MODULE III

TOPICS: Present perfect simple, How long?, Since, For, Conditional

type 1, Sports, Be able to, Adverbs, Quantifiers

FUNCTIONS:
To express and interchange ideas about the present perfect simple, by
using a vocabulary of animals, jobs, sports and food.

AUTOR: HAROLD AGUILAR

Todos Los Derechos Reservados

Centro de Ambientes Virtuales
Universidad Autónoma del Caribe CopyRight ©
Curso 2011
 ÍNDICE

INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................... 3
1. PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE .......................................................................................... 4
2. HOW LONG? ........................................................................................................................ 5
2.1. Since ................................................................................................................................... 5
3. FOR ........................................................................................................................................ 5
4. CONDITIONAL SENTENCES TYPE 1 ............................................................................. 5
5. TO BE ABLE TO = CAN ...................................................................................................... 6
6. ADVERBS OF MANNER ..................................................................................................... 6
7. WH QUESTIONS. ................................................................................................................ 7
8. QUANTIFIERS. ..................................................................................................................... 7
BIBLIOGRAPHY ........................................................................................................................... 9

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 INTRODUCTION

The objective of this unit is that the students develop communicative abilities about
the following topics:

 Present perfect simple.

 How long?
 Since.
 For.
 Conditional type 1.
 Sports.
 Be able to.
 Adverbs.
 Quantifiers.
 Vocabulary.

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 UNIDAD 3

1. PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE

It is formed with the verb HAVE and the past participle of the main verb of the
sentence.

1. It is used for actions that happened in the past, but they are not mentioned
exactly.

Example: Alice has visited the Metropolitan Theater.

2. For actions which happened in the past and their results are evident in the
present.

Example: What a game! Junior has scored a great goal.

3. With the words: HOW LONG?, SINCE and FOR.

Example: How long have you played soccer?

I have played soccer SINCE 2008.

I have played soccer FOR three years.

Affirmative: He she it has worked I we you they have worked

Negative: He she it hasn’t worked I we you they haven’t worked

Questions: Has he she it worked? Have I we you they worked?

Aff. Short answers: Yes, he she it has I we you they have

Neg. Short answers: No, he she it hasn’t I we you they haven’t

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 2. HOW LONG?

This question is used to ask for the time an action has occurred.

Example: How long have you studied English?

2.1. Since

A specific point in time.

Example: I have lived in Colombia since 2005.

3. FOR

Length / period of time.

Since or for and the present perfect are used to talk about something that began
in the past and continues until now.

Example: I have been in Colombia for six years.

4. CONDITIONAL SENTENCES TYPE 1

They are used for something that is possible to occur in the present or future.

Structure:

IF PRESENT CLAUSE FUTURE CLAUSE

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Example: If I have money, I will buy that car.

If you study hard, you will pass the exam.

5. TO BE ABLE TO = CAN

It is used to express ability and forms all tenses. It is mainly used in tenses where
CAN, can not be used (future present perfect, etc).

Example: The soccer.

-Team will be able to win the game.

-They haven’t been able to de their homework.

6. ADVERBS OF MANNER

They are used to describe how something happens.

Example: My mother drives her car carefully.

They are formed

a) By adding - Ly to the adjective

Example: Nice ----- nicely

b) Adjectives ending in a consonant -y, drop the y and take –ily

Example: Happy ----- happily.

c) Adjectives ending in –le, drop the –e and take –ily

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 Example: Horrible ----horribly.

d) Irregular adverbs

Good ----- well

Fast ---- fast
Hard ----- hard
Late ----- late
Early ----- early

7. WH QUESTIONS.

How much?

It is used with uncountable nouns.

Example: How much cheese do you need to prepare the pizza?

How many? (¿cuántos?)

It is used with uncountable nouns.

.

Example: How many books do you have?

8. QUANTIFIERS.

Much

It is used with uncountable nouns.

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Example: I don´t have much money.

Many

It is used with plural countable nouns, usually in questions and in negative

sentences.

Example: Paola doesn’t have many cd’s.

A lot of - lots of.

They are used with uncountable and plural countable nouns, usually in affirmative
sentences.

Examples:

There are lots of pears on the table.

There is a lot of the cheese in the fridge

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BIBLIOGRAPHY