MINISTRY OF TRANSPORTATION

DIRECTORATE GENERAL OF CIVIL AVIATION

DIRECTORATE OF AIRWORTHINESS AND AIRCRAFT OPERATIONS

INDONESIA UAS REGULATORY FRAMEWORK

MEDDY YOGASTORO
TEST PILOT
(PM. RPAS, Sub Directorate Aircraft Certification)
yogasmeddy
 INTERNATIONAL HARMONIZATION

UN JARUS
ICAO
MoT APAC

Ditjen. Hubud Asia

(Singapore USA Europe Australia
(DGCA) , China,
Malaysia, (FAA) (EASA) (CASA)
India,etc)
DKPPU
DAU
DNP Airnav
DKP
DBU 2
 INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION

• Asia Pacific-UAS Task Force

ICAO

• Member of Joint Authorities for Rulemaking on Unmanned

Systems
JARUS • WG-6 “UAS Safety Management System”

• Joint of UCWG (Unmanned Aircraft Certification Working

Group)
APAC

3
 UAS MANAGEMENT on DGCA

DITJEN
HUBUD

AIR NAVIGATION AIRNAV AIR TRANSPORT

DKPPU DIRECTORATE INDONESIA DIRECTORATE
(LEADING GROUP)

AVIATION SECURITY
DIRECTORATE
AIRSPACE
OPERATION AUTHORIZATION
RECOMMENDATION
AIRSPACE AERODROME
AIRWORTHINESS ENFORCEMENT
MANAGEMENT DIRECTORATE

PERSONNEL LICENSING

UAS REGISTRATION

4
 UAS REGULATIONS
AVIATION ACT 13 Ch. VI 18
14
16 17
(UU No.1 / 2009)

15

PM180/ PM47/
25 27 29 33 2015 2016
23 34
MoT Decree 21 CASR 36 PM
135 91 61 47 45 43
107 65 145

8900-
DGCA Decree SI 12.04
AC
8900- 8900-
12.01 8900- 12.03
12.02

5
 SMALL UAS REGULATIONS (≤25kg)

UU No.1/2009 PP 4/2018
Pengamanan Wilayah Udara
Republik Indonesia

PM 163/2015
PM 163/2015 PM 90/2015
(CASR Part
Part 107)
107) PM180/2015
PM 90/2015
(CASR
Small Unmanned
Unmanned Aircraft
Aircraft System
System
PM 180/2015
Small (Pengendalian Pengoperasian Sistem Pesawat
(CASR Part
(CASR Part 107
107 Amdt
Amdt 1)1) (Pengendalian
udara Pengoperasian
Tanpa Awak Sistem
Di Ruang Udara YangPesawat
Dilayani
udara Tanpa Awak Di Ruang Udara
Indonesia) Yang Dilayani
Indonesia)

Staff Instruction Staff Instruction

PM
PM 47/2016
47/2016
8900-12.01 8900-12.02 (Perubahan PM 180/2015 tentang Pengendalian
(Perubahan PM
Pengoperasian 180/2015
Sistem tentang
Pesawat udaraPengendalian
Tanpa Awak Di
sUAS Registration and sUAS Remote Pilot Pengoperasian Sistem Pesawat udara Tanpa Awak Di
Ruang Udara Yang Dilayani Indonesia)
Indentification Certification Ruang Udara Yang Dilayani Indonesia)

6
 UAS CLASSIFICATION

0 gr 250 gr 7 kg 25 kg
WEIGHT

Hobby & Community

Recreational Small UAS Based
Other than Hobby &
CASR 107
Recreational

Restricted Category R&D, crew training, Special C of A

Experimental
market surveys

Production flight testing, Special C of A

new production aircraft

RPAS

Ref: PM 180 Year 2015 7

 Hobby and Recreational

Limitation:
Purpose: Operation:
Weight: Drone
Hobby & sUAS Operating
Max 7 kg Community
Recreatioal only Rules
Based

Airworthiness Remote pilot Identification:

certification Small UAS UAS Operator
TC, C of A registration

Ref: CASR Part 107, para 107.2

8
 Other than Hobby & Recreational

Purpose: Weight: Limitation: Operations:

Other than hobby Small UAS ≤ 25 kg Holder Remote UAS Operating
& recreational (55 lbs) Pilot Certificate Rules

Person: Identification:
Airworthiness: Operator:
- Remote Pilot Small UAS
TC, C of A Registration UAS Operator
-Observer

Ref: CASR Part 107

9
 Remote Pilot Certification

Remote Pilot
Certificate
Aeronautical Pass
knowledge
Aeronautical examination
knowledge (written exam)
Indonesian (training)
citizen ≥ 17
Failed
YO, English
Language
 Remote Pilot Knowledge

Aeronautical Applicable rules (CASR 107; PM 180/2015;

knowledge
Airspace classification; Operating rules; KKOP; operating
limitations

Meteorological information

Load & performance sUAS

Emergency procedure

Crew Resource Management

 Remote Pilot Knowledge

Aeronautical UAS Performance calculation

knowledge

Communication Procedure ( Radiotelephony)

Drug & Alcohol Physiological Effect

Decision making

Airport operation

Preflight inspection & maintenance

 Small Unmanned Aircraft Registration

Owned by Display
Not Registered in Indonesian or Evidence of Identification
other country under lease ownership dan registration
agreement marks

B_T_3_4_5_6_7_8
 UAS Operating Rules
RPIC Responsible for the operations

Not allow dropping object

Not operate in moving vehicle / aircraft

No Operation over people (unless direct participant)

Daylight Operation

Visual Line Of Sight (VLOS)

Uncontrolled airspace

Operation Altitude ≤ 400 ft AGL

Max operation speed ≤ 87 kt

 UAS OPERATIONAL RISKS

OPERATIONAL RISKS

SECURITY PRIVACY ENVIRONMENTAL PROPERTY

SAFETY RISKS RISK RISK RISK
RISK

PEOPLE ON OTHER
CRITICAL
THE AIRSPACE INFRASTRUCTURES
GROUND USERS

15
UAS Commercial Application

hobby

16
 SORA CONCEPT
(Specific Operations Risk Assessment)

No
Intrinsic Final TC
Conops Mitigation GRC≤7
GRC GRC Process

Yes

SAIL Final Tactical Strategic Initial

determination ARC mitigation mitigation ARC

No
comprehensive safety
OSO
identification
Adjacent area profile meet confident
level?

Yes
UAS Operation
Note: Authorization
ARC= Air Risk Class
GRC= Ground Risk Class
OSO= Operations Safety Objective
SAIL= Safety Assurance & Integrity Level 17
TC= Type Certificate
 SORA CONCEPT
GRC Table ARC Classification

SAIL Determination
SAIL Determination
Residual ARC
Final GRC a b c d

≤2 I II IV VI
3 II II IV VI
4 III III IV VI
5 IV IV IV VI
6 V V V VI
7 VI VI VI VI
>7
Certified operation 18
UAS AUTHORIZATION PROCESS

Documents:
a) Airspace
recommendation
b) UAS registration
c) Remote Pilot
Certificate
d) Security
Clearance by Directorate of
Airworthiness and
e) UAS Operation Aircraft Operation

Authorization

19
 SCOPE of RPAS

International flight operations

Commercial air transportation for passenger

Carried Dangerous Good operations

Other operations as DGCA mandate

20
 RPAS CERTIFICATION for > 25 kg

Certified Operation

Airworthiness
Certified Registration: Licensed Pilot /
Approval:
Operator: Crew:
CASR 21,23,
25,27,29,33,34
CASR 91,135 CASR 45,47 CASR 61
,35,36

Special Condition

21
 SPECIAL CONDITION
UAS Design Safety Standards Special Condition

APPLICANT DGCA DGCA

• DGCA prescribes
special
conditions
• Safety standards
• Novel / Unusual • Special condition
are not adequate
Design Feature of contain safety
or appropriate to
Aircraft, Aircraft standards as
the design
Engine, Propeller necessary to
feature
establish an
equivalent level
of safety
Ref: CASR Part 21.16
22
 APPLICABLE REGULATIONS
Airworthiness Applicable
UAS Design
Standards Regulations

APPLICANT DGCA DGCA

• Airworthiness Requirements will be
• Non conventional portions of CASR
standard have not
aircraft 23,25,27,29,31,33 as
been issued
• Special classes of appropriate for the
• Classify as “major
aircraft aircraft and specific
changes”
type design or
airworthiness
• Change in type standard to provide
design classify as • Supplemental TC an equivalent level of
“major changes” safety.

Ref: CASR Part 21.17; 21.93 23

 AIRWORTHINESS APPROVAL
(RPAS Prototype)

J
DOA

Ref: CASR Part 21 “Certification Procedures for Product and Parts” 24

(PM 98 tahun 2015)
 AIRWORTHINESS STANDARDS for RPAS

Design and
Flight Structure
(performance, flying
Construction
(mass, limit loads, strength,
qualities, stability & control) (system design features,
airspeeds)
aerolasticity)

Systems and Operating limitation

Rotor & Powerplant Equipment and Information
(engines, propellers,
installation) (navigation light, EMI (Flight manual, continued
protection, ice protection) airworthiness, C2 link)

Operating Remotely Piloted

Remote Pilot Station Aeroplane Unique
Environment and Integration
Human Factors Considerations
(intergration, C2 link, flight
(remote flight crew, manual) (launch, recovery, auto t/o &
ergonomics) ldg, Detect & avoid, security)

Ref: Proposal ICAO Annex 8 Part 8,9 25

 AIRWORTHINESS STANDARDS for RPS
Design and
Construction
(Functioning, failure analysis,
electrical bonding, handling)
Systems and
Equipment
(electrical power supply, EMI
protection, complex electronic)

Remote pilot Operating

compartment Environment and
safety Human Factors
(remote flight crew,
(fire protection, evacuation) ergonomics)

Operating
limitations and Security
information (RPS access control)
(RPS Ops manual)

Ref: Proposal ICAO Annex 8 Part 10 26

 RPAS CERTIFICATION PROCESS

CASR PART 21 "CERTIFICATION PROCEDURES FOR PRODUCTS AND PARTS"

CASR AIRWORTHINESS STANDARD PART

(23, 25, 27, 29, 33, 35, 34, 36)

ANALYSIS; APPROVED TYPE

DRAWING & PROTOTYPING & MASS
PRODUCTS CLASS DESIGN (21.31)
MANUFACTURING PRODUCT CLASS I PRODUCTION
II & PARTS DATA
PROCESS DATA TESTING (PC)
TESTING (TC, STC, PMA)

27
 DESIGN ORGANIZATION APPROVAL (DOA)

Design
Design Independent
Organization Airworthiness Internal &
assurance Monitoring
Manual & Function External Audit
system Function
Procedures

Training
Instruction
TC & Major Continued Program,
Minor change Continuing
change Airworthiness Recruitment,
Airworthiness
Qualification

Records System Facility

Class Type Design Work Category of Products

(TC, major change, (Aircraft, Structure,
(A,B,C,D) minor change) Avionics, etc)

Ref: CASR Part 21 Subpart J 28

NEW TECHNOLOGIES on RPAS

29
C2 LINK ARCHITECTURE

30
 GROUND CONTROL STATION

RTCA/DO-178C “Software Considerations in Airborne Systems and Equipment Certification

RTCA/DO-362 with Errata, “Command and Control (C2) Data Link Minimum Operational
Performance Standards (MOPS) (Terrestrial)”

31
DETECT AND AVOID

32
 ELECTRICAL ENGINE

RTCA/DO-227 “Minimum Operational Performance Standards for Lithium Batteries

https://www.astm.org/Standards/F3239.htm

33
RPAS (PRODUCT) CERTIFICATION PHASES

34
ISSUE PAPER SPECIAL CONDITION EXAMPLE

35
 STC EXAMPLES (OPTIONALLY PILOTED)
Leonardo, SW-4 Solo
MTOW 1800 kg

Foto pipistrel sinus uav

https://www.suasnews.com/2018/05/uavos-convert-pipistrel-sinus-into-an-rpa/
Foto robinson r22 uav
https://www.commercialdroneprofessional.com/helicopter-robinson-extends-application-range-after-
uavos-work/
Video SW-4 Solo
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5PCxLhm4wvs
36
 RPAS CERTIFICATION for > 25 kg

Certified Operation

Airworthiness
Certified Registration: Licensed Pilot /
Approval:
Operator: Crew:
CASR 21,23,
25,27,29,33,34
CASR 91,135 CASR 45,47 CASR 61
,35,36

Special Condition

37
 CERTIFIED OPERATOR

R & D flight under DOA 21(Flight Testing)

Operator under OC 91

Operator under AOC 135

Ref: CASR Part 21, 91, 135

38
 RPAS CERTIFICATION for > 25 kg

Certified Operation

Airworthiness
Certified Registration: Licensed Pilot /
Approval:
Operator: Crew:
CASR 21,23,
25,27,29,33,34
CASR 91,135 CASR 45,47 CASR 61
,35,36

Special Condition

39
 RPAS REGISTRATION

INDONESIAN (PK-) REGISTER

FOREIGN REGISTER under BILATERAL AGREEMENT

Ref: CASR Part 45, 47

40
 RPAS CERTIFICATION for > 25 kg

Certified Operation

Airworthiness
Certified Registration: Licensed Pilot /
Approval:
Operator: Crew:
CASR 21,23,
25,27,29,33,34
CASR 91,135 CASR 45,47 CASR 61
,35,36

Special Condition

41
 REMOTE PILOT LICENCE (RPL)

ICAO Annex 1 “Personnel Licensing” Amdt 175 concerning

Licensing & Rating for Remote Pilot currently is under
review.

RPAS International flight will follow ICAO Annex 1

RPAS domestic operation as appropriate will be determined

by DGCA

Ref: Proposal of ICAO Annex 1 amdt 175

42
 Policy Roadmaps
2020
2019
2018

2016 ICAO RPAS

UAS Ops Cat Annex 1
CASR 107 Amdt 1 A Annex 8
PM 180 Amdt 2 UAS Ops Cat
2015 SI 8900-12.01 B
PM 47/2016 (PM
180 Amdt 1)
SI 8900-12.02 UAS Ops Cat
C
PM 90/2015 SORA
PM 180/2015 Personnel
CASR 107 Amdt 0 Licensing
RP Training
Center
 UAS On going Pilot Projects
 JD.COM (under continuing
evaluation)
 Google Project Loons (under
continuing evaluation)
 Zipline Drone (start SORA
application)
 Beihang UAS Technology
(preliminary assessment)
 Volocopter Air Taxi (Initial
meeting)
 Frogs Indonesia (Initial meeting)
 Recommendations
Research and
Development SIM card Based
Technology for
Application drone
and adoption registration
in specific BVLOS
sectors operations
Need National
Wide UAS Task Need National
Force with Wide UAS Task
focus on areas Force with
focus on areas
Unmanned Security and Developme
Traffic safety nt of the
Management aspects industry
Counter
Update drone
regulatory
framework system