
Helped form/confirm/change an opinion POLFORMS, POLCONF, POLALTER
Issues seem more complicated POLTOUGH
Learned something new POLNEW, POLCHNGE
Signed a petition PETITION
How would find information for a POLWWW
political candidate
Political issues discussed/researched ECON12, ABORT12, MORAL12, FORAFF12
RACREL12, ENVIRO12, POLCAM12, GUN12
TAXES12, FE12, NEWS12
Why visit political sites POLAGREE, POLNEUTL, POLDSAGR
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
Time on internet activities. . .

Chat CHATHR, CHATMIN
E-mail EMAILMIN, EMAILHR, EMMINH, EMHRH
EMMINW, EMHRW, EMMINO, EMHRO
Personal PERMINH, PERHRH, PERMINW, PERHRW
PERMINO, PERHRO
Shopping ECOMMINH, ECOMHRH, ECOMMINW
ECOMMINO, ECOMHRO, ECOMHRW
Work WRKMINH, WRKHRH, JOBMINW, JOBHRW
INCMINW, INCHRW, WRKMINO, WRKHRO
WKCOMPTR, WOCOMPTR
World wide web WWWHR, WWWMIN, WWWMINH, WWWHRH,
WWWMINW, WWWHRW, WWWMINO,
WWWHRO, WEBMOB
Web-TV usage WEBTV
World Wide Web usage USEWWW, WEBMOB
Ability WEBABLE
First use WEBYR
Navigation (bookmarks, searching, etc.) DRCTLINK, TYPEURL, SRCHENG, BOOKMARK
CATDRCTY, HYPERLNK, EMAILLNK
Sites visited FIN30, SCHL30, EDUC30, WORK30, NEWS30
GOVT30, POL30, TRAVEL30, SPORTS30
MUSIC30, ART30, TVMOV30, HEALTH30
RELIG30, GAMES30, HUMOR30, PORN30
PERSON30, SCI30, HOBBY30, COOK30
Used Web for WORK12, HMEFIN12, BUYINF12, BUYIT12
INVEST12, PEOPLE12, HEALTH12, TRAVEL12
LOCATE12, GAME12, NEWJOB12, CHAT12
POLINF12
See also PRIVACY
Condoms, See SEX
CONFIDENCE
Confidence in institutions
and their leaders...
Banks and financial institutions CONFINAN, CONFINAY
Business CONBUS, CONBUSY, CONBIZ
Congress CONLEGIS, CONLEGIY, CONCONG
Courts/legal system CONCOURT
Executive branch CONFED, CONFEDY
Government CONGOVT, GOVDOOK
Medicine CONMEDIC, CONMEDIY
Military CONARMY, CONARMYY
Organized labor CONLABOR, CONLABOY
Organized religion CONCLERG, CONCLERY, CONCHURH
Press CONPRESS, CONPRESY
Scientific community CONSCI, CONSCIY, TRUSTSCI
Schools/education system CONEDUC, CONEDUCY, CONSCHLS
Supreme Court CONJUDGE, CONJUDGY
Television CONTV, CONTVY
Information INFOBIZ, INFOGRN, INFOGOVT, INFONEWS, INFOTV, INFOCOL
See also ANOMIA, PEOPLE
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
Confiding, See SOCIAL NETWORKS
Congregations, see RELIGION
Congress, U.S., See CONFIDENCE
Conservative, See POLITICAL
Contraceptives, See BIRTH CONTROL
CONTRIBUTE MONEY TO
Local congregation GIVECONG
Religious organizations GIVEREL
Non-religious causes GIVEOTH
The arts GIVEARTS
Corporal punishment, See CHILDREN
CORPORATIONS
Care only about profits PROFITS1
OWNBIZ, WHYBIZ, YEARBIZ
PAIDEMPS, OWNINC
Job automation/replacement with computers AUTOMATN, AUTONOJB
Profit-sharing PROFITS2, EQUAL2, EQUAL6
R's firm OUTOFBIZ, MERGED, REORG, ORGFIN
See also BUSINESS, ECONOMY, JOB
COUNTRIES
Attitudes toward . . .
Russia, Japan, England, RUSSIA, JAPAN, ENGLAND
Canada, Brazil, China, CANADA, BRAZIL, CHINA
Israel, Egypt ISRAEL, EGYPT
COURTS
Confidence in CONCOURT, CONJUDGE, CONJUDGY
Convict innocent/acquit guilty VERDICT, CONVICTD, LOCKEDUP
Harshness with criminals COURTS, COURTSY, STIFFPUN
See also ABORTION, CRIME, PRAYERS

IN SCHOOLS
CRIME
Courts and COURTS, COURTSY
Fear of crime FEAR, FEARHOME
Firmness of R's opinion about crime CRIMFIRM
Importance to R of crime as issue CRIMIMP, TOPPROB1, TOPPROB2
Law enforcement LAWIMP, LAWINFO, LAWFIRM, STIFFPUN
R's information about issue of crime CRIMINFO
Spending on law enforcement NATCRIME, NATCRIMY, NATCRIMZ, SPPOLICE
See also ARREST, BURGLARY, GUNS

CAPITAL PUNISHMENT, CITIZEN OBLIGATIONS,
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
COURTS, HOMICIDE, OBEY LAW, PRIVACY,

ROBBERY, UNITED STATES
Cyberspace, See COMPUTERS AND INTERNET
DATE OF BIRTH
Children KDYRBRN1, KDYRBRN2, KDYRBRN3, KDYRBRN4, KDYRBRN5, KDYRBRN6,
Father PAYRBORN
Mother MAYRBORN
Respondent BIRTHMO
Current spouse SPYRBORN
First spouse FSTSPYR
Siblings SBYRBRN1, SBYRBRN2, SBYRBRN3, SBYRBRN4, SBYRBRN5, SBYRBRN6,
SBYRBRN7, SBYRBRN8, SBYRBRN9
See also AGE
DATE OF INTERVIEW DATEINTV

Date (year) of interview YEAR
Death penalty, See CAPITAL PUNISHMENT
Deaths, See HOMICIDE, SUICIDE, TRAUMA
Degrees, See EDUCATION
Democrats, See POLITICAL
DEMOCRACY
Importance of…
Adequate standard of living SOLOK
Citizens' right to engage in acts of civil disobedience
decision making OPPSEGOV
Everyone treated equally by government EQTREAT
Minority rights protected RGHTSMIN
People get opportunities to participate in public POLOPTS
Politicians take into account all views CITVIEWS
See also, UNITED STATES, FREEDOM
DEMONSTRATIONS
Approval of PROTEST3
Issues or causes BOYCOTT, SIGNPET, PROTEST, CONOFFCL
GIVCHNG, HLPNEEDY, PARTTHON
Participation in
(strikes, civil rights, war, schools) RPRTST3, RPRTST35
STRIKE, CIVRIGHT, ANTIWAR
PROWAR, SCHOOL
Racist RACSPEAK, RACTCH15, RACPUB, RACISTS
Revolutionary REVOLTRS, REVSPEAK, REVTCH15, REVPUB
See also CIVIL LIBERTIES, PROTEST, RACE
Depression, See HEALTH, MENTAL HEALTH

Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
DICTIONARY OF OCCUPATIONAL TITLES,

See D.O.T CODES
Disabled, see HEALTH
DISARMAMENT
Likelihood of MORENUKE, LESSNUKE, NONUKE
See also FOREIGN AFFAIRS, UNITED STATES
Discrimination, See RACE, BLACKS,
ASIAN-AMERICANS, HISPANICS, WORK
Division of labor, see HOUSEHOLD
DIVORCE
Attitudes toward DIVLAW, DIVLAWY, DIVBEST
Child support SPDUE, SPPAID
Effect on children DIVKIDS
Effect on husband DIVHUBBY
Effect on wife DIVWIFE
Obtaining a divorce . . .
Evaluation of current law DIVNOW
For all DIVLAW, DIVLAWY
For couples without children DIVNOKID, DIVNOKD1
For couples with children DIVIFKID, DIVIFKD1
R ever divorced DIVORCE, EVDIV, FAMPER6
R's parents divorced when R was 16 FAMDIF16
R's spouse ever divorced SPEVDIV
See also MARITAL STATUS, MARRIAGE, TRAUMA
Doctors, see HEALTH
Donations, See PURCHASES/TRANSACTIONS
D.O.T. CODES DOTDATA, DOTPEOP, DOTTHNG, DOTGED

DOTSVP, DOTPRES, SPDOTDAT, SPDOTPEO
SPDOTTHN, SPDOTGED, SPDOTSVP
SPDOTPRE, PADOTDAT, PADOTPEO
PADOTTHN, PADOTGED, PADOTSVP, PADOTRPE
Draft, See MILITARY
DRINKING
Alcoholism HLTH4, HLTH8
Frequency of alcohol use EVDRINK, DRINKYR, DRINKDAY, DRINK6UP,
DRINKMAX, DRINK12, DRINK8, DRINK5, DRINK3,
DRINK1, DRINKMIN
Frequent bar SOCBAR
Government inquiries into ASKDRINK
Punching a drunk HITDRUNK
Use of alcohol DRINK, DRUNK
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
Workplace alcohol test DRUGTEST
DRUG USE AND ADDICTION

Children KIDDRUGS, HLTH8
Government inquiries into ASKDRUGS
Government spending on drug treatment NATDRUGZ, NATDRUG, NATDRUGY, SPDRUGS
R. use of drugs HLTH5
Crack/cocaine EVCRACK, CRACK30
Inject with needle EVIDU, IDU30
Workplace drug test DRUGTEST
See also DRINKING, MARIJUANA, SMOKING,
UNITED STATES
DWELLING (R's)
Childhood home BORNHOME
Cleanliness of house HUCLEAN
House compared to others in city DWELCITY
House compared to others in neighborhood DWELNGH
House of family when born BORNHOME
Housing discrimination due to sexual orientation EVDWELL, DWELL5
Location - in United States, March-May 2006 RES2006
Location - in United States, April-June 2008 RES2008
Location - in United States, April-June 2010 RES2010
Mobility - has R moved GEOMOBIL
Own/rent dwelling DWELOWN
Type of dwelling DWELLING
Type of dwelling, March-May 2006 CSHUTYP06
Type of dwelling, April-June 2008 CSHUTYP08
Type of dwelling, April-June 2010 CSHUTYP10
See also HOUSING, MAJOR
PURCHASES/TRANSACTIONS, RESIDENCE
E-commerce, See COMPUTERS AND INTERNET
Earnings, See INCOME
ECONOMY
Agreement by economists on ECOAGREE
Government economic policy
Control wages/prices SETWAGE, SETPRICE, PRICECON
Create jobs/reduce work week MAKEJOBS, CUTHOURS, JOBSALL
Cut spending/regulation CUTGOVT, LESSREG
Equalize income differences EQUALIZE
Future economic performance ECONFUTR, FUTRUP, FUTRDOWN
Government role in industry OWNPOWER, OWNMASS, OWNSTEEL
Income tax, reduction's effect on economy
Advice will be best policy or serve own interests
if from…
Business leaders BIZBSTTX
Economists ECOBSTTX
Elected officials POLBSTTX
Influence on reduction should be from…
Business leaders BIZINFTX
Economists ECOINFTX
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
Elected officials POLINFTX

Understood by…
Business leaders TXBIZ
Economists TXECO
Elected officials TXPOL
Industrial policy HLPHITEC, SAVEJOBS, AIDINDUS
Inflation and unemployment INFLJOBS
Provide consumer information REQINFO
Provide entitlements HLTHCARE, AIDOLD, AIDUNEMP, AIDCOL
AIDHOUSE, EQUAL5, GOVCARE
OWNBANKS, OWNAUTOS
Opinion of America's entire economic system ECONSYS
Past economic performance ECONPAST, PASTUP, PASTDOWN
R's information about economic policy KNWECON
R's interest in economic issues INTECON, TOPPROB1, TOPPROB2
Trade increases mean fewer jobs in U.S. MORETRDE
See also BUSINESS, EMPLOYMENT,
LABOR FORCE STATUS, TAXES
EDUCATION
As job qualification EDUCEMP
Bilingual education BILINGED, ENGTEACH
Blacks shown preferences for college COLAFF, COLAFFY
Children of R KDEDUC1, KDEDUC2, KDEDUC3, KDEDUC4, KDEDUC5, KDEDUC6,
KDEDUC7, KDEDUC8, KDEDUC9, PUBSCH, HOMESCH, CATHSCH,
CHRISSCH, DENOMSCH, RELSCH, PRIVSCH, OTHSCH
Cohabiting partner CODEG, COEDUC
College curriculum TRSTPROF, CLASSICS, ETHHIST, COLSCI,
COLSCINM, WHENCOL
College major COLMAJR1, COLMAJR2, MAJORCOL, MAJOR1, MAJOR2
Confidence in educational institutions CONEDUC, CONEDUCY
Date when R finished DATESCH
Ethnic/racial diversity in education TEACHETH, SCHLETH, WHOTEACH
Father's PAEDUC, PADEG
Fraternities/sororities MEMGREEK, SOLGREEK, ACTGREEK, MEMFRAT
MEMGREEK
Friends' and associates' EDUC1, EDUC2, EDUC3, EDUC4, EDUC5
Government financial aid AIDNEEDY, AIDSMART, AIDAVG, GOVEDOP
Government spending on NATEDUC, NATEDUCY, NATEDUCZ
High school curriculum HSBASICS, HSSEXED, HSRESPCT, HSLIBART
HSJUDGE, HSJOBTR, HSSCI, HSCARING,
HSORDER, ETHHIST, HSMATH, HSBIO, HSCHEM
HSPHYS, WHENHS, BSTHSCOL
High school, favorite classes HSCLASS1, HSCLASS2
Highest degree COLDEG1, NATDEG, BSTHSCOL, DIPGED, VOEDCOL, VOEDNME1, VOEDNCOL, VOEDNME2
Illegal immigrants' access to UNDOCCOL
public universities
Importance of formal schooling EDDONE, EDDONE1
Importance to job SCHOOLNG
Knowledge of school district SCHLHEAD
Mother's MAEDUC, MADEG
Opportunity EDUCOP, COLOP, BSTHSCOL
Quality of science, math education in U.S. SCIMATH
Respondent EDUC, DEGREE
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
R's spouse
Current spouse's father SPPAEDUC
Current spouse's mother SPMAEDUC
First spouse's FSTSPEDC, FSTSPDEG
Parents of first spouse FSTSPPED, FSTSPMED
Spouse SPEDUC, SPDEG, SPDIPGED
Quality for children CHLDEDUC
R's interest in local school issues INTEDUC, TOPPROB1, TOPPROB2
Role in social mobility OPPARED, OPEDUC, BSTHSCOL
Service groups MEMSCHL, SOLSCHL, ACTSCHL
Sex education SEXEDUC, HSSEXED
Sibling's SBEDUC, SBDEG
See also CONFIDENCE, DEMONSTRATIONS,
PRAYER, RACE, SOCIAL CLASS, SEX,
UNITED STATES, RELIGION
Egypt, See COUNTRIES
Elderly, See AGED
Elections, See POLITICAL Why R laid off from last job
E-mail, See COMPUTERS AND INTERNET
Emotions, See FEELINGS, HEALTH
EMPLOYMENT
Automation and computer replacement of jobs AUTOMATN, AUTONOJB
Criteria for layoffs LAYOFFS
Criteria for wages, preferred YRSFIRM, DOWELL, EXPERNC, PAYSAME
Criteria for wages at R's work RYRSFIRM, RDOWELL, REXPERNC, RPAYSAME
RAGEEMP, RFAMRESP, REDUCEMP, RDK
Does R employ others EMPLOY
Engineering ENGDA, ENGSON, ENGRESP, ENGDO, ENGLONE, ENGDGR,
ENGGOOD, ENGFUN, ENGPROB, ENGODD, ENGBTR,
ENGREL, ENGINT, ENGEARN, ENGBRNG, ENGNRING
OWNBIZ, WHYBIZ, YEARBIZ, NUMEMPLY, NUMEMPS, NUMEMPS5
NUMOWN, PAIDEMPS
Finding a job FINDJOB, FNDJOB1, FNDJOB2, FNDJOB3, FNDJOB4, FNDJOB5, FNDJOB6
FNDJOB7, FNDJOB8, FNDJOB9, THISJOB1, THISJOB2, THISJOB3, THISJOB4
THISJOB5, THISJOB6, THISJOB7
Full time jobs, number of (2005-2008) WORK3YRS
JOURNLSM
Layoffs and job losses, reasons why WHYJBCT1, WHYJBCT2, WHYJBCT3, WHYNOJB1, WHYNOJB2, WHYNOJB3,
LOSEJB12, WHYLOSE, WHYLOSE1, WHYLOSE2, WHYLOSE3
Trade increases and new vs. lost jobs LOSTJOBS, MORETRDE, NEWJOBS
Letters of reference LTRSREF
Medical Treatment MEDTREAT
Number of employers R has worked for full-time NUMEMP
Promotions PROMOTNG, PROMOTED, NUMPROMO,
IMPPROMO, FUTPROMO, ADVANCES
R's job
Annual wages higher or lower than average COMPWAGE
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
Denied raise DENYRAIS

Discrimination/job loss due to sexual orientation EVLOSEJB, LOSEJOB5, EVNEGJOB, NEGJOB5
Electronic harassment EHARASWK
Flex-time CHNGTME
Harassment due to sexual orientation EVHARJB, HARJOB5
Health insurance offered by employer EMPHLTH, EMPHLTH1, EMPHLTH2, EMPHPLAN
Hours worked HRS1, HRS2
Ignored IGNORWK
Jokes JOKESWK
Lies LIEDCWKR
Overtime MOREDAYS, MUSTWORK
Rude treatment RUDEWK
Rumors RUMORWK
Salaried or hourly WAYPAID
Source of workplace violence WKBHVRS
Weeks worked in past year WEEKSWRK
Work at home WRKHOME, WHYWKHME
Work schedule WRKSCHED, CHNGTIME
Years at current job YEARSJOB
R's work history WRKYEARS, EVUNEMP, NUMUNEMP,
TOTUNEMP, EMPYEARS, SAMEJOB, JOBYEARS,
NEVERWK, YEARSJOB, WHYLEAVE
CUREMPYR, LASTYRWK, LEAVEJB
R's work status WRKSTAT, PARTFULL, WRKTYPE
Scientific FARMING, JOURNLSM, ACCNTSCI, FIREFTNG, MARRCOUN,
MEDTREAT, ARCHITCT, LAWENFRC, ENGNRING,
SLSMNSHP, CMPRGMNG, FINLCOUN
Scientists SCIENTRE, SCIENTWK, SCIENTMO, SCIENTBR
Spouse working for government SPWRKGVT
Tests INTLTEST, SKILTEST, DRUGTEST, PHYSICAL
Unemployment EVUNEMP, NUMUNEMP, TOTUNEMP, UNEMP
UNEMP5, WANTJOB1, LAIDOFF
Wealth, total of R WEALTH
Why wage differences between sexes FELESS1, FELESS2, FELESS3
See also D.O.T. CODES, GENETIC TESTING,
HOURS WORKED, JOB, LABOR FORCE STATUS,
OCCUPATION, LABOR UNIONS, WEEKS
WORKED, WORK
England, See COUNTRIES
English, See CITIZEN OBLIGATION
ENVIRONMENT
Air pollution
from cars CARSGEN, CARSFAM, CARSTEN, GASREGS
from industry INDUSGEN, INDUSFAM
Animal "rights" and testing ANRIGHTS, ANTESTS, ANSCITST
Antarctica, R's opinion on scientfic COMORSCI
or commercial use
Business to protect environment BUSGRN
Economic growth GRNECON, GRWTHELP, GRWTHARM
Environmental knowledge scale GRNTEST1, GRNTEST2, GRNTEST3, GRNTEST4, GRNTEST5, GRNTEST6,
GRNTEST7, KNWCAUSE, KNOWSOL
Gasoline regulation GASREGS, MOREMPG
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
Genetic engineering GENEGEN

Global warming
if from…
Business leaders BIZBSTGW, BUSDECID
Elected officials POLBSTGW
Scientists SCIBSTGW
Effects ENPRBFAM
Most concern to R CAREMOST, GRNEFFME, ENPRBUS
R bothered if…
Antarctic penguins threatened PENGUINS
Arctic seals threatened ARTSEALS
Native people no longer able to follow way of life INUITWAY
Northern ice cap completely melt NOICECAP
Polar bears in 2020 extinct EXTINCT
Sea level rises 20 ft, floods coastal areas SEALEVEL
Influence on policy should be from…
Business leaders BIZINFGW, BUSDECID
Elected officials POLINFGW
Scientists SCIINFGW
R's knowledge of (global warming) KNWGW, TEMPGEN1
Scientists' agreement on importance of SCIAGRGW
Understood by…
Business leaders GWBIZ, BUSDECID
Elected officials GWPOL
Environmental scientists GWSCI
Government/business policy PUBDECID, BUSDECID
Government spending on . . . NATENVIR, NATENVIY, NATENVIZ, SPENVIRO,
AMPROGRN, USDOENUF, NATENRGY
"Greenhouse effect" GRNTEST3, TEMPGEN, TEMPFAM
Groups protecting the environment BIZPEOP, GOVTBIZ, PEOPGOVT
Human/nature interaction SCIWORSE, HARMSGRN, RESNATUR,
International policy GRNINTL, LDCGRN, ECONGRN, USDOENUF
Natural environment protection NATRECON
Nuclear power ENGNUKE, POLNUKE, BIZNUKE
Nuclear power accidents NUKEACC, ENGAGRNK
Nuclear power plants NUKEGEN, NUKEFAM, ENGAGRNK, ENHINFNK
POLINFNK, BIZINFNK, ENGBSTNK, POLBSTNK, BIZBSTNK
NUKEELEC
Population growth POPGRWTH
GRNPROG, NATURPAX, NATURWAR, NATURGOD
Personal responsibility IMPGRN, OTHSSAME, PEOPGRN, TOODIFME,
GRNEXAGG, HELPHARM, REDCEHME, NOBUYGRN
Buy chemical-free food CHEMFREE
Drive less DRIVLESS, REDCEHME
Eat no meat NOMEAT
Recycle RECYCLE, H2OLESS
Pesticides CHEMFAM, CHEMGEN
Political participation. . .
Donated to environmental group GRNMONEY
Joined environmental group GRNGROUP
Petitioned for environmental issue GRNSIGN
Protested over environmental issue GRNDEMO
Protect environment. . .
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
Cut standard of living GRNSOL, NOBUYGRN

Laws restricting industry GRNLAWS
Pay higher prices GRNPRICE
Pay higher taxes GRNTAXES
R's interest in environmental issues INTENVIR, TOPPROB1, TOPPROB2, IHLPGRN, GRNCON
Water pollution WATERGEN, WATERFAM
See also SCIENCE, UNITED STATES
EQUAL RIGHTS AMENDMENT ERAREAD, ERAMEANS, ERA, ERATELL

ERAWHY1, ERAWHY2, ERAWHY3, ERAIMP, ERAINFO
Equality, See INCOME, INEQUALITY
ESP, See RELIGION
ETHNICITY
Attitudes
Closeness to blacks, whites CLOSEBLK, CLOSEWHT
Closeness to one's own racial/ethnic ETHCLOSE
group
Differences among/between ethnic groups ETHSAME, ETHDIFF
Ethnic/racial political organizations promote ETHORGS
separatism
Government pays proper attention to WHTGOVT, BLKGOVT, HSPGOVT, ASNGOVT
Government representation reflect ethnic OWNETH, CONGETH
composition of constituency
Government to help maintain or integrate ethnic GVTAPART, GVTMELT
groups
Integration of ethnic groups MELTPOT, ETHIGNOR, ETHNOFIT, ETHTRADS, ETHADAPT
into American society
Importance of ethnic group to sense of
who you are ETHIMP
Schools emphasize ethnic/racial issues properly ETHHIST
Ethnic background of . . .
Respondent ETHID, ETHID1, AMISSUE, AMISSUE1,
ETHISSUE, ETHISSU1, ETHNIC, ETH1, ETH2, ETH3,
ETHNUM, HISPANIC, NATBORN
Spouse SPETHNIC, SPETH1, SPETH2, SPETH3, SPETHNUM
See also LANGUAGE, NATIVITY, RACE,
UNITED STATES
EUTHANASIA LETDIE1, LETDIE2, LETDIE1Y

See also SUICIDE, TERMINAL ILLNESS
Evenings, See SOCIABILITY
Experiments, See SPLIT BALLOTS
Extramarital sex, See SEX
Fair, See PEOPLE
Faith, See RELIGION

Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
FAMILY
Adopted children ADOPTKID
Age 16 FAMILY16, FAMDIF16
Balancing work and family BALWKFAM, WKVSFAM, FAMVSWK, JOBVSFAM
FAMWKBST, FAMWKLST
Caring for ill family member OBTOHELP
R time looking after family RFAMLOOK
Spouse time looking after family SPFALOOK
Communication with . . .
adult relatives GRPARNUM, GRKIDNUM, UNAUNUM,
INLAWNUM, RELNUM, RELMOST RELVISIT,
RELTIME, RELCALL UNCAUNTS, COUSINS,
PARSLAW, SIBINLAW, NIECENEP, GODPARTS
parents MALIVE1, MAYRBORN, MAYRDIED, PALIVE1,
PAYRBORN, PAYRDIED, MALIVE, MAVISIT,
MATIME, MACALL, PALIVE, PAVISIT, PATIME,
PACALL, PAVISIT1, PACALL1,
MAVISIT1, MACALL1, MATIME1
siblings SISNUM, SISVISIT, SISTIME, SISCALL, BRONUM,
BROVISIT, BROTIME, BROCALL, SIBMOST,
SIBVISIT, SIBCALL
son/daughter DAUNUM, DAUVISIT, DAUTIME, DAUCALL,
SONNUM, SONVISIT, SONTIME, SONCALL,
KIDMOST, KIDVISIT, KIDCALL, ENGDA, ENGSON
Conflict with work REFPROMO, REFMORWK, REFXHOUR,
WORKLESS, NOATHOME, NONURSE,
NOHMEWRK
Children EVKID, KIDLIVED, KIDNOW1, KIDNOW2, KIDRESP
Deaths of family members PADEATH, MADEATH, CHLDDTH, SIBDEATH, SPDEATH, DEATH5, DEATH16
Employer's attempts to meet family needs FLEXTIME, PARLEAVE
Health insurance
R's biological children covered MYKIDS
R's non-biological/adopted children covered OTHKIDS
R's spouse covered under R's plan SPPART
Men overwork and hurt family MEOVRWRK
Mode of communication INPERSON, BYPHONE, LETTERS, MEETINGS,
BYEMAIL, BYEMPROB
CELPHONE, CALLTYPE
Number of friends and relatives NUMCNTCT, NUMPROBS
Problems with FAMPER1, FAMPER2, FAMPER3, FAMPER 4, FAMPER5
Quality of future family life HAPGIRLS, HAPBOYS
R's household characteristics
Characterisitics of R's nth child KDSEX1, KIDSEX2, KIDSEX3, KIDSEX4, KIDSEX5, KIDSEX6, KIDSEX7, KIDSEX8,
KIDSEX9, KDYRBRN1, KDYRBRN2, KDYRBRN3, KDYRBRN4, KDYRBRN5,
KDYRBRN6, KDYRBRN7, KDYRBRN8, KDYRBRN9, KDREL1, KDREL2, KDREL3,
KDREL4, KDREL5, KDREL6, KDREL7, KDREL8, KDREL9
KDALIVE1, KDALIVE2, KDALIVE3, KDALIVE4, KDALIVE5, KDALIVE6,KDALIVE7,
KDALIVE8, KDALIVE9, KDEDUC1, KDEDUC2, KDEDUC3, KDEDUC4, KDEDUC5
KDEDUC6, KDEDUC7, KDEDUC8, KDEDUC9
Characteristics of nth person in R's household OLD1, OLD2, OLD3, OLD4, OLD5, OLD6, OLD7, OLD8, OLD9, OLD10, OLD11,
OLD12, OLD13, OLD14, MAR1, MAR2, MAR3, MAR4, MAR5, MAR6, MAR7, MAR8,
MAR9,MAR10, MAR11, MAR12, MAR13, MAR14,
AWAY1, AWAY2, AWAY3, AWAY4, AWAY5, AWAY6,
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
AWAY7, AWAY8, AWAY9, AWAY10, AWAY11, AWAY12, AWAY13, AWAY14,

WHERE1, WHERE2, WHERE3, WHERE4, WHERE5, WHERE 6, WHERE7,
WHERE8, WHERE9, WHERE10, WHERE11, WHERE12, WHERE13, WHERE14
RELATE1, RELATE2, RELATE3, RELATE4, RELATE5, RELATE6, RELATE7,
GENDER1, GENDER2, GENDER3, GENDER4, GENDER5, GENDER6, GENDER7
GENDER8, GENDER9, GENDER9, GENDER10, GENDER11, GENDER12,
GENDER13, GENDER14
Relation of nth person to household head RELHHD1, RELHHD2, RELHHD3, RELHHD4, RELHHD5, RELHHD6, RELHHD7,
R's marital status MARITAL, AGEWED, DIVORCE, WIDOWED,
AGEWEDCR, POSSLQ, EVDIV, MARUNION
Religion
R's spouse raised Jewish SPJOTH16, SPJREL16
R accepts relative marrying RELMARRY
someone from a different religion
Sex abuse by friends or family members CLSCLSEX
Socializing with family SOCREL, SOCPARS, SOCSIBS
Spouse's family at age 16 SPFAM16
Success in FAMLIFE
Who benefits/hurts from traditional MENBEN, WOMENBEN, CHLDBEN, ALLBEN,
household arrangement NOONEBEN, MENHRT, WOMENHRT, CHLDHRT,
ALLHRT, NOONEHRT
See also AGED, CHILDREN, COHABITATION,

DIVORCE, HOUSEHOLD, INCOME,
MARITAL STATUS, PARENTS, RELATIVES,
SATISFACTION, SIBLINGS, SOCIABILITY,
SOCIAL NETWORKS, LABOR FORCE STATUS,
RELIGION, JOB
Father, See EDUCATION, OCCUPATION,

SOCIAL NETWORKS, SOCIABILITY, TRAUMA
Fatigue, See HEALTH
Fear neighborhood, See RESIDENCE
FEDERAL GOVERNMENT
Confidence in institutions CONFED, CONJUDGE, CONLEGIS, CONARMY,
CONFEDY, CONJUDGY, CONLEGIY, CONARMYY,
CONCONG, CONGOVT, FEDTRUST
Democracy's effectiveness DEMWORKS
Entitlements for immigrants and IMMFARE, UNDOCWRK, UNDOCCOL, IMMCOSTS
undocumented aliens UNDOCKID
Fraud TAXCHEAT, GOVCHEAT
Government pays proper attention to WHTGOVT, BLKGOVT, HSPGOVT, ASNGOVT
Government representation reflect OWNETH, CONGETH
ethnic composition of constituency
Government versus private operation of RUNPOWER, RUNHOSP, RUNBANKS
electric power, hospitals, banks
Impact/Effect of elections for raising POLEFF14
awareness of government to people's needs
Impact/Effect of the individual on government POLEFF11
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
Impact/Effect of a single politician on POLEFF12

the government
Level of power GOVTPOW
Members of Congress try to keep election promises POLEFF16, POLEFY16
Natural environment protection NATRECON
Natural disaster responsibilities SPNATDIS, NATDISIN, NATDISCM
Responsibilities AFFRMACT, HELPPOOR, HELPNOT, HELPSICK,
HELPBLK, JOBAFF, NATDISIN, NATDISCM
Provide consumer information REQINFO
Retirement MUSTRET
Role in economy JOBSALL, PRICECON, HLTHCARE, AIDOLD,
AIDINDUS, AIDUNEMP, EQUALIZE, AIDCOL,
AIDHOUSE
Role in industry OWNPOWER, OWNMASS, OWNSTEEL,
OWNBANKS, OWNAUTOS
Role in integrating or maintaining ethnic/racial groups GVTAPART, GVTMELT
within American society
Secrecy issues
Rights of the individual CHKFINAN, CHKSPFIN, CHKTAXES, KNOMENTL
Secrets kept by the government SECDIPLO, SECMILOP, SECTERR, SECBUDGT
Social Security SOCSECRT, SOCSECFX, SOCSECNU
Spending levels CUTSPDR, CUTSPDFG
Spending priorities
Big cities NATCITY, NATCITYY, NATCITYZ
Crime and drugs NATCRIME, NATDRUG, NATCRIMY, NATDRUGY,
NATCRIMZ, NATDRUGZ, SPPOLICE
Education and childcare NATEDUC, NATCHLD, NATEDUCY, NATEDUCZ,
SPSCHOOL
Environment NATENVIR, NATENVIY, NATENVIZ, SPENVIRO
Foreign affairs NATARMS, NATAID, NATARMSY, NATAIDY,
NATARMSZ, NATAIDZ, SPARMS
Health NATHEAL, NATHEALY, NATHEALZ, SPHLTH
Improving the conditions of blacls NATRACE, NATRACEY, NATRACEZ
Science and culture NATPARK, NATSCI, NATPARKZ, SPARTS
Social security and other govt benefits NATFARE, NATSOC, NATFAREY, NATFAREZ,
NATSOCZ, SPRETIRE, SPUNEMP, SPMENTL,
SPNATDIS
Space exploration NATSPAC, NATSPACY, NATSPACZ
Taxes and debt TAXSPEND
Transportation NATROAD, NATMASS, NATROADZ, NATMASSZ
Support for science ADVFRONT, LEADSCI
Funds for stem cell research SCRESRCH
Trust that government administrators will do what is POLEFF17, POLEFY17
best for country
Understanding of political issues/government POLEFF13, POLEFF15
See also CONFIDENCE, ECONOMY, SPENDING,
UNITED STATES, CIVIL LIBERTIES, COURTS,
BIRTH CONTROL, PRIVACY
FEELINGS
Anger SHOWANGR, ANGRYWRK, ANGRYFAM, ANGRYGVT, ANGRYWHY, ANGRYEV,
WHNANGRY, HOWANGRY, ANGRLAST, THNKANGR, ANGRY
MADAT, MADAT1, MADAT2, MADAT3, MADAT4, MADAT5, MADAT6, MADAT7,
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
MADAT8, MADAT9, MADAT10, MADAT11, MADAT12, MADAT13, MADAT14,

MADAT15, MADAT16, MADAT17, MADAT18, MADAT19, MADAT20, MADAT21,
MADAT22, MADAT23, MADAT24
Changing feelings of anger CHNANG1, CHNANG2, CHNANG3, CHNANG4, CHNANG5, CHNANG6, CHNANG7,
CHNANG8, CHNANG9, CHNANG10, CHNANG11, CHNANG12, CHNANG13,
CHNANG14, CHNANG15, CHNANG16
Responsibility for anger REACTOK, OTHRESP, SELFRESP, LIKEOTH
Empathy & caring EMPATHY1, EMPATHY2, EMPATHY3, EMPATHY4, EMPATHY5, EMPATHY6,
EMPATHY7, SELFLESS, ACCPTOTH
Feeling of freedom FREEMNS1, FREEMNS2, FREEMNS3
Feelings towards control over one's life NOPLAN, BADBRKS, MOSTLUCK, LITCNTRL
Feelings towards onself
Self-confidence, self-respect SATSELF, AFAILURE, SLFRSPCT, OFWORTH,
NOGOOD
Optimist OPTIMIST, MOREGOOD
Pessimist PESSIMST, NOTCOUNT, BIG5B2
Lazy BIG5C2
Nervous BIG5D2
Relaxed BIG5D1
Trusted BIG5B1
Sociable BIG5A2
Imaginative BIG5E1
Unartistic BIG5E2
Thorough BIG5C1
Reserved BIG5A1
General display/control of feelings SHOWANGR, SHOWFEEL, NOEMOTE,
NOTUPSET, BEPLESNT, NOTWORRY
Has R felt...
Angry ANGRY
Anxious ANXIOUS
Ashamed ASHAMED
At ease ATEASE
Calm CALM
Contented CONTENTD
Embarrassed EMBARRSS
Excited EXCITED
Fearful FEARFUL
Happy HAPFEEL
In the past 30 days…
Hopeless HOPELESS
Nervous NERVOUS
Restless or fidgety FIDGETY
Sad NOCHEER
That everything is an effort EFFORT
Worthless WRTHLESS
Lonely LONELY
Mad MADAT
Outraged OUTRAGED
Overjoyed OVRJOYED
Proud PROUD
Restless RESTLESS
Sad SAD
Unable to shake the blues SHAKEBLU
Worried WORRIED
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
See also HEALTH, ASIAN-AMERICANS, BLACKS,

HISPANICS, WHITES
Feminism, See WOMEN
Fertility expectations, See CHILDREN
FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS AND BANKS

Confidence in CONFINAN, CONFINAY
Government ownership of OWNBANKS
See also CONFIDENCE
Financial situation, See INCOME, TRAUMA
Firearms, See GUN
Foreign aid, See UNITED STATES
FOREIGN AFFAIRS
Economic differences between countries LDCGAP
Foreign policy, R's information about KNWFORGN
Nuclear war NUKEWAR, MORENUKE, LESSNUKE, NONUKE
R's interest in international issues INTINTL, TOPPROB1, TOPPROB2
Tax to help poor countries LDCTAX
Trade increases mean fewer jobs in U.S. MORETRDE
United Nations USUN
U.S. involvement in war USWAR, USWARY, LANDWAR
U.S. involvement in world affairs USINTL
See also COMMUNISM, COUNTRIES,
ENVIRONMENT, UNITED STATES
Form, See SPLIT BALLOTS
Free trade, See ECONOMY, UNITED STATES
FREEDOM
Amount compared with the past FREENOW, RFREENOW
Amount have HOWFREE, RHOWFREE
Choice and control CNTRLIFE
Experiences that make feel free FREEEXP1, FREEEXP2, FREEEXP3
Freedom is... (interpretations of) FREEMNS1, FREEMNS2, FREEMNS3
Being left alone LEFTLONE
Choose and do what I want CHOICE
Express unpopular ideas EXPUNPOP
Feeling inner peace INPEACE
Government not spying or interfering NOGOVT
Participating in politics PARTPOL, MEMPOLIT
See also MEDIA, SOCIAL CLASS, UNITED STATES
CIVIL LIBERTIES, EQUAL RIGHTS AMENDMENT
Free Speech, See CIVIL LIBERTIES
FRIENDS
Best friend BESTFRD
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
Contact with BSTVISIT, BSTCALL

Close friends . . .
At work FRIWORK, COWRKFRD
Contact with FRIVISIT, FRITIME, FRICALL
Denomination of FRNDDEN1, FRNDDEN2, FRNDDEN3, FRNDDEN4, FRNDDEN5
Gender of FRISEX
In neighborhood FRINEIGH, NEIFRD
Number of FRINUM, FRIENDS, NUMFREND, OTHFRD
Race of FRNDRAC1, FRNDRAC2, FRNDRAC3, FRNDRAC4, FRNDRAC5, NUMBWFRD,
Religion of BWFRIEND, FRNDREL1, FRNDREL2, FRNDREL3, FRNDREL4, FRNDREL5
Desirable qualities of... FRDHONST, FRDINTEL, FRDCREAT, FRDCULTR, FRDDYNAM, FRDFUN, FRDRESP,
FRDTHINK, FRDHELPS, FRDKNOWS, FRDENJOY
Group of friends FRNDKNOW
Helped needy friend NEEDYFRD
Religion helps R meet the right people RIGHTPEO
Religion helps R make friends MAKEFRND
Sex abuse of by religious leader CLSCLSEX
See also SATISFACTION, SOCIABILITY,
SOCIAL NETWORKS
Gallup-Thorndike, See VOCABULARY TEST
GAYS AND LESBIANS

Age first attracted to same sex ATTRACTD
Age R first told another that R was gay/les/bi TOLDSXOR
Age R first told another R had sex with same sex TOLDSMSX
Attitudes toward HOMOSEX, HOMOSEX1
Cause of homosexuality HOMOCHNG
Civil liberties of SPKHOMO, COLHOMO, LIBHOMO
Gender of R's sex partners since age 18 SEXSEX18
Government inquiries into ASKSEXOR
Housing problems due to discrimination EVDWELL, DWELL5
In military DRAFTGAY
Job
Harassment EVHARJB, HARJOB5
How many co-workers know R is gay TOLDWORK
Job loss/problems due to discrimination EVLOSEJB, LOSEJOB5, EVNEGJOB, NEGJOB5
Marriage MARHOMO
Marital status of R MARUNION
Number of Gays R knows…
at work ACQWKGAY, TOLDWORK
in family ACQFMGAY
in general ACQGAY
in neighborhood ACQNHGAY
through voluntary organizations ACQVAGAY
Number if Gays R trusts TRTGAY
Sexual orientation of R SEXORNT
Spouse/partner, sex of SEXUNION
See also SEX
Gender, See SEX, WOMEN
Gender roles, See HOUSEHOLD

Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
GENETIC TESTING
Birth defects GENEDEF1, GENEDEF2, GENEDEF3, GENEABRT
Effects of GENEVIG1, GENEVIG2, GENENVO1
GENENVO2, GENENVO3, GENENVO4, GENEEXPS
Employment GENEJOB, GENEHIRE, GENECANX, GENECANY, GENEGETS
Good or harmful GENEGOOD, GENEGOO1, GENEGOO2
Knowledge of GENETEST, GENETST1, TOMATOES, CLONING
R would use GENESELF
Vignette GENENVO1, GENENVO2, GENENVO3,
GENENVO4
See also ABORTION
GEOGRAPHIC MOBILITY MOBILE16
Get ahead, See WORK
Global warming, See ENVIRONMENT, SCIENCE
God, See RELIGION
Government, See also CONFIDENCE, ECONOMY,

FEDERAL GOVERNMENT, POLITICAL,
SPENDING, UNITED STATES
Grandparents, see NATIVITY, FAMILY
Grass, See MARIJUANA
Great Britain, See COUNTRIES
Group, see VOLUNTARY ASSOCIATIONS
GUNS
Ownership OWNGUN, PISTOL, SHOTGUN, RIFLE,
ROWNGUN, OTHGUNS
R threatened with gun GUN, GUNAGE, GUNNUM
R's view…
Favor or oppose permits GUNLAW, HGUNLAW
Drinking and carrying a gun illegal GUNSDRNK
Firmness of opinion GUNFIRM
Handgun ban's effect on crime HGUNCRIM, CRIMUP, CRIMDOWN
Importance of GUNIMP
Knowledge of issue GUNINFO
Limit semi-automatics and high powered guns to
military SEMIGUNS, RIFLES50
Penalty for illegal sales GUNSDRUG
Require background check GUNSALES
Stricter gun law after 9/11 GUNS911
HAPPINESS
General HAPPY, HAPPY7, HAPUNHAP
Marriage HAPMAR
See also SATISFACTION

Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
HEALTH
Animal testing that harms animals, helps humans ANSCITST
Disabilities, R's
Difficulty remembering or learning DISABLD6
Emotional or mental disability DISABLD5
Hearing problem DISABLD1
Phyiscal disability DISABLD3
Physical disability, other DISABLD4
Problem with daily tasks DISABLD7
Vision problem DISABLD2
Doctors
Choice of doctor DOCLIST, ANYDOC, CHOSEDOC
Have regular doctor REGDOC
Have same doctor for more than one year REGDOCYR
Incentives for doctors FININC, FININC1, FININC2, FININC3, FININC4
Opinions about doctors. . .
Competency DOC3, DOC9, DOC16, DOC16A, DOC19, DOC19A
Concern for patient DOC2, DOC5, DOC8, DOC15, DOC15A
Financial concerns DOC7, DOC13, DOC14
Other DOC6, DOC10, DOC11
Prefer doctor to admit mistakes DOC20A
Prefer doctor to offer choices to me DOCASKME
Prefer doctor to make decisions for my health care DOCDECID
Thoroughness DOC1, DOC4
Trust DOC12, DOC17, DOC18, DOC18A, DOC20, DOCCOSTS
Rely on doctor's knowledge DOCRELY
Satisfaction with doctor DOCSAT
General HEALTH, HEALTH1
Health care HELPSICK, HLTHCARE, HLTHCOVR
Coverage offered by employer EMPHLTH, EMPHLTH1, EMPHLTH2, EMPHPLAN
Coverage switched SWITHLTH
Denied mental health care services under MNTLDENY
benefits package
Difficulty receiving care MNTLDIF, DIFFCARE
Future of Medicare MEDCHCK
Have health insurance HLTHINSR, HRDSHP6
Have Medicare/Medicaid HLTHPLAN
How likely R could find new job, same benefits FINDNWJB
Insurance plan have restrictions INSRLMTS
Insurance plan covers R's children MYKIDS
Insurance covers non-bio/adopted kids OTHKIDS
Insurance covers R's spouse SPPART
Insurance, source of HLTHTYPE
Opinion of HMO's HMO1, HMO2, HMO3, HMO4, HMO5, HMO6, HMO7
Other name for insurance plan or HMO policy OTHPLAN
Received mental health care treatment MNTLCARE
Health problems HLTH1, HLTH2, HLTH3, HLTH4, HLTH5, HLTH6, HLTH7,
HLTH8, HLTH9, HLTH10, HLTH11, HLTHDAYS
Pain BACKPAIN, PAINARMS
Stress USEDUP
HIV/AIDS test HIVTEST
Test date, location HIVTEST1, HIVTEST2
Physical health PHYSHLTH
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
Physical or emotional limitations. . .

Accomplished less DIDLESSP, DIDLESSE
TREAT3, TREAT5, WAIT3, WAIT5
Calm and peaceful PEACEFUL, TREAT8, WAIT8
Downhearted and blue DOWNBLUE, TREAT10, WAIT10
Energy ENERGY, TREAT9, WAIT9
Interfered with social activities SOCACTS, TREAT11, WAIT11
Less careful CRELESSE, TREAT6, WAIT6
Limited activities LIMITEDP, TREAT4, WAIT4
Moderate activities MODACT, TREAT1, WAIT1
Pain interfered with work PAIN, TREAT7, WAIT7
Stairs STAIRS, TREAT2, WAIT2
R's interest in new medical discoveries INTMED
Satisfaction with health SATHEALT
Sought health information HLTHINFO
Where sought HLTHPAPR, HLTHMAG1, HLTHMAG2, HLTHDOC
HLTHFREL, HLTHTV, HLTHWWW
Sought medical care for mental health USEDMNTL
Treatment for...
Emotional health problem EMOTQOL, EMOTFAM, EMOTCURE, EMOTRELY, EMOTFEEL
Feeling downhearted and blue DOWNQOL, DOWNFAM, DOWNCURE, DOWNRELY, DOWNFEEL
Pain PAINQOL, PAINFAM, PAINCURE,PAINRELY, PAINFEEL
Vignette DOCVIG, BELVEDOC, DOCINFO, DOCNOMRI,
DOCSWTCH, INSRCHNG, SECOPIN
Trouble Sleeping SLPPRBLM
See also TRAUMA, UNITED STATES,
MENTAL HEALTH, FEELINGS, AIDS, ABORTION,
EUTHANASIA, CHILDREN
Helpful, See PEOPLE
High School, See EDUCATION, CHILDREN
HISPANICS
Attitudes to welfare FAREHSPS
Attitude toward work WORKHSPS
Commitment to fair and equal treatment FAIRHSPS
of all groups
Commitment to family FAMHSPS
Influence of INFLUHSP
Intelligence of INTLHSPS
Patriotism of PATRHSPS
Proneness to violence VIOLHSPS
Discrimination against HSPJOBS, HSPHOUSE
Estimated percentage in local community COMHISP
Estimated percentage in US USHISP
Feel warm/cool toward . . . FEELHSPS
Government pays proper attention to HSPGOVT
Know any. . . KNWHISP
Feel close to HISPCLS
How know (school, community, related work) HISPSCHL, HISPCOM, HISPREL, HISPWRK
Number of Hispanics R knows…
at work ACQWKHSP
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
in family ACQFMHSP
in general ACQHISP
in neighborhood ACQNHHSP
through voluntary organizations ACQVAHSP
Living in neighborhood LIVEHSPS, HSPASN10
Number if Hispanics R trusts TRTHISP
Population will grow HISPCHNG
Relative marrying MARHISP
Spanish bilingual education ENGTEACH
Wealth of WLTHHSPS
Work with HISPWORK
See also LANGUAGE, RACE, ETHNICITY
HMO's, See HEALTH
Hobbies, See LEISURE, SATISFACTION,

VOLUNTARY ASSOCIATIONS
HOMICIDE
Age of known victims CIDEAGE, CIDEAGE2, CIDEAGE3
R knows any victims CIDEKNEW, CIDEWHO, CIDEWHO2, CIDEWHO3
Race of known victims CIDERACE, CIDERAC2, CIDERAC3
Region of known victims CIDEREG, CIDEREG2, CIDEREG3
Sex of known victims CIDESEX, CIDESEX2, CIDESEX3
See also CAPITAL PUNISHMENT, CRIME,
VIOLENCE
Homosexuals, See CIVIL LIBERTIES,

GAYS & LESBIANS, SEX
Hospitalization, See TRAUMA, HEALTH,

MENTAL HEALTH
HOURS WORKED
Respondent HRS1, HRS2, WORKWEEK
Spouse SPHRS1, SPHRS2
See also EMPLOYMENT, LABOR FORCE STATUS,
WEEKS WORKED, WORK
House, See DWELLING, RESIDENCE
HOUSEHOLD
Age groups BABIES, PRETEEN, TEENS, ADULTS, FAMGEN
Aged should not live with parents OWNHH1
Composition
Characterisitics of R's nth child KDSEX1, KDSEX2, KDSEX3, KDSEX4, KDSEX5, KDSEX6,
KDSEX7, KDSEX8, KDSEX9
KDYRBRN1, KDYRBRN2, KDYRBRN3, KDYRBRN4, KDYRBRN5, KDYRBRN6,
KDREL1, KDREL2, KDREL3, KDREL4, KDREL5, KDREL6,
KDREL7, KDREL8, KDREL9
KDALIVE1, KDALIVE2, KDALIVE3, KDALIVE4, KDALIVE5, KDALIVE6,
KDALIVE7, KDALIVE8, KDALIVE9
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
KDEDUC1, KDEDUC2, KDEDUC3, KDEDUC4, KDEDUC5, KDEDUC6

KDEDUC7, KDEDUC8, KDEDUC9
Characteristics of nth person in R's household OLD1, OLD2, OLD3, OLD4, OLD5, OLD6, OLD7, OLD8, OLD9, OLD10, OLD11,
OLD12, OLD13, OLD14, MAR1, MAR2, MAR3, MAR4, MAR5, MAR6, MAR7, MAR8,
MAR9, MAR10 MAR11, MAR12, MAR13, MAR14,
AWAY1, AWAY2, AWAY3, AWAY4, AWAY5, AWAY6,
AWAY7, AWAY8, AWAY9, AWAY10, AWAY11, AWAY12, AWAY13, AWAY14,
WHERE1, WHERE2, WHERE3, WHERE4, WHERE5, WHERE 6, WHERE7,
WHERE8, WHERE9, WHERE10, WHERE11, WHERE12, WHERE13, WHERE14
RELATE1, RELATE2, RELATE3, RELATE4, RELATE5, RELATE6, RELATE7,
GENDER1, GENDER2, GENDER3, GENDER4, GENDER5, GENDER6, GENDER7
GENDER8, GENDER9, GENDER9, GENDER10, GENDER11, GENDER12,
GENDER13, GENDER14
Children KIDLIVED, KIDNOW1, KIDNOW2, KIDRESP
Generations in household FAMGEN
Household type HHTYPE, HHTYPE1
Number in household unrelated UNRELAT
Number in R's family RESPNUM
Number of persons in household HOMPOP, HEFINFO
Number of visitors in household VISITORS
R a visitor RVISITOR
Race of household HHRACE
Relation of nth person to household head RELHH1, RELHH2, RELHH3, RELHH4, RELHH5, RELHH6, RELHH7, RELHH8,
RELHH9, RELHH10, RELHH11, RELHH12, RELHH12, RELHH14
RELHHD1, RELHHD2, RELHHD3, RELHHD4, RELHHD5, RELHHD6, RELHHD7,
Relation of nth person to spouse of household head RELSP1, RELSP2, RELSP3, RELSP4, RELSP5, RELSP6, RELSP7, RELSP8,
RELSP9, RELSP10,RELSP11, RELSP12, RELSP13, RELSP14
R's relationship to household head RPLACE
Division of household work and chores
Attitudes toward TIMEHOME, STRSSHME
Care for sick family members CARESICK, CARESIK1
Cleaning CLEAN1, HHCLEAN1
Cooking COOKING1
Fairness of FAIRHWRK, HHWKFAIR, HHWKDIS
Laundry LAUNDRY, LAUNDRY1
Men should work, women stay at home HUBBYWK1, MRMOM
Plan meals DINNER
Repairs REPAIRS, REPAIRS1
R's level of household work HWDUTIES, RHMEWRK, RHHWORK
R's spouse's level of household work SPHMEWRK, SPHHWORK, HHWKFAIR
Shop for food SHOPFOOD, SHOP1
Tired TIREDHM1, TIREDWK1
Division of money/finances with partner FAMFINAN
Spending and budgeting responsibilities DECAUTO, DECBED, DECGIFT, FAMBUDGT
Made direct charitable donation HOMELESS, NEEDYNEI, NEEDYREL, NEEDYFRD
NEEDYOTH
Number of wage earners EARNRS
Poverty status POVLINE, INCDEF
Race HHRACE
Reasons why women are more likely to take care of FEKIDS1, FEKIDS2, FEKIDS3, FEKIDS4, FEKIDS5
children than men are
Visitors RVISITOR, VISITORS
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
Who benefits/hurts from traditional household MENBEN, WOMENBEN, CHLDBEN, ALLBEN,

arrangement NOONEBEN, MENHRT, WOMENHRT, CHLDHRT,
ALLHRT, NOONEHRT
Women must work to support family FEWRKSUP
Young should not live with parents OWNHH
See also FAMILY CONTACT
HOUSING
Discrimination in HSPHOUSE, BLKHOUSE, ASNHOUSE
Government responsibility to provide AIDHOUSE
See also DWELLING
HUNTING HUNT, HUNTOTHR, HUNT1

See Also, LEISURE
Identity, See ETHNICITY
Illness, See TRAUMA
IMMIGRATION
Attitudes towards immigrants IMMPUSH, IMMWRKUP
KIDSHERE, KIDSAWAY, IMMRGHTS
Chances will be adversely affected at work by RIMMDISC
immigrants
Characteristics of immigrants WLTHIMM, WORKIMM, WLTHUNDC, WORKUNDC
Citizenship, does R plan to apply FUCITZN
Country where R obtained highest degree NATDEG
Entitlements for immigrants and undocumented IMMFARE, UNDOCWRK, UNDOCCOL,
aliens UNDOCKID
Impact on US IMMECON, IMMUNEMP, IMMUNITE, IMMCRMUP,
IMMNEW, IMMNOJOB, IMMIMP
Increase or decrease amount to US LETIN
Increase or decrease specific ethnic group to US LETINHSP, LETINASN, LETINEUR
Status of R IMMSTATS
Visas VISA, TYPEVISA
See also LANGUAGE, UNITED STATES, NATIVITY
INCENTIVES
Income inequality and SOCDIF1, INCENTIV
Skill acquisition and SOCDIF3
See also INCOME, INEQUALITY
INCOME
Actual
Age 16, relative to others INCOM16
Division of money/finance with partner FAMFINAN
Determinants of income PAYRESP, PAYSUP, PAYFAM1, PAYCHILD,
PAYDOWEL, PAYHARD, PAYFAM, PAYEDUC, PAYEDTRN
Earn what R deserves EARNDES, JUSTPAY, FAIREARN
From last job INCLSTJB
From R's business OWNINC
How much R's pay changed since R began PAYCHNGE
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
Importance of financial security IMPFINAN

Inflation-adjusted personal income CONRINC
Family income INCOME, INCOME72, INCOME77, INCOME82,
INCOME86, INCOME91, INCOME98, INCOME06,
REALINC, OTHPAY, CONINC
Family business/entrepreneurial BIZGROSS, BIZSHARE
Financial independence FININD, FININD1
Financial situation SATFIN, FINALTER, POVLINE, INCDEF,
FINAN1, FINAN2, FINAN3, FINAN4, FINAN5, SALSATFN, RINCBLLS
Government aid GOVAID, GETAID
Minimum needed INCNEED, MININC, MINFOUR, MINFOOD,
MINTHREE
Poverty POVLINE, INCDEF
R's income RINCOME, RINCOM77, RINCOM82, RINCOM86,
RINCOM91, RINCOM98, RINCOM06, REALRINC
R's past pay vs. current pay PASTPAY
Relative to others FINRELA, EARNSMOR, EARNMORE, EARNSHH
Relative to spouse/partner EARNSHH
Welfare WELFARE1, WELFARE2, WELFARE3, WELFARE4, WELFARE5, WELFARE6
See also HOUSEHOLD, INEQUALITY, JOB,
PURCHASES/TRANSACTIONS, POVERTY,
SOCIAL CLASS, SOCIAL MOBILITY, TAX
INDUSTRY
Child of R KDIND80
Family business FAMBIZ
Father PAIND16, PAIND80
Mother MAIND80
Respondent WRKGOVT, INDUSTRY, INDUS80
First job INDFIRST
Sibling SBIND80
Spouse SPIND, SPIND80
Current spouse's parent SPHEDIND
See also BUSINESS, CORPORATIONS,
D.O.T. CODES, OCCUPATION, WORK
INEQUALITY, Income
Equalization EQWLTH, EQWLTHY, EQINCOME, EQUALIZE,
GOVEQINC
Government responsibility to…
Help the poor HELPPOOR
Provide guaranteed annual income GOVMINC
Provide jobs for all GOVJOBS
Provide for unemployed GOVUNEMP
Reduce income inequality EQINCOME, INCGAP
Spend less on poor GOVLESS
Income of occupations, R's estimate and opinion of
ideal amount
Bank clerk PAYCLERK, GIVCLERK
Bus driver PAYBUS, GIVBUS
Cabinet member PAYCABNT, GIVCABNT
Corportate head PAYEXEC, GIVEXEC
Doctor PAYDOC, GIVDOC
Farm worker PAYFARM, GIVFARM
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
Lawyer PAYLAW, GIVLAW

Mason PAYMASON, GIVMASON
Owner of large factory PAYFCTRY, GIVFCTRY
Sales clerk PAYSALES, GIVSALES
Secretary PAYSEC, GIVSEC
Shop owner PAYOWNER, GIVOWNER
Skilled worker PAYSKILL, GIVSKILL
Supreme court justice PAYJUDGE, GIVJUDGE
Unskilled worker PAYUNSKL, GIVUNSKL
Worker in R's occupation PAYROCC, GIVROCC
Justifications for income differences INCENTIV, SOCDIF1, SOCDIF2, SOCDIF3, SOCDIF4,
INEQUAL1, INEQUAL2, INEQUAL3, INEQUAL4, INEQUAL5, INEQUAL6, INEQUAL7
Justness of better health care/education RICHHLTH, RICHEDUC
for people with higher incomes
Outcomes OPOUTCME
Right to get rich RICHPOOR
Why Blacks have lower SES RACDIF1, RACDIF2, RACDIF3, RACDIF4
See also INCOME, POVERTY
Infidelity, See SEX
Information superhighway, See COMPUTERS

AND INTERNET
Institutions, See CONFIDENCE
Integration, See RACE
Intelligence testing, See REASONING ABILITY,

VOCABULARY TEST
International, See COUNTRIES, ENVIRONMENT,

FOREIGN AFFAIRS, UNITED STATES
Interracial marriage, See RACE
Internet, See COMPUTERS AND INTERNET
INTERVIEW
Ability to complete interview if only in English SPANSELF
Interviewer's assessment of R's ability to complete SPANINT
interview if only in English
Consent to record CONSENT
Cooperation COOP2, COOP, ROBJECT, EASYGET
Understanding COMPREND, RUNDRSTD, ROBJECT
Ethnicity of Interviewer INTHISP, INTETHN
Fee used to get interview FEEUSED, FEELEVEL
Interview conducted in Spanish or English SPANENG
Length of interview LNGTHINV
Mode - in person or over phone MODE, SCIMODE
Modules completed (specific) SAQISSP, SAQSEX, SAQGENE
Respondent ID number ID
Interviewer's age INTAGE
Interviewer's race INTRACE1, INTRACE2, INTRACE3, INTETHN
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
Interviewer's sex INTSEX

Interviewer's number of years at NORC INTYRS
Interviewer's ID INTID
Interviewer perception of weight INTRWGHT
Introduction SCIINTRO
Year of interview YEAR
Isolation, see ALIENATION, ANOMIA
JEWS
Bar or bat mitzvah, R had when growing up BMITZVAH
Attitudes to welfare FAREJEWS
Attitudes to work WORKJEWS
Commitment to fair and equal treatment of all groups FAIRJEWS
Commitment to family FAMJEWS
Influence of INFLUJEW
Intelligence of INTLJEWS
Patriotism PATRJEWS
Proneness to violence VIOLJEWS
Wealth WLTHJEWS
Child of R KD1RELIG, KD2RELIG, KD3RELIG, KD4RELIG,
KD5RELIG, KD6RELIG, KD7RELIG, KD8RELIG,
KD1JWOTH, KD2JWOTH, KD3JWOTH, KD4JWOTH, KD5JWOTH,
Denomination JEWAJ, JEW16AJ, SPJEWAJ
Estimated percentage in local community COMJEWS
Estimated percentage in US USJEWS
Know any. . . KNWJEW
Feel close to JEWSCLS
How know (school, community, related work) JEWSSCHL, JEWSCOM, JEWSREL, JEWSWRK
Living in neighborhood LIVEJEWS
Parents MAJWOTH, MAJEW, PAJWOTH, PAJEW
Population will grow JEWSCHNG
Spouse SPJOTH16, SPJEWAJ
Relative marrying MARJEW
Temperature toward JEWTEMP
See also RELIGION
JOB
Absence ABSENT
Blacks shown preferences DISCAFF, DISCAFFY, JOBAFF
Chances job adversely affected by immigrants RDISCAFF, RIMMDISC
or workers of opposite race
Criteria for layoffs LAYOFFS, WHYLOSE
Computer usage at work WKCOMPTR, WOCOMPTR
Conflict with management BOSSWRKS
Current employer, years R worked for CUREMPYR
Determinants of pay
Age RAGEEMP, FTWORK, FTWORK1
Don't know RDK
Experience REXPERNC
Family responsibility RFAMRESP, PAYFAM
Formal qualifications REDUCEMP, PAYEDUC
Performance RDOWELL, PAYDOJOB
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
YEARVAL
Standard rates RPAYSAME
Tenure RYRSFIRM, PAYTIME
Does R want job now WANTJOB
ENGGOOD, ENGFUN, ENGPROB, ENGODD, ENGBTR,
ENGREL, ENGINT, ENGEARN, ENGBRNG, ENGNRING
Entrepreneurship, R owns business WHYBIZ, YEARBIZ, NUMEMPS5, NUMOWN,
PAIDEMPS, OWNINC
Full time jobs, number of (2005-2008) WORK3YRS
Full time job, year R worked last LASTYRWK
Harassment by job supervisors HARSEXJB, SPVTRFAIR
How often paid HOWPAID
Wage (hourly, weekly, etc.) HOURLY, DAILY, WEEKLY, MONTHLY, YEARLY
Health insurance
Covers R's children MYKIDS
How likely R could find new job, same benefits FINDNWJB
Offered by employer EMPHLTH, EMPHLTH1, EMPHLTH2, EMPHPLAN
Other name for insurance or HMO policy OTHPLAN
Source of HLTHTYPE
Important characteristics of a job
Income JOBINC, JOBPAY, HIINC
INCLSTJB
Job security JOBKEEP, JOBSEC, SECJOB
LOSEJB12
Short hours JOBHOUR, LEISURE
Opportunity for advancement JOBPROMO, JOBRISE, PROMOTN
Sense of accomplishment JOBMEANS
Prestige JOBHONOR
Flexible hours FLEXTIME, FLEXHRS, CHNGTIME
Time off to new parents PARLEAVE
Interesting work INTJOB
Independence WRKINDP
Helping others HLPOTHS
Social usefulness HLPSOC
Injury on the job HURTATWK
Job information sought JOBINFO
Job information sources JOBPAPER, JOBPUB, JOBCOWRK, JOBCNTCT,
JOBFRNDS, JOBPLACE, JOBTVRAD, JOBONWWW
Likelihood of R leaving present job LEAVEJOB, TRYNEWJB, WHYLEAVE
Lost jobs are better than new jobs created LOSTJOBS
Lost jobs due to trade increases MORETRDE
Number of employers R ever worked for NUMEMP
Pay raises RAISEALL, RAISEHRD, RAISEFAV
Reasons for pay differences based on sex FELESS1, FELESS2, FELESS3
R's current job
Bonuses WKBONUS, EXTRAPAY, COMPPERF,
DEPTPERF, INDPERF, EXTR2001, EXTRAVAL,
EXTRAYR, YEARVAL, EXTR2005
Discrimination/job loss due to sexual orientation EVLOSEJB, LOSEJB5, NEGJOB5
Effort at work IWRKHARD, COWRKHRD, TALKEMP, TALKSUP,
DONOTHNG
Find new job at least as good as current JOBEASY, NEWJOBS
Firm replace R, easy or difficult REPLACEU
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
Fringe benefits FRINGEOK, FRINGE1, FRINGE2, FRINGE3, FRINGE4, FRINGE5, FRINGE6, FRINGE7,
FRINGE8, FRINGE9, FRINGE10, FRINGE11
Stock options OWNSTOCK, STOCKVAL, STOCKOPS, OPS2005
Information, source of LEARNJOB
Job characteristics
Conditions allow productivity PRODCTIV
Control over work LOTOFSAY
Different standards in workplace DIFSTAND
Enough time to do job WRKTIME
Flexible hours RFLEXHRS, CHNGTIME
Free to report problems RPTPROBS
Help others RHLPOTHS
Help society RHLPSOC
Income high RHIINC
Independence RWRKINDP, WKFREEDM
Interesting RINTJOB
Leisure time RLEISURE
No conflicting demands on R CONDEMND
Not enough staff, frequency TOOFEWWK
Opportunity for advancement RPROMOTN
Organization of R's job DAILYWRK
Others are hostile and threatening to R at work OTHCREDT, PUTDOWN, LACKINFO, PERSPACE,
PHYSHARM, ACTUPSET, HOTARGUS, SHOUT,
LOOKAWAY
Overworked OVERWORK
R knows job expectations KNOWWHAT
Reliable co-workers RELIEDON
Requires R to learn new things LEARNNEW
Requires R to work fast WORKFAST
Second job SECONDWK
Secure RSECJOB, JOBSECOK, GDJOBSEC
Sexual orientation, how many co-workers know TOLDWORK
Skills of R used MYSKILLS
Smooth running workplace WKSMOOTH
Stressfulness of work, frequency WKSTRESS, STRREDPG
Treated with respect RESPECT, TREATRES
Type of last job LASTJOB
Varied tasks WORKDIFF
Working for pay WORKNOW
Workplace attendance SKIPWORK
Job vs. family responsibilities JOBVSHME, REFPROMO, REFMORWK,
REFXHOUR, WORKLESS, NOATHOME,
NONURSE, NOHMEWRK, JBINTFAM, FAMINTJB
Meeting face-to-face with clients/co-workers MEETF2F1, MEETF2F2
Promotion PROMTEOK, PROMTEFR
R's previous work in similar company SAMEWORK
R's years at similar company SITEYRS
Relations with co-workers COWRKREL, COWRKERS, LOCALNUM,
COWRKINT, COWRKHLP, SEECOWRK, INTLCOWK
Relations with management WKSUB, UNMANREL, BOSSEMPS, TRUSTMAN,
SUPCARES, SUPHELP, MANVSEMP, WKPRAISE
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
Responsibilities
Amount of money invlved where R had final say YOUMONEY
Amount of money involved in R's decisions TOTMONEY
Computers monitor R MONITRED
Control over daily work PLANWRK
Control over job LOTTOSAY, JOBCNTRL, SETTHNGS
Decision making power IDECIDE, WKDECIDE
Decisions about organizations money ORGMONEY
Duties as supervisor SUPDUTY1, SUPDUTY2, SUPDUTY3, SUPDUTY4, SUPDUTY5,
SUPDUTY6, SUPDUTY7
Duties other than as supervisor OTHDUTY1, OTHDUTY2, OTHDUTY3, OTHDUTY4, OTHDUTY5,
OTHDUTY6, OTHDUTY7
Hand movements HANDMOVE
Heavy lifting HVYLIFT
Levels of supervision below R LEVELS
Most of job is automated AUTOMATN, AUTONOJB
Number of people supervised directly YOUSUP
Part of team PARTTEAM
People you supervise supervise others SUPOTHRS
Regularly evaluated JOBJUDGE
Supervise work of other employees OFFSUP
Total number of people R is responsible for TOTSUP
Satisfaction SATJOB, JOBSAT, SATJOB1, SATJOB7, WKTOPSAT
Sex ratio GENDERWK
Size TOTALNUM, ORGSIZE, NUMORG
Type of Organization TYPEORG
R worked at other parts of organization WRKOTH, PARTORG
R's years in other parts OTHYRS
Work environment
Availability of help and equipment HLPEQUIP
Availability of information HAVEINFO
Base of operations BASEOFOP
Bored at work BOREDOM
Dangerous conditions DANGER
Different locations WHEREWRK
Exhaustion, R's XHAUSTN
Ignored IGNORWK
Jokes JOKESWK
Knowledge of where working FINDOUT
Lying LIEDCWKR
Physical work PHYSWRK, PHYEFFRT
Rudeness RUDEWK
Rumors RUMORWK
Safety in R's workplace SAFETYWK, SAFEFRST, TEAMSAFE, SAFEHLTH
Stressful work STRESS, STRREDPG
Unhealthy conditions UNHLTHY
Unpleasant conditions UNPLEZNT
Work hours OTHHRS, WORKDY, WRKSCHED
Control over SETHOURS, CHNGTME, FAMWKOFF, TIMEOFF, CHNGTIME
Preferred WANTJOB1, HRSMONEY
Years in Job OCCYRS, LOCYRS, YEARSJOB
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
Years of Training TRAINSCH

R's first job FIRSTJOB, FIRSTSLF
Date of first job DATEFRST
R's last job
Why R laid off from last job WHYJBCT1, WHYJBCT2, WHYJBCT3, WHYNOJB1, WHYNOJB2, WHYNOJB3
Why that job was abolished when R laid off WHYLOSE
Why R left last job LEAVEJB
Location of R's job NUMSITES, PLACEWRK
Loyalty to company IMATTER, HELPORG, NOTLOYAL, STAYORG1,
SAMEVALS, PROUDORG, STAYORG2, NOTICED,
CHNGEORG, PROUDEMP
R's part-time job MOONLITE
R's second job OTHERWRK
R's skills SCHOOLNG, TRAINING, LEARNING, EXPTRAIN
Developed through education EDCSKILL
Developed through work experience JOBSKILL, OPDEVEL, TRAINOPS
Used in present job USESKILL
Usefulness in finding another job NEWJOB
R's supervisory role WKSUP, SUPERVIS, SUPNUM
R's training OCCTRAIN, TRAINSCH, OTJTRAIN
Self-employment WRKSLF, SPWRKSLF, PAWRKSLF, MAWRKSLF,
KDWRKSLF, SBWRKSLF
FORMLTRN, FORMLFIN, FORMLDYS, EMPTRAIN
FORMLHRS, DOINGTRN, DOINGFIN,
DOINGDYS, JBTRAIN
Sex preferences/discrimination DISCAFFM, DISCAFFW, FEHIRE
Size of spouse's company SPLOCNUM
Spouse's time at work SPDAYS, SPHOUR, SPHRS1, SPHRS2
Technology's effect on work/jobs TECHJOBS, TECHWORK
Tenure WKTENURE
Type of employer desired EMPSELF, SMALLBIG, INDUSOTH, PRIVGOVT
Trade increases mean fewer U.S. jobs MORETRDE
Worry about losing job WORRYJOB, LOSEJB12
See also D.O.T CODES, ECONOMY,
LABOR UNIONS, OCCUPATION, WORK,
Judicial system, See COURTS
Kids, See CHILDREN
KNOWLEDGE
Environmental GRNTEST1, GRNTEST2, GRNTEST3, GRNTEST4, GRNTEST5,
GRNTEST6, GRNTEST7
Political GOVERNOR, USREP, SCHLHEAD, POLEFF20
Economic policy KNWECON
Foreign policy KNWFORGN
Reasoning ALIKE1, ALIKE2, ALIKE3, ALIKE4, ALIKE5, ALIKE6, ALIKE7, ALIKE8
Scientific
Knowledge of…
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
Airplanes - lift LFTPLANE

Animal body type in cold climate ANHEAT
Antibiotics effect on viruses and bacteria VIRUSES
Beginning of universe BIGBANG, BIGBANG1
Best method to report the weight of a leaf WEIGHING
Continental drift CONDRIFT
Creation of radioactivity RADIOACT
Determination of baby's sex BOYORGRL, MABOYGRL
Earth's orbit around sun EARTHSUN
Experimental design EXPDESGN, EXPTEXT, FISHEXP1, FISHEXP2
SEESAND
Genetics GENES
Global warming KNWGW, TEMPGEN1
How fish get oxygen GILLS
How lasers work LASERS
Human evolution EVOLVED, EVOLVED1
Lightning seen before thunder heard STORMTXT
Odds ODDS1, ODDS2
Polar regions
Inuit, habitat INUIT
North pole ice sheet ICESHEET
Polar bears, extinction, guns or global warming HUNTBEAR, TEMPGEN1
Polar ice caps, getting larger or smaller ICECAPS
Sunlight at south pole NOSUN
Properties of water H2OLIFE
Science and technology KNWSCI
Scientific study SCISTUDY, SCITEXT
Size of electrons ELECTRON
Temperature of center of Earth HOTCORE
The north and south poles KNWPOLAR
Time for earth to revolve around sun once SOLARREV
Learn about current science from SEEKSCI, SCIFROM
Legitimate areas for scientists' work SCIPRY
Morality and science SCIMORAL
Nanotechnology NANOTECH
R has heard about NANOKNW1
R's knowledge of NANOKNW2
Harmful or beneficial NANOWILL, NANOBEN
Scientific knowledge scale SCITEST1, SCITEST2, SCITEST3, SCITEST4, SCITEST5
When most errors at work occur DAYNIGHT
Why one gets short of breath at top of mountain UPBREATH
Vocabulary WORDSUM, WORDTRY, WORDA, WORDB, WORDC, WORDD, WORDE, WORDF,
WORDG, WORDH, WORDI, WORDJ,
See also SCIENCE, ENVIRONMENT, POLITICAL,
VOCABULARY TEST, REASONING ABILITY
LABOR FORCE STATUS

Children KDWORK1, KDWORK2, KDEVWORK
Cohabiting partner COWRKSTA, COEVWORK, COHRS1, COHRS2
In family business WKFAMBIZ
Mother's MAWORK, MAWKBABY, MAWKBORN, MAWK16
MAWRKGRW, MAWORK14
R's WRKSTAT, HRS1, HRS2, EVWORK,
WEEKSWRK, PARTFULL, NEVERWK, HRFAMBIZ
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
Spouse's SPWRKSTA, SPHRS1, SPHRS2, SPEVWORK

Unemployed UNEMP
See also EMPLOYMENT, HOURS WORKED,
OCCUPATION, LABOR UNIONS, WORK
LABOR UNIONS
Economic progress UNPROG
Membership UNION, MEMUNION, MEMUNION, UNION1
Power of UNPOWER
Salience of SALLABOR
Value to country UNIONSOK
Vote for UNVOTE
Workers need STRNGUN, TRDUNION
See also BUSINESS, CONFIDENCE,
UNION MEMBERSHIP,
VOLUNTARY ORGANIZATIONS
LANGUAGE
Attitudes toward...
Ballots printed in English only ENGBALLT, ENGVOTE
Bilingual education BILINGED, ENGTEACH, ENGLISH, NOBILING
Children should learn second language TWOLANG
English as official language in US ENGOFFCL, ENGOFF1
English is threatened ENGTHRTN
English unites Americans ENGUNITE
Learning second language is valuable FORLANG, FORLANG1
Hear language other than English in local community LANGCOM
Hear language other than English at work LANGWRK
Languages spoken at home SPKHOME1, SPKHOME2, OTHHOME
How well spoken SPKLANGW
Which spoken better? BETRLANG
Languages spoken other than English OTHLANG, OTHLANG1, OTHLANG2, OTHBEST
How frequently speak other language USELANG
Parents/grandparents spoke other language PARLANG, GRANLANG
at home
Where first learned other language GETLANG
Languages spoken well SPKLANG, SPKLANG1, SPKLANG2, SPKLANG3
Latinos, see HISPANICS, ETHNICITY
Law enforcement, See CAPITAL PUNISHMENT,

COURTS,CRIME, UNITED STATES, VIOLENCE
Lawyers, See PURCHASES/TRANSACTIONS
Leaders, See CONFIDENCE
LEISURE
Enjoyment...
from being with friends ENJYFRND
Leisure time activities enjoyed
Art making MAKEART
Art museum visit VISITART
Auto racing AUTORACE
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
Camping CAMPING
Classical music or opera GOMUSIC
Crafts DOCCRAFTS
Dance performance DANCE
Gardening GARDEN
Hunting or fishing HUNTFISH
Movies SEEMOVIE
Performed music or theater PERFORM
Played musical instrument PLYMUSIC
Played sports DOSPORTS, MEMSPORT
Sporting event ATTSPRTS
Used VCR USEVCR
Leisure time activities in past twelve months
Art museum visit VISART
Bought information BUYINFGN
Discussed political views POLDISGN
Information on art exhibit ARTGN
Invested money INVESTGN
Library - visited VISLIB
Live drama DRAMA
Look for a job NEWJOBGN
Looked for information on performing arts PERFRMGN
Looked for political information POLINFGN
Looked up views of political candidate POLCANGN
Made travel reservations TRAVELGN
Natural history museum visit VISNHIST
Participated in a political organization PARTPOL
Play an indoor game GAMEGN
Popular music concert POPMUSIC
Read fiction READFICT
Science museum visit VISSCI
Tried to meet new people PEOPLEGN
Viewed art at place of worship RELART
Visited zoo VISZOO
Volunteered for arts organization VOLARTS, MEMLIT
Work vs. leisure time TIMEPDWK, TIMEHHWK, TIMEFAM, TIMEFRND
TIMELEIS, TIMERELX, HRSRELAX
See also MUSIC, SATISFACTION, SOCIABILITY,
TELEVISION VIEWING, TIME,
VOLUNTARY ASSOCIATIONS, COMPUTERS AND
INTERNET
Liberal, See POLITICAL
Life after death, See RELIGION
LIFE ASPECTS, importance of IMPFAM, IMPWORK, IMPRELAX, IMPFREND

IMPKIN, IMPCHURH, IMPPOL
Life course, See ADULT TRANSITIONS
LIFE EVENTS
Activities, last 7 days GODOC, EATOUT, SEEFILM, ATTRELIG
General household problems, last 12 mo. PROB1, PROB2, PROB3, PROB4, EXTRA1, EXTRA2, SOLVEOWN, FAMPER6
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
See also TRAUMA
LIFE OUTLOOK LIFE
See also HAPPINESS, PEOPLE, SATISFACTION,

WORLD VIEW, WORK
Loans, See PURCHASES/TRANSACTIONS
Local government, See POLITICAL
MARIJUANA
Legalization GRASS, GRASSY
MARITAL STATUS
Age currently married AGEWEDCR
Age first married AGEWED
Alimony SPDUE
Current spouse previously married SPMARNUM
Divorce DIVORCE, DIVORCE5, EVDIV
Happiness HAPMAR
Previously married MARNUM
R's legal marital status MARUNION
R's relationship situation RELGENDR
Relatives DIVREL1, DIVREL4
Sex of R's spouse/domestic union partner SEXUNION
Status POSSLQY, MARITAL
Widowed WIDOWED
See also COHABITATION, HOUSEHOLD,
MARRIAGE, SEX, TRAUMA
Managed care plan, See HEALTH
Markets, see PURCHASES/TRANSACTIONS
MARRIAGE
Attitudes to MARHAPPY, MARFREE, MARFIN, MARKIDS
MARNOMAR, MARLEGIT, MARMAKID
MARPAKID, MARDIV, MARHOMO, WILLWED1
WILLWED2,
Decision-making WEEKEND, BUYTHNGS, WKNDACT
Importance of being married IMPMAR
Marriage cohort MARCOHRT
Type of relationship desired TRADMOD, SHARESEP, EMOTEOTH
vs. cohabitation (men) MEMARRY
vs. cohabitation (women) FEMARRY
See also COHABITATION, DIVORCE, GAYS AND
LESBIANS, HOUSEHOLD, PARENTS
MEDIA
Press freedom PUBDEF, PUBECON, FREEPRSS
Frequency R reads paper NEWSPRNT
See also CIVIL LIBERTIES, CONFIDENCE,
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
FREEDOM, NEWSPAPER READERSHIP,

RADIO LISTENING, TELEVISION VIEWING,
RELIGION
Medical ethics, See EUTHANASIA,

GENETIC TESTING, SUICIDE, TERMINAL ILLNESS
Medicare/Medicaid, See HEALTH
Medicine, See CONFIDENCE, HEALTH,

UNITED STATES, MENTAL HEALTH
Meditation, See RELIGION
Memberships, See VOLUNTARY ASSOCIATIONS
MEN
Household division of labor HUBBYWK1, MRMOM, MEOVRWRK, MEHHWORK,
MEKDCARE
See also WOMEN
MENTAL HEALTH
General, R's MNTLHLTH, HLTHDAYS
Government and mental health...
Government responsibility to provide mental health GOVMENTL
care
Government spending on mental health care SPMENTL
Handling of hypothetical problems by R PROBFIX1, PROBFIX2, PROBFIX3, PROBHLP1, PROBHLP2, PROBHLP3
Health Care
Denied mental health care services under MNTLDENY
benefits package
Difficulty in receiving mental health care MNTLDIF
treatment
Received mental health care treatment MNTLCARE, MHTRTSLF
Sought medical care for mental health USEDMNTL
Medications MEDSYMPS, MEDADDCT, MEDWEAK, MEDUNACC, PRYNTFAM
PUTSOFF
Personal experience
Closeness to person with mental health problem MHCLSOTH
Distress caussed by other's mental health problem MHOTHYOU, MTDISOTH
Known someone being treated for mental health KNWMHOSP, KNWPATNT, MNTLREL, MHTRTOTH, MHTRTOT2,
reason RELMHSP1, RELMHSP2, RELMHSP3, RELMHSP4, RELMHSP5, RELMHSP6,
Responsibility for person with mental health problem MHRESOTH
Result for relationship of mental health problem MHOTHREL, MHRELOTH, MHEXPOTH
Seriousness of person's mental health problem MHSEROTH
Treatment for person's mental health problem MHHLPOTH
Personal mental health problem or breakdown EVBRKDWN, EVMHP
Characteristics of mental health problem MNILWHY1, MNILWHY2, MNILWHY3, MNILDO1, MNILDO2, MNILDO3,
MNILTIME, MNILDUR, MNILHLP1, MNILHLP2, MNILHLP3
Characteristics of nervous breakdown BRKDWHY1, BRKDWHY2, BRKDWHY3, BRKDDO1, BRKDDO2, BRKDDO3,
BRKDTIME, BRKDDUR, BRKDHLP1, BRKDHLP2, BRKDHLP3
Seen a psychiatrist, psychologist, or counselor SEENMNTL
Public place
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
Frequency of seeing mentally ill person SEEMHPUB, MHSEEPUB

Frequency of seeing person talking to self GESTTALK
Frightened by or feels sympathy towards mentally ill MHFRIGHT, MHSYMP
R doesn't go to place because of mentally ill person AVOIDMH
Prozac
General opinions PROZ1, PROZ2, PROZ3, PROZ4, PROZ5, PROZ6, PROZ7, PROZ8, PROZ9
Heard of Prozac PROZAC
Known someone who used Prozac KNWNPROZ
Used Prozac USEDPROZ
What Prozac used for PROZFOR1, PROZFOR2, PROZFOR3, PROZFOR4, PROZFOR5,
PROZFOR6, PROZFOR7, PROZFOR8, PROZFOR9
When use Prozac PROZSLF1, PROZSLF2, PROZSLF3, PROZSLF4
When give Prozac to child PROZKID1, PROZKID2, PROZKID3
Psychiatric medicine
General questions PSYCMED1, PSYCMED2, PSYCMED3, PSYCMED4, PSYCMED5,
PSYCMED6, PSYCMED7
Getting psychiatric medicine PSYCDRCT, PSYCFDOC, PSYCPSYC
Using for self USEPSYC1, USEPSYC2, USEPSYC3, USEPSYC4
Using on child PSYCKID1, PSYCKID2, PSYCKID3
Understanding/comprehension
Definition/description of mental illness MNTLAS1, MNTLAS2, MNTLIMP1, MNTLIMP2, MNTLIMP3,
MNTLSYM1, MNTLSYM2, MNTLSYM3, MNTLOTH
Definition/description of nervous BRKDAS1, BRKDAS2, BRKDIMP1, BRKDIMP2, BRKDIMP3,
breakdown BRKDSYM1, BRKDSYM2, BRKDSYM3, BRKDOTH
Vignette based questions
Ability of subject to decide own treatment, DECTREAT, DECMONEY, MHDECSLF, MHMONEY
manage own money
Cause of problem
Bad character CHARACTR, MHCHRCTR
Bad luck MHLUCK
Genetic problem GENETICS, MHGENES
God's will FEKIDS5, MHGOD, GODSWILL
Imbalance in brain IMBALNCE, MHBRAIN
Mental illness MHILLNSS
Normal ups and downs MHUPDOWN
Physical illness MHPHYSCL
R's open response MHCAUSE
Stress STRESSES, MHSTRESS
Upbringing WAYRAISE, MHRAISED
Characteristics of subject
Hard to talk to MHHRDTLK
Hireable MHHIRED
Intelligent as normal person MHINTL
More creative than others MHCREATV
No hope of being accepted MHACCPTD
Not able to raise children MHNOKIDS
Not fit for office MHNOTPOL
Productive as average person MHPRDCTV
Trustworthy MHTRUSTY
Unfit to supervise others at work MHSUPWRK
Unfit to teach children MHNOTCH
Unpredictable MHUNSURE
Effects of treatment on public perception of subject MHOUTSDR, MHLOSEFR, MHLESSOP
Government repsonsibility to help subject
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
Provide disability benfits MHGVTDIS

Provide financial aid for education MHGVTEDC
Provide health care MHGVTHLT
Provide housing MHGVTHME
Provide job MHGVTJOB
Importance of following for helping subject
Family MHHLPFAM
Friends MHHLPFRD
Medical doctor MHHLPGP
Mental health professional MHHLPMHP
Order of these actions to be taken ORTLKFM, ORTLKCLR, ORMEDDOC, ORMNTLDC
ORMNTLOT, ORHEALER, ORSLFHLP, OROTCMED
ORRXMED, ORMNTLHS
Psychiatrist MHHLPPSY
Religious leader MHHLPREL
Interpretation of the vignette UPSDOWNS, BREAKDWN, MENTLILL, PHYSILL
subject's experience VIGLABEL
Laws needed for people with problems MUSTDOC, MUSTMED, MUSTHOSP, DANGRSLF
like the subject DANGROTH
MHSEEDOC, MHMEDS, MHHSPTRT, MHMNTHSP
Likelihood of causing harm to self or others HURTOTH, HURTSELF, MHVIOOTH, MHVIOSLF
Likelihood the situation will improve IMPRVOWN, IMPRVTRT, MHIMPOWN, MHIMPTRT
on its own or with treatment
Possible courses of action the subject
might take (as solutions)
Change lifestyle MHDOLIFE
Eat better MHDODIET
Get involved in a group MHDOGRP
Get involved in other activities MHDOACTV
Go to general medical doctor MEDDOC, MHDODOC
Go to mental health hospital MENTLHOS, MHDOHOSP
Go to other mental health professional MENTLOTH, MHDOMHP
Go to psychiatrist MENTLDOC, MHDOPSYC
Go to self-help group SELFHELP
Go to spiritual healer SPHEALER, MHDOHEAL
Move to another location MHDOMOVE
Nothing MHDONONE
Other mentions MHDOOTH
Pray MHDOPRAY
Start exercising MHDOEXRC
Take herbs MHDOHERB
Take non-prescription medication OTCMED, MHDOOTC
Take prescription medication RXMED, MHDORX
Talk to family and friends TLKFAM, MHDOFAM, MHDOFRND
Talk to religious leader TLKCLRGY, MHDOREL
Try to forget MHDOFRGT
Responsibility for subject's medical care MEDCARE1, MEDCARE2
R's feeling toward subject MHUNEASY, MHNERVS, MHFEELEM
Shame for receiving government aid MHSLFSHM, MHFAMSHM
Seriousness of problem SERIOUSP, MHPROBLM
Should be afraid to tell others about situation MHNOTELL
Subject's family better off if situation were MHSECRET
kept secret
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
Vignette version VIGVERSN, VIGVERMY, VIGLAB06

Willingness to make various
social associations with subject
Care for R's children MHKDCARE
Coworker VIGWORK, MHWKWITH
Friends VIGFRND, MHFRIEND
Group home VIGGRP
Marry R's relative VIGMAR, MHWEDREL
Neighbor VIGNEI, MHNEIHBR
Socializing VIGSOC, MHSOCIAL
See also HEALTH
Militarism, See CIVIL LIBERTIES
MILITARY
Draft DRAFT, DRAFTFE, DRAFTEM, DRAFTFEM
DRAFTCOL, DRAFTMAR, DRAFTPAR, DRAFTGAY
DRAFTCO, DRAFTDEF, COJAIL, COPUNISH
Family in military VETFAMNW
Job training UPGRADE, JOBTRAIN
National service FESERVE, MESERVE, TAXSERVE
Number of Blacks BLNUMOK, BLNUMOKY
Number of Hispanics HINUMOK, HINUMOKY
Number of women FENUMOK
Opportunity for men, women, minorities MILOKME, MILOKFE, FEMILOP, MINMILOP
Pay MILPAY
Quality of personnel MILQUAL
R's interest in military policy INTMIL
R's military record VETFAMNW, VETYEARS
Volunteer army MILVOLOK
Women in the military FIGHTAIR, MECHANIC, NURSE, TYPIST, BRASS
FIGHTLND, TRANSAIR, GUNNER, FIGHTSEA
FEFIGHT, FEDIRTY, FEBRASS, FEHLPMIL
Work for (civilian job in military or defense industry) MILWRKEV, MILWRKNW, RESDEFWK, DEFWRKEV
DEFWRKNW
See also LEADERS, UNITED STATES,
VETERAN AID, VETERAN STATUS,
Military service, See MILITARY, VETERAN STATUS
Minimum income, See INCOME
Minorities, see RACE, ASIAN-AMERICANS, BLACKS,

HISPANICS
Miracles, See RELIGION
Misanthropy, See ANOMIA, PEOPLE
Mobility, See OPPORTUNITY, RESIDENCE,

SOCIAL MOBILITY, WORK
Morality, See RELIGION

Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
MOVIES
Children's exposure to INFFILMS
Went to see a movie recently SEEMOVIE
X-rated XMOVIE, XMOVIE1, KIDXFILM
See also CHILDREN, LEISURE, PORNOGRAPHY,
SEX
Murder, See HOMICIDE
MUSIC
Attended a classical music concert or the opera GOMUSIC
recently
Attended a musical performance recently PRFMMUS
Kinds of music R enjoys BIGBAND, BLUGRASS, COUNTRY, BLUES,
MUSICALS, CLASSICL, FOLK, GOSPEL, JAZZ,
LATIN, MOODEASY, NEWAGE, OPERA, RAP,
REGGAE, CONROCK, OLDIES, HVYMETAL
Played a musical instrument recently PLYMUSIC
See also, COMPUTERS AND INTERNET
NAFTA, See UNITED STATES
National defense, see FOREIGN AFFAIRS,

FEDERAL GOVERNMENT, SPENDING
National identity and/or problems,

See UNITED STATES
National Security, see UNITED STATES
National service, See MILITARY
Nationality, See ETHNICITY
NATIVITY
Grandparents GRANBORN
Parents PARBORN
Respondent BORN, NATBORN
See also ETHNICITY
Naturalization, See IMMIGRATION
Neighborhood,
See RACE, RESIDENCE, SOCIABILITY
Nervous breakdown, See MENTAL HEALTH
Networks, See SOCIAL NETWORKS
NEWSPAPER READERSHIP NEWS

See also CONFIDENCE, MEDIA
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
NORC Size Code, See RESIDENCE
Nuclear power, See ENVIRONMENT
Nuclear war, See UNITED STATES, FOREIGN

AFFAIRS
OBEY LAW
See also AUTHORITY OBEYLAW
Obligation, See CITIZEN OBLIGATIONS
OCCUPATION
Automation replaced jobs with computers AUTOMATN, AUTONOJB
Child of R's KDOCC80, KDIND80, KDWRKSLF, KDPRES80
Cohabiting partner COOCC10, COIND10, COWRKSLF, COPRES10, COSEI10
Comparison with father's OCCMOBIL
Current employer, years R has worked for CUREMPYR
Determinants of pay RYRSFIRM, RDOWELL, RPAYSAME, REXPERNC,
RAGEEMP, RFAMRESP, REDUCEMP, RDK
Family at work WKFAMBIZ
First job OCCFIRST, PRESFRST, WRKSLFST, INDFIRST
DATEFRST
Father's PAJOB, PASLF, PAISC681, PASEI, PAOCC16,
PAPRES16, PAWRKSLF, PAIND16, PAOCC80, PAOCC10
PAPRES80, PAIND80, PAIND10, PAISCO68, PAISCO88,
PASUP
Finding job with same benefits FINDNWJB
Frequency of payment HOWPAID
Wage (hourly, weekly, etc.) HOURLY, DAILY, WEEKLY, MONTHLY, YEARLY
Importance SOCID1, SOCID2, SOCID3
Income of occupations, R's estimate and opinion of
ideal amount
Bank clerk PAYCLERK, GIVCLERK
Bus driver PAYBUS, GIVBUS
Cabinet member PAYCABNT, GIVCABNT
Corportate head PAYEXEC, GIVEXEC
Doctor PAYDOC, GIVDOC
Farm worker PAYFARM, GIVFARM
Lawyer PAYLAW, GIVLAW
Mason PAYMASON, GIVMASON
Owner of large factory PAYFCTRY, GIVFCTRY
Sales clerk PAYSALES, GIVSALES
Secretary PAYSEC, GIVSEC
Self-employed, entrepreneur OWNBIZ
Shop owner PAYOWNER, GIVOWNER
Skilled worker PAYSKILL, GIVSKILL
Supreme court justice PAYJUDGE, GIVJUDGE
Unskilled worker PAYUNSKL, GIVUNSKL
Worker in R's occupation PAYROCC, GIVROCC
Mother's MAOCC80, MAOCC10, MAPRES80, MAWRKSLF, MAIND80, MAIND10
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
MAISC681, MASEI, MAISCO88

Qualifications for pay raises YRSFIRM, DOWELL, EXPERNC, PAYSAME,
AGEEMP, SEXEMP, FAMRESP, EDUCEMP
R's OCC, PRESTIGE, WRKSLF, WRKGOVT, COMMUTE
INDUSTRY, OCC80, OCC10, INDUS80, INDUS10, PRESTG80,
FAMBIZ, FIRSTJOB, FIRSTSLF, LASTJOB,
LASTSLF, ISCO68, ISCO681
SEI, ISCO88
Sibling SBOCC80, SBPRES80, SBWRKSLF, SBIND80
Spouse SPOCC, SPIND, SPWRKSLF, SPPRES, SPOCC80, SPOCC10,
SPPRES80, SPIND80, SPIND10
SPISCO68, SPISC681, SPSEI, SPISCO88
Current spouse's parent SPHEDOCC, SPHEDPRE, SPHEDSLF, SPHEDIND
See also D.O.T. CODES, EMPLOYMENT,
INDUSTRY, JOB, LABOR FORCE STATUS,
OCCUPATIONAL PRESTIGE, SOCIAL CLASS,
LABOR UNIONS, WORK
OCCUPATIONAL PRESTIGE
Child of R's KDPRES80
Father's PAPRES16, PAPRES80
Mother's MAPRES80
R's PRESTIGE, PRESTG80
First job PRESFRST
Sibling SBPRES80
Spouse's SPPRES, SPPRES80
Current spouse's parent SPHEDPRE
See also OCCUPATION
Old people, See AGED
Online, see COMPUTERS AND INTERNET
Open housing, See RACE
OPPORTUNITY
Black RACOPNOW, RACOPWIL, WRKWAYUP
Educational EDUCOP, COLOP, GOVEDOP
Family background factors OPRICH, OPPROF, OPFAMILY, OCCMOBIL
Women's FECOLOP, FEJOBOP, FEINC, FEHLPBUS,
FEHLPCOL, FEHLPJOB
See also EQUALITY, SOCIAL MOBILITY, WORK
Overpopulation, See ENVIRONMENT
Oversample, See SAMPLE
Organizations, See VOLUNTARY ASSOCIATIONS

Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
PARAPSYCHOLOGICAL EXPERIENCES DEJAVU, ESP, VISIONS, SPIRITS, GRACE
PARENTS
R's standard of living vs. parents' PARSOL
Evaluations of
Job of parent more difficult today PARHARDR
Parents don't know where children are PARWHERE
Parents today don't spend enough time with children PARTIME
Parents today feel uncertain about how to raise PARRGHT
children
Parents today have hard time making ends meet PARFIN
Parents today not doing a good job PARWORSE
Role of government in family life today too large PARGOVT
Taxes discourage couples from having more PARTAXES
children
When both parents work children more likely to PARWORK
get in trouble
Father
Still living PALIVE1, PALIVE
Year born PAYRBORN
Year died PAYRDIED
Mother
Still living MALIVE1, MALIVE
Year born MAYRBORN
Year died MAYRDIED
Parents present when R was 16 FAMILY16, FAMDIF16
Roles of ROLEMA, ROLEPA, DECKIDS
Single parents MARMAKID, MARPAKID, SINGLPAR
Who decides about having children MEBEAR, FEBEAR
See also CHILDREN, EDUCATION,
FAMILY CONTACT, OCCUPATION, RELIGION,
SOCIABILITY, SOCIAL NETWORKS, TRAUMA
Participation, See VOLUNTARY ASSOCIATIONS
Party identification, See POLITICAL
Patriotism, See UNITED STATES
Pay, See JOB, INCOME
PEOPLE
Fair FAIR, BEFAIR, FAIR5
Helpful HELPFUL
Trust TRUST, TRUSTY, TRUSTING, CANTRUST
TRUSTPEO, WANTBEST, ADVANTGE, TRUST5
Weak or strong TWOCLASS
See also ANOMIA, CONFIDENCE
Personal finance, See INCOME, SATISFACTION,

Place, See REGION, GEOGRAPHICAL MOBILITY

Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
POLICE
R ever arrested? ARREST, TICKET, LOCKEDUP, LAW5
Striking citizen POLHITOK, POLHITOY, POLABUSE, POLMURDR,
POLESCAP, POLATTAK
See also CIVIL LIBERTIES, CRIME,
LAW ENFORCEMENT, PRIVACY, VIOLENCE
POLITICAL
Activity . . .
Attend rallies/meetings POLRALLY, JOINDEM, ATTRALLY
Boycott of product for political reasons AVOIDBUY
Contacted or appeared in media USEMEDIA
Contributing money GAVEPOL, GIVEOTH, POLFUNDS

Discuss politics DISCPOL
Electoral campaigning SWAYVOTE
Joined internet political forum INTERPOL
Persuade others CHNGEOTH
Signed petitions SIGNDPET
Vote in local elections LOCVOTE
Work for candidates WORKPOL
Corruption in government CORRUPTN, CORRUPT1, CORRUPT2, BRIBE
Ballots printed in English only ENGBALLT
Contact with political official OTHLOBBY, OTHSELF, CNTCTGOV
Democracy's effectiveness DEMWORKS
Efficacy ANOMIA7, LOCALGVT, POLEFF1, POLEFF2, POLEFF3, POLEFF4,
POLEFF5, POLEFF6, POLEFF7, POLEFF8, POLEFF9, POLEFF10
separatism
Fairness of election ELECFAIR
Government interest in R's opinion POLEFF18
Government representation reflect OWNETH, CONGETH
ethnic composition of constituency
Honesty of election ELECVOTE
Impact/Effect of elections for raising
awareness of government to people's needs POLEFF14
Impact/Effect of the individual on government POLEFF11, POLEFY3, POLEFY11
Impact/Effect of a single politician on government POLEFF12
Information search POLINFO
Where looked for information POLPAPR, POLMAG1, POLMAG2, POLTV,
POLFREL, POLCAMP, POLWWW
CANINF1, CANINF1, CANINF2, CANINF3, CANINF4, CANINF5, CANINF6, CANINF7,
CANINF8, CANINF9, CANINF10, CANINF11, CANINF12, CANINF13, CANINF14
Interest in CIVIC, INTPOL, POLINT, POLINT1
Knowledge of GOVERNOR, USREP, SCHLHEAD, POLEFF20
Local government LOCLIVED, LOCTRUST, LOCINFLU, LOCPROB,
LOCGRP, LOCCARE, LOCLOBBY, LOCSELF,
SCHLHEAD, LOCVOTE
International organizations' power GOVNGOS

Members of Congress try to keep election POLEFF16, POLEFY16
promises
Mistakes of government fixed FIXMISTK
Political ideology POLVIEWS, POLVIEWY, POLVIEWX
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
Political organization participation in last year PARTPOL

Political parties do not give real choices CHOICES
Political parties encourage people to become active POLACTVE
Politicians' commitment to serve SERVEPEO, POLGREED
Power of labor, business, government LABORPOW, BUSPOW, GOVTPOW
Preference (party identification) PARTYID, PRTYPREF, PRTYSTRG, PRTYIND
President PRESPOP
Public officials POLSFAIR, KNOWPOLS
R accepts candidate of different religion from R RELCAND
Referendums importance REFRNDMS
Temperature towards conservatives, liberals LIBTEMP, CONTEMP
Trust of government administrators to do what is best POLEFF17, GOVDOOK
for country
U.N. power POWERUN
U.N. intervention for human rights UNRGHTS
Understanding of political issues/government POLEFF13, POLEFF15, POLEFF19, POLEFY13, POLEFY15
Unjust law, R's likelihood to fight ACTLAW
Effectiveness of activism AFFCTLAW
Vote, 1968 VOTE68, PRES68, IF68WHO
See also CITIZEN OBLIGATIONS,
DEMONSTRATIONS, SOCIAL CLASS, RACE,
ABORTION, WOMEN,
Polls, See SURVEYS
Pollution, See ENVIRONMENT
Poor, See POVERTY, INCOME
Postmaterialism, See UNITED STATES
Pornography, See MOVIES, SEX
POVERTY
Importance of financial security IMPFINAN
Measures against POVZONE, POVSCHS, POVCOL, BLKZONE
BLKSCHS, BLKCOL, GOVJOBS, GOVLESS
GOVUNEMP
Reasons for WHYPOOR1, WHYPOOR2, WHYPOOR3, WHYPOOR4
Lower SES of Blacks RACDIF1, RACDIF2, RACDIF3, RACDIF4
Status of household POVLINE, INCDEF
PRAYER IN SCHOOL PRAYER, PRAYERY

Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
Pray, See RELIGION, PRAYER IN SCHOOL
Prejudice, See RACE, CIVIL LIBERTIES
Pre-marital sex, See SEX
President, U.S., See POLITICAL, RACE, WOMEN'S

ROLES
Press, See CONFIDENCE, MEDIA, NEWSPAPER

READERSHIP
Prestige, See OCCUPATIONAL PRESTIGE
PRIVACY
Government computer surveillance DATABANK
Police opening mail CRIMREAD, MANREAD
Police surveillance CRIMTAIL, MANTAIL
Police wiretapping CRIMTAP, MANTAP
Preventive detention of suspects CRIMHOLD, MANHOLD
Threats to personal privacy PRIVACY
See also ABORTION, WIRETAPPING
Problems, See UNITED STATES
Prostitution, See SEX
PROTEST
Attitudes to . . .
Anti-government pamphlets PROTEST2
Damaging government buildings PROTEST5
General strike PROTEST6
Marches PROTEST3
Occupying government buildings PROTEST4
Public meetings PROTEST1
Participation in . . .
Protest march or demonstration RPRTST3, RPRTST35
Public meeting organized to protest against the RPRTST1, RPRTST15
government
See also DEMONSTRATIONS
Prozac, see MENTAL HEALTH
Public Aid, See ECONOMY, WELFARE
Public spending, See ECONOMY

FEDERAL GOVERNMENT
Attitudes
Awkward when dealing with friends FRNDAWK
Better price dealing with friends FRNDDEAL
Procedures to sell organs ORGANSB, ORGANSW, SELLORGN
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
Unfair not to lower product prices TABLPRCE

Car purchase CARPRIVT
decision making in DECAUTO
Reasons bought from car dealer CARBUY1, CARBUYA, CARBUYB, CARBUYC, CARBUYD,
CARBUYE, CARBUYF, CARBUYG
Satisfaction with purchase SATCAR
Type of car purchased NEWUSED
Warranty given WARRNTYC
Where bought car RELPRIVT, CARDEALR, TYPDEALR, RELDEALR
Children ADOPTION, SELLBABY
Decision making in spending DECAUTO, DECBED, DECGIFT, FAMFINAN
Garage sale TAGSALES
Haggle for prices HAGGLE
Home maintenances services FIXHOME
How chose services FIXER1, FIXERA, FIXERB, FIXERC, FIXERD, FIXERE, FIXERF
Relationship to home maintenance worker RELFIXER
Satisfaction with home maintenance work SATFIXES
Home purchase EVBUYHME
Home new or not NEWOWNED
How found home LEARNHME, WHOSOLD
Relationship to previous owner RELHOME
Relationship to realtor RELAGENT
Satisfaction with purchase SATHOME
Warranty given WARRNTYH
When bought HOMEYEAR
Why chose a realtor REALTOR1, REALTORA, REALTORB, REALTORC, REALTORD,
REALTORE, REALTORF
Lawyer Hired LAWYER
How chose lawyer LAWYER1, LAWYERA, LAWYERB, LAWYERC, LAWYERD, LAWYERE, LAWYERF
Relationship to lawyer RELLAW
Satisfaction with lawyer SATLAWYR
Legalize prostitution SELLSEX
Made direct charitable donations HOMELESS, NEEDYNEI, NEEDYREL, NEEDYFRD, NEEDYOTH
Partner financial system FAMFINAN
Personal loan BORROWED, LOANED
Relationship to person R. loaned money LOANEDTO
Relationship to person who loaned money WHOLOAND
Potential sales to/purchases from acquaintances or SELLBED, SELLAUTO, SELLHOME, BUYBED, BUYAUTO,
strangers BUYLAW, BUYFIXES, BUYHOME
Sell possibly defective car to stranger/relative TRANSOTH, TRANSREL
Quality of life, See ANOMIA, EUTHANASIA,

HAPPINESS, HEALTH, LIFE OUTLOOK,
SATISFACTION, TIME
RACE
Actual (i.e. R's race) RACE, COLOR, RACESEE, RACEDBTF, RACESELF, RATETONE
HISPANIC, RACECEN1, RACECEN2, RACECEN3, DIFRACE1, DIFRACE2, DIFRACE3
Attend integrated church? RACCHURH
Attitudes. . .
Allow people prejudiced against certain groups RACMEET
to meet
Allow speech offensive to racial or religious groups ETHSPKOK, ETHSPKNO
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
Avoid driving through Black neighborhoods RACAVOID

Black influence BLKINFLU
Black supervisors to white workers RACSUPS
Boycott RACNOBUY
Busing BUSING, BUSING10
Change is good for the country ETHCHNG
Church RACCHURH
Civil rights groups BLKGAINS
Closeness to Blacks, Whites CLOSEBLK, CLOSEWHT
Commonness with race/ethnic groups MOSTCOM, LEASTCOM
Conditions for Blacks improving BLKSIMP
Equal job RACOCC
Equal pay RACINC
Equality of opportunity RACOPNOW, WRKWAYUP, OPRACE, RACJOB
Ethnic/racial diversity in workplace RACWORK
separatism
Exclusion of Blacks RACPUSH, RACSEG
Express admiration/sympathy for blacks SYMPTBLK, ADMIRBLK
Firmness of opinion about race RACFIRM
Friends NUMBWFRD, BWFRIEND, FRNDRAC1, FRNDRAC2, FRNDRAC3,
FRNDRAC4, FRNDRAC5
Government pays proper attention to various WHTGOVT, BLKGOVT, HSPGOVT, ASNGOVT
ethnic/racial groups
Government representation reflect ethnic OWNETH, CONGETH
composition of constituency
Government to help maintain or integrate ethnic GVTAPART, GVTMELT
Had dinner with RACHOME, RACDIN
High school HSWHT, HSETH
Importance of race issue RACIMP
Information about race RACINFO
Integrated high school RACHISCH
Integration of racial groups into American MELTPOT, RACINTEG
society
Interracial marriage RACMAR, RACMAR10, RACMAREL, RACMARPR,
FORBDMAR, ALLOWMAR
Job promotions RACPROMO
Minority preference HLPMINR, HLPMINFG, HELPBLK
Neighborhood preference RACNEIGH, NEIETH1, NEIETH2, NEIETH3, NEIETH4, NEIETH5, NEIETH6, NEIETH7,
NEIETH8, NEIETH9, NEIETH10, NEIETH11, NEIETH12, NEIETH13, NEIETH14
Open housing RACSEG, RACOPEN, RACSUBS, RACSUBGV
Political party favored RACPARTY, PRTYPREF, PRTYSTRG, PRTYIND
Preferred name RACNAME
President RACPRES
Race of friends RACMIX, RACE1, RACE2, RACE3, RACE4, RACE5
Schools RACHOME, RACSCHOL, RACFEW, RACHAF, RACMOST, ETHHIST, RACTEACH
Social clubs RACCHNG, RACQUIT
Trust own race TRTMYRAC
Trust whites RACTRUST
Why Blacks have lower SES RACDIF1, RACDIF2, RACDIF3, RACDIF4
Have Black guest at dinner? RACHOME
Racial makeup of neighborhood RACLIVE, RACCLOS, RACDIS, RACOBJCT, NEIETH1, NEIETH2, NEIETH3,
NEIETH4, NEIETH5, NEIETH6, NEIETH7, NEIETH8, NEIETH9, NEIETH10,
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
NEIETH11, NEIETH12, NEIETH13, NEIETH14

See also ASIAN-AMERICANS, BLACKS,
CIVIL LIBERTIES, DEMONSTRATIONS, ETHNICITY,
HISPANICS, JEWS, SAMPLE,
SOUTHERN WHITES, UNITED STATES, WHITES,
GENETIC TESTING
Racist, See CIVIL LIBERTIES, RACE
RADIO LISTENING RADIOHRS
RAPE
Abortion and ABRAPE
Pornography and PORNRAPE
REASONING ABILITIES ALIKE1, ALIKE2, ALIKE3, ALIKE4, ALIKE5, ALIKE6, ALIKE7, ALIKE8
See also VOCABULARY TEST
Recycle, See ENVIRONMENT
REGION
Lived in at age 16 REG16
Time of interview REGION
See also GEOGRAPHIC MOBILITY
RELATIVES
Deaths of DEATH5, DEATH16
Divorced DIVREL1, DIVREL4
Hospitalization of HOSREL1, HOSREL4
Made direct charitable donation to NEEDYREL
needy relative
Unemployed UNREL1, UNREL4
See also FAMILY, PARENTS, SIBLINGS,
SOCIAL NETWORKS, SOCIABILITY, TRAUMA
RELIGION
All religions should be respected RSPCTREL
All religious groups should have equal rights RELGRPEQ
Allow art exhibit offensive to religion IRRELART
Allow Muslim extremists to speak publicly SPKMSLM, COLMSLM
Allow religious extremists to hold public meeting RELEXT1
Allow religious extremists to publish books RELEXT2
Allow religious extremists to meet RELMEET
Art IRRELOFF
Bar/Bat Mitzvah when R was a child BMITZVAH
Being a good Christian/Jew GOCHURCH, BELIEVE, FOLLOW, GOOWNWAY
Belief
in God GOD, GODCHNGE
in the Devil DEVIL
in Heaven HEAVEN
in Hell HELL
in life after death AFTERLIF, LIKEDIFF, MINDBODY, RESTACT, PALEFULL
POSTLIFE, POSTLF1, POSTLF2, POSTLF3, POSTLF4, POSTLF5, POSTLF6,
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
POSTLF7, POSTLF8, POSTLF9, POSTLF10

in Nirvana NIRVANA
in reincarnation REINCAR
in religious miracles MIRACLES
in supernatural power of deceased ancestors ANCESTRS
Bible, nature of BIBLE, BIBLEY, BIBLE1
Catholic attitudes… POPESPKS, POPESPKY
Happy in other non-Catholic church OTHCHRCH
How a person lives more important than IMPLIVES
being Catholic
Obey teachings without understanding OBEYTCH
Spiritual change WHYCHNG1, WHYCHNG2, WHYCHNG3
CHANGED1, CHANGED2, CHANGED3
RELALT1, RELALT2, RELALT3, RELALT4, RELALT5,
RELALT6, ENTITY, EXPCHNG1, EXPCHNG2, EXPCHNG3
Charismatic CHARISMA
Clergy
Preaching PREACH
Sex abuse by OPENREL1, OPENREL2, OPENREL3, COUNSEL1, COUNSEL2, COUNSEL3,
CLRGMAR1, CLRGMAR2, CLRGMAR3, CLRGSEX1, CLRGSEX2, CLRGSEX3,
CLRGGEN1, CLRGGEN2, CLRGGEN3, ONGOREL1, ONGOREL2, ONGOREL3,
HUSHREL1, HUSHREL2, HUSHREL3, TOLDEXP1, TOLDEXP2, TOLDEXP3,
TOLDREL1, TOLDREL2, TOLDREL3,
CLSCLSEX, KNWCLSEX, OWNCLERG, HARSEXCL, NUMCLERG,
Sympathetic counseling SYMPCOUN
Comfort in time of trouble (religion helps people) COMFORT
Congregations
Criticism from congregation CONGHRM2
If ill, help from congregation CONGHLP1
If problem, comfort from congregation CONGHLP2
Size of congregation NUMCONG
Too many demands CONGHRM1
Donate money to
Congregation GIVECONG
Religious organizations GIVEREL
Doubts DOUBTS1, DOUBTS2, DOUBTS3, DOUBTS4
Effect on world
People with very strong religious beliefs are RELIGINT
too intolerant
Religion brings more conflict than peace RELIGCON
U.S. would be better if religion had less
influence RELIGINF
Everyday life and religion ALLOFLFE, JOYLIFTS, RELSPRT1, RELSPRT2
GODHELP, GODGUIDE, GODLVDIR
GODLVOTH, BLESSNGS, CLOSRGOD
GODCLOSE
Closer to God through art and music ARTGOD
Considers self a religious person RELPERSN
Considers self a spiritual person SPRTPRSN
Coping with major problems
Feeling of abandonment COPE5
Life as part of larger force COPE1
Not rely on God COPE6
Punishment from God COPE4
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
Religious beliefs in other dealings RELLIFE

Strength from God COPE3
Work with God COPE2
Decisions DECBIBLE, DECOTHS, DECCHURH, DECSELF
Existential beliefs GODMEANS, NIHILISM
Faith MYFAITH, MADATGOD, FAITH1, FAITH2, FAITH3, FAITH4
Forgiveness
By and for self FORGIVE1
For others FORGIVE2
From God FORGIVE3
Free will vs. determinism FATALISM, PREDETER, EGOMEANS, OWNFATE
Morality PUNSIN, BLKWHITE, ROTAPPLE, PERMORAL
GODRIGHT, SOCRIGHT, PERRIGHT, LESSPAIN
Expression
Pro-athletes giving thanks to God during GODSPORT
sports events
Use of religious "images" in public advertising GODSELLS
God's effect on the individual MHGOD
Helps people find peace and happiness PAXHAPPY
Helps people meet the right kind of people RIGHTPEO
Helps people make friends MAKEFRND
Images of God JUDGE, REDEEMER, LOVER, MASTER, MOTHER
CREATOR, FATHER, SPOUSE, FRIEND, KING
LIBERATR, HEALER, MAPA, MASTERSP
JUDGELUV, FRNDKING, CRTRHEAL, RDEEMLIB
THEISM, GODWATCH, WORLD3
Importance of faith IMPGOD
Local church evaluation PREACH, FERESPCT, SYMPCOUN, WRKYOUNG
WORSHIP
Moral Dilemma (car)
(Friend asks R to lie to police)
What friend has the right to expect from R CARRIGHT
What R would do CARDO
Muslims, anti-American clergymen SPKMSLM, COLMSLM, LIBMSLM
Organized religion
Church schools CHURHSCH
Confidence in CONCLERG, CONCLERY, CONCHURH, RELGRADE
Politics and POLSGOD, CLERGVTE, RELIGPUB, CLERGGOV
RELCAND
Power of CHURHPOW
Prayer in public schools PRAYER, PRAYERY, PRAYERX, SCHLPRAY
Practice of religion CHURCHTX
Frequency of meditation
MEDITATE
Frequency of prayer PRAY, PRAYFREQ, PRIVPRAY
Grace at meals GRACE16, SAYGRACE
Hours spent in religious activity at home RELHRS1
Member of church, temple or minyan CHURHMEM, JOIN16, SYNMEM, TYPCHURH
CHURCHTX
Participation in church activities ACTCHURH, RELACTIV, RELACTIV1, CHURHGRP, RELHRS2, MEMCHURH,
CHURHACT
R has own way of connecting to God MYWAYGOD
R made personal sacrifice to express faith PERSCRFC
R visits holy place for religious reasons VISTHOLY
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
Read Bible READWORD

Religion through the media MEDIAREL
Religious service attendance ATTEND, LAPSED, ATTRELIG, NUMDAYS, SUNDAY,
MONDAY, TUESDAY, WEDNESDY, THURSDAY,
FRIDAY, SATURDAY, ATTREG, OTHREL,
OTHREL1, OTHREL2, OTHREL3, ATTWEEK
Shrine in home RELOBJCT
Sunday school SUNSCH16
Tithing TITHING, GIVECONG
Proselytizing SAVESOUL
Religious experience RELEXPER, NUMRELEX, AGERELEX, CHNGREL
BMITZVAH
Born again REBORN, NUMRBORN, AGERBORN, CHNGRBRN
Close to God NEARGOD, MADATGOD
Intensity of FEELREL
Life changing RELEXP
Religious preference. . .
Respondent (current) RELIG, DENOM, OTHER, JEW, OTHJEW, FUND, RELIGID,
CATHID
Age 16 RELIG16, DENOM16, OTH16, JEW16, FUND16,
OTHJEW16
Religious service attendance as child ATTEND12
Religion raised in RELIGKID, DENKID, CATHID
Religious identity RELID1, RELID2, RELID3, RELIDBST
Strength of RELITEN
Switching SWITCHED, SWITCH1, SWITCH2, SWITCH3, SWITNUM, SWITAGE1, SWITAGE2,
SWITWHY1, SWITWHY2
Friends FRNDCON1, FRNDCON2, FRNDCON3, FRNDCON4, FRNDCON5,
FRNDREL1, FRNDREL2, FRNDREL3, FRNDREL4, FRNDREL5,
FRNDDEN1, FRNDDEN2, FRNDDEN3, FRNDDEN4, FRNDDEN5,
FRNDFND1, FRNDFND2, FRNDFND3, FRNDFND4, FRNDFND5,
FRNDOTH1, FRNDOTH2, FRNDOTH3, FRNDOTH4, FRNDOTH5
Opinion on Evolution SCITESTY
Peace and harmony HARMONY
Touched by creation BEAUSPRT, CREATION
Union with God UNIONGOD
Parents
Father, attendance when R was child PAATTEND, ATTENDPA
Father, current PARELIG, PADEN, PAOTH, PAJEW, PAFUND
Father, preference when R was child PARELKID, PADENKID
Mother, attendance when R was child MAATTEND, ATTENDMA
Mother, current MARELIG, MADEN, MAOTH, MAJEW, MAFUND
Mother, preference when R was child MARELKID, MADENKID, MAJWOTH
Spouse SPJEW, COJEW
Age 16 SPREL16, SPDEN16, SPOTH16, SPJEW16, SPOTHJEW
SPFUND16
Religious service attendance SPATTEND
Time of interview SPREL, SPDEN, SPOTHER, SPJEW, SPFUND, CODENOM, COREL, COOTHER
DENSP, RELIGSP, COFUND
TV religion TVRELIG
Women ministers FEPRIEST, FECLERGY
Religious leaders
R accepts relative marrying outside R's religion RELMARRY
R's children KD1RELIG, KD2RELIG, KD3RELIG, KD4RELIG,
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
KD5RELIG, KD6RELIG, KD7RELIG, KD8RELIG, KD9RELIG,

KD10RELIG, KD11RELIG, KD12RELIG, KD13RELIG,
KD14RELIG, KD1JWOTH, KD2JWOTH, KD3JWOTH,
R's spouse - raised Jewish? SPJOTH16
Temperature towards Protestants, PROTTEMP, CATHTEMP, JEWTEMP,
Catholics, Jews, Muslims MSLMTEMP, IDOLS, ROSARIES, NOTTHINK
Translation
Shopping around for church or synagogue SHOPREL
Because R had moved SHOPMOVE
Number visited SHOPNUM
Spiritual experiences in daily life
Comfort and strength RELCMFRT
Feel God's love GODLOVE
Feel God's presence FEELGOD
Spirituality RELSPRT
Truth in religion RELTRUTH
Turning point when less committed to religion RELNEG
See also ATHEISM, CIVIL LIBERTIES,
CONFIDENCE, JEWS, PARAPSYCHOLOGICAL
EXPERIENCES, WORLD VIEW
Republicans, See POLITICAL
RESIDENCE
American Indians in R's community, percentage COMAMIND
Asian and Hispanic composition of LIVEASNS, LIVEHSPS, HSPASN10
R's neighborhood
At age 16 RES16, RES161
Attitudes towards CLSENEI, CLSETOWN, CLSESTAT, CLSEUSA,
CLSENOAM, MOVENEI, MOVETOWN, MOVESTAT,
MOVEUSA, MOVENOAM
Fear neighborhood, home FEAR, FEARHOME
Household or institution CSHUTYP06, CSHUTYP08, CSHUTYP10
Housing discrimination due to sexual orientation EVDWELL, DWELL5
Length of LOCLIVED, LIVECOM, LIVEHOME, LIVECOM1,
COMYEAR
Lived abroad ABROAD
Location in United States, March-May 2006 RES2006
Mobility GEOMOBIL
Region REGION
Size SIZE, COMTYPE
Time of interview (NORC size code) XNORCSIZ
Time of interview (SRC belt code) SRCBELT
See also DWELLING, SATISFACTION,
SIZE OF PLACE OF INTERVIEW
Recreation, See LEISURE
Retirement, See WORK, JOB
ROBBERY ROBBRY
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
See also BURGLARY, CRIME
Roe vs. Wade, See ABORTION
ROMANTIC RELATIONSHIPS
Clergy and R OPENREL1, OPENREL2, OPENREL3, ONGOREL1, ONGOREL2, ONGOREL3
Cohabitation LIVEWITH
Desire to marry the right person WILLWED2
Happiness with relationship HAPROM, HAPCOHAB
Likelihood will marry partner WILLWED1
Present involvement ROMANCE, RELGENDR
See also COHABITATION, MARITAL STATUS
Russia, See COUNTRIES
SALIENCE OF ISSUES SALFERGT, SALLABOR, SALSATFN, SALABORT,

SALSCI, TOPPROB1, TOPPROB2
SAMPLE
Sample BALLOT, VERSION, ISSP, FORMWT, SAMPCODE,
SAMPLE, OVERSAMP
WTSSALL, WTSS, WTSSNR, vpsu, vstrata
Phase design PHASE
See also INTERVIEW
SATISFACTION
Car purchase SATCAR
City of residence SATCITY
Family SATFAM, SATFAM7
Finances SATFIN
Friends SATFRND
Health SATHEALT
Home maintenance SATFIXES
Home purchase SATHOME
Job JOBSAT, SATJOB, SATJOB7, WKTOPSAT
Leisure SATHOBBY
Self SATSELF, AFAILURE, SLFRSPCT, OFWORTH
NOGOOD, OPTIMIST, PESSIMST, NOTCOUNT
MOREGOOD, OWNDOING, DEPNDABL
SADBLUE, ATHLETIC, KINDPERS, SELFISH
See also HAPPINESS, INCOME, WORK
Schooling, See EDUCATION
SCIENCE
Animal testing that harms animals, helps humans ANSCITST
As solution to... SCIENTHE
Environmental problems SCIGRN
Social problems SCISOLVE
Antarctica, R's opinion on scientific or COMORSCI
commercial use
Astrology is scientific ASTROSCI
Belief in science SCIFAITH
Career SCIENTR
Children going into SCIENTDA, SCIENTSN
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
Day-to-day knowledge SCIENTDO

Education, quality of U.S. (science and math) SCIMATH
Evaluation of science's value HARMGOOD
Genetically modified food
if from…
Elected officials POLBSTGM
Medical researchers MEDBSTGM
Business leaders BIZBSTGM
Influence on restricting sale should be from…
Elected officials POLINFGM
Medical researchers MEDINFGM
Business leaders BIZINFGM
Medical researchers' agreement on risks MEDAGRGM
and benefits of
Own view of genetically modified food EATGM
Understood by…
Elected officials GMPOL
Medical researchers GMMED
Business leaders GMBIZ
Global warming
if from…
Business leaders BIZBSTGW
Elected officials POLBSTGW
Scientists SCIBSTGW
Effects
Most concern to R CAREMOST
R bothered if…
Arctic seals threatened ARTSEALS
Native people no longer able to follow way of life INUITWAY
Northern ice cap completely melt NOICECAP
Polar bears in 2020 extinct EXTINCT
Sea level rises 20 ft, floods coastal areas SEALEVEL
Business leaders BIZINFGW
Elected officials POLINFGW
Scientists SCIINFGW
Scientists' agreement on importance of SCIAGRGW
Understood by…
Business leaders GWBIZ
Elected officials GWPOL
Environmental scientists GWSCI
Harmful or beneficial results of science SCIBNFTS
More benefits BALPOS
More harm BALNEG
Humans' impact on nature SCIWORSE
Information about current news NEWSFROM, NEWSFRMY
Information about science and technology SCIFROM, SCINEWS1, SCINEWS2, SCINEWS3, SCIFROMY
SEEKSCIY, SCIINFGO
International Polar Year, R likely to…
Attend a lecture about polar regions POLARYR8
Go to a musuem for an exhibit on polar regions POLARYR4
Go to a website about polar regions POLARYR7
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
Read a book about polar regions POLARYR6

Read a magazine article about polar regions POLARYR3
Read a newspaper article about polar regions POLARYR2
Watch a film about polar regions POLARYR5
Watch TV about polar regions POLARYR1
Knowledge of…
Airplanes - lift LFTPLANE
Animal body type in cold climate ANHEAT
Antibiotics effect on viruses and bacteria VIRUSES
Beginning of universe BIGBANG, BIGBANG1
Best method to report the weight of a leaf WEIGHING
Continental drift CONDRIFT
Creation of radioactivity RADIOACT
Determination of baby's sex BOYORGRL, MABOYGRL
Earth's orbit around sun EARTHSUN
Erosion EROSION
Experimental design EXPDESGN, EXPTEXT, FISHEXP1, FISHEXP2
SEESAND, GOLDFISH
Genetics GENES
Global warming KNWGW, TEMPGEN1
How fish get oxygen GILLS
How lasers work LASERS
Human evolution EVOLVED, EVOLVED1
Irrigation with salt water SALTH2O
Lightning seen before thunder heard STORMTXT
Odds ODDS1, ODDS2
Polar regions
Inuit, habitat INUIT
North pole ice sheet ICESHEET
Polar bears, extinction, guns or global warming HUNTBEAR, TEMPGEN1
Polar ice caps, getting larger or smaller ICECAPS
Sunlight at south pole NOSUN
Properties of water H2OLIFE
Science and technology KNWSCI
Scientific study SCISTUDY, SCITEXT
Size of electrons ELECTRON
Temperature of center of Earth HOTCORE
The north and south poles KNWPOLAR
Time for earth to revolve around sun once SOLARREV
When most errors at work occur DAYNIGHT
Why one gets short of breath at top of mountain UPBREATH
Learn about current science from SEEKSCI, SCIFROM
Legitimate areas for scientists' work SCIPRY
Morality and science SCIMORAL
Nanotechnology NANOTECH
R has heard about NANOKNW1
R's knowledge of NANOKNW2
Harmful or beneficial NANOWILL, NANOBEN, NANOHARM
Necessity of scientific research and support ADVFRONT
by government
Polar regions, R's choice of television show about…
Polar ice melting TVMELTNG
Polar bears TVBEARS
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
Ozone hole over Anarctic TVOZONE

Oil drilling in the Arctic TVOIL
Native people in the Arctic TVINUIT
R's opinion of…
Accounting ACCNTSCI
Biology BIOSCI
Economics ECONSCI
Engineering ENGNRSCI
History HISTSCI
Medicine MEDSCI
Physics PHYSCSCI
Sociology SOCSCI
Read horoscope? ASTROLGY
Reliability of industry vs. university scientists WHICHSCI
Salience of issue SALSCI
Science's effect on…
Amount of future opportunities NEXTGEN
Speed of way of life TOOFAST
Scientific, importance of…
Careful examination of different interpretations SCIIMP4
Laboratory setting SCIIMP8
Leading scientists' opinions LEADSCI
People with advanced degrees in field SCIIMP2
R is interested in…
medical discoveries INTMED
scientific discoveries INTSCI
space exploration INTSPACE
R visited natural history museum in last year VISNHIST
R visited science museum in last year VISSCI
Replication of experiment SCIIMP7
Results of research consistent with common sense SCIIMP6
Results of research consistent with religious beliefs SCIIMP5
Scientists in university setting SCIIMP1
Solid evidence SCIIMP3
Scientific knowledge scale SCITEST1, SCITEST2, SCITEST3, SCITEST4, SCITEST5
Scientists…
Dangerous work SCIENTDN
Dedicated, work for good of humanity SCIENTGO, SCIENTHE, SCIENTBE
Less fun SCIENTFU
Odd SCIENTOD
Work alone SCIENTAL
Scientists' agreement on global warming SCIAGRGW
Social change and science SCICHNG
Stem cell research
if from…
Elected officials POLBSTSC
Medical researchers MEDBSTSC
Religious leaders RELBSTSC
Government funding for SCRESRCH
Elected officials POLINFSC
Medical researchers MEDINFSC
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
Religious leaders RELINFSC

Medical researchers' agreement on importance of MEDAGRSC
Understood by…
Elected officials SCPOL
Medical researchers SCMED
Religious leaders SCRELIG
Study science in college COLSCI, COLSCINM
Trust science too much TRUSTSCI
Useful for government policy and the way we live SCISPEC
See also CONFIDENCE, ENVIRONMENT
SEAT BELTS BELTUP
Self-employment, See WORK
Self-perception, See FEELINGS, SATISFACTION
SEX
Abuse by clergy OPENREL1, OPENREL2, OPENREL3,
COUNSEL1, COUNSEL2, COUNSEL3,
CLRGMAR1, CLRGMAR2, CLRGMAR3,
CLRGSEX1, CLRGSEX2, CLRGSEX3,
CLRGGEN1, CLRGGEN2, CLRGGEN3,
ONGOREL1, ONGOREL2, ONGOREL3,
HUSHREL1, HUSHREL2, HUSHREL3,
TOLDEXP1, TOLDEXP2, TOLDEXP3,
TOLDREL1, TOLDREL2, TOLDREL3,
CLSCLSEX, KNWCLSEX, OWNCLERG, HARSEXCL, NUMCLERG,
Age R told another R had sex with same sex partner TOLDSMSX
Age R told another R was gay/les/bi TOLDSXOR
Actual (i.e. R's gender) SEX
R's children KDSEX1, KDSEX2, KDSEX3, KDSEX4, KDSEX5, KDSEX6, KDSEX7,
KDSEX8, KDSEX9
R's friends in social network SEX1, SEX2, SEX3, SEX4, SEX5
R's siblings SBSEX1, SBSEX2, SBSEX3, SBSEX4, SBSEX5, SBSEX6, SBSEX7,
SBSEX8, SBSEX9
Condom usage CONDOM
Education in schools SEXEDUC
Extramarital XMARSEX, XMARSEX1, EVSTRAY
Frequency of SEXFREQ, SEXFREQ1, SEXFREQ2
Harassment from job supervisors HARSEXJB, SPVTRFAIR
Homosexual ATTRACTD, HOMOCHNG, HOMOSEX
HOMOSEX1, SEXSEX, SEXSEX5
Partners
Gender of R's partners since age 18 SEXSEX18
Non-spouse partners FRNDSEX, ACQNTSEX, PIKUPSEX, PAIDSEX
OTHERSEX
Number of partners in last 5 years PARTOPN5, PARTNRS5
Number of partners in 12 months PARTNERS, PARTOPEN
Number of partners since age 18 NUMWOMEN, NUMMEN
Spouse MATESEX
Sex of civil union partner SEXUNION
Pornography PORNINF, PORNMORL, PORNRAPE, PORNOUT
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
Firmness of R's opinion on porn PORNFIRM

How important porn issue is to R. PORNIMP
Laws on pornography PORNLAW
R saw X-rated film XMOVIE, XMOVIE1
R's sexual orientation SEXORNT

R's information on porn PORNINFO
Pre-marital PREMARSX, PREMARS1
Prostitution PAIDSEX, EVPAIDSX
Legalize SELLSEX
R's current relationship situation RELGENDR
Relationship status with last partner RELATSEX
Teen sex TEENSEX, TEENSEX1
X-rated movies XMOVIE, KIDXFILM
See also GAYS AND LESBIANS,
WOMEN'S ROLES, AIDS
Sexual equality, See WOMEN
Sexual harassment/discrimination, See WORK
SIBLINGS SIBS, SIBLING1, SIBLING2, SIBLING3, SIBLING4, SIBLING5, SIBORDER, SIBNUM

Educational attainment of R's sibling SBEDUC, SBDEG
Relation to R SBREL1, SBREL2, SBREL3, SBREL4, SBREL5, SBREL6, SBREL7,
SBREL8, SBREL9
Selected sibling of R SBPICKED
Sex of R's siblings SBSEX1, SBSEX2, SBSEX3, SBSEX4, SBSEX5, SBSEX6, SBSEX7,
SBSEX8, SBSEX9
Siblings of R still living SBALIVE1, SBALIVE2, SBALIVE3, SBALIVE4, SBALIVE5, SBALIVE6, SBALIVE7,
SBALIVE8, SBALIVE9
Spouse's SPSIBS
Work status of R's sibling SBWORK1, SBWORK2, SBEVWORK, SBOCC80, SBPRES80,
SBWRKSLF, SBIND80
Year R's siblings born SBYRBRN1, SBYRBRN2, SBYRBRN3, SBYRBRN4, SBYRBRN5,
SBYRBRN6, SBYRBRN7, SBYRBRN8, SBYRBRN9
See also BIRTH ORDER, FAMILY, RELATIVES,
SOCIABILITY, SOCIAL NETWORKS
Sisters, See SIBLINGS
SIZE OF PLACE OF INTERVIEW

Actual XNORCSIZ
NORC size of place SIZE
SRC belt SRCBELT
See also RESIDENCE
SMOKING
Outlawed in public places NOSMOKE
Respondent SMOKE, QUITSMK, SMOKECIG, CIGWEEK,
EVSMOKE
SOCIABILITY
Expressing one's opinion with friends STANDUP
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
and acquaintances
Religion helps people make friends MAKEFRND
Spend evening…
Bar SOCBAR
Friends SOCFREND
Neighbor SOCOMMUN
Parents SOCPARS
Relatives SOCREL
Siblings SOCSIBS
With strangers HOSTHOME
See also PARENTS, SIBLINGS, SOCIAL NETWORKS
SOCIAL CLASS
Attitudes to . . .
Availability of opportunities EDUCOP
Business profits EQUAL3, EQUAL4, EQUAL7, PROFITS1, PROFITS2
Class conflict CONWLTH, CONCLASS, CONJOBS, CONUNION,
CONURBAN, CONSOC, CONAGE, BOSSEMPS
Collective action EQUAL1
Explanations for social mobility EQUAL8, USCLASS2 USCLASS3, USCLASS4, USCLASS7
Few with wealth with many others in WLTHPOV
poverty
Government responsibility
To reduce inequality GOVEQINC
To meet basic needs EQUAL4, USCLASS5
Social differences USCLASS8
Social standing
Depends on abilities, education USCLASS3
Depends on class/family background USCLASS1, USCLASS2
Depends on individual effort USCLASS5
Depends on opportunities USCLASS4, USCLASS7
Books in house at 16 BOOKS16
Subjective class composition of US SOCTYPE1, SOCTYPE2
Subjective placement of others UNSKLRNK, EXECRNK
Subjective placement of R CLASS, CLASSY, RANK, RANK10
FAMRNK
Work incentives EQUAL5, EQUAL6, USCLASS6
See also EQUALITY, INEQUALITY, OCCUPATION,
SOCIAL MOBILITY
Socialization, See CHILDREN
SOCIAL MOBILITY
Blacks overcoming prejudice WRKWAYUP
Comparison of R's standard of living to parents' and PARSOL, KIDSSOL
children's
Explanations for
Ability EQUAL8, USCLASS3, OPABLE
Educated parents OPPARED
Education OPEDUC
Effort USCLASS7, OPAMBIT, OPHRDWRK
Family background USCLASS2, OPWLTH, OPKNOW
Individual effort does not matter USCLASS4
Political connections OPCLOUT
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
Political views OPPOL

Race OPRACE
Region OPREGION
Religion OPRELIG
R's open ended response GETAHEAY
Sex OPSEX
Possibility of in U.S. EQUAL6, GOODLIFE
See also EQUALITY, OCCUPATION,
OCCUPATIONAL PRESTIGE, SOCIAL CLASS,
UNITED STATES, OPPORTUNITY
SOCIAL NETWORKS
American Indians living in R's community, percentage COMAMIND
Congregation
Comfort in difficulty CONGHLP2
Help in illness CONGHLP1
Contacts, R's in a typical weekday PEOCNTCT
Family members of R…
Attend religious service regularly ACQFMGO
Cohabitate and are women living with a man ACQFMCOH
Conservative ACQFMCON
Do not attend religious service ACQFMNO
Gay ACQFMGAY
Liberal ACQFMLIB
Named…
Linda ACQFMLIN
Mark ACQFMMRK
Own second home ACQFMHME
Prison ACQFMPRI
Race…
Asian ACQFMASN
Black ACQFMBLK
Hispanic ACQFMHSP
White ACQFMWHT
Unemployed ACQFMUNE
Friends FRINUM, FRIWORK, FRINEIGH, FRISEX,
FRIVISIT, FRITIME, FRICALL
Influence, R's YOUINFLU, HLPINFLU
Neighborhood acquaintances of R…
Attend religious service regularly ACQNHGO
Cohabitate and are women living with a man ACQNHCOH
Conservative ACQNHCON
Do not attend religious service ACQNHNO
Gay ACQNHGAY
Liberal ACQNHLIB
Named…
Linda ACQNHLIN
Mark ACQNHMRK
Own second home ACQNHHME
Prison ACQNHPRI
Race…
Asian ACQNHASN
Black ACQNHBLK
Hispanic ACQNHHSP
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
White ACQNHWHT
Unemployed ACQNHUNE
Persons from whom R seeks advice NUMGIVEN, EQCLOSE, RCLOSE1, RCLOSE2,
RCLOSE3, RCLOSE4, RCLOSE5, CLOSE12-45
Characteristics of (demographic) SEX1, SEX2, SEX3, SEX4, SEX5,
RACE1, RACE2, RACE3, RACE4, RACE5,
EDUC1, EDUC2, EDUC3, EDUC4, EDUC5,
AGE1, AGE2, AGE3, AGE4, AGE5,
RELIG1, RELIG2, RELIG3, RELIG4, RELIG5,
PARTYID1, PARTYID2, PARTYID3
Frequency of contact TALKTO1, TALKTO2, TALKTO3, TALKTO4, TALKTO5
Length of association (years) KNOWN1, KNOWN2, KNOWN3, KNOWN4, KNOWN5
Relationship to R SPOUSE1, SPOUSE2, SPOUSE3, SPOUSE4, SPOUSE5,
PARENT1, PARENT2, PARENT3, PARENT4, PARENT5,
SIBLING1, SIBLING2, SIBLING3, SIBLING4, SIBLING5,
CHILD1, CHILD2, CHILD3, CHILD4, CHILD5,
OTHFAM1, OTHFAM2, OTHFAM3, OTHFAM4, OTHFAM5,
COWORK1, COWORK2, COWORK3, COWORK4, COWORK5,
MEMGRP1, MEMGRP2, MEMGRP3, MEMGRP4, MEMGRP5,
NEIGHBR1, NEIGHBR2, NEIGHBR3, NEIGHBR4, NEIGHBR5,
FRIEND1, FRIEND2, FRIEND3, FRIEND4, FRIEND5,
ADVISOR1, ADVISOR2, ADVISOR3, ADVISOR4, ADVISOR5,
OTHER1, OTHER2, OTHER3, OTHER4, OTHER5
GRPBOTH1, GRPBOTH2, GRPBOTH3, GRPBOTH4, GRPBOTH5
FRSTMET1, FRSTMET2, FRSTMET3, FRSTMET4, FRSTMET5
YRSKWN1, YRSKWN2, YRSKWN3, YRSKWN4, YRSKWN5
GRPSPRTS, GRPOTHER
Persons with whom R. discusses politics TALKPOL, TALKPOL1, TALKPOL2, TALKPOL3
Number of Names Mentioned NUMGIV6PLUS
Persons R is acquainted with…
Attend religious service regularly ACQGOATT, ACQATTND
Cohabitate and are women living with a man ACQCOHAB
are Conservative ACQCON
are Democrats ACQDEMS
Do not attend religious service ACQNOATT
are Gay ACQGAY
Jobs are…
Child care worker ACQCHILD
Electrician ACQELECS
Janitor ACQJANS
Lawyer ACQLAWS
Military personnel ACQMILS
Police officer ACQCOPS
Social worker ACQSOCS
are Liberal ACQLIB
Named…
Brenda ACQBRNDA
Jose ACQJOSE
Karen ACQKAREN
Keith ACQKEITH
Kevin ACQKEVIN
Linda ACQLINDA
Maria ACQMARIA
Mark ACQMARK
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
Rachel ACQRACHL
Shawn ACQSHAWN
Own second home ACQHOME
in Prison ACQPRISN
of Race…
Asian ACQASIAN
Black ACQBLACK
Hispanic ACQHISP
Same as R ACQMYRAC
White ACQWHITE
are Republicans ACQREPS
Unemployed ACQUNEMP
Role in help with . . .
Advice on decision CHANGE1, CHANGE2
Depression DOWN1, DOWN1A, DOWN2, DOWN2A
Difficult situation CONGHLP2
Household tasks CHORES1, CHORES2
Illness SICK1, SICK1A,SICK2, SICK2A,
CONGHLP1
Loan of money BORROW1, BORROW1A, BORROW2, BORROW2A
Problem with spouse/partner UPSET1, UPSET2
R's help to others HELPHWRK, LENTTO, TALKEDTO, HELPJOB
Too many demands DEMANDS
Trust
How many R trusts FEWTRSTY
Will people exploit R EXPLOIT
People R trusts who are…
Child care workers TRTCHILD
Church attendees TRTGOATT, TRTATTND
Non-church attendees TRTNOATT
Cohabitating and are women TRTCOHAB
Democrats TRTDEMS
Electricians TRTELECS
Gay TRTGAY
Janitors TRTJANS
Lawyers TRTLAWS
Military personnel TRTMILS
Named…
Brenda TRTBRNDA
Jose TRTJOSE
Karen TRTKAREN
Keith TRTKEITH
Kevin TRTKEVIN
Linda TRTLINDA
Maria TRTMARIA
Mark TRTMARK
Rachel TRTRACHL
Shawn TRTSHAWN
Owners of a second home TRTHOME
Police officers TRTCOPS
in Prison TRTPRISN
of Race…
Asian TRTASIAN
Black TRTBLACK
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
Hispanic TRTHISP
Same as R TRTMYRAC
White TRTWHITE
Republicans TRTREPS
Social workers TRTSOCS
Strong conservatives TRTCON
Strong liberals TRTLIB
Unemployed TRTUNEMP
Voluntary association acquaintances of R…
Attend religious service regularly ACQVAGO
Cohabitate and are women living with a man ACQVACOH
are Conservative ACQVACON
Do not attend religious service ACQVANO
are Gay ACQVAGAY
are Liberal ACQVALIB
Named…
Linda ACQVALIN
Mark ACQVAMRK
Own second home ACQVAHME
in Prison ACQVAPRI
of Race…
Asian ACQVAASN
Black ACQVABLK
Hispanic ACQVAHSP
White ACQVAWHT
Unemployed ACQVAUNE
Work acquaintances of R…
Attend religious service regularly ACQWKGO
Cohabitate and are women living with a man ACQWKCOH
Conservative ACQWKCON
Do not attend religious service ACQWKNO
Gay ACQWKGAY
Liberal ACQWKLIB
Named…
Linda ACQWKLIN
Mark ACQWKMRK
Own second home ACQWKHME
in Prison ACQWKPRI
of Race…
Asian ACQWKASN
Black ACQWKBLK
Hispanic ACQWKHSP
White ACQWKWHT
Unemployed ACQWKUNE
See also FAMILY CONTACT, FRIENDS, SOCIABILITY,
RACE
SOCIAL SECURITY
Comparison of present/future benefits SOCSECRT
Opinion of social security system SOCSECFX
Vs. mandatory retirement accounts SOCSECNU
See also UNITED STATES,
FEDERAL GOVERNMENT
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
Social support, See SOCIAL NETWORKS
Socialists, See CIVIL LIBERTIES
Socioeconomic status, See SOCIAL CLASS
Sociopolitical participation, See POLITICAL,

SOUTHERN WHITES
Attitudes to welfare FARESO
Attitudes to work WORKSO
Influence of INFLUSO
Intelligence of INTLSO
Patriotism PATRSO
Proneness to violence VIOLSO
Wealth WLTHSO
Living in neighborhood LIVESO
Relative marrying MARSO
Space, See UNITED STATES
SPENDING
Cuts in CUTGOVT
Defense DEFSPDR, DEFSPDFG
General CUTSPDR, CUTSPDFG
Priorities
Big cities NATCITY, NATCITYY, NATCITYZ
Crime and drugs NATCRIME, NATDRUG, NATCRIMY, NATDRUGY,
NATCRIMZ, NATDRUGZ, SPPOLICE
Education and childcare NATEDUC, NATCHLD, NATEDUCY, NATEDUCZ,
SPSCHOOL, CAREPROV, CARECOST
Environment NATENVIR, NATENVIY, NATENVIZ, SPENVIRO
Foreign affairs NATARMS, NATAID, NATARMSY, NATAIDY,
NATARMSZ, NATAIDZ, SPARMS
Health NATHEAL, NATHEALY, NATHEALZ, SPHLTH
Improving the conditions of blacls NATRACE, NATRACEY, NATRACEZ
Science and culture NATPARK, NATSCI, NATPARKZ, SPARTS
Social security and other govt benefits NATFARE, NATSOC, NATFAREY, NATFAREZ,
NATSOCZ, SPRETIRE, SPUNEMP, SPMENTL,
SPNATDIS
Space exploration NATSPAC, NATSPACY, NATSPACZ
Sports GOVTSPRTS
Taxes and debt TAXSPEND
Transportation NATROAD, NATMASS, NATROADZ, NATMASSZ
Social Programs versus lower taxes or reducing TAXSPEND, CUTDEBT
the national deficit
See also FEDERAL GOVERNMENT,
UNITED STATES, SPENDING CATEGORIES,
TAXES
Spirituality, See RELIGION

Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
SPLIT BALLOTS
Abortion ABDEFECT, ABNOMORE, ABHLTH, ABPOOR, ABRAPE, ABSINGLE, ABANY
AIDS AIDSSCH, AIDSADS, AIDSHLTH,
AIDSSXED, AIDSIDS, AIDSFARE
Alienation ALIENAT1, ALIENAT2, ALIENAT3, ALIENAT4, ALIENAT5, ALIENAT6
Anomia ANOMIA1, ANOMIA2, ANOMIA3, ANOMIA4, ANOMIA5, ANOMIA6,
ANOMIA7, ANOMIA8
Bible BIBLE, BIBLEY
Blacks benefit at expense of whites DISCAFF, COLAFF, DISCAFF, DISCAFFY
Confidence in leaders and institutions CONFINAN, CONBUS, CONCLERG, CONEDUC, CONFED, CONLABOR, CONPRESS,
CONMEDIC, CONTV, CONJUDGE, CONSCI, CONLEGIS, CONARMY, CONFINAY,
CONBUSY, CONCLERY, CONEDUCY, CONFEDY, CONLABOY, CONPRESY,
CONMEDIY, CONTVY, CONJUDGY, CONSCIY, CONLEGIY, CONARMYY
Countries RUSSIA, JAPAN, ENGLAND, CANADA, BRAZIL, CHINA, ISRAEL, EGYPT
Courts COURTS, COURTSY
Divorce laws DIVLAW, DIVLAWY
Draft, military DRAFT, DRAFTFE, DRAFTEM, DRAFTFEM, DRAFTCOL, DRAFTMAR, DRAFTPAR,
DRAFTGAY, DRAFTCO, DRAFTDEF
Forbid/allow FORBDCOM, FORBDRAC, FORBDMAR
Form FORM
Happiness HAPPY, HAPMAR, HAPPY7
Images of God
Creator CREATOR
Contrast
Creator or healer CRTRHEAL
Friend or king FRNDKING
Judge or lover JUDGELUV
Master or spouse MASTERSP
Mother or father MAPA
Redeemer or liberator RDEEMLIB
Father FATHER
Friend FRIEND
Healer HEALER
King KING
Judge JUDGE
Liberator LIBERATR
Lover LOVER
Master MASTER
Mother MOTHER
Redeemer REDEEMER
Spouse SPOUSE
Income equalization EQWLTH, EQWLTHY
Job values JOBINC, JOBSEC, JOBHOUR, JOBPROMO, JOBMEANS, JOBKEEP, JOBPAY,
JOBRISE, JOBHONOR, JOBOFF, JOBINTER, JOBINDEP, JOBRESP, JOBPEOP,
JOBHELP, JOBSOC, JOBACCMP, JOBSAFE
Marijuana GRASS, GRASSY
Multidimensional scales GUNIMP, GUNINFO, GUNFIRM
CRIMIMP, CRIMINFO, CRIMFIRM
LAWIMP, LAWINFO, LAWFIRM
RACIMP, RACINFO, RACFIRM, RACCARE,
RACTHINK, RACWRITE, RACGIVE, RACJOIN
FEIMP, FEINFO, FEFIRM, FECARE,
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
FETHINK, FEWRITE, FEGIVE, FEJOIN

ABPRO1, ABPRO2, ABPRO3, ABCON1, ABCON2, ABCON3,
ABIMP, ABINFO, ABFIRM, ABCARE
PORNIMP, PORNINFO, PORNFIRM
ERAWHY1, ERAWHY2, ERAWHY3, ERAIMP, ERAINFO, ERAFIRM
National service FESERVE, MESERVE, TAXSERVE
Opportunity OPRICH, OPPROF, OPFAMILY, COLOP
Political ideology POLVIEWS, POLVIEWY, POLVIEWX
Prayers in schools PRAYER, PRAYERY, PRAYERX
Programs for Black Americans POVZONE, POVSCHS, POVCOL, BLKZONE, BLKSCHS, BLKCOL
Qualities of children MANNERS, SUCCESS, HONEST, CLEAN, JUDGMENT, CONTROL,
ROLE, AMICABLE, OBEYS, RESPONSI, CONSIDER, INTEREST,
STUDIOUS, MANNERSY, SUCCESSY, HONESTY, CLEANY,
JUDGMENY, CONTROLY, ROLEY, AMICABLY, OBEYSY, RESPONSY,
CONSIDEY, INTERESY, STUDIOUY, SUCCESSZ, HONESTZ,
CLEANZ, JUDGMENZ, CONTROLZ, ROLEZ, AMICABLZ,
OBEYSZ, RESPONSZ, CONSIDEZ, INTERESZ, STUDIOUZ
Race relations RACIMP, RACINFO, RACFIRM, RACCARE, RACTHINK,
RACWRITE, RACGIVE, RACJOIN
Satisfaction SATCITY, SATHOBBY, SATFAM, SATFRND, SATHEALT
Sex, frequency SEXFREQ, SEXFREQ1, SEXFREQ2
Sex, partners PARTNERS, PARTOPEN, PARTOPN5, PARTNRS5
Social class-subjective CLASS, CLASSY, RANK
Spending priorities NATSPAC, NATENVIR, NATHEAL, NATCITY, NATCRIME, NATDRUG, NATEDUC,
NATRACE, NATARMS, NATAID, NATFARE, NATROAD, NATSOC, NATMASS,
NATPARK, NATCHLD, NATSCI, NATENRGY, NATSPACY, NATENVIY, NATHEALY,
NATCITYY, NATCRIMY, NATDRUGY, NATEDUCY, NATRACEY, NATARMSY,
NATAIDY, NATFAREY, NATSPACZ, NATENVIZ, NATHEALZ, NATCITYZ, NATCRIMZ,
NATEDUCZ, NATRACEZ, NATARMSZ, NATAIDZ, NATFAREZ, NATROADZ,
NATSOCZ, NATMASSZ, NATPARKZ
Tax TAX
Trust TRUST, TRUSTY
U.S. war USWAR, USWARY
Weights FORMWT
Women in politics FEPOL, FEPOLY
Women's rights FEIMP, FEINFO, FEFIRM, FECARE, FETHINK, FEWRITE, FEGIVE, FEJOIN
X-rated film viewing XMOVIE1
SPORTS
Develop character in children SPRTSDEV
Enjoyment from physical activities ENJYPHYS
Participation in sports HUNTFISH, DOSPORTS, MEMSPORT
Pro-athletes giving thanks to God during sports GODSPORT
events
Proud of America's success in sports AMSPORTS, PROUDSPT
Should the government spend more on sports? GOVTSPRTS
Spectator of sports ATTSPRTS, AUTORACE
Televised sports
See also LEISURE, UNITED STATES
Spouse, See MARITAL STATUS, COHABITATION,

FAMILY, RELIGION, EDUCATION
SRC Belt Code, See RESIDENCE

Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
Standard of living, See SOCIAL MOBILITY
Step-children, See CHILDREN, EDUCATION
Stigma, See MENTAL HEALTH
SUCCESS
Beliefs about LFEGOD, LFEGENES, LFESOCTY, LFEHRDWK, LFECHNCE
In family/work FAMLIFE, WORKLIFE, BALWKFAM
SUICIDE
Characteristics of suicides R knew SUIWHO, SUISEX, SUIAGE, SUIRACE, SUIREG,
SUIWHO2, SUISEX2, SUIAGE2, SUIRAC2,
SUIREG2, SUIWHO3, SUISEX3, SUIAGE3,
SUIRAC3, SUIREG3
Number of suicides R knew SUIKNEW
Suicide acceptable if . . .
Suicide doesn't want to live SUICIDE4
Suicide has dishonored family SUICIDE3
Suicide has gone bankrupt SUICIDE2
Suicide has incurable disease SUICIDE1
See also EUTHANASIA
Sunday school, See RELIGION
SURVEYS
Good purpose POLLGOOD
True POLLTRUE
TAXES
Increase own taxes for govt. spending SPENVIRO, SPHLTH, SPPOLICE, SPSCHOOL,
SPARMS, SPRETIRE, SPUNEMP, SPARTS
Level of business tax BUSTAX
Level of income taxes TAX, INCTAX
Low taxes versus social program spending TAXSPEND
Progressive income tax PROGTAX, TAXRICH, TAXMID, TAXPOOR, TAXSHARE
TECHNOLOGY
Effect on work/jobs TECHJOBS, TECHWORK, AUTOMATN, AUTONOJB
How often R meets face-to-face with clients MEETF2F1, MEETF2F2
New jobs created are better than R's NEWJOBS
R interested in new technologies INTTECH
Teens, See ADULT TRANSITIONS
TELEPHONE IN HOUSEHOLD PHONE
TELEVISION VIEWING
Hours of TV per day TVHOURS
Recorded a TV show to watch later USEVCR
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
Sports on TV
Types of TV shows R watches TVSHOWS, TVNEWS, TVPBS
Types of TV shows about polar region R watches
Polar ice melting TVMELTNG
Polar bears TVBEARS
Ozone hole over Anarctic TVOZONE
Oil drilling in the Arctic TVOIL
Native people in the Arctic TVINUIT
See also CHILDREN, RELIGION, MEDIA
Temperatures, See POLITICAL, RELIGION
TERMINAL ILLNESS
End of life issues TERMECON, TERMREL, TERMEMOT, TERMPAIN,
TERMPAY, TERMINAL
Vignette TERMVIG
Options for terminal illness RIGHTREF, NOTREAT, INSTRCTN, HOSPICE,
PAINMED, DOCSUI
Who trust to make decisions TRUSTFAM, TRUSTDOC, TRUSTCRT
Thermometer, See POLITICAL, RELIGION
TERRORISM
Actions R took in response to 9/11 attacks and
their perceived effectiveness
Actions avoided or reduced
Air travel DONE911F, EFF911F
National landmarks DONE911M, EFF911M
Tall buildings DONE911L, EFF911L
Travel by train DONE911G, EFF911G
Travel to certain cities DONE911K, EFF911K
Use of public transit DONE911H, EFF911H
Actions taken
Changed mail handling procedures DONE911I, EFF911I
Developed emergency plans DONE911A, EFF911A
Duplicated important documents DONE911E, EFF911E
Increased vigilance DONE911J, EFF911J
Learned where to get more info on terrorism DONE911D, EFF911D
Other actions taken to deal with terrorism DONE911N, EFF911N, DONEELSE
Stockpiled supplies DONE911B, EFF911B
R purchased things to make R safer DONE911C, EFF911C
Government should keep anti-terror efforts secret SECTERR
Terrorism by U.S. citizens is greater/lesser today USTERROR
Terrorism by foreigners is greater/lesser today FRTERROR
TIME RUSHED, BORED
Tobacco, See SMOKING
Tolerance, See POLITICAL, RELIGION
Transitions to adulthood, See ADULT TRANSITIONS
TRANSPORTATION TRAVELUS
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
Rhas reduced travel in response to 9/11 attacks DONE911F,G,H,K,M

(e.g. by air, train, public transit, to landmarks)
R's perceived effectiveness of reducing travel EFF911F,G,H,K
See also SEAT BELTS
TRAUMA
Combined scale TRATOT1, TRATOT5
Deaths DEATH5, DEATH16
Divorces DIVORCE5, DIVREL1, DIVREL4
Family and personal FAMPER1, FAMPER2, FAMPER3, FAMPER4, FAMPER5
Finances FINAN1, FINAN2, FINAN3, FINAN4, FINAN5, HRDSHP1
Housing LIVE1, LIVE2, LIVE3, LIVE4
Illness, hospitalization, medical problems HOSDIS5, HOSREL1, HOSREL4
HLTH1, HLTH2, HLTH3, HLTH4, HLTH5, HLTH6, HLTH7,
HLTH8, HLTH9, HLTH10, HLTH11
Law and crime LAW1, LAW2, LAW3, LAW4, LAW5, LAW6, LAW7
Material hardships HRDSHP1, HRDSHP2, HRDSHP3, HRDSHP4, HRDSHP5, HRDSHP6, HRDSHP7
Other OTH1, OTH2, OTH3, OTH4, OTH5
Personal scale TRAUMA1, TRAUMA5
Problems in last 12 months PROB1, PROB2, PROB3, PROB4
Relatives scale TRAREL1, TRAREL5
Sex abuse by clergy OWNCLERG, CLSCLSEX
Unemployment UNEMP5, UNREL1, UNREL4, OUTOFBIZ,
UNPEOPLE, UNMONEY, UNSLFCON, UNRESPCT,
UNFAMTEN, UNJOBEXP, UNBORED, UNDK,
WORK7, WORK9, WORK10
Work related problems WORK1, WORK2, WORK3, WORK4, WORK5, WORK6, WORK7, WORK8, WORK9
See also DIVORCE, LIFE EVENTS,

UNEMPLOYMENT, VIOLENCE, PARENTS
Trust, See ANOMIA, PEOPLE, RACE, SOCIAL

NETWORKS
UNEMPLOYMENT
Automation due to computers AUTOMATN, AUTONOJB
to Avoid…
R would accept job with new skills NOUNEMP1
R would accept lower pay NOUNEMP2
R would accept temporary employment NOUNEMP3
R would travel longer NOUNEMP4
Currently looking for work LOOKJOB
Difficulty of finding work FINDWORK
Likelihood of finding a job GETJOB
Likelihood of R losing job in next year LOSEJB12
Main source of economic support ECONSUP
Problems caused by UNPEOPLE, UNMONEY, UNSLFCON, UNRESPCT,
UNFAMTEN, UNJOBEXP, UNBORED, UNDK
R ever employed for more than 1 year EVJOB
R ever unemployed, not looking for work UNEMP
R ever unemployed, years not looking UNEMP5, WOJOBYRS
R unemployed WOJOB
R's relatives unemployed UNREL1, UNREL4
R's spouse unemployed WORK7, WORK9
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
Sexual orientation, fired because of LOSEJB5

Steps taken to find a job
Advertised for job in newspapers ADFORJOB
Answered advertisements for jobs WANTADS
Applied directly to employers APPEMPS
Asked relatives, friends, or colleagues ASKHELP
Registered at private employment agency PRIAGNCY
Registered at public employment agency PUBAGNCY
Trade increases and new vs. lost jobs LOSTJOBS, MORETRDE, NEWJOBS
Unemployed and looking for work WORK10
Want job, now or in future WANTJOB2
When last job ended YRJOBEND, LASTYRWK
Why last job ended WHYJBEND, LEAVEJB, WHYLEAVE
Why last job abolished/R laid off WHYJBCT1, WHYJBCT2, WHYJBCT3, WHYNOJB1, WHYNOJB2, WHYNOJB3,
WHYLOSE
See also ECONOMY, EMPLOYMENT, JOB,
LABOR FORCE, OCCUPATION, STATUS,
TRAUMA United Nations, See UNITED STATES
UNITED STATES
Agriculutre, R's interest in INTFARM
Attitudes towards American identity and AMCITIZN, AMSHAMED, BELIKEUS, AMBETTER
international comparison IFWRONG, AMSPORTS
Citizenship CITIZEN, PARCIT
Contributions from different races, CONTENG, CONTITL, CONTCHN, CONTJEW
nationalities, religions CONTBLK, CONTMEX, CONTVN, CONTCUBA,
CONTIRSH, CONTPR, CONTJPN, CONTMSLM
Criteria for being truly American AMBORNIN, AMCIT, AMLIVED, AMENGLSH,
AMCHRSTN, AMGOVT, AMFEEL, AMANCSTR
Culture issues AMCULT, MINCULT, MELTPOT1
Exposure to foreign cultures FORCULT
Democracy's effectiveness DEMWORKS, DEMTODAY, DEM10PST
DEM10FUT, DEMRGHTS
Disarmament LESSNUKE, NONUKE
English as official language in US ENGOFFCL
Energy priorities FUTENRGY
Entitlements for immigrants and undocumented IMMFARE, UNDOCWRK, UNDOCCOL, UNDOCKID
aliens
Environmental protection AMPROGRN, USDOENUF
Feelings towards U.S. USWORRY, USSAT, USFRUSTR, USENTHUS,
USANGRY, USHOPEFL, USUPSET
Globalization INTLINCS, FREETRDE
Guerilla war GUERILLA
Immigration issues/attitudes LETIN, LETIN1, IMMCRIME, IMMAMECO,
IMMJOBS, IMMIDEAS, EXCLDIMM, TOPPROB1, TOPPROB2
Importance of being American AMIMP, NOTAM
Interational issues, Rs interest in INTINTL, TOPPROB1, TOPPROB2
International Relationships IMPORTS, WRLDGOVT, FORLANG, AMOWNWAY,
FORLAND, AMTV, DECSORGS, POWRORGS
Involvement in United Nations USUN
Involvement in war USWAR, USWARY, LANDWAR
Involvement in world affairs USINTL
Involvement in world war USWARY
Mixed racial heritage, estimated percentages of USMIXED
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
people with
NAFTA NAFTA1, NAFTA2, NAFTA2A, NAFTA3
National priorities POSTMAT1, POSTMAT2
National Security
Acceptability of government means to protect ASKFINAN, ASKCRIME, ASKDRUGS, ASKMENTL,
security ASKFORGN, ASKDRINK, ASKSEXOR, ASKFRBIZ,
ASKFRTRV, ASKCOMP
Government should maintain secrecy SECTECH, SECDOCS
Priority of privacy vs. security issues SECPRVCY
Punishment for breaches of security TAKEARMS, LEAKINFO, SPYENEMY, SPYFREND
TAKETRCK, PUNARMS, PUNLEAK, PUNENMY
PUNFRND, PUNTRCK
Punishment for computer breaches of security COMSTEAL, COMDATA, COMSYS, COMSNOOP,
COMEMAIL, COMPORN
Report coworkers violating secrecy RPTCOWRK
Security measures applied to those with LIETEST, TESTDRUG, BUGGING, FINANQS,
Terrorism, if suspected, government has right to…
Right to detain suspect without trial WOTRIAL
Right to stop people at random STOPRNDM
Right to tap phone lines TAPPHONE
TOP SECRET clearance CHKONJOB, CHKOTHER, COMPFIN, CHKTRAVL,

EMAILWRK, EMAILHME, TAPWRK, TAPHME,
SRCHWRK, CAMWRK
Threats to security USSPY, FORSPY, USTERROR, FRTERROR,
FORSTEAL, NUCLRWAR
Nuclear war NUKEWAR, MORENUKE, LESSNUKE, NONUKE
Pride in America AMPROUD, LESSPRD, AMPROUD1
Armed forces PROUDMIL
Art and literature achievements PROUDART
Athletic acheivements PROUDSPT
Democracy PROUDDEM
Economic achievements PROUDECO
Fair and equal treatment PROUDGRP
History PROUDHIS
Political influence PROUDPOL
Scientific and technological achievements PROUDSCI
Social security system PROUDSSS
Problems NATSPAC, NATENVIR, NATHEAL, NATCITY, NATCRIME, NATDRUG,
NATEDUC, NATRACE, NATARMS, NATAID, NATFARE, NATROAD, NATSOC,
NATMASS, NATPARK, NATCHLD, NATSCI, NATENRGY, NATSPACY, NATENVIY,
NATHEALY, NATCITYY, NATCRIMY, NATDRUGY, NATEDUCY, NATRACEY,
NATARMSY, NATAIDY, NATFAREY, NATSPACZ, NATENVIZ, NATHEALZ, NATCITYZ,
NATCRIMZ, NATEDUCZ, NATRACEZ, NATARMSZ, NATAIDZ, NATFAREZ,
NATROADZ, NATSOCZ, NATMASSZ, NATPARKZ
Quality of life compared to other industrial nations AMRANK
Racial/ethnic groups in US, estimated USWHT, USBLK, USJEWS, USHISP, USASN,
percentages of USAMIND
Racial/ethnic groups in US, expected population WHTCHNG, BLKCHNG, JEWSCHNG, HISPCHNG,
increases ASNCHNG
Refugee allowances REFUGEES
Satisfied with democracy in US SATDEMOC
Social rewards REWRDEFF, REWRDINT, CORRUPT
Social Security SOCSECRT, SOCSECFX, SOCSECNU
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
Success
Controlling unemployment HELPEMP
Fighting crime HELPCRIM
National security HELPSEC
Protecting the environment HELPENV
Providing health care to the sick HELPHLTH
Standard of living for the old HELPOLD
US Unity vs. split into distinct nations ONENATN
See also BUSINESS, CONFIDENCE, COURTS,
DEMONSTRATIONS, FEDERAL GOVERNMENT,
FREEDOM, IMMIGRATION, LIFE EVENTS,
MILITARY, POLITICAL, PROTEST, SPENDING,
TERRORISM
VALUES
Independence OPENMIND
Lifestyle priorities IMPFINAN, IMPMAR, IMPKIDS, IMPGOD,
IMPTHNGS, IMPCULTR, IMPJOB, IMPSELF
Others vs. self AGAPE1, AGAPE2, AGAPE3, AGAPE4
R accepts people of other religions
as political candidate of R's party RELCAND
as spouse for R's relative RELMARRY
U.S. united or divided on values? UNITED
See also ENVIRONMENT, RELIGION
VETERANS' AID VETAID
VETERAN STATUS VETFAM, VETYEARS, VETKIND, MEMVET
Vignettes, See MENTAL HEALTH, HEALTH,

CHILDREN,GENETIC TESTING,
TERMINAL ILLNESS
VIOLENCE
Approve of man punching another man…
in some situations HITOK
victim is in a protest march HITMARCH
victim is drunk HITDRUNK
victim hit the man's child HITCHILD
victim is beating a woman HITBEATR
victim broke into man's house HITROBBR
Approve of police striking a man…
in some situations POLHITOK
man swore at cop POLABUSE
man was being questioned as murder suspect POLMURDR
man was trying to escape custody POLESCAP
man was attacking cop with fists POLATTAK
Experienced hitting HIT, HITNUM, HITAGE
Spanking SPANKING
See also BURGLARY, CRIME, GUN,
LAW ENFORCEMENT, ROBBERY, TRAUMA
VOCABULARY TEST WORDA, WORDB, WORDC, WORDD, WORDE, WORDF,

WORDG, WORDH, WORDI, WORDJ, WORDSUM, WORDTRY
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
See also REASONING ABILITIES
Active in organizations ACTFRAT, ACTSERV, ACTVET, ACTPOLIT, ACTUNION, ACTSPORT,
ACTYOUTH, ACTSCHL, ACTHOBBY, ACTGREEK, ACTNAT,
ACTFARM, ACTLIT, ACTPROF, ACTCHURH, ACTOTHER, MOSTACT
GRPPARTY, GRPWORK, GRPRELIG, MEMSERV, MEMYOUTH
MEMNAT, MEMLIT, MEMPROF
MEMSCHL, MEMHOBBY, MEMGREEK, MEMCHURH
MEMOTHR, TYPCHURH, CHURCHTX, NUMINFRM
Done volunteer work in last month MONHLTH, MONEDUC, MONRELIG, MONHUMAN, VOLMONTH
MONENVIR, MONPUB, MONREC, MONART,
MONWORK, MONPOL, MONYOUTH, MONFOUND,
MONINTL MONINFRM, MONOTH, MEMYOUTH
MEMSCHL, VOLMONTH
Hours worked in last month HRSHLTH, HRSEDUC, HRSRELIG, HRSHUMAN,
HRSENVIR, HRSPUB, HRSREC, HRSART,
HRSWORK, HRSPOL, HRSYOUTH, HRSFOUND,
HRSINTL, HRSINFRM, HRSOTH
Done volunteer work in last year VOLACTYR, VOLACTY2
Done arts volunteer work in last year VOLARTS
Degree of commitment to organization CAREGRP
Involvement in organizations by type MEMFRAT, MEMSERV, MEMVET, MEMPOLIT,
MEMUNION, MEMSPORT, MEMYOUTH, MEMSCHL,
MEMHOBBY, MEMGREEK, MEMNAT, MEMFARM,
MEMLIT, MEMPROF, MEMCHURH, MEMOTHER,
MEMNUM, CHURHGRP, VOLHLTH, VOLEDUC,
VOLRELIG, VOLHUMAN, VOLENVIR, VOLPUB,
VOLREC, VOLART, VOLWORK, VOLPOL, PARTPOL
VOLYOUTH, VOLFOUND, VOLINTL, VOLINFRM,
VOLOTH, GRPPOL, GRPUNION, GRPCHURH,
GRPSPORT, GRPCHRTY, GRPNEI, GRPOTH, MEMSERV
MEMUNION, MEMSPORT, MEMYOUTH, MEMSCHL
MEMHOBBY, MEMGREEK, MEMNAT, MEMLIT
MEMPROF, MEMCHURH, MEMOTHR
Organizations (by type) SOLFRAT, SOLSERV, SOLVET, SOLPOLIT,
SOLUNION, SOLSPORT, SOLYOUTH, SOLSCHL,
SOLHOBBY, SOLGREEK, SOLNAT, SOLFARM,
SOLLIT, SOLPROF, SOLCHURH, SOLOTHER
INFRMGRP, TYPFRAT, TYPSERV, TYPVET
TYPPOLIT, TYPUNION, TYPSPORT, TYPYOUTH
TYPSCHL, TYPHOBBY, TYPGREEK, TYPNAT
TYPFARM, TYPLIT, TYPPROF, TYPCHURH
TYPOTHER, TYPINFRM,
NUMFRAT, NUMSERV, NUMVET, NUMPOLIT,
NUMUNION, NUMSPORT, NUMYOUTH, MEMSERV
MEMUNION, MEMSPORT, MEMYOUTH
MEMSCHL, MEMHOBBY, MEMGREEK, MEMNAT
MEMLIT, MEMPROF, MEMCHURH, MEMOTHR
TYPCHURH, CHURCHTX, NUMINFRM
Number a member of (by type) NUMSCHL, NUMHOBBY,
NUMGREEK, NUMNAT, NUMFARM, NUMLIT,
NUMPROF, NUMCHURH, NUMOTHER,
NUMINFRM
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
Years a member of (by type) YRFRAT1, YRFRAT2, YRFRAT3, YRFRAT4

YRSERV1, YRSERV2, YRSERV3, YRSERV4
YRSERV5, YRSERV6, YRSERV7, YRSERV8
YRVET1, YRVET2, YRVET3, YRVET4, YRVET5
YRPOLIT1, YRPOLIT2, YRPOLIT3, YRUNION1
YRUNION2, YRUNION3, YRUNION4, YRSPORT1
YRSPORT2, YRSPORT3, YRSPORT4
YRSPORT5, YRSPORT6, YRYOUTH1
YRYOUTH2, YRYOUTH3, YRYOUTH4,
YRYOUTH5, YRSCHL1, YRSCHL2, YRSCHL3
YRSCHL4, YRHOBBY1, YRHOBBY2, YRHOBBY3
YRGREEK1, YRGREEK2, YRGREEK3, YRNAT1,
YRNAT2, YRNAT3, YRFARM1, YRFARM2,
YRFARM3, YRLIT1, YRLIT2, YRLIT3, YRLIT4,
YRPROF1, YRPROF2, YRPROF3, YRPROF4,
YRPROF5, YRPROF6, YRCHURH1
YRCHURH2, YRCHURH3, YRCHURH4,
YRCHURH5, YRCHURH6, YROTHER1,
YROTHER2, YROTHER3, YROTHER4
YROTHER5, YRINFRM1, YRINFRM2, YRINFRM3
YRINFRM4, YRINFRM5
R activities in organization SERVEGRP, LEADGRP, GIVEGRP, ATTNDGRP,
WRITEGRP, LOBBYGRP
MTFRAT1, MTFRAT2, MTFRAT3, MTFRAT4
MTSERV1, MTSERV2, MTSERV3, MTSERV4, MTSERV5, MTSERV6, MTSERV7,
MTSERV8, MTVET1, MTVET2, MTVET3, MTVET4, MTVET5
MTPOLIT1, MTPOLIT2, MTPOLIT3,
MTUNION1, MTUNION2, MTUNION3, MTUNION4
MTSPORT1, MTSPORT2, MTSPORT3, MTSPORT4, MTSPORT5, MTSPORT6
MTYOUTH1, MTYOUTH2, MTYOUTH3, MTYOUTH4, MTYOUTH5
MTSCHL1, MTSCHL2, MTSCHL3, MTSCHL4
MTHOBBY1, MTHOBBY2, MTHOBBY3
MTGREEK1, MTGREEK2, MTGREEK3
MTNAT1, MTNAT2, MTNAT3
MTFARM1, MTFARM2, MTFARM3
MTLIT1, MTLIT2, MTLIT3, MTLIT4
MTPROF1, MTPROF2, MTPROF3, MTPROF4, MTPROF5, MTPROF6
MTCHURH1, MTCHURH2, MTCHURH3, MTCHURH4, MTCHURH5, MTCHURH6
MTOTHER1, MTOTHER2, MTOTHER3, MTOTHER4, MTOTHER5, MTOTHER6
MTINFRM1, MTINFRM2, MTINFRM3, MTINFRM4, MTINFRM5,
MEMFRAT, MEMSERV
R's friends in voluntary associations (social network) BTHGRP2A, BTHGRP2B, BTHGRP2C, BTHGRP2D, BTHGRP2E, BTHGRP22F,
BTHGRP3A, BTHGRP3B, BTHGRP3C, BTHGRP3D, BTHGRP3E, BTHGRP33F,
FRSTGRP1, FRSTGRP2, FRSTGRP3, FRSTGRP4, FRSTGRP5,
WHOELSE1, WHOELSE2, WHOELSE3, WHOELSE4, WHOELSE5, WHOELSE6
Voluntary contributions of money/property in last GIVHLTH, GIVEDUC, GIVRELIG, GIVHUMAN,
year GIVENVIR, GIVPUB, GIVREC, GIVART, GIVWORK,
GIVPOL, GIVYOUTH, GIVFOUND, GIVINTL,
GIVINFRM, GIVOTH, GIVECONG, GIVEREL,
GIVEOTH, GIVEARTS
Total value of monetary/property contributions TOTHLTH, TOTEDUC, TOTRELIG, TOTHUMAN,
contributions TOTENVIR, TOTPUB, TOTREC, TOTART,
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
TOTWORK, TOTPOL, TOTYOUTH, TOTFOUND,

TOTINTL, TOTINFRM, TOTOTH
Total value of property contributions alone VALHLTH, VALEDUC, VALRELIG, VALHUMAN,
VALENVIR, VALPUB, VALREC, VALART, VALWORK,
VALPOL, VALYOUTH, VALFOUND, VALINTL,
VALINFRM, VALOTH
Volunteer work
Charitable activities VOLWKCHR, MEMYOUTH
Other activities VOLWKOTH, MEMSERV, MEMOTHR
Political activities VOLWKPOL, PARTPOL, MEMPOLIT
Religious activities VOLWKREL
See also RELIGION
Voting, See POLITICAL
WAGE/PRICE CONTROLS SETWAGE, SETPRICE, PRICECON
War, See FOREIGN AFFAIRS, UNITED STATES
Wealth, See INCOME
Weapons, See GUN, DISARMAMENT
WEEKS WORKED
By R in the past year WEEKSWRK
See also HOURS WORKED, EMPLOYMENT,
LABOR FORCE STATUS, WORK
Weight, See SAMPLE
WELFARE
Attitudes on WELFARE1, WELFARE2, WELFARE3, WELFARE4, WELFARE5, WELFARE6
Government help to poor GOVJOBS, GOVLESS, GOVUNEMP
R receives/received public aid? GOVAID, GETAID
Workfare WORKFARE, LESSFARE
See also ASIANS, BLACKS, HISPANICS, INCOME,
POVERTY, RACE, SOUTHERN WHITES,
UNITED STATES, ECONOMY, SPENDING,
IMMIGRATION
WHITES
Characteristics ascribed to...
Attitudes to welfare FAREWHTS
Attitudes to work WORKWHTS
Commitment to fair and equal treatment of all groups FAIRWHTS
Commitment to family FAMWHTS
Influence of INFLUWHT
Intelligence of INTLWHTS
Patriotism of PATRWHTS
Proneness to violence VIOLWHTS
Wealth of WLTHWHTS
Different from other ethnic groups WHTSDIFF
Estimated percentage in local community COMWHT
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
Estimated percentage in US USWHT

Feel close to whites CLOSEWHT
Feel warm/cool toward . . . FEELWHTS
Know any. . . KNWWHT
Feel close to WHTCLS
How know (school, community, related work) WHTSCHL, WHTCOM, WHTREL, WHTWRK
Number of Whites R knows…
at work ACQWKWHT
in family ACQFMWHT
in general ACQWHITE
in neighborhood ACQNHWHT
through voluntary organizations ACQVAWHT
Number if Whites R trusts TRTWHITE
Living in neighborhood LIVENO, LIVEWHTS
Population will grow WHTCHNG
Relative marrying MARNO, MARWHT
See also ETHNICITY, RACE
WIRETAPPING WIRTAP, CRIMTAP, MANTAP, BUGGING
WOMEN
Benefits/Hurts from traditional household WOMENBEN, WOMENHRT
arrangement
Feminism FEMINIST
Effects on people's lives HMEMAKER, WRKCLASS, MANPROF, MEN,
CHILDREN, YOURSELF
Feminist groups FEGAINS
Feminist news FENEWS
Government help FEHLPBUS, FEHLPCOL, FEHLPJOB
Housewives HOMEKID, HOUSEWRK
Influence FEINFLU
In politics FEHOME, FEPOL, FEPOLY
Job promotions SEXPROMO, FEJOBAFF, FEHIRE
Affirmative action FEJOBAFF, DISCAFFM, DISCAFFW
Married women's pay vs. husbands' SEXPROMO, FEJOBAFF, FEHIRE
Married women and husbands' career FEWORK, FECHLD, FEFAM, FEBEAR, FEWORKIF, HUBBYWK1, MRMOM
Minister FEPRIEST, FECLERGY
Opportunities, college, jobs, income FECOLOP, FEJOBOP, OPSEX
Partner's pay relative to R EARNMORE
President FEPRES
Reasons why women are more likely FEKIDS1, FEKIDS2, FEKIDS3, FEKIDS4, FEKIDS5
than men to take care of children
Saliency of women's rights issues FEIMP, FEINFO, FEFIRM, SALFERGT
Sex role scale items FECHLD, FEHELP, FEPRESCH, FEFAM, FEBEAR
Stay at home FEHOME, WRKNOKID, WRKBABY, WRKSCH
Who decides about having children MEBEAR, FEBEAR
Women's rights
Concern about FECARE
Firmness of opinion on FEFIRM
Importance to R FEIMP
R's information about FEINFO
Working FEWORK, FEWORKIF, FEJOBIND, TWOINCS,
HUBBYWRK, ILIKEJOB, FEWRKSUP, TWOINCS1
Hiring preferences FEHIRE
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
Reasons for pay differences with men FELESS1, FELESS2, FELESS3

Working women and children FECHLD, FEPRESCH, MAWRKWRM,
KIDSUFFR, FAMSUFFR, HAPIFWRK, HOMEKID, HOUSEWRK,
WRKNOKID, WRKBABY, WRKSCH, WRKGROWN,
MEOVRWRK, MEHHWORK, MEKDCARE,
FEWKNOKD, RWRKNOKD, RWRKBABY,
RWRKSCH, RWRKGRWN
See also EQUAL RIGHTS AMENDMENT, FAMILY,
MARRIAGE, MILITARY, PARENTS, RAPE, SEX
Women's health, see ABORTION, BIRTH CONTROL
WORK
Absence ABSENT
Attitudes
Dedication/Pride in job HELPORG1, PRIDEORG, CHNGWORK, STAYORG3
PROUDWRK
Effort at work IWRKHARD, WRKWELL, WRKMUCH, PHYEFFRT
Balancing work and family BALWKFAM, TIREDHME, JOBVSFAM, TIREDWRK
Commuting COMMUTE
Company stock R bought BUYVALUE
Conflict with family REFPROMO, REFMORWK, REFXHOUR,
WORKLESS, NOATHOME, NONURSE, NOHMEWRK
Currently working WORKNOW
Currently working for pay CURWKPAY
Determinants of pay for the same kind of work PAYDOJOB, PAYFAM, PAYEDUC, PAYTIME
Discrimination WKAGEISM, WKRACISM, WKSEXISM
Experienced sexual harassment SEXHAR, WKHARSEX, WKHAROTH
Family at work WKFAMBIZ
Family life SELFEMP2
Get ahead GETAHEAD, GETAHEAY
Important characteristics of job
Income JOBINC, JOBPAY, HIINC
Job security JOBKEEP, JOBSEC, SECJOB
Short hours JOBHOUR, LEISURE
Opportunity for advancement JOBPROMO, JOBRISE, PROMOTN
Sense of accomplishment JOBMEANS
Prestige JOBHONOR
Flexible hours FLEXTIME, FLEXHRS
Time off to new parents PARLEAVE
Interesting work INTJOB
Independence WRKINDP
Helping others HLPOTHS
Social usefulness HLPSOC
Job market JOBFIND, JOBFIND1
Likelihood of changing jobs TRYNEWJB
R's job
Annual wages higher or lower than average COMPWAGE
Compensation, other (2005) OPS2005, EXTR2005
Discrimination due to sexual orientation NEGJOB5
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
Harassment by job supervisors HARSEXJB, SPVTRFAIR

Hours worked HRS1, HRS2
Ignored IGNORWK
Job responsibilities JOBCNTRL, WRKINDEP, LOTTOSAY, IDECIDE,
AUTOMATN, AUTONOJB, MONITRED, OFFSUP,
YOUSUP, SUPOTHRS, LEVELS, TOTSUP,
SUPDUTY1, SUPDUTY2, SUPDUTY3, SUPDUTY4, SUPDUTY5,
SUPDUTY6, SUPDUTY7,
OTHDUTY1, OTHDUTY2, OTHDUTY3, OTHDUTY4,
OTHDUTY5, OTHDUTY6, OTHDUTY7,
ORGMONEY, TOTMONEY, YOUMONEY
Jokes JOKESWK
Last month worked LASTWKMO
Last year worked LASTWKYR
Lying LIEDCWKR
Meeting face-to-face with clients/co-workers MEETF2F1, MEETF2F2
New jobs created are better than R's NEWJOBS
Number of employees at organization NUMORG
Overtime MOREDAYS, MUSTWORK
Private/not-for-profit/government job WORKFOR
Response WKRSPNS
Rudeness RUDEWK
Rumors RUMORWK
Salaried or hourly WAYPAID
Satisfaction SATJOB, JOBSAT, SATJOB7
Schedule WRKSCHED, CHNGTIME
Control over SETHOURS, CHNGTIME, FAMWKOFF, CHNGTIME
Preferred WANTJOB1
Respondent WEEKSWRK, WORKDY, WORKHR
Sexual orientation, how many co-workers know TOLDWORK
Supervisory status WKSUB, WKSUBS, WKSUP, WKSUPS, JOBJUDGE,
QUANTITY, QUALITY
Team involvement TALKTEAM, EMPINPUT, SLFMANGD
Temporary/contract/permanent job WKTENURE
Training, formal EMPTRAIN, SKLTRAIN
Weeks worked in past year WEEKSWRK
Work at home WRKHOME, WHYWKHME
Years at current job YEARSJOB
Reasons for pay differences between the sexes FELESS1, FELESS2, FELESS3
Role of work in life IMPJOB, WRKEARN, WRKENJOY, WRKIMP
Security JOBLOSE
Self-employed vs. employees SELFEMP1
Importance of trade unions for UNJOBSEC
Self-employment
Child of R.'s KDWRKSLF
Father PAWRKSLF
Mother MAWRKSLF
Respondent WRKSLF, EMPSELF
Appendix V
SUBJECT MNEMONICS
First job WRKSLFST

Sibling SBWRKSLF
Skills
Developed through education EDCSKILL
Developed through work experience JOBSKILL, RIMPSKLS
Used in present job USESKILL
Spouse SPWRKSLF, SPDAYS, SPHOUR
Current spouse's parent SPHEDSLF
Success in work life WORKLIFE
Technology's effect on work/jobs TECHJOBS, TECHWORK
Time and stress TIMEHOME, STRSSHME, TIMEWORK, STRSSWRK , STRREDPG
FAMVSWRK, JOBVSFA1, FAMVSWK1
Unions, improvement of working conditions UNBETTER
Wealth, R's total WEALTH
Where R works PLACEWRK
Work and children WKKIDSCL, WKYNGSCL, WKKIDSCS, WKYNGSCS
Work if rich RICHWORK
Work status of spouse during various
stages of family life SPWKNOKD, SPWKBABY, SPWRKSCH, SPWKGRWN
See also CONFIDENCE, DEMONSTRATIONS,
D.O.T. CODES, EMPLOYMENT,
HOURS WORKED, JOB, LABOR FORCE STATUS,
OCCUPATION, OCCUPATIONAL PRESTIGE,
OPPORTUNITY, LABOR UNIONS, WOMEN,
MILITARY
WORLD EVENTS
Most important MOSTIMP1, MOSTIMP2, MOSTIMP3, MOSTIMP4
WORLD VIEW
World and human nature WORLD1, WORLD2, WORLD3, WORLD4, WORLD5, WORLD6, WORLD7
Course of our lives decided by God PREDETER
God exists and concerned with people personally THEISM
Life meaningful because God exists GODMEANS
Life serves no purpose NIHILISM
Make own fate OWNFATE
People can do little to change course of lives FATALISM
Provide meaning for own life EGOMEANS
See also RELIGION
World War, See UNITED STATES
World Wide Web, See COMPUTERS AND INTERNET
Zodiac, See ASTROLOGICAL SIGN

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ICPSR 35478 General Social Survey, 2012

Merged Data, Including a Cultural

Inter-university Consortium for

Information about Copyrighted Content

Note: Frequencies displayed for the variables are not

Summary statistics (minimum, maximum, mean, median, and

Value Label Unweighted %

2012 - 4820 100.0 %

Based upon 4,820 valid cases out of 4,820 total cases.

Location: 1-4 (width: 4; decimal: 0)

ID: RESPONDENT ID NUMBER

Based upon 4,820 valid cases out of 4,820 total cases.

Location: 5-9 (width: 5; decimal: 0)

Based upon 4,820 valid cases out of 4,820 total cases.

Location: 10-12 (width: 3; decimal: 0)

FEEUSED: FEE GIVEN TO GET CASE

Value Label Unweighted %

1 Yes, money 3193 66.2 %

Based upon 4,788 valid cases out of 4,820 total cases.

Location: 13-13 (width: 1; decimal: 0)

FEELEVEL: AMOUNT OF FEES PAID

Value Label Unweighted %

Based upon 3,193 valid cases out of 4,820 total cases.

Location: 14-16 (width: 3; decimal: 0)

DATEINTV: DATE OF INTERVIEW

Value Label Unweighted %

Based upon 4,820 valid cases out of 4,820 total cases.

Location: 17-20 (width: 4; decimal: 0)

LNGTHINV: HOW LONG WAS INTERVIEW

30 30 min or less 35 0.7 %

Based upon 4,820 valid cases out of 4,820 total cases.

Location: 21-23 (width: 3; decimal: 0)

INTAGE: AGE OF INTERVIEWER

Value Label Unweighted %

25 25 years old 24 0.5 %

Based upon 4,819 valid cases out of 4,820 total cases.

Location: 24-25 (width: 2; decimal: 0)

INTETHN: RACE OF INTERVIEWER

Value Label Unweighted %

1 White 3627 75.2 %

Location: 26-26 (width: 1; decimal: 0)

MODE: INTERVIEW DONE IN-PERSON OR OVER THE PHONE

Value Label Unweighted %

1 In-person 4047 84.0 %

Based upon 4,811 valid cases out of 4,820 total cases.

Location: 27-27 (width: 1; decimal: 0)

INTSEX: SEX OF INTERVIEWER

Value Label Unweighted %

1 Male 889 18.4 %

Based upon 4,819 valid cases out of 4,820 total cases.

Location: 28-28 (width: 1; decimal: 0)

INTYRS: YEARS OF SERVICE AS AN INTERVIEWER AT NORC

Value Label Unweighted %

Based upon 4,819 valid cases out of 4,820 total cases.

Location: 29-30 (width: 2; decimal: 0)

CONSENT: PARTICIPATION/RECORDING CONSENT

The following topics may be sensitive for you, and you

(IF NEEDED: We can break up the interview into different sections if

Your participation is voluntary. However, all information that you

Parts of this interview may be recorded for quality control purposes.

Value Label Unweighted %

1 R consents to recording interview 4260 88.4 %

Based upon 4,820 valid cases out of 4,820 total cases.