User's Manual: TRAX Switch Box

TSX 300
TRAX Switch Box
User’s Manual
WWW.MEGGER.COM
Art No. ZP-AJ04E Doc. AJ034290BE V02a 2018

TSX 300

TRAX Switch Box

User’s Manual
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AJ034290BE ZP-AJ04E TSX 300 3

Contents
1 Safety 5.5 Turns ratio measurements................................. 22

.............................................................. 6 5.6 Excitation current measurements................26
1.1 General.........................................................6 5.7 Leakage reactance / short-circuit
Symbols on the instrument........................................... 6 impedance measurements – 3-phase
Precaution levels.......................................................... 6 equivalent...................................................27
1.2 Safety instructions.........................................6 5.8 Leakage reactance / short-circuit
2 Introduction impedance measurements – per phase........29
.............................................................. 8 6 Specifications
2.1 General.........................................................8 ............................................................ 34
2.2 Features and benefits....................................8 Index................................................................36
2.3 Warranty......................................................9
Warranty repair............................................................ 9
2.4 Receiving Instructions....................................9
3 Panel and cables
............................................................ 10
3.1 Panel TSX 300.............................................10
3.2 Cables........................................................10
Included cables.......................................................... 10
3.3 Optional cables...........................................11
TSX bushing cable set...................................... 11
TSX bushing cable set, Kelvin........................... 11
4 How to use TSX 300

............................................................ 12
4.1 General.......................................................12
Supported test modes................................................ 12
HV DC............................................................. 12
LV DC.............................................................. 12
HV AC............................................................. 12
4.2 Connecting TSX 300 for power
transformer winding resistance, turns
ratio and leakage reactance measurements.13
Connecting................................................................ 13
Disconnecting............................................................ 14
5 Switch sequence selection
............................................................ 16
5.1 General.......................................................16
5.2 Winding resistance measurements - single
channel.......................................................16
5.3 Transformer demagnetization.....................18
5.4 Winding resistance measurements,
dual-channel with simultaneous winding
magnetization (SWM)..................................19
4 TSX 300 ZP-AJ04E AJ034290BE


1 Safety
1 Safety
1.1 General 1.2 Safety instructions

▪▪Always follow the local safety regulations that apply to You must also read and follow the additional safety
work with high-voltage equipment. precautions in each appropriate section of the manu-
al.
▪▪Make certain that all personnel who work with
TSX 300 have been trained in its use and that all 1. Read / Follow / Retain all instructions
applicable safety precautions are taken.
▪▪Read and comply with the following instructions as well ▪▪All safety and operating instructions must be read
as the warnings and instructions on the TSX 300 control before using TSX 300.
panel. ▪▪All safety and operating instructions for TSX 300 must
▪▪Refer to IEEE 510 - 1983, “IEEE Recommended Practices be followed.
for Safety in High-Voltage and High-Power Testing,” for ▪▪All safety and operating instructions must be retained
information. for future reference.
2. Connecting
Symbols on the instrument
▪▪Always ground TSX 300
Caution, refer to accompanying docu- ▪▪When changing the connections make sure that
ments. current not can be generated accidently. Interlock 1
on TRAX must be locked.
Protective conductor terminal
▪▪Do not use within measurement categories II, III and
IV.
WEEE, Waste Electronic Equipment. Please ▪▪Use caution when working near bare conductors or
utilize your local WEEE collection facilities in bus bars.
the disposition of this product and otherwise
▪▪Always disconnect test leads from test specimen
observe all applicable requirements.
before attempting to disconnect them at the test set.
The unit can also be returned to Megger at
any time at no charge for the disposal. ▪▪When testing current transformer, dangerous
voltages can appear in the secondary circuits if they
Precaution levels are open.
The manual uses two precaution levels, WARNING and
Important. The messages will be in the following formats: 3. Separate ground wire
▪▪The TSX 300 case must also be grounded by the

Warning separate protective ground wire with connection to
Means you may risk possible bodily harm the Ground terminal on TRAX. Check the continuity
and damage to the test object and/or test of the protective ground wire before each use.
equipment. Make sure the connector is fastened properly to
the TSX 300 Protective Conductor terminal. Make
sure the connection point at the ground system is
fastened properly. Route the wire so that it is unlikely
Important
to be walked on or that it may loosen accidentally by
Means you risk damage to the test object someone or something moving near it.
and/or the test equipment.
▪▪The protective ground wire must not be loosened
while any connector is attached to test specimen
(e.g. power transformer).

1 Safety
4. Placement 11. Damage
▪▪TSX 300 must be situated away from any heat ▪▪Do not use TSX 300 if the test leads appear damaged.
sources such as radiators, heat registers, stoves, or
▪▪Do not continue using a damaged TSX 300. Using a
other products that produce heat.
damaged TSX 300 may result in fire or electric shock.
Do not place the TSX 300 in areas with excessive
dust, mechanical vibration or shock 12. Damage requiring service
▪▪Do not use TSX 300 near water. ▪▪Unplug TSX 300 from all connections and refer
▪▪Do not expose the TSX 300 to rain or moisture. servicing to qualified service personnel under the
following conditions:
▪▪Do not touch the plug with wet hands. Doing so may
result in electrical shock. • When any connector is damaged.
5. Use • If liquid has been spilled into TSX 300.
• If TSX 300 has been exposed to rain or moisture.
▪▪Observe all safety warnings marked on the
equipment. • If the TSX 300 does not operate normally (following
the operating instructions).
▪▪Do not use the instrument for any purpose other
than indicated by the manufacturer. • If the TSX 300 has been dropped or damaged in any
way.
▪▪Operation is prohibited in rain or snow.
• When TSX 300 exhibits a distinct change in
▪▪Do not use the test set in an explosive atmosphere.
performance.
▪▪Do not use any accessories/cables not recommended
• If TSX 300 begins to emit smoke, smells like
by the TSX 300 manufacturer as they may cause
something is burning or makes strange noise.
hazards.
13. Servicing
6. Cables
▪▪Please refer all servicing to qualified service
▪▪Connecting cables must be routed so that they are
personnel.
not likely to be walked on nor pinched by items
placed upon or against them. Do not pull on or tie ▪▪If you attempt to service TSX 300 yourself the
them. Pay particular attention to the connectors. warranty is no longer valid.
▪▪If an input- or output cable becomes damaged, stop 14. Returning

using it. Use of a damaged cable may result in fire or
electric shock. ▪▪If, for some reason, you need to return TSX 300,
please use either the original transport box or one of
7. Power sources equivalent strength
▪▪Only connect TSX 300 to TRAX.

8. Lightning
▪▪Do not perform testing under thunderstorm

conditions.
9. Maintenance
▪▪Routine maintenance is all that is required. The cables

and connector panel should be inspected frequently
to be sure all connections are tight and all ground
connections intact.
10. Cleaning
▪▪Unplug TSX 300 before cleaning

▪▪Do not use liquid cleaners or aerosol cleaners.
▪▪Use only a damp cloth for cleaning.
▪▪Stubborn stains may be removed with a cloth lightly
dampened with a mild detergent solution.

2 Introduction
2 Introduction
2.1 General 2.2 Features and benefits

The TSX 300 is an accessory product for the TRAX ▪▪One-time connection of cables reduces test time.
Transformer and Substation Test System for pro-
▪▪Can handle up to 16 A DC and up to 250 V, 16 A AC.
viding 3-winding/8- terminal one-time-connection
for 3-phase transformers. The TSX 300 switchbox is ▪▪Manual switching and no communication with main unit
manually controlled and does not communicate with makes it possible to use on other single-generator test
the main unit. Therefore it is also possible to use it on instruments to provide one-time-connection.
other single-generator products for one-timeconnec- ▪▪Compact and lightweight.
tion on 3-phase power transformers.
TSX 300 comes in two models, one suited to IEC and
one to ANSI.

2 Introduction
2.3 Warranty 2.4 Receiving Instructions

Products supplied by Megger are warranted against ▪▪Check the equipment received against the packing list to
defects in material and workmanship for a period of ensure that all materials are present. Notify Megger of any
one year following shipment. shortage.
Our liability is specifically limited to replacing or repair- ▪▪Examine the instrument for damage occurred in transit. If
ing, at our option, defective equipment. damage is identified, file a claim with the carrier at once
and notify Megger giving a detailed description of the
This warranty does not include batteries, lamps or damage.
other expendable items, where the original manufac-
▪▪The instrument has been thoroughly tested, calibrated
turer’s warranty shall apply.
and inspected to meet rigid specifications before being
We make no other warranty. The warranty is void shipped. It is ready for use when set up as indicated in this
in the event of negligence and / or abuse (failure to user manual.
follow recommended operating procedures) or failure
by the customer to perform specific maintenance as
indicated in this manual.
Warranty repair
Equipment returned to the factory for repair must be
shipped prepaid and insured.
Contact your Megger representative for instructions
and a return authorization (RA) number.
Please indicate all pertinent information, including
problem symptoms.
Also specify the serial number and the catalog num-
ber of the unit.

3 Panel and cables
3 Panel and cables
3.1 Panel TSX 300 3.2 Cables

1 2 3 4 5
Included cables
These are used for connecting TSX 300 to TRAX. You
also need any of the optional cables for connecting
TSX 300 to the transformer bushings.
6 7 8 9 10 11
Picture above shows the IEC panel. The ANSI panel is some-
what different but functionality is equal.
1. Test cable set, GA-00032

Protective Conductor terminal
2. MODE
Selector for test mode
3. HV
Selector for the high voltage windings
4. Emergency discharge
Lights when the dicharge is in progress.
Do not make any switching or touch anything.
5. LV Ground cable, GC-30070
Selector for the low voltage windings
6. F1
Automatic circuit breaker, 25 A
7. 16 A DC DC current input from TRAX
R1 DC voltage output to TRAX
R2 DC voltage output to TRAX
250 V AC AC input from TRAX
Ch1 DC voltage output to TRAX
Ch2 DC voltage output to TRAX
The terminals are marked accordingly on TRAX
8. F2
Automatic circuit breaker, 25 A
9. 0° 180°
Switch for polarity reversal of Ch2
10. HIGH
Connectors for the high voltage windings
11. LOW
Connectors for the low voltage windings

3 Panel and cables
3.3 Optional cables TSX bushing cable set, Kelvin

We recomend this cable set with Kelvin clamps and
TSX bushing cable set it is available in two lengths: GC-32730, 10 m (33 ft)
The cable set is available in two lengths: GC-32712, and GC-32732, 20 m (66 ft).
10 m (33 ft) and GC-32722, 20 m (66 ft).
The cables are delivered one each as shown above, along

The cables are delivered two pieces each of which is shown
with a hard case.
above, along with a soft case.
HV – with Red Kelvin clamps
HV – Red/Black cables with clamps
Description Label
Description Label
Red Kelvin clamp, red sleeve/marking at both ends H1/1U/A
Red/Black clamp, red sleeve/marking at both ends H1/1U/A
Red Kelvin clamp, yellow sleeve/marking at both ends H2/1V/B
Red/Black clamp, yellow sleeve/marking at both ends H2/1V/B
Red Kelvin clamp, blue sleeve/marking at both ends H3/1W/C
Red/Black clamp, blue sleeve/marking at both ends H3/1W/C
Red Kelvin clamp, white sleeve/marking at both ends H0/1N/N
Red/Black clamp, white sleeve/marking at both ends H0/1N/N
LV – with Black Kelvin clamps

LV – Red/Black cables with clamps
Description Label
Description Label
Black Kelvin clamp, red sleeve/marking at both ends X1/2U/a
Red/Black clamp, red sleeve/marking at both ends X1/2U/a
Black Kelvin clamp, yellow sleeve/marking at both ends X2/2V/b
Red/Black clamp, yellow sleeve/marking at both ends X2/2V/b
Black Kelvin clamp, blue sleeve/marking at both ends X3/2W/c
Red/Black clamp, blue sleeve/marking at both ends X3/2W/c
Black Kelvin clamp, white sleeve/marking at both ends X0/2N/n
Red/Black clamp, white sleeve/marking at both ends X0/2N/n

4.1 General ▪▪Generating AC test voltage into HV windings and

measure voltages on HV windings with LV shorted
(external short must be used) for calculating transformer
Important leakage reactance/short-circuit impedance.
Read and comply with the safety instruc- ▪▪Energizing a YN winding will result in a higher terminal
tions “1 Safety” on page 6. to terminal voltage, therefore maximum applied voltage
Always comply with local safety regula- is 125 Vrms on a YN connection. This is important for not
tions. to exceed the maximum voltage of 250 V between the
transformer terminals.
TSX 300 is an accessory for connecting cables to three-
phase transformer terminals at one time and then do
the actual switching between the different terminals
and pairs with the manual controls on the switchbox.
You can conduct the transformer turns ratio test and
the winding resistance per tap measurements over all
taps and all three phases without rewiring any con-
nections on the transformer.
Supported test modes

HV DC
▪▪Generating DC test current into HV windings and measure
voltage on HV windings for calculating HV winding
resistance.
▪▪Generating DC test current into HV and LV (additional
jumper must be used) windings and measure voltages on
HV and LV windings for calculating HV and LV winding
resistance (SWM, simultaneous winding magnetization).
▪▪Generating DC test current into HV and LV (additional
jumper must be used) windings and measure voltages on
LV windings for calculating LV winding resistance (SWM,
simultaneous winding magnetization).
LV DC
▪▪Generating DC test current into LV winding and measure
voltage on LV winding for calculation of LV winding
resistance.
Note If the transformer turn ratio is greater than

4, test of LV windings may generate too
high voltage trip for the discharge mode of
the TSX 300. Then include the HV winding
in circuit, described as third point under HV
DC above or do not connect any leads to HV
winding terminals.
HV AC
▪▪Generating AC test voltage into HV windings and
measure voltages on HV and LV windings for calculating
transformer turns ratio.

4.2 Connecting TSX 300 9] Remove all, or all exept one on each HV and
LV side, groundings on specimen terminals,
for power transformer e.g. transformer bushings.
winding resistance, Note If measurements with grounded windings are

preferred, keep one ground connected on HV
turns ratio and leakage and LV sides (use the neutral for the ground-
reactance measurements ing connection if accessible)
10] Select the start positions for HV and LV switch-

Connecting es pending the test mode and transformer
configuration as defined in chapter “5 Switch
WARNING sequence selection” on page 16.
When you are changing the connections 11] Start the measurement on the first tap/wind-
make sure that current not can be gen- ing/winding pair according to the TRAX user
erated accidentally. Interlock 1 on TRAX manual for winding resistance/TTR etc.
must be locked.
12] When all taps are measured, switch to the
Do not disconnect any test leads connect-
next winding connection/switch position as
ed to TXC 300 when they are still connect-
defined in chapter “5 Switch sequence selec-
ed to transformer bushings. Risk for lethal
tion” on page 16.
voltages on test leads.
13] When all taps windings are measured switch
1] Connect the test ground cable of TRAX to a to the next test mode/application.
safe grounding point at the transformer.
2] Connect TRAX and TSX 300 using the deliv-
ered grounding cable.
Note Do not connect any leads to test specimen

without a safe, external, connection to
ground.
3] Connect TRAX generator and measurement

cables to the corresponding terminals on
TSX 300.
4] Interlock 1 on TRAX must be locked.
5] Make sure that all terminals of the trans-
former are connected to ground.
6] Connect the generator and measurement
cables (optional kelvin cables/clamps) to TSX
and the transformer HV and possible also to
LV terminals.
Make sure that each marked/coloured cable
is connected to its designated terminal on HV
and LV windings.
7] If the transformer has an OLTC and this is to
be controlled by TRAX, connect TRAX binary
outputs to the tap changer control as de-
scribed in the TRAX user manual.
Note Make sure that the tap changer terminals you

are about to connect are not energized.
8] Switch on the power supply of the tap changer

and check that the tap changer can be correctly oper-
ated by TRAX.
Connecting TRAX to TSX 300.

Connecting TRAX to transformer.
Disconnecting
Important
Carefully disconnect the cables in the
reverse order of connection.
1] Start with disconnecting the cables to the

transformer terminals and end by disconnect-
ing the TRAX test ground cable.


5.1 General 5.2 Winding resistance

The switching sequence for the HV and LV switches measurements - single
as well as phase settings and eventual short-circuit
jumpers are defined for all applications and transform- channel
er configurations in this chapter. It is essential that In this application the test current and the voltage
the switching is done in the right manner. Using the measurement connections are applied to the same
wrong switching sequence will give erroneous results. transformer terminals. The HV windings and LV wind-
ings are measured separately. Switch sequences are
Important given below
Operating the switches on TSX 300 should
NOT under any circumstances be done Note If the transformer turn ratio is greater than
while windings are energized. This will 4, test of LV windings may generate too
significantly reduce the lifetime of the high voltage trip for the discharge mode of
the TSX 300. Then include the HV winding
unit and repairs due to misuse are not
in circuit, described as third point under HV
covered by the warranty.
DC above or do not connect any leads to HV
winding terminals.
The switching sequences are straightforward. Select

HV DC or LV DC test mode and simply follow the test
sequence for the specific transformer configuration.
If the transformer have taps, make sure TRAX is set
to “Test by winding” and “Reversed order for next
connection” in the global settings.
1] Select the start positions for HV and LV
switches pending the test mode and trans-
former configuration. As an example N1, HV
winding resistance.
Tip
In the WRM app in TRAX SW, all vector
groups (e.g. YNd11) is also shown as vector
diagram
2] Start the measurement on the first tap for

the winding/winding pair, in this example
1U-1N/H1-H0, HV switch position 1.
3] If taps, proceed with all taps for this connec-
tion.
4] Switch HV position to 2.
5] Measure all taps.
6] Switch to position 3.
8] Disconnect.

▪▪TSX connected to HV side of transformer using both GEN LV side measurements

leads and MEAS leads. Note that if transformer turn ratio
1] Select MODE: LV DC
is greater than 4, HV side of transformer may need to be
disconnected during LV measurements. 2] Set LV selector in position for test of selected
▪▪TSX connected to LV side of transformer using both GEN LV winding resistance
leads and MEAS leads. 3] Run LV side WRM test from TRAX
HV side measurements Test current is injected to selected HV or LV terminals
1] Select MODE: HV DC (GEN) from 16A DC input. The voltage from selected
HV or LV terminals (MEAS) is feedback to R1
2] Set HV selector in position for test of selected
HV winding resistance
3] Run HV side WRM test from TRAX
Winding resistance measurements - single Winding resistance measurements - single

channel channel
MODE selector Test mode MODE selector Test mode
DC HV DC LV DC HV DC LV
Transformer type Transformer type
HV selector LV selector HV selector LV selector
1 1 4 4
1ph n/a n/a Yd 5 5
n/a n/a 6 6
1 1 1 4
1phA n/a n/a YNd 2 5
n/a n/a 3 6
4 4 4 4
Yy 5 5 Dy 5 5
6 6 6 6
1 1 4 1
YNyn 2 2 Dyn 5 2
3 3 6 3
1 1 4 1
YNa 2 2 Yzn 5 2
3 3 6 3
1 4 4 4
YNy 2 5 Yz 5 5
3 6 6 6
4 1 1 4
Yyn 5 2 YNz 2 5
6 3 3 6
4 4 1 1
Dd 5 5 YNzn 2 2
6 6 3 3
4 1 1 4
Dzn 5 2 ZNy 2 5
6 3 3 6
4 4 4 4
Dz 5 5 Zy 5 5
6 6 6 6
1 4
ZNd 2 5
3 6
4 4
Zd 5 5
6 6

5.3 Transformer 4] Set HV selector in position to demagnetize

selected winding
demagnetization 5] Run demagnetization from TRAX
1] TSX connected to HV side of transformer Test current (actually Vs) is injected to selected HV
using both GEN leads and MEAS leads terminals (GEN) from 16A DC input. The voltage from
2] TSX may or may not be connected to LV side. selected HV terminals (MEAS) is feedback to R1
3] Select MODE: HV DC
Transformer demagnetization Transformer demagnetization

MODE selector DC HV MODE selector DC HV
HV selector HV selector
1 n/a
1ph n/a Yd 5
n/a n/a
1 n/a
1phA n/a YNd 2
n/a n/a
n/a n/a
Yy 5 Dy 5
n/a n/a
n/a n/a
YNyn 2 Dyn 5
n/a n/a
n/a n/a
YNa 2 Yzn 5
n/a n/a
n/a n/a
YNy 2 Yz 5
n/a n/a
n/a n/a
Yyn 5 YNz 2
n/a n/a
n/a n/a
Dd 5 YNzn 2
n/a n/a
n/a n/a
Dzn 5 ZNy 2
n/a n/a
n/a n/a
Dz 5 Zy 5
n/a n/a
n/a
ZNd 2
n/a
n/a
Zd 5
n/a

5.4 Winding resistance

measurements, dual-channel
with simultaneous winding
magnetization (SWM)
Simultaneous winding magnetization, SWM, is a
powerful way of shortening the measurement (stabili-
zation) time when measuring large transformers with
LV delta configurations. With this method the satura-
tion of the core is created by the flux in both HV and
LV windings as the test current is connected to two or
more windings in series.
The continuous current path is created by moving the
16A return (black) current lead to the appropriate LV
current return terminal and also make a jumper/short
from the TSX 300 (black) current return terminal to the
appropriate LV terminal.
In this example we use an YNd5 configuration and
look at the TRAX screen and the connection table
3] Start the measurement on the first tap for
below.
the winding/winding pair, in this example
1U-1N and 2W-2U. HV switch position 1, LV
switch position 6.
4] If taps, proceed with all taps for this connec-
tion.
5] Switch HV position to 2 and LV position to 4.
7] Switch HV position to 3 and LV position to 5.
9] Disconnect.
If the transformer has an OLTC on HV it is of course
possible to measure all the taps on HV as normal sin-
gle-channel measurement and then measure the three
1] Start positions for HV and LV are 1 and 6. LV windings as normal single-channel measurement
2] The current path is 1U-1N-2W-2U. The black but connect the current with the windings in series to
colored current return cable is moved from achieve SWM flux amplification.
TSX 16A DC black terminal to last LV termi-
nal, i.e. 2U (GEN) terminal. A jumper cable Note For some configurations it is necessary to
shift (R) the red and black R2 leads to get the
(blue) should be connected between TSX 16A
correct voltage polarity. These positions are
DC black terminal to first LV terminal, i.e. 2W
named with “R”.
(GEN) terminal).
MODE selector Vector group
Transformer DC HV
1 3 5 7 9 11
type
HV selector LV selector LV selector LV selector LV selector LV selector LV selector
4 5R 6 4R 5 6R 4
Yd 5 6R 4 5R 6 4R 5
6 4R 5 6R 4 5R 6
1 5R 6 4R 5 6R 4
YNd 2 6R 4 5R 6 4R 5
3 4R 5 6R 4 5R 6

1] TSX connected to HV side of transformer 6] In case of vector group, e.g. YNyn6, requires
using both GEN leads and MEAS leads. “reverse” (R), swap red and black cables at
2] TSX connected to LV side of transformer us- TSC interface R2.
ing both GEN leads and MEAS leads. 7] Run SWM from TRAX WRM App.
3] Select MODE: HV DC and set HV selector in Test current is injected to selected HV terminals from
position for test. 16A DC input. It continues from 16A DC black termi-
4] Use a jumper cable between TSX 16A DC nal to first LV terminal (GEN) and is then feed back to
black terminal and TSX LV (GEN) phase first TRAX 16A DC black terminal from second LV terminal
terminal. (GEN). The voltage from selected HV terminals (MEAS)
5] Return current from TSX LV (GEN) phase last is feedback to R1 and the voltage from selected LV
terminal to TRAX 16A DC black terminal. terminals (MEAS) is feedback to R2.
Simultaneous winding resistance measurements (SWM)

Transformer DC HV 0 2 4 6 8 10
type
1 1 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
1ph n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
1phA n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
4 4 5R 6 4R 5 6R
Yy 5 5 6R 4 5R 6 4R
6 6 4R 5 6R 4 5R
1 1 2R 3 1R 2 3R
YNyn 2 2 3R 1 2R 3 1R
3 3 1R 2 3R 1 2R
YNa n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
1 4 5R 6 4R 5 6R
YNy 2 5 6R 4 5R 6 4R
3 6 4R 5 6R 4 5R
4 1 2R 3 1R 2 3R
Yyn 5 2 3R 1 2R 3 1R
6 3 1R 2 3R 1 2R
4 4 5R 6 4R 5 6R
Dd 5 5 6R 4 5R 6 4R
6 6 4R 5 6R 4 5R
4 1 2R 3 1R 2 3R
Dzn 5 2 3R 1 2R 3 1R
6 3 1R 2 3R 1 2R
4 4 5R 6 4R 5 6R
Dz 5 5 6R 4 5R 6 4R
6 6 4R 5 6R 4 5R
1 5R 6 4R 5 6R 4
ZNd 2 6R 4 5R 6 4R 5
3 4R 5 6R 4 5R 6
4 5R 6 4R 5 6R 4
Zd 5 6R 4 5R 6 4R 5
6 4R 5 6R 4 5R 6

Simultaneous winding resistance measurements (SWM)

Transformer DC HV
1 3 5 7 9 11
type
4 5R 6 4R 5 6R 4
Yd 5 6R 4 5R 6 4R 5
6 4R 5 6R 4 5R 6
1 5R 6 4R 5 6R 4
YNd 2 6R 4 5R 6 4R 5
3 4R 5 6R 4 5R 6
4 5R 6 4R 5 6R 4
Dy 5 6R 4 5R 6 4R 5
6 4R 5 6R 4 5R 6
4 1 2R 3 1R 2 3R
Dyn 5 2 3R 1 2R 3 1R
6 3 1R 2 3R 1 2R
4 1 2R 3 1R 2 3R
Yzn 5 2 3R 1 2R 3 1R
6 3 1R 2 3R 1 2R
4 5R 6 4R 5 6R 4
Yz 5 6R 4 5R 6 4R 5
6 4R 5 6R 4 5R 6
1 5R 6 4R 5 6R 4
YNz 2 6R 4 5R 6 4R 5
3 4R 5 6R 4 5R 6
1 1 2R 3 1R 2 3R
YNzn 2 2 3R 1 2R 3 1R
3 3 1R 2 3R 1 2R
1 5R 6 4R 5 6R 4
ZNy 2 6R 4 5R 6 4R 5
3 4R 5 6R 4 5R 6
4 5R 6 4R 5 6R 4
Zy 5 6R 4 5R 6 4R 5
6 4R 5 6R 4 5R 6

5.5 Turns ratio measurements

Switch sequences for IEC and ANSI transformer are show on subsequent pages.
Important
For YN winding the maximum applied voltage is 125 Vrms.
Note For some unusual configurations it is necessary to put a short between two colored (generator) terminals.
Terminals are named in brackets e.g. (H3H0).
It is sometimes necessary to put the ch 2 reverse switch in the 180° position. These positions are named
with “R”.
1] TSX connected to HV side of transformer using both GEN leads and MEAS leads
Turns ratio measurements ANSI configurations

Transform- AC HV 0 2 4 6 8 10
er type
4 4 5R 6 4R 5 6R
Yy 5 5 6R 4 5R 6 4R
6 6 4R 5 6R 4 5R
1 1 2R 3 1R 2 3R
YNyn 2 2 3R 1 2R 3 1R
3 3 1R 2 3R 1 2R
YNa 2 2 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
1 (H3H0) 4 5R 6 4R 5 6R
YNy 2 (H1H0) 5 6R 4 5R 6 4R
3 (H2H0) 6 4R 5 6R 4 5R
4 4 5R 6 4R 5 6R
Yyn 5 5 6R 4 5R 6 4R
6 6 4R 5 6R 4 5R
4 4 5R 6 4R 5 6R
Dd 5 5 6R 4 5R 6 4R
6 6 4R 5 6R 4 5R
4 (H3H2) 1 2R 3 1R 2 3R
Dzn 5 (H1H3) 2 3R 1 2R 3 1R
6 (H2H1) 3 1R 2 3R 1 2R
4 4 5R 6 4R 5 6R
Dz 5 5 6R 4 5R 6 4R
6 6 4R 5 6R 4 5R
1 (H3H2) 5R 6 4R 5 6R 4
ZNd 2 (H1H3) 6R 4 5R 6 4R 5
3 (H2H1) 4R 5 6R 4 5R 6
4 (1V1W) 5R 6 4R 5 6R 4
Zd 5 (1W1U) 6R 4 5R 6 4R 5
6 (1U1V) 4R 5 6R 4 5R 6

2] TSX connected to LV side of transformer using both GEN leads and MEAS leads
3] Select MODE: HV AC
4] Set HV selector in positions for test
5] In case of vector group, e.g. YNyn6, requires “reverse” (R), alter the polarity of Ch2 using the
switch (0 – 180 degrees)
6] Run TTR at TRAX
Test voltage is injected to selected HV terminals from 250 V AC input. The voltage from selected HV terminals
(MEAS) is feedback to Ch1. The voltage from selected LV terminals (MEAS) is feedback to Ch2.
Turns ratio measurements ANSI configurations

Transform- AC HV
1 3 5 7 9 11
er type
4 (H3H2) 5R 6 4R 5 6R 4
Yd 5 (H1H3) 6R 4 5R 6 4R 5
6 (H2H1) 4R 5 6R 4 5R 6
1 5R 6 4R 5 6R 4
YNd 2 6R 4 5R 6 4R 5
3 4R 5 6R 4 5R 6
4 (H3H2) 4 5R 6 4R 5 6R
Dy 5 (H1H3) 5 6R 4 5R 6 4R
6 (H2H1) 6 4R 5 6R 4 5R
4 1 2R 3 1R 2 3R
Dyn 5 2 3R 1 2R 3 1R
6 3 1R 2 3R 1 2R
4 1 2R 3 1R 2 3R
Yzn 5 2 3R 1 2R 3 1R
6 3 1R 2 3R 1 2R
4 (H3H2) 5R 6 4R 5 6R 4
Yz 5 (H1H3) 6R 4 5R 6 4R 5
6 (H2H1) 4R 5 6R 4 5R 6
1 (H3H2) 5R 6 4R 5 6R 4
YNz 2 (H1H3) 6R 4 5R 6 4R 5
3 (H2H1) 4R 5 6R 4 5R 6
1 1 2R 3 1R 2 3R
YNzn 2 2 3R 1 2R 3 1R
3 3 1R 2 3R 1 2R
1 5R 6 4R 5 6R 4
ZNy 2 6R 4 5R 6 4R 5
3 4R 5 6R 4 5R 6
4 (H3H2) 5R 6 4R 5 6R 4
Zy 5 (H1H3) 6R 4 5R 6 4R 5
6 (H2H1) 4R 5 6R 4 5R 6

Turns ratio measurements IEC configurations

Transformer AC HV 0 2 4 6 8 10
type
4 4 5R 6 4R 5 6R
Yy 5 5 6R 4 5R 6 4R
6 6 4R 5 6R 4 5R
1 1 2R 3 1R 2 3R
YNyn 2 2 3R 1 2R 3 1R
3 3 1R 2 3R 1 2R
YNa 2 2 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
1 (1V1N) 4 5R 6 4R 5 6R
YNy 2 (1W1N) 5 6R 4 5R 6 4R
3 (1U1N) 6 4R 5 6R 4 5R
4 4 5R 6 4R 5 6R
Yyn 5 5 6R 4 5R 6 4R
6 6 4R 5 6R 4 5R
4 4 5R 6 4R 5 6R
Dd 5 5 6R 4 5R 6 4R
6 6 4R 5 6R 4 5R
4 (1V1W) 1 2R 3 1R 2 3R
Dzn 5 (1W1U) 2 3R 1 2R 3 1R
6 (1U1V) 3 1R 2 3R 1 2R
4 4 5R 6 4R 5 6R
Dz 5 5 6R 4 5R 6 4R
6 6 4R 5 6R 4 5R
1 (1V1W) 4 5R 6 4R 5 6R
ZNd 2 (1W1U) 5 6R 4 5R 6 4R
3 (1U1V) 6 4R 5 6R 4 5R
4 (1V1W) 4 5R 6 4R 5 6R
Zd 5 (1W1U) 5 6R 4 5R 6 4R
6 (1U1V) 6 4R 5 6R 4 5R

Turns ratio measurements IEC configurations

Vector group
Transformer 1 3 5 7 9 11
HV winding
type
LV selector LV selector LV selector LV selector LV selector LV selector
4 (1V1W) 4 5R 6 4R 5 6R
Yd 5 (1W1U) 5 6R 4 5R 6 4R
6 (1U1V) 6 4R 5 6R 4 5R
1 4 5R 6 4R 5 6R
YNd 2 5 6R 4 5R 6 4R
3 6 4R 5 6R 4 5R
4 (1V1W) 4 5R 6 4R 5 6R
Dy 5 (1W1U) 5 6R 4 5R 6 4R
6 (1U1V) 6 4R 5 6R 4 5R
4 2R 3 1R 2 3R 1
Dyn 5 3R 1 2R 3 1R 2
6 1R 2 3R 1 2R 3
4 2R 3 1R 2 3R 1
Yzn 5 3R 1 2R 3 1R 2
6 1R 2 3R 1 2R 3
4 (1V1W) 4 5R 6 4R 5 6R
Yz 5 (1W1U) 5 6R 4 5R 6 4R
6 (1U1V) 6 4R 5 6R 4 5R
4 (1V1W) 4 5R 6 4R 5 6R
YNz 5 (1W1U) 5 6R 4 5R 6 4R
6 (1U1V) 6 4R 5 6R 4 5R
4 2R 3 1R 2 3R 1
YNzn 5 3R 1 2R 3 1R 2
6 1R 2 3R 1 2R 3
1 4 5R 6 4R 5 6R
ZNy 2 5 6R 4 5R 6 4R
3 6 4R 5 6R 4 5R
4 (1V1W) 4 5R 6 4R 5 6R
Zy 5 (1W1U) 5 6R 4 5R 6 4R
6 (1U1V) 6 4R 5 6R 4 5R

5.6 Excitation current 2] TSX may or may not be connected to LV side

3] Select MODE: HV AC and set HV selector in
measurements position for test
4] Run Excitation at TRAX
Important
For a YN winding the maximum applied volt- Test current is injected to selected HV terminals from
age is 125 Vrms. 250 V AC input. The applied voltage and current is
measured internally on 250V/10A output in TRAX.
1] TSX connected to HV side of transformer
using GEN leads. MEAS leads may or may not
be connected
Excitation current measurements Excitation current measurements

MODE selector MODE selector
AC HV AC HV
HV selector HV selector
1 4
1ph n/a Yd 5
n/a 6
1 1
1phA n/a YNd 2
n/a 3
4 4
Yy 5 Dy 5
6 6
1 4
YNyn 2 Dyn 5
3 6
1 4
YNa 2 Yzn 5
3 6
1 4
YNy 2 Yz 5
3 6
4 1
Yyn 5 YNz 2
6 3
4 1
Dd 5 YNzn 2
6 3
4 1
Dzn 5 ZNy 2
6 3
4 4
Dz 5 Zy 5
6 6
1
ZNd 2
3
4
Zd 5
6

5.7 Leakage reactance / 3] External manual short-circuit must be applied

to transformer LV terminals. Do not attempt
short-circuit impedance short-circuit LV side at TSX.
measurements – 3-phase 4] Select MODE: HV AC and set HV selector in

position for test
equivalent 5] Run Short-circuit impedance at TRAX with
1] TSX connected to HV side of transformer “Nameplate Impedance” option selected
using both GEN leads and MEAS leads
Test current is injected to selected HV terminals from
2] TSX may or may not be connected to LV side 250 V AC input. The voltage from selected HV termi-
nals (MEAS) is feedback to Ch1
Leakage reactance / short-circuit impedance Leakage reactance / short-circuit impedance

measurements – 3-phase equivalent measurements – 3-phase equivalent
ANSI configurations ANSI configurations
MODE selector MODE selector Phase group/LV winding
Transformer AC HV AC HV
LV short on transformer Transformer connection
type
HV selector type
HV selector
4 (X1X2X3) 1
Yy 5 (X1X2X3) 4 (X1X2X3)
6 (X1X2X3) Yd 5 (X1X2X3)
4 (X1X2X3) 6 (X1X2X3)
YNyn 5 (X1X2X3) 4 (X1X2X3)
6 (X1X2X3) YNd 5 (X1X2X3)
4 (X1X2X3) 6 (X1X2X3)
YNa 5 (X1X2X3) 4 (X1X2X3)
6 (X1X2X3) Dy 5 (X1X2X3)
4 (X1X2X3) 6 (X1X2X3)
YNy 5 (X1X2X3) 4 (X1X2X3)
6 (X1X2X3) Dyn 5 (X1X2X3)
4 (X1X2X3) 6 (X1X2X3)
Yyn 5 (X1X2X3) n/a n/a
6 (X1X2X3) Yzn n/a n/a
4 (X1X2X3) n/a n/a
Dd 5 (X1X2X3) n/a n/a
6 (X1X2X3) Yz n/a n/a
n/a n/a n/a n/a
Dzn n/a n/a n/a n/a
n/a n/a YNz n/a n/a
n/a n/a n/a n/a
Dz n/a n/a n/a n/a
n/a n/a YNzn n/a n/a
n/a n/a n/a n/a
ZNd n/a n/a n/a n/a
n/a n/a ZNy n/a n/a
n/a n/a n/a n/a
Zd n/a n/a n/a n/a
n/a n/a Zy n/a n/a
n/a n/a

Leakage reactance / short-circuit impedance Leakage reactance / short-circuit impedance

measurements – 3-phase equivalent measurements – 3-phase equivalent
IEC configurations IEC configurations
MODE selector MODE selector Phase group/LV winding
Transformer AC HV Transformer AC HV connection
LV short on transformer
type type
HV selector HV selector 1
4 (2U2V2W) 4 (2U2V2W)
Yy 5 (2U2V2W) Yd 5 (2U2V2W)
6 (2U2V2W) 6 (2U2V2W)
4 (2U2V2W) 4 (2U2V2W)
YNyn 5 (2U2V2W) YNd 5 (2U2V2W)
6 (2U2V2W) 6 (2U2V2W)
4 (2U2V2W) 4 (2U2V2W)
YNa 5 (2U2V2W) Dy 5 (2U2V2W)
6 (2U2V2W) 6 (2U2V2W)
4 (2U2V2W) 4 (2U2V2W)
YNy 5 (2U2V2W) Dyn 5 (2U2V2W)
6 (2U2V2W) 6 (2U2V2W)
4 (2U2V2W) n/a n/a

Yyn 5 (2U2V2W) Yzn n/a n/a
6 (2U2V2W) n/a n/a
4 (2U2V2W) n/a n/a

Dd 5 (2U2V2W) Yz n/a n/a
6 (2U2V2W) n/a n/a
n/a n/a n/a n/a

Dzn n/a n/a YNz n/a n/a
n/a n/a n/a n/a
n/a n/a n/a n/a

Dz n/a n/a YNzn n/a n/a
n/a n/a n/a n/a
n/a n/a n/a n/a

ZNd n/a n/a ZNy n/a n/a
n/a n/a n/a n/a
n/a n/a n/a n/a

Zd n/a n/a Zy n/a n/a
n/a n/a n/a n/a

5.8 Leakage reactance / 4] Select MODE: HV AC and set HV selector in

position for test.
short-circuit impedance 5] Run Short-circuit impedance at TRAX with
measurements – per phase “Nameplate Impedance” option de-selected
(three-phase transformers) or selected or
deselected (single-phase transformers).
Important
Test current is injected to selected HV terminals from
For a YN winding the maximum applied volt- 250 V AC input. The voltage from selected HV termi-
age is 125 Vrms. nals (MEAS) is feedback to Ch1.
1] TSX connected to HV side of transformer
using both GEN leads and MEAS leads. Note The LV shorts must be of good quality (negli-
2] TSX may or may not be connected to LV side. gible resistance) and made at the transformer
3] External manual short-circuit must be applied terminals and NOT on the TSX 300. Shorted
to transformer LV terminals. Do not attempt terminals are named in brackets e.g. (2U2N).
short-circuit LV side at TSX.
Leakage reactance / short-circuit impedance measurements – per phase
ANSI configurations
type
HV selector LV short LV short LV short LV short LV short LV short
1 (X1X2) n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
1 (X1H2X2) n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
Yy n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
1 (X1X0) (X0X2) (X3X0) (X0X1) (X2X0) (X0X3)
YNyn 2 (X2X0) (X0X3) (X1X0) (X0X2) (X3X0) (X0X1)
3 (X3X0) (X0X1) (X2X0) (X0X3) (X1X0) (X0X2)
YNa 2 (X2H0X0) n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
YNy n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
Yyn n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
4 (X1X3) (X1X2) (X3X2) (X3X1) (X2X1) (X2X3)
Dd 5 (X2X1) (X2X3) (X1X3) (X1X2) (X3X2) (X3X1)
6 (X3X2) (X3X1) (X2X1) (X2X3) (X1X3) (X1X2)
Dzn n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
Dz n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
ZNd n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
Zd n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a


ANSI configurations
Transformer AC HV
0 2 4 6 8 10
type
Yd n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
1 (X1X2) (X3X2) (X3X1) (X2X1) (X2X3) (X1X3)
YNd 2 (X2X3) (X1X3) (X1X2) (X3X2) (X3X1) (X2X1)
3 (X3X1) (X2X1) (X2X3) (X1X3) (X1X2) (X3X2)
Dy n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
4 X1X0 X0X2 X3X0 X0X1 X2X0 X0X3
Dyn 5 X2X0 X0X3 X1X0 X0X2 X3X0 X0X1
6 X3X0 X0X1 X2X0 X0X3 X1X0 X0X2
Yzn n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
Yz n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
YNz n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
YNzn n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
ZNy n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
Zy n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a


IEC configurations
type
1 (2.1 2.2) n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
1 (2.1 2) n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
Yy n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
1 (2U2N) (2N2V) (2W2N) (2N2U) (2V2N) (2N2W)
YNyn 2 (2V2N) (2N2W) (2U2N) (2N2V) (2W2N) (2N2U)
3 (2W2N) (2N2U) (2V2N) (2N2W) (2U2N) (2N2V)
1 (2U2N) n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
YNa 2 (2V2N) n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
3 (2W2N) n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
YNy n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
Yyn n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
4 (2U2V) (2W2V) (2W2U) (2V2U) (2V2W) (2U2W)
Dd 5 (2V2W) (2U2W) (2U2V) (2W2V) (2W2U) (2V2U)
6 (2W2U) (2V2U) (2V2W) (2U2W) (2U2V) (2W2V)
Dzn n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
Dz n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
ZNd n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a


IEC configurations
Zd n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
Vector group
Transformer 0 2 4 6 8 10
HV winding
type
LV short LV short LV short LV short LV short LV short
Yd n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
1 (2U2V) (2W2V) (2W2U) (2V2U) (2V2W) (2U2W)
YNd 2 (2V2W) (2U2W) (2U2V) (2W2V) (2W2U) (2V2U)
3 (2W2U) (2V2U) (2V2W) (2U2W) (2U2V) (2W2V)
Dy n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
4 (2N2V) (2W2N) (2N2U) (2V2N) (2N2W) (2U2N)
Dyn 5 (2N2W) (2U2N) (2N2V) (2W2N) (2N2U) (2V2N)
6 (2N2U) (2V2N) (2N2W) (2U2N) (2N2V) (2W2N)
Yzn n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
Yz n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
YNz n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
YNzn n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
ZNy n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
Zy n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a


6 Specifications
6 Specifications
Specifications TSX 300
Specifications are subject to change without notice.
Evironment
Application For use in high-voltage substations and indus-
field trial environments
Temperature
Operating -20°C to +55°C (-4°F to +131°F)
Storage -40°C to +70°C (-40°F to +158°F)
Humidity 0-90% non-condensing
Altitude 2000 m (max)
CE- marking
LVD 2006/95/EC
Vibration IEC 60 068-2-6
Shock IEC 60 068-2-27
Transport ISTA 2A
General
Protective ground (earth) conductor terminal
Dimensions 310 x 145 x 210 mm (excl. handle)

(12.2” x 5.7” x 8.3”)
Weight 3.8 kg (8.3 lbs)
TRAX Interface
Inputs
250 V AC Max 250 V (Max 16 A)
16 A DC Max 16 A (Max 60 V)
Outputs
R1 Max 60 V DC
R2 Max 60 V DC
CH1 Max 250 V AC
CH2 Max 250 V AC
All voltage (MEAS) measurements are interfaced to TRAX (R1, R2,
Ch1 and/or Ch2)
All currents, DC or AC are measured internally by TRAX generator
Specimen interface
GEN 8 bushing terminals output (4 LOW and 4
(Generator) HIGH) TRAX 250V AC or TRAX 16A DC gen-
erator
MEAS 8 bushing terminals (4 LOW and 4 HIGH) for
(Measurement) measurement of AC or DC voltage levels


Index
Index
C
Cables...................................................... 10
Connecting TSX 300................................. 13
D
Disconnecting........................................... 14
E
Excitation current measurements.............. 32
L
Leakage reactance measurements –
3-phase equivalent method.................... 26
Leakage reactance measurements – per
phase..................................................... 28
P
Panel........................................................ 10
S
Short-circuit impedance measurements –
3-phase equivalent method.................... 26
Short-circuit impedance measurements –
per phase............................................... 28
Specifications............................................ 34
Supported test modes............................... 12
Switch sequence....................................... 16
T
Transformer demagnetization................... 33
Turns ratio measurements......................... 21
W
Warranty.................................................... 9
Winding resistance measurements, du-
al-channel.............................................. 18
Winding resistance measurements - single
channel.................................................. 16

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TSX 300

TRAX Switch Box

Art No. ZP-AJ04E Doc. AJ034290BE V02a 2018

NOTICE OF COPYRIGHT & PROPRIETARY RIGHTS

Postal address: Visiting address:

AJ034290BE ZP-AJ04E TSX 300 3

1 Safety 5.5 Turns ratio measurements................................. 22

4 How to use TSX 300

AJ034290BE ZP-AJ04E TSX 300 5

1.1 General 1.2 Safety instructions

▪▪The TSX 300 case must also be grounded by the

6 TSX 300 ZP-AJ04E AJ034290BE

4. Placement 11. Damage

▪▪If an input- or output cable becomes damaged, stop 14. Returning

▪▪Only connect TSX 300 to TRAX.

▪▪Do not perform testing under thunderstorm

▪▪Routine maintenance is all that is required. The cables

▪▪Unplug TSX 300 before cleaning

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2.1 General 2.2 Features and benefits

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2.3 Warranty 2.4 Receiving Instructions

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3 Panel and cables

3.1 Panel TSX 300 3.2 Cables

1. Test cable set, GA-00032

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3.3 Optional cables TSX bushing cable set, Kelvin

The cables are delivered one each as shown above, along

LV – with Black Kelvin clamps

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4 How to use TSX 300

4.1 General ▪▪Generating AC test voltage into HV windings and

Supported test modes

Note If the transformer turn ratio is greater than

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winding resistance, Note If measurements with grounded windings are

10] Select the start positions for HV and LV switch-

Note Do not connect any leads to test specimen

3] Connect TRAX generator and measurement

Note Make sure that the tap changer terminals you

8] Switch on the power supply of the tap changer

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Connecting TRAX to transformer.

1] Start with disconnecting the cables to the

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5 Switch sequence selection

5.1 General 5.2 Winding resistance

The switching sequences are straightforward. Select

2] Start the measurement on the first tap for

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▪▪TSX connected to HV side of transformer using both GEN LV side measurements

Winding resistance measurements - single Winding resistance measurements - single

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5.3 Transformer 4] Set HV selector in position to demagnetize

Transformer demagnetization Transformer demagnetization

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5.4 Winding resistance

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Simultaneous winding resistance measurements (SWM)

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Simultaneous winding resistance measurements (SWM)