VOCABULARY OF BOOK 20 LESSON 1

Term Cat Definition/Explanation Meaning

a good deal of e a lot of ‫ﻛﻣﯾﺔ ﻛﺑﯾرة ﻣن‬
a great deal of e a lot of ‫ﻣﻘدار ﻛﺑﯾر ﻣن‬
altogether a in all ‫ ﺑﻛﺎﻣﻠﮫ‬،ً‫ ﺟﻣﯾﻌﺄ‬،ً‫ﻣﻌﺎ‬
apart a in pieces ‫ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣد‬،‫ ﺑﻣﻌزل‬،‫ﺑﻌﯾدا‬
،‫ﺑﻐض اﻟﻧظر ﻋن‬
apart from p with the exception of
‫ ﻧﺎھﯾك ﻣن‬،‫ﺑﻣﻌزل ﻋن‬
bake v to cook food in an oven ‫ﯾَ ْﺧ ِﺑ ُز‬
baked j cooked in an oven ‫ﻣﺧﺑوز‬
‫ ﯾﺗﺣول‬،‫ ﯾﺻر‬،ِ‫ﯾﺟري ﻟـ‬
became of v happen to
‫اﻷﻣر إﻟﻰ‬
bet n wager/agreement ‫ رھﺎن‬،‫ﻣراھﻧﺔ‬
wager, also informal to mean something is
bet/bet/bet v ‫ ﯾﻘﺎﻣر‬،‫ ﯾﺧﺎطر‬،‫ﯾراھن‬
probably true
‫ ﯾرﺳل‬،‫ ﯾﺳﺗﻠزم‬،ِ‫ﯾﺣﺗﺎج ﻟـ‬
call for v require
‫ﻓﻲ طﻠب‬
،‫ﻟم ﯾﺳﺗطﯾﻊ أن ﯾﺗﻣﺎﻟك‬
can't help e unable to refrain from
‫ﯾﻣﺳك ﻧﻔﺳﮫ‬
،‫ ﯾﺧﻠط‬،‫ ﯾﺗﺣد‬،‫ﯾﻧدﻣﺞ‬
combine v mix together
‫ﯾﺟﻣﻊ‬
cost n price/amount paid/asked ‫ ﺗﻛﻠﻔﺔ‬،‫ﺛﻣن‬
create v make, produce ‫ ﯾﺻﻧﻊ‬،‫ ﯾﺧﺗﻠﻖ‬،‫ﯾﺑﺗﻛر‬
‫ ﯾﺗوﻗف‬،‫ﯾﻌﺗﻣد ﻋﻠﻰ‬
depend on v be contingent on
ِ‫ ﯾﺗﻌﻠﻖ ﺑـ‬،‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬
feel like e would like to ِ‫ ﯾﺷﻌر ﺑـ‬،ِ‫ﯾﺣس ﺑرﻏﺑﺔ ﻟـ‬
fried j cooked in hot fat or oil ‫َﻣ ْﻘﻠﻲ‬
from time to
e sometimes ‫ﻣن وﻗت ﻵﺧر‬
time
fry v to cook in hot fat or oil ‫ﯾَ ْﻘﻠﻲ‬
give/gave/given
v make a gift of ‫ ﯾوھب‬،ً‫ﯾﻌطﻲ ﻣﺟﺎﻧﺎ‬
away
grill v to cook over a fire ‫ﯾَ ْﺷوي‬
‫ ﻣواد‬،‫ ﻣﻘﺎﺿﻲ‬،‫ﺳﻠﻊ‬
groceries n items sold at a grocery store
‫ﻏذاﺋﯾﺔ‬
‫ ﻣﺣﺗوى‬،‫ ﻋﻧﺻر‬،‫ﻣﻛوﻧﺔ‬
ingredient n one of the parts of a mixture
(‫)ﻣﺣﺗوﯾﺎت‬
jar n glass container ‫إﻧﺎء زﺟﺎﺟﻲ‬
paper/cloth attached to something for ‫ﻣﻠﺻﻖ أو ورﻗﺔ ﻟﻠﺗﻌرﯾف‬
label n
identification ‫ﺑﺷﻲء ﻣﺎ‬
list n series of items in order ‫ ﻛﺷف‬،‫ﻗﺎﺋﻣﺔ‬
list v make a list of ‫ ﯾﻔﺻل‬،‫ ﯾﺳرد‬،‫ﯾﻌد ﻗﺎﺋﻣﺔ‬
mix v put ingredients together ‫ ﯾﻣﺗزج‬،‫ﯾﺧﻠط‬
mixture n product of mixing ‫ ﻣزﯾﺞ‬،‫ﺧﻠﯾط‬
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 Term Cat Definition/Explanation Meaning
most r almost all ‫ أﻏﻠب‬،‫ﻣﻌظم‬
mostly a chiefly/for the most part ً ‫ ﻋﻣوﻣﺎ‬،‫ﺧﺎﺻﺔ‬
،‫ ﺗﺣت اﻟﯾد‬،‫ﻓﻲ اﻟﻣﺗﻧﺎول‬
on hand e available for use now
‫ﻣﺗوﻓر‬
purchase n act of buying, anything bought ‫ﺷراء‬
purchase v to buy ‫ﯾﺷﺗري‬
put/put/put off v postpone ‫ﯾؤﺟل‬
quantity n an amount ‫ ﻣﻘدار‬،‫ﻛﻣﯾﺔ‬
raw j uncooked ‫ ﻏﯾر ﻧﺎﺿﺞ‬،‫ﻧﻲء‬
list of things needed and directions for
recipe n ‫وﺻﻔﺔ ﻟﺗﺣﺿﯾر اﻟطﻌﺎم‬
preparing food
separate j not together/different ‫ ﻣﺧﺗﻠف‬،‫ ﻣﻧﻌزل‬،‫ﻣﻧﻔﺻل‬
separate v to become divided, or divide into parts ‫ ﯾﻔرق‬،‫ ﯾﻘﺳم‬،‫ﯾﻔﺻل‬
set n number of things, etc. that form a group ‫ ﻣﺟﻣوﻋﺔ‬،‫ زﻣرة‬،‫طﻘم‬
‫ ﯾﻣزج‬،‫ﯾﺣرك اﻟطﻌﺎم‬
stir v mix using a spoon, etc.
‫ﺑﺎﻟﺗﺣرﯾك‬
tear/tore/torn
v pull apart/to pieces by force ‫ ﯾﺳﺗﺄﺻل‬،‫ﯾﻣزق‬
(up)
thus a therefore ‫ ھﻛذا‬،‫ ﻟذا‬،‫ وﻋﻠﯾﮫ‬،‫ﺑﺎﻟﺗﺎﻟﻲ‬
vitamin n chemical substance found in foods ‫ﻓﯾﺗﺎﻣﯾن‬

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 VOCABULARY OF BOOK 20 LESSON 2
Term Cat Definition/Explanation Meaning
additional j in addition, added, extra ‫إﺿﺎﻓﻲ‬
alert j watchful, quick to notice and act ‫ ﻣﺘﺄھﺐ‬،‫ ﺣﺬر‬،‫ﻣﺘﯿﻘﻆ‬
alert v warn as to be ready ‫ ﯾﻨﺒﮫ‬،‫ ﯾﺤﺬر‬،‫ﯾﻨﺬر‬
ally n person/country joined with another ‫ ﺣﻠﻒ‬،‫ﺣﻠﯿﻒ‬
attack n act of force intended to hurt ‫ اﻋﺘﺪاء‬،‫ھﺠﻮم‬
attack v act upon harmfully ‫ ﯾﻌﺘﺪي‬،‫ﯾﮭﺎﺟﻢ‬
authorize v give power, authority to ‫ ﯾﺨﻮل‬،‫ﯾﻔﻮض‬
battle n conflict ‫ ﺻﺮاع‬،‫ﻣﻌﺮﻛﺔ‬
border n line between nations; edge ‫ طﺮف‬،‫ ﺣﺪ‬،‫ﺣﺪود‬
‫ ﯾﺴﺘﺤﻀﺮ إﻟﻰ‬،‫ﯾﺴﺘﺪﻋﻰ‬
call up v summon for duty
‫اﻟﺨﺪﻣﺔ‬
combat n battle ‫ﻗﺘﺎل‬
defend v guard from attack; protect ‫ ﯾﺼﻮن‬،‫ﯾﺪاﻓﻊ‬
defense n something that defends against attack ‫دﻓﺎع‬
define v give meaning, describe in detail ‫ ﯾﻌﺮف‬،‫ﯾﺤﺪد‬
enemy n person, etc., hostile to another ‫ﻋﺪو‬
enter into conflict; take part in or ‫ ﯾﺸﺘﺮك‬،‫ ﯾﺮﺗﺒﻂ‬،‫ﯾﺸﺘﺒﻚ‬
engage v
participate in ‫ﻓﻲ‬
freedom n state of being free ‫ﺣﺮﯾﺔ‬
maintain v keep in a certain state; defend/support ‫ ﯾﺼﻮن‬،‫ﯾﺤﺎﻓﻆ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
a person or country that belongs to a
member n ‫ﻋﻀﻮ‬
ُ
group or organization
neutral j supporting neither side ‫ﻣﺤﺎﯾﺪ‬
‫ ﻋﻠﻰ‬،‫ وﻣﻊ ذﻟﻚ‬،‫إﻻ أن‬
nevertheless a however,
‫اﻟﺮﻏﻢ ﻣﻦ‬
notify v tell/inform ‫ ﯾﻔﯿﺪ‬،‫ ﯾﺸﻌﺮ‬،‫ﯾﺒﻠﻎ‬
on alert e ready for danger, etc. ‫ ﻋﻠﻰ اﺳﺘﻌﺪاد‬،‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺄھﺐ‬
peace n absence of conflict ‫ﺳﻼم‬
property n anything owned, especially land ‫ ﻣﻠﻚ‬،‫ ﻣﻤﺘﻠﻜﺎت‬،‫ﻣﻠﻜﯿﺔ‬
secure j free from danger ‫أﻣﻦ‬
‫ ﺗﺪاﺑﯿﺮ‬،‫ ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺔ‬،‫أﻣﺎن‬
security n protection
‫ﻟﻠﻮﻗﺎﯾﺔ ﻣﻦ‬
to reach an agreement; take up ،‫ ﯾﻮطﺪ‬،‫ ﯾﺴﺘﻘﺮ‬،‫ﯾﺴﺘﻮطﻦ‬
settle v
permanent residence ‫ ﯾﺤﺴﻢ اﻻﻣﺮ‬،‫ﯾﺮﺳﺦ‬
situation n condition/circumstance ‫ وﺿﻊ‬،‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬
take control of e assume control of ‫ ﯾﺴﯿﻄﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ‬،‫ﯾﺘﻮﻟﻰ‬
take sides e support a group or person over another ِ‫ ﯾﺘﺤﯿﺰ ﻟـ‬،‫ﯾﺆﯾﺪ‬
‫ﯾﺘﺨﺬ اﻟﺘﺪاﺑﯿﺮ أو‬
take steps e begin to act
‫اﻻﺟﺮاءات‬
take over v begin controlling ‫ ﯾﺴﺘﻮﻟﻲ‬،‫ﯾﺘﻮﻟﻰ اﻷﻣﺮ‬
a possible danger to someone or
threat n ‫ وﻋﯿﺪ‬،‫ﺗﮭﺪﯾﺪ‬
something
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 Term Cat Definition/Explanation Meaning
seem likely to happen and/or be a
threaten v ‫ﯾﺘﻮﻋﺪ‬/‫ﯾﮭﺪد‬
danger to someone or something
war n armed conflict/hostility ‫ﺣﺮب‬

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 VOCABULARY OF BOOK 20 LESSON 3
Term Cat Definition/Explanation Meaning
accelerate v increase the speed of ‫ﯾﺘﺴﺎرع‬
automatic j working by itself ‫آﻟﻲ‬
device which connects and disconnects
clutch n ‫ﻗﺎﺑﺾ اﻟﺠﯿﺮ‬
gears
coil n part of ignition system ‫ﻟَﻔّﺔ‬
combustion n act/process of burning ‫اﺣﺘﺮاق‬
The part of an engine in which a piston
cylinder n ‫اﺳﻄﻮاﻧﺔ‬
moves
distributor n part of ignition system ‫ﻣﻮزﻋﺔ أداة ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺤﺮك‬
،‫ ﯾﺘﺨﻠﺺ ﻣﻦ‬،‫ﯾﺰﯾﻞ‬
eliminate v remove, get rid of, omit
‫ﯾﻤﺤﻲ‬
exhaust n air, smoke which escapes from engine ‫ﻋﺎدم اﻟﺪﺧﺎن‬
device through which liquid/air is
filter n ‫ ﻣﺮﺷﺢ‬،‫ﻣﺼﻔﻲ‬
cleaned/strained
pass through a filter, or remove with a
filter v ‫ ﯾﺮﺷﺢ‬،‫ﯾﺼﻔﻲ‬
filter
fuel injector n device which sprays fuel into a cylinder ‫ﺣﺎﻗﻦ اﻟﻮﻗﻮد‬
function n purpose, job, or role ‫ اﺧﺘﺼﺎص‬،‫ ﻋﻤﻞ‬،‫ﺗﺸﻐﯿﻞ‬
gear n toothed wheel ‫ﺗﻌﺸﯿﻘﺔ اﻟﺴﯿﺎرة‬
ignite v catch fire, start to burn ‫ ﯾﺸﺘﻌﻞ‬،‫ ﯾﻮﻗﺪ‬،‫ﯾﺸﻌﻞ‬
ignition n starting system ‫ إﯾﻘﺎد‬،‫إﺷﻌﺎل‬
internal j of/on the inside ‫داﺧﻠﻲ‬
-ive af verb/noun + -ive = adj
line n metal, plastic, or rubber pipe ‫ﺧﻂ‬
manual j made, done, worked by hand ‫ﯾﺪوي‬
pedal n lever operated by foot ‫دواﺳﺔ‬
part of the engine that moves up and
piston n ‫ﻣﻜﺒﺲ‬
down inside of a cylinder
pressure n applied force ‫ ﻛﺒﺲ‬،‫ﺿﻐﻂ‬
process n system of operations ‫ أﺳﻠﻮب‬،‫ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺔ اﻟﺘﻘﺪم‬
provide v make something available, to supply ‫ ﯾﺤﺘﺎط‬،‫ ﯾﻮرد‬،‫ﯾﺰود‬
pump n device used to move liquid or gas ‫ﻣﻀﺨﺔ‬
pump v move fluids, gases to and from ‫ﯾﻀﺦ‬
purpose n reason or objective ‫ ﻏﺮض‬،‫ﻏﺎﯾﺔ‬
release v allow to come out/let go ‫ ﯾﻔﻚ‬،‫ ﯾﺨﻠﺺ‬،‫ﯾﺤﺮر‬
move from one person/place to another,
shift v ‫ ﯾﻐﯿﺮ‬،‫ ﯾﺘﺤﻮل‬،‫ﯾﺒﺪل‬
change position
spark n small flash of fire or electricity ‫ﺷﺮارة‬
spark plug n device which produces electrical sparks (‫ﺷﻤﻌﺔ اﻹﺷﻌﺎل )اﻟﺒﻼك‬
a manual transmission system;
standard j generally recognized as correct or ‫ ﻗﯿﺎﺳﻲ‬،‫ﻋﺎدي‬
acceptable
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 Term Cat Definition/Explanation Meaning
supply v furnish what is needed ‫ ﯾﺘﺪارك‬،‫ ﯾﻤﻮن‬،‫ﯾﺰود‬
arrangement of things to form a whole;
system n ‫ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﻣﺔ‬،‫ﻧﻈﺎم‬
method
-tive af verb/noun + -tive = adj
transmission n system of gears that transmits power ‫ﺟﮭﺎز ﻧﻘﻞ اﻟﺤﺮﻛﺔ‬
to pass power from one mechanical part ‫ ﯾﻨﻘﻞ‬،‫ﯾﺮﺳﻞ ﻣﻦ إﻟﻰ‬
transmit v
to another ‫اﻟﺤﺮﻛﺔ‬
a device used to control the flow of
valve n ‫ﺻﻤﺎم‬
liquids or gases

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 VOCABULARY OF BOOK 20 LESSON 4
Term Cat Definition/Explanation Meaning
align v bring into a straight line ‫ ﯾﻨﻈﻢ اﻟﻘﻮى‬،‫ﯾﺼﻄﻒ‬
chemical substance used to keep liquid
antifreeze n ‫ﻣﻘﺎوم اﻟﺘﺠﻤﺪ‬
from freezing
،‫ ﯾﺘﻨﺎﻗﻞ‬،‫ﯾﺪور ﻋﻠﻰ‬
circulate v move in a circuit and return
‫ﯾﺘﺪاول‬
coolant n fluid used for cooling engines ‫ﻣﺤﻠﻮل اﻟﺘﺒﺮﯾﺪ‬
defect n imperfection ‫ ﻗﺼﻮر‬،‫ ﻋﯿﺐ‬،‫ﺧﻠﻞ‬
defective j having defects ‫ ﻓﯿﮫ ﺧﻠﻞ أو ﻋﯿﺐ‬،‫ﻧﺎﻗﺺ‬
estimate n general guess ‫ ﺗﻘﯿﯿﻢ‬،‫ ﺗﺜﻤﯿﻦ‬،‫ﺗﻘﺪﯾﺮ‬
estimate v guess size, cost, etc. of ‫ ﯾﺴﺘﻨﺘﺞ‬،‫ ﯾﻘﯿﻢ‬،‫ ﯾﺜﻤﻦ‬،‫ﯾﻘﺪر‬
exterior n outside part of ‫اﻟﻤﻈﮭﺮ اﻟﺨﺎرﺟﻲ‬
fluid n liquid ‫ﺳﺎﺋﻞ‬
for the purpose
p with the goal of ‫ ﻟﻐﺮض‬،‫ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ‬
of
friction n rubbing of one object against another ‫اﺣﺘﻜﺎك‬
have a look at e examine ‫ ﯾﻨﻈﺮ إﻟﻰ‬،‫ﯾﻔﺤﺺ‬
in order to e with the purpose of ‫ ﻷﺟﻞ‬،‫ﻟﻜﻲ‬
interior n inside part of ‫ ﺟﻮف‬،‫اﻟﺪاﺧﻞ‬
liquid n fluid ‫ ﻣﺎدة ﺳﺎﺋﻠﺔ‬،‫ﺳﺎﺋﻞ‬
look over v examine quickly ‫ ﯾﻔﺤﺺ‬،‫ﯾﻌﺎﯾﻦ‬
lubricate v make slippery, apply a lubricant ‫ ﯾﺰﯾﺖ‬،‫ﯾﺸﺤﻢ‬
lubrication n the state of being lubricated ‫ ﺗﺰﯾﯿﺖ‬،‫ﺗﺸﺤﯿﻢ‬
maintenance n maintaining/being maintained ‫ ﺻﯿﺎﻧﺔ‬،‫ اﺣﺘﻔﺎظ‬،‫ﺻﻮن‬
malfunction n instance of malfunctioning ‫ ﺧﻠﻞ‬،‫ ﻋﺠﺰ‬،‫ﻗﺼﻮر‬
،‫ ﯾﻘﺼﺮ ﻋﻦ‬،‫ﯾﻌﺠﺰ ﻋﻦ‬
malfunction v fail to function as it should
‫ﯾﺘﻌﻄﻞ‬
device which indicates the total mileage
odometer n ‫ﻋﺪّاد اﻷﻣﯿﺎل‬
َ
or number of kilometers on vehicle
overhaul n a major repair job ‫ﻓﺤﺺ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‬
overheat v become excessively hot ‫ﯾﺴﺨﻦ أﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻤﺎ ﯾﻨﺒﻐﻲ‬
pipe n metal tube ‫ ﻗﺼﺒﺔ‬،‫أﻧﺒﻮب‬
rebuild v construct again ‫ ﯾﺮﻣﻢ‬،‫ ﯾﺠﺪد‬،‫ﯾﻌﯿﺪ ﺑﻨﺎء‬
regulate v control ‫ ﯾﺪﯾﺮ‬،‫ ﯾﻀﺒﻂ‬،‫ﯾﻨﻈﻢ‬
move along a surface with pressure and
rub v ‫ ﯾﺪﻟﻚ‬،ِ‫ﯾﺤﺘﻚ ﺑـ‬
friction
‫ ﯾﻘﺪم‬،‫ ﯾﻘﻮم ﺑﺼﯿﺎﻧﺔ‬،‫ﯾﺨﺪم‬
service v repair or provide maintenance for
ِ‫ﺧﺪﻣﺎت ﻟـ‬
so (that) c in order that ‫ ﺑﻐﯿﺔ‬،‫ ﻷن‬،‫ﻛﻲ‬
step on the ‫ﯾﺪﻋﺲ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺒﻨﺰﯾﻦ‬
e accelerate
gas (‫)ﯾﺴﺮع‬
surface n top or outer part ‫ﺳﻄﺢ‬

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 Term Cat Definition/Explanation Meaning
‫ ﯾﻠﻘﻲ ﻧﻈﺮة‬،‫ﯾﺘﻔﺤﺺ‬
take a look at e examine
‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬
thermostat n device used to regulate temperature ‫ﻣﻨﻈﻢ اﻟﺤﺮارة‬
used j secondhand, used before ‫ ﻣﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ‬،‫ﻣﺴﺘﺨﺪم‬
،‫ ﻣﻔﯿﺪ‬،‫ ﻧﺎﻓﻊ‬،‫ﺻﺎﻟﺢ‬
useful j that which can be used, helpful
‫ﻣﺴﺎﻋﺪ‬
wear and tear e damage resulting from use ‫ ﺑﺎﻟﻲ‬،‫ﯾﺘﻠﻒ‬
wear out v reduce to useless state ‫ ﯾﮭﻠﻚ‬،‫ ﯾﺘﺄﻛﻞ‬،‫ﯾﺘﻠﻒ‬
worn out j used until no longer effective ‫ ﻣﺮھﻖ‬،‫ ﺗﺎﻟﻒ‬،‫ﺑﺎﻟﻲ‬

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