1. Join the sentences using a relative pronoun and the right punctuation.

Example: I’ve just failed my driving test. It’s a pity.

I’ve just failed my driving test, which is a pity.
1 They gave us a present. This was a complete surprise.
They gave us a present, which was a complete surprise.
2 My girlfriend is very intelligent. She’s an architect.
My girlfriend, who is architect, is very intelligent.
3 It’s too hot in my flat. This makes it impossible to sleep.
It’s too hot in my flat, which makes it impossible to sleep.
4 A car crashed into mine. It was a Mini.
The car that/which crashed into mine was a mini.
5 I spoke to a police officer. She was working on the reception desk. -
The police officer (that/who) I spoke to was working at the reception desk.
6 We only bought our computer two months ago. It keeps on crashing. -
Our computer, which we only bought two months ago, keeps on crashing.
7 I left some things on the table. They aren’t there anymore. -
The things which/that I left on the table aren’t there any more.
8 That’s the electrician. He did some work for my mother. -
That’s the electrician that/who did some work for my mother.
9 I’ve got two brothers. Neither of them can swim. -
I’ve got two brothers, neither of whom can swim
10 The houses are still in very good condition. Many of them were built in 1870. -
The houses, which were built in 1870, are still in very good condition.

2. Complete with who, which, where, or whose.

Mountain View is the area where Steve Jobs grew up.

[ ] 1 Rob and Corinna, who have twins, often need a babysitter.
[ ] 2 Downing Street, where the British Prime Minister lives, is in Central London.
[ ] 3 The sandwich which you made me yesterday was delicious. +
[ ] 4 The woman who/that lived here before us was a writer. +
[ ] 5 Stieg Larsson, whose books form the Millennium Trilogy, died in 2004.
[ ] 6 My computer is a lot faster than the one which/that you bought. +
[ ] 7 The Mona Lisa, which has been damaged several times, is now displayed behind
bulletproof glass.
[ ] 8 Look! That’s the woman whose dog bit me last week.
[ ] 9 On our last holiday we visited Stratford-Upon-Avon, where Shakespeare was born.
[ ] 10 We all went to the match except Marianne, who doesn’t like football.
[ ] 11 That man who/that you saw at the party was my boyfriend! +
[ ] 12 That’s the park where I learnt to ride a bike.

3. Look at the sentences in exercise above. Put [+] next to the sentences where you could use
that instead of who/which. Choose the relative pronouns which could be left out.

In the sentences 3, 4, 6 and 11 I could use that instead of who/which

4. Add commas where necessary in the sentences.

Caroline, who lives next door to me, is beautiful.

1. This is the place where John crashed his car.
2. The castle that we visited yesterday was amazing.
3. Beijing, which is one of the world’s biggest cities, hosted the 2008 Olympic Games.
4. Michael Jackson’s Thriller, which was released in 1982, was one of the best-selling albums of
the 80s.
5. These are the shoes which I’m wearing to the party tonight.
6. Sally and Joe, who got married last year, are expecting their first baby.

5. Underline the correct answers. One, two, or three of the answers may be correct. (— means
‘no relative pronoun’).

1 The referee showed a red card to the players that / who / — had been fighting.
2 This is the room that / where / which the players get changed.
3 He only scored two goals last season, both that / of which / which were penalties.
4 She’s the model which / who / whose husband plays basketball for the NBA.
5 The surface where / which / — Spanish tennis players like best is clay.
6 We lost the final 3-2, that / which / — was a shame.
7 That’s the match that / which / — I saw live at their stadium.
8 Our coach doesn’t know that / what / which is wrong with our best player.
9 My sister, that / who / — once played hockey for England, has recently qualified as a P.E.
teacher.
10 The woman who / whom / to whom he dedicated the goal is his new girlfriend.
11 The woman he dedicated the goal to is his new girlfriend (more informal).

6. Join the sentences using a relative pronoun if necessary and the right punctuation if it is a
non-defining relative clause.

1 A friend gave us the tickets. He couldn’t go to the match.

The friend who gave us the tickets couldn't go to the match.
2 My cousin is a cross-country runner. He has been given a scholarship by an American
university.
My cousin, who is a cross-country runner, has been given a scholarship by an American
university.
3 There’s been a frost. This means that the match will probably be cancelled.
There's been a frost, what means that the match will probably be canceled.
4 Our team has two goalkeepers. Neither of them can play next weekend.
Our team has two goalkeepers, neither of whom can play next weekend.
5 I’ve only had these trainers for a week. They’ve broken already.
These trainers, which I’ve only had for a week, have broken already.
6 We spoke to a steward. He directed us to our seats.
We spoke to a steward, who directed us to our seats.
7 I bought a new racket for my son. It wasn’t very expensive.
The racket which/that I bought for my son wasn't very expensive.
8 The showers are very rarely cleaned. Many of them do not work properly.
The showers, many of which do not work properly, are very rarely cleaned.