agriguru

S u n d a y, 1 9 F e b r u a r y 2 0 1 2

AGRI. INFO WORLD

A QUESTION BANK ON AGRICULTURE & RELATED SECTORS WITH SPECIAL

EMPHASIS ON KERALA
(Answers are given in the bracket of each question & multiple answers are separated by
slash punctuation )
1.Spindle shaped spots appear on Rice leaves affected with----------------(BLAST)
2.Symptoms of bacterial blight in seedling stage is known as---------(KRESEK)
3.Supernatant liquid of cow dung slurry is applied in Rice fields to control-------
disease(BACTERIAL BLIGHT)
4.-------is a fungicide used for dry seed treatment(CARBENDAZIM)
5.Spread of sheath blight disease in Rice is through---------(IRRIGATION WATER)
6.---------is a disease affecting Rice crop in high ranges of Kerala(UDBATTA DISEASE)
7.Tall lanky tillers and aerial adventitious roots are produced by------disease in
Rice(FOOT ROT)
8.Spread of bacterial blight in Rice occurs through--------,-------&---------(WIND , IRRIGATION
WATER & RAIN)
9.--------is an antibiotic used for controlling bacterial blight disease in
Rice(STREPTOCYCLINE/PAUSHAMYCIN/PLANTOMYCIN)
10.Bleaching powder is applied to irrigation water to control -------disease of
Rice(BACTERIAL LEAF BLIGHT)
11.--------is an easy and effective test for diagnosing bacterial leaf blight disease in
Rice(OOZE TEST)
12.---------is a sure test for diagnosing Tungro disease in Rice(IODINE TEST)
13.---------is a disease caused by Phytoplasma in Rice(RICE YELLOW DWARF)
14.Spindle leaf turns brown and breaks off in coconut due to---------(BUD ROT)
15.----------is a disease caused by Phytoplasma in coconut(ROOT WILT)
16.Fan like appearance of coconut leaves occurs in coconut palm affected by---------
(LEAF ROT DISEASE)
17.Mahali disease of Arecanut is caused by----------(Phytophthora palmivora)
18.Symptoms such as young seedlings getting killed before they emerge through the
soil surface is due to-------------(PRE-EMERGENCE DAMPING OFF)
19.Late blight of potato is caused by-----------(Phytophthora infestans)
20.Phyllody is caused by-----------(Phytoplasma)
21.’ELYTRA’ is associated with---------(BEETLE)
22.’HALTERES’ is associated with---------(FLIES)
23.’HEMELYTRA’ is associated with--------(BUGS)
24.Maggot is the larval stage of --------(FLIES)
25.Nymphs are the larval stages of insects undergoing ----------------(INCOMPLETE
METAMORPHOSIS)
26.-----------is a parasite that kills its host(PARASITOID)
27.An organism that lives at the expenseof another organism(host) which it does not
usually kill is known as-------------(PARASITE)
28.----------is an organism that eats more than one other organism during its
life(PREDATOR)
29.’PROBOSCIS’ is associated with------------(MOTHS AND BUTTERFLIES)
30.Pupal stage of butterflies is termed---------(CHRYSALIS)
31.In case of insects undergoing complete metamorphosis , the stage between larva
and adult is termed as-----------------(PUPA/CHRYSALIS)
32.’STYLET’ is associated with----------(NEMATODES)
33.Any plant in the wrong place is termed----------(WEED)
34.’VAM’ means--------(VESICULAR ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZA)
35.A disease that results in the collapse and death of seedlings before or after they
emerge from the soil is known as---------(DAMPING OFF)
36.Common causing agent of Damping-off?(Pythium)
37.In plant pathology ‘MLO’ means----------(MYCOPLASMA LIKE ORGANISM)
38.Symbiotic association between a fungus and roots of plants is called-------
(MYCORRHIZA)
39.Change of floral organs to leaf like structures is known as-----------(PHYLLODY)
40.An official document that indicates that plant material has been inspected by
competent authority and found to be free of certain pathogens is termed as---------
(PHYTOSANITARY CERTIFICATE)
41.Legislative control of the transport of plants or plant parts to prevent the spread of
pests or pathogens is known as------------(QUARANTINE)
42.Holow berries are formed in Pepper due to ----------(POLLU/ANTHRACNOSE)
43.Fungal Pollu in Pepper can be controlled by---------(Spraying 1% Bordeaux Mixture)
44.Leaves of Pepper vine become abnormally narrow and sickle like due to---------caused
by Phytoplasma(LITTLE LEAF)
45.Water soaked lesions on basal portion of pseudostem of ginger causing rotting is
observed in------------disease(SOFT ROT)
46.’Irish Famine’ was due to-----------(LATE BLIGHT OF POTATO caused by Phytophthora
infestans)
47.’Bengal famine’ of 1943 was due to the failure of Rice crop affected by---------(BROWN
SPOT disease caused by Helminthosporium oryzae)
48.’SWOLLEN SHOOT’ is a virus disease affecting------------crop(COCOA)
49.’PANAMA’ disease affects--------------(BANANA)
50.’RED ROT’ is disease affecting----------------(SUGARCANE)
51.’RUST’ disease in---------severely affects its productivity(COFFEE)
52.’TRISTEZA’ is a virus disease affecting-----------crop(CITRUS)
53.’COTTONY CUSHION SCALE’ is a pest of----------(CITRUS)
54.’PINK BOLL WORM’ is a pest of------------(COTTON)
55.Any organism detrimental to man or his property in causing damage of significant
economic importance is called-------------(A PEST)
56.--------------is an indirect method of assessment of pests(REMOTE SENSING)
57--------------is a direct method of assessment of pests(LIGHT TRAPS)
58.In India , nearly--------% of total crop loss is caused by weeds(45%)
59.In India , nearly--------% of total crop loss is caused by diseases(20%)
60.In India , nearly--------% of total crop loss is caused by Insects(30%)
61.A pest causing less than 5% crop loss is termed as--------------(NEGLIGIBLE PEST)
62. A pest causing 5% to 10% crop loss is termed as--------------(MINOR PEST)
63. A pest causing more than 10% crop loss is termed as--------------(MAJOR PEST)
64.----------is a reason for pest outbreak(DEFORESTATION/PEST
RESURGENCE/MUTATION)
65.Insect pests belong to the phylum(ARTHROPODA)
66.Insects belong to the class--------(INSECTA/HEXAPODA)
67.Insects have--------pair of wings(ONE OR TWO)
68.---------is an example for insects without metamorphosis(SILVERFISH/SPRINGTAILS)
69.------------is an example for insects with incomplete metamorphosis(GRASS
HOPPERS/LOCUSTS/APHIDS/BUGS)
70.----------is an example for insects with complete
metamorphosis(MOTHS/BUTTERFLIES/FLIES/BEETLES)
71.---------is an subterranean pest(WHITE GRUB/TERMITE)
72.---------is a non-insect
pest(NEMATODES/MITES/RODENTS/SLUGS/SNAILS/BIRDS/MAMMALIAN PESTS)
73.Nematodes belong to the phylum-----------& class-----------(NEMATA & NEMATODA)
74.Small , unsegmented , soil inhabiting , plant parasitic worms are commonly referred
to as---------(NEMATODES)
75.Meloidogyne Spp. Is commonly known as-----------(ROOT KNOT NEMATODE)
76.Mites belong to the phylum---------& class-----------(ARTHROPODA & ARACHNIDA)
77.Mites prefer---------------------------type of weather(WARM , DRY WEATHER)
78.Eriophyis guerreronis is commonly known as---------------(COCONUT MITE)
79.Slugs & Snails belong to the phylum--------& class--------(MOLLUSCA & GASTROPODA)
80.---------& ----------------are gastropod pests of Orchid & Anthurium(Slugs & Snails)
81.Gastropod pests generally prefer----------conditions(COOL , DAMP)
82.Birds belong to the phylum--------and class-----------(CHORDATA & AVES)
83.Rodents belong to the phylum------& class-------------(CHORDATA & MAMMALIA)
84.-----------are the known as ‘SILENT KILLERS’ causing most extensive crop loss among
all major pests(WEEDS)
85.Any change in form , structure & appearance of an animal between birth and
maturity is referred to as--------------(METAMORPHOSIS)
86.Plant parasitic bugs belong to the order--------------(HEMIPTERA)
87.BUGS possess--------type of mouth parts(PIERCING & SUCKING)
88.In case of Bugs , fore wings are modified into----------(HEMELYTRA)
89.In case of Bugs , hind wings are of -----------type(MEMBRANEOUS)
90.Crop destructive stages in the life cycle of Bugs are-------------(ADULTS & NYMPHS)
91.----------type of insecticides are generally used in the control of Bugs(CONTACT)
92.---------------is the largest order of insects(COLEOPTERA)
93.Beetles belong to the order----------(COLEOPTERA)
94.Beetles have----------type of mouth parts(BITING & CHEWING)
95.Fore wings of Beetles are known as------------(ELYTRA)
96.Hind wings of Beetles are-----------in nature(MEMBRANEOUS)
97.Crop destructive stages in the life cycle of Beetles are-------------(ADULTS & GRUBS)
98.One fifth of the total animal species belong to -----------------(COLEOPTERA)
99.One fourth of total insect species belong to---------------(COLEOPTERA)
100.Moths & Butterflies belong to the order----------------(LEPIDOPTERA)
101.Larval stage of Lepidopteran pests are known as--------------(CATERPILLARS)
102.Lepidopteran pests have------------no. of----------------wings(FOUR no. of
MEMBRANEOUS WINGS)
103.Sucking mouth parts adults of Moths & Butterflies are known as-------------
(PROBOSCIS)
104.Caterpillars possess ------------type of mouth parts(BITING & CHEWING)
105.---------type of poisons are effective in controlling Beetles(STOMACH)
106.In case of Lepidopteran pests , control operations should target------------
stage(LARVAL)
107.-------------type of poisons are effective in control of Lepidopteran pests(STOMACH)
108.---------------are nocturnal Lepidopterans(MOTHS)
109.Thrips belong to the order-------------------(THYSANOPTERA)
110.Thrips possess-----------type of mouth parts(RASPING & SUCKING)
111.Wings of----------have long marginal fringes of hairs(THRIPS)
112.------------stage is the crop destructive stage of Lepidopteran pests(CATERPILLAR)
113.------------- stages are destructive to crops in case of Thrips(ADULTS & NYMPHS)
114.Flies belong to the order----------------(DIPTERA)
115.Flies possess-------------type of mouth parts(SPONGING/SPONGY)
116.Flies have--------pairs of active wings(ONE)
117.In case of Flies , hind wings are reduced to a club like structure called------------
(HALTERES)
118.-------------is the crop destructive larval stage of flies(MAGGOTS)
119.The young ones of insects with incomplete metamorphosis is known as-------------
(NYMPHS)
120. The young ones of insects with complete metamorphosis is known as-------------
(LARVAE)
121.-------------are the larvae of Moths & Butterflies(CATERPILLARS)
122.-------------are the larvae of Beetles(GRUBS)
123.-------------are the larvae of Flies(MAGGOTS)
124.Light traps are examples of ------------method of insect pest control(MECHANICAL)
125.’Sun heat treatment’ is an example of -----------method of insect pest
control(PHYSICAL)
126.’BAIT TRAPPING’ is an example of ------------method of insect pest
control(MECHANICAL)
127.’CROP ROTATION’ is an example of ---------method of insect pest control(CULTURAL)
128-------------is an example of cultural control of insect pests(MIXED
CROPPING/TILLING/TRAP CROPPING)
129.’GROWING RESISTANT VARIETIES’ is an example of -------------method of insect pest
control(CULTURAL)
130.Methods using Parasites & Predators are examples of -----------method of insect pest
control(BIOLOGICAL)
131.----------is an example for a Predator(LADY BIRD BEETLES/TETRAGNATHA
SPIDER/TIGER BEETLE/LYCOSA SPIDER)
132.------------is a Parasite with broad spectrum activity(Beauvaria bassiana
133.In Plant protection , ‘Bt’ means------------(Bacillus thuringiensis)
134.’Bacillus thuringiensis’ is effective in control of many pests belong to the -------
group(LEPIDOPTERAN)
135.’NPV’ means?(NUCLEAR POLYHEDROSIS VIRUS)
136.NPV effectively controls-------------(LEPIDOPTERAN PESTS)
137.------------is a fungal parasite of mites(Hirsutella thompsonii)
138.’Male sterilization technique’ was suggested by-----------(E.P.Knippling)
139.’DESTRUCTIVE INSECTS & PESTS ACT OF INDIA’ was introduced in--------(1914)
140.’Sea customs act’ of 1878 was introduced to prevent the entry of-------------(COTTON
BOLL WEEVIL)
141.’QUARANTINE LAWS’ comes under-------------(LEGAL CONTROL)
142.’PHYTOSANITARY CERTIFICATE’ is a mandatory document in proceedings of-----------
(LEGAL CONTROL)
143.’THIODAN” is the trade name of --------(ENDOSULFAN)
144.’SEVIN’ is the trade name of---------(CARBARYL)
145. ’FURADAN’ is the trade name of---------(CARBOFURAN)
146. ’EKALUX’ is the trade name of---------(QUINALPHOS)
147. ’NUVACRON’ is the trade name of---------(MONOCROTOPHOS)
148. ’THIMET’ is the trade name of---------(PHORATE)
149. ’DURSBAN’ is the trade name of---------(CHLORPYRIPHOS)
150. ’DIMECRON’ is the trade name of---------(PHOSPHAMIDON)
151. ’ROGOR’ is the trade name of---------(DIMETHOATE)
152.’NUVAN’ is the trade name of-----------(DDVP)
153. ’BLITOX’ is the trade name of---------(COPPER OXY CHLORIDE)
154. ’BAVISTIN’ is the trade name of---------(CARBENDAZIM)
155. ’HINOSAN’ is the trade name of---------(EDIPHENPHOS)
156. ’FERNOXONE’ is the trade name of---------(2,4-D)
157. ’GRAMAXONE’ is the trade name of---------(PARAQUAT)
158. ’ROUND UP’ is the trade name of---------(GLYPHOSATE)
159. ’KELTHANE’ is the trade name of---------(DICOFOL)
160.----------is an example for an antifungal antibiotic(AUREOFUNGINSOL)
161.--------is an example for an antibacterial antibiotic(AGRIMYCIN/PLANTOMYCIN)
162.---------------is an
insecticide(ENDOSULFAN/CARBARYL/CARBOFURAN/DDVP/QUINALPHOS/DIMETHOA
TE/MONOCROTOPHOS/PHORATE/CHLORPYRIPHOS/PHOSPHAMIDON)
163.----------------is a fungicide(COPPER OXY
CHLORIDE/ZINEB/THIRAM/MANCOZEB/CARBENDAZIM/EDIPHENPHOS/BENOMYL/C
APTAN)
164.--------------is an eg. For a herbicide(2,4-
D/BUTACHLOR/PARAQUAT/DIURON/GLYPHOSATE)
165.------------is an acaricide(DICOFOL/CHLOROBENZILATE)
166.-------------is an eg. for nematicide(ALDICARB/DIMETHOATE/PHORATE)
167.-----------is a commonly used Rodenticide(ALUMINIUM PHOSPHIDE)
168.------------is a Molluscicide(METALDEHYDE)
169.-------------is an eg. for a stomach poison(ENDOSULFAN/PHORATE/SEVIN)
170.MALATHION/PARATHION/QUINALPHOS are-----------poison(CONTACT)
171.-------------is a systemic
poison(MONOCROTOPHOS/PHORATE/CARBOFURAN/ROGOR)
172.-----------------is a fumigant(ALUMINIUM PHOSPHIDE/METHYL BROMIDE/DDVP)
173.------------is a physical poison(SILICA GEL/ALUMINIUM POWDER/KEROSENE
OIL/TAR OIL)
174.------------is a protoplasmic poison(FLOURINE COMPOUNDS/ARSENIC COMPOUNDS)
175.-----------is a nerve poison(ORGANO PHOSPHORUS
COMPOUNDS/CARBAMATES/NICOTINES/PYRETHRINES)
176.------------is a respiratory poison(KCN/HCN)
177.--------------is an eg. for an Inorganic insecticide(ARSENIC COMPOUNDS/FLOURINE
COMPOUNDS/SULPHUR/BORAX/ZINC PHOSPHIDE)
178.-----------is an organic insecticide of plant
origin(NICOTINE/PYRETHRINE/ROTENONE/NEEM)
179.-----------is an organic insecticide of animal origin(NEREIS TOXIN)
180.------------is an Organo chlorine insecticide(DDT/BHC)
181.-----------group of insecticides are highly persistent and not easily bio-
degradable(ORGANOCHLORINE)
182.-----------is an Organo-phosphorus
insecticide(QUINALPHOS/PHOSPHAMIDON/DIMETHOATE/MONOCROTOPHOS/PHOR
ATE/DDVP/CHLORPYRIPHOS/MALATHION)
183.’ENDOSULFAN’ is a------------insecticide(ORGANOSULPHUR)
184.---------is a Organo-carbamate insecticide(CARBARYL/CARBOFURAN/ALDICARB)
185.----------is an eg. for Cyclodiene group of
insecticides(HEPTACHLOR/ALDRIN/ENDRIN)
186.------------is a synthetic pyrethroid(ALLETHRIN/PERMETHRIN/TETRAMETHRIN)
187.---------is a Nicotinoid insecticide(IMIDACLOPRID-CONFIDOR)
188.’THURICIDE’ is insecticidal formulation developed from--------( Bacillus thuringiensis)
189.Neem oil is ----------(AN ANTIFEEDANT)
190.-----------is a pesticide
adjuvant(WETTER/SPREADER/STICKER/EMULSIFIER/CARRIER)
191.In pesticidal formulations , ‘DP’ means--------(DUSTABLE POWDER)
192. In pesticidal formulations , ‘G’ means--------(GRANULE)
193. In pesticidal formulations , ‘EC’ means--------(EMULSIFIABLE CONCENTRATE)
194. In pesticidal formulations , ‘WP’ means--------(WETTABLE POWDER)
195. In pesticidal formulations , ‘WSC’ means--------(WATER SOLUBLE CONCENTRATE)
196. In pesticidal formulations , ‘SP’ means--------(SOLUBLE POWDER)
197. In pesticidal formulations , ‘SL’ means--------(SOLUBLE LIQUID)
198. In pesticidal formulations , A ‘ F’ means--------(AQUA FLOWABLE)
199.--------is a fumigant in liquid form(METHYL BROMIDE)
200.---------is a fumigant in mixture form(ED/CT MIXTURE)
201.-----------is solid crystal fumigant(NAPHTHALENE)
202.-----------is a fumigant in dust form(CALCIUM CYANIDE/SODIUM CYANIDE)
203.------------is a BOTANICAL insecticide(TOBACCO DECOCTION/NEEM-OIL GARLIC
EMULSION/NEEM KERNEL SUSPENSION/KEROSENE SOAP EMULSION)
204.First successful Bio-control was---------(AGAINST COTTONY CUSHION SCALE USING
VEDALIA BEETLE IN USA)
205.--------is a parasite which kills its host(PARASITOID)
206.-----------is an eg.for a parasitoid(Trichogramma chilonis)
207.Reduvid bug is a predator of--------(RHINOCEROS BEETLE)
208.Amblyscius mite is used for the control of----------(COCONUT ERIOPHYID MITE)
209.---------is an egg parasite(Trichogramma sp / Telenomus sp / Tetrastychus sp)
210.--------is a larval parasite(Cotesia sp /Xanthopimpla sp/Charops sp)
211.---------is effective in the bio-control of Rhinoceros beetle(BACULOVIRUS)
212.--------pheromone is used against Red palm weevil of coconut(FERROLURE)
213.--------pheromone is used against Rhinoceros beetle of coconut(SB PHEROMONE)
214.Black Headed Caterpillar of Coconut is controlled by using the larval parasitoid-------
-------(Bracon brevicornis/Goniozus nephantidis/Elasmus nephantidis)
215.Micro-organisms that can cause disease in insects are known as-------
(ENTOMOPATHOGENS)
216.--------is an eg.for Entomopathogen(Bacillus thuringiensis)
217.----------fungus controls Rhinoceros grub(GREEN MUSCARDINE FUNGUS)
218.Cow pea aphids can be controlled biologically using-----------(Fusarium
pallidoroseum)
219.’ETL’ means?(ECONOMIC THRESHOLD LEVEL)
220.’EIL’ means?(ECONOMIC INJURY LEVEL)
221.The persistence of insecticidal residues in the food chain is called------(BIO-
MAGNIFICATION)
222.Maximum quantity of pesticide residue permitted in a foodstuff in called--------(MRL-
Maximum Residual Limit)
223.The time gap to be observed between the application of a pesticide and harvesting
of the produce for consumption is referred to as-----------(WAITING PERIOD)
224.Insecticide Act was introduced in------------(1968)
225.Insecticide rules were came into force in------------(1971)
226.---------is a larval parasite of Rice stem borer(Xanthopimpla sp)
227.---------is the study of plant diseases(PLANT PATHOLOGY)
228.Inability of a plant to resist the effect of pathogen?(SUSCEPTIBILITY)
229.An organism capable of causing disease?(PATHOGEN)
230.’MANGO BLACK TIP’ is caused by--------------(BORON DEFICIENCY)
231.--------is the fungal pathogen causing damping off(Pythium sp)
232.--------is the fungal pathogen causing Downy mildew(Peronospora sp)
233.--------is the fungal pathogen causing White rust(Albugo sp)
234.--------is the fungal pathogen causing Powdery mildew(Erysiphe sp)
235.--------is the fungal pathogen causing Rust disease(Puccinia sp)
236.--------is the fungal pathogen causing Anthracnose(Colletotrichum sp)
237.--------is the fungal pathogen causing Blast in Rice(Pyricularia sp)
238.--------is the fungal pathogen causing Brown spot disease in Rice(Helminthosporium
sp)
239.Bacterial Leaf Blight in Rice is caused by----------(Xanthomonas Spp)
240.----------is a gall forming bacteria(Agrobacterium sp)
241.----------is a virus disease(MOSAICS/MOTTLES/KATTE/KOKKAN/BUNCY TOP)
242.----------is a disease caused by Phytoplasma(LITTLE LEAF OF BRINJAL/RICE
YELLOW DWARF/ROOT WILT OF COCONUT)
243.--------is a Phanerogamic parasite(LORANTHUS/CUSCUTTA/STRIGA/OROBANCHE)
244.’OROBANCHE’ is otherwise known as---------(BROWN RAPE)
245.’STRIGA’ is otherwise known as---------(WITCH WEED)
246.’CUSCUTTA’ is otherwise known as---------(DODDER)
247.’RED RUST OF TEA’ is caused by----------------(ALGAE)
248.----------------is a water-borne disease(BACTERIAL LEAF BLIGHT & SHEATH BLIGHT
OF PADDY)
249.The plant disease symptom of dying backward from the tip of foliage is called--------
-----(DIEBACK)
250.The pathogen of a disease can be identified using------------(KOCH’S POSTULATES)
251.The study of the interrelationships between a given pathogen, its host &
environment is called-----------------(PLANT DISEASE EPIDEMIOLOGY)
252.Diseases that occurs at irregular intervals are called------------(SPORADIC DISEASES)
253.------------is a disease that have constant presence in a locality(ENDEMIC DISEASES)
254.Method applied to prevent disease occurrence are called-------------(PROPHYLACTIC
METHOD)
255.’IDM’ means?(INTEGRATED DISEASE MANAGEMENT)
256.------------is an eg.for a systemic fungicide(CARBENDAZIM/TRIDEMORPH)
257.----------is a antifungal antibiotic(AUREOFUNGINSOL/GRISEOFULVIN/VALIDAMYCIN)
258.---------is a antibacterial
antibiotic(STREPTOCYCLINE/AGRIMYCIN/PLANTOMYCIN/PAUSHAMYCIN)
259.--------------is an Inorganic fungicide(BORDEAUX MIXTURE/CHESHUNT COMPOUND)
260.Fungicidal properties of Bordeaux mixture was first identified by------------
(MILLARDET)
261.To prepare 1 litre of Bordeaux mixture , how much quantity of copper sulphate is
required?(10 gram)
262.-----------is a Bio-control agent effective against many diseases affecting
spices(Trihoderma Spp/Flourescent pseudomonas)
263.-----------is a method of Hydrothermal disinfection of soil(SOIL SOLARIZATION)
264.In soil solarization , polythene sheets of -------thickness is used(100-150 gauge)
265.’BURGUNDY MIXTURE’ is a --------------fungicide(COPPER FUNGICIDE)
266.’WHITE TIP DISEASE’ in Rice is caused by------------------(WHITE TIP NEMATODE)
267.--------------is an anticoagulant rodenticide(WARFARIN)
268.’RED SPIDER MITE’ is a pest of----------------(TAPIOCA)
269.--------------is an acute poison(ZINC PHOSPHIDE)
270.---------------is a chronic poison(WARFARIN)
271.-------------is an effective method for controlling pests of stored food grains in go
downs(FUMIGATION)
272.Fumigation is usually carried out using---------------(ALUMINIUM PHOSPHIDE)
273.-----------------is a pest of stored products(RICE WEEVIL/KHAPRA BEETLE/RED FLOUR
BEETLE/LESSER GRAIN BORER/PULSE BEETLE/CIGAR BEETLE/DRUG STORE
BEETLE/POTATO TUBER MOTH/ANGUMOIS GRAIN MOTH)
274.In the term ‘LD50’ , LD stands for?(LETHAL DOSE)
275. In the term ‘LC50’ , LC stands for?(LETHAL CONCENTRATION)
276.-----------is an annual weed plant(Leucas , Echinochloa)
277.---------is a wetland weed(Marselia / Eichhornia / Salvinia
/Nymphaea/Nelumbo/WILD RICE)
278.---------is a terrestrial weed(Eupatorium/Phyllanthus/Sida/Tridax/Emilia)
279.------------is a perennial weed plant(Cyperus)
280.African payal is biologically controlled using--------------(Cyrtobagous Spp)
281.-------------is the first herbicide manufactured and used weeds(2,4-D)
282.-------&--------are the Indian states having maximum usage of herbicides(PUNJAB &
HARYANA)
283.In Kerala , maximum herbicide usage is in ----------------(PLANTATION SECTOR)
284.Fungal origin bio-herbicides are called-------------(MYCO-HERBICIDES)
285.-------------is a MYCOHERBICIDE(DEVINE/COLLEGO/ABG 5003)
286.-----------are the bio-control agents of water hyacinth(Neochetina
weevils/Orthogalumna mite)
287.------is a bio-control agent used against Eupatorium(MEXICAN GALL FLY)
288.-------is a contact herbicide(PARAQUAT/PROPANIL)
289.------is a systemic herbicide(DALAPON/2,4-D)
290.------------is a selective herbicide(2,4-D/DALAPON/BUTACHLOR)
291.-----------is a non-selective herbicide(GLYPHOSATE/PARAQUAT)
292.-------------is a pre-emergent herbicide(ATRAZINE/DIURON/THIOBENCARB)
293.------------is a post-emergent herbicide(GLYPHOSATE/PARAQUAT)
294.2,4-D controls only---------------(BROAD LEAVED WEEDS)
295.DALAPON controls only-------------(GRASSY WEEDS)
296.Cyperus belongs to ---------------(SEDGES)
297.Herbicides are sprayed using-------------type of nozzles(FLOODJET/FLOODFAN)
298.-----------is the most expensive & essential component of a sprayer(PUMP)
299.-------are apertures to breakup the liquid into fine droplets(NOZZLES)
300.------------is a high volume sprayer(KNAPSACK/ROCKER/HAND SPRAYER)
301.---------------is a low volume sprayer(POWER SPRAYER)
302.’ULV SPRAYER’ means?(ULTRA LOW VOLUME SPRAYER)
303.ULV sprayers requires------------of spray fluid per hectare(LESS THAN 5 LITRE)
304. LOW VOLUME sprayers requires------------of spray fluid per hectare( 50 TO 200
LITRES)
305. HIGH VOLUME sprayers requires------------of spray fluid per hectare(MORE THAN
5OO LITRES)
306.Pests generally causes approximately-----------% of crop loss(30-50%)
307.Rachel Carson’s famous book ‘Silent spring’ was published in------------(1962)
308.Bengal famine of 1943 was due to a ----------(FUNGUS)
309.”All insecticides are pesticides , but not all pesticides are insecticides”. State
whether the above statement is True/False(Ans.True)
310.Which crop consumes maximum quantity of plant protection chemicals in India?
(COTTON)
311.In India-------are the largest consumed pesticides(INSECTICIDES)
312.In India , of all plant protection chemicals used , nearly 80% belongs to--------
(INSECTICIDES)
313.--------is an anti juvenile hormone insecticide(PRECOSINE)
314.----------is an example for Chemosterilant(TEPA/METEPA)
315.----------is a juvenile hormone insecticide(ALTOSID)
316.----------is an insecticide of fungal origin(SPINOSAD/MYCOTAL/VERTALEC)
317.----------is an insecticide of Actinomycetic origin(AVERMECTIN/MILBEMYCIN)
318.----------is an insecticide prepared from viruses(VIRTUSS/GYPCHEK/NEOCHEK)
319.’COPPER ARSENATE’ is otherwise known as----------(PARIS GREEN)
320.Insecticidal properties of DDT was discovered by---------(Dr. PAUL MULLER)
321. Insecticidal properties of BHC was discovered by---------(Dupire)
322.Control of Colarado potato beetle using------in 1867 was the first historically
recorded success story in the application of modern plant protection chemicals(PARIS
GREEN)
323.’VRIKSHAYURVEDA’ was written by----------(SURPALA)
324.---------discovered that copper sulphate can be used to control ‘smut’ disease in
Wheat(PREVOST, a French scientist)
325. .---------discovered that Sulphur can be used to control ‘powdery
mildew’(ROBERTSON , an English scientist)
326.---------is a copper containing fungicide(BORDEAUX MIXTURE/BURGUNDY
MIXTURE/CHESHUNT MIXTURE/CUPROUS OXIDE/COPPER OXY CHLORIDE)
327.’Thiram’ , an organo-sulphur fungicide was developed by------&------(TISDALE &
WILLIAMS)
328.--------is an eg. for organo-sulphur fungicide(MANEB/ZINEB/FERBAM)
329.--------was the first systemic fungicide(OXATHIIN)
330.’OXATHIIN’ was developed jointly by--------&-------(VON-SCHMELING & MARSHAL
KULKA)
331.---------is a systemic fungicide(BAVISTIN/RIDOMIL)
332.--------is a wetting agent in pesticide formulations(POLYETHYLENE OXIDE/FATTY
ACID ESTERS)
333.---------is an eg. for an emulsifier in pesticide formulations (SODIUM OLEATE/TRI
ETHANOL AMINE)
334.-------is an eg. for spreaders in pesticide formulations(SOAP/FLOUR)
335.-------is an eg. for stickers in pesticide formulations(FISH OIL/LINSEED OIL)
336.-------is an eg. for deflocculating agent in pesticide formulations(GELATIN)
337.------is an eg. for safeners in pesticide formulations(ZINC SULPHATE)
338.’METACID’ is the trade name of-------(METHYL PARATHION)
339. ’SUMITHION’ is the trade name of-------(FENITROTHION)
340. ’MALATHION’ is the trade name of-------(MERCAPTATHION)
341. ’ASATAF’ is the trade name of-------(ACEPHATE)
342. ’DITHANE Z 78’ is the trade name of-------(ZINEB)
343. ’DITHANE M45’ is the trade name of-------(MANCOZEB)
344. ’INDOFIL M45’ is the trade name of-------(MANCOZEB)
345. ’TILT’ is the trade name of-------(PROPECONAZOLE)
346. ’CONTAF’ is the trade name of-------(HEXACONAZOLE)
347. ’CALIXIN’ is the trade name of-------(TRIDEMORPH)
348.-----------has knock down action(PYRETHRUM)
349.Neem contains------------- which gives it insecticidal properties(AZADIRACHTIN)
350.Commercial formulation of ‘Nereistoxin’?(PADAN)
351.Insecticidal property of DDT was discovered by Dr. Paul Muller in------(1939)
352.DDT was originally discovered by-----------in 1874(OTHNAR ZEIDLAR)
353.Who discovered BHC in 1825?(MICHAEL FARADAY)
354.’LINDANE’ is a purified form of---------(BHC)
355.Expand ‘BHC’?(BENZENE HEXA CHLORIDE)
356.’BHC’ is now commonly known as---------(‘HCH’-HEXA CHLORO CYCLO HEXANE)
357.---------was the first Organo-phosphorus insecticide(BLADAN)
358.First Organo-phosphorus insecticide ‘BLADAN’ was discovered by-------in
1937(GERHARD SCHRADER)
359.Organo-phosphorus insecticides have--------activity(BROAD-SPECTRUM)
360.Food poisoning related deaths due to insecticides was reported in Kerala in
Sasthamkotta in 1960 because of--------(Presence of PARATHION in the sugar supplied
to the public)
361.-------is a systemic granular insecticide(PHORATE)
362.-------functions both as an insecticide and
nematicide(PHORATE/ALDICARB/DIMETHOATE/PHENTHOATE)
363.Synthetic pyrethroids were developed in the year--------(1973)
364.-------is a synthetic pyrethroid(Lambda Cyhalothrin/Karate)
365.In Plant Protection , ‘GV’ means----------(GRANULOSIS VIRUS)
366.--------is a fungal species having insecticidal
properties(Beauveria/Metarrhizium/Verticillium/Hirsutella/)
367.---------is a protectant fungicide(ZINEB/MANEB)
368.----------is a therapeutant fungicide(OXATHIIN/AUREOFUNGINSOL)
369. ---------is an eradicant fungicide(SULPHUR MIX)
370.----------is a contact fungicide(Bordeaux Mixture/Thiram/Maneb)
371.---------is a systemic
fungicide(Benomyl/Oxathiin/Carbendazim/Tridemorph/Metalaxyl)
372.---------is a fungicide used for seed treatment(Captan/Thiram)
373.Frech Professor Millardet identified the fungicidal properties of Bordeaux mixture
in -----(1882)
374.Bordeaux mixture is mainly used for--------(FOLIAR APPLICATION)
375.Concentration of Bordeaux mixture is--------(1%)
376. Bordeaux paste is mainly used for--------(WOUND DRESSING)
377. .Concentration of Bordeaux paste is--------(10%)
378.Cheshunt compound is mainly used for-----------(SOIL DRENCHING)
379.Cheshunt compound contains----------&---------(COPPER SULPHATE & AMMONIUM
CARBONATE)
380.-------is an eg. for Organic sulphur fungicide(Thiram/Ziram/Ferbam/Zineb/Maneb)
381.-------is an eg. for heterocyclic nitrogenous fungicide(Captafol/Captan)
382.--------is an Organo-phosphorus fungicide(Ediphenphos/Kitazin/Triodemefon)
383.--------is an eg. for anti-fungal antibiotic(Aureofunginsol/Streptomycin)
384.--------is an eg. for ‘GREEN FUNGICIDE’(Tricyclazol/Validamycin/Fosetyl-al)
385.Mites belong to the phylum--------& class--------(ARTHROPODA & ARACHNIDA)
386.------is a commonly used acaricide(Sulphur)
387.Acaricides are those pesticides which can kill--------(Mites)
388.--------is a Nematicide( D D mixture/ EDB/Vapam/Nemagon)
389.--------can be utilized as a Molluscicide(Metaldehyde/Carbofuran/Phorate/Copper
sulphate/Sodium chloride)
390.----------is a Mollusc species causing widespread damages to many crops in
Kerala(GIANT AFRICAN SNAIL)
391.------&------are the most common Gastropod pests(SLUGS & SNAILS)
392.Dust formulations are applied using --------(DUSTERS)
393.Majority of plant diseases in Kerala is caused by----------(FUNGUS)
394.--------is a fungus that causes many important plant diseases in
Kerala(Phytophthora)
395.Reproductive structures of fungus?(SPORES)
396.Fungal body is composed of---------(MYCELIA)
397.’DOWNY MILDEW’ is caused by the fungus--------(Plasmopara)
398.In Kerala , majority of plant diseases are observed in ------------(Monsoon seasons)
399.--------colour indicates extremely toxic poisons(Bright Red)
400.--------colour indicates highly toxic poisons(Bright Yellow)
401.--------colour indicates moderately toxic poisons(Bright Blue)
402.--------colour indicates slightly toxic poisons(Bright Green)
403.-------is a reason for pest outbreak(Pest resurgence)
404.’DEAD HEART’ & ‘WHITE EAR HEAD’ are symptoms of--------attack(RICE STEM
BORER)
405.---------is a tolerant variety of Rice suitable in areas having stem borer attack(IR-
20/KANCHANA)
406.’SILVER SHOOT’ is a prominent symptom of --------attack in Rice(GALL MIDGE)
407. .---------is a tolerant variety of Rice suitable in areas having Gall midge
attack(Uma/Panchami/Pavithra)
408.’Excessive tillering’ is a symptom of -------attack in very young seedlings(Gall midge)
409.-------is a pest of Rice that can cause severe damages in milky stage by making
grains chaffy(RICE BUG)
410.Keeping the field and bunds free of weeds and grasses is an effective control
measure against------------(RICE BUG)
411.’HOPPER BURN’ is the symptom of attack of------------(BROWN PLANT HOPPER)
412.---------is a BPH resistant variety of Rice(Jyothi/Bharathi/Kanakam/Pavizham/Nila)
413.’Small cylindrical cases hanging on leaves’ is a symptom of------attack(Rice case
worm)
414.’Draining water from the field’ is an effective control measure against------(Rice case
worm)
415.’Longitudinal rolling of tip of leaves into needle like outgrowths’ are symptoms of----
---attack(Rice Thrips)
416.------&------are nematode species attacking Rice(Rice Root Nematode & Rice Cyst
Nematode)
417.’Spindle shaped leaf spots with grey centre and brown margin’ are symptoms of------
(Rice Blast)
418.Rice Blast is caused by--------(Pyricularia- fungus)
419.-------is a Blast resistant variety of Rice(Kairali/Kanchana/Swarnaprabha)
420.Sheath blight in Rice is caused by--------(Rhizoctonia- fungus)
421.In Rice , Bacterial leaf blight is caused by-----------(Xanthomonas bacteria)
422.-------is a bacterial blight resistant variety of Rice(Asha/Makam/Kanakam/Jaya)
423.’Bleaching powder application’ is a method to control---------(Bacterial Leaf Blight)
424.’Cow dung slurry application’ is a method to control---------(Bacterial Leaf Blight)
425.’OOZE TEST’ can be used to detect------------(Bacterial Leaf Blight)
426.Sheath rot disease in Rice is caused by-----------(Fungus)
427.-------is a sheath rot resistant variety of Rice(Aruna/Asha/Arathi/Remya)
428.Brown spot disease in Rice is caused by-----------(Fungus)
429.Diseases affecting Rice such as Blast , sheath blight , brown spot can be effectively
controlled by using--------(Fluorescent pseudomonas bacteria)
430.------is a predator in Rice ecosystem(Spiders/Damsel fly/Dragon fly/Lady bird
beetle)
431.--------is an egg parasite that can effectively control Rice stem borer & Leaf
folder(Trichogramma sp )
432.------is a virus disease affecting Rice(Tungro/Yellow dwarf/Grassy stunt/Ragged
stunt)
433.-------is a disease of Rice affecting the grains(False smut/Udbatta)
434.’Triangular cuts on fronds’ is a symptom of -----attack in Coconut(Rhinoceros
beetle)
435.------is a bio-control agent against adult Rhinoceros beetles(Baculovirus)
436.------is a bio-control agent against the grubs of Rhinoceros beetles(Metarrhizium
anisopliae)
437.----------is an entomopathogenic fungus(Metarrhizium anisopliae)
438.Presence of holes on Coconut stem & oozing out of viscous brown fluid are
symptoms of-----attack(RED PALM WEEVIL)
439.--------is a pheromone trap used against Red palm weevil(FERROLURE)
440.Leaf eating caterpillar of Coconut is otherwise known as-------(Black headed
caterpillar)
441.------is a parasite of leaf eating caterpillar of Coconut(Goniozus
nephantidis/Elasmus nephantidis/Bracon brevicornis)
442.’Coreid bug’ is a pest of-------(Coconut)
443.’Cockchafer beetle’ is a pest of--------(Coconut)
444.’Pale yellow triangular patches seen below the perianth region of 2-3 month old
buttons’ is a major symptom of------------(Coconut Eriophyid mite attack)
445.--------is a major non-insect pest of Coconut in Kerala nowadays (Coconut Eriophyid
mite)
446.Bud rot in Coconut is caused by-------(Phytophthora –fungus)
447.------is disease caused by Phytoplasma in Coconut(Root wilt)
448.’Flaccidity and yellowing of older leaves’ are symptoms of-------(Root wilt)
449.Leaf rot in Coconut is caused by--------(Fungus)
450.Application of Bordeaux paste is recommended to control-------(Bud rot in Coconut)
451.’Stem bleeding’ in Coconut is caused by--------(Fungus)
452.------is a major pest of Banana(Pseudostem weevil)
453.’COSMOLURE’ is a pheromone trap used against--------(Banana Pseudostem weevil)
454.-------is a pest of Banana attacking its rhizome(Banana rhizome weevil)
455.Banana aphid act as vector for the transmission of---------disease in Banana(Bunchy
top)
456.------is a virus disease of Banana(Bunchy top/Kokkan)
457.-----is a variety of Banana less susceptible to Bunchy
top(Njalipoovan/Koompillakannan/Kanchikela/Karpooravally)
458.Kokkan disease of Banana was first reported from------in the variety
Nendran(Thrissur district of Kerala)
459.-------is a fungal disease of Banana(Panama wilt/Sigatoka leaf spot)
460.Fruit & Shoot borer is a major pest of--------(Brinjal/Okra)
461.’Little leaf’ disease of Brinjal is caused by--------(Phytoplasma)
462.’Yellow vein mosaic’ is a common disease in-------(Okra)
463.------is a virus disease of Okra(Yellow vein mosaic)
464.-----&-----are the vectors of yellow vein mosaic disease of Okra(White fly & Leaf
hopper)
465.-------is a Yellow vein mosaic disease resistant variety of Okra(Arka Abhay/Arka
Anamika/Susthira/Varsha)
466.Leaf spot disease in Okra is caused by------(Fungus)
467.’Banana fruit traps’ are used to control-------(Fruit fly in Bittergourd)
468.Red pumpkin beetle & Epilachna beetle are pests of-------(Cucurbits)
469.Downy mildew disease in Cucurbits is caused by-------(Fungus)
470.-----,-----&-----are bacterial wilt resistant varieties of Chilli(Manjari , Ujwala &
Anugraha)
471.--------is a leaf spot resistant variety of Amaranth(CO-1)
472.-----is an entomopathogenic fungus used against Black pea aphid of Cow
pea(Fusarium pallidoroseum)
473.Cassava mosaic disease is transmitted by-------(White fly)
474.------is a cassava mosaic tolerant variety of Tapioca(H-97)
475.Red spider mites and scale insects are important pests of-----(Tapioca)
476.In Kerala conditions , -------are the most troublesome pests of Tapioca(RODENTS)
477.-----is the major pest of Cardamom(Cardamom Thrips)
478.’AZHUKAL’ is a fungal disease affecting--------(Cardamom)
479.’KATTE’ is a virus disease affecting---------(Cardamom)
480.’Katte’ disease of Cardamom is transmitted by-------(Banana aphid)
481.’Pollu Beetle’ attacks------(Pepper berries)
482.’Marginal leaf gall thrips’ is a pest of--------(Pepper)
483.’FOOT ROT’ of Pepper is caused by-------(Phytophthora-fungus)
484.Biocontrol of Foot rot of Pepper involves use of -------
(Trichoderma/VAM/pseudomonas)
485.’Pollu disease’ in Pepper is caused by---------(Fungus)
486.’Soft rot’ is a fungal disease of---------(GINGER)
487.--------is an important pest of Mango(Mango Hopper)
488.’Tea Mosquito bug’ is a major pest of-------(Cashew)
489.’Dieback’ in Cashew is caused by-------(Fungus)
490.’SPINDLE BUG’ is a major pest of------(Arecanut)
491.’MAHALI’ is a major disease of -------(Arecanut)
492.Mahali disease of Arecanut is caused by------(Fungus)
493.Leaf curl disease in Sesamum is caused by--------(Virus)
494.Gastropod attacking anthurium is---------(Snail)
495.’Abnormal leaf fall’ is a fungal disease of---------(Rubber)
496.Abnormal leaf fall of Rubber normally occurs in------period(South-West monsoon)
497.’PINK DISEASE’of Rubber is caused by--------(Fungus)
498.Expand ‘IPM’?(Integrated Pest Management)
499.-----------is an insecticide that was banned from use recently owing to public health
hazards(Endosulfan)
500.-------is a sprayer constantly used for spraying tree crops(Rocker sprayer)
501.National flower of India?(LOTUS)
502.National fruit of India?(MANGO)
503.National tree of India?(BANYAN TREE)
504.Highest Rice producing district of Kerala?(PALAKKAD)
505.---------is known as the ‘king of forest trees’(TEAK)
506.Green revolution is associated with unprecedented increase in production of---------
&------------(RICE & WHEAT)
507.’YELLOW REVOLUTION’ is associated with------------(OIL SEEDS)
508. ’GOLDEN REVOLUTION’ is associated with------------(HORTICULTURE)
509. ’WHITE REVOLUTION’ is associated with------------(MILK)
510. ’BLUE REVOLUTION’ is associated with------------(FISH)
511. ’BROWN REVOLUTION’ is associated with------------(CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS)
512.’WORLD COCONUT DAY’ is observed on------------(SEPTEMBER 2nd)
513.’WORLD FOOD DAY’ is observed on-------------(OCTOBER 16th)
514.’KISSAN DAY’ is observed on--------------(DECEMBER 23rd)
515.------------is a scented Rice variety(BASMATHY)
516.-----------is a Rice variety rich in vitamin A (GOLDEN RICE-SUVARNA)
517.---------------is a Genetically Modified(GM) variety of Rice(GOLDEN RICE-SUVARNA)
518.The author of the book ‘THE SILENT SPRING’ is?(RACHEL CARSON)
519.---------is an instrument used to measure height , movement and velocity of
clouds(NEPHALOSCOPE)
520.The country producing largest quantity of vegetables(CHINA)
521.Position of India on vegetable production in the world(2nd)
522.--------is the country having maximum kind of vegetables(INDIA)
523.--------&-------are the major vegetable crops of the world(POTATO & ONION)
524.------,-------&------are the districts with cool season vegetable cultivation in
Kerala(IDUKKI ,WYANAD & PALAKKAD)
525.Central Potato Research Institute is located in------------(KUFRI , SHIMLA)
526. The Insecticide act was passed in Parliament in------------(1968)
527.The Insecticides Rules came into force on----------(30th of OCTOBER 1971)
528.The period of validity of the Insecticide dealer’s license is---------(2 YEARS)
529.The Essential Commodities Act was passed in------------(1955)
530.’KERALA KARSHAKAN’ is a monthly agriculture publication of-------------(FARM
INFORMATION BUREAU
531. WHO IS THE FOUNDER OF RELAY CROPPING ?( Dr. BALWANT RAJ)
532. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS BUNCH TYPE VARIETY OF GROUND NUT ?( TMV
2)
533. HIGHEST PROTEIN CONTAINER CROP?( SOY BEAN)
534. GREEN REVOLUTION PROGRAMME WAS INTRODUCED IN THE YEAR --- --(1966 –
1967)
535. NAME THE ESSENTIAL NUTREINTS AVAILABLE THROUGH AIR & WATER ?(
CARBON, HYDROGEN, OXYGEN)
536. FIRST HERBICIDE PRODUCED IN THE WORLD ?( 2, 4- D)
537. WHICH STATE PRODUCES MAXIMUM RUBBER IN INDIA?( KERALA)
538. THE LATIN WORD ‘’ AGER’’ MEANS -------( FIELD/SOIL)
539. REMOVAL OF A UNIFORM THIN LAYER OF SOIL BY THE ACTION OF WATER IS
CALLED AS -----( SHEET EROSION)
540.AVERAGE RAINFALL OF INDIA IS ------CM( 112 CM)
541.NITROGEN IS TAKEN BY THE PLANTS IN THE FORM OF -------( NITRATES)
542.WHAT IS THE OPTIMUM NUMBER OF RUBBER PLANTS / HECTARE?( 420 – 450)
543.A WEED THAT SPREAD ASTHMA?( PARTHENIUM)
544.NAME THE ACID FORMING FERTILIZER?( UREA)
545.ZINEB IS CHEMICAL USED TO CONTROL ------( FUNGAL DISEASES)
546.WATER LOGGING OF SOIL INCREASES THE AVAILABILITY OF ----------( IRON &
MANGANESE)
547.IN THE PRODUCTION OF TOBACCO INDIA RANKS ----- IN THE WORLD ( 3rd)
548.World farmer’s day is observed on---------?(Dec-29)
549.Farmer’s day in Kerala falls on-------(Chingam-1)
550.First crop season of paddy in Kerala?(Virippu)
551.Which country ranks first in coconut production?(Philippines)
552.which state ranks first in mango production in India ?(Uttar Pradesh)
553.Branch of Agriculture deals with plant disease?(Phytopathology)
554.Which state ranks first in cotton production in India ?(Gujarath)
555.First cultivated crop in the world?(Wheat)
556.Man started Agriculture in the year-------(7500BC)
557.Imperial Agricultural Research Institute was started in the year--------(1903)
558.Kerala Agricultural University started in the year----------(1971)
559.The term ‘Agriculture’ was derived from Two Latin words -----and ---------(Ager &
Cultura)
560.Highest protein containing crop?(Soybean)
561.The ability of seed to germinate is known as-----------(viability)
562.A multi seeded fruit?(Tomato)
563.Unit of reproduction of flowering plant?(Seed)
564.Expand IARI?(Indian Agricultural Research Institute)
565.Two seed testing lab in Kerala are lacated at-----&-------(Pattambi & Alappuzha)
566.Optimum temperature range for most common vegetables is--------(24◦C to 35◦C)
567.Example of a viviparous plant?( Mangrove)
568.In which year Govt. of India Passed seed act ?( 1966)
569.Expand ISTA?( International Seed Testing Association)
570.Viral disease affecting silk worm?( Grasserie)
571.Mushroom is a large fleshy ---------(Fungus)
572.Seed of mushroom is called----------(Spawn)
573.Give the names of any two edible mushrooms?(Paddy straw & Button mushroom)
574.A fungal disease of mushroom?(Soft mildew)
575.Expand IRRI?(International Rice Research Institute)
576.Which are the cropping Seasons of paddy in Kerala?( Virippu, Mundakan& Puncha)
577.First crop of Rice in Kerala is known as----------(Virippu)
578.Second crop of Rice in Kerala is known as----------(Mundakan)
579.Third crop of Rice in Kerala is known as--------(Puncha)
580.Give names of any two early duration varieties of rice?(Annapoorna, Kairali)
581.Give names of any two medium duration varieties of Rice?(Jaya, Aiswarya)
582.Give names of any two late duration varieties of Rice?(Reshmi, Neeraja)
583.The seed rate for transplanted paddy crop is------(60-85Kg/ha)
584.The seed rate for broadcasting paddy crop is------(80-100Kg/ha)
585.Top leaf just below the panicle of rice plant is called-------(Flag leaf)
586.The rice grain is botanically a-----------(Caryopsis)
587.In the rice plant ,leaves are arranged in-----------manner(Alternate)
588.The Latin word “ Cultura” means-----------(To Cultivate)
589.Embryo that are formed without fertilization is called--------(Apomictic embryos)
590.Example of an apomictic plant?(Mangosteen)
591.True to type plants are produced through--------propagation(Vegetative)
592.The production of plants from minute plant parts in an artificial medium is called---
(Micropropagation)
593.Micropropagation is based on the principle---------(Totipotency)
594.Ability of a plant cell to grow & develop to a complete plant is called------
(Totipotency)
595.----- is the process of rooting stem or branches before it is detached from the
mother plant(Layering)
596.Airlayering is also known as----------(Gooteing)
597. Brindavan garden of Mysore is an example of-------type of garden(Formal)
598.Approach grafting is also known as---------(Inarching)
599.In-------layering the rooting medium is taken to the branches(Air layering)
600.In-------type of garden contains symmetry& geometry(Formal)
601.Irregular shape is the nature of---------type of garden(Informal)
602.Groups of shrubs of different colours & sizes are known as-------(Shrubbery)
603.------are structures with thick growing shrubs neatly trimmed in the shape of
animal,birds(Topiaries)
604.--------is a small plot of rose plants grown in pots(Rosary)
605.ORGANIC MATTER CONTAIN ABOUT -----% ORGANIC CARBON( 58%)
606.DEFICIENCY OF Molybdenum IN CITRUS PLANTS RESULT IN --------(YELLOW SPOT)
607.BACTERIA PRESENT IN THE ROOT NODULES OF LEGUME PLANTS IS -------(
RHIZOBIUM)
608.THE FATHER OF MYCOLOGY IS -----------(ANTON DE BARRY)
609.SEASON FOR SECOND CROP (MUNDAKAN) IN KERALA IS-- ---( SEPT-OCT TO DEC-
JAN)
610.ASSOCIA TION OF FUNGI WITH ROOTS OF HIGHER PLANTS IS KNOWN AS -------(
MYCORRHIZA)
611.POWDERY MILDEW DISEASE IS CAUSED BY --------- (FUNGUS)
612.BLACK TIP OF MANGO IS CAUSED BY --------(BORON DEFECIENCY)
613.FIRST BACTERIAL PLANT DISEASE WAS REPORTED BY ---------( LEUWENHOEK)
614.MYCOLOGY IS THE STUDY OF -------( FUNGI)
615.CENTRAL DRYLAND RESEARCH INSTITUTE IS LOCATED AT ----------------
(HYDERABAD)
616.HIGHEST PROTEIN CONTAINING CROP IS ---------(SOYBEAN)
617. What is the contribution of the AGRICULTURE sector in the GDP of the Indian
Economy?(17.5%)
618.What is the chemical used for the cloud seeding? (Silver Iodide)
619.What is the name of the first Genetically Modified crop that was given permission
to be grown in India? ( Bt Cotton)
620. The crops which the farmers grow for earning money and trade are called….?
(Commercial crop)
621. What is HYVS in reference to agriculture?(High Yielding Variety Seeds)
622. Which country stands first in milk production in world?(India)
623. What is " sericulture"?(Silkworm rearing)
624. What is the rank of India in Livestock population in the world?(First)
625. On what day "World Day of Water" is celebrated?()
626. World Food Day is celebrated on which date every year?(October 16)
627. "Inter-racial hybridization programme between japonicas and indicas was initiated
during 1950-54. "Which crop does this signify?(Rice)
628. Arka Kirthiman' and 'Arka Lalima' are two new varieties of which crop introduced
by Indian Institute of Horticulture Bangalore?(Onion)
629. Who is the pioneer of operation flood in India?(Dr.Varghese Kurian)
630. "Yellow Revolution" is related to which area?(Oilseeds)
631. What is" Round Revolution" is related to in agriculture?(Potato)
632. What is " Silviculture" related to ?(Forest trees)
633. Where is Indian Institute of Horticultural Research?(Bangalore)
634.Where is Central Institute for Subtropical Horticulture?(Lucknow)
635. Where is National Research Centre for Citrus ?(Nagpur)
636. Where is National Research Centre for Grapes ?(Pune)
637. Where is National Research Centre for Banana ?(Trichy)
638. Where is National Research Centre for Litchi ?(Muzaffarpur)
639. Where is All India Coordinated Research Project on Tropical Fruits?(Bangalore)
640. Where is All India Coordinated Research Project on Sub-Tropical Fruits?(Lucknow)
641. Which crop is affected by Karnal Bunt?(Wheat)
642. Agriculture Insurance Company of India Limited is a public sector undertaking has
its headquarters at-------- ?(New Delhi)
643. In which year National Seed Policy was announced?(2002)
644. For which crop Drip Irrigation has been found most successful?(Grapes)
645. What is the percentage of Nitrogen in DAP?(18%)
646. West Coast Tall is a variety of which plantation crop?(Coconut palm)
647. Coconut Research Station is a part of which university?(Kerala Agriculture
University)
648. Which organism is used for vermicomposting? (Earthworm)
649. What is "Apis mellifera"?(European honey bee)
650.Who is the highest producer of Banana in the world?(India)
651. Who is the highest producer of Buffalo milk in the world?(India)
652.What is India’s global position in production of cashew nut?(2nd)
653. Who is the world’s highest producer of coconut?(Indonesia)
654. What is India’s global position in production of coconut?(3rd)
655. Who is the highest producer of cow milk in the world?(USA)
656. What is India’s global position in production of cow milk?(2nd)
657. Who is the world’s highest producer of goat milk?(India)
658. Who is the world’s highest producer of Jute?(India)
659. Who is the world’s highest producer of Mango?(India)
660. Who is the world’s highest producer of Natural Rubber?(Thailand)
661. What is India’s global position in production of Onions?(2nd)
662. What is India’s global position in production of potatos?(3rd)
663. What is India’s global position in production of Rice?(2nd)
664. Who is the world’s highest producer of Rice?(China)
665. Who is the world’s highest producer of sugarcane?(Brazil)
666. What is India’s global position in production of sugarcane?(2nd)
667. What is India’s global position in production of Tea?(2nd)
668. Who is the world’s highest producer of Tea?(China)
669. What is India’s global position in production of Tobacco?(3rd)
670. What is India’s global position in production of wheat?(2nd)
671. Who is the world’s highest producer of wheat?(China)
672. Who is the world’s highest producer of Apple?(China)
673. Who is the world’s highest producer of Tapioca?(Nigeria)
674. What is India’s global position in production of Cauliflower & Cabbage?(2nd)
675. What is India’s global position in production of Ginger?(1st)
676. Agriculture growth rate for Tenth five year Plan (2002-2007) was----------( 1.8%)
677 . Agriculture growth rate target for 11th five year plan is-----------( 4%)
678 . Agriculture sector provides employment to --------% of country’s workforce (58.4%)
679 . India holds--------- position in the world in the production of sugarcane and sugar
combined(First)
680 . What is India’s global position in production of vegetable?(2nd)
681 .Who is the world’s highest producer of vegetable?(China)
682 . India’s share in the world production of mango is about ----------(54%)
683 . ------------- is the highest wheat producing state of India(Uttar Pradesh)
684. The highest rice producing State of India is---------------------- (West Bengal)
685. The highest pulses & Soybean producing state of India is----------( Madhya Pradesh)
686. The highest cereals producing state of India is------------( Maharashtra)
687. ----------- is the largest producer of coffee in the India(Karnataka)
688. The highest Natural Rubber producing state of India is------------( Kerala)
689.Kerala accounts for-------% of production &---------% of area under cultivation of
Natural Rubber in the country(90% & 85%)
690.What is India’s global position in production of fruits?(2nd)
691.What is India’s global position in production of Cotton?(2nd)
692.What is India’s global position in production of Black Pepper?(1st)
693.What is India’s global position in production of food grains?(3rd)
694. . What is India’s global position in fish production ?(3rd)
695.’ALPHONSO’ is a variety of---------(Mango)
696. The highest Banana producing state of India is------------( Tamilnadu)
697. The highest grapes producing state of India is------------( Maharashtra)
698.’Thomson seedless’ is a variety of------------(Grapes)
699. The highest Guava producing state of India is------------( Bihar)
700. The highest Potato producing state of India is------------( Uttar Pradesh)
701.’Kufri jyothi’ is a variety of--------------(Potato)
702.’Pusa Ruby’ is a variety of----------------(Tomato)
703. The highest Tomato producing state of India is------------( Andhra Pradesh)
704. The highest Brinjal producing state of India is------------( West Bengal)
705. The highest Cabbage producing state of India is------------( West Bengal)
706.In --------Imperial Agricultural Research Institute(IARI) was started at Pusa in
Bihar(1903)
707.Sugarcane Breeding Station was established in 1912 at --------(Coimbatore)
708.India’s first Agricultural university was started in------at-------(1964 , Pantnagar)
709.Most of the commercial crops were introduced to India by-------(Portuguese)
710.’Agrostology’ is the study of--------(Fodder grasses)
711.’Glycine max’ is--------(Soybean)
712.’Pomology’ is the study of---------(Fruits)
713.’Olericulture’ is the study of--------(Vegetables)
714.’Arboriculture’is the study of--------(Growing trees)
715.Sunhemp is a---------crop(Green manure)
716.--------is the study of field crops(Agronomy)
717.Black cotton soils are found in -----------Taluk of Kerala( Chittoor Taluk of Palakkad
district)
718.pH of Black cotton soils ranges between(6.5 to 8.5)
719.Red soils are seen in ---,---,&---localities of Thiruvananthapuram
district(Nemom,Neyyatinkara & Parassala)
720.Pokkali & Kaipad areas have prominence of----type of soil(Acid-saline)
721.A crop that can be successfully cultivated in Acid-saline soil?(Paddy)
722.Acid-saline soils have a pH range of(3 to 5)
723.Frequent presence of partially decomposed organic residues such as remnants of
fossilized trees are salient features of ----soil(Kari soil)
724.Kari soils of Kerala is otherwise known as---(Peat soils)
725.Kari soils of Kuttanad area y mainly seen in ---,----&----
locaities(Purakkad,Ambalappuzha & Thakazhi)
726.Main crop of Kari soil localities?(Paddy)
727.The soil type seen at or below Mean Sea Level frequently influenced by flooding
and resultant water stagnation (Kari soil)
728.Sand content of coastal alluvium is greater than ----& clay content is than----
(80%,15%)
729.Kerala has ---no. of soil types(9)
730.---are the most prominent soil type of Kerala(Laterites)
731.Liming materials suitable for correction of acidity
includes(Limestone,Quicklime,hydrated lime)
732.The neutralizing power of a liming material is expressed in Kgs of ------(Calcium
Carbonate)
733.Neutralizing power of burnt lime is?(182.1)
734. Neutralizing power of hydrated lime is?(136.9)
735.---,---&---districts of Kerala lacks any sort of coastal geographical
features(Idukki,Wayanad&Palakkad)
736.In Kerala,midland is identified in all districts except---(Wayanad)
737.In kerala midland area mainly composed of ---type of soil(Laterite)
738.In Kerala , upland has an elevation range of ----(300 to 600m)
739.In Kerala Plantation crops are mainly cultivated in----belt(upland)
740.---&---are important soil types of upland(hill and forest soils)
741.In Kerala , highland has an elevation range of ---(600 to 1200m)
742.---is the highest peak in Kerala with an elevation of ---m(Anamudi(Idukki district) ,
2694m)
743.Forest soils are mostly seen in ---areas of Kerala(Highland)
744.Kerala has ---no. of east flowing rivers and ---no. of west flowing rivers(3 , 41)
745.The climate of Kerala is particularly referred as----(Humid tropical)
746.Contribution of South-West monsoon to the total annual rainfall of Kerala(60%)
747.Salts of strong bases and weak acids are used for correcting---(Acidity)
748.pH measurements of soil in the laboratory is done with---and in the field with---
(ELECTROMETRIC METHOD , INDICATOR METHOD)
749.Fungi are very active ---pH because of their facultative way of living(LOWER)
750.In normal soils bacteria and actinomycetes thrives better in ----pH
value(INTERMEDIATE & HIGHER)
751.Phosphorus availability is maximum at a pH range of ---(6 & 7)
752.In a soil when the exchangeable Calcium and Magnesium are lost by leaching , the
acidity of the soil gradually---(INCREASES)
753.When other factors are equal , the buffering capacity of a soil is directly
proportional to its---(CATION EXCHANGE CAPACITY)
754.A low Percentage Base Saturation(PBS) in soil means----(ACIDITY)
755.Organic matter decomposition results in ---acid production(CARBONIC)
756.Inorganic acids such as Sulphuric acid & Nitric acid are potent suppliers of ----ions
in the soil(HYDROGEN)
757.----is known as the fundamental process of soil formation(WEATHERING)
758.The pH of mineral soils tends to ----during summer(DECLINE)
759.The hydrogen ion in soil solution produces-----(ACIDITY)
760.Quantity of lime required to neutralize the acidity of a soil depends on both-----&-----
(ACTIVE & RESERVE ACIDITY)
761.Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) is a physical property exhibited by ----(SOIL
COLLOIDS)
762.-------of a soil colloid is the capacity to adsorb or release nutrients(CEC)
763.When the soil solution has a prominence of H+ ions over OH- ions , the soil is said
to be(ACIDIC)
764.In soil testing laboratories Gypsum requirements is found out by using----
method(SCHOONORVAR’S)
765.For soils having a pH above ----lime recommendation is not necessary(6.4)
766.In soil testing laboratories , ------method is used for the estimation of
Potassium(FLAME PHOTOMETRIC)
767. In soil testing laboratories , ------method is used for the estimation of
Phosphorus(BRAY’S)
768.In soil testing organic carbon is estimated by using-----method(CALORIMETRIC)
769.In soil testing soil nitrogen is estimated from the calculation of ------(ORGANIC
CARBON)
770.Nitrogen containing organic compounds on anaerobic decomposition yield -----&-----
-(AMINES&AMMONIA)
771.The Total Soluble Salts(TSS) of soil is estimated by using the instrument-----(A
STANDARD CONDUCTIVITY METER)
772.Oxidation status of -----&------particularly influences soil colour(IRON & ALUMINIUM)
773.For estimating soil pH approximately-----gram of processed soil is used(10GRAM)
774.The representative soil sample taken for soil testing is referred to as ------
(COMPOSITE SOIL SAMPLE)
775.In soil sampling , soils up to a depth of ------inches is collected from surface soil(9
INCHES)
776.Presence of sufficient Oxygen in soils is generally indicated by -----colour of
soil(GREY)
777.Under normal conditions carbon in well aerated soils is converted to -----and in
poorly aerated water logged conditions converted to-------(CARBON DIOXIDE ,
METHANE)
778.Vermiculite is a secondary mineral containing ------(MAGNESIUM)
779.Clay soils contains at least -----% by weight of clay separates(35%)
780.Anaerobic decay of organic matter produces------&-------(CARBON DIOXIDE ,
ORGANIC ACIDS)
781.Aerobic organisms require gaseous-------for their activity(OXYGEN)
782.Which is the common field method for determining the class of a soil?(FEEL
METHOD)
783.The slow rate of decay of plant residues in swampy areas is due to lack of -----
(OXYGEN)
784.High temperature favours the production of ------because of the greater microbial
activity(CARBON DIOXIDE)
785.In soil the ----------content is generally higher during summer and lower during
winter(CARBON DIOXIDE)
786.Particle density of a mineral soil is expressed in------(GRAM/CC)
787.-------is defined as the mass of a unit volume of dry soil which include soil particles
and soil pores(BULK DENSITY)
788.Soils which are loose and porous will have-----bulk densities(LOW)
789.Sandy soil usually has -----level of bulk density(LOW)
790.The composition of soil air may vary with------(ORGANIC MATTER CONTENT)
791.The concentration of both Oxygen and Carbon dioxide are directly related to-------
(SOIL ORGANIC MATTER)
792.The Carbon dioxide content in soil air usually increases and the Oxygen content
decreases with -----(SOIL DEPTH)
793.Granulated soils have ------bulk density values(LOW)
794.Excessive build up of -----in soil air will retard plant growth(CARBON DIOXIDE)
795.-------&--------are two mechanisms that control the exchange of gases between the
soil and the atmosphere(MASS FLOW & DIFFUSION)
796.The Oxygen content of soil air is ------than that in the atmosphere(LOWER)
797.The soil structure usually found in surface soils with high organic matter content?
(GRANULAR & CRUMB)
798.Sufficient supply of -------is essential for the biological processes occur in
soil(OXYGEN)
799.Percentage mineral matter content of a typical soil on volume basis is-------(45%)
800.A primary mineral containing Potassium?(FELDSPAR)
801.Which is the most prominent primary mineral in sandy soil?(QUARTZ)
802.Plasticity is a property exhibited by---------(HEAVY SOIL)
803.Soils dominated by --------is known as light soil(SAND SEPARATES)
804.The highest limit in size of soil particles is?(2 MILLIMETER)
805.Clay particles have a size of ------------in diameter(LESS THAN 0.002 MILLIMETER)
806.The arrangement of soil particles into groups or aggregates?(SOIL STRUCTURE)
807.Soil structure & soil texture are two important -------properties of soil(PHYSICAL
PROPERTIES)
808.Who is regarded as the father of modern pedology?( VASILY DOKUCHAEV)
809.----------is a metamorphic rock(SLATE)
810.Organic colloid of the soil is known as-------(HUMUS)
811.The area of land represented by one soil profile is-------(PEDON)
812.The inorganic colloid of the soil is referred to as--------(CLAY MINERALS)
813.The percentage volume composition of organic matter in a typical soil is ------(5%)
814.Marble is formed from-----(LIMESTONE)
815.Granite and Basalt are -------type of rocks(IGNEOUS)
816.In a soil profile , B2 horizon is otherwise known as--------(ILLUVIAL ZONE OR ZONE
OF DEPOSITION)
817.In a soil profile , A2 horizon is referred to as--------(ELUVIAL ZONE OR ZONE OF
LEACHING)
818.In a soil profile litter represents ------horizon(A00 OR O1)
819.In a soil profile , A3,B1&B3 horizons are known as-------(TRANSITIONAL LAYERS)
820.The ‘C’ horizon of soil represents---------(PARENT MATERIAL)
821.In a soil profile , ‘A’ & ‘B’ horizons together is known as--------(SOLUM)
822.The vertical section of a soil from surface to the bedrock is called--------(SOIL
PROFILE)
823.------is a metamorphic rock formed from limestone(MARBLE)
824.-------is an eg. for acidic igneous rock(GRANITE)
825.---------is an eg. For a secondary clay mineral(MONTMORILONITE/ILLITE/CALCITE)
826.---------is an eg. For a primary clay mineral present in the
soil(QUARTZ/FELDSPAR/MICA)
827.In a typical soil , the percentage by volume of soil air is---------(25%)
828. .In a typical soil , the percentage by volume of soil water is---------(25%)
829.The study of soil in relation to its taxonomy is---------(PEDOLOGY)
830.The study of soil in relation to its nutrients is----------(EDAPHOLOGY)
831.Three main types of rocks are------,-------- &--------(IGNEOUS , SEDIMENTARY &
METAMORPHIC)
832.Physical and chemical disintegration and decomposition of rocks is known as--------
(WEATHERING)
833.Unconsolidated material overlying bedrock is known as---------(REGOLITH)
834.The relative proportions of various soil separates in a soil is termed as-------(SOIL
TEXTURE)
835.The main soil separates are-----,-------&-------(SAND,SILT&CLAY)
836.Soil separates having a size range of 0.05mm to 2mm is referred to as-------(SAND)
837. Soil separates having a size range of 0.002mm to 0.05mm is referred to as-------
(SILT)
838. Soil separates having a size of less than 0.002mm is referred to as-------(CLAY)
839.Sandy soils contain at least -------% of sand separates(70%)
840. Silty soils contain at least -------% of silt separates(80%)
841. Clayey soils contain at least -------% of clay separates(35%)
842.---------soils contains equal proportions of ------,-------&---------(SAND,SILT & CLAY)
843.Dark colour of soil is normally associated with--------(DECOMPOSING ORGANIC
MATTER)
844.-------structure &--------texture are ideal for plant growth(CRUMB & LOAMY)
845.The concept of pH scale was formulated by---------(SORENSON)
846.Alkaline soils have more-----ions & less------ions(OH- & H+)
847. Acidic soils have more-----ions & less------ions( H+ & OH-)
848.Soils of Kerala are mainly------(ACIDIC)
849.Soils of Kerala generally have ------CEC(LOW)
850.Soils of Kerala generally have -------Water Holding Capacity(LOW)
851.------type of soils are found in the southern parts of Thiruvananthapuram
district(RED LOAM)
852.Colour of red loam soils is due to the presence of-------(HAEMATITE)
853.-------type of soils covers about 65% of total area of Kerala(LATERITE)
854.--------type of soils are developed from recent marine deposits(COASTAL ALUVIUM)
855.Soil type seen along the banks of rivers and their tributaries( RIVERINE ALLUVIUM)
856.Onattukara alluvium is seen in -----,------&--------taluks of Alappuzha & Kollam
districts(KARTHIKAPALLY,MAVELIKKARA & KARUNAGAPALLY)
857.Onattukara alluvium is essentially--------(MARINE DEPOSITS)
858.-------type of soils are seen in valley bottoms as result of sedimentation
deposits(BROWN HYDROMORPHIC)
859.Kuttanad soils can be grouped into ------,-------&-------(KAYAL SOIL ,KARAPPADAM
SOIL & KARI SOIL)
860.-------soils are rich in Calcium due to the presence of lime shells(KAYAL SOILS)
861.--------soil covers major portion of Kuttanad(KARAPPADAM SOILS)
862.-------soils are developed from dead remains of plants and hence contain large
quantity of undecomposed organic matter(KARI SOIL)
863.------erosion occurs in environment naturally but very slowly(GEOLOGIC)
864.---------erosion is a result of human activities(ACCELERATED)
865.-------is a type of water erosion(SPLASH EROSION/SHEET EROSION/RILL
EROSION/GULLY EROSION)
866.---------is a type of wind erosion(SALTATION/SUSPENSION/SURFACE CREEP)
867.---------is an agronomic method of soil and water
conservation(MULCHING/CONTOUR FARMING/STRIP CROPPING/ALLEY
CROPPING/MULTI TIER CROPPING/MIXED CROPPING/COVERCROPPING)
868.---------is an engineering(Mechanical) method of soil and water conservation(BASIN
LISTING/SUBSOILING/CONTOUR BUNDING/BENCH TERRACING/SOAK PITS/CHECK
DAMS/GABIONS)
869.--------is a physical hydrological unit in which water from all over the area flows to a
common drainage channel or outlet(WATERSHED)
870.Macro-Watersheds has an area of-------------(50,000 HECTARE OR MORE)
871.Sub- Watersheds has an area of--------------------(10,000 to 50,000 HECTARE)
872. Milli- Watersheds has an area of--------------------(1000 to 10,000 HECTARE)
873.Micro-Watersheds has an area of--------------------(100 to 1000 HECTARE)
874.Mini-Watersheds has an area of----------------------(UPTO 100 HECTARE)
875.A soil with pH value 4.7 can be termed as---------------(ACIDIC)
876.Black Cotton soils seen in the Chittur Taluk of Palakkad district is essentially----------
in reaction(ALKALINE)
877.-------is the most serious form of water erosion(Gully erosion)
878.Most common form of water erosion?(Splash erosion)
879.----------is an erosion permitting crop(Sorghum/Maize/Tapioca)
880.----------is an erosion resisting crop(Groundnut/Horsegram)
881.In acid soils ,application of--------reduces acidity(Lime)
882.Centre of origin of Cucumber?(INDIA)
883.Recommended spacing of Snakegourd in Kerala?(2×2m)
884.A cucurbit used in confectionary?(ASHGOURD)
885.Most serious pest of cucurbits in Kerala?(FRUIT FLY)
886.’PUSA SUMMER PROLIFIC LONG’ is a variety of-----------(BOTTLEGOURD)
887.’SUGAR BABY’ is a high yielding variety of-----------(WATERMELON)
888.Centre of origin of Brinjal?(INDIA)
889.Fertilizer recommendation for Tomato in Kerala?(75:40:25 kg NPK/ha)
890.------------is a single seeded cucurbit(CHOW-CHOW)
891.Cool season vegetables can be grown profitably in --------------(VATTAVADA
LOCALITY OF IDUKKI DISTRICT)
892.Number one vegetable crop at global level?(POTATO)
893.---------is a shade tolerant vegetable(COLOCASIA)
894. -------&-------are vegetables of Indian origin(BRINJAL & SNAKEGOURD)
895.Bacterial Wilt of Brinjal is caused by------------(Ralstonia solanacearum)
896.’Little leaf’ of Brinjal is caused by------(PHYTOPLASMA)
897.----------is a perennial cucurbit(COCCINIA-KOVAL)
898.A shade loving leafy vegetable(WATER LEAF)
899.--------&-------are cucurbits used for treatment of Diabetis(BITTERGOURD &
COCCINIA)
900.Indian Institute of Vegetable Research is located in---------(VARANASI, UTTAR
PRADESH)
901.Asian Vegetable Reearch and Development Council(AVRDC) is located in?
(TAIWAN)
902.-------is a transgenic variety of tomato(FLAVR SAVR)
903.-------is a bacterial wilt resistant variety of tomato(SAKTHI/MUKTHI)
904.’PUSA RUBY’ is a variety of---------(TOMATO)
905.’PUSA PURPLE CLUSTER’ is a bacterial wilt resistant variety of---------(BRINJAL)
906.--------is a bacterial wilt resistant variety of Brinjal released by Kerala Agriculture
University(SURYA/SWETHA/HARITHA)
907.-----------is a F1 hybrid of Brinjal(NEELIMA)
908.’PUSA JWALA’ & ‘PUSA SADABAHAR are varieties of------------(CHILLIES)
909.-------&-------are varieties of Chillies released by Kerala Agriculture
University(JWALAMUKHI & JWALASAKHI)
910.’ARKA JYOTHI’ is a hybrid variety of --------------(WATERMELON)
911.------------is a variety of Ashgourd(INDU/KAU LOCAL)
912.’KAUMUDI’ is a variety of -------------(SNAKEGOURD)
913.’PREETHI’ is variety of-----------(BITTERGOURD)
914.-------------is a variety of Cucumber(MUDICODE LOCAL/SOUBHAGYA/ARUNIMA)
915.’SARIKA’ , ‘MALIKA’ , & ‘VAIJAYANTHI’ are varieties of-------------(COW PEA)
916.----------is a Moringa(DRUM STICK) variety(KM-1 , PKM-1)
917.’ARUN’ , ‘KANNARA LOCAL’ are varieties of--------------(AMARANTHUS)
918.Lalbagh gardens is located in-------------(Bangalore ,Karnataka)
919.Brindavan gardens is located in-------------(Mysore ,Karnataka)
920.Shalimar gardens is located in------------------(SRINAGAR , JAMMU & KASHMIR)
921.Pinjore gardens is located in--------------(HARYANA)
922.--------------is known as the ‘QUEEN OF SPICES’(CARDAMOM)
923.-------is a variety of Cardamom(ICRI-1/ICRI-2/PV-1/PV-2/MUDIGERE1&2)
924.’NJALLANI’ is a variety of------------------(CARDAMOM)
925.--------------is renowned as ‘THE KING OF SPICES’(PEPPER)
926.----------is a variety of Pepper(Panniyur-1,2,3,4,5,6&7)
927.The state of the atmosphere at any particular time is called---------(THE WEATHER)
928.The state of the atmosphere over a period of time is known as--------(CLIMATE)
929.Intensity of sunlight is measured by means of----------(LUXMETER)
930.Duration of sunlight is measured by using-----------(SUNSHINE RECORDER)
931.The Stevenson’s screen which is used to measure atmospheric temperature has as
many as -----no. of thermometers in it?(FOUR)
932.Boiling point of water in the Fahrenheit scale is------------(212◦)
933.Freezing point of water water in the Fahrenheit scale is------------(32◦)
934. Freezing point of water water in the Kelvin scale is------------(273◦)
935. Boiling point of water water in the Kelvin scale is------------(373◦)
936.Isobars connect stations of same--------(ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE)
937.----------is a temperate crop(APPLE/PEACH/BARLEY/POTATO)
938.----------is a sub-tropical crop(TEA/CITRUS)
939.----------is a tropical crop(RICE/COCONUT/BANANA)
940.Fortin’s Barometer is used to measure--------------( ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE)
941.The atmospheric wind velocity is measured by using---------------(ANEMOMETERS-
ROBINSON’S CUP ANEMOMETER/THE DINES PRESSURE TUBE ANEMOMETER)
942.--------------is the instrument which is used to indicate the direction of wind(THE WIND
VANE)
943.Actual quantity of water held by a certain quantity of air is called---------(ABSOLUTE
HUMIDITY)
944.Hygrometer is used to measure -------------(ATMOSPHERIC HUMIDITY)
945.In evapotranspiration , loss of water occurs from-------&---------(SOIL & PLANT
SURFACES)
946.Evapotranspiration is measured by using the instrument---------(PAN
EVAPORIMETER)
947.------is the most important form of precipitation on earth(RAINFALL)
948.Rainfall measurement is done with--------(RAIN GAUGE)
949.Rainfall periods in India is commonly referred to as----------(MONSOONS)
950.The South-West monsoon rainfall in Kerala is popularly known as---------
(KALAVARSHAM/EDAVAPATHY)
951.North-East monsoon rainfall in Kerala is popularly called--------(THULAVARSHAM)
952.The South-West monsoon period in Kerala is from-------to-------(JUNE TO AUGUST)
953. The North-East monsoon period in Kerala is from-------to--------(OCTOBER TO
NOVEMBER)
954.Coastal length of Kerala is around----------km(580km)
955.Kerala’s climate in general is referred to as-----------(HUMID TROPICAL)
956.Kerala receives nearly---------of rainfall annually(300 centimeters/3000 millimeters)
957.Kerala receives summer showers during the period---------(JANUARY TO MAY)
958.In Kerala , maximum rainfall till date was recorded at----------(NERYAMANGALAM-
500 cm)
959. In Kerala , lowest rainfall till date was recorded at----------(KUMILY-64 cm)
960.Kerala has -------no. of agro-climatic zones(13)
961.-----------is an example for a cool season crop(BARLEY/WHEAT/POTATO/CARROT)
962.Cool season crops prefers a temperature range of-----------(14.5 ◦C to 32◦C)
963.Tropical crops prefers a temperature range of-----------(30 ◦C to 38 ◦C)
964.---------is a short day plant(RICE/SOYBEAN/TOBACCO/MAIZE)
965.--------is a long day plant(WHEAT/BARLEY/SUGAR BEET)
966.--------is a photo-insensitive rice varirty(I.R.8/JAYA)
967.Both short day plants and long day plants beongs to --------group(PHOTOSENSITIVE
PLANTS)
968.Photo-insensitive plants are otherwise known as-------------(DAY NEUTRAL PLANTS)
969.Upper limit of atmosphere is--------(750 miles)
970.Ozone depletion is caused by ------------(GREEN HOUSE EFFECT)
971.--------is a major component of green house gases(CHLORO-FLOURO CARBONS)
972.Earth’s gaseous envelope held by gravity is called-------(ATMOSPHERE)
973.The electrically charged layer of the atmosphere--------(IONOSPHERE)
974.The ratio of reflected radiation to incident radiation-------(ALBEDO)
975.Plants which thrives in water rich conditions---------(HYDROPHYTES)
976.--------are plants which require very low moisture/rainfall(XEROPHYTES)
977.Sun will be on the equator on-------(MARCH 21st)
978.------is the unit of atmospheric pressure(Dynes/square centimeter OR
Newtons/square centimeter/Pascal)
979.-----is the imaginary line joining the poles of earth(LONGITUDE)
980.Angular distance measured from equator is called------(LATITUDE)
981.Psychrometer is used to measure-------(RELATIVE HUMIDITY)
982.Line joining places having same wind speed(ISOTACHS)
983.Line joining places having same rainfall(ISOHYET)
984.Thermometer was invented by-------(GALILEO GALILEI)
985.Rainy day is a day with----------rainfall(2.5mm or more)
986.In Kerala artificial rain simulation experiments were conducted at--------(IDUKKI)
987.The headquarters of Indian Meteorological Department is located at------(PUNE ,
MAHARASHTRA)
988.------is the instrument used to measure evapo-transpiration from the
crop(LYSIMETER)
989.Surface temperature of sun is---------(6000◦Kelvin)
990.The visible part of light which is least important in photosynthesis is-------(GREEN
LIGHT)
991.Response of plants to the relative lengths of day and night is called------
(PHOTOPERIODISM)
992.-------is a day neutral plant(TOMATO)
993.Plants which can grow under shaded conditions are called------(SCIOPHYTES)
994.NRSA is located at-------(HYDERABAD)
995.---------is the ideal range of temperature suitable for most agricultural crops(10 to
40◦C)
996.Major share of annual rainfall in India occurs during------(SOUTH-WEST MONSOON)
997.-------is the instrument used to measure direct radiation from sun(PYRHELIOMETER)
998.’METEOROLOGICA’ is an ancient book compiled by------(ARISTOTLE)
999.Horizontal movement of air is called-------(WIND)
1000.------clouds are associated with rainfalls(NIMBUS)
1001.The’ WORLD METEOROLOGICAL ORGANISATION(WMO) DAY’ is observed on-----
(MARCH 23rd)
1002.The following is a green house gas------(METHANE/CARBON DIOXIDE/NITROUS
OXIDE/CHLOROFLOUROCARBONS/OZONE)
1003. Weather making layer of atmosphere is-------(TROPOSPHERE)
1004.Studies on weather in relation to crop growth comes under--------(Agricultural
Meteorology)
1005.The standard atmospheric pressure at sea level is--------(1013 mb)
1006.Normal date of commencement of South-West monsoon in India is-----(JUNE 1st)
1007.-------is the nearest layer of atmosphere to earth(TROPOSPHERE)
1008.-------is the atmospheric layer above troposphere(STRATOSPHERE)
1009.Beaufort’s scale is used to measure-------(WIND SPEED)
1010.Agro-meteorological observations are made twice daily at-------(7 & 14 hrs.LMT)
1011.Rainfall observations are made at--------in Agro-meteorological observatories( 8.30
& 14 IST)
1012.Percentage of Nitrogen in the atmosphere-------(78.09%)
1013.Percentage of Oxygen in the atmosphere-------(20.95%)
1014.Percentage of Carbon Dioxide in the atmosphere-------(0.03%)
1015.Percentage of Hydrogen in the atmosphere-------(0.00005%)
1016.------is a high cloud(CIRRUS/CIRRO-STRATUS/CIRRO-CUMULUS)
1017.-------is a middle cloud(ALTO-STRATUS/ALTO-CUMULUS)
1018.-------is a low cloud(STRATO-CUMULUS/NIMBUS)
1019.Short range weather forecasting is applicable for-------(1-2 DAYS)
1020. Medium range weather forecasting is applicable for-------(3-10 DAYS)
1021. Short range weather forecasting is applicable for-------(MORE THAN 10 DAYS)
1022.The term ‘MONSOON’ was derived from the Arabic word--------(MAUSAM meaning
season)
1023.Air temperature , humidity , pressure , wind speed & direction in the upper
atmosphere is measured by-------(RADIOSONDE)
1024.Crop distribution throughout the world is largely influenced by--------(CLIMATE)
1025.Atmospheric pressure normally---------with increase in altitude(DECREASES)
1026.Highest rainfall in India is observed at---------(MOUSINRAM)
1027.Headquarters of WMO(World Meteorological Organisation) is located at--------
(GENEVA , SWITZERLAND)
1028. ----&------are the substances used for artificial rain simulation(SILVER IODIDE &
SODIUM CHLORIDE)
1029.Father of Agro-meteorology in India(L.A.RAMDAS)
1030.------is the international standard unit of pressure(PASCAL)
1031.--------is the top most layer of earth that comes in contact with
atmosphere(CRUST)
1032.--------is the climate observed in the layer next to ground(MICRO CLIMATE)
1033.-------is the term used for micro climate in relation to plants(PHYTO CLIMATE)
1034.Humid regions normally receives a rainfall of-------------(MORE THAN 1000 mm)
1035.Arid regions normally receives a rainfall of-------------(LESS THAN 500 mm)
1036.Semi-Arid regions normally receives a rainfall range of-------------(500-750 mm)
1037.Sub- Humid regions normally receives a rainfall range of-------------(750-1000 mm)
1038.South-West monsoon contributes-------% of total annual rainfall of Kerala(60%)
1039. North-East monsoon contributes-------% of total annual rainfall of Kerala(30%)
1040.In Kerala , period of first crop season/VIRIPPU is-------(April-May to September-
October)
1041. In Kerala , period of second crop season/MUNDAKAN is-------(September-October
to December-January)
1042.In Kerala , third crop season /PUNCHA normally falls on-------(December-January
to March-April)
1043.In Kuttanad , PUNCHA season falls on---------(October-November to February-
March)
1044.In Kuttanad , additional rice crop is raised during------(May-June to August-
September)
1045.-------crop season is purely rainfed(FIRST CROP/VIRIPPU)
1046.Name the metallic chemical element useful in weather forecasting?(MERCURY- in
thermometers)
1047.The National Seeds Corporation(NSC) was constituted in the year(1963)
1048.-----------is the fundamental unit of crop production(SEED)
1049.What is meant by HYV?(High Yielding Varieties)
1050.--------is the progeny of breeder seed(FOUNDATION SEED)
1051.Certified seed is produced from---------(FOUNDATION SEED/REGISTERED SEED)
1052.In seed technology , ‘TLS’ means--------(TRUTHFULLY LABELLED SEEDS)
1053.’GATT’ means----------(GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TARIFFS AND TRADE)
1054.’GATT’ agreement was came into force in------(1948)
1055.’WTO’ means-------(WORLD TRADE ORGANISATION)
1056.World Trade Organisation was formed in the year--------(1995)
1057.Expand the term “TRIPS”(TRADE RELATED INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS)
1058.In seed technology , ‘PBR’ means----------(PLANT BREEDERS RIGHT)
1059.NBPGR(National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources) is located in -------(NEW
DELHI)
1060.Expand UNEP(United Nations Environment Programme)
1061.---------is a cereal crop(RICE/WHEAT/BARLEY/OATS/RYE/TRITICALE)
1062.--------is a millet(RAGI/VARAKU/MAIZE/BAJRA)
1063.’RAGI’ is otherwise known as-----------(FINGER MILLET)
1064.’THENA’ is otherwise known as-------(ITALIAN MILLET)
1065.--------is a pulse crop(BLACK GRAM/GREEN GRAM/BENGAL GRAM/HORSE
GRAM/PIGEON PEA)
1066.--------is an oil seed
crop(COCONUT/GROUNDNUT/OILPALM/SESAMUM/SUNFLOWER/MUSTARD)
1067.----------is a tuber crop(TAPIOCA/SWEET
POTATO/COLOCASIA/AMORPHOPHALLUS/YAMS)
1068.--------is an example for a fibre crop(COTTON/JUTE/SUNHEMP/AGAVE/FLAX)
1069.---------is a sugar crop(SUGARCANE/SUGARBEET)
1070.--------is a fodder crop(GUINEA GRASS/HYBRID NAPIER GRASS/GAMBA
GRASS/PARA GRASS/CONGO SIGNAL GRASS/BERMUDA GRASS)
1071.--------is a narcotic crop(INDIAN HEMP/OPIUM)
1072.------is an example for a green manure
crop(GLYRICIDIA/DAINCHA/SBABUL/INDIGO/WILD INDIGO)
1073.---------is a fruit crop(MANGO/BANANA/GUAVA/JACK/PINE
APPLE/SAPOTA/POMEGRANATE/CUSTARD APPLE/DATE PALM/SWEET ORANGE)
1074.--------is an example for a vegetable
crop(TOMATO/BRINJAL/AMARANTHUS/BITTERGOURD/SNAKEGOURD/CABBAGE/CA
RROT/CAULIFLOWER/RADISH/POTATO/CUCUMBER/DRUMSTICK/BHINDI/RIDGEGOUR
D/SMOOTHGOURD/BEETROOT)
1075.---------is a plantation crop(TEA/COFFEE/RUBBER/COCOA/ARECANUT)
1076.---------is a agro-forestry crop(CASUARINA/AILANTHUS/MANGIUM/TEAK)
1077.--------is a beverage crop(BETELVINE/TOBACCO/ARECANUT)
1078.---------is a medicinal crop(ASPARAGUS/RAUVOLFIA/SIDA/NEELA
AMARI/KASTHURI MANJAL)
1079.---------is an aromatic plant(LEMON GRASS/EUCALYPTUS/PALMAROSA)
1080.---------is a spice
crop(PEPPER/CARDAMOM/CLOVE/GINGER/TURMERIC/NUTMEG)
1081.---------is an example for a condiment(CORIANDER/CUMIN)
1082.--------is a mature ovule containing an embryo(SEED)
1083.In a seed the food storage tissue is known as---------
(ENDOSPERM/COTYLEDON/PERISPERM)
1084.World’s first seed testing laboratory was established in---------in 1869(GERMANY)
1085.International Seed Testing Association(ISTA) was established in--------(1924)
1086.-------is a method of testing seed germination(RAG DOLL METHOD/PAPER
METHOD)
1087.In Rag doll method of testing seed germination , flannel clothes used is of size-----
(35cm×27.5cm)
1088.-------is a farmer friendly method of testing seed germination(RAG DOLL METHOD)
1089.Inability of freshly harvested seeds to germinate for a period of time is known as--
----(DORMANCY)
1090.In India the seeds act was enacted in the year -------by the parliament(1966)
1091.In India the seeds act was came into effect in the year------(1969)
1092.The next generation of Breeder seed is known as------(FOUNDATION SEED)
1093.Registered seed is produced from-------(FOUNDATION SEED)
1094.Certified seed can be produced from-------(Registered seed or Foundation seed)
1095.The tag colour or label of a Breeder seed is-------(YELLOW)
1096. The tag colour or label of a Foundation seed is-------(WHITE)
1097. The tag colour or label of a Registered seed is-------(PURPLE)
1098. The tag colour or label of a Certified seed is-------(BLUE)
1099.Minimum germination percentage required for certified seeds of Rice is--------
(80%)
1100.-------% of moisture is ideal for certified seeds of Rice(13%)
1101.The newly proposed seed act of India was introduced in--------(2004)
1102.----------is a sowing method(BROADCASTING/DIBBLING/TRANSPLANTING)
1103.’GM’ seeds means----------(Genetically Modified seeds)
1104.The GM crop which was recently at the centre of a controversy in India(Bt Brinjal)
1105.What does ‘GEAC’ means(Genetic Engineering Approval Committee)
1106.In seed technology , ‘PLS’ means---------(Pure Live Seed)
1107.An agro-machinery used for sowing operations?(SEED DRILL)
1108.--------is the instrument used to measure moisture percentage of seeds(MOISTURE
METER)
1109.----------is the optimum moisture percentage for storage of seeds of
Amaranthus(8%)
1110.-------is the minimum germination percentage required for certified seeds of
Amaranthus(70%)
1111.-------no. of seeds are normally used in Rag doll method of testing germination(100
nos.)
1112.-------is the capability of seeds to show living properties(VIABILITY)
1113.State Seed Testing laboratory of Kerala is located in-----------(ALAPPUZHA)
1114.A chemical used to test the viability of seeds?(2,3,5 triphenyl tetrazolium chloride)
1115.’ICIA’ means--------(INTERNATIONAL CROP IMPROVEMENT ASSOCIATION)
1116.National Seeds Corporation(NSC) functions as producer of--------class of
seeds(FOUNDATION)
1117.Breeder’s seed is otherwise known as---------(NUCLEUS SEED)
1118. Foundation seed is otherwise known as---------(MOTHER SEED)
1119.Physical purity×Germination percentage/100=?(PLS-Pure Live Seed)
1120.Isolation distance to be followed while cultivating Rice for cerified seeds is-------
(3m)
1121.Genetic purity of Breeder seed is------%(100%)
1122.Minimum genetic purity required for Foundation seeds is --------(99%)
1123. Minimum genetic purity required for Certified seeds is --------(98%)
1124.For Rice , ideal pH range is--------(5 to 8)
1125.-------is a Rice growing season in High ranges(Nancha)
1126.-------is an extra short duration variety of Rice(Hraswa)
1127.-------is a fungicide used for seed treatment in Rice(Fongorene/Bavistin)
1128.How much nursery area is required to raise seedlings for 1 hectare?(1000 square
metre)
1129.’KOLE’ land is situated in---------district of Kerala(Thrissur)
1130.In ‘Koottumundakan’Virippu and Mundakan varieties are sown in the ratio(70:30)
1131.Upland crop of Rice is otherwise known as-----------(MODAN cultivation)
1132.Fertilizer recommendation for short duration high yielding varieties of Rice in
wetlands is--------(70:35:35)
1133. Fertilizer recommendation for medium duration high yielding varieties of Rice in
wetlands is--------(90:45:45)
1134.’Xanthopimpla sp’ is a------------(Larval parasite)
1135.--------------is a variety of Maize(Ganga Hybrid-1)
1136.----------is a variety of Black gram(Syama/Sumanjana)
1137.-----------------is a vegetable type variety of Cowpea(Sharika/Malika/Vylathur
local/Manjeri local/Vyjayanthi)
1138.-----------------is a grain type variety of Cowpea(Krishnamony/Pusa Do Fasli/Pusa
Phalguni)
1139.----------is a dual purpose variety of Cowpea(Kanakamony)
1140.-------------is the most widely cultivated pulse crop of Kerala(Cowpea)
1141.Cowpea seeds are inoculated with---------for better yield(Rhizobium)
1142.’Philippines’ is a variety of------------------(Green gram)
1143.’Pattambi local’is a variety of-----------------(Horse gram)
1144.’SA-1’ is a variety of-----------------(Red gram)
1145.’Bragg’ is a variety of--------------------(Soybean)
1146.’Sree padma’ is a variety of------------------(Amorphophallus)
1147.----------is a variety of Colocasia(Sree Rashmi/Sree pallavi/ Sree kiran)
1148.’Sree Subhra’ is a variety of------------------(White yam)
1149.--------------is a variety of sweet potato(Sree Nandini/Sree Vardhini/Sree Retna)
1150.---------------is a major pest of sweet potato(Sweet potato weevil)
1151.------------is a varirty of Tapioca with 5-6 months duration(Vellayani Hraswa)
1152.------------is a non-branching variety of Tapioca(M-4)
1153.-------------is commonly intercropped with Tapioca(Groundnut)
1154.’Nidhi’ & ‘Sreedhara’ are varieties of---------------(Coleus)
1155.Anakkayam-1,Madakkathara-1,Kanaka,Dhana are varieties of----------(Cashew)
1156.-------------is the most profitable intercrop in cashew plantations in early
stages(Pineapple)
1157.’HDP’ in cashew plantations means-------------(High Density Planting)
1158.A technique to rejuvenate unproductive and senile cashew trees?(Top working)
1159.Minimum TSS % required in Squash?(40%)
1160. Minimum TSS % required in Syrup?(65%)
1161.Maximum permissible Percentage of acidity in Squash & Syrup(3.5%)
1162.RRII 105 , PB 260 are clones of--------------(Natural Rubber)
1163.Sree Roopa & Sree Keerthi are Varieties of---------------------(Greater yam)
1164.Sree Latha & Sree Kala are Varieties of-----------------(Lesser yam)
1165.The common cover crops recommended for Rubber cultivation are--------?(Pueraria
phaseoloides & Mucuna bracteata)
1166.-------------is a high yielding clone of Rubber(RRII 105)
1167.Powdery mildew of Rubber is caused by----------------------(Fungus)
1168.’Rubber Reseach Institute of India’ is lacated in----------------(Kottayam , Kerala)
1169.Planting materials of sugarcane is known as--------------(Setts)
1170.Madhuri , Madhurima , Thirumadhuram , Madhumathi are varieties of-------------
(Sugarcane)
1171.-------------is a major disease affecting Sugarcane(Red rot)
1172.Ratoon cropping is widely practiced in------------------(Sugarcane)
1173.--------------is a hybrid variety of
Coconut(Lakshaganga/Anandaganga/Keraganga/Kerasankara/Chandrasankara/Kerasr
ee/Kerasoubhagya/Chandralaksha)
1174.’Chowghat Green Dwarf’ is a variety of ------------------(Coconut)
1175.In Root wilt affected areas hybrid variety of Coconut------------is recommended for
cultivation(Chandrasankara)
1176.A good quality Coconut seedling should have a collar girth of-------------(10-12cm)
1177.’Husk burial for moisture conservation’ is practiced in----------------(Coconut)
1178.--------------is the NPK recommendation for Coconut under average
management(0.34:0.17:0.68 kg/palm/year)
1179.Sneha , Snigtha , Spanish Improved are varieties of----------------(Groundnut)
1180.’Tikka leaf spot’ is a disease affecting---------------------(Groundnut)
1181.’Tenera’ is a hybrid variety of------------------(Oil palm)
1182.’Tenera’ is a hybrid between---------&------------(Dura & Pisifera)
1183.-------------is a cross pollinated crop(Oil palm)
1184.--------------is a variety of
Sesame(Thilothama/Soma/Surya/Thilak/Thilathara/Thilarani)
1185.-----------------area of Kerala is known for cultivation of Sesame(Onattukara)
1186.------------------is a variety of Cardamom(ICRI-1/ICRI-2/PV-1/PV-2)
1187.Malabar , Mysore & Vazhukka are cultivars of------------------(Cardamom)
1188.Cardamom is propagated vegetatively by---------------------(Rhizomes)
1189.Navasree , Nithyasree & Sugandhi are varieties of-----------------(Cinnamon)
1190.--------------------is a tropical orchid spice(Vanilla)
1191.’SWEATING’ is practiced as part of processing of--------------(Vanilla beans)
1192.------------is a variety of Dry Ginger(Maran/Wayanad/Valluvanad/Kuruppampady)
1192.IISR-Varada , IISR-Rejatha & IISR-Mahima are varieties of--------------(Dry Ginger)
1193.------------is a variety of Green Ginger(Rio-De-Janeiro/China/Wayanad
Local/Tefengiya)
1194.Mango-Ginger is ----------------crop(Spice)
1195.----------------is a variety of Nutmeg(IISR-Viswashree)
1196.Karimunda & Balankotta are varieties of----------------(Pepper)
1197.Kuthiravally & Kalluvally are varieties of-------------- (Pepper)
1198.-------is a suitable standard for growing
Pepper(Erythrina/Ailanthus/Subabul/Kilingil)
1199.NPK recommendation for Pepper is---------------(50:50:150 gm/vine/year)
1200.’Top shoot borer’ is a pest of-----------------(Pepper)
1201.Expand ‘CFTRI’?(Central Food Technology Research Institute)
1202.’Alleppey’ is a variety of--------------------(Turmeric)
1203.---------------is a variety of
Turmeric(Tekurpetta/Kanthi/Sobha/Varna/Sona/Prabha/Prathibha/Suvarna/Suguna/S
ugantham/Duggirala/Kodur/Armoor)
1204.-----------is a tree belonging to Spices&Condiments(Tamarind)
1205.’Mohitnagar’ is a variety of-------------(Arecanut)
1206.------------is a variety of Arecanut(Mangala/Sumangala/Sreemangala)
1207.’Pramuttan’ is a variety of------------------(Betel Vine)
1208.------------is a variety of Betel
Vine(Thulasi/Venmani/Arikodi/Kalkodi/Karilanchi/Karpuram/Chelanthikarpuram/Peru
mkodi/Amaravila/Koottak-kodinandan)
1209.---------------is a Beverage crop(Betel Vine/Cocoa/Tea/Coffee/Tobacco/Arecanut)
1210.Criollo , Forastero & Trinitario are three varietal types of ---------------(Cocoa)
1211.CCRP-1 is an improved clone of--------------(Forastero variety of Cocoa)
1212.Red bore is a pest of--------------(Cocoa)
1213.’Vascular streak dieback(VSD)’ is a disease affecting---------(Cocoa)
1214.Arabica & Robusta are varieties of----------------(Coffee)
1215.Coffee leaf rust disease is caused by---------------(Fungus)
1216.’UPASI-2’ is a variety of------------------(Tea)
1217.-------------is a variety/clone of Tea(UPASI-8/UPASI-9/UPASI-17/TRI-2025/TRF-1)
1218.Expand ‘UPASI’?(United Planters Association of South India)
1219.’Tipping , Centering & Plucking’ are terms associated with-----------(Tea cultivation)
1220.’POLLARDING’ is a term associated with----------( Tea cultivation)
1221.UPASI Tea Research Foundation is located at---------------(Coonoor)
1222.’BLISTER BLIGHT’ is a disease of------------------(Tea)
1223.In Kerala , Tobacco is cultivated in-------------district(Kasargode)
1224.Kannara Local , Arun & Mohini are varieties of --------------(Amaranth)
1225.------------is a variety of Okra/Bhindi(Salkeerthi/Kiran/Susthira)
1226.----------is a yellow vein mosaic resistant variety of Okra(Arka Anamika/Arka
Abhay/Susthira)
1227.Priya ,Preethi , Priyanka & Arka Harith are high yielding varieties of---------(Bitter
Gourd)
1228.Kaumudi , Baby & Manusree are varieties of-----------------(Snake Gourd)
1229.’Mudicode’ is a variety of-------------------(Oriental pickling melon)
1230.’Pusa seethal’is a variety of--------------(Cucumber)
1231.Sugar Baby & Arka Jyothi are varieties of-------------------(Water Melon)
1232.Pusa Summer Prolific & Arka Bahar are varieties of--------------(Bottle Gourd)
1233.-------------is a variety of Pumpkin(Ambili/Suvarna/Saras/Sooraj)
1234.’Indu’ is a variety of---------------(Ash Gourd)
1235.-------------is a Bacterial wilt resistant F1 hybrid variety of Brinjal(Neelima)
1236.----------is a variety of Brinjal(Surya/Swetha/Haritha/Pusa Purple Cluster)
1237.-----------is a solanaceous vegetable crop(Brinjal/Chilli/Tomato)
1238.Jwalamukhi & Jwalasakhi are varieties of--------------(Chilli)
1239.Sakthi , Mukthi & Anagha are varieties of------------(Tomato)
1240.’September & Pusa Drum Head’ are varieties of-------------(Cabbage)
1241.’Himani’ is a variety of-------------------(Cauliflower)
1242.’Pusa Kesar’ is a variety of---------------(Carrot)
1243. ’Imperator’ is a variety of---------------(Beet Root)
1244. ’Pusa Chethki’ is a variety of---------------(Radish)
1245.Kufri Jyothi & Kufri Muthu are varieties of----------------(Potato)
1246.Potato can be successfully cultivated in the------------of Kerala(High ranges)
1247.’OOTY-1’ is a variety of-----------------------(Garlic)
1248.Ridge Gourd is a--------------------(Minor Vegetable)
1249.Murraya koenigii is---------(Curry Leaf)
1250.Moringa oleifera is--------------(Drumstick)
1251.--------------is a Table variety of Banana(Robusta/Njalipoovan/Palayankodan)
1252.-------is a culinary variety of
Banana(Monthan/Batheesa/Kanchekela/Nendrapadathy)
1253.-------------is a Banana variety recommended for High range region(Boldles Altafort)
1254.-------------are the planting materials for Banana(Sword suckers)
1255.’Desuckering’ is practiced in--------------cultivation(Banana)
1256.Allahabad Safeda & Lucknow-49 are varieties of-----------------(Guava)
1257.’Chambakad Large’ is a variety of---------------(Indian Gooseberry-Nelli)
1258.’Muttom Varikka’ & Srilanka/Singapore are varieties of------------------(Jack)
1259.------------is a subtropical fruit crop grown in High ranges of Kerala(Mandarin
Orange)
1260.Neelum , Kalapady , Benishan , Mulgoa & Suvarnarekha are varieties of----------
(Mango)
1261.Washington & Honey Dew are varieties of------------------(Papaya)
1262.Kew , Amrutha & Mauritius are varieties of------------------(Pineapple)
1263.--------------is a Pineapple variety recommended for large scale commercial
cultivation in Kerala(Kew)
1264.--------------are the planting materials of Pineapple(Suckers)
1265.’Cricket Ball’ & ‘Oval’ are varieties of------------------(Sapota)
1266.--------------is a variety of Sapota(Pala/Calcutta Round)
1267.---------------is the best rootstock for inarching Sapota(Khirni)
1268.--------------is the richest source of vitamin C(West Indian Cherry)
1269.Whip grafting & Shield budding are widely practiced in--------------(Apple)
1270.Lima White & Agnihotri are varieties of------------------(Anthurium)
1271.Soniya 17 & Emma White are famous varieties of---------------(Orchids)
1272.------------is a popular genera of Orchids in
Kerala(Arachnis/Aranthera/Vanda/Phalaenopsis/Aranda/Dendrobium/Oncidium/Cattle
ya)
1273.--------------are the economic part of Orchids(Spikes)
1274.Gundumalli , Ramabanam & Madanabanam are important varieties of--------
(Jasmine)
1275.’Sapna’ is a variety of----------------(Gladiolus)
1276.-------------is an ornamental bulbous plant(Tuberose)
1277.’Delhi’ is a variety of----------------(Crossandra)
1278.--------------is a popular annual flowering plant(Marigold)
1279.’Star of India’ is a variety of-----------(French Marigold)
1280.’Kamini’ is a variety of-----------(China Aster)
1281.Palmarosa is otherwise known as------------(Rosha grass)
1282.’Vetiver’ is a-------------------------(Perennial grass)
1283.’VETIVER’is commonly known as------------------------(KHUS plant)
1284.’Khuskhus oil’ is extracted from the roots of----------------(Vetiver)
1285.----------------is a medicinal plant that promotes hair growth(Neela Amari – Nili)
1286.’VISWAM’ is a variety of----------------(Thippali)
1286.Haritha & Marathakam are varieties of----------------------(Guinea Grass)
1287.Gamba Grass is otherwise known as----------------(Sadabahar)
1288.Nandi , Narok & Kazungula are varieties of--------------------(Setaria Grass)
1289.Napier Grass is otherwise known as---------------(Elephant Grass)
1290.’Gajraj’ is a hybrid variety of---------------(Hybrid Napier Grass)
1291. Para Grass is otherwise known as---------------(Buffalo Grass/Water Grass/Angola
Grass/Mauritius Grass)
1292.------------can be grown as an intercrop in Coconut gardens(Congosignal Grass)
1293. Subabul is otherwise known as---------------(Leucaena/ipil-ipil)
1294.Hawaiian ,Salvador , Peru , Cunningham are types of--------------------(Subabul)
1295.---------is a fodder tree(Subabul/Hedge Lucerne/Agathi/Shevri)
1296.---------is a fodder legume(Fodder Cowpea/Stylo)
1297.Brazilian , Carribbean , Townsville , Shrubby are types of---------(Stylosanthes)
1298.---------is a fodder cereal(Fodder Maize/Fodder Sorghum)
1299.------------is a Green Manure crop(Sunn hemp/Daincha/Wild indigo/Indigo)
1300.---------is a Green Leaf Manure crop(Glyricidia/Subabul/Cassia)
1301.Give an eg. for Agroforestry trees?
(Ailanthus/Casuarina/Eucalyptus/Mangium/Teak/Rosewood/Sandal/Mahogony)
1302.Kerala receives---------% of total annual rainfall through monsoons(90%)
1303.Standard pit size for vermicomposting is--------------(2.5m×1m×0.3m)
1304.--------------has been identified as the best species of earthworm for
vermicomposting for Kerala(Eudrillus eugineae)
1305.----------------is used in Coirpith composting(Pleurotus spp)
1306.--------is an eg. for a Biofertilizer(Rhizobium/Azotobacter/Azospirillum/Blue Green
Algae/VAM/AMF/Phosphate solubilising Bacteria and Fungi)
1307.Foliar application can be practiced for-----------------(Urea)
1308.’MOP’ means?(Muriate of Potash)
1309.What’s Burnt lime?(CaO)
1310.What’s slaked lime?(Ca(OH)2)
1311.Bee Keeping is known as---------------------(Apiculture)
1312.Apis cerana indica is commonly known as---------------------(Indian Honeybee)
1313.’Thai Sac Brood Virus(TSBV)’ causes disease in----------------(Honeybee)
1314.Bee-box recommended in our conditions is--------------(Langstroth beehive)
1315.Apis mellifera is known as--------------(European honeybee or Italian honeybee)
1316.’Wax Moth’ is a pest of-----------------(Honeybee)
1317.Mulberry cultivation is known as------------(Moriculture)
1318.’K2’ is a variety of----------------------(Mulberry)
1319.Silkworm rearing is known as------------------(Sericulture)
1320.’Chawki stand , Netrika , RKO powder etc…are related terms of-------------(Sericulture)
1321.’Pebrine’ is a disease caused by Protozoa affecting----------(Silkworm)
1322. ’Flacherie’ is a disease caused by bacteria affecting----------(Silkworm)
1323. ’Grasserie’ is a disease caused by Virus affecting----------(Silkworm)
1324.----------------is a serious pest of silkworm(Uzi-fly)
1324.------------is a domestic rat(House rat/House mouse/Large bandicoot rat)
1325.---------is a field rat(Large bandicoot rat/Lesser bandicoot rat/Field mouse/White
rat/Long tailed tree mouse/Norway rat/Soft furred field rat/Bush rat)
1326.------------is the oldest method of controlling rodents(Trapping)
1327.-------------is a an effective mechanical trap to control Norway rats damaging paddy
crop(Moncompu Pot Trap)
1328.Biocontrol agent of Salvinia?(Cyrtobagous salviniae weevil)
1329.Expand ‘AMF’?(Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi)
1330.---------------is used as food base for Trichoderma spp(Neemcake-Cowdung mixture)
1331.’P1’&’P14’ are isolates of------------developed by Kerala Agricultural
University(Fluorescent pseudomonas)
1332.------------is used for seed treatment in paddy(pseudomonas)
1333.-------------is effective for the management of Sheath blight & Bacterial leaf blight of
Paddy(pseudomonas)
1334.-------------is a method of Hydrothermal disinfection(Soil Solarization)
1335.Transparent polythene sheets of -------thickness is used for soil solarization(100-
150 gauge)
1336.’Ananthan’ is a short duration variety of ----------released from Kerala Agricultural
University(Mushroom)
1337.Volvariella volvacea is-------------(Paddy-straw mushroom)
1338.Pleurotus is---------------------------(Oyster mushroom)
1339.Invitro culture of plant cells , tissues & organs under aseptic condition is known
as--------(Plant tissue culture)
1340.’Explant’ is a term related to-----------------(Plant tissue culture)
1341.’Manupriya’ is a variety of--------------------(Rice)
1342. ’Kerasagara’ is a variety of--------------------(Coconut)
1343. ’Anashwara’ is a variety of--------------------(Rice)
1344. ’Poornima’ is a variety of--------------------(Cashew)
1345. ’Harithasree’ is a variety of--------------------(Guinea Grass)
1346. ’Vellayani’ is a variety of--------------------(Cowpea)
1347.Anjitha & Manjima are varieties of---------------(Okra)
1348. ’Vellayani Vijai’ is a variety of--------------------(Tomato)
1349. ’Vellayani Athulya’ is a variety of--------------------(Chilli)
1350.Krishnasree & Renusree are varieties of------------------(Amaranth)
1351. ’Suphala’ is a variety of--------------------(Coleus)
1352.Suguna & Supriya are varieties of----------------(Hybrid Napier Grass)
1353.Mridhula & Agni are varieties of------------------(Chethi-koduveli)
1354. Ajagandhi & Vasika are varieties of------------------(Atalotakam)
1355. Jeeva is a variety of------------------(Adapathiyan)
1356.’Master Delight’ is a variety of--------------------(Orchid)
1357.Neutralizing value of Quick lime is-----------(179)
1358. Neutralizing value of Slaked lime is-----------(136)
1359. Neutralizing value of Calcium carbonate is-----------(100)
1360. Neutralizing value of Dolomite is-----------(109)
1361.Single super phosphate contains-----------% Phosphorus(18)
1362.MOP contains---------------% Potassium(50/60)
1363.Urea contains-------------% Nitrogen(46)
1364. Rajphos contains-----------% Phosphorus(18-20)
1365. Double super phosphate contains-----------% Phosphorus(35)
1366. Triple super phosphate contains-----------% Phosphorus(46)
1367.Factomphos contains-------------------% Sulphur(15)
1368.’KURSTAKI’ is a------------------(Biopesticide)
1369.-----------are Primary macronutrients(N ,P & K)
1370.Calcium , Magnesium & Sulphur are called ----------(Secondary macronutrients)
1371.---------is a Nitrogen fixing bacteria(Rhizobium)
1372.’Luxury consumption’ is associated with------------(Potassium)
1373.------------is a micronutrient(Iron/Manganese/Copper/Zinc/Boron/Molybdenum)
1374.Delay in maturity & succulency are toxicity symptoms of-------------(Nitrogen)
1375.Excess Phosphorus causes deficiency of------------(Iron & Zinc)
1376.------------is a Bulky organic manure(Farm Yard Manure/Compost/Green Manure)
1377.-----------is a concentrated organic
manure(Bloodmeal/Meatmeal/Oilcakes/Fishmeal)
1378.------------is an Amide fertilizer(Urea)
1379.Expand ‘CAN’?(Calcium Ammonium Nitrate)
1380.----------is a straight fertilizer(Urea/Potassium Chloride/Ammonium Sulphate)
1381.----------is a Complex fertilizer(Diammonium phosphate/Ammonium phosphate)
1382.The application of the same fertilizer more than once to a crop is known as----------
(Split application)
1383.Expand ‘INM’?(Integrated Nutrient Management)
1384.Soil auger is a tool used for -----------------(Soil sampling)
1385.In soil testing ,--------------is a measure of available Nitrogen(Organic Carbon)
1386.Subsoiling is a type of-------------------(Primary tillage)
1387.-------is a primary tillage implement(Wooden plough/Mouldboard plough/Soil
turning plough)
1388.---------is a secondary tillage implement(Cultivator/Harrows/Clod Crushers)
1389.-------------is considered as the father of Tillage(Jethro Tull)
1390.-----------is an extreme form of minimum tillage(Zero tillage)
1391.’PUDDLING’ is a term related with-------------(Wetland Rice cultivation)
1392.’CRIDA’ means?(Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture-Head quarters-
Hyderabad)
1393.Direct or indirect harmful effect by one plant on another through production of
chemical is referred to as------------(Allelopathy)
1394.Sprinkler irrigation is also known as-------------(Overhead irrigation)
1395. Drip irrigation is also known as-------------(Trickle irrigation)
1396.Three or more crops raised in the same piece of land in one year in quick
succession is known as------------------(Relay cropping)
1397.Propagation through leaf cuttings is observed in--------------(Begonia/Sansevieria)
1398. Propagation through root cuttings is noticed in--------------(Bread fruit)
1399. Propagation through mound layering is observed in--------------(Papaya)
1400. Propagation through Approach grafting is observed in--------------(Mango/Sapota)
1401. Propagation through T-budding is observed in--------------(Rose/Citrus)
1402. Propagation through corms is observed in--------------(Gladiolus)
1403. Propagation through apomictic embryo is observed in--------------(Mango/Citrus)
1404. Propagation through stem tubers is observed in--------------(Potato)
1405. Propagation through patch budding is observed in--------------(Mango/Rubber)
1406. Propagation through air layering is observed in--------------(Litchi/Guava/Crotons)
1407.Mound layering is also known as---------------(Stool layering)
1408.-------------is a flowering tree(Cassia fistula/ Delonix regia)
1409.-------------is a foliage tree(Polyalthia longifolia)
1410.Acalypha , Hibiscus , Ixora are------------------(Ornamental shrubs)
1411.Albizzia is a-----------------(Ornamental shade tree)
1412.Bougainvillea is a------------------(Ornamental climber)
1413.-----------is a hedge plant(Lawsonia/Phyllanthus/Thuja)
1414.---------is an edge plant(Portulaca/Alternanthera)
1415.------------is an indoor garden in a glass box(TERRARIUM)
1416.Asexual propagation is also known as----------------------(Vegetative propagation)
1417.-----------------is the mushroom seed(Spawn)
1418.Sree Prakash & Sree Sahya are varieties of-----------------(Tapioca)
1419.Spacing recommended for Nendran variety of Banana(2m×2m)
1420.Bush pepper is raised from---------------of pepper(Lateral branches-plagiotropes)
1421.-------------is a draft breed of cattle(Hallikar/Amritmahal/Nagore)
1422.-------------is a dairy breed of cattle(Sahiwal/Sindhi/Gir)
1423.-------------is a dual purpose breed of cattle(Hariana/Ongole/Kankrej)
1424.---------is an exotic breed of cattle(Brown-swiss/Holstein-
Friesian/Ayrshire/Guernsey/Jersey)
1425.---------is the amount of food required by an animal during a 24 hour period(A
RATION)
1426.---------&-----------are main components of cattle feed stuffs(Concentrates &
Roughages)
1427.Cattle Feed produced from anaerobic fermentation?(SILAGE)
1428.Anthrax in cattle is caused by-----------------(Bacteria)
1429.Foot and Mouth disease in cattle is caused by-----------------(Virus)
1430.Rinderpest disease in cattle is caused by-----------------(Virus)
1431.’Operation Flood’ is a term related to----------------(Dairy development)
1432.Operation flood resulted in----------------(White revolution)
1433.Mastitis in cattle is caused by-----------------(Bacteria)
1434.--------------is a nutritional deficiency disease in cattle(KETOSIS)
1435.Ranikhet disease in poultry is caused by--------------(Virus)
1436.Avian influenza in poultry is caused by-----------------(H5N1 Virus)
1437.IBD in poultry is caused by------------------(Virus)
1438.---------------is an Indian breed of
poultry(Aseel/Chittagong/Ghagus/Karaknath/Tellicherry)
1439.-----------is an American class poultry(Rhode Island Red/New Hampshire/Plymouth
Rock/Wyandotte)
1440.-----------is an English class poultry(Australorp/Orpington/Sussex)
1441. .-----------is a Mediterranean class
poultry(Leghorn/Minorca/Ancona/Spanish/Andalusian)
1442.-----------is an Asiatic class poultry(Brahma/Cochin/Langshan)
1443.Meat Products India Ltd. Is located at---------------------(Koothattukulam)
1444.Kerala Livestock Development Board is located at--------------(Thiruvananthapuram)
1445.--------------is a breed of Goat(Malabari/Jamunapari/Angora)
1446.’TOT’ means?(Transfer of Technology)
1447.’Balwanth Rai Mehta Committee’ is associated with----------(Panchayathi Raj)
1448.------------are the grassroot level organizational setup of panchayathiraj
system(GRAMASABHAS)
1449.Expand ‘PRA’?(Participatory Rural Appraisal)
1450.Who is the father of Extension?(Auguste Comte)
1451.-------------is a mass contact method of
Extension(Newspapers/Television/Radio/Magazines/Bulletins)
1452.-----------is a Group contact method of Extension(Method demonstration/Field
trips/Workshops/Group discussion)
1453.------------is an Extension aid(Charts/Posters/Leaflets/Palmlets/Bulletin Board/Slide
show)
1454.’IADP’ means?(Integrated Area Development Programme)
1455.’HYVP’ means?(High Yielding Varieties Programme of 1970-71)
1456. What’s ‘SFDA’? (Small Farmers Development Agency)
1457.’AGMARK’ signifies----------------[Agricultural Produce(Grading & Marketing) Act]
1458.’CADA’ means----------?(Command Area Development Authority)
1459.’CYI’ means--------(Crop Yield Index)
1460.Expand ‘FAO’?(Food and Agriculture Organisation)
1461.’LDB’ means----------(Land Development Bank)
1462.’MFALDA’means--------(Marginal Farmers & Agricultural Labourers Development
Agency)
1463.’NABARD’ means---------(National Bank for Agriculture & Rural Development)
1464.’NAFED’ means-------(National Agricultural Co-operative Marketing Federation)
1465.’NREGP’ means---------(National Rural Employment Guarantee Programme)
1466.’NRY’ means--------(Nehru Rozgar Yojana)
1467.’PACS’ means-----------(Primary Agricultural Co-operative Credit Societies)
1468.’TRYSEM’ means---------(Training of Rural Youth for Self Employment)
1469.----------is an agricultural extension programme of India (HYVP/IADP/Training &
Visit/Group Farming)
1470.A seed is composed of------,-------&---------(Embryo , Endosperm & Seed coat)
1471.Ginger is propagated through-------------(Rhizomes)
1472.Rose is propagated by-----------------(Hardwood stem cuttings)
1473.Bougainvillea is propagated by-----------(Simple layering)
1474.Sexual propagation is the propagation through--------------(Seeds)
1475.----------propagates through root tubers (Sweet potato/Dahlia/Canna)
1476.------------plants are suited for Patch budding(Thick barked)
1477.Production of virus free plant is an advantage of---------(Seed propagation)
1478.-----------promotes root formation in layering(IBA)
1479.-------------plants show uniform characters(Vegetative propagated)
1480.Air layering was first practiced in-------------(China)
1481.’GOOTEE’ is another name of-------------(Air layering)
1482.Portion of a plant into which a bud or a portion of a branch is set is known as-----
(Root stock)
1483.--------cells have the ability to divide throughout the life of a plant (Meristematic
cells)
1484.’Splice’ & ‘Tongue’ are methods of-----------------(Approach grafting)
1485.The fertile female in a bee colony is known as--------------(TheQueen)
1486.In Honeybee colonies , fertile males are known as------------(Drones)
1487.----------is the largest Indian species of Honeybee (Rock Bee)
1488.------------is an insect pest of Mushroom (Phorid flies/Cecid flies)
1489.IRRI(International Rice Research Institute) is located at--------------(Manila ,
Philippines)
1490.Coryza & Marek’s disease are diseases affecting----------------(Poultry)
1491.’Ranikhet’ disease of poultry is also known as----------------(Newcastle disease)
1492.’Phycology’ is the study of----------------------(Algae)
1493.’Icthyology’ is the study of--------------------(Fishes)
1494.’Ornithology’ is the study of------------------(Birds)
1495.’Manihot esculenta’ is the scientific name of-------------------(Tapioca)
1496.’Oryza sativa’ is the scientific name of-------------------(Rice)
1497.’Cocos nucifera’ is the scientific name of-------------------(Coconut)
1498.Economic part of Clove ?(Flower bud)
1499.’King of Fruits’ is------------------------------(Mango)
1500.Poorman’s Orange is----------------------(Tomato)
1501.Method of cultivating plants using nutrient solution without soil is known as---------
(Hydroponics)
1502.Central Tuber Crops Research Institute (CTCRI) is located at---------------(Sreekaryam
, Thiruvananthapuram)
1503.Sesamum is grown as a --------crop in third crop season of Onattukara (Catch crop)
1504.Pepper Research Station of Kerala is located at------------(Panniyoor , Kannoor)
1505.Progeny orchards are a part of---------------(Agricultural Nursery)
1506.Identical plants developed from a single mother plant vegetatively are known as---
-----(Clones)
1507.--------------is the embryonic root of a plant(Radicle)
1508. The portion of the plant embryo giving rise to the first true leaves is known as------
--(Plumule)
1509. ------------plants produce seeds that germinate before they detach from the
parent(Viviparous plants)
1510.Scarification is a method to promote-----------------------------(Germination)
1511.----------- is the process of subjecting seeds to both cold and moist conditions to
promote germination (Stratification)
1512.Coconut is a------------------crop (Cross pollinated)
1513.------------is the mode of vegetative reproduction in Rubber (Budding)
1514.Soft wood grafting is practiced in--------------------(Cashew)
1515. The act of identifying and removing undesired plants from agricultural fields is
known as-------(Roguing)
1516.National Seed Corporation (NSC) came into existence in-------------------------(1963)
1517.---------------is used for irrigating the seed bed (Rosecan)
1518.--------------is a garden tool used for pruning in Rose (Secateur)
1519.----------is a garden tool used for pruning and topiary ( Shear )
1520. A building with glass walls and roof; for the cultivation and exhibition of plants
under controlled conditions is known as ------------------(Greenhouse)
1521.------------- is a hardening structure wherein plants root after taken out from the in
vitro media (Mist chamber)
1521. -----------is the structure where plants can be hardened for rooting and
acclimatization(Greenhouse)
1522.-------&-------are structures used to harden plants in a agricultural nursery
(Greenhouses & Mist chambers)
1523.Most attractive Orchids belong to the group of------- (Epiphytes)
1524.------------------is a rooting hormone (IAA/NAA/IBA)
1525.------is an eg. for obligate apomicts (Mangosteen)
1526.---------- is an eg. for facultative apomicts (Mango , Orange)
1527.Vegetative propagation through ‘runner’ is noticed in---------(Strawberry/Centella)
1528.’Runner shoots’ are used for propagation in------------------(Pepper)
1529.-----------is the most effective way of propagation in Rubber (Budding)
1530.Tissue culture is a ----------------method of propagation (Vegatative)
1531. Vegetative propagation through ‘Bulbs’ is noticed in---------(Tuberose/Onion)
1532.-------------is the basis of plant tissue culture (Totipotency)
1533.The concept of Totipotency was originally presented by-------------in 1902( Gottlieb
Haberlandt)
1534.------- is the most commonly used medium in plant tissue culture experiments
(Murashige & Skoog medium)
1535.Plant part used for micro-propagation? (Explant)
1536.In plant tissue culture ,’HEPA’ means---------(High Efficiency Particulate Air)
1537.Plant tissue culture techniques are performed in-------------cabinet(Laminar Air Flow
Chamber)
1538.Plant hormones that regulate plant growth, particularly by stimulating cell
elongation?(Auxin)
1539.Naturally occurring Auxin is----------------------(IAA)
1540. -------- are a class of plant hormones that promote cell division in plant roots and
shoots(Cytokinin)
1541.------------ is a plant hormone used to promote stem elongation& seed
germination(Gibberellin)
1542.-------------is known as the ‘plant stress hormone’ causing inhibition to plant growth
(Abscisic acid-ABA)
1543.------------is a plant hormone in gaseous form(Ethylene)
1544.Who developed pH scale? (S.P.L Sorensen)
1545.--------------is a gelling agent in culture medium (Agar)
1546.What’s SH medium?(Schenk – Hildebrandt medium)
1547.’Meristem culture’ is a method of-------------(Tissue culture)
1548. ’Meristem culture’ technique was developed by---------------------(George Morel)
1549.------------can be utilized to produce virus free plants(Meristem culture)
1550. A trangenic plant containing genes from both potato and tomato plants?
(POMATO)
1551. variation seen in plants that have been produced by plant tissue culture-----
(Somoclonal variation)
1552.Plants that have been genetically produced using recombinant DNA techniques is
called---------(Transgenic plants)
1553.’GMO’ means?(Genetically Modified Organism)
1554.-----------is useful in Cryopreservation (Liquid Nitrogen)
1555.Sphagnum moss is used as a-------------in Nursery (Growing media)
1556.Perlite & Vermiculite are used as----------------------------(Nursery Growing Media)
1557.Who coined the term ‘HORMONE’? (Ernest starling)
1558.-----------is an Auxin used as a herbicide (2,4-D)
1559.’Zeatin’ is a-------------(Cytokinin)
1560.--------------is a plant hormone that regulates theripening of fruits , the opening of
flowers and the shedding) of leaves (Ethylene)
1561.Semi-hardwood cuttings are used as vegetative propagating material in------------
(Tea/Croton/Hibiscus)
1562.Hardwood cuttings are used as vegetative propagating material in------------
(Rose/Grapes/Bougainvillea/Mulberry)
1563.Herb-softwood cuttings are used as vegetative propagating material in------------
(Coleus/Begonia/Chrysanthemum/Pepper)
1564.----------is the vegetative propagation method adopted in Blackberry & Raspberry
(Layering)
1565.Simple layering is practiced in------------------------(Rose/Jasmine)
1566.Serpentine layering is practiced in-------------(Wisteria /Clematis)
1567. Trench layering is practiced in-------------(Apple /Plum/Cherry)
1568. Air layering is practiced in-------------(Jasmine/Hibiscus/Guava/Cashew/Sapota)
1569.Approach grafting is practiced in-----------(Mango/Sapota/Artocarpus)
1570.’Side veneer grafting’is practiced in------------(Mango)
1571.Splice grafting , Saddle grafting and Whip & Tongue grafting are practiced in----------
---(Apple/Pear)
1572. Cleft grafting is practiced in---------------(Appe/Grapes)
1573. Stone grafting is practiced in-------------(Cashew/Mango)
1574. Stone grafting is otherwise known as-------------(Epicotyl grafting)
1575.’T’ budding is otherwise known as----------------(Shield budding)
1576. ’T’ budding is practiced in----------------(Rose/Citrus)
1577.Inverted ‘T’ budding is observed in---------(Rose)
1578.Patch budding & Flap budding are practiced in-------------(Rubber)
1579. Ring budding is practiced in-------------(Rubber/Ber/Cherry/Cinchona)
1580.Flute budding is practiced in-------------(Rubber/Ber/Cherry)
1581.Chip budding is practiced in-------------(Grapes)
1582.Root pruning is a part of--------------(Bonsai)
1583.’Disbudding’ is practiced in------------------(Chrysanthemum)
1584.---------is an eg. for cut flowers (Rose/Orchid/Gladiolus/Anthurium)
1585.’HYBRID TEA’ is a variety of-------------(Rose)
1586.Polyantha , Grandiflora & Floribunda are types of-------------(Rose)
1587.--------- is the world's leading exporter of Roses (Netherlands)
1588.-------------roses are used as hedges (Floribunda)
1589.------------is regarded as the queen of flowers (Rose)
1590.Floribunda roses are a cross between------&---------(Hybrid tea rose & Polyantha
rose)
1591.------is a cross between Hybrid tea rose & Floribunda rose(Grandiflora rose)
1592.’Miniature roses’ are otherwise known as-------------(Baby roses)
1593.’Dieback disease’ in Rose is caused by-----------(Fungus)
1594.Aparajitha & Chandrama are varieties of------------------(Chrysanthemum)
1595.----------is a terrestrial orchid(Arandina/Spathogottis)
1596.----------is an epiphytic
orchid(Dendrobium/Oncidium/Cattleya/Cymbidium/Phalaenopsis)
1597. .----------is an saprohytic orchid(Neotia/Microstylis)
1598.----------is a lithophytic orchid (Diplomeris/Geodorum)
1599.---------is a subterranean orchid (Rhizanthella)
1600.----------is known as underground orchid (Rhizanthella)
1601.----------is a monopodial orchid ( Vanda/Arachnis/Vanilla/Renanthera)
1602.----------is a sympodial orchid ( Dendrobium/Cattleya/Oncidium)
1603.-----------is a spider orchid(Arachnis/Renanthera)
1604.------------orchid are known as ‘Dancing girl’ (Oncidium)
1605.’Moth orchids’ belong to--------------group(Phalaenopsis)
1606.’Keikis’ are propagating plantlets of------------------(Sympodial orchids)
1607.------------is an orchid plant made through meristem culture (Mericlone)
1608.Micropropagation through tissue culture is popular in-----------(Anthurium)
1609.Corms & Cormels are the planting materials of ------------(Gladiolus)
1610.------------are Superior quality cut flowers (Extra class)
1611.’Pulsing’ is performed to increase the post harvest life of----------(Cut flowers)
1612.---------is useful in increasing the post harvest life of cut flowers(Cytokinin)
1613.------------ensures quality of cut flowers while transporting to distant places
(Precooling)
1614.’Gerbera’ is-------------(Cut flower)
1615.-----------is an eg. for formal gardens(Mughal garden/Italian garden/Vrindavan
garden/Persian garden)
1616.---------is an eg. for formal gardens (English garden/Japanese garden)
1617.------------is the most common grass utilized for lawn making in India (Cyanodon
dactylon- Doob grass)
1618.---------can be grown as a hedge plant
(Polyalthia/Casuarina/Acalypha/Phyllanthus/Bougainvillea)
1619.---------is an edge plant (Alternanthera/Gerbera/Miniature Rose)
1620. clipping or trimming of live shrubs or trees into decorative shapes, as of animals
is known as--------(Topiary)
1621. An arbor formed of columns supporting trelliswork on which climbing plants are
often trained is known as-------------(Pergola)
1622. A garden set below the level of the ground surrounding it is called-----------(Sunken
garden)
1623. ----------is a garden in which rocks are arranged and plants cultivated in a carefully
designed, decorative scheme (Rockery/Rock garden)
1624.---------is an indoor garden plant(Money
plant/Ficus/Caladium/Agave/Adiantum/Aglaonema)
1625.---------is any activity that modifies the visible features of an area of land, including
living elements such as flora or fauna (Landscaping)
1626.------------ is the art of growing trees or woody plants shaped as trees in containers
(Bonsai)
1627.Bonsai was originated in---------& popularized in---------(China , Japan)
1628.--------is a tee species suitable for Bonsai making
(Cashew/Mango/Sapota/Tamarind)
1629.--------is an ornamental plant suitable for Bonsai making
(Bougainvillea/Allamanda/Cassia/Musanda/Saraca)
1630.’Wiring , Clamping & Leaf trimming ‘ are some techniques of------------(Bonsai )
1631.’Formal upright , Cascade & Semi-cascade ‘ are various styles of------------(Bonsai )
1632.--------------- is the art of creating miniature landscapes (Saikei )
1633.-------------is an ornamental shrub (Duranta)
1634.-----------plants do not have either seeds or flowers ( Fern )
1635.------------is an ornamental foliage plant
(Aocasia/Aglonema/Caladium/Crotons/Dieffenbachia/Dracaena/Ficus/Fittonia/Marant
a/Sansevieria/Tradescantia/Begonia)
1636.-------- is a specialized garden for the cultivation and display of fern (Fernery)
1637.Adiantum & Nephrolepis are-----------------(Ferns)
1638.’Cymbidium mosaic ‘ is a disease affecting----------------(Orchids)
1639.’Wydate’is a-----------------------(Molluscicide)
1640.’Kacholam’ is propagated through--------------( Rhizomes)
1641.-----------is a source of Cancer drug (Periwinkle)
1642.---------is an excellent soil conserving crop (Vetiver )
1643.A working soil sample weighs------------(500 gm)
1644.Depth of soil sampling under ordinary farming conditions?(15 cm)
1645.Depth of soil sampling for areas having perennial crops?(25 cm)
1646.’Kottanadan’ is a variety of--------------(Pepper)
1647.’RATOL’ is a ----------------------(Rodenticide)
1648.’Aromatic and Medicinal Plants Research Station’ is located at-----------------
(Odakkali)
1649.’SEPTEMBER’ is a variety of-----------------(Cabbage)
1650.In Kerala , Potato & Garlic are cultivated in---------------(Vattavada & Kanthalloor
localities of Idukki)
1651.’MAHYCO’ is a------------------(Seed Company)
1652.’ETHEPHON’ is a------------------(Plant Growth Regulator)
1653.-----------is a non symbiotic nitrogen fixing bacteria (Azotobacter/Blue Green Algae)
1654.’Anabaena azollae’ is a----------------(Bio-fertilizer)
1655.’Anabaena’ is a----------------(Blue Green Algae)
1656.-----------is a associative nitrogen fixing bacteria (Azospirillum )
1657.---------is a hemoprotein found in the root nodules of leguminous plants
(Leghaemoglobin)
1658.’K-2’ is a variety of--------------------------( Mulberry )
1659. Reserpine is isolated from the roots of ------------(Rauwolfia)
1660. ‘Soviet Chinchilla’ & ‘New zealand white’ are breeds of-------------(Rabbit)
1661.’Vigova’ & ‘Khaki Campbell’ are breeds of -------------(Duck)
1662.’Gros Michel’ is a variety of------------------(Banana)
1663.’San Ramon’ is a variety of------------------(Coconut)
1664.----------- is a popular garden fruit tree (Rambuttan)
1665.’Mokara’ & ‘Aerides’ are------------------(Orchids)
1666.-------------is known as the Cat's-tail Orchid(Aerides)
1667.Mushrooms are fleshy fruiting bodies of------------(Fungi)
1668.-----------is an erosion resisting crop (Vetiver)
1669.’Dasheri’ is a variety of-----------------------(Mango)
1670.’FPO’means-----------------------(Fruit Products Order-1955)
1671.-----------------can be used as a food preservative (Benzoic acid & Sulphur
dioxide/Sodium benzoate/Potassium Meta bisulphate)
1672.----------is a stoneless variety of Mango(Sindhu)
1673.’Mulgoa’ is variety of---------------------(Mango)
1674.----------------is known as the ‘QUEEN OF FRUITS’ (Pineapple)
1675.-----------is applied to induce flowering in pineapple (Ethephon)
1676.Solarization is practiced in potting mixture preparation for -----------nurseries
(Pepper)
1677.Indian Institute of Spices Research is located at------------------(Kozhikode)
1678.Spices Board Head Quarters is located at--------------------(Cochin)
1679.’VFPCK’ means--------------(Vegetable and Fruit Promotion Council Kerala)
1680.’Narayakodi’ & ‘Kumbhakodi’ are varieties of---------------(Pepper)
1681.------------------promotes root growth in plants (Phosphorus)
1682.Nutrient that enhances disease resistance of plants?(Potassium)
1683.-------------helps in Chlorophyll synthesis(Sulphur)
1683.Chlorophyll contains---------------------(Magnesium)
1684.--------------introduced cashew to India (Portuguese)
1685.---------------is known as ‘WONDER NUT’ (Cashew nut)
1686.-------------is a food preservative (Citric acid)
1687.---------------is the centre of origin of Black Pepper (India-Kerala)
1688.Gramalakshmi ,Gramapriya , Athulya are breeds of----------------------(Poultry)
1689.------------is known as Button mushroom (Agaricus)
1690.-----------is the most expensive mushroom (Shitake Mushroom )
1691.Father of Organic Farming? (Sir Albert Howard)
1692. Father of Biodynamic farming ? (Rudolf Steiner )
1693.’Panchagavyam’ is associated with------------------------(Biodynamic farming)
1694.’Manchurian Golden’ is a breed of-----------------------(Japanese Quail)
1695.National Centre for Mushroom Research and Training is located at---------------(Solan
, Himachal Pradesh)
1696.’SRI’ means-------------(System of Rice Intensification )
1697.International Crop Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) is
located at------------(Hyderabad , Andhra Pradesh)
1698.Expand ’IFFCO’? (Indian Farmers Fertilizer Cooperative Limited)
1699.Expand ‘CGIAR’ ? (The Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research )
1700.National Biodiversity Authority is located at----------------(Chennai)
1701.Directorate of Rice Research is located at---------------(Hyderabad)
1702.Indian Institute of Pulses Research is located at---------------(Kanpur , Uttar Pradesh)
1703.Directorate of Sorghum Research is located at---------------(Hyderabad)
1704.Expand ‘GIS’? (Geographical Information System )
1705.Central Plantation Crops Research Institute(CPCRI) is located at--------------------
(Kasargode)
1706.’FMD’ means-------------(Foot & Mouth Disease)
1707.National Botanical Research Institute is located at---------------(Lucknow , Uttar
Pradesh)
1708.Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute(CMFRI) is located at----------(Cochin ,
Kerala)
1709.Centre for Sustainable Agriculture is located at------------(Secunderabad , Andhra
Pradesh)
1710.Which is the smallest flowering plant?( Wolffia )
1711.Name the tree whose wood is used to make cricket bats ? (Willow)
1712.Who is the father of Pedology? (Dokuchaev)
1713.The year 2010 is declared as international year of------------- by the United Nations
(Biodiversity)
1714.The year 2004 was declared as international year of------------- by the United Nations
(RICE)
1715.’Silent Valley National Park’ is located at-------------------district of Kerala (Palakkad )
1716.------------is the soil type having maximum fertility (Alluvial soil )
1717.All India Soil and Land Use Survey Head Quarters is located at-----------( Ranchi ,
Jharkhand)
1718.--------is the soil type most suited for Rice cultivation (Alluvial soil)
1719.--------is the soil type most suited for Rubber cultivation (Laterite soil)
1720.-------------is known as ‘Black Gold’ (Petroleum)
1721.------------is the study of trees (Dendrology )
1722.----------- is the ancient Chinese art of growing trees and plants kept small similar to
Bonsai (PENJING)
1723.National tree of India? (Banyan tree- Ficus benghalensis)
1724. ----------is known as "the tree of a thousand uses” ? (Coconut)
1725.World’s largest tree? (General Sherman tree , a Giant Sequoia)
1726.Quinine is obtained from the bark of--------------(Cinchona tree)
1727.pH value of pure water? (7-Neutral)
1728.’Jai Jawan Jai Kisan ‘ was a slogan given by-------------(Lal Bahadur Shastri)
1729.’Jai Jawan Jai Kisan Jai Vigyan ‘ was a slogan given by-------------(Atal Bihari
Vajpayee)
1730.’MILK PAIL OF INDIA’? (HARYANA)
1731.World’s highest production dairy animal? (Holstein Friesian)
1732.Most abundant & successful group of animals on earth? (Insects)
1733.’Vincristin’which is useful in treatment of Blood Cancer is extracted from--------
(Savam Nari- Catheranthus roseus)
1734.Cultivation of flowering and ornamental plants is known as------------(Floriculture)
1735.Most expensive spice in the world? (Saffron)
1736.----------is known as the flowering hormone (Florigen)
1737.Largest Flower in the world? (Rafflesia arnoldii)
1738.Hibiscus is otherwise known as---------------(Chinese Rose)
1739.National Flower of India? (Lotus)
1740.Official flower of Kerala?(Kanikonna-Cassia fistula)
1741.Official tree of Kerala? (Coconut)
1742.-----------is the Japanese art of flower arrangement (IKEBANA)
1743.Which country is known as the ‘Land of Tulips’ ? (Netherlands)
1744.’Silver revolution’ is associated with-------------(Egg production)
1745.’Namakkal’ is a place in Tamil Nadu famous for-------------(Egg production)
1746.Highest egg producing state of India? (Andhra Pradesh)
1747.Largest producing cereal crop of the world? (Maize)
1748.Which is the world’s most widely cultivated cereal crop ? (Wheat)
1749.’Granary of India’? (Punjab)
1750.’India’s Bread Basket’? (Punjab)
1751.’Rice Granary of India’? (Andhra Pradesh)
1752.’Granary of Kerala’? (Palakkad)
1753.’Rice bowl of Kerala’? (Kuttanad)
1754.Place where Rice is cultivated below Mean Sea Level ? (Kuttanad)
1755.--------&--------are the spice districts of Kerala (Idukki & Wayanad)
1756.----------district stands first in production of Coconut in Kerala (Kozhokode)
1757.Largest Rice producing state of Kerala? (Palakkad)
1758.------------is the leading producer of Coconut in India (Kerala)
1759.Which Indian state is known as the’Spice garden of India’? (Kerala)
1760.A medicinal Variety of Rice? (Njavara)
1761.Central Rice Research Institute is located at--------------(Cuttack , Orissa)
1762.’Golden Rice’ is rich in-------------------(Vitamin A)
1763.------------is the leading producer of Wheat in the World (China)
1764.------------is the leading producer of Millets in the World (India)
1765.’World Earth Day’ is observed on----------------(April 22)
1766.’International Day of Biodiversity ’ is observed on----------------(May 22)
1767.The year 2008 was declared as international year of the------------- by the United
Nations (Potato)
1768.Farmer’s day is observed nationally on-------------(December 23)
1769.National flower of USA? (Rose)
1770.-------- is the agricultural practice of breeding and raising domestic rabbits
(Cuniculture)
1771.Which country is the world’s largest producer of cashew nuts ? (Vietnam)
1772.India’s global position in the production of natural Rubber (4th)
1773.Which country is the world’s largest producer of Lemons & Limes ? (India)
1774.Which country is the world’s largest producer of Oranges ? (Brazil)
1775.American Agricultural Scientist who won Nobel Peace Prize in 1970? (Norman E.
Borlaug)
1776.Father of ‘Green revolution’? (Norman E. Borlaug)
1777.’Father of the green revolution in India’? (Dr.M.S. Swaminathan)
1778.The largest tea producing state of India? (Assam)
1779.’FAO’headquarters is located at------------------(Rome ,Italy)
1780.’IFAD’ means? (International Fund for Agricultural Development)
1781.’IFAD’headquarters is located at------------------(Rome ,Italy)
1782.--------------is known as the ‘MUSHROOM CITY OF INDIA’ (SOLAN , Himachal
Pradesh)
1783.’DESTROYING ANGEL’ is a-------------------(Poisonous Mushroom)
1784.------------is a toxic mushroom genus (Amanita)
1785.In India ,Community Development Programme was started in the year---------(1952)
1786.’AAY’ means---------------(Antyodaya Anna Yojana)
1787.Spencer Hatch is associated with-------------(Marthandam project)
1788.’Sriniketan experiment ‘ is associated with---------(Rabindranath Tagore)
1789.’Sevagram Rural Development Programme’ is associated with------------(Mahatma
Gandhi)
1790.’Nilokheri project ‘ is associated with---------(S.K Dey)
1791.Expand ‘IRDP’ ? (Integrated Rural Development Programme)
1792.Expand ‘MGNREGA’?(Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee
Act)
1793.----------is the man behind MGNREGA(Dr.Jean Dreze , a Belgian born economist)
1794.------------is the most widely cultivated crop of Kerala (Coconut)
1795.Which district of Kerala has maximum area under Rubber cultivation? (Kottayam)
1796.-----------is a pension project for farmers implemented by the Government of Kerala
(Kisan Abhiman)
1797.Largest Cashew nut producing district of Kerala? (Kannoor)
1798.Expand ‘CAPEX’?(Kerala Cashew Workers Apex Industrial Co-operative Society ,
Headquarters-Kollam)
1799.Kerala’s first Coir factory was started in 1859 at--------------(Alappuzha)
1800.Central Coir Research Institute is located at--------------(Kalavoor , Alappuzha)
1801.Expand ‘TBGRI’? (Tropical Botanical Garden & Research Institute , Palode ,
Thiruvananthapuram)
1802.Who is the present union minister for Agriculture? (Sharad Pawar)
1803.Who is the Director General of Indian Council of Agricultural Research?
(Dr.Mangala Rai)
1804.Who is the chairman of ‘National Commission on Farmers’ ? (Dr.M.S
Swaminathan)
1805.Who is the present minister for Agriculture in Kerala?(Mullakkara Ratnakaran)
1806.Chairman of NABARD? (Umesh Chandra Sarangi)
1807.NABARD was established on-----------------(1982 July12)
1808.Head Office of NABARD is located at----------------------(Mumbai)
1809.----------is known as ‘the island of cloves’? (Zanzibar)
1810.-----------is known as ‘the spice garden ‘ of Kerala (Idukki)
1811.The Rs.1840 crore Kuttanad Package was proposed by----------(Dr.M.S
Swaminathan commission)
1812.Expand ‘IRMA’? (Institute of Rural Management Anand)
1813.’IRMA’ is licated at----------------(Anand, Gujarath)
1814.Number of Krishi Bhavans in Kerala? (1046)
1815.First agricultural university of India was established in------------(1960)
1816.----------is India’s first agricultural university ( Uttar Pradesh Agricultural University
later known as Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture & Technology)
1817.Development in different sectors of Agriculture especially fruits & vegetables is
referred to as-------(Rainbow revolution)
1818.’White revolution ‘ refers to self sufficiency in producing---------------(Milk)
1819.’GALASA’ means? (Group Approach to Locally Adopted & Sustainable Agriculture)
1820.Soybean contains------------------% protein (35-40%)
1821.Who is the father of ‘Modern Plant Pathology’? (Anton de Bary)
1822.World Coconut day is observed on-------------?(September 2)
1823.United Nation’s Climate Summit was held on December 2009 at------------
(Coppenhagen , Denmark)
1824.World’s biggest seed company? (Monsanto)
1825.Terminator Seed Technology was developed by--------(Delta & Pine Land Company ,
USA which was later acquired by Monsanto)
1826.----------is World’s leading producer of agricultural commodities (China)
1827.----------is World’s leading producer of Cardamom (Guatemala)
1828.----------is World’s leading producer of Black Pepper (Vietnam)
1829. .----------is World’s leading producer of Vanilla (Madagascar)
1830.Expand ‘USDA’? (United States Department of Agriculture)
1831.’SRI’method in Rice is also known as-----------(Madagascar method)
1832.Crescograph was invented by-----? (Jagadish Chandra Bose )
1833.Coconut water is rich in --------------(Cytokinins)
1834.A plant hormone in gaseous state? (Ethylene)
1835.------------is used for ripening the fruit artificially (Calcium carbide)
1836.-------------causes inhibition of root growth (Auxin)
1837.Cauliflower’s economic part ‘head’ is essentially a------------(Flower)
1838.Cabbage’s economic part is------------(Green leaves)
1839.’John F Kennedy’ is a variety of-------------(Rose)
1840.Which variety of Mango is known as ‘the king of Mangoes’? (Alphonso)
1841.Which variety of Mango is known as ‘the queen of Mangoes’? (Kesar)
1842. What is ‘the queen of fruits’? (Mangosteen)
1843.A seedless variety of Pomegranate? (Ganesh)
1844.A seedless variety hybrid of Mango? (Sindhu)
1845. science , production and study of grapes ? (VITICULTURE)
1846.--------------is the cultivation of forest trees (SILVICULTURE)
1847.Spice crop containing highest % of fat? (NUTMEG)
1848.--------- is the second most expensive spice after saffron (Vanilla)
1849.------------is an artificially pollinated Spice crop(Vanilla)
1850.’BRS-1 & BRS-2 ‘are varieties of-------------------(Banana)
1851.’Karthika’ is a variety of--------developed by RRS , Moncompu (Rice)
1852.Study of algae is known as--------------(PHYCOLOGY)
1853.Study of flowers is known as--------------(ANTHOLOGY )
1854.Father of tissue culture? (GOTTLIEB HABERLANDT)
1855.Who was the first recipient of World Food Prize created by Norman Borlaug ?
(Dr.M.S Swaminathan in 1987)
1856.’The One Straw Revolution’ is a book on natural farming by---------(Masanobu
Fukuoka)
1857.Who is regarded as the father of natural farming? (Masanobu Fukuoka)
1858.Father of Bacteriology? (Louis Pasteur)
1859.Father of Virology? (Martinus Willem Beijerink)
1860. Father of Microbiology ? (Antonie van Leeuwenhoek)
1861.Headquarters of the ‘Cardamom Board’ is located at------------(Kottayam)
1862.Chairperson of National Dairy Development Board(NDDB)? (Dr.Amrita Patel)
1863.’Aryan’ & ‘Sabari’ are varieties of------------(Rice)
1864.India’s global position in agricultural production? (2nd)
1865.Centre of origin of Sugarcane? (India)
1866.’Blue revolution’ is related to--------------(Fish production)
1867.‘Silver revolution’ is associated with-------(Egg & poultry)
1868.‘Yellow revolution’ is associated with-------(Edible oils)
1869.‘Pink revolution’ is associated with-------(Prawns)
1870.‘White revolution’ is associated with-------(Milk & Dairy products)
1871.‘Golden revolution’ is associated with-------(Fruits)
1872.‘Grey revolution’ is associated with-------(Fertilizer production)
1873.‘Red revolution’ is associated with-------(Meat production)
1874.’Garden city of India’? (Bangalore)
1875.’Nek Chand’s Rock Garden’ is located at-----------------(Chandigarh)
1876.’Jaffrabadi’ is a breed of-------------------(Buffalo)
1877.Tharparkar is a-----------breed of cattle (Dual purpose)
1878.--------is a draught breed of cattle (Amrit Mahal/ Nagori/Malvi/ Khillari/ Kangayam/
Krishna Valley / Hallikar)
1879.’Mehsana’is a breed of-----------------(Buffalo)
1880.Essential Commodities Act was formulated in the year----------(1955)
1881.-----------is a short duration variety of Rice (Annapurna/Mattathriveni/Makam)
1882.’SAS-1 & Samridhi ‘ are varieties of------------(Arecanut)
1883.Expand ‘RRII’? (Rubber Research Institute of India)
1884.Expand ‘RRIM’? (Rubber Research Institute of Malaysia)
1885.Commercially cultivated cultivar of Oil Palm is---------(Tenera)
1886.A young cucumber suitable for pickling? (Gherkin)
1887.’Pollarding’ is---------------------(A technique of pruning trees)
1888.Dry preserved flower petals with fragrance is called---------(Potpourri)
1889.Breadfruit is vegetatively propagated by--------------(Root cuttings)
1890.Plants produced from the callus of a single explants? (Caliclone)
1891.Gibberellins were discovered by-----------(Korosova of Japan)
1892.A cucurbit used in confectionary? (Ash Gourd)
1893.A drought tolerant vegetable? (Chekkurmanis)
1894.The main features of British gardens are------------(Lawn)
1895.--------------is a cut foliage plant (Alocasia/Maranta/Thuja)
1896.Cropping System Research Station under Kerala Agricultural University is located
at-------(Karamana , Thiruvananthapuram)
1897.Agronomic Research Station under Kerala Agricultural University is located at-------
(Chalakkudy ,Thrissur)
1898.Sugarcane Research Station under Kerala Agricultural University is located at-------
(Thiruvalla)
1899.Farming System Research Station under Kerala Agricultural University is located
at-------(Sadanandapuram , Kottarakkara , Kollam)
1900.Present Vice-chancellor of the Kerala Agricultural University? (K.R Viswambharan)

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS IN COMPETITIVE EXAMS WITH ANSWERS :-

001 Arka Swetha is a variety of (Grapes)

002. The country producing largest quantity of small cardamom (Guatemala)
003. ‘GMO’ means--------------------------( Genetically Modified Organisms )
004. One of the following fruits is tolerant to high salt content in the soil (Date Palm)
005. ‘Exanthema’ in citrus is due to the deficiency of (Copper)
006 Vanilla plants are very sensitive towards (Root disturbance)
007 ‘The die-back disease in citrus is due to the deficiency of an element also’ Name it ?
(Copper)
008 A hybrid variety of grape Anab-e-Shahi X Bangalore Blue is (Arka hans)
009 Arka Gaurav and Arka Mohini are varieties of (Chillies)
010 The training system of grapes followed in Tamil Nady (Pandal system)
011 Cashew Research Station is located at (Anakkayam)
012 A cashew variety (Dhara)
013 Grapes can be stored for 40-45 days at a tempeturere of (-2 to 1.5o c)
014 Rose is commercially propagated by (Budding)
015 Semicascade, cascade and slanting are forms of training (Bonsai)
016 The yield of guava per ha is (12-15 tonnes)
017 A fruit ripen only after harvest is (Avocado)
018 A nut with no cholesterol (Nutmeg)
019 A dwarfing root stock of apple is (M-9)
020 In Kerala the seed certification officer is the Additional Director of Agriculture for
(Crop
Production)
021 The Powers of seed inspection is entrusted with ------- in all districts ( Assistant
Director
Of Agriculture (QC)
022 The Progency of breeder seed is ------------------- ( Foundation seed)
023 The year in which the NSC(National Seed Corporation) was started (1963)
024 The year from which the Seed Act 1966 came into force throughout the country
(1969)
025 No. of seed testing laboratories working in Kerala (2)
026 The Central Seed Testing laboratory is located in (Varanasi & Nagpur)
027 In India seed certification is ……………(Voluntary)
028 In India seed labeling is ----------------- ( compulsory)
029 The prescribed minimum germination percentage for paddy seed is(80%)
030 The colour of the tag prescribed for foundation seed (white)
031 The minimum germination percentage prescribed as for cucumber seed is(60%)
032 The % of pure seed prescribed as per minimum seed certification standards (1971)
for truthfylly labeled paddy seed (97%)
033 A multinational seed company (Du Pont/ Delta & Pineland)
034 The isolation distance prescribed for the production of Hybrid Paddy seeds
(Foundation Class-200 metres , Certified class 100 metres)
035 Factors influencing loss of viability of paddy seeds – (moisture content, storage
temperate, Gas exchange, Physical condition of seed, light, microflora, fungicides)
036 Seed recovery percentage for cucumber (1%)
037 HYVP was stated in …………. (1966)
038 Seed Act 1966 was passed on ……………… (29-12-1966)
039 Minimum germination for quality paddy seed is ………………………. (80%)
040 ‘CRIDA’ located at ………………………….. (Hyderabad)
041 Annual rainfall of Kerala ………………. (300cm)
042 A crop suitable for acid soil ………….(Rice)
043 Element which induces stiffness in straw ………. (Calcium)
044 Green manure crop suited to saline alkali soils……………. (Crotalaria Juncea)
045 A soil havng more sodium salt is …………………(Alkali soil)
046 A disease due to virus in rice …………………. (Tungro)
047 Khaira disease due to deficiency of ……………………in paddy (Zinc)
048 Cause of low productivity of Kari soil is due to ………………………… Low PH
049 An element not essential but useful to rice (Silicon)
050 Tolerance to sheath blight is increased in paddy by ……………. (Potassium fertilizer)
051 India has an arable land of-----------------( 168 million hectares)
052 …………..require more splits of N application (coarse textured soils)
053 Ammoniacal fertilizers are not ideal for …………..soil (alkaline)
054 Mixing neemcake with urea enhances …………………..(Nutrient Use Efficiency)
055 ………………….. helps to reduce Phosphorus fixation in arid soils (Liming)
056 ……………..proposed the criteria of nutrient essentiality (Arnon)
057 Structural formula for urea is …………… (NH2-CO-NH2)
058 Gaseous loss of N occurs through …………&…………(Volatalization and Denitrification)
059 ………………………….coined the term ‘functional mutrient’ (Nicholas)
060 Organic matter status is …………………..in tropical soils (less)
061 Phosphorus fixation is more in …………………. While Potassium fixation is more in
……………… (Kaolinite, montmorillonite)
062 ……………..is an important index of soil fertility in arid soils (Base saturation)
063 Excess ammoniacal fertilizers favour accumulation of ………..in soil (NO2)
064 Fresh urea is recommended for ……………application (foliar)
065 Excess Phosphorus reduces availability of …….& ……… (Fe and Zn)
066 The authors of the book “Manual on Irrigation Agronomy” are (Misra & Ahmed)
067 The author of the book “Irrigation Principles and Practices” is (Israelson)
068 …………………is the journal published by Indian Society of Water Management (Journal
of Water Management)
069 --------- was the first exclusive meteorological satellite built by ISRO (METSAT)
070 The CPE value for scheduling irrigation at IW/CPE of 0.5 with 5 cm irrigation water
is ….. (10)
071 The apparent diameter of the water molecule is …..mm (0.25)
072 The high boiling point and high heat of vaporization of water are due to ……
(Hydrogen bonding)
073 ICRISAT is located at (Hyderabad)
074 The soil depth from which the crop extracts most of the water needed for meeting
the consumptive use requirement is (effective root zone depth)
075 the ultimate irrigation potential of India is ……………..million ha (113.5)
076 The percentage of nitrogen in Ammonium phosphate? (20)
077 The ratio of the volume of soil pores to volume of soil solids is (Void ratio)
078 ‘Njallani’ is known as a wonder variety of-----------(Cardamom)
079 Indian Cardamom Research Institute is located at(Myladumpara , Idukki)
080 ……………..is the method used by Vamadevan and Dasthane to study the components
of water loss in rice. (Drumculture)
081 Cofee Board of India is located at------------(Bangalore)
082 The most important critical period of maize is ……………………………….. (Tasselling and
sulking)
083 Garden city of India? (Bangalore)
084 ‘PFA’ means----------------( Prevention of Food Adulteration Act of 1954 )
85 The moisture content of soil between Field Capacity and Permanent Wilting Point is
called …….. (Availble moisture)
086 In soil science ,‘WHC’ means? (Water Holding Capacity)
087 The annual groundwater resource of India is ……………………M ha m (50)
088 ------is first in production of Pulses & Soybean in India (Madhya Pradesh)
089 India’s food grain production (2008-09) was (233.88 million tones)
090 The effective flow velocity at unit hydraulic gradiant is called (Hydraulic
conductivity)
091 -----has world’s highest % of arable land (India)
092 Crop having allelopathic influence by Nut sedge (Maize)
093 Parasite weed of sorghum (Striga)
094 Weed used as pollution indicator (Cleome viscoca)
095 Grass weed used for soil and water conservation (Cyanodon dactylon)
096 An alternate host of rice stem borer (Panicum repens)
097 Dermatitis is caused by (Ambrosia sp)
098 Skin disease caused by Parthenium sp (Crocodile skin disease)
099 Rice field weed which escapes through ‘mimicry’ (wild rice)
100 A weed causes off flavour in wheat flour (wild rice)
101 A weed used for rope making (Thatch grass)
102 Per capita availability of cultivated land in Kerala is (0.06 ha)
103 Productivity of Rice in Kerala? (2308 kg/ha in 2007-08)
104 Present DG of ICAR (Dr. Mangala Rai)
105 Dominant soil group of Kerala (Laterite)
106 Chemical used to break dormancy (Thiourea)
107 Best soil structure for plant growth is (crumb/ granular)
108 Seed rate for cassava ……………….(2000 stems / 12000 setts)
109 Seed rate for transplanted short duration rice (Spacing for first crop 15 x 10cm)
110 ‘CRIDA’ means--------- (Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture)
111 District of Kerala having largest area under paddy cultivation? (Palakkad)
112 Growth rate of India’s agriculture sector during 2008-09? (1.6% )
113 % area under food crops to total cropped area (38.13 in 1999-00 period)
114 Net area sown (22.71 lakh ha ) 21.89 lakh ha (02-03)
115 Net area irrigated as % to net area sown (15.45%) 17.31 (02-03)
116 Cropping intensity of Kerala is (136%)
117 Colour of tag for foundation seed (White) Certified seed (Blue) Registed seed
(Purple)
118 Chemical used for polyploidy breedling (Colchicine)
119 Indian Seed Act passed in (1966)
120 Indian Seed Act came into force (1969)
121 Minimum germination % for rice seeds for certification (80%)
122 Minimum moisture % for rice seed certification (13%)
123 NH4 fixation is more in (Montmorillonite)
124 Nitrogen availability in cooler region is (less)
125 Nitrification is reduced at (arid condition)
126 Legumes require only ---------(Starter dose of Nitrogen)
127 Zone of elluviation is ( A2 horizon) Zone of illuviation is (B2 horizon)
128 A + B horizon is called (solum)
129 A+B+Parent material is referred to as----------- (Regolith)
130 ‘CREMENT’ means (crop and Resource Management Network)
112 Nitrification inhibitor inhibit (Nitrosomonas)
113 Mixing neem cake with urea increase the efficiency of---------- (urea)
114 ‘Phosphorus’ fixation more in soils rich in (Kaolinite)
115 Super Phosphate ---------- (for Short duration crops)
116 Rock Phosphate -----------(for Perennial crops)
117 Band placement of water-soluble phosphates decrease ( ‘Phosphorus’’ fixation)
118 Rock phosphate is not suitable for (alkaline soil)
119 Control of ‘K’ is high is soils rich in ……. Minerals (2:1)
120 C4 plants prefer comparatively higher temperature than ( C3)
121 Mycorrhiza inoculated plants register (higher Nitrogen content)
122 Luxury consumption is manifested by (K)
123 Hydrogen Sulphide injury is less in soil rich in( Iron)
124 Potassium exist in …………………….form in plants (elemental)
125 In sugarcane the most important critical stage for irrigation (Sprouting)
126 In paddy the most critical stage for irrigation (Flowering)
127 The milling recovery of rice is (70%)
128 Mjor producer of rice in the world (China)
129 IRRI was established in (1960)
130 Queen of cereal is (maize)
131 Nitrogen content in groundnut cake (7.3%)
132 Oil content in copra in % (62)
133 The crop which gives the highest oil production per unit area is (Oil Palm)
134 First domesticated cereals are (Wheat and Barley)
135 Oil content in sesamum seed (50%)
136 Sesamum variety for uplands (Surya)
137 The State having maximum groundnut production (Gujarath)
138 Pulse crop known as ‘biological plough’ (Pigeon pea)
139 Shelling percentage in Groundnut (70)
140 Cassava belongs to the family …………….. (Euphorbiaceae)
141 Cashew research Station in Kerala is located at ………………. (Anakkayam)
142 Sree Rashmi is an improved variety of (Colocasia)
143 On the basis of classification of soil based on acidity, a very strongly acid soil has
pH range of (4 & below)
144 In humus the C.N. Ratio is (10:1)
145 Hygroscopic water is held (more than 31 atmosphere)
146 Advent of Green Revolution was in------- (late 1960)
147 The new name of agricultural prices commission (Commission for Agricultural
Costs and Prices)
148 NAFED is connected with (Agricultural Marketing)
149 Which district of Kerala has got the largest area under forest (Idukki)
150 Which district of Kerala has high average rainfall (Idukki – Neryamangalam)
151 In rice production India ranks (2nd)
152 Seed rate for rice broadcasting (80-100 kg)
153 Production of soyabean from 1994 – 95 to 1998-99 has shown (constant increase)
154 Hawaiian and Salvador types are (Subabul)
155 NPK recommendation for Pepper (50-50-150)
156 MCU-5 and Suvin are varieties of (Cotton)
157 The demand of this bio-fertiliser is highest ?( Azospirillum )
158 A medium duration rice (Jaya)
159 ‘H- 226’ is a variety of (Cassava)
160 Largest rice producing state (West Bengal)
161 Central Potato Research Institute is located (Shimla)
162 Tensiometer is used (Measuring water stress in soil)
163 World Meterological Organisation Head Quarters is at (Geneva)
164 CSH-6 is a short duration variety of (Sorghum)
165 Rohini is a----------- variety of Paddy (Short duration)
166 Ganga hybrid – 1, Deccan hybrid are varieties of (Maize)
167 Interveinal cholorosis in Rubber is due to (Magnesium deficiency)
168 Regional Agricultural Research station (Central Zone) is at ( Pattambi)
169 Krishi Pandit Award is given by (ICAR)
170 Sunshine recorder for measuring (Solar radiation)
171 Soils most retentive of moisture and cracks in dry season (Black soil)
172 Succulence and lodging in plants is due to excessive use of (Nitrogen)
173 Sugarcanes Research Station in Kerala is at (Thiruvalla)
174 Cardamon Research Station in Kerala (Pampadumpara)
175 Balankotta and Kalluvally are (Pepper varieties)
176 Hybrid Napier is evolved b y crossing (Pennisetum typhoides x Pennisetum
purpureum)
177 Samanea saman is an (Ornamental flowering tree)
178 Least production of Black pepper is in (Alappuzha district)
179 The best soil structure for crop production is (Crumby)
180 Cultivation of trees and grasses together (Silvipasture)
181 A respective cultivation of an ordered succession of crops or crops and fallow in
the same land is (crop rotation)
182 Banana Research Station is at (Kannara)
183 Cuscutta is a (complete stem parasite)
184 succulence and lodging in plants is due to the excessive application of (Nitrogen)
185 Species of Rhizobium present in root nodules of soyaben (Rhizobium Japonicum)
186 On the basis of classification of soil based on acidity a very strongly acid soil has a
pH range of ( 4 And below)
187 The minimum desirable limit of moisture in paddy seeds is (12%)
188 the quantity of lime required to neutralise the acidity created by adding 100 kg of
ammonium sulphate is (100 kgs)
189 The licensing authority for issuing the seed dealers licence under the Essential
Commodities Act (Principal Agri. Officer)
190 The class of seed which is not subjected to seed certification (Breeder seed)
191 The class of seed bearing Golden Yellow colour tag (Breeder seed)
192 Minimum germination % fixed for Bhindi seed (65%)
193 Maximim permissible moisture level for Bitterground seed (7%)
194 Soils most retentive of moisture and cracks in dry season (Black soils)
195 Black cotton soil are seen in (Chittur , Palakkad)
196 Hygroscopic water is held tenaciously with a tension of (More than 31 atmosphere)
197 Central Soil Salinity Research Institue is located at (Karnal)
198 The demand of this bio-fertiliser is highest in India ?( Azospirillum)
199 The minimum desirable limit of moisture in paddy seeds (12%)
200 The founder of co-operative movement (Robert Owen)
201 ‘Robert Owen’ the founder of Cooperatives is a native of (Britain)
202 Raiffeisen and Schulze-delitch type of co-operatives are considered to be pioneer
co-operatives of(Germany)
203 The co-operative year is from (July-June)
204 The most ideal agency of supplying credit to the farmers in rural areas (co-
operatives)
205 The private money lender is still an important agency for supplying credit because
of (Least formalities for getting credit)
206 Taccavi loans means (Loans given by Government agencies)
207 Government gives long term loans to agriculturists under the (Land improvement
Loans Act of 1883)
208 Government gives medium term loan to agriculturists under the (Agriculturists
Loan Act of 1884)
209 The type of credit required for paddy cultivation (Short Term Loan)
210 The type of credit required for purchasing milch cattle (Medium term loan)
211 The type of credit required for reclaiming one acre of kayal land (Long term credit)
212 India has the largest area in the world under( pulse crops)
213 Self liquidating loans are used for (Seasonal crops)
214 The HYVP was launched in the country during (1966)
215 The Five Year Plan started in the Year (1951-1956)
216 The period of operation of 11th five year plan ( 2007-2012)
217 Fertiliser consumption in India ( 86.34 kg/ha.’00-01’, Kerala-59.2 kg/ha)
218 The State where maximum number of people live below poverty line ( Uttar
Pradesh )
219 The State where minimum number of people live below poverty line ( Punjab)
220 The Green Revolution in India was intiated in (1966-67)
221 A comprehensive scheme to alleviate mass poverty in rural India is (IRDP)
222 IRDP was launched in (1980)
223 ‘Dunkel draft’ is related to ( Trade policy)
224 Which is the most important indicator of economic development of a country (
National Income)
225 What is the contribution of agriculture to National income of our country (17%)
226 The State having highest density of population ( West Bengal)
227 The State having minimum literacy ( Bihar)
228 Sex ratio in the country 1000:933 (2001)
229 Percentage of labour force engaged in India (70%)
230 Percentage of agriculture labourers to the work force (42%)
231 In India people living below poverty line (25% in 2007)
232 Minimum Wages Act for agricultural labourers was passed in (1948)
233 Bureau of Indian standads was established in (1986)
234 The most ideal type of farming suited to Kerala condition ( Mixed farming)
235 The most common system of farming noticed in India ( Peasant farming)
236 A high density planting in apple can accommodate (5000 plants/ha)
237 A pant with yellow flower is (Allamanda grandiflorum)
238 Acidity in pineapple fruit is favoured by (Shade)
239 A hormone used to increase fruit size is (GA-3)
240 Guava is generally propagated by (Layering)
241 Gummosis in citrus is due to the deficiency of (Boron)
242 A fruit plant which can be layered easily is (Litchi)
243 ‘Kokkan’ disease is generally found in (Banana)
244 Spongy tissue is a problem associated with (Mango)
245 ‘Gooty’ is known as (Air layering)
246 The main component of an English garden is (Lawn)
247 Excess of zinc in the soil lead to non-availability of (Iron)
248 Pineapple Research Station is located at (Vellanikkara)
249 The requirement of soil pH for pincapple is ( 5 to 5.5)
250 The optimum width of a garden path is ( 1m)
251 An element needed for nodule formation in leguminous crops (Boron)
252 Veneer grafting is similar to (Side grafting)
253 Kanaka, Dhara and Anakkayam are varieties of (Cashew nut)
254 ‘NAFED’ means---------? (National Agricultural Cooperative Marketing Federation of
India Ltd)
255 An effective method of hormone application (Lanoline paste)
256 Summer squash and winter squash are varieties of (Ashgourd)
257 ‘I ‘budding is almost similar to (T Budding)
258 Kerala Agricultural University was established in (1971)
259 A hormone responsible for induction of dwarfism (MH)
260 An ideal plant for indoor gardening is (Ficus)
261 Leaf fall in potato is due to deficiency of (Boron)
262 Incompatibilty in graft union is due to-----------(Anatomy)
263 Rubber plants are propagated by a method of budding known as (Forket budding)
264 An element making a constituent of Vitamin B-12 is (Cobalt)
265 Polyalthia longifolia is an (Ornamental tree)
266 An element responsible for change in flower colour of Hydrangea is (Aluminium)
267 Massive flights of stairs with marble is a characteristic feature of (Italian garden)
268 A garden corponent making it larger is (Lawn)
269 The chemical (N-4 (P-Caloro-phenoxy)-phenyl-N- N dimethy urea is commonly
known as (Tenoron)
270 Strawberry plants live for (4-5 years)
271 A cool season flower crop (Carnation)
272 A plant requiring less than 12 hours day light is (Pineapple)
273 A chemical with more herbicidal activity is (MCPA)
274 Poor performance of improved mango varieties in Kerala is due to (Poor light
quality)
275 An annual flowering plant grown throughout the year (Balsam)
276 One among the following vegetables is a warm season crop (Tomato)
277 Increased fruit size in grapes is due to application of (GAB)
278 Red Spanish is a variety of (Pineapple)
279 Lawns are relaid after (3-4 years)
280 A hormone used for flower induction (TIBA)
281 Maturity period for banana is (3 months)
282 Garden display of plants indifferent shapes by cutting and pruning is (Topiary)
283 One among the following is a day- neutral plant (Tomato)
284 An important component of Japanese garden is (Water)
285 One among the following fruits is a hesperedium (Limes)
286 Flower colour of Bauhinia purpurea is (Light Pink)
287 A modern method of cashew propagation is by (soft wood grafting)
288 A typical climacteric fruit is (Banana)
289 A central feature of a garden provides (Focal Point)
290 Optimum storage life life of grape is (6-8 weeks)
291 Samanea saman is a (Shade Tree)
292 A chemical inducing abscission in plants (ABA)
293 Sour sop is (Annona muricata)
294 Storage life of a grape fruit is (above 10 weeks)
295 The following is not used as a preservative for fruits (Alcohol)
296. A hormone inducing dwarfism in plants? (MH)
297. A fruit plant propagated by vegetative method is (Banana)
298. Central Potato Research Station is located in ( Shimla)
299. A fruit rich in Vitamin –A content ( Mango)
300. If properly canned, fruits can be stored for (1-3 years)
301. Rambuttan belongs to the family (Sapindaceae)
302 A flowering plant with reddish orange flower is (Tithonia speciosa)
303 A method of hormone application not generally practiced is (Injection)
304 A chemical inducing parthenocarpy in fruits is (2,4,5-T)
305 A variety of mango used for pulp extraction for soft drinks (Thottapuri)
306 One among the following is not a triploid variety of banana (Pisang lilin)
307 A fruit crop producing the highest tonnage per unit area is (Pineapple)
308 A fruit rich in fat content (Avocado)
309 Origin of brinjal is from (India)
310 The following helps in fruit set (NAA)
311 The best planting material for pineapple is (suckers)
312 A typical distinguishable character of an Acuminata banana is (Pseudostem
colour)
313 Jam is prepared from a fruit with (good pulp)
314 Major export quality of a mango variety is due to its (Firmness)
315 A chemical effective in controlling alternate bearing in mango is (TIBA)
316 Avocado belong to the family (Lauraceae)
317 Apis florea is (the dwarf honeybee)
318 Indian Lac Research Institute is located at (Namkum in Bihar)
319 The cotton aphid Aphis gossypii is predated by (Menochilus sexmaculatus)
320 Dead heart of sorghum is caused by (Atherigona soceata)
321 Rice case worm is (Nymphula depunctalis)
322 Rate of consumption of technical grade pesticide (g/ha) in India during 1999-2000
(288 g)
323 Chelisoches moris is a natural enemy of (Red Palm weevil)
324 Ekalux is the brand name of (Quinalphos)
325 Heptachlor is a (Cyclodiene insectide)
326 Marigold is used for the sociological control of (nematodes)
327 The trade name of pesticide ‘zolone’ (Phosalone)
328 Insecticide that was used widely in Cashew (Endosulfan)
329 The usefulness of silk worm was known as early as (2697 BC)
330 ‘Molemma’ is finely divided dust of (Shellac)
331 Most important and potent parasites belong to the order (Hymenoptera)
332 Destructive insects and Pest Act was passed during the year (1914)
333 The Central Directorate of Plant Protection and Quarantine was established in the
year (1946)
334 The Insecticide Act was enforced on (2-9-1968)
335 The insecticide rules were framed in the year (1971)
336 Trichogramme austrealicum was employed to control (Chilo infuscatellus)
337 Cnaphalocrocis medinalis attack ……….. stage of the crop (All Stages)
338 Spodoptera mauritia purpates in (Earthen chamber in soil)
339 The virus used for the control of gram pod borer (NPV)
340 Oncocephela tuberculata , a pest of tuber crops is a (Leaf miner)
341 The pest of rice laying eggs along the mid rib of leaf blades or mid region of leaf
sheath (Rice case worm)
342 Nematodes in citrus crop is controlled by (Nemagon)
343 Thrips belong to the order (Thysanoptera)
344 Scales and mealy bugs belong to the order (Hemiptera)
345 Diclorvos is ----------- insecticide (Organophosphorus)
346 Lecanium varidae is a major pest of (Coffee)
347 The scolid wasp Compsomeriella collaris parasites the grubs of (Leucopholis
coneophora)
348 Plastron respiration occurs in (Aquatic insects)
349 Grasshopper possess (Saltatorial legs)
350 Metasystox is a (Systemic poison)
351 Insecticide found in fat issue of milch animals (DDT)
352 Nematodes penetrate the plant tissue with (buccal stylet)
353 Lac insect is parasatised by (Parecchio dryinus)
354 The larva of a rice pest which breaths from water (Rice case worm)
355 Families braconidae, chalcididae and Ichneumonidae come under the order
(Hymenoptera)
356 Body of this rice pest is pink to red in colour and is covered with a white waxy meal
(Rice mealy bug)
357 Major portion of Indian lac is produced in (Bihar)
358 An insecticide with strong contract and fumigant action (Diazinon)
359. Flacherie is a bacterial disease sffecting (silk worm)
360. The noxious weed opuntia dilleni was controlled by ( Dactylopus tomentosus)
361. Use of resistant varieties is an important tool in ……………… method of pest control
(Bio-ecological, Integrated)
362. Warfarin is a rodenticide acting as (Anticoagulent)
363. Commerical formulation of the acarcide Teradifon is (Teedion)
364. An acaricide effective agnist all stages of red spider mite and bee mite Acarapis
woodi is ( chlorobenzilate)
365. A liqified gas used to fumigate soil against nematode and soil insects for raising
rooted pepper cuttings (Methyl Bromide)
366. The suggested does of EDB+ for cover fumigation per quintal of grains is (1 MT)
367. The insecticide consumption in India (MT) during 1999-2000 was (31793 MT)
368. The State which consume the highest quantity of pesticide is (Uttar Pradesh)
369. The tobacco solution stock prepared with 500 gm tobacco 120 g soap and 4.5 l
water is diluted _______ times for spraying (6-7)
370. _______is safer organophosphorous insecticide for controlling pests of vegetables
and stored grains (Mercaptothion)
371. Methyl demeton which is strongly systemic and effective against sucking insects
is marketed as (Metasystox)
372. The field rat species living in burrows which has a tail longer than body and
provided with a terminal tuft of long hairs (white rat – Tatera indica)
373 Pot trop is extensively used for catching (Rice field rats)
374 Biological control of African Payal is successfully done by (Cytobagus salviniae)
375 Kerosene emulsion is useful against (Sucking insects)
376 Insecticide dust carriers have a particle size of (1-40 micron)
377 An inset controlled by male sterilization technique in the South Pacific Island
(Dacus Cucurbitae)
378 Visible light spectrum of insect is (253-700 mm)
379 Third generation insecticides are (Hormonal insecticides)
380 Precocines are known as (Fourth generation insecticides)
381 A liquid formulation of insecticide which contain a carrier (Water dispersible
powder)
382 An easy technique of insecticide application in household (Aerosol bomb)
383 Bordeaux mixture act as -------------------------against chrysomelid beetles and leaf
hoppers (Repellent)
384 A natural organic product which act as an insecticide and carrier (Oil of petroleum)
385 Anabasine in an alkaloid in (Tobacco)
386 Rotenone is potent insecticide prepared from (Derries and Lonchocarpus)
387 Hydraulic sprayer work by (compressing liquid)
388 Pneumatic sprayers work by (compressing a layer of air)
389 Droplet size from the mist blower is (50-150 micron)
390 Ultra low volume sprays are made with (Hydraulic power sprayer)
391 An example of blast sprayer (Hand atomizer/ flit pump)
392 A insect parasiting another insect (Parasitoid)
393 A parasite feeding on primary parasite (Secondary)
394 Commonwealth Institute of Biological control, Bangalore was established in (1956)
395 A reduvid predator of Rhinoceros beetle (Platymerus)
396 An earwig predating on Oryctes rhinoceros (Cheisoches moris)
397 Tachinid parasite of Opisina (Spoggosia)
398 Trichogramma minutum is (egg parasite)
399 Curculionid biocontrol agent (Neochetina eichhorniae)
400 Sac brood disease appeared in Kerala in (1991-92)
401 ‘NAFED’ was founded in-------------------(1958)
402 Curculionid biocontrol agent of Salvinia (Cyrtobagous salviniae)
403 NABARD was established in-----------------(1982)
404 Honey contains --------------------% of water (21%)
405 Fibrocin content of silk fibre is (70-81%)
406 Sericine content of silk fibre is (19-20%)
407 Leaf yield of irrigated mulberry under high management practice is (20-30 MT/ha)
408 Larval period of Bombyx mori is (21-26 days)
409 The larval parasite of silkworm is (Uzi fly )
410 Optimum Relative Humidity for silk worm rearing is (65-85%)
411 White muscardine disease of silk worm is caused by (Beauvaria bassiana)
412 A rice variety tolerant to BPH (Thriveni)
413 A rice pest that can be controlled by draining water (case worm)
414 An example of trap cropping (Bhindi around cotton)
415 Sexpheromone used for the control of Red palm weevil (Ferrolure)
416 Technical form of insecticide has -----------------purity (80-96%)
417 Material added to reduce surface tension in insecticide formulation is (emulsifier)
418. A predatory larva on lac encrustation in the field (Holcocera)
419. The strains of lac insect used for cultivation ( Kusmi and rangeeni)
420. ‘Braula’ fly is ectoparasitic on ( Queen bee)
421. Galleria mellonela( the great wax moth ) is seen feeding (wax and products)
422. Acarapis mite infests (adult bees)
423. Tropilaelaps clariae infesting bees is (Brood mite)
424 Movement of bees, “the language of bees” is done with respect to (Sun and
Gravity)
425 The transport of bees from one place to another for foraging purpose (Migration)
426 Queen grafting is done using (24 hour at hunger larva)
427 The following is a larval disease of honey bee (Thai Sac Brood)
428 ‘Isle of wight’ d disease is caused by (Acarapis)
429 Apis mellifera is domesticated in the bee box (Langstroth)
430 The form of sugar present in honey is (Frucose)
431 Honey is formed from the Nector by the action of enzyme (Invertase)
432 Rock bees are seen (Suspended free from top of roof trees)
433 Chillies leaves curl, malform and dry up at tips due to infestation by (Scirtothrips)
434 Orseolia, Paddy Gall midge infests rice at------ stage (Panicle initiation)
435 Leaf tips of young rice plants see rolled and turn white or brownish due to the
infestation of (Rice thrips)
436 Hopper burn in rice is caused by the infestation of (Nilaparvata lugens , BPH)
437 The central whorl of rice is infested by larva and the leaves shrivel with longitudinal
blotches along the margin due to attack of (Hydrellia ,Rice Whorl Maggot)
438 Nymph of Leptocorisa , Rice bug feed on (Young leaves)
439 Draining away water from rice fields is advocated for the control of (Nymphula ,
Rice Case Worm)
440 Continued drought condition in rice fields predisposes the infestation by
(Ripersia,Paddy mealy bug)
441 Tetrastychus is a potential egg parasite in rice filed infesting (Stemborers and leaf
folders)
442 The organism that causes red ring disease of coconut (Rhadinaphelenchus , a
nematode)
443 Rice ‘white tip’ is caused by the infestation of (Aphelenchoides , a nematode)
444. Santallus parellelus, the grubs and adults feed on the eggs and larvae of pests
(Oryctes)
445 The pupal [arasite of Opisina , Black headed caterpillar of Coconut?(Brachymeria)
446. Spadix dry up and inflorescence get crinkled in coconut palm due to the
infestation of ( Pseudococcus , mealy bug)
447. The whitefly that infests the undersurface of the sugaracane leaves (Neomaskellia
Bergii)
448. Conical leaf fold are the symptoms of damage caused by the infeastation on
Bhindi (Sylepta , Bhindi leaf roller)
449. The funges Nematospora, that causes staining on the lint of cotton is introduced
by the insect pest (Dysdercus spp , Red cotton bug)
450. Terminal shoots of brinjal seen withered-indicates the infestation by (Leucinodes ,
Brinjal fruit & shoot borer)
451. Root galls are formed in vegetable crops due to the infestation by (Meloidogyne ,
Root knot nematode)
452. Skeletonising the leave of brinjal is the symptom caused by (Henosepilachna ,
Epilachna beetle)
453. Adult Lepidopterans like----- are pests of crops (Fruit moths)
454. The adults are spiny and black infesting the upper surface of brinjal leaves- young
ones infest undersurface(Urentius , Lace bug)
455. The stout yellowish brown hairy caterpillar infesting drumstick (Taragama)
456. Die back symptom on drumstick is resultant due to the infestation by (Helopeltis ,
Mosquito bug)
457. Studies on means, probability, normals,distribution, etc… come under _____
(Climatology)
458. Environmental lapse rate is about ____________ ( 6.50C/km)
459 Thunderstorms are associated with _______ ( Cumulonimbus)
460 The normal date of onset of South West monsoon over Kerala ________ (1st June)
461. Weather forcasting is done using ________________ (Synoptic chart)
462 The standard atmospheric preassure at sea level is ________________ (1013 mb)
463. The direction of trade winds in Northern hemisphere ____ (North East)
464. The direction of trade winds in Southern hemisphere ______ (South East)
465 In the Northern hemisphere, wind moves around cyclones in _____________ (
Anticlockwise direction)
466. In the Southern hemisphere wind moves around cyclones in _______ (Clockwise
direction)
467. In the Northern hemisphere wind moves around anticyclones in _______ (Clockwise
direction)
468. In the Southern hemisphere wind moves around anticyclones in _______
(Anticlockwise direction)
469. Studies on weather in relation to crops comes under __________ (Agricultural
Meteorology)
470 When temperature increases with height , it is called _______ (inversion)
471 The nearest thermal layer to the earth’s surphace ____________ (Troposphere)
472. The atmosphereic layer above troposphere ________ ( Stratosphere)
473. Ozone is mainly found at a height of ________ (15-35km)
474 The layer between stratosphere and mesosphere ________ (Stratopause)
475. -40◦ C is equal to _______ ( -40 ◦ F)
476. In the Northern hemisphere , Stevenson’s screen door open towards ____________
(North)

477. Self recording rain gauge commonly used in our Country ___ (Float type)
478. Co2 strongly absorbs _________ ( Long wave radiation)
479. Water vapour strongly absorbs __________ (Long wave radiation)
480. Diffuse solar radiation is measured using _________ (Phyrano meter with shade
ring)
481. Beaufort’s scale is used to estimate ________________ ( Wind speed)
482. Line joining Places having same pressure ______________ (Isobar)
483. Line joining places having same temperature _________ (Isotherm)
484. Line joining places having same Rainfall ___________ (Isohyet)
485. Line joining places having same wind speed ____ (Isotachs)
486. Instrument to measure RH______________(Psychrometers and Hygrometers)
487. Indian geostationary satellite used to take cloud pictures ____(Insat 2-A)
488. Photosensitive variety of paddy grown mostly in virippu season _______(Ptb-1)
489. Condition and behaviour of the atmosphere at a given time and place is called
____(Weather)
490. State of atmosphere over a long period of time __________(Climate)
491. Condition of the atmosphere inside the crops and _____(Phytoclimate)
492. Angular distance measured from equator is ______(Latitude)
493. Units of pressure ____(Dynes/sq/cm OR Newton/Sq.m OR Pascal)

494. Sun will be on the equator on _____ (March 21st )

495. Insolation means ______(Solar radiation)
496. Percentage of O2 in the atmosphere__________ (20.5%)
497. Percentage of Argon in the atmosphere _______________(0.93%)
498. Percentage of CO2 in the atmosphere ___(0.03 %)
499. Percentage of Hydrogen in the atmosphere__________(0.00005%)
500. Moisture content of the humid atmosphere by volume is ___(4%)
501. Average of the daily mean temperature of all days in a month is _____(Monthly
mean)
502. Wind blowing from south to north is (southerly wind)
503. Direction from which wind comes is ______(Windward side)
504. Direction to which wind goes is __(Leeward side)
505. Amount of Water vapour present in a unit volume of air (Absolute humidity)
506. Amount of Water vapour present in kilogram of air _(Specific humidity)
507. Halo phenomenon is caused by the cloud__(Cirrostratus)
508. High clouds, examples:- (Cirrus, Cirro-stratus, cirro-cumulus)
509. Middle clouds, examples:-- _(Altostratus, Altocumulus)
510. Low clouds, examples:- ________( Stratocumulus, Nimbus)
511. Okta is a measure of ___(cloud)
512. Both eye reading and self-recording instruments are there in _(Class A
observatory)
513. Condition of atmosphere when temperature falls quickly below zero degree
____(Frost)
514. Short range forecasting is meant for ___________(1-2 days)
515. Medium range forecasting is meant for ________( 3-10 days)
516. Long range forecasting is meant for ___(>10 days for seasons)
517. The term monsoon was derived from Arabic word “Mausam” meaning ______
(Season)
518. ‘Koppen’ has classified the climates into ___________ (5 types)
519. Farmers burn waste in the field during night time to avoid ______(Frost)
520. Air temperature, humidity, pressure and wind speed in the upper atmosphere is
recorded by ------------(Radiosonde)
521. Water balance technique was introduced by ______(Thornthwaite)
522. Plants which are confined to places of very low Rainfall ________ (Xerophytes)
523. Plants which require more water ______(Hydrophytes)
524. Kerala’s annual RF ________(300 cms)
525. Kalavarsha season of Kerala State is _______________ (June-September)
526. Thulavarsha season of Kerala State is _________(October – November)
527. Upper limit of atmosphere is _______________ (750 miles)
528. The oldest meteorological observatory in India ____(Madras)
529. Ozone depletion is brought about by _______ (Chloro Flouro Carbons)
530. Earth’s life giving gaseous envelope is ________(atmosphere)
531. Temperature of - 90 ½ 0 C is mexperienced at _________________ (Mesopause)
532. The electrically charges layer in the atmosphere__(Ionosphere)
533. Energy received outside the atmosphere, on unit area held lower to solar beam is
__(Solar constant)
534. The ratio of reflected radiation to incident radiation ________(Albedo)
535. The solar constant is estimated to be ______ (1.94 cals/sq.cm/min)
536. The atmosphere is warmed up by the heat _________ (radiated from the earth’s
surface)
537. Distribution of crops in the world is influenced by ________ (Climate)
538. The ‘retreating monsoon’ is also known as ________ (North East Monsoon)

539. The outline map of India marked with weather data using international codes and
abbreviations________ (Synoptic map)
540. The concept of Potential evapo-transpiration was first indroduced by _________
(Thornthwaite)
541. The unit for solar radiation measurement __________ (Langley)
542. Highest RF in India is observed at __________ (Mawsinram)
543. The person known as father of agrometeorology in India ______ ( L.A Ramdas)
544. Head Office of WMO(World Meteorological Organisation) _____ (Geneva)
545. A journal in meteorology _____________ (Mausam)
546. A substance used for artificial rain simulation __________ (Ag.I/ Nacl2)
547. Pascal is the international standard unit of _____________ (Pressure)
548. Rice is a _______________ (short day plant)
549. A plant which closes stomata during day time ____________ ( Pineapple)
550. The wavelength of visible portion of solar spectrum ________ (0.39 to 0.7 m)
551. The absorption of solar spectrum by leaves is very high in __________________ (Red
& Blue bands)
552. The India metrological Dept (IMD) Headquarters is at _____________(Pune)
553. In Kerala artificial rain simulation experiments were conducted at _____ (Idukki)
554. Light Intensity influence growth through its effect on_________ (Photosynthesis)
555. Density of shelter belt is decided by _______(wind speed)
556. Rainy day is a day with a RF of > or = to ________________ (2.5 mm)
557. Crop weather calendar is used for ________(finding crop -weather relationship)
558. Daily mean temperature is calculated by finding the average of ___________ (Max &
Min. temperature)
559. The number of agro-climatic regions in India_________________(15)
560. A weather abnormality is __________(Tornado/Cyclone/Cold & Hot Wave)
561. Thermometer was invented by ______________(Galileo Galilei)
562. A funnel shaped cloud extending downwards is a characteristic feature of
__(tornado)
563. Plant life ceases below ___________(40 ◦F)
564. Agromet observations are taken twice daily at _____(7 & 14 hrs LMT)
565. Crop which is highly susceptible to frost ____(Potato)
566. Rain Fall is observed in the agromet. Observatory at _______(8.30 and 14 IST)
567. Agromet observatories in Agricultural Universities are normally ___(B type)
568. The maximum annual rainfall recorded in Kerala is ________(Neryamangalam)
569. Heavy wind blows through Palakkad gap during _(Oct-Nov)
570. According to Beufort’s scale winds are classified into ____(13 classes)
571. The ancient book “Meteorologica’ was complied by ____(Aristotle)
572. Rain is precipitated from the clous________(Nimbus)
573. Occurrence of Mahali diseases of arecanut is associated with _____(South West
Monsoon)
574. The occurrence of bud rot of coconut is associated with __________ (High humidity)
575. The WMO day falls on ______________(March 23rd )
576. The green house gases are ____________(Co2, N2o, CH4 and troposphere O3)
577. The rate of increase in Co2 concentration in atmosphere will lead to _________ (an
increase in earth’s temperature)
578. The rate of increase in Co2 concentration in atmosphere will lead to
_________(higher crop yields)
579. Weather making layer is ____(troposphere)
580. The systems with lower pressure at the centre _______(cyclone)
581. The crop growth model tested in India to simulate rice yields ________(Ceres Rice)
582. The most variable gas in the lower atmosphere is ______(Co2)
583. Albedo of grass is ___(20-25%)
584. The recently launched Indian satellite for the study on coastal management and
marine resources__________(IRS- P4- Oceansat)
585. Winds blowing from sub-tropic high to the equatorial low is _____ ( Trade winds)
586. winds blowing from sub- tropic high to the equatorial poles is ___________ (
Antitrade winds)
587. Surface temperature of sun is __________ (60000K)
588. The visible part of light which is least important in photosynthesis_______ (Green
light)
589. Response of plants to the relative length of day and night periods _________
(Photoperiodism)
590. Short day plants ____________ (Rice, Tobacco, Maize)
591. Long day plants _________ (Wheat, Barley, Sugarbeet)
592. Day neutral plants _________ (tomato, certain varieties of rice)
593. Photoinsentive rice __________ (IR-8, Jaya)
594. Jumping legs are found in ………………………( Grasshopper)
595. Someinsect female reproduce young ones directly .This is called ………………
(Vivipary)
596. Krishi Vigyan Kendra are sponsored by ………( ICAR)
597.Panchayathi Raj was started in the year ………(1959)
598.An extension teacher help farmer to attain desirable changes in his……………………
(Behaviour)
599. The fundamental objective of extension education is …………………..( Development of
the people)
600. The extension work must be based on ………(The needs and interest of the people)
601. First discovered protective insecticide was …………………(DDT)
602. Vegetable treated with BHC are unfit for use for ………… (ever)
603. Best and cheap mulch to minimize wind erosion……………(stubble mulch)
604. Spice districts of Kerala…………………………………………(Idukki and Wayanad)
605. National farmers day ……………………………………………(Dec. 23)
606. State farmers day ……………………………………………………(chingam 1)
607. In India 90% Rubber produced from ……………………………(Kerala)
608. Leading producer of coconut in the world ………………………(Philippines)
609. Largest rice producing district in Kerala…………………………(Palakkad)
610. Ginger research is going on at …………………………………………(Ambalavayal)
611. Cashewnut research centre …………………………………………(Ankkayam)
612. First ecotourism project………………………………………[Thenmala(Kollam)]
613. Study of insects……………………………………………………(Entomology)
614. Most fertile soil……………………………………………………(Alluvial)
615. Largest dairy research centre in India………………………(Karnal , Haryana)
616. Largest producer of sugar in India…………………………(Uttar Pradesh)
617. Banana research centre……………………………………………(Kannara)
618. Common household sugar …………………………………………(Sucrose)
619. Sugar bowl of world …………………………………………………(Cuba)
620. Island of clove ………………………………………...............(Zanzibar)
621. Gas used to ripen fruits ……………………… [Acetylene (Ethylene)]
622. Expand FAO ………………………(Food and Agricultural Organisation)
623. Cardamom research centre ………………………..(Pampadumpara)
624. Central tuber crops research institute-CTCRI ………[Sreekaryam (TRVM)]
625. Expand CPCRI……………………………(Central Plantation Crops
Research Institute)
626. Karshaka Dinam of Kerala ……………………………………(Chingam 1)
627. Headquarters of FAO………………………….[Rome (Italy)]
628. Example of dryland weeds ……………………(Mimosa,Sida)
629. Flower arrangement is called…………………(Ikebana)
630. World environment day…………………………(June 5)
631. Animal by-product used to prepare ice-cream……(Gelatin)
632. Preserved form of fodder…………………………(Silage)
633. Headquarter of Kerala Agricultural University……….(Vellanikkara)
634. Common Viral disease of poultry……………….(Ranikhet disease)
635. Acid present in ant……………………………(formic acid)
636. Who gave the slogan “Jai Javan ,Jai Kisan”……….(Lal Bahadur Shastri)
637. Feb.28 is observed as………………………(National science day)
638. Eichhornia crassipes is…………………………(Water hyacinth)
639. Culture of plants without soil………………(Hydroponics)
640. Study of grasses…………………………………(Agrostology)
641. Which gland in human body known as Adam’s apple…..(Thyroid gland)
642. Tarpentine oil prepared from……………………………(Pine tree)
643. Largest producer of coffee in the world…………(Brazil)
644. Minimum germination% of good quality paddy seed……………………(80%)
645. In grasshopper the number of spiracles is ……………(10)
646. The grasshoppers blood is ……………………………(colourless)
647. Herbicides are used to kill ……………………………………(Weeds)
648. Rodenticides are used to kill ………………………………………( Rats )
649. State famous for sericulture ……………………………………(Karnataka)
650. Blast in rice can be controlled by ……………………….. ……(Agrosan)
651. Name the pest with international status ………………(Locust)
652. Mouth parts of a plant bug are ……………(Piercing and sucking)
653. Which aminal acts as natural tiller of soil …………. ……….. (Earthworm)
654. Best method to control stored grain pest is ………………(Fumigation)
655. Insecticides used in gaseous forms are called ……………………(Fumigants)
656. Expand DDT ……………………………………(Dichloro Diphenyl Trichloro ethane)
657. Expand BHC ……………………………………(Benzene Hexa chloride)
658. Termites belong to order ……………………(Isoptera)
659. Insects have ...... number of legs ………… (6)
660. Wings of the insets are …………………………(Somewhat Triangular)
661. The Salivary glands of insects secrete ………(Amylase)
662. Circulatory system in insects is ………………(Open type)
663. Insecticide of plant origin is ……………………(Azadiractin)
664. Fumigants are available as ……………………(Solids and liquids)
665. Biological control means …………………………(Insect control through biotic factors
artificially )
666.Notorious weed lantana camera is controlled by --------------- (Lantana bug)
667.For the fumigation of rat burrows the fumigant required is ……….(Aluminium
phosphide)
668.The main characteristic feature of an Insect is …………(three pairs of legs)
669.Piercing and sucking type of mouth parts are found in …………(Aphids)
670.The grinding of food in grasshopper is done by …………… (Gizzard)
671.The chief excretory organ in insects is ………( Malpighian tubules )
672.Study of fossi lplants-----------------( Paleobotany)
673.CaCO 3 is used to improve the soil Condition of ----------(Water logged soil)
674.Drip irrigation system was discovered in----------(Israel)
675.Name the essential nutrients available through air and water……………
(Carbon,Hydrogen ,Oxygen)
676.Season for third crop (puncha)------ (Dec-Jan to March-Apr)
677.For motherpalm selection in coconut husked nut should weigh not less than ………
gram (600)
678.A typical hopper burn in rice is caused by feeding of …………(BPH)
679.The damaging stage of cutworm is ………. (Caterpillar)
680.The damaging stage of pink ball worm ……(Caterpillar)
681.The attack of which insect pest can be recognized by unpleasant odour form paddy
field ………(‘Gundhi bug’-Rice bug)
682.Which part of the sprayer breaks the spray fluid in to fine droplets ……………..(Nozzle)
683.Destructive insect and pest act was passed by Govt . of India in ………………(1914)
684.A fodder grass suitable for intercropping in coconut plantation------------(Guinea
grass)
685.Quantity of water or irrigation/tree in loamy soil for coconut (1300 L)
686.H-226 is a variety of ? (Tapioca)
687.Sree prakash is a variety of ?(Tapioca)
688.Removal of side suckers up to flowering in banana (De suckering)
689.The planting density recommended for Rubber in the case of budded plant(420-
450)
690.Rubber research institute of India is located at (Kottayam)
691.Pepper research institute is located at (Panniyoor)
692.Amritmahal is a ---------breed of cattle (Draft breed)
693.Causative organism of Anthrax in cattle (Bacteria)
694.Operation flood is related with (Milk production)
695.Aseel is a breed of----- (Fowl)
696.New castle disease is caused by (Virus)
697.The vector of bunchy top disease in banana is (Banana aphid)
698.A granular insecticide (Furadan)
699.Pink disease in rubber is caused by (Fungus)
700.The variety of Radish with capacity to purify liver is (Pusa chetki)
701.Saras is a popular variety of (Pumpkin)
702.Indu is a popular variety of (Ash gourd)
703.The percentage of oleoresin content in black pepper is (10-13)
704.Botanical name of nut grass (Cyperus rotundus)
705.The stem of sedges have -----shape (Triangular)
706.Springler irrigation is otherwise called (Over head irrigation)
707.In drip irrigation system water saving to the extent of ------% (30-50)
708.The sowing of one crop just before the harvesting of previous crop (Relay
cropping)
709.The cultivation of crops in recurring succession in the same field is called(Crop
rotation)
710.Citrus is propagated by (Apomictic embryos)
711.Bryophyllum is propagated by (Leaf cutting)
712.Papaya is propagated mainly by (Mount layering)
713.A plant hormone used for rooting (IBA)
714.Air layering is otherwise called (Gooty)
715.Mount layering is otherwise called (Stool layering)
716.A thin layer of meristematic cells located between phloem and xylem(Cambium)
717.Rose plant is propagated by (T-budding)
718.Jasmine is a --------type plant (Climber)
719.The critical mean temperature for flowering and fertilization in rice (16-20◦C)
720.Annapoorna is a ----------variety of Rice (Short duration)
721.Aiswarya is a------------variety of Rice (Medium duration)
722.The seed rate of rice for transplanting (60-85 kg/ha)
723.Seed rate for broadcasting (80-100 kg/ha)
724.Keraganga is a hybrid between (WCT X Malayan yellow Dwarf )
725.Size of silt particles (0.002-0.05mm)
726.At field capacity availability of moisture is (Maximum)
727.Plants absorb Nitrogen mainly in -----form (Nitrate)
728.Luxury consumption is associated with -------nutrient (Potassium)
729.Forest soil constitute about -----% of the total land of Kerala (25)
730.A biological indicator of Nitrogen deficiency (Cabbage)
731.The end product of decomposition of organic matter (Humus)
732.The ability of a seed to germinate is called (Seed viability)
733.The inability of a freshly harvested seed to germinate is called (Seed dormancy)
734.Breeders seed is otherwise called (Nucleus seed)
735.Foundation seed is otherwise called (Mother seed)
736.Colour of tag for foundation seed (White)
737.Physical condition of soil resulting from tillage (Tilth)
738.Tillage practice carried out in standing crop is called (After cultivation)
739.The extreme form of minimum tillage is called (Zero tillage )
740. Blue green Algae associated with azolla (Anaebeana)
741. A green manure crop (Glyricidia)
742. Drip irrigation is otherwise called (Trickle irrigation)
743. African payal is biologically controlled by (Cyrtobagous weevils)
744. Chemicals used for weed control are called (Herbicides)
745. First discovered herbicide (2,4-D)
746. Most widely used herbicide in Kerala (Paraquat)
747. A non selective herbicide (Glyphosate)
748. Minimum germination percentage of good quality paddy seeds (80% )
749. Maximum moisture content in paddy seed (13%)
750. The cloud which is found at a height of 500m(Stratus)
751. South-West monsoon contribute--------------% of total annual rainfall in Kerala (60)
752. Top soil is other wise called (Furrow slice)
753. Products of weathering give rise to characteristic layering called (Horizon)
754. Biochemically weathered upper portion of Regolith is (Soil)
755. Inorganic matter comprises ----% of soil (45%)
756. Propogation method in guava (Airlayering)
757. A crop propagated by root cutting (Bread fruit)
758. Instrument used for measuring relative humidity in the crop field (Psychrometer)
759. Cropping system in the homestead areas of Kerala (Multitier cropping system)
760. Spacing for Nendran variety of Banana (2m X 2m)
761. Vertical section of soil showing various layers from surface to bed rock (Soil
profile)
762. Relative proportion of soil particle in a soil mass (Soil texture)
763. Arrangement of soil particle in a soil mass (Soil structure)
764. Branches used for bush pepper propagation (Plagiotropes)
765. Percentage of Nitrogen in urea (46)
766. Soil horizons A,B,C are jointly called (Regolith)
767. Percentage of Potassium in Potassium sulphate (50)
768. Most important form of wind erosion (Saltation)
769. In kerala black soils are seen in -------area (Chittoor)
770. Red soils are seen in -------district of Kerala (Thiruvanathapuram)
771. Important nitrogen deficiency symptom (Yellowing of lower leaves)
772. Phosphorus deficiency symptom (Leaves become purple in colour)
773. Study of vegetable crops (Olericulture)
774. Study of fruit crop (Pomology)
775. Study of ornamental crops (Floriculture)
776. Study of field crops (Agronomy)
777. Azolla is a-----------plant (Water fern )
778. Study of grasses (Agrostology)
779. Most predominant soil group in Kerala (Laterite)
780. Who discovered Bordeaux mixture (Millardet)
781. Instrument used for soil collection in wet lands(Soil auger)
782. Instrument used for measuring wind velocity (Anemometer)
783. Instrument used for measuring wind direction (Wind vane)
784. Instrument used for measuring duration of solar radiation (Sunshine recorder)
785. Instrument used for measuring intensity of solar radiation (Luxmeter)
786.CITRUS CANKER IS CAUSED BY ---------(BACTERIA)
787.ECONOMIC THRESHOLD LEVEL FOR RICE BUG ------( 1 – 2 / BUG / HILL)
788.SREE RASHMI & SREE PALLAVI ARE VARIETIES OF ----------(COLOCASIA)
789.THE PLANTING DENSITY RECOMMENDED IN RUBBER ----------( 420 – 450)
790.LIMING IS NEEDED IN PADDY WHEN THE Ph IS BELOW ----------( 5.5)
791.FUSARIUM ROT AFFECTS ---------- PORTION OF PADDY ( LAEF SHEATH)
792.GRASSY STUNT IN PADDY IS TRANSMITTED BY ----( BROWN PLANT HOPPER)
793.WATER SHOUD BE DRAINED FROM THE PADDY FIELD------- DAYS BEFORE
HARVEST ( 13 DAYS)
794.THE STUDY OF GRASSES FOR ANIMAL CONSUMPTION IS ---- (AGROSTOLOGY)
795.THE SCIENCE OF ATMOSPHERE IS KNOWN AS --- (METEOROLOGY)
796.THE NATURAL SOIL AGGREGATES ARE CALLED -------( PEDS)
797.STUDY OF PLANT DISEASES IS KNOWN AS --------( PHYTOPATHOLOGY)
798.95 % OF PLANT TISSUES ARE MADE UP OF ---------( C, H, O)
799.ALKALI SOILS ARE EXCESSES IN ---------( SODIUM CONTENT)
800.WHICH SOIL GROUP COVERS LARGEST AREA OF INDIA ----------( ALLUVIAL)
801.THE WEATHERING CAUSES ----------(- DISINTEGRATION OF ROCKS )
802.WATER LOGGING OF SOIL INCREASES THE AVAILABILITY OF -------( IRON &
MANAGANESE)
803.IN THE PRODUCTION OF TOBACCO INDIA RANKS ----- IN THE WORLD --------( 3rd)
804.WHICH STATE IS MAXIMUM PRODUCER OF MANGO -------( UTTAR PRADESH)
805.THE MAXIMUM PRODUCTION OF COTTON IS IN THE STATE OF --------( GUJARATH)
806.THE PUNGENCY OF CHILLIES IS DUE TO AN ALKALOID KNOWN AS ---------(
CAPSAICIN)
807.ROOT OF NEW PLANT GOES DOWNWARD DUE TO THE GRAVITY IS KNOWN AS -----
--( GEOTROPISM)
808.THE MOST SUITABLE METHOD OF FERTILIZER APPLICATION IN FRUIT CROP IS ----
--( RING METHOD)
809.ZINC DEFICIENCY IN RICE CAUSES-------- (KHAIRA DISEASE)
810.AGALLOL IS USED FOR ---------( SEED TREATMENT)
811.BORDEAUX MIXTURE WAS DISCOVERED BY ---------( MILLARDET)
812.WHAT KIND OF AN INSECT IS A ‘PAINTED LADY’ -----------( BUTTERFLY)
813.SEASON FOR FIRST CROP ---------( APRIL – MAY TO SEP – OCT)
814.NEMATOLOGY IS A BRANCH OF SCIENCE WHICH DEAL WITH STUDY OF ----------(
NEMATODES)
815.CHEMICALLY VIRUSES ARE COMPOSED OF ----------( NUCLEICACID & PROTEIN )
816. Father of nematology? (Nathan Augustus Cobb)
817.Expand ’CAMPCO’ ? (The Central Arecanut and Cocoa Marketing and Processing
Co-operative Limited , Mangalore)

SOME IMPORTANT AGRI-RELATED INFORMATION

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Soil types of kerala

In general, the soils of Kerala are acidic, kaolintic and gravelly with low CEC, low water
holding capacity and high phosphate fixing capacity. Climate topography, vegetation
and hydrological conditions are the dominant factors of soil formation. On the basis of
the morphological features and physico-chemical properties, the soils of the State have
been classified into red loam, laterite coastal alluvium, riverine alluvium, Onattukara
alluvium, brown hydromorphic, saline hydromorphic, Kuttanad alluvium, black soil and
forest loam.
Red loam
Red loams of Kerala are localized in occurrence and are found mostly in the southern
parts of Thiruvananthapuram district. These soils occur in catenary sequence along
with laterites and are found mainly as deposits by colluviation in foothills and small
hillocks. The rapid permeability of the surface soils also has been responsible for the
characteristic development of these loamy soils, which are very deep and
homogeneous without much expression of horizons. The soils have red colour, which
has been attributed to the presence of hematite or anhydrous ferric oxides. These soils
are essentially kaolinitic in nature, acidic in reaction, highly porous and friable. They are
low in organic matter content as well as in all the essential plant nutrients.
Laterite
Laterite of Kerala is typical kaolinitic weathering products of gneissic and granitic rocks
developed under humid tropical conditions. Heavy rainfall and high temperature
prevalent in the State are conductive to the process of laterisation. The surface soil,
which is reddish brown to yellowish red, is mostly gravelly loam to gravelly clay loam in
texture. The profiles have well-developed B-horizon with abundant ferruginous and
quartz gravels. The plinthite is characterized by a compact vesicular mass below the B-
horizon, composed essentially of a mixture of hydrated oxides of iron and aluminum.
The plinthite includes quarriable type that breaks into blocks and also non-quarriable
type that breaks into irregular lumps. Laterites are in general poor in available nitrogen,
phosphorus and potassium and are low in the bases. They have poor water-holding
capacity, CEC and high P fixing capacity with low organic matter content. They are
generally acidic with pH ranging from 4.5 to 6.2.
They cover about 65 per cent of the total area of the State, occupying a major portion of
the midland and mid-upland regions and are the most extensive of the soil groups
found in Kerala.

Coastal alluvium
These soils are seen in the coastal tracts along the West as a narrow belt with an
average width of about 10 km and have been developed from recent marine deposits.
They show incipient development. The texture is dominated by sand fraction with very
rapid permeability. The A horizon is usually thin and the surface textures observed are
loamy sand and sandy loam. These soils are acidic and of low fertility level. They are
also low in organic matter, clay and CEC.
Riverine Alluvium
These soils occur mostly along the banks of rivers and their tributaries. They show wide
variation in their physico-chemical properties depending obviously on the nature of
alluvium that is deposited and the characteristics of the catchment area through which
the river flows. Horizon differentiation is not well expressed. They are very deep soils
which surface texture ranging from sandy loam to clay loam. They are moderately
supplied with organic matter, nitrogen and potassium. They are acidic and poor in
phosphorus and lime.
Onattukara alluvium
These soils are confined to the Onattukara region comprising the Karunagapally,
Karthikapally and Mavelikara taluks of Kollam and Alappuzha districts. They occur as
marine deposits extending to the interior up to the lateritic belt. The soils are, in general,
coarse textured with immature profiles. In low-lying areas, the water table is high and
drainage is a problem. These soils have very rapid permeability. They are acidic in
reaction and are extremely deficient in all the major plant nutrients.
Brown hydromorphic
Hydromorphic soils, as a group, occur extensively in the State. These soils are mostly
confined to valley bottoms of undulating topography in the midland and to low lying
areas of coastal strip. They have been formed as a result of transportation and
sedimentation of material from adjacent hill slopes and also through deposition by
rivers. They exhibit wide variation in physico-chemical properties and morphological
features. The development of the soil profiles has occurred under impeded drainage
conditions. These soils, therefore, exhibit characteristic hydromorphic features like grey
horizons, mottling streaks, hard pans, organic matter depositions, iron and manganese
concretion, etc. Drainage is the major problem. They are moderately supplied with
organic matter, nitrogen and potassium and are deficient in lime and phosphorus.
Acidity is a problem in some areas.

Saline hydromorphic
These soils are usually seen within the coastal tracts of the districts of Ernakulam,
Alappuzha, Trissur and Kannur. The origin, genesis and development of these soils have
been under peculiar physiographic conditions. They are, therefore, not comparable with
the saline soils occurring in the other parts of the Country. The network of backwaters
and estuaries bordering the coast serves as an inlet of tidal waters to flow into these
areas, causing Salinity. Wide fluctuation in the intensity of salinity has been observed.
During the rainy season, the fields are flooded and most of the salt is leached out,
leaving the area almost free of the salts. Electrical conductivity of the soil during this
season ranges from 0.1 to 2.0 mmhos/cm2. The maximum accumulation of toxic salts
is observed during the summer months from March to April when electrical
conductivity rises to the range of 10 to 15 mmhos/cm2. These soils are in general
brownish, deep and imperfectly drained. The profile show wide variation in texture, as is
common in most of the alluvial soils. Being developed in areas with relatively high
ground water table, these soils show aquic properties. In some areas, undecomposed
organic matter is observed in the lower layers, causing problems of acidity. The Pokkali
(Ernakulam district) and kaipad (Kannur district) soils come under this category.
Kuttanad alluvium
The Kuttanad region covering about 875 km2 is a unique agricultural area in the world.
A good portion of this area lies 1-2 m below MSL and is submerged for major parts of
the year. The area is susceptible to seasonal ingress of saline water as a result of tidal
inflow from the sea. During the monsoons, the rivers and rivulets pour fresh water into
the area. As the North East monsoon recedes, seawater again enters the Vembanad
Lake and the whole area becomes saline. Hence, the soils of Kuttanad area are faced
with the serious problems of hydrology floods, acidity and salinity. Consequent on the
construction of the Thanneermukkam bund, salinity hazards have been considerably
reduced. The soils of Kuttanad form the typical waterlogged soils and are entirely
different from normal well-drained soils in their morphological, chemical and physical
characteristics. They can be grouped into three categories, the Kayal soils, the
karappadam soils and the Kari soils which are dealt with in the zone of Problem Areas.
Black soils
Black soils are restricted in their occurrence to Chittoor taluk of Palakkad district. They
are found to occur in patches and are considered as extension of the black cotton soils
observed in the adjacent Coimbatore district of Tamil Nadu. These soils are dark, low in
organic matter, calcareous, neutral to moderately alkaline (PH 7.0 to 8.5) and high in
clay content and CEC. Hence they exhibit the characteristic cracking during dry periods.
They are usually located in gently sloping to nearly level lands. The levels of potassium
and calcium are moderate and those of nitrogen and phosphorus, low.
In a relatively small area of 1000 ha. in Chittoor block, a highly dispersed soil termed as
"Poonthalpadam" soil, is seen. This soil occurs as a slushy layer to a depth of about
0.5m to 1.5m. A bed of limestone is seen beneath the slushy layer. The physical
properties like plasticity, cohesion, expansion and shrinkage are similar to those of the
regular soils of the Deccan.
Forest loam
Being the products of weathering of crystalline rocks under forest cover, they are
restricted in occurrence to the eastern parts of the State. They have immature profiles
with shallow soils, followed by gneissic parent material in various stages of weathering.
In areas with lesser canopy cover, signs of laterisation have been observed in the
profiles. They generally show vide variation in depth and are dark reddish brown to
black, with loam to silty loam texture. In denuded areas, leaching and deposition of
humus in the lower layers are observed. The B-horizon usually contains gneissic gravels
and boulders. These soils are generally acidic with PH ranging from 5.5 to 6.3. They are
rich in nitrogen; but poor in the bases because of heavy leaching.

Topographical classification of Kerala

Based on the physical features classified as given below:-

High Ranges (above 750m MSL)
The mountainous land (elevation: 750 m to 2500 m above MSL) along the Western
Ghats with jutting rocks and loamy soils constitutes the High Ranges. The two districts
of Wayanad and Idukki and the eastern parts of the other districts bordering the
Western Ghats come under this class. Most of the reserve forests of the state are in
this tract. The important peaks in the Western Ghats are Anamudi (2690 m), Mukunti
(2550m) and Nilgiris (2470m). The Palakkad gap with a width of 32 km is the largest
pass in the Western Ghats. In addition, there are a few other passes in the Ghats such
as Aramboli, kumali, kambam, Thevaram,Bodinaikannuur, karkken, periya and
Perambadi. Plantations of tea, coffee, rubber and cardamom dominate the High Range
region.
High land (75-750m above MSL)
This hilly tract on the western side of Western Ghats, comprising about 43 per cent of
the land and supporting 14 per cent of the population, is covered with forests and small
streams. Plantations of tea, coffee, cardamom and rubber are common. The soils are
generally forest loams, which show wide variation in depth with a very high percentage
of organic matter. A large percentage of the population of hill tribes lives in this region.
Midland (7.5-75m above MSL)
The midland plains comprising about 42 per cent of the land mass have an undulating
terrain intersected by numerous rivers, small hills and valley and 59 per cent of the
state's population live in this tract. The soil is mainly laterite and supports an intense
diversity of seasonal, annual and perennial crops like rice, sugarcane, tapioca banana,
ginger, coconut, arecanut, pepper, cashew, rubber etc.
Lowland (Up to 7.5m above MSL)
The lowland bordering the Arabian Sea is a strip of land running along the coast. This
region comprises about 10 per cent of the total area, supports 26 per cent of the
population and is characterized by marine landforms consisting of beach ridges and
beaches with swamps and lagoons. During monsoons, several places are liable to be
flooded, particularly 'Kuttanad' area which is situated below the sea level. This region is
noted for its picturesque backwaters with extensive paddy fields interspersed with
plantation of coconut and arecanut. The soil is generally sandy to sandy loam but
alluvial along the banks of rivers

Soil Conservation
Soil conservation is an effort made by man to prevent soil erosion in order to retain the
fertility of soil. It may not be possible to stop soil erosion entirely.
Any erosion such as gullies already formed should be tackled by construction of dams
or obstructions. Ploughing and tilling of land should be done along contour levels so
that the furrows run across the slope of land. Bunds should be constructed according
to contours. Trees reduce the force of straight winds and obstruct blowing away of dust
particles. Plants, grass and shrubs reduce the speed of flowing water. Therefore, such
vegetable cover should not be removed indiscriminately, where it dose not exist, steps
should be taken to plant it.
Natural vegetation cover prevents soil erosion in three ways : (i) The roots of plants
bind together the particles of soil; (ii) Plants check the force of wind so that it cannot
blow away the soil particles; and (iii) Plants lessen the force of rain as it reaches the
ground.

Measures for Soil Conservation

(i) Planting cover crops such as grasses, on uncultivated land. Trees should be
Planted along hill slopes.
(ii) Adoption of correct farming techniques such as contour ploughing and strip
Cropping,. Strip cropping is the practice of planting alternate rows of close growing
plants such as beans and peas, with open growing crops such as corn. This practice
prevents wind erosion.
(iii) Terracing, the practice of cutting steps in hillside, to create level land for
Cultivation.
(iv) Construction of check dams on steep slopes which prevent gully erosion and
Spread gullies.
(v) Creation of wind breaks by planting lines of trees, hedges or fences which
Obstruct the path of wind thereby reducing its speed and hence reducing soil erosion.
(vi) Controlling grazing of pastures.
(vii) Suspending cultivation for one season and more, so as to help the soil recover its
fertility.

INSTITUTIONS UNDER KERALA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY

FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE
1 College of Agriculture, Vellayani.PO., Thiruvananthapuram-695 522
2 College of Agriculture, Vellanikkara, KAU, P.O., Thrissur-680 656
3 College of Agriculture, Padannakkad, Kasargod-671 328
4 College of Forestry, Vellanikkara, KAU P.O., Thrissur-680 656
5 College of Co-opern., Banking & Mgt, KAU P.O., Vellanikkara-680 656

FACULTY OF VETERINARY & ANIMAL SCIENCES

6 College of Vety. & Animal Sciences, Mannuthy P.O. - 680 651
7 College of Vety. & Animal Sciences, Pookod, Wayanad
8 College of Dairy Science & Techno. Mannuthy P.O., Thrissur - 680 651

FACULTY OF FISHERIES
9 College of Fisheries, Panangad RO., Ernakulam-682 526
FACULTY OF AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING
10 KCAET, Tavanur, Malappuram-679573

REGIONAL RESEARCH STATIONS OF KAU

1 Regional Agricultural Research Station (Northern Zone), Pilicode
2 Regional Agricultural Research Station (Central Zone), Pattambi
3 Regional Agricultural Research Station (Southern Zone), Vellayani
4 Regional Agricultural Research Station (Special problem area zone),Kumarakom
5 Regional Agricultural Research Station (Highrange Zone), Ambalavayal
6 Onattukara Regional Agricultural Research Station, Kayamkulam

OTHER RESEARCH STATIONS OF KAU

Agricultural Research Station, Mannuthy

Agronomic Research Station, Chalakudy
Aromatic & Medicinal Plants Research Station, Odakkali
Banana Research Station, Kannara
Cardamom Research Station, Pampadumpara
Cattle Breading Farm, Thumburmuzhi
Cashew Research Station, Anakayam
Cashew Research Station, Madakkathara
Cattle Infertility Scheme, Vellimadukunnu
Coconut Research Station, Balaramapuram
Cropping Systems Research Centre, Karamana
Farming Systems Research Station, Sadanandapuram, Kottarakkara
Fisheries Station, Puduvyppu
Livestock Research Station, Thiruvazhamkunnu
Pepper Research Station, Panniyur
Pineapple Research Station, Vazhakulam, Muvattupuzha

Pineapple Research Station, Vellanikkara

Rice Research Station, Moncompu
Rice Research Station, Vyttila
Sugarcane Research Station, Thiruvalla
Soil Conservation Research Centre, Konni
University Livestock Farm, Mannuthy
University Pig Breeding Farm, Mannuthy
University Poultry & Duck Farm, Mannuthy
Sales Counter, Mannuthy
Communication Centre, Mannuthy
Instructional Farm, Vellayani
OTHER MAJOR INSTITUTIONS IN AGRICULTURE SECTOR

KERALA AGRO INDUSTRIES CORPORATION LTD.

Kissan Jyothi, Fort, Thiruvananthapuram - 695 023

KERALA AGRO MACHINERY CORPORATION LTD.

Athani.P.O., Ernakulam - 683 585

KERALA STATE HORTICULTURAL PRODUCTS

DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
Poojappura, Thiruvananthapuram

STATE FARMING CORPORATION OF KERALA

Nellipally RC., Punalur, Kollam

TRIVANDRUM RUBBER WORKS Thiruvananthapuram - 695 007

KERALA KERAKARSHAKA SAHAKARANA FEDERATION (KERAFED)

Aristo Junction, Thiruvananthapuram - 695 007

THE PLANTATION CORPORATION OF KERALA

Kottayam - 686 004

OIL PALM INDIA LTD.

P.B. No. 1715, Kottayam - 686 039

KERALA STATE WAREHOUSING CORPORATION

P.B. No. 1727, Kochi - 682 016

KERALA STATE CO-OPERATIVE RUBBER MARKETING

FEDERATION LIMITED
P.B. No. 15, Gandhi Nagar, Kochi - 682 020

KERALA STATE CO-OPERATIVE MARKETING FEDERATION

Post Box. No. 2024, Gandhi Nagar, Kochi - 682020

KERALA LAND DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION

Thycadu, Thiruvananthapuram - 695 014

SMALL FARMER'S AGRI BUSINESS CONSORTIUM

Thiruvananthapuram
STATE AGRICULTURAL PRICES BOARD
Statue, Thiruvananthapuram - 695 001

VEGETABLE AND FRUIT PROMOTION COUNCIL KERALAM

Mythri Bhavan, Kakkanad, Kochi - 682 030

FERTILISERS AND CHEMICALS TRAVANCORE LTD. (FACT)

P.B. No. 15, Udyogamandal - 683 501

COCONUT DEVELOPMENT BOARD

Kera Bhavan, Kochi

RUBBER BOARD
Kottayam - 686 002

SPICES BOARD
P.B. No. 2277, Kochi - 682 025

TROPICAL BOTANIC GARDEN AND RESEARCH INSTITUTE

(TBGRI), Palode, Thiruvananthapuram

INDIAN INSTITUTE OF SPICES RESEARCH (IISR)

Marikunnu P.O., Kozhikode - 673 012

CENTRE FOR WATER RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT

AND MANAGEMENT (CWRDM)
Kunnamangalam, Kozhikode - 673 571

CENTRAL TUBER CROPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE (CTCRI)

Sreekariyam, Thiruvananthapuram - 695 017

CENTRAL PLANTATION CROPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE (CPCRI)

Kasaragod - 671 124

DIRECTORATE OF COCOA, ARECANUT & SPICES DEVELOPMENT

Kozhikode - 673 005

THE CASHEW EXPORT PROMOTION COUNCIL OF INDIA

P.B. No. 1709, Kochi - 682 016

REGIONAL RESEARCH LABORATORY

Industrial Estate P.O., Pappanamcode, Thiruvananthapuram - 695 069
CENTER FOR EARTH SCIENCE STUDIES Akkulam, P.B. No.7250, Thuruvikkal.P.O.,
Thiruvananthapuram - 695 031

RAJEEV GANDHI CENTRE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY

Melarannor Road, Pooiappura, Thiruvananthapuram

M.S. SWAMINATHAN RESEARCH FOUNDATION, KALPETTA

Agro Bio Diversity Centre

COIR BOARD
Coir House, Kochi - 682 016

Publications in the Farm Sector

1. Kerala Karshakan
Monthly
Farm Information Bureau
Kowdiyar P.O., Thiruvananthapuram
Annual Subscription – Rs 80/-
Lifetime Subscription – Rs 500/-
2. Kalpadhenu

Quarterly Publication
Communication Centre
Kerala Agriculture University
Mannuthy, Thrissur - 680 651
Annual Subscription – Rs 15/-
Five Years Subscription – Rs 60/-
Lifetime Subscription – Rs 150/-
3 Indian Nalikera Journal

Coconut Development Board

Kerabhavan, Ernakulam, Kochi- 682 011
Annual Subscription – Rs 40/-
Single Issue – Rs 4/-.
4. Rubber Magazine

Rubber Board
Kottayam – 686 002
Single Issue – Rs 2/-
Annual Subscription – Rs 20/-
Lifetime Subscription – Rs 250/-
5 Karshakasree Magazine

Malayalamanorama
Kottayam-1
Single issue – Rs 10/-
6. Karshakan Magazine

P.B. No.7
College Road
Kottayam-1
Single Issue – Rs 10/-
Annual Subscription – Rs 100/-
7 Spices India

Spices Board
Kochi.
Varieties of Important Crops:-
Rice
• Pavithra, Panjami, Uma, Karishma, Krishnanjana : Tolerant to gall midge biotype 5
• Remanika : Short duration variety
• Revathi : Medium duration
• Karishma, Krishnanjana : For kari soils in Kuttanad
• Karuna : Widely adaptable photo sensitive variety
• Deepthi : For high ranges of Kerala
• Makarom, Kumbham : For eastern lateritic belts during mundakan
• Harsha
Sesame
• Thilathara : Average yield 582 kg/ha
Blackgram
• Sumanjana
Cowpea
• Vyjayanthi : High yielding wine red poded
• Kairali
• Bhagyalakshmi
• Lola
• Subhra : Grain type

• Cucumber
• Soubhagya : Small to medium size, high yielding
• Mudicode : Attractive golden yellow fruits, High yielding
• Mudicode : High yielding, Attractive colour
• Arunima
Brinjal
• Neelima : First brinjal hybrid of KAU, bacterial wilt resistant
• Haritha : High yielding bacterial wilt resistant long duration variety
Bittergourd
• Priyanka : High yielding
Snakegourd
• Kaumudi : White type, long fruits, high yielding
Ash gourd
• KAU local : High yielding, highly adaptable
• Indu : High yielding, mosaic tolerant
Ridge gourd
• Haritha
Chinese Potato
• Nidhi : Early, high yielding
Greater yam
• Indu : High yielding

Black pepper
• Panniyur 6
• Panniyur 7
Cocoa
• CCRP 1,2,3,4,5 and 6
Sugarcane
• Madhumathi : High yielding mid late maturing, high jaggery quality and recovery

• KERALA-BASIC INFORMATION
• Location: North Latitude Between 80 - 18' and 120- 48'
East Longitude Between 740 - 52' and 770 - 22'
Area - 38,863 Sq.Km
Percentage of Area to the area of Indian Union - 1.18
Length of Costal Line - 580 KM
Highest Peak - Anamudi (2694 meters)
West flowing rivers - 41 Nos.
East flowing rivers - 3 Nos.
Districts - 14 Nos.
Taluks - 63 Nos.
Revenue Village - 1478 Nos.
Panchayat - 999 Nos.
Corporations - 5 Nos.
Municipalities - 53 Nos.
M.L.A.s Elected - 140 Nos.
Rajya Sabha - 9 Nos.
Community Development Blocks - 152 Nos.
Average Annual Rainfall - 2900 mm.
Percapita land - 0.12 ha.
Percapita production of food grain - 21.6 kg.
No. of Padasekharams - 7359
No. of Kurumulaku Samrakshana Samithies - 1409
No. of Haritha Sanghams - 1581

INSTITUTIONS UNDER Kerala Agri. University:-

Teaching Institutions
• College of Agriculture, Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram
• Kerala Veterinary College, Mannuthy, Thrissur
• College of Horticulture, Thrissur
• College of Agriculture, Padannakkad, Kasaragod
• College of Forestry, KAU Campus, Thrissur [1]
• College of Co-Operation, Banking & Management, KAU Campus, Thrissur
• College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, Thrissur
• College of Veterinary& Animal Sciences, Pookot, Lakkidi, Wayanad
• College of Fisheries, Panangad, Ernakulam
• College of Dairy Science & Technology, Idukki (Presently at Mannuthy, Thrissur)
• Kelappaji College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Tavanur, Malappuram
Research Stations
Northern Zone
• Regional Agricultural Research Station, Pilicode, Kasaragod
• Pepper Research Station, Panniyur, Kanhirangad, Kannur
High Range Zone
• Regional Agricultural Research Station, Ambalavayal, Wayanad
• Cardamom Research Station, Pampadumpara, Idukki
Central Zone
• Regional Agricultural Research Station, Pattambi, Palakkad
• Banana Research Station, Kannara, Thrissur
• Agronomic Research Station, Chalakudy, Thrissur
• Cashew Research Station, Madakkathara, Thrissur
• Cashew Research Station , Anakkayam, Malappuram
• Aromatic & Medicinal Plants Research Station, Odakkali, Ernakulam
• Pineapple Research Station, Vazhakulam, Muvattupuzha, Ernakulam
• Agricultural Research Station, Mannuthy, Thrissur
• Plant Propagation & Nursery Management Unit, KAU Campus, Thrissur
Special Zone of Problem Areas
• Regional Agricultural Research Station, Kumarakom, Kottayam
• Rice Research Station, Vyttila, Kochi
• Rice Research Station , Moncompu, Alappuzha
• Sugaracane Res.Station, Thiruvalla, Pathanamthitta
• Agricultural Drainage Scheme, Karumady, Alappuzha
Onattukara Zone
• Regional Agricultural Research Station , Kayamkulam, Alappuzha
Southern Zone
• Regional Agricultural Research Station, Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram
• Cropping Systems Research Centre, Karamana, Thiruvananthapuram
• Coconut Research Station, Balaramapuram, Thiruvananthapuram
• Farming Systems Research Station, Sadananthapuram, Kottarakkara, Kollam
• Soil Conservation Research Centre , Konni, Pathanamthitta
Research Stations not covered under NARP set up
• Cattle Infertility Scheme, Vellimadukunnu, Kozhikode
• Cattle Breeding Farm, Chalakudy, Thrissur
• Livestock Research Station, Thiruvazhamkunnu, Palakkad
• Poultry & Duck Farm, Mannuthy, Thrissur
• University Livestock Farm, Mannuthy, Thrissur
• Centre for Pig Breeding & Research, Mannuthy, Thrissur
• Fisheries Station, Puduveypu, Kochi

Training & Extension Centres

• Communication Centre, Mannuthy, Thrissur
• Central Training Institute, Mannuthy, Thrissur
• Agricultural Technology Information Centre, Mannuthy, Thrissur
• Information and Sales Centre, Mannuthy, Thrissur
• Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Sadananthapuram, Kollam
• Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Pattambi, Palakkad
• Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Ambalavayal, Wayanad

• Krishi Vigyan Kendra, KAU Campus, Thrissur

• Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Kumarakom, Kottayam
• Krishi Vigyan Kendra Kannur (Conducted and hosted first Farmers' Science
Congress)The kendra has a subsurface dyke in its farm as part of the rainwater
harvesting demonstration unit. The kendra has pioneered a new branch of agricultural
extension called Creative Extension
• Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Tavanur, Malappuram
AGRICULTURAL REVOLUTIONS IN INDIA:-

Revolution:- Related with:-

Green Revolution Food grain Production
Golden Revolution Fruit Production
Grey Revolution Fertilizer Production
Blue Revolution Fish Production
Black Revolution Petroleum Production
Pink Revolution Prawn Production
Round Revolution Potato Production
Red Revolution Meat/Tomato Production
Silver Revolution Egg/Poultry Production
White Revolution Milk Production
Yellow Revolution Oil seeds Production

Important breeds of cattle :-

• The domestication of cattle appears to have taken place before 4000 BC. In India
there are 26 well defined breeds of cattle.
• They are classified into 3 different categories based upon their utility.
Milch breeds

• Gir, Sahiwal, Red Sindhi, Tharparkar

Draught breeds
• Amrit Mahal, Nagori, Malvi, Hallikar, Khillari, Kangayam, Krishna Valley
Dual purpose breeds
• Ongole, Nirmari, Hariana, Deoni, Kankrej, Dangi
1. Among buffaloes the important breeds include Murrah, Nili - Ravi, Surti, Jaffara badi,
Mehsana and Nagpuri. In Andhra Pradesh a new breed known as Godavari was evolved
through grading up of local buffaloes with Murrah over generations.
2. India shares 50% of the total buffalo population of the world.
3. The contribution of buffalo milk towards the total milk production in our country is
nearly 60% eventhough the buffalo population is 1/3rd the cattle population.
Important breeds of cattle in India
1. Sahiwal
2. Gir
3. Kangayam
4. Red Sindhi
5. Tharparkar
6. Hallikar
7. Kankrej
8. Amrit Mahal
9. Ongole

VARIETIES OF IMPORTANT CROPS OF INDIA AT A GLANCE:-

Field Crops
Sl.No. Crop Varieties
1. Paddy Taichung-Sanyu, Arkavati, Swarna dhan, mansarovar, Mahsuri, IR-31851-6-3-3-
2, C-14-8
2. Green Gram Pusa-105, Pusa-115, Ml-322
3. Black Gram Type-9,Mash-64, Ph-768

Plantation Crops
Sl.No. Crop Varieties
1. Coconut Andaman tall, Katchal tall, Malayan Dwarf orange, Dwarf yellow, Dwarf
Green, Hybrids TXD(local), DXT, East coast tall
2. Arecanut Andaman local , Mangla,Samridhi,Calicut-17,Caliocut-31, Calicur-35
3. Cashewnut Grafted early flowering once, VR-1, VR-2

Spices
Sl.No. Crop Varieties
1. Black Pepper Panniyur hybrid-
1,Subhakara,Karimunda,Panchami,Pournami,Kottanadan
2. Cinnamon Ceylon(local)
3. Bay leaf Goood Local
4. Nutmug Grafted
5. Turmeric Gl-Duran III, CLS-22
6. Ginger Nadia,Jorhat,Wynod,Rio-Dejenerio,Mahima

Sl.No. Crop Varieties

1. Tomato Pusa rubi,Arka shorab, Punjab chuhara,Phule-16,Bt-105,Tomato-415,LE-
37014,
BWR-14,Hybrid,PKM-I,CAV-1,CAV-2
2. Bhendi Parbhani kranti, Arka anamika,Varsha,,Indam-9821,Vijay, A.Abhay
3. Brinjal Arka nidhi, Arka keshav,Ches-243,BB-46, Mukta Keshi
4. Cowpea Pusa Barsati,Pusa Komal,Pusa Dofasli, Pusa Phalguni,Sel 61-B, Laffa SPL,
Long green, CO-1
5. Bottle gourd BGL round, Pusa summer prolific long(PSPL), Pusa summer prolific
round(PSPR), Arka Bahar
6. Cucumber Poinsett, Japanese green, Priya, Pusa sanjog
7. French Bran Arka Komal , Contender, Sel-2,Arka surida
8. Snake gourd Long green, Co-1
9. Pumpkin Arka Suryamukhi, Co-1,A.Chandan
10. Poi Green leaves, White Bombai
11. Spinach All green, Pusa Jyoti, Green leaves
12. Amaranthus Indam-1(OP), Green Leaves, Red & Green, CO-1
13. Chilli Pusa Jwala, I-red, Pant C-1, Suryamukhi (HYB)
14. Radish Pusa Chetki, Japanese White
15. Capsicum Hybrid Bharat, Bull nose, California wonder
16. Cauliflower Silver moon, F1-Hybrid, Chandramukhi. Safed Moti, Best Early
17. Cabbage Ganesh Gol, Early Drumhead
18. Knolkhol CO-1, White Viena
19. Carrot Early nantes
20. Cluster Beans Pusa Naba Bahar

Fruits
Sl.No. Crop Varieties
1. Banana Dwarf cavendish, Robusta, Nendran, Poovan,Red Banana
2. Mango Arka Anmol, Bangana Palli, Neelam, Malgova, Banglora, Local Selections
3. Sapota Cricket ball, PKM-192, Kali patti,
4. Pineapple Queen, Gaint kew
5. Guava Red fleshed, Arka Mridula, Allahabad Safeda, Atom bomb, Kegi guava
6. Orange Coorg, Kino, Nagpur, Sangtra
7. Musambi Sathugudi
8. Lime Kagzi, Pati
9. Aonla Seedlng Banarasi

Flower
1. Orchids Dendrobium sp., Bulbophyllum sp.
2. Gerbera Versace(pink)
3. Tuberose(Double
& Single) Single & Double, Calcutta Local
4. Anthurium Agnihothri, Honey (all Colours)
5. Marigold Pusa Naragni, Pusa Basanti
6. Orchid for essence Vanilla planifolia
CROP VARIETIES RELEASED BY KERALA AGRI. UNIVERSITY:-

The University has released the following improved varieties in rice, coconut,
vegetables, pepper, cashew, sesame, sugarcane, tuber crops, cowpea, cocoa and other
crops.
Sl.No Name of Variety Year Pedigree / Salient Features
Rice
1 Ptb 39-Jyothi 1974 Ptb-10 x IR-8 (HS)
2 Ptb 40-Sabari 1974 IR8/2 x Annapoorna (HS)
3 Ptb 41-Bharathy 1974 Ptb 10 x IR-8 (HS)
4 Ptb 42- Suvarnamodan 1976 ARC-11775 (S )
5 Ptb 43- Swarnaprabha 1985 Bhavani x Triveni (HS)
6 Ptb 44-Reshmi 1985 Oorpandy (Mutation)
7 Ptb 45-Matta Triveni 1990 Reselection from Triveni
8 Ptb 46-Jayathi 1990 IR 2061 x Triveni (HS)
9 Ptb 47-Neeraja 1990 IR 20 x IR 5 (HS)
10 Ptb 48-Nila 1992 (Triveni x Vellathil Kolappala) x Co-25
11 Ptb 49-Kairali 1993 IR 36 x Jyothi (HS)
12 Ptb 50-Kanchana 1993 IR 36 x Pavizham (HS)
13 Ptb 51-Aathira 1993 BR 51-46-1 x Cul 23332-2 (HS)
14 Ptb 52-Aiswarya 1993 Jyothi x BR-51-46-1
15 Ptb 53-Mangala Mashuri 1998 Reselection from Mashuri
16 Ptb 54-Karuna 1998 CO.25 X H4 (HS)
17 MO 4-Bhadra 1978 IR 8 x Ptb 20 (HS)
18 MO 5-Asha 1981 IR 11 x Kochuvithu (HS)
19 MO 6-Pavizham 1985 IR 8 x Karivenal (HS
20 MO 7-Karthika 1987 Triveni x IR 15399 (HS)
21 MO 8-Aruna 1990 Jaya x Ptb 33 (HS)
22 MO 9-Makom 1990 ARC 6650 x Jaya (HS)
23 MO 10-Remya 1990 Jaya x Ptb 33 (HS)
24 MO 11-Kanakam 1990 IR 1561 x Ptb 33 (HS)
25 MO 12-Ranjini 1996 MO 5 x Improved Sona (Pedigree selection)
26 MO 13-Pavithra 1998 Surekha X MO5 (Pedigree selection)
27 MO 14-Panchami 1998 Pothana X MO5 (Pedigree selection)
28 MO 15-Remanika 1998 Mutant of Mo1
29 MO 16-Uma 1998 MO6 X Pokkali (Pedigree selection)
30 MO17-Revathy 1998 Cul. 1281 X MO6 (Pedigree selection)
31 MO18-Karishma 1998 Mo1 X MO6 (Pedigree selection)
32 MO19-Krishnanjana 1998 MO1 X MO6 (Pedigree selection)
33 Kym 1-Lakshmi 1981 Kottarakkara 1 x Poduvi (HS)
34 Kym 2-Bhagya 1985 Tadukkan x Jaya (HS)
35 Kym 3-Onam 1985 (Kochuvithu x TNI) x Triveni
36 Kym 4-Dhanya 1992 Jaya x Ptb 4 ( HS)
37 Kym 5-Sagara 1993 Oorumundakan local (MS)
38 Vyttila 3 1987 Vyttila 1 X TN-1(HS)
39 Vyttila 4 1993 Chettivirippu x IR 4630-22-2-17(HS)
40 Vyttila 5 1996 Mashuri (Mutation)
41 ACV-I-Arathy 1993 Jaya x Ptb 33 (HS)
42 Hraswa 1993 IR-8 x T-140 (HS)
43 Deepthi(WND-3) 1998 Edavaka(PS)
44 Makaram(KTR 1) 1998 Cheradi local (MS)
45 Kumbham 1998 Cheradi local (MS)
46 Ahalya 1998 (Ptb 10 x TN I ) x TN I
47 Harsha 2001
48 Manupriya 2006 (PK3355-5-1-4) x Bhadra
A high yielding, photo insensitive, short duration (100-105 days), non-lodging, red
kernelled hybrid derivative suitable for kole lands.
49 Anashwara 2006 Mutant of PTB 20.
A photoperiod sensitive semi-tall rice variety suitable for Rabi.
50 VTL-7 2006 Hybrid between IR8 x Patnai 23.
High yielding, non-lodging, semi-tall variety having tolerance to salinity, acidity and
flood. Suitable for pokkali area.
Coconut
1 Lakshaganga 1989 LO x GB (H)
2 Keraganga 1989 WCT x GB (H)
3 Anandaganga 1989 AO x GB (H)
4 Kerasree 1992 WCT x MYD (H)
5 Kerasowbhagya 1993 WCT x Strait Settlement Apricot (H)
6 Kerasagara 2006 Selection from Seychelles (SE Asia).
Tall palms, flower in 8 years, light green nuts, mean yield 99nuts/palm/year.
Vegetables

Bittergourd
1 Priya 1976 Kannur local (S)
2 Priyanka 1996 Local Selection
3 Preethi 1996 MC 84 selection
Snakegourd
1 Kaumudi 1996 Local selection
Ash Gourd
1 KAU Local 2001 BH 21
2 Indu 2001 AG 1
Ridge Gourd
1 Haritha 2001
Pumpkin
1 Ambili 1988 CM 14 (S)
2 Suvarna(CM 349) 1998 CM349 (SPS)
Bhindi
1 Kiran 1990 Kilichundan local (S)
2 Salkeerthi 1998 Reselection from NBPGR NO.144
3 Aruna 1998 NBPGR No. 1343(SPS)
Amaranthus
1 Arun 1992 Palapoor local (MS)
2 Renusree 2006 Green amaranth evolved through selection. High yielding variety (15.5
t/ha) having green leaves and purple stem with low anti-nutritional factors.
3 Krishnasree 2006 Red amaranth evolved through selection. High yielding (14.8t/ha)
with high nutritive value and low anti-nutritional factors.
Winged bean
1 Revathy 1996 SLS-47 (MS)
Vegetable Cowpea
1 KMV-1 1996 Manjeri Red Plain
2 Malika 1992 Single plant selection from Thiruvananthapuram
3 Sharika 1993 Valiyavila local (SPS)
4 Kairali 2001
5 Bhagyalakshmi 2001
6 Lola 2001
7 Vyjayanthi(VS 21-1) 1998 Perumpadavam local(PS)
5 Vellayani Jyothika 2006 Selection from Sreekaryam local.
High yielding(19.33t/ha) with long light green pods.
Chilli
1 Jwalamukhi 1990 Vellanochi x Pusa Jwala (HS)
2 Jwalasakhi 1990 Vellanochi x Pusa Jwala (HS)
3 Ujwala 1996 CA 219-1-19-6 (SPS)
4 Vellayani Athulya 2006 Selection from local collection.
High yielding (650.33g/plant),early maturing, shade tolerant, green chilli variety with
light green, medium pungent fruits having excellent quality.
Tomato
1 Sakthi 1993 LE 79 (S)
2 Mukthi(LE 79-5) 1998 LE 79(CL32D-0--1-19GS)(PS)
3 Vellayani Vijai 2006 Introduction and selection from CLN1621F (AVRDC, Taiwan).
High yielding (1.34kg/plant), compact, early maturing variety having bacterial wilt
resistance and high temperature tolerance.
Brinjal
1 Surya 1990 SM6-7 (SPS)
2 Swetha 1996 SM6-6 (SPS
3 Haritha 1998 SM-141(SPS)
4 Neelima 1998
Oriental pickling melon
1 Soubhaghya(CM-8) 1998 Valakkavu local(PS)
2 Mudicode 2001 CS 26 Local collection from Mudicode
3 Arunima 2001
Okra
1 Anjitha 2006 Inter specific hybridization followed by mutation breeding and selection.
High yielding (14.6t/ha), early maturing, YVM resistant variety.
2 Manjima 2006 Hybrid(Gowreesapattom local x NBPGR/TCR-874).
High yielding(16t/ha), early maturing, YVM resistant variety.
Hyacinth bean/Dolichos bean
1 Hima 2006 Selection from local collection.
High yielding (13.34kg/plant), hardy, medium maturing, pole type with white flowers,
light green broad and straight pods and coffee brown seeds.
2 Grace 2006 Selection from local collection.
High yielding (13.6kg/plant), hardy, early maturing, pole type with purple stem, lilac
flowers and slightly curved greenish purple pods and black seeds.
Cashew
1 Anakkayam-1 1987 Bapatla Collection - Tree 139-1 (S)
2 Madakkathara-1 1987 Bapatla Collection - Tree-39-4 (S)
3 Madakkathara-2 1990 NDR-2-1 (S)
4 Kanaka 1993 Anakkayam 1 x H-3-13 (H)
5 Dhana 1993 LGD 1-1 x K 30-1 (H)
6 Dharasree 1996 Tree No. 30 x BRZ-18 (H)
7 Sulabha 1996 T 28 of RCRS Kottarakkara (Intr.&Select.)
8 Mrudula 1996 PTR-1-1 (S)
9 Priyanka 1996 BLA 139-1 x K 30-1 (H)
10 Anagha 1998 Tree 20 X K-30-1(HS)
11 Amrutha 1998 BLA-139-1(F) X K-30-1(M) (H)
12 Akshayai 1998 H-4-7(F) X K-30-1(M) (HS)
13 Poornima 2006 BLA 139-1 x K-30-1
A high yielding (14.08kgnuts/tree/year), compact, intensively branching, mid season,
cashew hybrid with export grade nuts, high shelling percentage and kernal weight.

PEPPER
1 Panniyur-2 1990 Balancotta (Selection from open pollinated progeny)
2 Panniyur-3 1990 Uthirankotta x Cheriyakaniyakadan (H)
3 Panniyur-4 1990 Kuthiravaly (Selection)
4 Panniyur-5 1996 Perumkodi (Selection from open pollinated progeny)
5 Panniyur-6 2001
6 Panniyur-7 2001
Cardamom
1 PV-1 1987 Walayar local (CS)
Cinnamon
1 Sugandhini 2001
Turmeric
1 Kanthi 1996 Mydukur (SPS)
2 Sobha 1996 Methala local (SPS)
Aromatic & Medicinal Plants
1 Lemongrass- OD-19 1988
2 Thippali-Viswam 1996 KAU-LPI (SPS)
Chethi-koduveli
1 Mridhula 2006 Clonal selection.
High root yield (2.94t/ha-dry) and low plumbagin content (0.22%). Can be used without
curing in the preparation of indegenous medicines.
2 Agni 2006 Clonal selection.
High root yield (2.65t/ha-dry) and high plumbagin content (0.80%)..Suitable for the
extraction of plumbagin.
Atalodakam
1 Ajagandhi 2006 Clonal selection.
Medium tall plants with long and broad leaves and high vasicine content (2.46%).
Average whole plant yield (dry)-12.37t/ha. Preferred for leaf crop.
2 Vasika 2006 Clonal selection.
Medium tall plants with narrow leaves and high proportion of roots & vasicine content
(2.55%). Average whole plant yield (dry)-11.25t/ha. Preferred for root crop.
Adapathyan
1 Jeeva 2006 Clonal selection.
Purple cordate plant type with long internodes, high yield of thick, sweet roots (1.50t/ha
dry root) with high soluble sugar content (8.33%).
Mushroom
1 Oyster mushroom -Ananthan 1996 Natural flora
Sugarcane
1 Madhuri 1990 CO 740 X CO 775 (H)
2 Thirumadhiram 1992 CO 740 x CO 6806 (H)
3 Madhurima 1996 CO 740 x CO 7318 (H)
4 Madhumathi 1998 CO 63 X CO 740(HS)
Sesame
1 Kayamkulam-1 1972
2 Thilothama 1987 PT-58-35 x KI (HS)
3 ACV-1-Soma 1985 Punjab type (PS)
4 ACV-2-Surya 1985 West Bengal type (PS)
5 ACV-3-Thilak 1993 Muthukulam local (PS)
6 Thilathara 1998 CST 785 X B 14(HS)
Cowpea
1 Ptb 1-Kanakamony 1977 Kunnamkulam local (PS)
2 Ptb 2-Krishnamani 1991 Kanakamony X Kozhingipayar (HS)
3 KYM-1-Pournami 1993 KYM-1 (S)
4 Shubhra 2001
Blackgram
1 KYM-I -Syama 1993 Introduction from Tamil Nadu
2 Sumanjana 2001
Ground nut
1 Sneha 1998 IES 883 X JL 24 ( Combination breeding)
2 Snighda 1998 Dh(E)32 X JL 24 ( Combination breeding)
Banana
1 BRS-1 1998 Agniswar X Pisanglilin (H)
2 BRS-2 1998 Vannan x Pisanglilin (H)
Cocoa
1 CCRP-1 1998 Local population(SPS)
2 CCRP-4 1998 Local population(SPS)
3 CCRP-5 1998 Selection from germplasm IV
4 CCRP-6 1998 Selection from germplasm VI
5 CCRP-7 1998 Selection from germplasm VI
6 CCRP-2 2001
7 CCRP-3 2001
Fodder Crops
Guinea grass
1 Haritha 1990
2 Marathakam 1993 FR-600(Mutation)
3 Harithasree 2006 Selection from JHGG-96-3
High fodder yield (66.1t/ha/year) with better quality. Dark green leaves and high
tillering.
Bajra Napier hybrid
Suguna 2006 Composite 9 x FD 431
High fodder yield (283.7t/ha/year) with better quality.Palegreen leaf sheath with
purplish pigmentation
Supriya 2006 TNSC 4 x FD 471
High fodder yield (272.7t/ha/year) coupled with better quality. Pale green leaves with
small hairs on both sides.
Tuber Crops
Chinese Potato
1. Nidhi 2001 Clonal selection from NBPGR accession CP 79
Sweet potato
1 ACV-1-Kanjangad 1992 Kanjanghad local (CS)
Cassava
1 Nidhi 1996 Koombuvella (CS)
2 KMC-1-Kalpaka 1996 Ramanthala(CS)
Greater yam
1 Indu ( KM-DA 1) 1998 TCR-5(IC-44209) (CS)
Coleus
1 Suphala 2006 A tissue culture mutant derived from local cultivar. A high yielding
(15.93t/ha) year round cultivable variety with a duration of 120-140days.
Orchids
1 Deep blush 2006 Hybrid between D.Nagoya Pink x D.[Candy Stripe x Tomie Drake].
Long arching inflorescence with 9-10 flowers. Flowers are large, magenta coloured,
double shaded and striped with full appearance.
2 Lemon Glow 2006 Hybrid between D.Chiangmai Pink x D. [Candy Stripe x Tomie
Drake].
Long, arching inflorescence with 10-12 flowers. Flowers are medium large, flat,
squarish in appearance, thick, glossy, light pink towards the outer side and greenish
white towards the centre.
3 Master Delight 2006 Hybrid between D.Sonia -17 x D.[Candy Stripe x Tomie Drake].
Long, arching inflorescence with10-12 flowers. Flowers are very thick, glossy and flat
with pointed petals and sepals giving a stellar appearance. Flower colour is dark purple
with very faint stripes and sepal tips are white.
4 Pink Cascade 2006 Hybrid between D. Nagoya Pink x D. [Candy Stripe x Tomie Drake].
Long, arching inflorescence with 8-10 flowers. Flowers are very thick, glossy, large, light
pink with prominent dark pink stripes throughout.
5 Velvet Soft 2006 Hybrid between D. Rungnapa x D. [Candy Stripe x Tomie Drake].
Long, arching inflorescence with 10-12 flowers. Flowers are very thick, glossy, large,
deep purplish magenta in colour and striped with white operculum and full appearance.
H - Hybrid; HS - Hybridisation and selection; SPS - Single plant selection; MS - Mass
selection; PS - Pureline selection; CS - Clonal selection

Average nutrient content of common manures and fertilizers:-

Material Nutrient content (%)
N P2O5 K2O
Ammonium sulphate 20.5 - -
Ammonium sulphate nitrate 26.0 - -
Ammonium nitrate 33.5 - -
Ammonium phosphate 20.0 20.0 -
Calcium ammonium nitrate 20.5 / 25.0 - -
Nitrate of soda 16.5 - -
Urea 46.0 - -
Superphosphate (single) - 18.0 -
Superphosphate (double) - 35.0 -
Superphosphate (triple) - 46.0 -
Mussooriephos - 18-20 -
Rajphos - 18-20 -
Muriate of potash - - 50 / 60
Bone meal 3.5 21.0 -
Fish meal 4.1 3.9 0.3-1.5
Poultry manure 1.2-1.5 1.4 -1.8 0.8-0.9
Sheep manure 0.8-1.6 0.3-0.4 0.3-0.4
FYM 1.0 0.5 1.0
Compost 0.5 0.4 0.8
Groundnut cake 7.0 1.5 1.5
Castor cake 4.3 2.0 1.3
Neem cake 5.0 1.0 1.5
Gingelly cake 6.2 2.0 1.2
Coconut cake 3.0 1.9 1.8
Note: Composition of organic manures vary widely

Neutralizing value of liming materials:-

Liming material Chemical formula Neutralizing value
Calcium carbonate (powdered lime stone) CaCO3 100
Burnt lime (quick lime) CaO 179
Slaked lime Ca(OH)2 136
Dolomite
CaMg(CO3)2 109

Preparation of some safer insecticidal materials for common use:-

Kerosene emulsion
This is a contact insecticide useful against many sucking insects. For preparing this,
slice 500 g of ordinary bar soap and dissolve in 4.5 litres of water by boiling. Cool and
add 9 litres of kerosene under violent agitation till the oil is fully emulsified. The stock
solution may be diluted with 15-20 times of water before spraying.

Tobacco decoction
This is very effective for controlling aphids and other soft-bodied insects infesting
vegetable crops. Tobacco decoction can be prepared by steeping 500 g of tobacco
waste in 4.5 litres of water for 24 hours. Dissolve 120 g of ordinary bar soap separately
in another vessel. The soap solution is added to tobacco decoction under violent
agitation. Dilute this stock solution 6-7 times before spraying.

Neem kernel suspension (NKS)

This is very effective as a repellent/deterrent against locusts, grasshoppers and other
chewing insects particularly lepidopterans. The kernel should be ground into a coarse
powder. The effective concentration of NKS ranges from 0.1 to 0.3%. For obtaining 0.1%
concentration, 1g of powered neem seed is required per litre of water. The required
quantity of the coarse powder should be put in a small muslin cloth bag and dipped in
water for about 12 hours. Thereafter, squeeze the cloth bag repeatedly so that the out-
flowing fluid turns light brownish. The NKS is now ready to be sprayed as such on
crops.

Neem oil + garlic emulsion (2%)

To prepare 10 litres of 2% neem oil + garlic emulsion, 200 ml neem oil, 200 g garlic and
50 g ordinary bar soap are required. Slice the bar soap and dissolve in 500 ml lukewarm
water. Grind 200 g of garlic and take the extract in 300 ml water. Pour the 500 ml soap
solution in 200 ml neem oil slowly and stir vigorously to get a good emulsion. Mix the
garlic extract in the neem oil + soap emulsion. Dilute this one litre stock solution by
adding 9 litres of water to get 10 litres of 2% neem oil + garlic emulsion.

Preparation of common fungicides:-

Bordeaux mixture (1%)

Dissolve 1 kg of powdered copper sulphate crystals in 50 litres of water. In another 50
litres of water, prepare milk of lime with 1 kg of quick lime. Pour the copper sulphate
solution into the milk of lime slowly stirring the mixture all the while. Test the mixture
before use for the presence of free copper, which is harmful to the plants, by dipping a
polished knife in it. If the blade shows a reddish colour due to the deposits of copper,
add more lime till the blade is not stained on dipping. Always use wooden, earthen or
copper vessels for the preparation of Bordeaux mixture.

In order to confer sticking qualities to Bordeaux mixture, rosin washing soda mixture,
may be added. The addition of the sticker is particularly recommended for sprayings
conducted during rainy season. For preparing the mixture, 10 litres of water out of 100
litres required for preparing Bordeaux mixture may be kept apart. Boil 10 litres of water,
preferably in an earthen pot and add 500 g of good quality washing soda (sodium
carbonate). Boil again until the solution becomes slightly dark in colour. Add 1 kg of
powdered rosin (arpoos) in the boiling washing soda solution. Reduce the flame for
avoiding frothing, foaming and spilling over. Boil the solution for 5-10 minutes till black
bubbles appear. Cool the solution until the temperature reaches below 45ºC. The
cooled mixture (10 litres) is then added slowly to the prepared Bordeaux mixture (90
litres) under vigorous stirring.
Bordeaux paste
Dissolve 100 g of copper sulphate and 100 g of quick lime each in 500 ml of water
separately. Mix together to make one litre of the paste.

Cheshunt compound
Weigh 60 g copper sulphate and 330 g of ammonium carbonate. These two are well
powdered and thoroughly mixed. The dry mixture is stored in an airtight glass container
for 24 hours before use. About 25 g of this mixture is dissolved in a little hot water and
solution is made up to 8 litres with cold water and used for soil drenching.

PESTICIDE GUIDE
The pesticides may be applied according to the severity of infection in a need-based
manner. Whenever the government bans a chemical, recommendation for its use
automatically stands cancelled. Aluminium phosphide, DDT, lindane, methyl bromide,
methyl parathion, sodium cyanide and methoxy ethyl mercury chloride (MEMC) are
pesticides restricted for use in India. Methyl parathion (2% DP and 50% EC) is banned
on fruits and vegetables. Use of carbofuran 50% WP is banned. Use of phosphamidon
85% SL formulation is banned; but 40% SL formulations is in use.

Generic name Formulation Required concentration of ai in spray fluid ai/ha or actual

quantity of formulation required per ha for rice (R) or for other crops (OC) Remark
12345
A. INSECTICIDES
Organic sulphurous acid ester
Endosulfan Thiodan 35% EC/AF 0.05% Broad-spectrum action. Relatively safer to
beneficial insects and pollinators

Starsulfan 35% EC/AF

Hildan 35% EC/AF
Haxasulfan 35% EC/AF
Endocel 35% EC/AF
Parrysulfan 35% EC/AF
Corosulfan 35% EC/AF
Thiokill 35% EC/AF
Hexasulfan 4% DP 2 kg ai/ha (OC) For controlling pests infesting vegetables
Parrysulfan 4% DP
Thiotox 4% DP
Carbamates
Carbaryl Sevin 5% DP 2.0 kg ai/ha (R, OC) Broad-spectrum insecticidal action. Effective
against a wide range of pests. Not recommended for control of mites. Should not be
sprayed in crops at flowering
Sevin 10% DP
Carvint 10% DP
Hexavin 5% DP
Hexavin 10% DP
Sevin 50% WP 2.5 kg. (R, OC)
Killex Carbaryl 50% WP 0.15-0.20% 2.5 kg (R, OC)
Killex Carbaryl 85% WP 0.15-0.20% 2.0 kg
Carvint 85% WP -
Carbaryl + Lindane granules Sevidol 8% - 1.5% kg ai/ha (R) For broad spectrum pest
control in rice
Carbofuran Furadan 3 G - 0.5 to 0.75 kg ai/ha (R) For pest control in rice
Hexafuran 3 G -
Organophosphorus compounds
Methyl parathion Metacid 50% EC/AF 0.05% 500 ml (R) Rapid knock down action.Not
to be used against pests supporting a wide spectrum of natural enemies. Avoid use of
sub-optimal quantities. Restricted to crops where honey bees are not pollinators.
Metacid 2% DP 0.5 kg ai/ha (OC)
Parament M 50% EC/AF 0.05% 500 ml (R)
Parataf 2% DP
Ekatox 2% DP 0.5 kg ai/ha (OC)
Parataf 50% EC/AF 0.05% 500 ml (R)
Fenitrothion Folithion 50% EC/AF 0.05% 1000 ml (R) Contact and stomach action -
toxicity broad spectrum
Sumithion 50% EC/AF 1000 ml
Sumithion 5% DP 2 kg ai/ha (R)
Accothion 50% EC/AF 1000 ml (R)
Mercaptothion Malathion 25% WP 0.10 % 1000 ml (R) Safe insecticide for controlling
pests of vegetables and storage pests
Malathion 50% EC/AF
Malamar 50% EC/AF
Cythion 50% EC/AF
Star Mal 50% EC/AF
Cythion 5% DP 0.5 kg ai/ha (OC) For control of pests of vegetables
Malatox 50% EC
DDVP Vapona 76% EC/AF 0.05% 500 ml of 100% EC (R, OC) or equivalent Contact and
fumigant; less residual; toxicity lasts for only 24 hours; safer to be applied on
vegetables.
Divap 100% EC/AF
Nuvan 100% EC/AF
Marvex Super 100 % EC/AF
Quinalphos Ekalux 25% EC/AF 0.025 % to 0.05% 1000 ml (R) Broad spectrum toxicity;
particularly effective against mealy bugs and scale insects
Kinalux 25% EC/AF
Quinalphos 25% EC/AF
Quinalphos 5% G 1.5 kg ai/ha For rice pests control
Quinalphos 1.5% DP 25 kg For control of cardamom thrips.
Phosalone Zolone 35% EC/AF 0.07% 1000 ml (R) Broad spectrum insecticide cum
acaricide
Fenthion Lebaycid 50 % EC/AF 0.05 % 1000 ml (R) For effective control of rice stem
borer and other pests of rice
Dimethoate Rogor 30% EC 0.03 % to 0.05% 1000 ml (R) Systemic insecticide cum
nematicide
Tara 909 30% EC/AF
Killex-Dimethoate 30 % EC/AF
Corothioate 30% EC/AF
Nugor 30% EC/AF
Hilthoate 30% EC/AF
Methyl demeton Metasystox 25% EC/AF 0.05% 1000 ml (OC) Strongly systemic;
effective against sucking insects.
Formothion Anthio 25% EC/AF 0.05% 1000 ml (R, OC) Systematic insecticide cum
acaricide.
Monocrotophos Nuvacron 40% EC/AF 0.05% 600 ml of 40 % EC (R, OC) Systemic,
persistent; long residual action; has ovicidal action.
Monocil 40% EC/AF
Corphos 36% EC/AF
Monophos 40% EC/AF
JK Mono 36%
Kadett 36%
Phoskill 36%
Hillcron 36%
Phosphamidon Only 40% SL is in use 0.05%Systemic with weak contact toxicity;
insecticide cum acaricide.
Phorate Timet 10% G 1.5 kg ai/ha Systemic granular insecticide cum nematicide; for
pest control in rice and banana
Phorate 10% G
JK Phorate 10% G
Umet 10% G
Trichlorfon Dipterex 50% EC/AF 0.1% 800 ml Useful only against chewing insects;
contact action feeble.
Thiometon Ekatin 25% EC/AF 0.10% (OC) Systematic; effective against sap sucking
insects.
Chlorpyrifos Dursban 20% EC/AF 0.02 (R, OC) Effective against stem borers and gallfly.
Useful for root dipping.
Phenthoate Phendal 50% EC/AF 0.08% (R) 750 ml for rice leaf fodder and thrips Broad
spectrum with ovicidal and larvicidal action
Elsan 50% EC/AF
Phendal 2% DP 0.5 kg ai/ha
Triazophos Hostathion 40% EC/AF 0.25 kg ai/ha 625 ml Effective against rice leaf
folder.
Acephate Asataf 75 SP
Starthene 75 SP 600 g ai/ha 800 g Effective against rice leaf folders.
Chloronicotinyl
Imidacloprid Confidor 200 SL 0.006 150 ml/ha Effective against brown plant hopper
B. FUNGICIDES
Generic names Formulations Required concentration in spray formulation required per
ha for rice (R) or other crops (OC) Remarks
1234
Copper based products
Copper oxychloride Blitox 50 W 0.3-0.4 % ( R, OC) For foliar spray
Blue Copper 50 W
Cupramar 50 W
Esso Fungicide Copper
Fungimar Copper 50 W
Fytolan 50 W
Starcop 50 W
Killex Copper Fungicide 50 W
Sulphur based products
Sulphur Cosan 0.2-0.5 % (OC) For foliar spray against powdery mildew. Also effective
against mites.
Esso Wettable Sulphur
Thiovit 80 WP
Microsul 80% W
Carbamates and others
Ziram (zinc dimethyl dithio carbamate) Cuman-Z 27% 0.2-0.4% (R, OC) Residual acting
protective fungicide for foliar application
JK Ziram
Zineb (zincethylene bisdithio-carbamate) Dithane Z-78 0.2-0.4 % (R, OC)
Sandoz Zineb
Zineb 75
Hexathane 75 W
Thiram (tetramethyl thiuram disulphide) Thiride 75 WP 0.2-0.3 % (OC) For foliar spray,
soil and seed treatment
Hexathir 75 W
JK Thiram 75 W
Mancozeb (zinc ions and manganese ethylene bisdithiocarbamate) Dithame M-45 0.2-
0.4 (R,OC) Foliar fungicide
Indofil M-45
Manzeb 75% WP
Hilthane M-45
Uthane M-45
Organophosphorus compounds
Ediphenphos Hinosan 50% EC 0.1% of the formulated products (R) For control of blast
and sheath blight, high volume spray recommended.
H-Phos 50% EC
Chlorinated nitrobenzene
Dinocap Karathane 25% WP
Karathane 48% EC 0.05% spray of 48 EC or 300 g/ha of 25 WP For foliar spray for
powdery mildew control of cucurbits and rose
Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
Captan Captan 75% WP 0.1% (OC) For seed treatment at 1.5 g per kg seed
Hexacap 75% WP
Systemic fungicides
Carbendazim Bavistin 50%WP 500 g/ha (R, OC) Effective against powdery mildew
diseases in ornamental plants; and blast, sheath blight and sheath o r t of rice.
B-Stin
Bengard 50%WP
JK Stein 50% WP
Zoom 50% WP
Benomyl Benlate 50% WP 1-2 g/litre (R) Foliar fungicide for blast control in rice.
Caboxin Vitavax 80% WP 500 g of the formulated product / ha (R) For seed treatment
and for foliar application
Vitavax 75%
Kitazin Kitazin-P 48 EC 1 ml/litre (500 ml/ha) (R) For foliar spray against rice blast
Pyroquilon Fongorene 50 WP 2 g/kg seed For seed treatment
Tricyclazole Beam 75 WP 2 g/kg seed For seed treatment
Hexaconazole Contaf 5 EC 750 ml/ha For foliar spray against sheath blight
Propeconazole Tilt 25 EC 0.5 to 0.75 ml For foliar spray against sheath blight
Potassium phosphonate Akomin 40% 0.3 % Effective against Phytophthora foot rot of
pepper
Tridemorph Calixin 80% EC Coconut stem bleeding
Antibiotics
Antifungal materials Aureofungin sol 50 g/ha (R) For foliar spray
Antibacterial material Agrimycin-100 750 g in 500 l water (R, OC) For foliar spray
Plantomycin
Paushamycin
Streptocycline 15 g in 300 l water (R, OC)
Validacin 3 L Validamycin A 3% 2 m/l Control of sheath blight
C. HERBICIDES
Common names Commercial formulations and concentration Recommen-ded dose,
kg ai/ha Product per ha Crops recommended Hints on time and method of application
a. Selective herbicides
2,4-D sodium salt Fernoxone 80% WSP 0.8-1.0 1.0-1.2 kg Rice - for control of broad
leaved weeds and sedges Apply at 20-25 DAS / DAT
2,4-D amine Agrodar 96-58% WSL 0.8-1.0 1.4-1.71 Do Do
2,4-D ethyl ester Agrodon 34-48% EC 0.8-1.0 2.4-2.91 Do Mix with 40 kg slightly moist
soil and broadcast evenly at 4-5 DAT keeping 5 cm water in the soil.
Thiobencarb Saturn 50% EC 2 4.01 Rice – dry sown and transplanted Pre-emergent
spray at 0-6 DAS or at 6 DAT
Pendimethalin Stomp 30% EC 1.50 4.51 Rice - dry sown and vegetables Pre-emergence
spray at 0-6 DAS
Butachlor Machete 50% EC
Butachlor 50% EC 1.25 2.51 Rice - dry sown 0-6 DAS
Rice - wet sown 6-9 DAS
Rice - transplanted 6-9 DAT
Machete 5% G Rice - wet sown and transplanted Broadcast evenly on soil surface at 7
DAS or at 4-8 DAT
Oxyfluorfen Goal 23.5% EC 0.15 0.641 Rice – dry sown

Banana 0-3 DAS

Pre-emergent spray
Pretilachlor Refit 50% EC 0.75 1.51 Rice – dry sown 0-6 DAS
Pretilachlor +
safener Sofit 30% EC 0.45 1.51 Rice - wet sown 3-5 DAS
Cyhalofop butyl Clincher 10% EC 0.08 800 ml Rice - for control of Echinochloa sp. Spray
18-20 DAS
Anilofos Arozin 30% EC Aniloguard 30% EC 0.40 1.31 Rice – transplanted 6 DAT
Diuron Klass 80% WP 1.50 -3.00 1.9 -3.8 kg Banana
Pineapple Pre-emergence spray or directed spray when tank-mix with paraquat
Atrazine Atrazine 50% WP 2.00 4.0 kg Sugarcane Pre-emergence spray at 3 DAP
b. Non–selective herbicides
Paraquat Gramoxone 20% EC 0.4-0.8 2.0-4.01 Rice - land preparation

Plantation crops, pineapple and banana For clearing weeds before land preparation.
Directed application in inter-row areas.
Glyphosate Roundup 41%SL
Glycel 41% SL Weed All 41%SL 0.8 2.01 Do Do

DAS = Days after sowing; DAT = Days after transplanting; SP = Soluble powder; DP =
Dustable powder; G = Granules;
EC = Emulsifiable concentrate; AF = Aqua flowable; W= Wettable; WP = Wettable
powder; S = Soluble concentrate;
SL = Soluble liquid; WSP = Water soluble powder; WSL = Water soluble liquid
MAJOR CROPS OF KERALA-SOME STATISTICAL INFORMATION :-

Major Crops (2001-02) Area ('000 ha) Production ('000 tonnes)

Rice 322.37 703.54
Tapioca 119.19 2455.88
Banana & Other Plantain 106.05 769.08
Coconut (Million nuts) 905.78 5479
Arecanut 93.20 84.68
Pepper 203.96 58.24
Rubber 475.04 580.35
Ginger 10.71 40.18
Cardamom 41.34 8.38
Tea 36.89 66.09
Coffee 84.79 66.69

CALCULATION OF INSECTICIDAL FORMULATIONS:-

Quantity of commercial formulation=Qty of Spray fluid×Concentration of Spray fluid/
Concentration of Commercial formulation
Eg.Calculate the quantity of Ekalux 25%EC required to spray Rice cultivated in an area
of 2 hectare at a concentration of 0.025%?(For spraying 1 hectare of Rice using high
volume sprayers , 500 Litres of spray fluid is required)
Ans.
ie; For 2 hectares of Rice , we require 2×500=1000 Litres
Concentration of spray fluid= 0.025%
Concentration of Commercial formulation= 25%
Quantity of Commercial formulation=1000×0.025 = 1 Litre
25
In the case of granular insecticide , where the rate of application of active ingredient is
specified , the quantity of Commercial formulation is calculated using the formula:-
Qty of Commercial Formulation=Rate of application in kgai/ha×Area in hectare×100
Concentration of Commercial Formulation
Eg.Calculate the quantity of Thimet 10% G required for 1 hectare of Rice when applied
at the rate of 1.25 kg ai/ha ?
Ans. Quantity of Thimet 10%G required= 1.25 ×1×100 =12.5 kg
10
CALCULATION OF FUNGICIDES:-
Quantity of Commercial Formulation= Volume of Spray fluid×Recommended conc. Of
spray fluid in %
(For calculations , the active ingredient concentration of all commercial fungicides is
taken as 100%)

Eg.Calculate the quantity of Bavistin 50WP required to prepare 10 Litres of 0.3% spray
solution ?
Ans.Quantity of Bavistin required= 10 Litre× 1000×0.3 = 30 gram
100
HERBICIDE CALCULATION :-
Quantity of Herbicide required=Rate of application in kgai/ha × Area in hectare × 100
Strength of commercial product
Eg. Calculate the quantity of Fernoxone 80% WSP required to control broad leaved
weeds in 2 hectares of Rice at a recommended rate of 1 kg ai/ha ?
Ans. Rate of application= 1 kg ai/ha
Area in hectare= 2 hectare
Concentration of Commercial product= 80%
ie; Quantity of Commercial product required= 1×2 ×100 =2.5 kg
80

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SPACING RECOMMENDED FOR MAJOR CROPS OF KERALA
CROP RECOMMENDED SPACING
First crop medium duration Rice 20 cm × 15 cm
First crop short duration Rice 15 cm × 10 cm
Second crop medium duration Rice 20 cm × 10 cm
Second crop short duration Rice 15 cm × 10 cm
Third crop medium duration Rice 20 cm × 10 cm
Third crop medium duration Rice 15 cm × 10 cm
Black Gram 25 cm × 15 cm
CowPea( Grain type & Dual purpose) 20 cm × 15 cm( For dibbling )
CowPea( For Bush Vegetable type) 30 cm × 15 cm
CowPea( Semitrailing varieties ) 45 cm × 30 cm
CowPea( Trailing varieties ) 2 m × 2 m
Amorphophallus 90 cm × 90 cm
Colocasia 60 cm × 45 cm
Greater yam 1 m × 1 m
Lesser yam 75 cm × 75 cm
White yam 1 m × 75 cm
Sweet Potato 60 cm × 20 cm
Tapioca 90 cm × 90 cm
Tapioca(Non-branching M-4 variety) 75 cm × 75 cm
Cashew 7.5 m × 7.5 m
Coconut (Triangular system ) 7.6 m × 7.6 m
Coconut (Square system ) 9 m × 9 m
Groundnut 15 cm × 15 cm
Cardamom 2 m × 2 m
Cinnamon 2 m × 2 m
Clove 6 m × 6 m
Vanilla 1.8 m × 2.7 m
Ginger 20 cm × 20 cm
Nutmeg 8 m × 8 m
Pepper 2 m × 2 m
Turmeric 25 cm × 25 cm
Arecanut 2.7 m × 2.7 m
Cocoa 3 m × 3 m
Tea 1.2 m × 1.2 m
Tobacco 85 cm × 85 cm
Bhindi (Kharif crop) 60 cm × 45 cm
Bhindi (Summer crop) 60 cm × 30 cm
Bittergourd & Snakegourd 2 m × 2 m
Cucumber & Oriental Pickling Melon 2 m × 1.5 m
Water Melon 3 m × 2 m
Brinjal 60 cm × 60 cm
Chilli 45 cm × 45 cm
Tomato 60 cm × 60 cm
Banana (Nendran) 2 m × 2 m
Banana(Poovan/Chenkadali/Palayankodan/Monthan) 2.1 m × 2.1 m
Guava 6 m × 6 m
Jack 12 m × 12 m
Mango 9 m × 9 m
Papaya 2 m × 2 m
Pineapple 70 cm × 30 cm
Sapota 7 m × 7 m
Jasmine (Jasminum sambac) 1.2 m × 1.2 m

FERTILIZER RECOMMENDATION FOR MAJOR CROPS OF KERALA

CROP FERTILIZER(NPK) RECOMMENDATION
High yielding short duration wetland Rice 70:35:35 kg/hectare/year
High yielding medium duration wetland Rice 90:45:45 kg/hectare/year
High yielding short duration upland Rice 60:30:30 kg/hectare/year
Local wetland varieties of Rice 40:20:20 kg/hectare/year
Black Gram/Green Gram 20:30:30 kg/hectare/year
Cowpea 20:30:10 kg/hectare/year
Sweet Potato 75:50:75 kg/hectare/year
Tapioca( H-97 & H-226) 75:75:75 kg/hectare/year
Tapioca(H-165 , Sree Visakham & Sree Sahya) 100:100:100 kg/hectare/year
Tapioca( M-4 & Local varieties) 50:50:50 kg/hectare/year
Cashew 750:325:750 gram per plant
Rubber NPK mixture(10:10:10) @ 300 kg/ha OR 900 gram/tree
Coconut(Average Management) 0.34:0.17:0.68 kg/palm/annum
Coconut(Good Management) 0.50:0.32:1.20kg/palm/annum
Groundnut 10:75:75 kg/hectare/year
Cardamom 75:75:150 kg/hectare/year
Ginger 75:50:50 kg/hectare/year
Pepper 50:50:150 kg/hectare/year
Turmeric 30:30:60 kg/hectare/year
Arecanut 100:40:140 gram/palm/year
Amaranth 50:50:50 kg/hectare
Bhindi 25:08:25 kg/hectare
Bittergourd/Snakegourd 70:25:25 kg/hectare
Brinjal/Chilli/Tomato 75:40:25 kg/hectare
Banana(Nendran) 190:115:300 gram/plant/year
Mango 500:360:750 gram/plant/year
Pineapple 320:160:320 kg/hectare/year
Sapota 500:360:750 gram/tree/year
Guava 200:80:260 gram/tree/year
Jasmine 120:240:240 gram//year

PESTS & DISEASES OF MAJOR CROPS OF KERALA

CROP PESTS DISEASES
RICE Rice stem borer , Gall midge , Rice bug , Leaf folder , Brown Plant Hopper , Rice
case worm , Rice swarming caterpillar , Rice thrips , Whorl maggots , Leaf hoppers ,
Rice mealy bug , Rice root nematode , Rice cyst nematode Blast , Brown spot , Narrow
brown leaf spot , Sheath blight , Bacterial blight , Stackburn , LeafScald , Bacterial leaf
streak , Foot rot , Sheath rot , Tungro , Yellow dwarf , Grassy stunt , Ragged stunt , False
smut , Udbatta
Cowpea Black pea aphid , Pod borers Anthracnose , Root rot , Mosaic

Sweet Potato Sweet Potato Weevil

Tapioca Rodents , Red spider mites , Scale insects , Termites Cassava mosaic disease ,
Leaf spot , Bacterial blight
Cashew Tea mosquito bug , Stem borer Dieback or Pink disease

Rubber Scale insect , Mealy bug , Termite , Cockchafer grub , Mite , Snail ,Rat Abnormal
leaf fall , Powdery mildew , Pink disease , Corynespora leaf spot , Bark rot , Brown bast
Sugarcane Top shoot borer , Early shoot borer , Termite , White grub , Mealy bug , Rats
Red rot
Coconut Rhinoceros beetle , Red palm weevil , Leaf eating caterpillar , Cockchafer
beetle , Coried bug , Eriophyid mite , Mealy bug , Rodents Bud rot , Root wilt , Leaf rot ,
Stem bleeding , Grey blight , Tanjore wilt
Groundnut Red hairy caterpillar ,Termites , Leaf miners Tikka leaf spot
Cardamom Cardamom Thrips , Rhizome weevil , Shoot fly ,Shoot borer ,Leaf eating
caterpillars , Cardamom White fly , Cardamom root grubs , Cardamom Scale , Root Knot
Nematodes Katte mosaic , Azhukal , Rhizome rot , Chenthal disease , Leaf blotch
disease , Damping off , Leaf spot ,
Ginger Shoot borer , Nematodes , Scale insect Soft rot , Leaf spot ,Bacterial wilt , Thread
blight
Pepper Pollu beetle , Marginal leaf gall thrips , Scale insect , Mealy bug , Top shoot borer
, Burrowing nematode , Root knot nematode Foot rot , Fungal pollu (Anthracnose) ,
Phyllody
Arecanut Spindle bug , Inflorescence caterpillar , Root grub ,Mites Mahali(Koleroga)
,Bud rot , Anabe (Basal stem rot) , Yellow leaf disease , Band disease , Collar rot of
seedlings , Dieback of inflorescence , Stem bleeding , Sun scorch , Nut splitting
Cocoa Red borer , Myllocerus weevils , Mealy bugs Pod rot , Vascular Streak
Dieback(VSD), White thread blight
Coffee Coffee berry borer , White stem borer , Shot hole borer , Mealy bugs Leaf rust ,
Black rot , Dieback
Tea White grub , Root knot nematode , Borers , Root mealy bug , Thrips , Tea mosquito
bug Blister blight , Collar canker , Black root disease
Bhindi Fruit and shoot borer , Root knot nematode , Jassids Yellow vein mosaic disease
Bittergourd/Snakegourd Fruit fly , Epilachna beetle , Red pumpkin beetle Downy mildew
, Powdery mildew , Mosaic
Brinjal Fruit andshoot borer , Root knot nematode , Epilachna beetle Phomopsis fruit rot
, Bacterial wilt , Damping off
Chilli Chilli mite , Aphids Bacterial wilt , Damping off ,Leaf curl , Mosaic
Tomato Bacterial wilt , Mosaic
Banana Banana Rhizome weevil , Banana Pseudostem weevil , Banana Aphid , Spindle
leaf miner , Nematodes Bunchy top , Panama wilt , Sigatoka leaf spot , Kokkan disease ,
Infectious chlorosis
Mango Mango Hopper , Stem borer , Shoot midge , Fruit fly Powdery mildew ,
Anthracnose ,Dieback
Papaya Collar rot ,Damping off , Anthracnose
Pineapple Fruit rot Mealy bugs
Anthurium Scale insect , Snails Bacterial blight , Anthracnose
Orchids Thrips , Aphids , Soft scale , Mealy bug ,Spider mite , Snails and Slugs ,
Cockroaches Leaf spot , Leaf blight , Collar blotch , Collar wilt , Orchid wilt , Cymbidium
mosaic
Jasmine Bud & shoot borer , Blossom midge Fusarium wilt , Leaf blight , Rust
Rose Scale insect , Thrips , Aphids Black leaf spot , Powdery mildew , Mosaic , Botrytis
Amaranthus Leaf webber , Amaranthus weevil Leaf spot

FERTILIZER CALCULATION
AREA CONVERSION TABLE:-
1 HECTARE = 10,000 SQUARE METER
1 HECTARE = 250 CENT
1 ACRE = 4,000 SQUARE METER
1 ACRE = 100 CENT
1 HECTARE = 2.5 ACRE
1 CENT = 40 SQUARE METER

Eg.1. Calculate the quantity of Urea , Single Super Phosphate(SSP) & Muriate Of
Potash(MOP) required for Mango trees cultivated in an area of 1 hectare ? (NPK
recommendation for single tree is 1:2:3 kg/tree/year & spacing recommended is 10 m ×
10 m )
Ans.
Number of trees = Area/Spacing = 1 hectare/10 m ×10 m = 10000 sq. m/100 sq.m =
100 trees
Quantity of Urea for a tree = 100/46×1= 2.17 kg

Quantity of Urea for 100 tree =2.17 × 100 = 217 kg

Quantity of SSP for a tree = 100/18 × 2 = 11.11 kg

Quantity of SSP for 100 tree = 11.1 × 100 = 1111 kg

Quantity of MOP for a tree = 100/60 × 3 = 5 kg

Quantity of MOP for 100 tree = 5 × 100 = 500 kg

Eg.2.Calculate the quantity of Urea , SSP & MOP required for 1 Acre & 50 cents of field if
the NPK recommendation is 100:100:100 kg/ha ?
Ans.

Quantity of Urea for 1 ha = 100/46 × 100 = 217 kg

Quantity of Urea for 1 Acre = 217/2.5 = 86.8 kg

Quantity of Urea for 50 cents = 217/250 × 50 = 43 kg

Quantity of SSP for 1 ha = 100/18 × 100 = 555 kg

Quantity of SSP for 1 Acre = 555/2.5 = 222 kg

Quantity of SSP for 50 cents = 555/250 × 50 = 111 kg

Quantity of MOP for 1 ha = 100/60 × 100 = 166 kg

Quantity of MOP for 1 Acre = 166/2.5 = 66.4 kg

Quantity of MOP for 50 cents = 166/250 × 50 = 33.2 kg

TRADE NAMES OF IMPORTANT AGRO-CHEMICALS/BIOPESTICIDES

GENERIC NAME TRADE NAME
Carbaryl Sevin
Methyl parathion Metacid
Mercaptothion(Malathion) Cythion
DDVP Nuvan
Quinalphos Ekalux
Dimethoate Rogor
Monocrotophos Nuvacron
Phosphamidon Dimecron
Phorate Thimet
Chlorpyriphos Tagban
Acephate Asataf
Imidacloprid Confidor
Lamda cyhalothrin Karate
Azadirachtin Neen Azal
Copper oxy chloride Blitox
Ziram Cuman-L
Zineb Indofil Z-78
Thiram JK Thiram
Mancozeb Dithane M-45
Ediphenphos Hinosan
Dinocarp Karathane
Carbendazim Bavistin
Benomyl Benlate
Hexaconazole Contaf
2 , 4 -D Fernoxone
Butachlor Machete
Cyhalofop butyl Clincher
Diuron Class
Paraquat Gramaxone
Glyphosate Roundup
Dicofol Kelthane
Aluminium Phosphide Celphos
Zinc phosphide Ratol
Bromodialone Roban
Bacillus thuringiensis Dipel-8L
Trichoderma viride Ecoderma

NEW CROP VARIETIES RELEASED BY KERALA AGRI. UNIVERSITY

CROP VARIETIES
Rice Ezhome-1 & Ezhome-2( Salinity resistant varieties) , Vaishak , Vytilla-8 ,
Pratheeksha , Thulam , Samyuktha
Cowpea Hridya , Sreya
Kanthari Chilli Vellayani Samridhi
Drumstick Anupama
Cashew S 9
Ginger Athira , Karthika

MODEL EXAMINATION
Maximum Mark:100 Time:1 hour 15 minutes
1.Azospirillum is a:-
a)Algae b)Bio-control agent
c)Bio-fertilizer d) None of these
2.Percentage of protein content in Soybean:-
a)20% b)60%
c)35-40% d)05%
3.Wind speed is measured by the instrument:-
a)Wind vane b) Anemometer
c)Speedometer d)Luxmeter
4.’Glyphosate’ is a:-
a)Fungicide b)Acaricide
c)Herbicide d)None of these
5.Most cultivated pulse crop of Kerala:-
a)Bengal gram b) Black gram
c) Cow pea d) Green gram
6.Cheshunt compound is prepared by mixing ammonium carbonate and copper
sulphate in the ratio:-
a)2:8 b)2:11
c)11:2 d)8:2
7.The kind of seed which offers maximum purity:-
a)Foundation seed b)Breeder seed
c)Certified seed d)Registered seed
8.Cut flowers are commonly preserved in:-
a)Alcohol b)Sodium Meta bi Sulphate
c)Acetone d)None of these
9.’Bunchy top’ of Banana is caused by:-
a)Fungus b)Bacteria
c)Virus d)Phytoplasma
10.A non-insect pest of Coconut:-
a)Rhinoceros beetle b)Red palm weevil
c)Eriophyid Mite d)Leaf eating caterpillar
11. Goal of extension education is:-
a) To promote income of the farmers b) To promote production of the crops

c) To promote new crops d) To promote scientific out-look

12. Which of the following is the cross of Karan Swiss ?
a) Sahiwal x Brown Swiss b) Sahiwal x Holstein
c) Hariyana x Brovsm Swiss d) Hariyana ×]ersey
13. Which species of honeybee is not Indian ?
a) Apis florae b) Apis dorsata
c) Apis cerana d) Apis mellifera
14. Which of the following elements play an important role in nitrogen metabolism ?
a) Magnesium b) Manganese
c) Molybdenum d) Iron
15. Where and when was World Meteorological Organization established ?
a) New York – 1980 b) Washington-1978
c) Geneva—1978 d) Rome- 1976

16.Rice bug attacks Rice plants at the stage:-

a)Seedling b)Tillering
c)Panicle initiation d)Grain filling

17.Khaira disease of Rice is due to the deficiency of:-

a)Boron b)Zinc
c)Calcium d)Manganese
18.It is considered ‘ King of Spices’:-
a)Vanilla b)Allspice
c)Cardamom d)Pepper
19.It is considered ‘King of fruits’:-
a)Mango b)Jack fruit
c)Banana d)Sapota
20.’Herbigation’ is a practice of irrigation & control of:-
a)Pests b)Fungi
c)Weeds d)Bacteria
21.’Hydroponics’ is the science of:-
a)Cultivation of Fruit plants b)Cultivation of Spices
c)Cultivation without soil d)Cultivation in green houses
22.’Kew’ is a variety of :-
a)Papaya b)Jack
c)Guava d)Pineapple

23.Guava & Sapota were introduced to India by:-

a)Dutch b)French
c)British d)Portuguese

24.A fruit with high content of fat:-

a)Litchi b)Avocado
c)Rambuttan d)Durian

25.Agrostology is the study of:-

a)Fodder plants b)Fruit plants
c)Vegetable crops d)Forest trees
26.Crown choking in Coconut is due to the deficiency of:-
a)Zinc b)Boron
c)Potassium d)Nitrogen
27.The author of the book ‘The Silent Spring’ is:-
a)Rachel Carson b)J K Rowling
c)Kamala Das d)Anitha Nair
28.The kind of Coir mats used for soil erosion control is:-
a)Coirtex b)Fibre form
c)Geotextiles d)Mulch
29.The pheromone used for controlling Banana Rhizome weevil is:-
a)SB pheromone b)Ferrolure
c)Cosmolure d)None of these

30.Tetrazolium test is done to assess:-

a)Viability b)Adulteration
c)Purity d)None of these
31.A nutrient essential for attributing resistance in crop plants:-
a)Potassium b)Nitrogen
c)Iron d)Sodium
32.A fungicide recommended for the control of stem bleeding of Coconut by root
injection:-
a)Hinosan b)Calixin
c)Mancozeb d)Thiram

33.A foliar disease of Coconut which aggravates Root wilt:-

a)Grey blight b)Leaf rot
c)Leaf spot d)Stem bleeding
34.’Haritha’ is a variety of:-
a)Chilli b)Guinea grass
c)Guava d)Hybrid Napier
35.The Bio-control agent of Salvinia molesta is:-
a)Zygogramma b)Parachaetus
c)Cyrtobagous d)Elasmus
36.Pollu beetle is an insect pest of:-
a)Cardamom b)Banana
c)Pepper d)Cashew

37.Crop affected by Mahali disease:-

a)Rubber b)Arecanut
c)Cow pea d)Sweet potato
38.An amendment used to reduce soil acidity:-
a)Calcium carbonate b)Ammonium phosphate
c)MOP d)Rajphos
39.Chairman of National Commission on Farmers:-
a)Dr.M.S Swaminathan b)Montek Singh Ahluwalia
c)U.C Sarangi d)Mangala Rai
40.Pepper Research Institute of Kerala is located at:-
a)Alappuzha b)Wayanad
c)Panniyoor d)Ambalavayal

41.’KOKKAN’ is a disease of Banana caused by:-

a) Virus b)Fungus
c)Bacteria d)Phytoplasma
42.’VAZHUKKA’ is a cultivar of:-
a)Pepper b)Nutmeg
c)Cardamom d)Ginger
43.’PINK’ disease is associated with:-
a)Rubber b)Banana
c)Coconut d)Tomato

44.Monsoon season contributing majority of rainfall in Kerala:-

a)South-West monsoon b)North-East monsoon
c)South-North monsoon d)East-West monsoon
45.Agriculture minister of Kerala:-
a)Binoy Viswam b)C. Divakaran
c)Mullakkara Ratnakaran d)Sharad Pawar
46.Late Blight of Potato resulted in:-
a)Bengal famine b)Irish famine
c)Somalian famine d)Sub Saharan famine
47.The term ‘Elytra’ is associated with:-
a)Bugs b)Beetles
c)Flies d)Moths
48.Which is a millet:-
a)Rice b)Wheat
c)Ragi d)Barley

49.World’s largest Rice producing country:-

a)Russia b)India
c)Thailand d)China
50.Bordeaux mixture is a:-
a)Molluscicide b)Fungicide
c)Herbicide d)None of these

51)Most abundant soil type of Kerala:-

a)Alluvial soil b)Laterite soil
b)Peat soil d)Red soil
52.Father of White revolution in India:-
a)P.J Kurian b)Dr. Varghese Kurian
c)K.T Thomas d)K.M Menon
53.The 1992 Earth Summit was held at:-
a)Paris b)Coppen hagen
c)Rio-de-Janeiro d)Amsterdam
54.World’s first commercially manufactured herbicide:-
a)Paraquat b)Butachlor
c)2,4-D d)Thiobencarb
55.’Tikka leaf spot’is a plant disease affecting:-
a) Green gram b)Groundnut
c) Cow pea d)Cabbage
56.Which of the following is a genetically modified crop:-
a)Nendran Banana b)Uma variety of Rice
c)Roundup ready Cotton d)None of these

57.World’s largest producer of Black Pepper:-

a)Sri Lanka b)India
c)Vietnam d)Madagascar

58.’White ear head ‘ is a symptom associated with:-

a)Sweet potato weevil b)Mango mite
c)Rice stem borer d)Epilachna beetle
59.’M-4’ is a variety of:-
a)Mulberry b)Cocoa
c)Tapioca d)Brinjal
60.’Katte’ disease affects:-
a)Cardamom b)Vanilla
c)Banana d)Mango
61.’Patch budding’ is practiced in:-
a)Banana b)Cow pea
c)Rubber d)Pepper
62.Which is the largest Rice producing state of India:-
a)Kerala b)Andhra Pradesh
c)West Bengal d)Maharashtra
63.’Olericulture’ is the study of:-
a)Fruit crops b)Pulse crops
c)Vegetable crops d)Oil seeds
64.Agricultural scientist who won Nobel Peace Prize in 1970:-
a)Norman E. Borlaug b)Kenneth Anderson
c)Shane Bradley d)Keith Reid

65)A transgenic crop which was recently in news :-

a)Bt Brinjal b)Njalipoovan Banana
c)WCT d)Sree Prakash
66.Kerala Agricultural Univesity was established in the year:-
a)1990 b)1964
c)1971 d)1970
67.’Rhizobium’ is a:-
a)Non-symbiotic Nitrogen fixing Bacteria b)Fungus
c)Symbiotic Nitrogen fixing Bacteria d)Pulse crop
68.Which is a Pulse crop:-
a)Potato b)Green gram
c)Black gram d)Both b & c
69.A plant parasitic nematode:-
a)Eriophyid mite b)Root knot nematode
c)Burrowing nematode d)Both b & c
70.In India , Kerala is the largest producer of:-
a)Mango b)Grapes
c)Pulses d)Rubber
71.Which of the following is a Fungicide:-
a)Endosulfan b)Glyphosate
c)Dicofol d)Calixin
72.’September ‘ is a variety of:-
a)Tomato b)Carrot
c)Cabbage d)Onion

73.’Top working’ is done in:-

a)Coconut b)Cashew
c)Pepper d)Ginger
74.’SRI’ is a term associated with:-
a)Guava b)Rice
c)Wheat d)Cow pea
75.Which is not a variety of Pepper:-
a)Karimunda b)Panniyoor-2
c)Balankotta d)San Ramon
76.Largest Tea producing state of India:-
a)Karnataka b)Kerala
c)Assam d)West Bengal
77.Choose the variety of Nutmeg from the following:-
a)Arka Anamika b)Preethi
b)Kaumudi d)IISR-Viswashree
78.Pick the fertilizer recommendation for Pepper(in gram/vine/year):-
a)35:70:70 b)50:50:150
c)100:100:50 d)None of these
79.Softwood grafting is a popular propagation method in:-
a)Pepper b)Cashew
c)Clove d)Vanilla

80.’PV-1 & PV-2’ are varieties of:-

a)Vanilla b)Pepper
c)Cardamom d)Papaya

81.Loranthus is a parasitic weed of:-

a)Rice b)Mango
c)Tobacco d)Wheat
82.Cardamom Research Station of Kerala Agricultural University is located at:-
a)Ambalavayal b)Nedumkandam
c)Pampadumpara d)Alathur
83.Maximum area under Coconut in Kerala is in the district of:-
a)Kollam b)Malappuram
c)Alappuzha d)Kozhikode
84.An organophosphorus insecticide:-
a)DDT b)Carbaryl
c)Malathion d)None of these
85.The average annual rainfall of Kerala is:-
a)3000 mm b)5000 mm
c)1000 mm d)None of these
86.The first Agricultural university in India was started at:-
a)Thrissur b)Coimbatore
c)Calcutta d)Pant Nagar
87)A fruit for which India is the leading producer in the world :-
a)Orange b)Mango
c)Sapota d)Pomegranate
88.A green manure crop having stem nodules:-
a)Crotalaria juncea b)Sesbania aculeate
c)Sesbania rostrata d)None of these

89.Fertilizer recommendation(NPK) for high yielding short duration varieties of Rice in

wetlands of Kerala:-
a)90:45:45 b)70:35:35
c)50:25:25 d)40:20:20
90.A high yielding variety of Amorphophallus recommended for Kerala is:-
a)Sree Keerthi b)Sree padma
c)Sree Vani d)Sree Kala
91.Which nutrient involved in energy transfer:-
a)Manganese b)Phosphorus
c)Potassium d)Sodium
92.Type of farming where crop production is combined with livestock rearing is called:-
a)Agronomy b)Silvipasture
c)Mixed farming d)Crop rotation
93.Who is regarded as ‘the father of organic farming’:-
a)Norman Borlaug b)Dr.M.S Swaminathan
c)Sir Albert Howard d)None of these
94.Nitrogen content(%) in Ammonium phosphate:-
a)20 b)25
c)18 d)None of these
95.’Suphala’ is a variety of:-
a)Banana b)Cashew
c)Coleus d)Cow pea

96.’Bonsai’ was originated in:-

a)India b)China
c)Japan d)South Korea

97.Orchid known as ‘Dancing girl:-

a)Dendrobium b)Arachnis
c)Oncidium d)None of these
98.’Polyantha’ is a type of:-
a)Orchid b)Rose
c)Soybean d)Gerbera
99.’Meristem culture’ technique was developed by:-
a)George Morel b)Haberlandt
c)Watson d)None of these
100.National Seeds Corporation(NSC) came into existence in:-
a)1980 b)1966
c)1976 d)1956
MODEL EXAMINATION ANSWER KEY
1)c 2)c 3)b 4)c 5)c 6)c 7)b 8)c 9)c 10)c 11)d 12)a 13)d 14)c 15)c 16)d 17)b 18)d 19)a
20)c 21)c 22)d
23)d 24)b 25)a 26)b 27)a 28)c 29)c 30)a 31)a 32)b 33)b 34)b 35)c 36)b 37)b 38)a 39)a
40)c 41)a
42)c 43)a 44)a 45)c 46)b 47)b 48)c 49)d 50)b 51)b 52)b 53)c 54)c 55)b 56)c 57)c 58)c
59)c 60)a 61)c
62)c 63)c 64)a 65)a 66)c 67)c 68)d 69)d 70)d 71)d 72)c 73)b 74)b 75)d 76)c 77)d 78)b
79)b 80)c
81)b 82)c 83)b 84)c 85)a 86)d 87)b 88)c 89)b 90)b 91)b 92)c 93)c 94)a 95)c 96)b 97)c
98)b 99)a
100)b
AGRICULTURAL ASSISTANT EXAM QUESTION BANK WITH ANSWERS
(Answers are given in the bracket of each question & multiple answers are separated by
slash punctuation )
1.Spindle shaped spots appear on Rice leaves affected with----------------(BLAST)
2.Symptoms of bacterial blight in seedling stage is known as---------(KRESEK)
3.Supernatant liquid of cow dung slurry is applied in Rice fields to control-------
disease(BACTERIAL BLIGHT)
4.-------is a fungicide used for dry seed treatment(CARBENDAZIM)
5.Spread of sheath blight disease in Rice is through---------(IRRIGATION WATER)
6.---------is a disease affecting Rice crop in high ranges of Kerala(UDBATTA DISEASE)
7.Tall lanky tillers and aerial adventitious roots are produced by------disease in
Rice(FOOT ROT)
8.Spread of bacterial blight in Rice occurs through--------,-------&---------(WIND , IRRIGATION
WATER & RAIN)
9.--------is an antibiotic used for controlling bacterial blight disease in
Rice(STREPTOCYCLINE/PAUSHAMYCIN/PLANTOMYCIN)
10.Bleaching powder is applied to irrigation water to control -------disease of
Rice(BACTERIAL LEAF BLIGHT)
11.--------is an easy and effective test for diagnosing bacterial leaf blight disease in
Rice(OOZE TEST)
12.---------is a sure test for diagnosing Tungro disease in Rice(IODINE TEST)
13.---------is a disease caused by Phytoplasma in Rice(RICE YELLOW DWARF)
14.Spindle leaf turns brown and breaks off in coconut due to---------(BUD ROT)
15.----------is a disease caused by Phytoplasma in coconut(ROOT WILT)
16.Fan like appearance of coconut leaves occurs in coconut palm affected by---------
(LEAF ROT DISEASE)
17.Mahali disease of Arecanut is caused by----------(Phytophthora palmivora)
18.Symptoms such as young seedlings getting killed before they emerge through the
soil surface is due to-------------(PRE-EMERGENCE DAMPING OFF)
19.Late blight of potato is caused by-----------(Phytophthora infestans)
20.Phyllody is caused by-----------(Phytoplasma)
21.’ELYTRA’ is associated with---------(BEETLE)
22.’HALTERES’ is associated with---------(FLIES)
23.’HEMELYTRA’ is associated with--------(BUGS)
24.Maggot is the larval stage of --------(FLIES)
25.Nymphs are the larval stages of insects undergoing ----------------(INCOMPLETE
METAMORPHOSIS)
26.-----------is a parasite that kills its host(PARASITOID)
27.An organism that lives at the expenseof another organism(host) which it does not
usually kill is known as-------------(PARASITE)
28.----------is an organism that eats more than one other organism during its
life(PREDATOR)
29.’PROBOSCIS’ is associated with------------(MOTHS AND BUTTERFLIES)
30.Pupal stage of butterflies is termed---------(CHRYSALIS)
31.In case of insects undergoing complete metamorphosis , the stage between larva
and adult is termed as-----------------(PUPA/CHRYSALIS)
32.’STYLET’ is associated with----------(NEMATODES)
33.Any plant in the wrong place is termed----------(WEED)
34.’VAM’ means--------(VESICULAR ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZA)
35.A disease that results in the collapse and death of seedlings before or after they
emerge from the soil is known as---------(DAMPING OFF)
36.Common causing agent of Damping-off?(Pythium)
37.In plant pathology ‘MLO’ means----------(MYCOPLASMA LIKE ORGANISM)
38.Symbiotic association between a fungus and roots of plants is called-------
(MYCORRHIZA)
39.Change of floral organs to leaf like structures is known as-----------(PHYLLODY)
40.An official document that indicates that plant material has been inspected by
competent authority and found to be free of certain pathogens is termed as---------
(PHYTOSANITARY CERTIFICATE)
41.Legislative control of the transport of plants or plant parts to prevent the spread of
pests or pathogens is known as------------(QUARANTINE)
42.Holow berries are formed in Pepper due to ----------(POLLU/ANTHRACNOSE)
43.Fungal Pollu in Pepper can be controlled by---------(Spraying 1% Bordeaux Mixture)
44.Leaves of Pepper vine become abnormally narrow and sickle like due to---------caused
by Phytoplasma(LITTLE LEAF)
45.Water soaked lesions on basal portion of pseudostem of ginger causing rotting is
observed in------------disease(SOFT ROT)
46.’Irish Famine’ was due to-----------(LATE BLIGHT OF POTATO caused by Phytophthora
infestans)
47.’Bengal famine’ of 1943 was due to the failure of Rice crop affected by---------(BROWN
SPOT disease caused by Helminthosporium oryzae)
48.’SWOLLEN SHOOT’ is a virus disease affecting------------crop(COCOA)
49.’PANAMA’ disease affects--------------(BANANA)
50.’RED ROT’ is disease affecting----------------(SUGARCANE)
51.’RUST’ disease in---------severely affects its productivity(COFFEE)
52.’TRISTEZA’ is a virus disease affecting-----------crop(CITRUS)
53.’COTTONY CUSHION SCALE’ is a pest of----------(CITRUS)
54.’PINK BOLL WORM’ is a pest of------------(COTTON)
55.Any organism detrimental to man or his property in causing damage of significant
economic importance is called-------------(A PEST)
56.--------------is an indirect method of assessment of pests(REMOTE SENSING)
57--------------is a direct method of assessment of pests(LIGHT TRAPS)
58.In India , nearly--------% of total crop loss is caused by weeds(45%)
59.In India , nearly--------% of total crop loss is caused by diseases(20%)
60.In India , nearly--------% of total crop loss is caused by Insects(30%)
61.A pest causing less than 5% crop loss is termed as--------------(NEGLIGIBLE PEST)
62. A pest causing 5% to 10% crop loss is termed as--------------(MINOR PEST)
63. A pest causing more than 10% crop loss is termed as--------------(MAJOR PEST)
64.----------is a reason for pest outbreak(DEFORESTATION/PEST
RESURGENCE/MUTATION)
65.Insect pests belong to the phylum(ARTHROPODA)
66.Insects belong to the class--------(INSECTA/HEXAPODA)
67.Insects have--------pair of wings(ONE OR TWO)
68.---------is an example for insects without metamorphosis(SILVERFISH/SPRINGTAILS)
69.------------is an example for insects with incomplete metamorphosis(GRASS
HOPPERS/LOCUSTS/APHIDS/BUGS)
70.----------is an example for insects with complete
metamorphosis(MOTHS/BUTTERFLIES/FLIES/BEETLES)
71.---------is an subterranean pest(WHITE GRUB/TERMITE)
72.---------is a non-insect
pest(NEMATODES/MITES/RODENTS/SLUGS/SNAILS/BIRDS/MAMMALIAN PESTS)
73.Nematodes belong to the phylum-----------& class-----------(NEMATA & NEMATODA)
74.Small , unsegmented , soil inhabiting , plant parasitic worms are commonly referred
to as---------(NEMATODES)
75.Meloidogyne Spp. Is commonly known as-----------(ROOT KNOT NEMATODE)
76.Mites belong to the phylum---------& class-----------(ARTHROPODA & ARACHNIDA)
77.Mites prefer---------------------------type of weather(WARM , DRY WEATHER)
78.Eriophyis guerreronis is commonly known as---------------(COCONUT MITE)
79.Slugs & Snails belong to the phylum--------& class--------(MOLLUSCA & GASTROPODA)
80.---------& ----------------are gastropod pests of Orchid & Anthurium(Slugs & Snails)
81.Gastropod pests generally prefer----------conditions(COOL , DAMP)
82.Birds belong to the phylum--------and class-----------(CHORDATA & AVES)
83.Rodents belong to the phylum------& class-------------(CHORDATA & MAMMALIA)
84.-----------are the known as ‘SILENT KILLERS’ causing most extensive crop loss among
all major pests(WEEDS)
85.Any change in form , structure & appearance of an animal between birth and
maturity is referred to as--------------(METAMORPHOSIS)
86.Plant parasitic bugs belong to the order--------------(HEMIPTERA)
87.BUGS possess--------type of mouth parts(PIERCING & SUCKING)
88.In case of Bugs , fore wings are modified into----------(HEMELYTRA)
89.In case of Bugs , hind wings are of -----------type(MEMBRANEOUS)
90.Crop destructive stages in the life cycle of Bugs are-------------(ADULTS & NYMPHS)
91.----------type of insecticides are generally used in the control of Bugs(CONTACT)
92.---------------is the largest order of insects(COLEOPTERA)
93.Beetles belong to the order----------(COLEOPTERA)
94.Beetles have----------type of mouth parts(BITING & CHEWING)
95.Fore wings of Beetles are known as------------(ELYTRA)
96.Hind wings of Beetles are-----------in nature(MEMBRANEOUS)
97.Crop destructive stages in the life cycle of Beetles are-------------(ADULTS & GRUBS)
98.One fifth of the total animal species belong to -----------------(COLEOPTERA)
99.One fourth of total insect species belong to---------------(COLEOPTERA)
100.Moths & Butterflies belong to the order----------------(LEPIDOPTERA)
101.Larval stage of Lepidopteran pests are known as--------------(CATERPILLARS)
102.Lepidopteran pests have------------no. of----------------wings(FOUR no. of
MEMBRANEOUS WINGS)
103.Sucking mouth parts adults of Moths & Butterflies are known as-------------
(PROBOSCIS)
104.Caterpillars possess ------------type of mouth parts(BITING & CHEWING)
105.---------type of poisons are effective in controlling Beetles(STOMACH)
106.In case of Lepidopteran pests , control operations should target------------
stage(LARVAL)
107.-------------type of poisons are effective in control of Lepidopteran pests(STOMACH)
108.---------------are nocturnal Lepidopterans(MOTHS)
109.Thrips belong to the order-------------------(THYSANOPTERA)
110.Thrips possess-----------type of mouth parts(RASPING & SUCKING)
111.Wings of----------have long marginal fringes of hairs(THRIPS)
112.------------stage is the crop destructive stage of Lepidopteran pests(CATERPILLAR)
113.------------- stages are destructive to crops in case of Thrips(ADULTS & NYMPHS)
114.Flies belong to the order----------------(DIPTERA)
115.Flies possess-------------type of mouth parts(SPONGING/SPONGY)
116.Flies have--------pairs of active wings(ONE)
117.In case of Flies , hind wings are reduced to a club like structure called------------
(HALTERES)
118.-------------is the crop destructive larval stage of flies(MAGGOTS)
119.The young ones of insects with incomplete metamorphosis is known as-------------
(NYMPHS)
120. The young ones of insects with complete metamorphosis is known as-------------
(LARVAE)
121.-------------are the larvae of Moths & Butterflies(CATERPILLARS)
122.-------------are the larvae of Beetles(GRUBS)
123.-------------are the larvae of Flies(MAGGOTS)
124.Light traps are examples of ------------method of insect pest control(MECHANICAL)
125.’Sun heat treatment’ is an example of -----------method of insect pest
control(PHYSICAL)
126.’BAIT TRAPPING’ is an example of ------------method of insect pest
control(MECHANICAL)
127.’CROP ROTATION’ is an example of ---------method of insect pest control(CULTURAL)
128-------------is an example of cultural control of insect pests(MIXED
CROPPING/TILLING/TRAP CROPPING)
129.’GROWING RESISTANT VARIETIES’ is an example of -------------method of insect pest
control(CULTURAL)
130.Methods using Parasites & Predators are examples of -----------method of insect pest
control(BIOLOGICAL)
131.----------is an example for a Predator(LADY BIRD BEETLES/TETRAGNATHA
SPIDER/TIGER BEETLE/LYCOSA SPIDER)
132.------------is a Parasite with broad spectrum activity(Beauvaria bassiana
133.In Plant protection , ‘Bt’ means------------(Bacillus thuringiensis)
134.’Bacillus thuringiensis’ is effective in control of many pests belong to the -------
group(LEPIDOPTERAN)
135.’NPV’ means?(NUCLEAR POLYHEDROSIS VIRUS)
136.NPV effectively controls-------------(LEPIDOPTERAN PESTS)
137.------------is a fungal parasite of mites(Hirsutella thompsonii)
138.’Male sterilization technique’ was suggested by-----------(E.P.Knippling)
139.’DESTRUCTIVE INSECTS & PESTS ACT OF INDIA’ was introduced in--------(1914)
140.’Sea customs act’ of 1878 was introduced to prevent the entry of-------------(COTTON
BOLL WEEVIL)
141.’QUARANTINE LAWS’ comes under-------------(LEGAL CONTROL)
142.’PHYTOSANITARY CERTIFICATE’ is a mandatory document in proceedings of-----------
(LEGAL CONTROL)
143.’THIODAN” is the trade name of --------(ENDOSULFAN)
144.’SEVIN’ is the trade name of---------(CARBARYL)
145. ’FURADAN’ is the trade name of---------(CARBOFURAN)
146. ’EKALUX’ is the trade name of---------(QUINALPHOS)
147. ’NUVACRON’ is the trade name of---------(MONOCROTOPHOS)
148. ’THIMET’ is the trade name of---------(PHORATE)
149. ’DURSBAN’ is the trade name of---------(CHLORPYRIPHOS)
150. ’DIMECRON’ is the trade name of---------(PHOSPHAMIDON)
151. ’ROGOR’ is the trade name of---------(DIMETHOATE)
152.’NUVAN’ is the trade name of-----------(DDVP)
153. ’BLITOX’ is the trade name of---------(COPPER OXY CHLORIDE)
154. ’BAVISTIN’ is the trade name of---------(CARBENDAZIM)
155. ’HINOSAN’ is the trade name of---------(EDIPHENPHOS)
156. ’FERNOXONE’ is the trade name of---------(2,4-D)
157. ’GRAMAXONE’ is the trade name of---------(PARAQUAT)
158. ’ROUND UP’ is the trade name of---------(GLYPHOSATE)
159. ’KELTHANE’ is the trade name of---------(DICOFOL)
160.----------is an example for an antifungal antibiotic(AUREOFUNGINSOL)
161.--------is an example for an antibacterial antibiotic(AGRIMYCIN/PLANTOMYCIN)
162.---------------is an
insecticide(ENDOSULFAN/CARBARYL/CARBOFURAN/DDVP/QUINALPHOS/DIMETHOA
TE/MONOCROTOPHOS/PHORATE/CHLORPYRIPHOS/PHOSPHAMIDON)
163.----------------is a fungicide(COPPER OXY
CHLORIDE/ZINEB/THIRAM/MANCOZEB/CARBENDAZIM/EDIPHENPHOS/BENOMYL/C
APTAN)
164.--------------is an eg. For a herbicide(2,4-
D/BUTACHLOR/PARAQUAT/DIURON/GLYPHOSATE)
165.------------is an acaricide(DICOFOL/CHLOROBENZILATE)
166.-------------is an eg. for nematicide(ALDICARB/DIMETHOATE/PHORATE)
167.-----------is a commonly used Rodenticide(ALUMINIUM PHOSPHIDE)
168.------------is a Molluscicide(METALDEHYDE)
169.-------------is an eg. for a stomach poison(ENDOSULFAN/PHORATE/SEVIN)
170.MALATHION/PARATHION/QUINALPHOS are-----------poison(CONTACT)
171.-------------is a systemic
poison(MONOCROTOPHOS/PHORATE/CARBOFURAN/ROGOR)
172.-----------------is a fumigant(ALUMINIUM PHOSPHIDE/METHYL BROMIDE/DDVP)
173.------------is a physical poison(SILICA GEL/ALUMINIUM POWDER/KEROSENE
OIL/TAR OIL)
174.------------is a protoplasmic poison(FLOURINE COMPOUNDS/ARSENIC COMPOUNDS)
175.-----------is a nerve poison(ORGANO PHOSPHORUS
COMPOUNDS/CARBAMATES/NICOTINES/PYRETHRINES)
176.------------is a respiratory poison(KCN/HCN)
177.--------------is an eg. for an Inorganic insecticide(ARSENIC COMPOUNDS/FLOURINE
COMPOUNDS/SULPHUR/BORAX/ZINC PHOSPHIDE)
178.-----------is an organic insecticide of plant
origin(NICOTINE/PYRETHRINE/ROTENONE/NEEM)
179.-----------is an organic insecticide of animal origin(NEREIS TOXIN)
180.------------is an Organo chlorine insecticide(DDT/BHC)
181.-----------group of insecticides are highly persistent and not easily bio-
degradable(ORGANOCHLORINE)
182.-----------is an Organo-phosphorus
insecticide(QUINALPHOS/PHOSPHAMIDON/DIMETHOATE/MONOCROTOPHOS/PHOR
ATE/DDVP/CHLORPYRIPHOS/MALATHION)
183.’ENDOSULFAN’ is a------------insecticide(ORGANOSULPHUR)
184.---------is a Organo-carbamate insecticide(CARBARYL/CARBOFURAN/ALDICARB)
185.----------is an eg. for Cyclodiene group of
insecticides(HEPTACHLOR/ALDRIN/ENDRIN)
186.------------is a synthetic pyrethroid(ALLETHRIN/PERMETHRIN/TETRAMETHRIN)
187.---------is a Nicotinoid insecticide(IMIDACLOPRID-CONFIDOR)
188.’THURICIDE’ is insecticidal formulation developed from--------( Bacillus thuringiensis)
189.Neem oil is ----------(AN ANTIFEEDANT)
190.-----------is a pesticide
adjuvant(WETTER/SPREADER/STICKER/EMULSIFIER/CARRIER)
191.In pesticidal formulations , ‘DP’ means--------(DUSTABLE POWDER)
192. In pesticidal formulations , ‘G’ means--------(GRANULE)
193. In pesticidal formulations , ‘EC’ means--------(EMULSIFIABLE CONCENTRATE)
194. In pesticidal formulations , ‘WP’ means--------(WETTABLE POWDER)
195. In pesticidal formulations , ‘WSC’ means--------(WATER SOLUBLE CONCENTRATE)
196. In pesticidal formulations , ‘SP’ means--------(SOLUBLE POWDER)
197. In pesticidal formulations , ‘SL’ means--------(SOLUBLE LIQUID)
198. In pesticidal formulations , A ‘ F’ means--------(AQUA FLOWABLE)
199.--------is a fumigant in liquid form(METHYL BROMIDE)
200.---------is a fumigant in mixture form(ED/CT MIXTURE)
201.-----------is solid crystal fumigant(NAPHTHALENE)
202.-----------is a fumigant in dust form(CALCIUM CYANIDE/SODIUM CYANIDE)
203.------------is a BOTANICAL insecticide(TOBACCO DECOCTION/NEEM-OIL GARLIC
EMULSION/NEEM KERNEL SUSPENSION/KEROSENE SOAP EMULSION)
204.First successful Bio-control was---------(AGAINST COTTONY CUSHION SCALE USING
VEDALIA BEETLE IN USA)
205.--------is a parasite which kills its host(PARASITOID)
206.-----------is an eg.for a parasitoid(Trichogramma chilonis)
207.Reduvid bug is a predator of--------(RHINOCEROS BEETLE)
208.Amblyscius mite is used for the control of----------(COCONUT ERIOPHYID MITE)
209.---------is an egg parasite(Trichogramma sp / Telenomus sp / Tetrastychus sp)
210.--------is a larval parasite(Cotesia sp /Xanthopimpla sp/Charops sp)
211.---------is effective in the bio-control of Rhinoceros beetle(BACULOVIRUS)
212.--------pheromone is used against Red palm weevil of coconut(FERROLURE)
213.--------pheromone is used against Rhinoceros beetle of coconut(SB PHEROMONE)
214.Black Headed Caterpillar of Coconut is controlled by using the larval parasitoid-------
-------(Bracon brevicornis/Goniozus nephantidis/Elasmus nephantidis)
215.Micro-organisms that can cause disease in insects are known as-------
(ENTOMOPATHOGENS)
216.--------is an eg.for Entomopathogen(Bacillus thuringiensis)
217.----------fungus controls Rhinoceros grub(GREEN MUSCARDINE FUNGUS)
218.Cow pea aphids can be controlled biologically using-----------(Fusarium
pallidoroseum)
219.’ETL’ means?(ECONOMIC THRESHOLD LEVEL)
220.’EIL’ means?(ECONOMIC INJURY LEVEL)
221.The persistence of insecticidal residues in the food chain is called------(BIO-
MAGNIFICATION)
222.Maximum quantity of pesticide residue permitted in a foodstuff in called--------(MRL-
Maximum Residual Limit)
223.The time gap to be observed between the application of a pesticide and harvesting
of the produce for consumption is referred to as-----------(WAITING PERIOD)
224.Insecticide Act was introduced in------------(1968)
225.Insecticide rules were came into force in------------(1971)
226.---------is a larval parasite of Rice stem borer(Xanthopimpla sp)
227.---------is the study of plant diseases(PLANT PATHOLOGY)
228.Inability of a plant to resist the effect of pathogen?(SUSCEPTIBILITY)
229.An organism capable of causing disease?(PATHOGEN)
230.’MANGO BLACK TIP’ is caused by--------------(BORON DEFICIENCY)
231.--------is the fungal pathogen causing damping off(Pythium sp)
232.--------is the fungal pathogen causing Downy mildew(Peronospora sp)
233.--------is the fungal pathogen causing White rust(Albugo sp)
234.--------is the fungal pathogen causing Powdery mildew(Erysiphe sp)
235.--------is the fungal pathogen causing Rust disease(Puccinia sp)
236.--------is the fungal pathogen causing Anthracnose(Colletotrichum sp)
237.--------is the fungal pathogen causing Blast in Rice(Pyricularia sp)
238.--------is the fungal pathogen causing Brown spot disease in Rice(Helminthosporium
sp)
239.Bacterial Leaf Blight in Rice is caused by----------(Xanthomonas Spp)
240.----------is a gall forming bacteria(Agrobacterium sp)
241.----------is a virus disease(MOSAICS/MOTTLES/KATTE/KOKKAN/BUNCY TOP)
242.----------is a disease caused by Phytoplasma(LITTLE LEAF OF BRINJAL/RICE
YELLOW DWARF/ROOT WILT OF COCONUT)
243.--------is a Phanerogamic parasite(LORANTHUS/CUSCUTTA/STRIGA/OROBANCHE)
244.’OROBANCHE’ is otherwise known as---------(BROWN RAPE)
245.’STRIGA’ is otherwise known as---------(WITCH WEED)
246.’CUSCUTTA’ is otherwise known as---------(DODDER)
247.’RED RUST OF TEA’ is caused by----------------(ALGAE)
248.----------------is a water-borne disease(BACTERIAL LEAF BLIGHT & SHEATH BLIGHT
OF PADDY)
249.The plant disease symptom of dying backward from the tip of foliage is called--------
-----(DIEBACK)
250.The pathogen of a disease can be identified using------------(KOCH’S POSTULATES)
251.The study of the interrelationships between a given pathogen, its host &
environment is called-----------------(PLANT DISEASE EPIDEMIOLOGY)
252.Diseases that occurs at irregular intervals are called------------(SPORADIC DISEASES)
253.------------is a disease that have constant presence in a locality(ENDEMIC DISEASES)
254.Method applied to prevent disease occurrence are called-------------(PROPHYLACTIC
METHOD)
255.’IDM’ means?(INTEGRATED DISEASE MANAGEMENT)
256.------------is an eg.for a systemic fungicide(CARBENDAZIM/TRIDEMORPH)
257.----------is a antifungal antibiotic(AUREOFUNGINSOL/GRISEOFULVIN/VALIDAMYCIN)
258.---------is a antibacterial
antibiotic(STREPTOCYCLINE/AGRIMYCIN/PLANTOMYCIN/PAUSHAMYCIN)
259.--------------is an Inorganic fungicide(BORDEAUX MIXTURE/CHESHUNT COMPOUND)
260.Fungicidal properties of Bordeaux mixture was first identified by------------
(MILLARDET)
261.To prepare 1 litre of Bordeaux mixture , how much quantity of copper sulphate is
required?(10 gram)
262.-----------is a Bio-control agent effective against many diseases affecting
spices(Trihoderma Spp/Flourescent pseudomonas)
263.-----------is a method of Hydrothermal disinfection of soil(SOIL SOLARIZATION)
264.In soil solarization , polythene sheets of -------thickness is used(100-150 gauge)
265.’BURGUNDY MIXTURE’ is a --------------fungicide(COPPER FUNGICIDE)
266.’WHITE TIP DISEASE’ in Rice is caused by------------------(WHITE TIP NEMATODE)
267.--------------is an anticoagulant rodenticide(WARFARIN)
268.’RED SPIDER MITE’ is a pest of----------------(TAPIOCA)
269.--------------is an acute poison(ZINC PHOSPHIDE)
270.---------------is a chronic poison(WARFARIN)
271.-------------is an effective method for controlling pests of stored food grains in go
downs(FUMIGATION)
272.Fumigation is usually carried out using---------------(ALUMINIUM PHOSPHIDE)
273.-----------------is a pest of stored products(RICE WEEVIL/KHAPRA BEETLE/RED FLOUR
BEETLE/LESSER GRAIN BORER/PULSE BEETLE/CIGAR BEETLE/DRUG STORE
BEETLE/POTATO TUBER MOTH/ANGUMOIS GRAIN MOTH)
274.In the term ‘LD50’ , LD stands for?(LETHAL DOSE)
275. In the term ‘LC50’ , LC stands for?(LETHAL CONCENTRATION)
276.-----------is an annual weed plant(Leucas , Echinochloa)
277.---------is a wetland weed(Marselia / Eichhornia / Salvinia
/Nymphaea/Nelumbo/WILD RICE)
278.---------is a terrestrial weed(Eupatorium/Phyllanthus/Sida/Tridax/Emilia)
279.------------is a perennial weed plant(Cyperus)
280.African payal is biologically controlled using--------------(Cyrtobagous Spp)
281.-------------is the first herbicide manufactured and used weeds(2,4-D)
282.-------&--------are the Indian states having maximum usage of herbicides(PUNJAB &
HARYANA)
283.In Kerala , maximum herbicide usage is in ----------------(PLANTATION SECTOR)
284.Fungal origin bio-herbicides are called-------------(MYCO-HERBICIDES)
285.-------------is a MYCOHERBICIDE(DEVINE/COLLEGO/ABG 5003)
286.-----------are the bio-control agents of water hyacinth(Neochetina
weevils/Orthogalumna mite)
287.------is a bio-control agent used against Eupatorium(MEXICAN GALL FLY)
288.-------is a contact herbicide(PARAQUAT/PROPANIL)
289.------is a systemic herbicide(DALAPON/2,4-D)
290.------------is a selective herbicide(2,4-D/DALAPON/BUTACHLOR)
291.-----------is a non-selective herbicide(GLYPHOSATE/PARAQUAT)
292.-------------is a pre-emergent herbicide(ATRAZINE/DIURON/THIOBENCARB)
293.------------is a post-emergent herbicide(GLYPHOSATE/PARAQUAT)
294.2,4-D controls only---------------(BROAD LEAVED WEEDS)
295.DALAPON controls only-------------(GRASSY WEEDS)
296.Cyperus belongs to ---------------(SEDGES)
297.Herbicides are sprayed using-------------type of nozzles(FLOODJET/FLOODFAN)
298.-----------is the most expensive & essential component of a sprayer(PUMP)
299.-------are apertures to breakup the liquid into fine droplets(NOZZLES)
300.------------is a high volume sprayer(KNAPSACK/ROCKER/HAND SPRAYER)
301.---------------is a low volume sprayer(POWER SPRAYER)
302.’ULV SPRAYER’ means?(ULTRA LOW VOLUME SPRAYER)
303.ULV sprayers requires------------of spray fluid per hectare(LESS THAN 5 LITRE)
304. LOW VOLUME sprayers requires------------of spray fluid per hectare( 50 TO 200
LITRES)
305. HIGH VOLUME sprayers requires------------of spray fluid per hectare(MORE THAN
5OO LITRES)
306.Pests generally causes approximately-----------% of crop loss(30-50%)
307.Rachel Carson’s famous book ‘Silent spring’ was published in------------(1962)
308.Bengal famine of 1943 was due to a ----------(FUNGUS)
309.”All insecticides are pesticides , but not all pesticides are insecticides”. State
whether the above statement is True/False(Ans.True)
310.Which crop consumes maximum quantity of plant protection chemicals in India?
(COTTON)
311.In India-------are the largest consumed pesticides(INSECTICIDES)
312.In India , of all plant protection chemicals used , nearly 80% belongs to--------
(INSECTICIDES)
313.--------is an anti juvenile hormone insecticide(PRECOSINE)
314.----------is an example for Chemosterilant(TEPA/METEPA)
315.----------is a juvenile hormone insecticide(ALTOSID)
316.----------is an insecticide of fungal origin(SPINOSAD/MYCOTAL/VERTALEC)
317.----------is an insecticide of Actinomycetic origin(AVERMECTIN/MILBEMYCIN)
318.----------is an insecticide prepared from viruses(VIRTUSS/GYPCHEK/NEOCHEK)
319.’COPPER ARSENATE’ is otherwise known as----------(PARIS GREEN)
320.Insecticidal properties of DDT was discovered by---------(Dr. PAUL MULLER)
321. Insecticidal properties of BHC was discovered by---------(Dupire)
322.Control of Colarado potato beetle using------in 1867 was the first historically
recorded success story in the application of modern plant protection chemicals(PARIS
GREEN)
323.’VRIKSHAYURVEDA’ was written by----------(SURPALA)
324.---------discovered that copper sulphate can be used to control ‘smut’ disease in
Wheat(PREVOST, a French scientist)
325. .---------discovered that Sulphur can be used to control ‘powdery
mildew’(ROBERTSON , an English scientist)
326.---------is a copper containing fungicide(BORDEAUX MIXTURE/BURGUNDY
MIXTURE/CHESHUNT MIXTURE/CUPROUS OXIDE/COPPER OXY CHLORIDE)
327.’Thiram’ , an organo-sulphur fungicide was developed by------&------(TISDALE &
WILLIAMS)
328.--------is an eg. for organo-sulphur fungicide(MANEB/ZINEB/FERBAM)
329.--------was the first systemic fungicide(OXATHIIN)
330.’OXATHIIN’ was developed jointly by--------&-------(VON-SCHMELING & MARSHAL
KULKA)
331.---------is a systemic fungicide(BAVISTIN/RIDOMIL)
332.--------is a wetting agent in pesticide formulations(POLYETHYLENE OXIDE/FATTY
ACID ESTERS)
333.---------is an eg. for an emulsifier in pesticide formulations (SODIUM OLEATE/TRI
ETHANOL AMINE)
334.-------is an eg. for spreaders in pesticide formulations(SOAP/FLOUR)
335.-------is an eg. for stickers in pesticide formulations(FISH OIL/LINSEED OIL)
336.-------is an eg. for deflocculating agent in pesticide formulations(GELATIN)
337.------is an eg. for safeners in pesticide formulations(ZINC SULPHATE)
338.’METACID’ is the trade name of-------(METHYL PARATHION)
339. ’SUMITHION’ is the trade name of-------(FENITROTHION)
340. ’MALATHION’ is the trade name of-------(MERCAPTATHION)
341. ’ASATAF’ is the trade name of-------(ACEPHATE)
342. ’DITHANE Z 78’ is the trade name of-------(ZINEB)
343. ’DITHANE M45’ is the trade name of-------(MANCOZEB)
344. ’INDOFIL M45’ is the trade name of-------(MANCOZEB)
345. ’TILT’ is the trade name of-------(PROPECONAZOLE)
346. ’CONTAF’ is the trade name of-------(HEXACONAZOLE)
347. ’CALIXIN’ is the trade name of-------(TRIDEMORPH)
348.-----------has knock down action(PYRETHRUM)
349.Neem contains------------- which gives it insecticidal properties(AZADIRACHTIN)
350.Commercial formulation of ‘Nereistoxin’?(PADAN)
351.Insecticidal property of DDT was discovered by Dr. Paul Muller in------(1939)
352.DDT was originally discovered by-----------in 1874(OTHNAR ZEIDLAR)
353.Who discovered BHC in 1825?(MICHAEL FARADAY)
354.’LINDANE’ is a purified form of---------(BHC)
355.Expand ‘BHC’?(BENZENE HEXA CHLORIDE)
356.’BHC’ is now commonly known as---------(‘HCH’-HEXA CHLORO CYCLO HEXANE)
357.---------was the first Organo-phosphorus insecticide(BLADAN)
358.First Organo-phosphorus insecticide ‘BLADAN’ was discovered by-------in
1937(GERHARD SCHRADER)
359.Organo-phosphorus insecticides have--------activity(BROAD-SPECTRUM)
360.Food poisoning related deaths due to insecticides was reported in Kerala in
Sasthamkotta in 1960 because of--------(Presence of PARATHION in the sugar supplied
to the public)
361.-------is a systemic granular insecticide(PHORATE)
362.-------functions both as an insecticide and
nematicide(PHORATE/ALDICARB/DIMETHOATE/PHENTHOATE)
363.Synthetic pyrethroids were developed in the year--------(1973)
364.-------is a synthetic pyrethroid(Lambda Cyhalothrin/Karate)
365.In Plant Protection , ‘GV’ means----------(GRANULOSIS VIRUS)
366.--------is a fungal species having insecticidal
properties(Beauveria/Metarrhizium/Verticillium/Hirsutella/)
367.---------is a protectant fungicide(ZINEB/MANEB)
368.----------is a therapeutant fungicide(OXATHIIN/AUREOFUNGINSOL)
369. ---------is an eradicant fungicide(SULPHUR MIX)
370.----------is a contact fungicide(Bordeaux Mixture/Thiram/Maneb)
371.---------is a systemic
fungicide(Benomyl/Oxathiin/Carbendazim/Tridemorph/Metalaxyl)
372.---------is a fungicide used for seed treatment(Captan/Thiram)
373.Frech Professor Millardet identified the fungicidal properties of Bordeaux mixture
in -----(1882)
374.Bordeaux mixture is mainly used for--------(FOLIAR APPLICATION)
375.Concentration of Bordeaux mixture is--------(1%)
376. Bordeaux paste is mainly used for--------(WOUND DRESSING)
377. .Concentration of Bordeaux paste is--------(10%)
378.Cheshunt compound is mainly used for-----------(SOIL DRENCHING)
379.Cheshunt compound contains----------&---------(COPPER SULPHATE & AMMONIUM
CARBONATE)
380.-------is an eg. for Organic sulphur fungicide(Thiram/Ziram/Ferbam/Zineb/Maneb)
381.-------is an eg. for heterocyclic nitrogenous fungicide(Captafol/Captan)
382.--------is an Organo-phosphorus fungicide(Ediphenphos/Kitazin/Triodemefon)
383.--------is an eg. for anti-fungal antibiotic(Aureofunginsol/Streptomycin)
384.--------is an eg. for ‘GREEN FUNGICIDE’(Tricyclazol/Validamycin/Fosetyl-al)
385.Mites belong to the phylum--------& class--------(ARTHROPODA & ARACHNIDA)
386.------is a commonly used acaricide(Sulphur)
387.Acaricides are those pesticides which can kill--------(Mites)
388.--------is a Nematicide( D D mixture/ EDB/Vapam/Nemagon)
389.--------can be utilized as a Molluscicide(Metaldehyde/Carbofuran/Phorate/Copper
sulphate/Sodium chloride)
390.----------is a Mollusc species causing widespread damages to many crops in
Kerala(GIANT AFRICAN SNAIL)
391.------&------are the most common Gastropod pests(SLUGS & SNAILS)
392.Dust formulations are applied using --------(DUSTERS)
393.Majority of plant diseases in Kerala is caused by----------(FUNGUS)
394.--------is a fungus that causes many important plant diseases in
Kerala(Phytophthora)
395.Reproductive structures of fungus?(SPORES)
396.Fungal body is composed of---------(MYCELIA)
397.’DOWNY MILDEW’ is caused by the fungus--------(Plasmopara)
398.In Kerala , majority of plant diseases are observed in ------------(Monsoon seasons)
399.--------colour indicates extremely toxic poisons(Bright Red)
400.--------colour indicates highly toxic poisons(Bright Yellow)
401.--------colour indicates moderately toxic poisons(Bright Blue)
402.--------colour indicates slightly toxic poisons(Bright Green)
403.-------is a reason for pest outbreak(Pest resurgence)
404.’DEAD HEART’ & ‘WHITE EAR HEAD’ are symptoms of--------attack(RICE STEM
BORER)
405.---------is a tolerant variety of Rice suitable in areas having stem borer attack(IR-
20/KANCHANA)
406.’SILVER SHOOT’ is a prominent symptom of --------attack in Rice(GALL MIDGE)
407. .---------is a tolerant variety of Rice suitable in areas having Gall midge
attack(Uma/Panchami/Pavithra)
408.’Excessive tillering’ is a symptom of -------attack in very young seedlings(Gall midge)
409.-------is a pest of Rice that can cause severe damages in milky stage by making
grains chaffy(RICE BUG)
410.Keeping the field and bunds free of weeds and grasses is an effective control
measure against------------(RICE BUG)
411.’HOPPER BURN’ is the symptom of attack of------------(BROWN PLANT HOPPER)
412.---------is a BPH resistant variety of Rice(Jyothi/Bharathi/Kanakam/Pavizham/Nila)
413.’Small cylindrical cases hanging on leaves’ is a symptom of------attack(Rice case
worm)
414.’Draining water from the field’ is an effective control measure against------(Rice case
worm)
415.’Longitudinal rolling of tip of leaves into needle like outgrowths’ are symptoms of----
---attack(Rice Thrips)
416.------&------are nematode species attacking Rice(Rice Root Nematode & Rice Cyst
Nematode)
417.’Spindle shaped leaf spots with grey centre and brown margin’ are symptoms of------
(Rice Blast)
418.Rice Blast is caused by--------(Pyricularia- fungus)
419.-------is a Blast resistant variety of Rice(Kairali/Kanchana/Swarnaprabha)
420.Sheath blight in Rice is caused by--------(Rhizoctonia- fungus)
421.In Rice , Bacterial leaf blight is caused by-----------(Xanthomonas bacteria)
422.-------is a bacterial blight resistant variety of Rice(Asha/Makam/Kanakam/Jaya)
423.’Bleaching powder application’ is a method to control---------(Bacterial Leaf Blight)
424.’Cow dung slurry application’ is a method to control---------(Bacterial Leaf Blight)
425.’OOZE TEST’ can be used to detect------------(Bacterial Leaf Blight)
426.Sheath rot disease in Rice is caused by-----------(Fungus)
427.-------is a sheath rot resistant variety of Rice(Aruna/Asha/Arathi/Remya)
428.Brown spot disease in Rice is caused by-----------(Fungus)
429.Diseases affecting Rice such as Blast , sheath blight , brown spot can be effectively
controlled by using--------(Fluorescent pseudomonas bacteria)
430.------is a predator in Rice ecosystem(Spiders/Damsel fly/Dragon fly/Lady bird
beetle)
431.--------is an egg parasite that can effectively control Rice stem borer & Leaf
folder(Trichogramma sp )
432.------is a virus disease affecting Rice(Tungro/Yellow dwarf/Grassy stunt/Ragged
stunt)
433.-------is a disease of Rice affecting the grains(False smut/Udbatta)
434.’Triangular cuts on fronds’ is a symptom of -----attack in Coconut(Rhinoceros
beetle)
435.------is a bio-control agent against adult Rhinoceros beetles(Baculovirus)
436.------is a bio-control agent against the grubs of Rhinoceros beetles(Metarrhizium
anisopliae)
437.----------is an entomopathogenic fungus(Metarrhizium anisopliae)
438.Presence of holes on Coconut stem & oozing out of viscous brown fluid are
symptoms of-----attack(RED PALM WEEVIL)
439.--------is a pheromone trap used against Red palm weevil(FERROLURE)
440.Leaf eating caterpillar of Coconut is otherwise known as-------(Black headed
caterpillar)
441.------is a parasite of leaf eating caterpillar of Coconut(Goniozus
nephantidis/Elasmus nephantidis/Bracon brevicornis)
442.’Coreid bug’ is a pest of-------(Coconut)
443.’Cockchafer beetle’ is a pest of--------(Coconut)
444.’Pale yellow triangular patches seen below the perianth region of 2-3 month old
buttons’ is a major symptom of------------(Coconut Eriophyid mite attack)
445.--------is a major non-insect pest of Coconut in Kerala nowadays (Coconut Eriophyid
mite)
446.Bud rot in Coconut is caused by-------(Phytophthora –fungus)
447.------is disease caused by Phytoplasma in Coconut(Root wilt)
448.’Flaccidity and yellowing of older leaves’ are symptoms of-------(Root wilt)
449.Leaf rot in Coconut is caused by--------(Fungus)
450.Application of Bordeaux paste is recommended to control-------(Bud rot in Coconut)
451.’Stem bleeding’ in Coconut is caused by--------(Fungus)
452.------is a major pest of Banana(Pseudostem weevil)
453.’COSMOLURE’ is a pheromone trap used against--------(Banana Pseudostem weevil)
454.-------is a pest of Banana attacking its rhizome(Banana rhizome weevil)
455.Banana aphid act as vector for the transmission of---------disease in Banana(Bunchy
top)
456.------is a virus disease of Banana(Bunchy top/Kokkan)
457.-----is a variety of Banana less susceptible to Bunchy
top(Njalipoovan/Koompillakannan/Kanchikela/Karpooravally)
458.Kokkan disease of Banana was first reported from------in the variety
Nendran(Thrissur district of Kerala)
459.-------is a fungal disease of Banana(Panama wilt/Sigatoka leaf spot)
460.Fruit & Shoot borer is a major pest of--------(Brinjal/Okra)
461.’Little leaf’ disease of Brinjal is caused by--------(Phytoplasma)
462.’Yellow vein mosaic’ is a common disease in-------(Okra)
463.------is a virus disease of Okra(Yellow vein mosaic)
464.-----&-----are the vectors of yellow vein mosaic disease of Okra(White fly & Leaf
hopper)
465.-------is a Yellow vein mosaic disease resistant variety of Okra(Arka Abhay/Arka
Anamika/Susthira/Varsha)
466.Leaf spot disease in Okra is caused by------(Fungus)
467.’Banana fruit traps’ are used to control-------(Fruit fly in Bittergourd)
468.Red pumpkin beetle & Epilachna beetle are pests of-------(Cucurbits)
469.Downy mildew disease in Cucurbits is caused by-------(Fungus)
470.-----,-----&-----are bacterial wilt resistant varieties of Chilli(Manjari , Ujwala &
Anugraha)
471.--------is a leaf spot resistant variety of Amaranth(CO-1)
472.-----is an entomopathogenic fungus used against Black pea aphid of Cow
pea(Fusarium pallidoroseum)
473.Cassava mosaic disease is transmitted by-------(White fly)
474.------is a cassava mosaic tolerant variety of Tapioca(H-97)
475.Red spider mites and scale insects are important pests of-----(Tapioca)
476.In Kerala conditions , -------are the most troublesome pests of Tapioca(RODENTS)
477.-----is the major pest of Cardamom(Cardamom Thrips)
478.’AZHUKAL’ is a fungal disease affecting--------(Cardamom)
479.’KATTE’ is a virus disease affecting---------(Cardamom)
480.’Katte’ disease of Cardamom is transmitted by-------(Banana aphid)
481.’Pollu Beetle’ attacks------(Pepper berries)
482.’Marginal leaf gall thrips’ is a pest of--------(Pepper)
483.’FOOT ROT’ of Pepper is caused by-------(Phytophthora-fungus)
484.Biocontrol of Foot rot of Pepper involves use of -------
(Trichoderma/VAM/pseudomonas)
485.’Pollu disease’ in Pepper is caused by---------(Fungus)
486.’Soft rot’ is a fungal disease of---------(GINGER)
487.--------is an important pest of Mango(Mango Hopper)
488.’Tea Mosquito bug’ is a major pest of-------(Cashew)
489.’Dieback’ in Cashew is caused by-------(Fungus)
490.’SPINDLE BUG’ is a major pest of------(Arecanut)
491.’MAHALI’ is a major disease of -------(Arecanut)
492.Mahali disease of Arecanut is caused by------(Fungus)
493.Leaf curl disease in Sesamum is caused by--------(Virus)
494.Gastropod attacking anthurium is---------(Snail)
495.’Abnormal leaf fall’ is a fungal disease of---------(Rubber)
496.Abnormal leaf fall of Rubber normally occurs in------period(South-West monsoon)
497.’PINK DISEASE’of Rubber is caused by--------(Fungus)
498.Expand ‘IPM’?(Integrated Pest Management)
499.-----------is an insecticide that was banned from use recently owing to public health
hazards(Endosulfan)
500.-------is a sprayer constantly used for spraying tree crops(Rocker sprayer)
501.National flower of India?(LOTUS)
502.National fruit of India?(MANGO)
503.National tree of India?(BANYAN TREE)
504.Highest Rice producing district of Kerala?(PALAKKAD)
505.---------is known as the ‘king of forest trees’(TEAK)
506.Green revolution is associated with unprecedented increase in production of---------
&------------(RICE & WHEAT)
507.’YELLOW REVOLUTION’ is associated with------------(OIL SEEDS)
508. ’GOLDEN REVOLUTION’ is associated with------------(HORTICULTURE)
509. ’WHITE REVOLUTION’ is associated with------------(MILK)
510. ’BLUE REVOLUTION’ is associated with------------(FISH)
511. ’BROWN REVOLUTION’ is associated with------------(CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS)
512.’WORLD COCONUT DAY’ is observed on------------(SEPTEMBER 2nd)
513.’WORLD FOOD DAY’ is observed on-------------(OCTOBER 16th)
514.’KISSAN DAY’ is observed on--------------(DECEMBER 23rd)
515.------------is a scented Rice variety(BASMATHY)
516.-----------is a Rice variety rich in vitamin A (GOLDEN RICE-SUVARNA)
517.---------------is a Genetically Modified(GM) variety of Rice(GOLDEN RICE-SUVARNA)
518.The author of the book ‘THE SILENT SPRING’ is?(RACHEL CARSON)
519.---------is an instrument used to measure height , movement and velocity of
clouds(NEPHALOSCOPE)
520.The country producing largest quantity of vegetables(CHINA)
521.Position of India on vegetable production in the world(2nd)
522.--------is the country having maximum kind of vegetables(INDIA)
523.--------&-------are the major vegetable crops of the world(POTATO & ONION)
524.------,-------&------are the districts with cool season vegetable cultivation in
Kerala(IDUKKI ,WYANAD & PALAKKAD)
525.Central Potato Research Institute is located in------------(KUFRI , SHIMLA)
526. The Insecticide act was passed in Parliament in------------(1968)
527.The Insecticides Rules came into force on----------(30th of OCTOBER 1971)
528.The period of validity of the Insecticide dealer’s license is---------(2 YEARS)
529.The Essential Commodities Act was passed in------------(1955)
530.’KERALA KARSHAKAN’ is a monthly agriculture publication of-------------(FARM
INFORMATION BUREAU
531. WHO IS THE FOUNDER OF RELAY CROPPING ?( Dr. BALWANT RAJ)
532. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS BUNCH TYPE VARIETY OF GROUND NUT ?( TMV
2)
533. HIGHEST PROTEIN CONTAINER CROP?( SOY BEAN)
534. GREEN REVOLUTION PROGRAMME WAS INTRODUCED IN THE YEAR --- --(1966 –
1967)
535. NAME THE ESSENTIAL NUTREINTS AVAILABLE THROUGH AIR & WATER ?(
CARBON, HYDROGEN, OXYGEN)
536. FIRST HERBICIDE PRODUCED IN THE WORLD ?( 2, 4- D)
537. WHICH STATE PRODUCES MAXIMUM RUBBER IN INDIA?( KERALA)
538. THE LATIN WORD ‘’ AGER’’ MEANS -------( FIELD/SOIL)
539. REMOVAL OF A UNIFORM THIN LAYER OF SOIL BY THE ACTION OF WATER IS
CALLED AS -----( SHEET EROSION)
540.AVERAGE RAINFALL OF INDIA IS ------CM( 112 CM)
541.NITROGEN IS TAKEN BY THE PLANTS IN THE FORM OF -------( NITRATES)
542.WHAT IS THE OPTIMUM NUMBER OF RUBBER PLANTS / HECTARE?( 420 – 450)
543.A WEED THAT SPREAD ASTHMA?( PARTHENIUM)
544.NAME THE ACID FORMING FERTILIZER?( UREA)
545.ZINEB IS CHEMICAL USED TO CONTROL ------( FUNGAL DISEASES)
546.WATER LOGGING OF SOIL INCREASES THE AVAILABILITY OF ----------( IRON &
MANGANESE)
547.IN THE PRODUCTION OF TOBACCO INDIA RANKS ----- IN THE WORLD ( 3rd)
548.World farmer’s day is observed on---------?(Dec-29)
549.Farmer’s day in Kerala falls on-------(Chingam-1)
550.First crop season of paddy in Kerala?(Virippu)
551.Which country ranks first in coconut production?(Philippines)
552.which state ranks first in mango production in India ?(Uttar Pradesh)
553.Branch of Agriculture deals with plant disease?(Phytopathology)
554.Which state ranks first in cotton production in India ?(Gujarath)
555.First cultivated crop in the world?(Wheat)
556.Man started Agriculture in the year-------(7500BC)
557.Imperial Agricultural Research Institute was started in the year--------(1903)
558.Kerala Agricultural University started in the year----------(1971)
559.The term ‘Agriculture’ was derived from Two Latin words -----and ---------(Ager &
Cultura)
560.Highest protein containing crop?(Soybean)
561.The ability of seed to germinate is known as-----------(viability)
562.A multi seeded fruit?(Tomato)
563.Unit of reproduction of flowering plant?(Seed)
564.Expand IARI?(Indian Agricultural Research Institute)
565.Two seed testing lab in Kerala are lacated at-----&-------(Pattambi & Alappuzha)
566.Optimum temperature range for most common vegetables is--------(24◦C to 35◦C)
567.Example of a viviparous plant?( Mangrove)
568.In which year Govt. of India Passed seed act ?( 1966)
569.Expand ISTA?( International Seed Testing Association)
570.Viral disease affecting silk worm?( Grasserie)
571.Mushroom is a large fleshy ---------(Fungus)
572.Seed of mushroom is called----------(Spawn)
573.Give the names of any two edible mushrooms?(Paddy straw & Button mushroom)
574.A fungal disease of mushroom?(Soft mildew)
575.Expand IRRI?(International Rice Research Institute)
576.Which are the cropping Seasons of paddy in Kerala?( Virippu, Mundakan& Puncha)
577.First crop of Rice in Kerala is known as----------(Virippu)
578.Second crop of Rice in Kerala is known as----------(Mundakan)
579.Third crop of Rice in Kerala is known as--------(Puncha)
580.Give names of any two early duration varieties of rice?(Annapoorna, Kairali)
581.Give names of any two medium duration varieties of Rice?(Jaya, Aiswarya)
582.Give names of any two late duration varieties of Rice?(Reshmi, Neeraja)
583.The seed rate for transplanted paddy crop is------(60-85Kg/ha)
584.The seed rate for broadcasting paddy crop is------(80-100Kg/ha)
585.Top leaf just below the panicle of rice plant is called-------(Flag leaf)
586.The rice grain is botanically a-----------(Caryopsis)
587.In the rice plant ,leaves are arranged in-----------manner(Alternate)
588.The Latin word “ Cultura” means-----------(To Cultivate)
589.Embryo that are formed without fertilization is called--------(Apomictic embryos)
590.Example of an apomictic plant?(Mangosteen)
591.True to type plants are produced through--------propagation(Vegetative)
592.The production of plants from minute plant parts in an artificial medium is called---
(Micropropagation)
593.Micropropagation is based on the principle---------(Totipotency)
594.Ability of a plant cell to grow & develop to a complete plant is called------
(Totipotency)
595.----- is the process of rooting stem or branches before it is detached from the
mother plant(Layering)
596.Airlayering is also known as----------(Gooteing)
597. Brindavan garden of Mysore is an example of-------type of garden(Formal)
598.Approach grafting is also known as---------(Inarching)
599.In-------layering the rooting medium is taken to the branches(Air layering)
600.In-------type of garden contains symmetry& geometry(Formal)
601.Irregular shape is the nature of---------type of garden(Informal)
602.Groups of shrubs of different colours & sizes are known as-------(Shrubbery)
603.------are structures with thick growing shrubs neatly trimmed in the shape of
animal,birds(Topiaries)
604.--------is a small plot of rose plants grown in pots(Rosary)
605.ORGANIC MATTER CONTAIN ABOUT -----% ORGANIC CARBON( 58%)
606.DEFICIENCY OF Molybdenum IN CITRUS PLANTS RESULT IN --------(YELLOW SPOT)
607.BACTERIA PRESENT IN THE ROOT NODULES OF LEGUME PLANTS IS -------(
RHIZOBIUM)
608.THE FATHER OF MYCOLOGY IS -----------(ANTON DE BARRY)
609.SEASON FOR SECOND CROP (MUNDAKAN) IN KERALA IS-- ---( SEPT-OCT TO DEC-
JAN)
610.ASSOCIA TION OF FUNGI WITH ROOTS OF HIGHER PLANTS IS KNOWN AS -------(
MYCORRHIZA)
611.POWDERY MILDEW DISEASE IS CAUSED BY --------- (FUNGUS)
612.BLACK TIP OF MANGO IS CAUSED BY --------(BORON DEFECIENCY)
613.FIRST BACTERIAL PLANT DISEASE WAS REPORTED BY ---------( LEUWENHOEK)
614.MYCOLOGY IS THE STUDY OF -------( FUNGI)
615.CENTRAL DRYLAND RESEARCH INSTITUTE IS LOCATED AT ----------------
(HYDERABAD)
616.HIGHEST PROTEIN CONTAINING CROP IS ---------(SOYBEAN)
617. What is the contribution of the AGRICULTURE sector in the GDP of the Indian
Economy?(17.5%)
618.What is the chemical used for the cloud seeding? (Silver Iodide)
619.What is the name of the first Genetically Modified crop that was given permission
to be grown in India? ( Bt Cotton)
620. The crops which the farmers grow for earning money and trade are called….?
(Commercial crop)
621. What is HYVS in reference to agriculture?(High Yielding Variety Seeds)
622. Which country stands first in milk production in world?(India)
623. What is " sericulture"?(Silkworm rearing)
624. What is the rank of India in Livestock population in the world?(First)
625. On what day "World Day of Water" is celebrated?()
626. World Food Day is celebrated on which date every year?(October 16)
627. "Inter-racial hybridization programme between japonicas and indicas was initiated
during 1950-54. "Which crop does this signify?(Rice)
628. Arka Kirthiman' and 'Arka Lalima' are two new varieties of which crop introduced
by Indian Institute of Horticulture Bangalore?(Onion)
629. Who is the pioneer of operation flood in India?(Dr.Varghese Kurian)
630. "Yellow Revolution" is related to which area?(Oilseeds)
631. What is" Round Revolution" is related to in agriculture?(Potato)
632. What is " Silviculture" related to ?(Forest trees)
633. Where is Indian Institute of Horticultural Research?(Bangalore)
634.Where is Central Institute for Subtropical Horticulture?(Lucknow)
635. Where is National Research Centre for Citrus ?(Nagpur)
636. Where is National Research Centre for Grapes ?(Pune)
637. Where is National Research Centre for Banana ?(Trichy)
638. Where is National Research Centre for Litchi ?(Muzaffarpur)
639. Where is All India Coordinated Research Project on Tropical Fruits?(Bangalore)
640. Where is All India Coordinated Research Project on Sub-Tropical Fruits?(Lucknow)
641. Which crop is affected by Karnal Bunt?(Wheat)
642. Agriculture Insurance Company of India Limited is a public sector undertaking has
its headquarters at-------- ?(New Delhi)
643. In which year National Seed Policy was announced?(2002)
644. For which crop Drip Irrigation has been found most successful?(Grapes)
645. What is the percentage of Nitrogen in DAP?(18%)
646. West Coast Tall is a variety of which plantation crop?(Coconut palm)
647. Coconut Research Station is a part of which university?(Kerala Agriculture
University)
648. Which organism is used for vermicomposting? (Earthworm)
649. What is "Apis mellifera"?(European honey bee)
650.Who is the highest producer of Banana in the world?(India)
651. Who is the highest producer of Buffalo milk in the world?(India)
652.What is India’s global position in production of cashew nut?(2nd)
653. Who is the world’s highest producer of coconut?(Indonesia)
654. What is India’s global position in production of coconut?(3rd)
655. Who is the highest producer of cow milk in the world?(USA)
656. What is India’s global position in production of cow milk?(2nd)
657. Who is the world’s highest producer of goat milk?(India)
658. Who is the world’s highest producer of Jute?(India)
659. Who is the world’s highest producer of Mango?(India)
660. Who is the world’s highest producer of Natural Rubber?(Thailand)
661. What is India’s global position in production of Onions?(2nd)
662. What is India’s global position in production of potatos?(3rd)
663. What is India’s global position in production of Rice?(2nd)
664. Who is the world’s highest producer of Rice?(China)
665. Who is the world’s highest producer of sugarcane?(Brazil)
666. What is India’s global position in production of sugarcane?(2nd)
667. What is India’s global position in production of Tea?(2nd)
668. Who is the world’s highest producer of Tea?(China)
669. What is India’s global position in production of Tobacco?(3rd)
670. What is India’s global position in production of wheat?(2nd)
671. Who is the world’s highest producer of wheat?(China)
672. Who is the world’s highest producer of Apple?(China)
673. Who is the world’s highest producer of Tapioca?(Nigeria)
674. What is India’s global position in production of Cauliflower & Cabbage?(2nd)
675. What is India’s global position in production of Ginger?(1st)
676. Agriculture growth rate for Tenth five year Plan (2002-2007) was----------( 1.8%)
677 . Agriculture growth rate target for 11th five year plan is-----------( 4%)
678 . Agriculture sector provides employment to --------% of country’s workforce (58.4%)
679 . India holds--------- position in the world in the production of sugarcane and sugar
combined(First)
680 . What is India’s global position in production of vegetable?(2nd)
681 .Who is the world’s highest producer of vegetable?(China)
682 . India’s share in the world production of mango is about ----------(54%)
683 . ------------- is the highest wheat producing state of India(Uttar Pradesh)
684. The highest rice producing State of India is---------------------- (West Bengal)
685. The highest pulses & Soybean producing state of India is----------( Madhya Pradesh)
686. The highest cereals producing state of India is------------( Maharashtra)
687. ----------- is the largest producer of coffee in the India(Karnataka)
688. The highest Natural Rubber producing state of India is------------( Kerala)
689.Kerala accounts for-------% of production &---------% of area under cultivation of
Natural Rubber in the country(90% & 85%)
690.What is India’s global position in production of fruits?(2nd)
691.What is India’s global position in production of Cotton?(2nd)
692.What is India’s global position in production of Black Pepper?(1st)
693.What is India’s global position in production of food grains?(3rd)
694. . What is India’s global position in fish production ?(3rd)
695.’ALPHONSO’ is a variety of---------(Mango)
696. The highest Banana producing state of India is------------( Tamilnadu)
697. The highest grapes producing state of India is------------( Maharashtra)
698.’Thomson seedless’ is a variety of------------(Grapes)
699. The highest Guava producing state of India is------------( Bihar)
700. The highest Potato producing state of India is------------( Uttar Pradesh)
701.’Kufri jyothi’ is a variety of--------------(Potato)
702.’Pusa Ruby’ is a variety of----------------(Tomato)
703. The highest Tomato producing state of India is------------( Andhra Pradesh)
704. The highest Brinjal producing state of India is------------( West Bengal)
705. The highest Cabbage producing state of India is------------( West Bengal)
706.In --------Imperial Agricultural Research Institute(IARI) was started at Pusa in
Bihar(1903)
707.Sugarcane Breeding Station was established in 1912 at --------(Coimbatore)
708.India’s first Agricultural university was started in------at-------(1964 , Pantnagar)
709.Most of the commercial crops were introduced to India by-------(Portuguese)
710.’Agrostology’ is the study of--------(Fodder grasses)
711.’Glycine max’ is--------(Soybean)
712.’Pomology’ is the study of---------(Fruits)
713.’Olericulture’ is the study of--------(Vegetables)
714.’Arboriculture’is the study of--------(Growing trees)
715.Sunhemp is a---------crop(Green manure)
716.--------is the study of field crops(Agronomy)
717.Black cotton soils are found in -----------Taluk of Kerala( Chittoor Taluk of Palakkad
district)
718.pH of Black cotton soils ranges between(6.5 to 8.5)
719.Red soils are seen in ---,---,&---localities of Thiruvananthapuram
district(Nemom,Neyyatinkara & Parassala)
720.Pokkali & Kaipad areas have prominence of----type of soil(Acid-saline)
721.A crop that can be successfully cultivated in Acid-saline soil?(Paddy)
722.Acid-saline soils have a pH range of(3 to 5)
723.Frequent presence of partially decomposed organic residues such as remnants of
fossilized trees are salient features of ----soil(Kari soil)
724.Kari soils of Kerala is otherwise known as---(Peat soils)
725.Kari soils of Kuttanad area y mainly seen in ---,----&----
locaities(Purakkad,Ambalappuzha & Thakazhi)
726.Main crop of Kari soil localities?(Paddy)
727.The soil type seen at or below Mean Sea Level frequently influenced by flooding
and resultant water stagnation (Kari soil)
728.Sand content of coastal alluvium is greater than ----& clay content is than----
(80%,15%)
729.Kerala has ---no. of soil types(9)
730.---are the most prominent soil type of Kerala(Laterites)
731.Liming materials suitable for correction of acidity
includes(Limestone,Quicklime,hydrated lime)
732.The neutralizing power of a liming material is expressed in Kgs of ------(Calcium
Carbonate)
733.Neutralizing power of burnt lime is?(182.1)
734. Neutralizing power of hydrated lime is?(136.9)
735.---,---&---districts of Kerala lacks any sort of coastal geographical
features(Idukki,Wayanad&Palakkad)
736.In Kerala,midland is identified in all districts except---(Wayanad)
737.In kerala midland area mainly composed of ---type of soil(Laterite)
738.In Kerala , upland has an elevation range of ----(300 to 600m)
739.In Kerala Plantation crops are mainly cultivated in----belt(upland)
740.---&---are important soil types of upland(hill and forest soils)
741.In Kerala , highland has an elevation range of ---(600 to 1200m)
742.---is the highest peak in Kerala with an elevation of ---m(Anamudi(Idukki district) ,
2694m)
743.Forest soils are mostly seen in ---areas of Kerala(Highland)
744.Kerala has ---no. of east flowing rivers and ---no. of west flowing rivers(3 , 41)
745.The climate of Kerala is particularly referred as----(Humid tropical)
746.Contribution of South-West monsoon to the total annual rainfall of Kerala(60%)
747.Salts of strong bases and weak acids are used for correcting---(Acidity)
748.pH measurements of soil in the laboratory is done with---and in the field with---
(ELECTROMETRIC METHOD , INDICATOR METHOD)
749.Fungi are very active ---pH because of their facultative way of living(LOWER)
750.In normal soils bacteria and actinomycetes thrives better in ----pH
value(INTERMEDIATE & HIGHER)
751.Phosphorus availability is maximum at a pH range of ---(6 & 7)
752.In a soil when the exchangeable Calcium and Magnesium are lost by leaching , the
acidity of the soil gradually---(INCREASES)
753.When other factors are equal , the buffering capacity of a soil is directly
proportional to its---(CATION EXCHANGE CAPACITY)
754.A low Percentage Base Saturation(PBS) in soil means----(ACIDITY)
755.Organic matter decomposition results in ---acid production(CARBONIC)
756.Inorganic acids such as Sulphuric acid & Nitric acid are potent suppliers of ----ions
in the soil(HYDROGEN)
757.----is known as the fundamental process of soil formation(WEATHERING)
758.The pH of mineral soils tends to ----during summer(DECLINE)
759.The hydrogen ion in soil solution produces-----(ACIDITY)
760.Quantity of lime required to neutralize the acidity of a soil depends on both-----&-----
(ACTIVE & RESERVE ACIDITY)
761.Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) is a physical property exhibited by ----(SOIL
COLLOIDS)
762.-------of a soil colloid is the capacity to adsorb or release nutrients(CEC)
763.When the soil solution has a prominence of H+ ions over OH- ions , the soil is said
to be(ACIDIC)
764.In soil testing laboratories Gypsum requirements is found out by using----
method(SCHOONORVAR’S)
765.For soils having a pH above ----lime recommendation is not necessary(6.4)
766.In soil testing laboratories , ------method is used for the estimation of
Potassium(FLAME PHOTOMETRIC)
767. In soil testing laboratories , ------method is used for the estimation of
Phosphorus(BRAY’S)
768.In soil testing organic carbon is estimated by using-----method(CALORIMETRIC)
769.In soil testing soil nitrogen is estimated from the calculation of ------(ORGANIC
CARBON)
770.Nitrogen containing organic compounds on anaerobic decomposition yield -----&-----
-(AMINES&AMMONIA)
771.The Total Soluble Salts(TSS) of soil is estimated by using the instrument-----(A
STANDARD CONDUCTIVITY METER)
772.Oxidation status of -----&------particularly influences soil colour(IRON & ALUMINIUM)
773.For estimating soil pH approximately-----gram of processed soil is used(10GRAM)
774.The representative soil sample taken for soil testing is referred to as ------
(COMPOSITE SOIL SAMPLE)
775.In soil sampling , soils up to a depth of ------inches is collected from surface soil(9
INCHES)
776.Presence of sufficient Oxygen in soils is generally indicated by -----colour of
soil(GREY)
777.Under normal conditions carbon in well aerated soils is converted to -----and in
poorly aerated water logged conditions converted to-------(CARBON DIOXIDE ,
METHANE)
778.Vermiculite is a secondary mineral containing ------(MAGNESIUM)
779.Clay soils contains at least -----% by weight of clay separates(35%)
780.Anaerobic decay of organic matter produces------&-------(CARBON DIOXIDE ,
ORGANIC ACIDS)
781.Aerobic organisms require gaseous-------for their activity(OXYGEN)
782.Which is the common field method for determining the class of a soil?(FEEL
METHOD)
783.The slow rate of decay of plant residues in swampy areas is due to lack of -----
(OXYGEN)
784.High temperature favours the production of ------because of the greater microbial
activity(CARBON DIOXIDE)
785.In soil the ----------content is generally higher during summer and lower during
winter(CARBON DIOXIDE)
786.Particle density of a mineral soil is expressed in------(GRAM/CC)
787.-------is defined as the mass of a unit volume of dry soil which include soil particles
and soil pores(BULK DENSITY)
788.Soils which are loose and porous will have-----bulk densities(LOW)
789.Sandy soil usually has -----level of bulk density(LOW)
790.The composition of soil air may vary with------(ORGANIC MATTER CONTENT)
791.The concentration of both Oxygen and Carbon dioxide are directly related to-------
(SOIL ORGANIC MATTER)
792.The Carbon dioxide content in soil air usually increases and the Oxygen content
decreases with -----(SOIL DEPTH)
793.Granulated soils have ------bulk density values(LOW)
794.Excessive build up of -----in soil air will retard plant growth(CARBON DIOXIDE)
795.-------&--------are two mechanisms that control the exchange of gases between the
soil and the atmosphere(MASS FLOW & DIFFUSION)
796.The Oxygen content of soil air is ------than that in the atmosphere(LOWER)
797.The soil structure usually found in surface soils with high organic matter content?
(GRANULAR & CRUMB)
798.Sufficient supply of -------is essential for the biological processes occur in
soil(OXYGEN)
799.Percentage mineral matter content of a typical soil on volume basis is-------(45%)
800.A primary mineral containing Potassium?(FELDSPAR)
801.Which is the most prominent primary mineral in sandy soil?(QUARTZ)
802.Plasticity is a property exhibited by---------(HEAVY SOIL)
803.Soils dominated by --------is known as light soil(SAND SEPARATES)
804.The highest limit in size of soil particles is?(2 MILLIMETER)
805.Clay particles have a size of ------------in diameter(LESS THAN 0.002 MILLIMETER)
806.The arrangement of soil particles into groups or aggregates?(SOIL STRUCTURE)
807.Soil structure & soil texture are two important -------properties of soil(PHYSICAL
PROPERTIES)
808.Who is regarded as the father of modern pedology?( VASILY DOKUCHAEV)
809.----------is a metamorphic rock(SLATE)
810.Organic colloid of the soil is known as-------(HUMUS)
811.The area of land represented by one soil profile is-------(PEDON)
812.The inorganic colloid of the soil is referred to as--------(CLAY MINERALS)
813.The percentage volume composition of organic matter in a typical soil is ------(5%)
814.Marble is formed from-----(LIMESTONE)
815.Granite and Basalt are -------type of rocks(IGNEOUS)
816.In a soil profile , B2 horizon is otherwise known as--------(ILLUVIAL ZONE OR ZONE
OF DEPOSITION)
817.In a soil profile , A2 horizon is referred to as--------(ELUVIAL ZONE OR ZONE OF
LEACHING)
818.In a soil profile litter represents ------horizon(A00 OR O1)
819.In a soil profile , A3,B1&B3 horizons are known as-------(TRANSITIONAL LAYERS)
820.The ‘C’ horizon of soil represents---------(PARENT MATERIAL)
821.In a soil profile , ‘A’ & ‘B’ horizons together is known as--------(SOLUM)
822.The vertical section of a soil from surface to the bedrock is called--------(SOIL
PROFILE)
823.------is a metamorphic rock formed from limestone(MARBLE)
824.-------is an eg. for acidic igneous rock(GRANITE)
825.---------is an eg. For a secondary clay mineral(MONTMORILONITE/ILLITE/CALCITE)
826.---------is an eg. For a primary clay mineral present in the
soil(QUARTZ/FELDSPAR/MICA)
827.In a typical soil , the percentage by volume of soil air is---------(25%)
828. .In a typical soil , the percentage by volume of soil water is---------(25%)
829.The study of soil in relation to its taxonomy is---------(PEDOLOGY)
830.The study of soil in relation to its nutrients is----------(EDAPHOLOGY)
831.Three main types of rocks are------,-------- &--------(IGNEOUS , SEDIMENTARY &
METAMORPHIC)
832.Physical and chemical disintegration and decomposition of rocks is known as--------
(WEATHERING)
833.Unconsolidated material overlying bedrock is known as---------(REGOLITH)
834.The relative proportions of various soil separates in a soil is termed as-------(SOIL
TEXTURE)
835.The main soil separates are-----,-------&-------(SAND,SILT&CLAY)
836.Soil separates having a size range of 0.05mm to 2mm is referred to as-------(SAND)
837. Soil separates having a size range of 0.002mm to 0.05mm is referred to as-------
(SILT)
838. Soil separates having a size of less than 0.002mm is referred to as-------(CLAY)
839.Sandy soils contain at least -------% of sand separates(70%)
840. Silty soils contain at least -------% of silt separates(80%)
841. Clayey soils contain at least -------% of clay separates(35%)
842.---------soils contains equal proportions of ------,-------&---------(SAND,SILT & CLAY)
843.Dark colour of soil is normally associated with--------(DECOMPOSING ORGANIC
MATTER)
844.-------structure &--------texture are ideal for plant growth(CRUMB & LOAMY)
845.The concept of pH scale was formulated by---------(SORENSON)
846.Alkaline soils have more-----ions & less------ions(OH- & H+)
847. Acidic soils have more-----ions & less------ions( H+ & OH-)
848.Soils of Kerala are mainly------(ACIDIC)
849.Soils of Kerala generally have ------CEC(LOW)
850.Soils of Kerala generally have -------Water Holding Capacity(LOW)
851.------type of soils are found in the southern parts of Thiruvananthapuram
district(RED LOAM)
852.Colour of red loam soils is due to the presence of-------(HAEMATITE)
853.-------type of soils covers about 65% of total area of Kerala(LATERITE)
854.--------type of soils are developed from recent marine deposits(COASTAL ALUVIUM)
855.Soil type seen along the banks of rivers and their tributaries( RIVERINE ALLUVIUM)
856.Onattukara alluvium is seen in -----,------&--------taluks of Alappuzha & Kollam
districts(KARTHIKAPALLY,MAVELIKKARA & KARUNAGAPALLY)
857.Onattukara alluvium is essentially--------(MARINE DEPOSITS)
858.-------type of soils are seen in valley bottoms as result of sedimentation
deposits(BROWN HYDROMORPHIC)
859.Kuttanad soils can be grouped into ------,-------&-------(KAYAL SOIL ,KARAPPADAM
SOIL & KARI SOIL)
860.-------soils are rich in Calcium due to the presence of lime shells(KAYAL SOILS)
861.--------soil covers major portion of Kuttanad(KARAPPADAM SOILS)
862.-------soils are developed from dead remains of plants and hence contain large
quantity of undecomposed organic matter(KARI SOIL)
863.------erosion occurs in environment naturally but very slowly(GEOLOGIC)
864.---------erosion is a result of human activities(ACCELERATED)
865.-------is a type of water erosion(SPLASH EROSION/SHEET EROSION/RILL
EROSION/GULLY EROSION)
866.---------is a type of wind erosion(SALTATION/SUSPENSION/SURFACE CREEP)
867.---------is an agronomic method of soil and water
conservation(MULCHING/CONTOUR FARMING/STRIP CROPPING/ALLEY
CROPPING/MULTI TIER CROPPING/MIXED CROPPING/COVERCROPPING)
868.---------is an engineering(Mechanical) method of soil and water conservation(BASIN
LISTING/SUBSOILING/CONTOUR BUNDING/BENCH TERRACING/SOAK PITS/CHECK
DAMS/GABIONS)
869.--------is a physical hydrological unit in which water from all over the area flows to a
common drainage channel or outlet(WATERSHED)
870.Macro-Watersheds has an area of-------------(50,000 HECTARE OR MORE)
871.Sub- Watersheds has an area of--------------------(10,000 to 50,000 HECTARE)
872. Milli- Watersheds has an area of--------------------(1000 to 10,000 HECTARE)
873.Micro-Watersheds has an area of--------------------(100 to 1000 HECTARE)
874.Mini-Watersheds has an area of----------------------(UPTO 100 HECTARE)
875.A soil with pH value 4.7 can be termed as---------------(ACIDIC)
876.Black Cotton soils seen in the Chittur Taluk of Palakkad district is essentially----------
in reaction(ALKALINE)
877.-------is the most serious form of water erosion(Gully erosion)
878.Most common form of water erosion?(Splash erosion)
879.----------is an erosion permitting crop(Sorghum/Maize/Tapioca)
880.----------is an erosion resisting crop(Groundnut/Horsegram)
881.In acid soils ,application of--------reduces acidity(Lime)
882.Centre of origin of Cucumber?(INDIA)
883.Recommended spacing of Snakegourd in Kerala?(2×2m)
884.A cucurbit used in confectionary?(ASHGOURD)
885.Most serious pest of cucurbits in Kerala?(FRUIT FLY)
886.’PUSA SUMMER PROLIFIC LONG’ is a variety of-----------(BOTTLEGOURD)
887.’SUGAR BABY’ is a high yielding variety of-----------(WATERMELON)
888.Centre of origin of Brinjal?(INDIA)
889.Fertilizer recommendation for Tomato in Kerala?(75:40:25 kg NPK/ha)
890.------------is a single seeded cucurbit(CHOW-CHOW)
891.Cool season vegetables can be grown profitably in --------------(VATTAVADA
LOCALITY OF IDUKKI DISTRICT)
892.Number one vegetable crop at global level?(POTATO)
893.---------is a shade tolerant vegetable(COLOCASIA)
894. -------&-------are vegetables of Indian origin(BRINJAL & SNAKEGOURD)
895.Bacterial Wilt of Brinjal is caused by------------(Ralstonia solanacearum)
896.’Little leaf’ of Brinjal is caused by------(PHYTOPLASMA)
897.----------is a perennial cucurbit(COCCINIA-KOVAL)
898.A shade loving leafy vegetable(WATER LEAF)
899.--------&-------are cucurbits used for treatment of Diabetis(BITTERGOURD &
COCCINIA)
900.Indian Institute of Vegetable Research is located in---------(VARANASI, UTTAR
PRADESH)
901.Asian Vegetable Reearch and Development Council(AVRDC) is located in?
(TAIWAN)
902.-------is a transgenic variety of tomato(FLAVR SAVR)
903.-------is a bacterial wilt resistant variety of tomato(SAKTHI/MUKTHI)
904.’PUSA RUBY’ is a variety of---------(TOMATO)
905.’PUSA PURPLE CLUSTER’ is a bacterial wilt resistant variety of---------(BRINJAL)
906.--------is a bacterial wilt resistant variety of Brinjal released by Kerala Agriculture
University(SURYA/SWETHA/HARITHA)
907.-----------is a F1 hybrid of Brinjal(NEELIMA)
908.’PUSA JWALA’ & ‘PUSA SADABAHAR are varieties of------------(CHILLIES)
909.-------&-------are varieties of Chillies released by Kerala Agriculture
University(JWALAMUKHI & JWALASAKHI)
910.’ARKA JYOTHI’ is a hybrid variety of --------------(WATERMELON)
911.------------is a variety of Ashgourd(INDU/KAU LOCAL)
912.’KAUMUDI’ is a variety of -------------(SNAKEGOURD)
913.’PREETHI’ is variety of-----------(BITTERGOURD)
914.-------------is a variety of Cucumber(MUDICODE LOCAL/SOUBHAGYA/ARUNIMA)
915.’SARIKA’ , ‘MALIKA’ , & ‘VAIJAYANTHI’ are varieties of-------------(COW PEA)
916.----------is a Moringa(DRUM STICK) variety(KM-1 , PKM-1)
917.’ARUN’ , ‘KANNARA LOCAL’ are varieties of--------------(AMARANTHUS)
918.Lalbagh gardens is located in-------------(Bangalore ,Karnataka)
919.Brindavan gardens is located in-------------(Mysore ,Karnataka)
920.Shalimar gardens is located in------------------(SRINAGAR , JAMMU & KASHMIR)
921.Pinjore gardens is located in--------------(HARYANA)
922.--------------is known as the ‘QUEEN OF SPICES’(CARDAMOM)
923.-------is a variety of Cardamom(ICRI-1/ICRI-2/PV-1/PV-2/MUDIGERE1&2)
924.’NJALLANI’ is a variety of------------------(CARDAMOM)
925.--------------is renowned as ‘THE KING OF SPICES’(PEPPER)
926.----------is a variety of Pepper(Panniyur-1,2,3,4,5,6&7)
927.The state of the atmosphere at any particular time is called---------(THE WEATHER)
928.The state of the atmosphere over a period of time is known as--------(CLIMATE)
929.Intensity of sunlight is measured by means of----------(LUXMETER)
930.Duration of sunlight is measured by using-----------(SUNSHINE RECORDER)
931.The Stevenson’s screen which is used to measure atmospheric temperature has as
many as -----no. of thermometers in it?(FOUR)
932.Boiling point of water in the Fahrenheit scale is------------(212◦)
933.Freezing point of water water in the Fahrenheit scale is------------(32◦)
934. Freezing point of water water in the Kelvin scale is------------(273◦)
935. Boiling point of water water in the Kelvin scale is------------(373◦)
936.Isobars connect stations of same--------(ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE)
937.----------is a temperate crop(APPLE/PEACH/BARLEY/POTATO)
938.----------is a sub-tropical crop(TEA/CITRUS)
939.----------is a tropical crop(RICE/COCONUT/BANANA)
940.Fortin’s Barometer is used to measure--------------( ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE)
941.The atmospheric wind velocity is measured by using---------------(ANEMOMETERS-
ROBINSON’S CUP ANEMOMETER/THE DINES PRESSURE TUBE ANEMOMETER)
942.--------------is the instrument which is used to indicate the direction of wind(THE WIND
VANE)
943.Actual quantity of water held by a certain quantity of air is called---------(ABSOLUTE
HUMIDITY)
944.Hygrometer is used to measure -------------(ATMOSPHERIC HUMIDITY)
945.In evapotranspiration , loss of water occurs from-------&---------(SOIL & PLANT
SURFACES)
946.Evapotranspiration is measured by using the instrument---------(PAN
EVAPORIMETER)
947.------is the most important form of precipitation on earth(RAINFALL)
948.Rainfall measurement is done with--------(RAIN GAUGE)
949.Rainfall periods in India is commonly referred to as----------(MONSOONS)
950.The South-West monsoon rainfall in Kerala is popularly known as---------
(KALAVARSHAM/EDAVAPATHY)
951.North-East monsoon rainfall in Kerala is popularly called--------(THULAVARSHAM)
952.The South-West monsoon period in Kerala is from-------to-------(JUNE TO AUGUST)
953. The North-East monsoon period in Kerala is from-------to--------(OCTOBER TO
NOVEMBER)
954.Coastal length of Kerala is around----------km(580km)
955.Kerala’s climate in general is referred to as-----------(HUMID TROPICAL)
956.Kerala receives nearly---------of rainfall annually(300 centimeters/3000 millimeters)
957.Kerala receives summer showers during the period---------(JANUARY TO MAY)
958.In Kerala , maximum rainfall till date was recorded at----------(NERYAMANGALAM-
500 cm)
959. In Kerala , lowest rainfall till date was recorded at----------(KUMILY-64 cm)
960.Kerala has -------no. of agro-climatic zones(13)
961.-----------is an example for a cool season crop(BARLEY/WHEAT/POTATO/CARROT)
962.Cool season crops prefers a temperature range of-----------(14.5 ◦C to 32◦C)
963.Tropical crops prefers a temperature range of-----------(30 ◦C to 38 ◦C)
964.---------is a short day plant(RICE/SOYBEAN/TOBACCO/MAIZE)
965.--------is a long day plant(WHEAT/BARLEY/SUGAR BEET)
966.--------is a photo-insensitive rice varirty(I.R.8/JAYA)
967.Both short day plants and long day plants beongs to --------group(PHOTOSENSITIVE
PLANTS)
968.Photo-insensitive plants are otherwise known as-------------(DAY NEUTRAL PLANTS)
969.Upper limit of atmosphere is--------(750 miles)
970.Ozone depletion is caused by ------------(GREEN HOUSE EFFECT)
971.--------is a major component of green house gases(CHLORO-FLOURO CARBONS)
972.Earth’s gaseous envelope held by gravity is called-------(ATMOSPHERE)
973.The electrically charged layer of the atmosphere--------(IONOSPHERE)
974.The ratio of reflected radiation to incident radiation-------(ALBEDO)
975.Plants which thrives in water rich conditions---------(HYDROPHYTES)
976.--------are plants which require very low moisture/rainfall(XEROPHYTES)
977.Sun will be on the equator on-------(MARCH 21st)
978.------is the unit of atmospheric pressure(Dynes/square centimeter OR
Newtons/square centimeter/Pascal)
979.-----is the imaginary line joining the poles of earth(LONGITUDE)
980.Angular distance measured from equator is called------(LATITUDE)
981.Psychrometer is used to measure-------(RELATIVE HUMIDITY)
982.Line joining places having same wind speed(ISOTACHS)
983.Line joining places having same rainfall(ISOHYET)
984.Thermometer was invented by-------(GALILEO GALILEI)
985.Rainy day is a day with----------rainfall(2.5mm or more)
986.In Kerala artificial rain simulation experiments were conducted at--------(IDUKKI)
987.The headquarters of Indian Meteorological Department is located at------(PUNE ,
MAHARASHTRA)
988.------is the instrument used to measure evapo-transpiration from the
crop(LYSIMETER)
989.Surface temperature of sun is---------(6000◦Kelvin)
990.The visible part of light which is least important in photosynthesis is-------(GREEN
LIGHT)
991.Response of plants to the relative lengths of day and night is called------
(PHOTOPERIODISM)
992.-------is a day neutral plant(TOMATO)
993.Plants which can grow under shaded conditions are called------(SCIOPHYTES)
994.NRSA is located at-------(HYDERABAD)
995.---------is the ideal range of temperature suitable for most agricultural crops(10 to
40◦C)
996.Major share of annual rainfall in India occurs during------(SOUTH-WEST MONSOON)
997.-------is the instrument used to measure direct radiation from sun(PYRHELIOMETER)
998.’METEOROLOGICA’ is an ancient book compiled by------(ARISTOTLE)
999.Horizontal movement of air is called-------(WIND)
1000.------clouds are associated with rainfalls(NIMBUS)
1001.The’ WORLD METEOROLOGICAL ORGANISATION(WMO) DAY’ is observed on-----
(MARCH 23rd)
1002.The following is a green house gas------(METHANE/CARBON DIOXIDE/NITROUS
OXIDE/CHLOROFLOUROCARBONS/OZONE)
1003. Weather making layer of atmosphere is-------(TROPOSPHERE)
1004.Studies on weather in relation to crop growth comes under--------(Agricultural
Meteorology)
1005.The standard atmospheric pressure at sea level is--------(1013 mb)
1006.Normal date of commencement of South-West monsoon in India is-----(JUNE 1st)
1007.-------is the nearest layer of atmosphere to earth(TROPOSPHERE)
1008.-------is the atmospheric layer above troposphere(STRATOSPHERE)
1009.Beaufort’s scale is used to measure-------(WIND SPEED)
1010.Agro-meteorological observations are made twice daily at-------(7 & 14 hrs.LMT)
1011.Rainfall observations are made at--------in Agro-meteorological observatories( 8.30
& 14 IST)
1012.Percentage of Nitrogen in the atmosphere-------(78.09%)
1013.Percentage of Oxygen in the atmosphere-------(20.95%)
1014.Percentage of Carbon Dioxide in the atmosphere-------(0.03%)
1015.Percentage of Hydrogen in the atmosphere-------(0.00005%)
1016.------is a high cloud(CIRRUS/CIRRO-STRATUS/CIRRO-CUMULUS)
1017.-------is a middle cloud(ALTO-STRATUS/ALTO-CUMULUS)
1018.-------is a low cloud(STRATO-CUMULUS/NIMBUS)
1019.Short range weather forecasting is applicable for-------(1-2 DAYS)
1020. Medium range weather forecasting is applicable for-------(3-10 DAYS)
1021. Short range weather forecasting is applicable for-------(MORE THAN 10 DAYS)
1022.The term ‘MONSOON’ was derived from the Arabic word--------(MAUSAM meaning
season)
1023.Air temperature , humidity , pressure , wind speed & direction in the upper
atmosphere is measured by-------(RADIOSONDE)
1024.Crop distribution throughout the world is largely influenced by--------(CLIMATE)
1025.Atmospheric pressure normally---------with increase in altitude(DECREASES)
1026.Highest rainfall in India is observed at---------(MOUSINRAM)
1027.Headquarters of WMO(World Meteorological Organisation) is located at--------
(GENEVA , SWITZERLAND)
1028. ----&------are the substances used for artificial rain simulation(SILVER IODIDE &
SODIUM CHLORIDE)
1029.Father of Agro-meteorology in India(L.A.RAMDAS)
1030.------is the international standard unit of pressure(PASCAL)
1031.--------is the top most layer of earth that comes in contact with
atmosphere(CRUST)
1032.--------is the climate observed in the layer next to ground(MICRO CLIMATE)
1033.-------is the term used for micro climate in relation to plants(PHYTO CLIMATE)
1034.Humid regions normally receives a rainfall of-------------(MORE THAN 1000 mm)
1035.Arid regions normally receives a rainfall of-------------(LESS THAN 500 mm)
1036.Semi-Arid regions normally receives a rainfall range of-------------(500-750 mm)
1037.Sub- Humid regions normally receives a rainfall range of-------------(750-1000 mm)
1038.South-West monsoon contributes-------% of total annual rainfall of Kerala(60%)
1039. North-East monsoon contributes-------% of total annual rainfall of Kerala(30%)
1040.In Kerala , period of first crop season/VIRIPPU is-------(April-May to September-
October)
1041. In Kerala , period of second crop season/MUNDAKAN is-------(September-October
to December-January)
1042.In Kerala , third crop season /PUNCHA normally falls on-------(December-January
to March-April)
1043.In Kuttanad , PUNCHA season falls on---------(October-November to February-
March)
1044.In Kuttanad , additional rice crop is raised during------(May-June to August-
September)
1045.-------crop season is purely rainfed(FIRST CROP/VIRIPPU)
1046.Name the metallic chemical element useful in weather forecasting?(MERCURY- in
thermometers)
1047.The National Seeds Corporation(NSC) was constituted in the year(1963)
1048.-----------is the fundamental unit of crop production(SEED)
1049.What is meant by HYV?(High Yielding Varieties)
1050.--------is the progeny of breeder seed(FOUNDATION SEED)
1051.Certified seed is produced from---------(FOUNDATION SEED/REGISTERED SEED)
1052.In seed technology , ‘TLS’ means--------(TRUTHFULLY LABELLED SEEDS)
1053.’GATT’ means----------(GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TARIFFS AND TRADE)
1054.’GATT’ agreement was came into force in------(1948)
1055.’WTO’ means-------(WORLD TRADE ORGANISATION)
1056.World Trade Organisation was formed in the year--------(1995)
1057.Expand the term “TRIPS”(TRADE RELATED INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS)
1058.In seed technology , ‘PBR’ means----------(PLANT BREEDERS RIGHT)
1059.NBPGR(National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources) is located in -------(NEW
DELHI)
1060.Expand UNEP(United Nations Environment Programme)
1061.---------is a cereal crop(RICE/WHEAT/BARLEY/OATS/RYE/TRITICALE)
1062.--------is a millet(RAGI/VARAKU/MAIZE/BAJRA)
1063.’RAGI’ is otherwise known as-----------(FINGER MILLET)
1064.’THENA’ is otherwise known as-------(ITALIAN MILLET)
1065.--------is a pulse crop(BLACK GRAM/GREEN GRAM/BENGAL GRAM/HORSE
GRAM/PIGEON PEA)
1066.--------is an oil seed
crop(COCONUT/GROUNDNUT/OILPALM/SESAMUM/SUNFLOWER/MUSTARD)
1067.----------is a tuber crop(TAPIOCA/SWEET
POTATO/COLOCASIA/AMORPHOPHALLUS/YAMS)
1068.--------is an example for a fibre crop(COTTON/JUTE/SUNHEMP/AGAVE/FLAX)
1069.---------is a sugar crop(SUGARCANE/SUGARBEET)
1070.--------is a fodder crop(GUINEA GRASS/HYBRID NAPIER GRASS/GAMBA
GRASS/PARA GRASS/CONGO SIGNAL GRASS/BERMUDA GRASS)
1071.--------is a narcotic crop(INDIAN HEMP/OPIUM)
1072.------is an example for a green manure
crop(GLYRICIDIA/DAINCHA/SBABUL/INDIGO/WILD INDIGO)
1073.---------is a fruit crop(MANGO/BANANA/GUAVA/JACK/PINE
APPLE/SAPOTA/POMEGRANATE/CUSTARD APPLE/DATE PALM/SWEET ORANGE)
1074.--------is an example for a vegetable
crop(TOMATO/BRINJAL/AMARANTHUS/BITTERGOURD/SNAKEGOURD/CABBAGE/CA
RROT/CAULIFLOWER/RADISH/POTATO/CUCUMBER/DRUMSTICK/BHINDI/RIDGEGOUR
D/SMOOTHGOURD/BEETROOT)
1075.---------is a plantation crop(TEA/COFFEE/RUBBER/COCOA/ARECANUT)
1076.---------is a agro-forestry crop(CASUARINA/AILANTHUS/MANGIUM/TEAK)
1077.--------is a beverage crop(BETELVINE/TOBACCO/ARECANUT)
1078.---------is a medicinal crop(ASPARAGUS/RAUVOLFIA/SIDA/NEELA
AMARI/KASTHURI MANJAL)
1079.---------is an aromatic plant(LEMON GRASS/EUCALYPTUS/PALMAROSA)
1080.---------is a spice
crop(PEPPER/CARDAMOM/CLOVE/GINGER/TURMERIC/NUTMEG)
1081.---------is an example for a condiment(CORIANDER/CUMIN)
1082.--------is a mature ovule containing an embryo(SEED)
1083.In a seed the food storage tissue is known as---------
(ENDOSPERM/COTYLEDON/PERISPERM)
1084.World’s first seed testing laboratory was established in---------in 1869(GERMANY)
1085.International Seed Testing Association(ISTA) was established in--------(1924)
1086.-------is a method of testing seed germination(RAG DOLL METHOD/PAPER
METHOD)
1087.In Rag doll method of testing seed germination , flannel clothes used is of size-----
(35cm×27.5cm)
1088.-------is a farmer friendly method of testing seed germination(RAG DOLL METHOD)
1089.Inability of freshly harvested seeds to germinate for a period of time is known as--
----(DORMANCY)
1090.In India the seeds act was enacted in the year -------by the parliament(1966)
1091.In India the seeds act was came into effect in the year------(1969)
1092.The next generation of Breeder seed is known as------(FOUNDATION SEED)
1093.Registered seed is produced from-------(FOUNDATION SEED)
1094.Certified seed can be produced from-------(Registered seed or Foundation seed)
1095.The tag colour or label of a Breeder seed is-------(YELLOW)
1096. The tag colour or label of a Foundation seed is-------(WHITE)
1097. The tag colour or label of a Registered seed is-------(PURPLE)
1098. The tag colour or label of a Certified seed is-------(BLUE)
1099.Minimum germination percentage required for certified seeds of Rice is--------
(80%)
1100.-------% of moisture is ideal for certified seeds of Rice(13%)
1101.The newly proposed seed act of India was introduced in--------(2004)
1102.----------is a sowing method(BROADCASTING/DIBBLING/TRANSPLANTING)
1103.’GM’ seeds means----------(Genetically Modified seeds)
1104.The GM crop which was recently at the centre of a controversy in India(Bt Brinjal)
1105.What does ‘GEAC’ means(Genetic Engineering Approval Committee)
1106.In seed technology , ‘PLS’ means---------(Pure Live Seed)
1107.An agro-machinery used for sowing operations?(SEED DRILL)
1108.--------is the instrument used to measure moisture percentage of seeds(MOISTURE
METER)
1109.----------is the optimum moisture percentage for storage of seeds of
Amaranthus(8%)
1110.-------is the minimum germination percentage required for certified seeds of
Amaranthus(70%)
1111.-------no. of seeds are normally used in Rag doll method of testing germination(100
nos.)
1112.-------is the capability of seeds to show living properties(VIABILITY)
1113.State Seed Testing laboratory of Kerala is located in-----------(ALAPPUZHA)
1114.A chemical used to test the viability of seeds?(2,3,5 triphenyl tetrazolium chloride)
1115.’ICIA’ means--------(INTERNATIONAL CROP IMPROVEMENT ASSOCIATION)
1116.National Seeds Corporation(NSC) functions as producer of--------class of
seeds(FOUNDATION)
1117.Breeder’s seed is otherwise known as---------(NUCLEUS SEED)
1118. Foundation seed is otherwise known as---------(MOTHER SEED)
1119.Physical purity×Germination percentage/100=?(PLS-Pure Live Seed)
1120.Isolation distance to be followed while cultivating Rice for cerified seeds is-------
(3m)
1121.Genetic purity of Breeder seed is------%(100%)
1122.Minimum genetic purity required for Foundation seeds is --------(99%)
1123. Minimum genetic purity required for Certified seeds is --------(98%)
1124.For Rice , ideal pH range is--------(5 to 8)
1125.-------is a Rice growing season in High ranges(Nancha)
1126.-------is an extra short duration variety of Rice(Hraswa)
1127.-------is a fungicide used for seed treatment in Rice(Fongorene/Bavistin)
1128.How much nursery area is required to raise seedlings for 1 hectare?(1000 square
metre)
1129.’KOLE’ land is situated in---------district of Kerala(Thrissur)
1130.In ‘Koottumundakan’Virippu and Mundakan varieties are sown in the ratio(70:30)
1131.Upland crop of Rice is otherwise known as-----------(MODAN cultivation)
1132.Fertilizer recommendation for short duration high yielding varieties of Rice in
wetlands is--------(70:35:35)
1133. Fertilizer recommendation for medium duration high yielding varieties of Rice in
wetlands is--------(90:45:45)
1134.’Xanthopimpla sp’ is a------------(Larval parasite)
1135.--------------is a variety of Maize(Ganga Hybrid-1)
1136.----------is a variety of Black gram(Syama/Sumanjana)
1137.-----------------is a vegetable type variety of Cowpea(Sharika/Malika/Vylathur
local/Manjeri local/Vyjayanthi)
1138.-----------------is a grain type variety of Cowpea(Krishnamony/Pusa Do Fasli/Pusa
Phalguni)
1139.----------is a dual purpose variety of Cowpea(Kanakamony)
1140.-------------is the most widely cultivated pulse crop of Kerala(Cowpea)
1141.Cowpea seeds are inoculated with---------for better yield(Rhizobium)
1142.’Philippines’ is a variety of------------------(Green gram)
1143.’Pattambi local’is a variety of-----------------(Horse gram)
1144.’SA-1’ is a variety of-----------------(Red gram)
1145.’Bragg’ is a variety of--------------------(Soybean)
1146.’Sree padma’ is a variety of------------------(Amorphophallus)
1147.----------is a variety of Colocasia(Sree Rashmi/Sree pallavi/ Sree kiran)
1148.’Sree Subhra’ is a variety of------------------(White yam)
1149.--------------is a variety of sweet potato(Sree Nandini/Sree Vardhini/Sree Retna)
1150.---------------is a major pest of sweet potato(Sweet potato weevil)
1151.------------is a varirty of Tapioca with 5-6 months duration(Vellayani Hraswa)
1152.------------is a non-branching variety of Tapioca(M-4)
1153.-------------is commonly intercropped with Tapioca(Groundnut)
1154.’Nidhi’ & ‘Sreedhara’ are varieties of---------------(Coleus)
1155.Anakkayam-1,Madakkathara-1,Kanaka,Dhana are varieties of----------(Cashew)
1156.-------------is the most profitable intercrop in cashew plantations in early
stages(Pineapple)
1157.’HDP’ in cashew plantations means-------------(High Density Planting)
1158.A technique to rejuvenate unproductive and senile cashew trees?(Top working)
1159.Minimum TSS % required in Squash?(40%)
1160. Minimum TSS % required in Syrup?(65%)
1161.Maximum permissible Percentage of acidity in Squash & Syrup(3.5%)
1162.RRII 105 , PB 260 are clones of--------------(Natural Rubber)
1163.Sree Roopa & Sree Keerthi are Varieties of---------------------(Greater yam)
1164.Sree Latha & Sree Kala are Varieties of-----------------(Lesser yam)
1165.The common cover crops recommended for Rubber cultivation are--------?(Pueraria
phaseoloides & Mucuna bracteata)
1166.-------------is a high yielding clone of Rubber(RRII 105)
1167.Powdery mildew of Rubber is caused by----------------------(Fungus)
1168.’Rubber Reseach Institute of India’ is lacated in----------------(Kottayam , Kerala)
1169.Planting materials of sugarcane is known as--------------(Setts)
1170.Madhuri , Madhurima , Thirumadhuram , Madhumathi are varieties of-------------
(Sugarcane)
1171.-------------is a major disease affecting Sugarcane(Red rot)
1172.Ratoon cropping is widely practiced in------------------(Sugarcane)
1173.--------------is a hybrid variety of
Coconut(Lakshaganga/Anandaganga/Keraganga/Kerasankara/Chandrasankara/Kerasr
ee/Kerasoubhagya/Chandralaksha)
1174.’Chowghat Green Dwarf’ is a variety of ------------------(Coconut)
1175.In Root wilt affected areas hybrid variety of Coconut------------is recommended for
cultivation(Chandrasankara)
1176.A good quality Coconut seedling should have a collar girth of-------------(10-12cm)
1177.’Husk burial for moisture conservation’ is practiced in----------------(Coconut)
1178.--------------is the NPK recommendation for Coconut under average
management(0.34:0.17:0.68 kg/palm/year)
1179.Sneha , Snigtha , Spanish Improved are varieties of----------------(Groundnut)
1180.’Tikka leaf spot’ is a disease affecting---------------------(Groundnut)
1181.’Tenera’ is a hybrid variety of------------------(Oil palm)
1182.’Tenera’ is a hybrid between---------&------------(Dura & Pisifera)
1183.-------------is a cross pollinated crop(Oil palm)
1184.--------------is a variety of
Sesame(Thilothama/Soma/Surya/Thilak/Thilathara/Thilarani)
1185.-----------------area of Kerala is known for cultivation of Sesame(Onattukara)
1186.------------------is a variety of Cardamom(ICRI-1/ICRI-2/PV-1/PV-2)
1187.Malabar , Mysore & Vazhukka are cultivars of------------------(Cardamom)
1188.Cardamom is propagated vegetatively by---------------------(Rhizomes)
1189.Navasree , Nithyasree & Sugandhi are varieties of-----------------(Cinnamon)
1190.--------------------is a tropical orchid spice(Vanilla)
1191.’SWEATING’ is practiced as part of processing of--------------(Vanilla beans)
1192.------------is a variety of Dry Ginger(Maran/Wayanad/Valluvanad/Kuruppampady)
1192.IISR-Varada , IISR-Rejatha & IISR-Mahima are varieties of--------------(Dry Ginger)
1193.------------is a variety of Green Ginger(Rio-De-Janeiro/China/Wayanad
Local/Tefengiya)
1194.Mango-Ginger is ----------------crop(Spice)
1195.----------------is a variety of Nutmeg(IISR-Viswashree)
1196.Karimunda & Balankotta are varieties of----------------(Pepper)
1197.Kuthiravally & Kalluvally are varieties of-------------- (Pepper)
1198.-------is a suitable standard for growing
Pepper(Erythrina/Ailanthus/Subabul/Kilingil)
1199.NPK recommendation for Pepper is---------------(50:50:150 gm/vine/year)
1200.’Top shoot borer’ is a pest of-----------------(Pepper)
1201.Expand ‘CFTRI’?(Central Food Technology Research Institute)
1202.’Alleppey’ is a variety of--------------------(Turmeric)
1203.---------------is a variety of
Turmeric(Tekurpetta/Kanthi/Sobha/Varna/Sona/Prabha/Prathibha/Suvarna/Suguna/S
ugantham/Duggirala/Kodur/Armoor)
1204.-----------is a tree belonging to Spices&Condiments(Tamarind)
1205.’Mohitnagar’ is a variety of-------------(Arecanut)
1206.------------is a variety of Arecanut(Mangala/Sumangala/Sreemangala)
1207.’Pramuttan’ is a variety of------------------(Betel Vine)
1208.------------is a variety of Betel
Vine(Thulasi/Venmani/Arikodi/Kalkodi/Karilanchi/Karpuram/Chelanthikarpuram/Peru
mkodi/Amaravila/Koottak-kodinandan)
1209.---------------is a Beverage crop(Betel Vine/Cocoa/Tea/Coffee/Tobacco/Arecanut)
1210.Criollo , Forastero & Trinitario are three varietal types of ---------------(Cocoa)
1211.CCRP-1 is an improved clone of--------------(Forastero variety of Cocoa)
1212.Red bore is a pest of--------------(Cocoa)
1213.’Vascular streak dieback(VSD)’ is a disease affecting---------(Cocoa)
1214.Arabica & Robusta are varieties of----------------(Coffee)
1215.Coffee leaf rust disease is caused by---------------(Fungus)
1216.’UPASI-2’ is a variety of------------------(Tea)
1217.-------------is a variety/clone of Tea(UPASI-8/UPASI-9/UPASI-17/TRI-2025/TRF-1)
1218.Expand ‘UPASI’?(United Planters Association of South India)
1219.’Tipping , Centering & Plucking’ are terms associated with-----------(Tea cultivation)
1220.’POLLARDING’ is a term associated with----------( Tea cultivation)
1221.UPASI Tea Research Foundation is located at---------------(Coonoor)
1222.’BLISTER BLIGHT’ is a disease of------------------(Tea)
1223.In Kerala , Tobacco is cultivated in-------------district(Kasargode)
1224.Kannara Local , Arun & Mohini are varieties of --------------(Amaranth)
1225.------------is a variety of Okra/Bhindi(Salkeerthi/Kiran/Susthira)
1226.----------is a yellow vein mosaic resistant variety of Okra(Arka Anamika/Arka
Abhay/Susthira)
1227.Priya ,Preethi , Priyanka & Arka Harith are high yielding varieties of---------(Bitter
Gourd)
1228.Kaumudi , Baby & Manusree are varieties of-----------------(Snake Gourd)
1229.’Mudicode’ is a variety of-------------------(Oriental pickling melon)
1230.’Pusa seethal’is a variety of--------------(Cucumber)
1231.Sugar Baby & Arka Jyothi are varieties of-------------------(Water Melon)
1232.Pusa Summer Prolific & Arka Bahar are varieties of--------------(Bottle Gourd)
1233.-------------is a variety of Pumpkin(Ambili/Suvarna/Saras/Sooraj)
1234.’Indu’ is a variety of---------------(Ash Gourd)
1235.-------------is a Bacterial wilt resistant F1 hybrid variety of Brinjal(Neelima)
1236.----------is a variety of Brinjal(Surya/Swetha/Haritha/Pusa Purple Cluster)
1237.-----------is a solanaceous vegetable crop(Brinjal/Chilli/Tomato)
1238.Jwalamukhi & Jwalasakhi are varieties of--------------(Chilli)
1239.Sakthi , Mukthi & Anagha are varieties of------------(Tomato)
1240.’September & Pusa Drum Head’ are varieties of-------------(Cabbage)
1241.’Himani’ is a variety of-------------------(Cauliflower)
1242.’Pusa Kesar’ is a variety of---------------(Carrot)
1243. ’Imperator’ is a variety of---------------(Beet Root)
1244. ’Pusa Chethki’ is a variety of---------------(Radish)
1245.Kufri Jyothi & Kufri Muthu are varieties of----------------(Potato)
1246.Potato can be successfully cultivated in the------------of Kerala(High ranges)
1247.’OOTY-1’ is a variety of-----------------------(Garlic)
1248.Ridge Gourd is a--------------------(Minor Vegetable)
1249.Murraya koenigii is---------(Curry Leaf)
1250.Moringa oleifera is--------------(Drumstick)
1251.--------------is a Table variety of Banana(Robusta/Njalipoovan/Palayankodan)
1252.-------is a culinary variety of
Banana(Monthan/Batheesa/Kanchekela/Nendrapadathy)
1253.-------------is a Banana variety recommended for High range region(Boldles Altafort)
1254.-------------are the planting materials for Banana(Sword suckers)
1255.’Desuckering’ is practiced in--------------cultivation(Banana)
1256.Allahabad Safeda & Lucknow-49 are varieties of-----------------(Guava)
1257.’Chambakad Large’ is a variety of---------------(Indian Gooseberry-Nelli)
1258.’Muttom Varikka’ & Srilanka/Singapore are varieties of------------------(Jack)
1259.------------is a subtropical fruit crop grown in High ranges of Kerala(Mandarin
Orange)
1260.Neelum , Kalapady , Benishan , Mulgoa & Suvarnarekha are varieties of----------
(Mango)
1261.Washington & Honey Dew are varieties of------------------(Papaya)
1262.Kew , Amrutha & Mauritius are varieties of------------------(Pineapple)
1263.--------------is a Pineapple variety recommended for large scale commercial
cultivation in Kerala(Kew)
1264.--------------are the planting materials of Pineapple(Suckers)
1265.’Cricket Ball’ & ‘Oval’ are varieties of------------------(Sapota)
1266.--------------is a variety of Sapota(Pala/Calcutta Round)
1267.---------------is the best rootstock for inarching Sapota(Khirni)
1268.--------------is the richest source of vitamin C(West Indian Cherry)
1269.Whip grafting & Shield budding are widely practiced in--------------(Apple)
1270.Lima White & Agnihotri are varieties of------------------(Anthurium)
1271.Soniya 17 & Emma White are famous varieties of---------------(Orchids)
1272.------------is a popular genera of Orchids in
Kerala(Arachnis/Aranthera/Vanda/Phalaenopsis/Aranda/Dendrobium/Oncidium/Cattle
ya)
1273.--------------are the economic part of Orchids(Spikes)
1274.Gundumalli , Ramabanam & Madanabanam are important varieties of--------
(Jasmine)
1275.’Sapna’ is a variety of----------------(Gladiolus)
1276.-------------is an ornamental bulbous plant(Tuberose)
1277.’Delhi’ is a variety of----------------(Crossandra)
1278.--------------is a popular annual flowering plant(Marigold)
1279.’Star of India’ is a variety of-----------(French Marigold)
1280.’Kamini’ is a variety of-----------(China Aster)
1281.Palmarosa is otherwise known as------------(Rosha grass)
1282.’Vetiver’ is a-------------------------(Perennial grass)
1283.’VETIVER’is commonly known as------------------------(KHUS plant)
1284.’Khuskhus oil’ is extracted from the roots of----------------(Vetiver)
1285.----------------is a medicinal plant that promotes hair growth(Neela Amari – Nili)
1286.’VISWAM’ is a variety of----------------(Thippali)
1286.Haritha & Marathakam are varieties of----------------------(Guinea Grass)
1287.Gamba Grass is otherwise known as----------------(Sadabahar)
1288.Nandi , Narok & Kazungula are varieties of--------------------(Setaria Grass)
1289.Napier Grass is otherwise known as---------------(Elephant Grass)
1290.’Gajraj’ is a hybrid variety of---------------(Hybrid Napier Grass)
1291. Para Grass is otherwise known as---------------(Buffalo Grass/Water Grass/Angola
Grass/Mauritius Grass)
1292.------------can be grown as an intercrop in Coconut gardens(Congosignal Grass)
1293. Subabul is otherwise known as---------------(Leucaena/ipil-ipil)
1294.Hawaiian ,Salvador , Peru , Cunningham are types of--------------------(Subabul)
1295.---------is a fodder tree(Subabul/Hedge Lucerne/Agathi/Shevri)
1296.---------is a fodder legume(Fodder Cowpea/Stylo)
1297.Brazilian , Carribbean , Townsville , Shrubby are types of---------(Stylosanthes)
1298.---------is a fodder cereal(Fodder Maize/Fodder Sorghum)
1299.------------is a Green Manure crop(Sunn hemp/Daincha/Wild indigo/Indigo)
1300.---------is a Green Leaf Manure crop(Glyricidia/Subabul/Cassia)
1301.Give an eg. for Agroforestry trees?
(Ailanthus/Casuarina/Eucalyptus/Mangium/Teak/Rosewood/Sandal/Mahogony)
1302.Kerala receives---------% of total annual rainfall through monsoons(90%)
1303.Standard pit size for vermicomposting is--------------(2.5m×1m×0.3m)
1304.--------------has been identified as the best species of earthworm for
vermicomposting for Kerala(Eudrillus eugineae)
1305.----------------is used in Coirpith composting(Pleurotus spp)
1306.--------is an eg. for a Biofertilizer(Rhizobium/Azotobacter/Azospirillum/Blue Green
Algae/VAM/AMF/Phosphate solubilising Bacteria and Fungi)
1307.Foliar application can be practiced for-----------------(Urea)
1308.’MOP’ means?(Muriate of Potash)
1309.What’s Burnt lime?(CaO)
1310.What’s slaked lime?(Ca(OH)2)
1311.Bee Keeping is known as---------------------(Apiculture)
1312.Apis cerana indica is commonly known as---------------------(Indian Honeybee)
1313.’Thai Sac Brood Virus(TSBV)’ causes disease in----------------(Honeybee)
1314.Bee-box recommended in our conditions is--------------(Langstroth beehive)
1315.Apis mellifera is known as--------------(European honeybee or Italian honeybee)
1316.’Wax Moth’ is a pest of-----------------(Honeybee)
1317.Mulberry cultivation is known as------------(Moriculture)
1318.’K2’ is a variety of----------------------(Mulberry)
1319.Silkworm rearing is known as------------------(Sericulture)
1320.’Chawki stand , Netrika , RKO powder etc…are related terms of-------------(Sericulture)
1321.’Pebrine’ is a disease caused by Protozoa affecting----------(Silkworm)
1322. ’Flacherie’ is a disease caused by bacteria affecting----------(Silkworm)
1323. ’Grasserie’ is a disease caused by Virus affecting----------(Silkworm)
1324.----------------is a serious pest of silkworm(Uzi-fly)
1324.------------is a domestic rat(House rat/House mouse/Large bandicoot rat)
1325.---------is a field rat(Large bandicoot rat/Lesser bandicoot rat/Field mouse/White
rat/Long tailed tree mouse/Norway rat/Soft furred field rat/Bush rat)
1326.------------is the oldest method of controlling rodents(Trapping)
1327.-------------is a an effective mechanical trap to control Norway rats damaging paddy
crop(Moncompu Pot Trap)
1328.Biocontrol agent of Salvinia?(Cyrtobagous salviniae weevil)
1329.Expand ‘AMF’?(Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi)
1330.---------------is used as food base for Trichoderma spp(Neemcake-Cowdung mixture)
1331.’P1’&’P14’ are isolates of------------developed by Kerala Agricultural
University(Fluorescent pseudomonas)
1332.------------is used for seed treatment in paddy(pseudomonas)
1333.-------------is effective for the management of Sheath blight & Bacterial leaf blight of
Paddy(pseudomonas)
1334.-------------is a method of Hydrothermal disinfection(Soil Solarization)
1335.Transparent polythene sheets of -------thickness is used for soil solarization(100-
150 gauge)
1336.’Ananthan’ is a short duration variety of ----------released from Kerala Agricultural
University(Mushroom)
1337.Volvariella volvacea is-------------(Paddy-straw mushroom)
1338.Pleurotus is---------------------------(Oyster mushroom)
1339.Invitro culture of plant cells , tissues & organs under aseptic condition is known
as--------(Plant tissue culture)
1340.’Explant’ is a term related to-----------------(Plant tissue culture)
1341.’Manupriya’ is a variety of--------------------(Rice)
1342. ’Kerasagara’ is a variety of--------------------(Coconut)
1343. ’Anashwara’ is a variety of--------------------(Rice)
1344. ’Poornima’ is a variety of--------------------(Cashew)
1345. ’Harithasree’ is a variety of--------------------(Guinea Grass)
1346. ’Vellayani’ is a variety of--------------------(Cowpea)
1347.Anjitha & Manjima are varieties of---------------(Okra)
1348. ’Vellayani Vijai’ is a variety of--------------------(Tomato)
1349. ’Vellayani Athulya’ is a variety of--------------------(Chilli)
1350.Krishnasree & Renusree are varieties of------------------(Amaranth)
1351. ’Suphala’ is a variety of--------------------(Coleus)
1352.Suguna & Supriya are varieties of----------------(Hybrid Napier Grass)
1353.Mridhula & Agni are varieties of------------------(Chethi-koduveli)
1354. Ajagandhi & Vasika are varieties of------------------(Atalotakam)
1355. Jeeva is a variety of------------------(Adapathiyan)
1356.’Master Delight’ is a variety of--------------------(Orchid)
1357.Neutralizing value of Quick lime is-----------(179)
1358. Neutralizing value of Slaked lime is-----------(136)
1359. Neutralizing value of Calcium carbonate is-----------(100)
1360. Neutralizing value of Dolomite is-----------(109)
1361.Single super phosphate contains-----------% Phosphorus(18)
1362.MOP contains---------------% Potassium(50/60)
1363.Urea contains-------------% Nitrogen(46)
1364. Rajphos contains-----------% Phosphorus(18-20)
1365. Double super phosphate contains-----------% Phosphorus(35)
1366. Triple super phosphate contains-----------% Phosphorus(46)
1367.Factomphos contains-------------------% Sulphur(15)
1368.’KURSTAKI’ is a------------------(Biopesticide)
1369.-----------are Primary macronutrients(N ,P & K)
1370.Calcium , Magnesium & Sulphur are called ----------(Secondary macronutrients)
1371.---------is a Nitrogen fixing bacteria(Rhizobium)
1372.’Luxury consumption’ is associated with------------(Potassium)
1373.------------is a micronutrient(Iron/Manganese/Copper/Zinc/Boron/Molybdenum)
1374.Delay in maturity & succulency are toxicity symptoms of-------------(Nitrogen)
1375.Excess Phosphorus causes deficiency of------------(Iron & Zinc)
1376.------------is a Bulky organic manure(Farm Yard Manure/Compost/Green Manure)
1377.-----------is a concentrated organic
manure(Bloodmeal/Meatmeal/Oilcakes/Fishmeal)
1378.------------is an Amide fertilizer(Urea)
1379.Expand ‘CAN’?(Calcium Ammonium Nitrate)
1380.----------is a straight fertilizer(Urea/Potassium Chloride/Ammonium Sulphate)
1381.----------is a Complex fertilizer(Diammonium phosphate/Ammonium phosphate)
1382.The application of the same fertilizer more than once to a crop is known as----------
(Split application)
1383.Expand ‘INM’?(Integrated Nutrient Management)
1384.Soil auger is a tool used for -----------------(Soil sampling)
1385.In soil testing ,--------------is a measure of available Nitrogen(Organic Carbon)
1386.Subsoiling is a type of-------------------(Primary tillage)
1387.-------is a primary tillage implement(Wooden plough/Mouldboard plough/Soil
turning plough)
1388.---------is a secondary tillage implement(Cultivator/Harrows/Clod Crushers)
1389.-------------is considered as the father of Tillage(Jethro Tull)
1390.-----------is an extreme form of minimum tillage(Zero tillage)
1391.’PUDDLING’ is a term related with-------------(Wetland Rice cultivation)
1392.’CRIDA’ means?(Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture-Head quarters-
Hyderabad)
1393.Direct or indirect harmful effect by one plant on another through production of
chemical is referred to as------------(Allelopathy)
1394.Sprinkler irrigation is also known as-------------(Overhead irrigation)
1395. Drip irrigation is also known as-------------(Trickle irrigation)
1396.Three or more crops raised in the same piece of land in one year in quick
succession is known as------------------(Relay cropping)
1397.Propagation through leaf cuttings is observed in--------------(Begonia/Sansevieria)
1398. Propagation through root cuttings is noticed in--------------(Bread fruit)
1399. Propagation through mound layering is observed in--------------(Papaya)
1400. Propagation through Approach grafting is observed in--------------(Mango/Sapota)
1401. Propagation through T-budding is observed in--------------(Rose/Citrus)
1402. Propagation through corms is observed in--------------(Gladiolus)
1403. Propagation through apomictic embryo is observed in--------------(Mango/Citrus)
1404. Propagation through stem tubers is observed in--------------(Potato)
1405. Propagation through patch budding is observed in--------------(Mango/Rubber)
1406. Propagation through air layering is observed in--------------(Litchi/Guava/Crotons)
1407.Mound layering is also known as---------------(Stool layering)
1408.-------------is a flowering tree(Cassia fistula/ Delonix regia)
1409.-------------is a foliage tree(Polyalthia longifolia)
1410.Acalypha , Hibiscus , Ixora are------------------(Ornamental shrubs)
1411.Albizzia is a-----------------(Ornamental shade tree)
1412.Bougainvillea is a------------------(Ornamental climber)
1413.-----------is a hedge plant(Lawsonia/Phyllanthus/Thuja)
1414.---------is an edge plant(Portulaca/Alternanthera)
1415.------------is an indoor garden in a glass box(TERRARIUM)
1416.Asexual propagation is also known as----------------------(Vegetative propagation)
1417.-----------------is the mushroom seed(Spawn)
1418.Sree Prakash & Sree Sahya are varieties of-----------------(Tapioca)
1419.Spacing recommended for Nendran variety of Banana(2m×2m)
1420.Bush pepper is raised from---------------of pepper(Lateral branches-plagiotropes)
1421.-------------is a draft breed of cattle(Hallikar/Amritmahal/Nagore)
1422.-------------is a dairy breed of cattle(Sahiwal/Sindhi/Gir)
1423.-------------is a dual purpose breed of cattle(Hariana/Ongole/Kankrej)
1424.---------is an exotic breed of cattle(Brown-swiss/Holstein-
Friesian/Ayrshire/Guernsey/Jersey)
1425.---------is the amount of food required by an animal during a 24 hour period(A
RATION)
1426.---------&-----------are main components of cattle feed stuffs(Concentrates &
Roughages)
1427.Cattle Feed produced from anaerobic fermentation?(SILAGE)
1428.Anthrax in cattle is caused by-----------------(Bacteria)
1429.Foot and Mouth disease in cattle is caused by-----------------(Virus)
1430.Rinderpest disease in cattle is caused by-----------------(Virus)
1431.’Operation Flood’ is a term related to----------------(Dairy development)
1432.Operation flood resulted in----------------(White revolution)
1433.Mastitis in cattle is caused by-----------------(Bacteria)
1434.--------------is a nutritional deficiency disease in cattle(KETOSIS)
1435.Ranikhet disease in poultry is caused by--------------(Virus)
1436.Avian influenza in poultry is caused by-----------------(H5N1 Virus)
1437.IBD in poultry is caused by------------------(Virus)
1438.---------------is an Indian breed of
poultry(Aseel/Chittagong/Ghagus/Karaknath/Tellicherry)
1439.-----------is an American class poultry(Rhode Island Red/New Hampshire/Plymouth
Rock/Wyandotte)
1440.-----------is an English class poultry(Australorp/Orpington/Sussex)
1441. .-----------is a Mediterranean class
poultry(Leghorn/Minorca/Ancona/Spanish/Andalusian)
1442.-----------is an Asiatic class poultry(Brahma/Cochin/Langshan)
1443.Meat Products India Ltd. Is located at---------------------(Koothattukulam)
1444.Kerala Livestock Development Board is located at--------------(Thiruvananthapuram)
1445.--------------is a breed of Goat(Malabari/Jamunapari/Angora)
1446.’TOT’ means?(Transfer of Technology)
1447.’Balwanth Rai Mehta Committee’ is associated with----------(Panchayathi Raj)
1448.------------are the grassroot level organizational setup of panchayathiraj
system(GRAMASABHAS)
1449.Expand ‘PRA’?(Participatory Rural Appraisal)
1450.Who is the father of Extension?(Auguste Comte)
1451.-------------is a mass contact method of
Extension(Newspapers/Television/Radio/Magazines/Bulletins)
1452.-----------is a Group contact method of Extension(Method demonstration/Field
trips/Workshops/Group discussion)
1453.------------is an Extension aid(Charts/Posters/Leaflets/Palmlets/Bulletin Board/Slide
show)
1454.’IADP’ means?(Integrated Area Development Programme)
1455.’HYVP’ means?(High Yielding Varieties Programme of 1970-71)
1456. What’s ‘SFDA’? (Small Farmers Development Agency)
1457.’AGMARK’ signifies----------------[Agricultural Produce(Grading & Marketing) Act]
1458.’CADA’ means----------?(Command Area Development Authority)
1459.’CYI’ means--------(Crop Yield Index)
1460.Expand ‘FAO’?(Food and Agriculture Organisation)
1461.’LDB’ means----------(Land Development Bank)
1462.’MFALDA’means--------(Marginal Farmers & Agricultural Labourers Development
Agency)
1463.’NABARD’ means---------(National Bank for Agriculture & Rural Development)
1464.’NAFED’ means-------(National Agricultural Co-operative Marketing Federation)
1465.’NREGP’ means---------(National Rural Employment Guarantee Programme)
1466.’NRY’ means--------(Nehru Rozgar Yojana)
1467.’PACS’ means-----------(Primary Agricultural Co-operative Credit Societies)
1468.’TRYSEM’ means---------(Training of Rural Youth for Self Employment)
1469.----------is an agricultural extension programme of India (HYVP/IADP/Training &
Visit/Group Farming)
1470.A seed is composed of------,-------&---------(Embryo , Endosperm & Seed coat)
1471.Ginger is propagated through-------------(Rhizomes)
1472.Rose is propagated by-----------------(Hardwood stem cuttings)
1473.Bougainvillea is propagated by-----------(Simple layering)
1474.Sexual propagation is the propagation through--------------(Seeds)
1475.----------propagates through root tubers (Sweet potato/Dahlia/Canna)
1476.------------plants are suited for Patch budding(Thick barked)
1477.Production of virus free plant is an advantage of---------(Seed propagation)
1478.-----------promotes root formation in layering(IBA)
1479.-------------plants show uniform characters(Vegetative propagated)
1480.Air layering was first practiced in-------------(China)
1481.’GOOTEE’ is another name of-------------(Air layering)
1482.Portion of a plant into which a bud or a portion of a branch is set is known as-----
(Root stock)
1483.--------cells have the ability to divide throughout the life of a plant (Meristematic
cells)
1484.’Splice’ & ‘Tongue’ are methods of-----------------(Approach grafting)
1485.The fertile female in a bee colony is known as--------------(TheQueen)
1486.In Honeybee colonies , fertile males are known as------------(Drones)
1487.----------is the largest Indian species of Honeybee (Rock Bee)
1488.------------is an insect pest of Mushroom (Phorid flies/Cecid flies)
1489.IRRI(International Rice Research Institute) is located at--------------(Manila ,
Philippines)
1490.Coryza & Marek’s disease are diseases affecting----------------(Poultry)
1491.’Ranikhet’ disease of poultry is also known as----------------(Newcastle disease)
1492.’Phycology’ is the study of----------------------(Algae)
1493.’Icthyology’ is the study of--------------------(Fishes)
1494.’Ornithology’ is the study of------------------(Birds)
1495.’Manihot esculenta’ is the scientific name of-------------------(Tapioca)
1496.’Oryza sativa’ is the scientific name of-------------------(Rice)
1497.’Cocos nucifera’ is the scientific name of-------------------(Coconut)
1498.Economic part of Clove ?(Flower bud)
1499.’King of Fruits’ is------------------------------(Mango)
1500.Poorman’s Orange is----------------------(Tomato)
1501.Method of cultivating plants using nutrient solution without soil is known as---------
(Hydroponics)
1502.Central Tuber Crops Research Institute (CTCRI) is located at---------------(Sreekaryam
, Thiruvananthapuram)
1503.Sesamum is grown as a --------crop in third crop season of Onattukara (Catch crop)
1504.Pepper Research Station of Kerala is located at------------(Panniyoor , Kannoor)
1505.Progeny orchards are a part of---------------(Agricultural Nursery)
1506.Identical plants developed from a single mother plant vegetatively are known as---
-----(Clones)
1507.--------------is the embryonic root of a plant(Radicle)
1508. The portion of the plant embryo giving rise to the first true leaves is known as------
--(Plumule)
1509. ------------plants produce seeds that germinate before they detach from the
parent(Viviparous plants)
1510.Scarification is a method to promote-----------------------------(Germination)
1511.----------- is the process of subjecting seeds to both cold and moist conditions to
promote germination (Stratification)
1512.Coconut is a------------------crop (Cross pollinated)
1513.------------is the mode of vegetative reproduction in Rubber (Budding)
1514.Soft wood grafting is practiced in--------------------(Cashew)
1515. The act of identifying and removing undesired plants from agricultural fields is
known as-------(Roguing)
1516.National Seed Corporation (NSC) came into existence in-------------------------(1963)
1517.---------------is used for irrigating the seed bed (Rosecan)
1518.--------------is a garden tool used for pruning in Rose (Secateur)
1519.----------is a garden tool used for pruning and topiary ( Shear )
1520. A building with glass walls and roof; for the cultivation and exhibition of plants
under controlled conditions is known as ------------------(Greenhouse)
1521.------------- is a hardening structure wherein plants root after taken out from the in
vitro media (Mist chamber)
1521. -----------is the structure where plants can be hardened for rooting and
acclimatization(Greenhouse)
1522.-------&-------are structures used to harden plants in a agricultural nursery
(Greenhouses & Mist chambers)
1523.Most attractive Orchids belong to the group of------- (Epiphytes)
1524.------------------is a rooting hormone (IAA/NAA/IBA)
1525.------is an eg. for obligate apomicts (Mangosteen)
1526.---------- is an eg. for facultative apomicts (Mango , Orange)
1527.Vegetative propagation through ‘runner’ is noticed in---------(Strawberry/Centella)
1528.’Runner shoots’ are used for propagation in------------------(Pepper)
1529.-----------is the most effective way of propagation in Rubber (Budding)
1530.Tissue culture is a ----------------method of propagation (Vegatative)
1531. Vegetative propagation through ‘Bulbs’ is noticed in---------(Tuberose/Onion)
1532.-------------is the basis of plant tissue culture (Totipotency)
1533.The concept of Totipotency was originally presented by-------------in 1902( Gottlieb
Haberlandt)
1534.------- is the most commonly used medium in plant tissue culture experiments
(Murashige & Skoog medium)
1535.Plant part used for micro-propagation? (Explant)
1536.In plant tissue culture ,’HEPA’ means---------(High Efficiency Particulate Air)
1537.Plant tissue culture techniques are performed in-------------cabinet(Laminar Air Flow
Chamber)
1538.Plant hormones that regulate plant growth, particularly by stimulating cell
elongation?(Auxin)
1539.Naturally occurring Auxin is----------------------(IAA)
1540. -------- are a class of plant hormones that promote cell division in plant roots and
shoots(Cytokinin)
1541.------------ is a plant hormone used to promote stem elongation& seed
germination(Gibberellin)
1542.-------------is known as the ‘plant stress hormone’ causing inhibition to plant growth
(Abscisic acid-ABA)
1543.------------is a plant hormone in gaseous form(Ethylene)
1544.Who developed pH scale? (S.P.L Sorensen)
1545.--------------is a gelling agent in culture medium (Agar)
1546.What’s SH medium?(Schenk – Hildebrandt medium)
1547.’Meristem culture’ is a method of-------------(Tissue culture)
1548. ’Meristem culture’ technique was developed by---------------------(George Morel)
1549.------------can be utilized to produce virus free plants(Meristem culture)
1550. A trangenic plant containing genes from both potato and tomato plants?
(POMATO)
1551. variation seen in plants that have been produced by plant tissue culture-----
(Somoclonal variation)
1552.Plants that have been genetically produced using recombinant DNA techniques is
called---------(Transgenic plants)
1553.’GMO’ means?(Genetically Modified Organism)
1554.-----------is useful in Cryopreservation (Liquid Nitrogen)
1555.Sphagnum moss is used as a-------------in Nursery (Growing media)
1556.Perlite & Vermiculite are used as----------------------------(Nursery Growing Media)
1557.Who coined the term ‘HORMONE’? (Ernest starling)
1558.-----------is an Auxin used as a herbicide (2,4-D)
1559.’Zeatin’ is a-------------(Cytokinin)
1560.--------------is a plant hormone that regulates theripening of fruits , the opening of
flowers and the shedding) of leaves (Ethylene)
1561.Semi-hardwood cuttings are used as vegetative propagating material in------------
(Tea/Croton/Hibiscus)
1562.Hardwood cuttings are used as vegetative propagating material in------------
(Rose/Grapes/Bougainvillea/Mulberry)
1563.Herb-softwood cuttings are used as vegetative propagating material in------------
(Coleus/Begonia/Chrysanthemum/Pepper)
1564.----------is the vegetative propagation method adopted in Blackberry & Raspberry
(Layering)
1565.Simple layering is practiced in------------------------(Rose/Jasmine)
1566.Serpentine layering is practiced in-------------(Wisteria /Clematis)
1567. Trench layering is practiced in-------------(Apple /Plum/Cherry)
1568. Air layering is practiced in-------------(Jasmine/Hibiscus/Guava/Cashew/Sapota)
1569.Approach grafting is practiced in-----------(Mango/Sapota/Artocarpus)
1570.’Side veneer grafting’is practiced in------------(Mango)
1571.Splice grafting , Saddle grafting and Whip & Tongue grafting are practiced in----------
---(Apple/Pear)
1572. Cleft grafting is practiced in---------------(Appe/Grapes)
1573. Stone grafting is practiced in-------------(Cashew/Mango)
1574. Stone grafting is otherwise known as-------------(Epicotyl grafting)
1575.’T’ budding is otherwise known as----------------(Shield budding)
1576. ’T’ budding is practiced in----------------(Rose/Citrus)
1577.Inverted ‘T’ budding is observed in---------(Rose)
1578.Patch budding & Flap budding are practiced in-------------(Rubber)
1579. Ring budding is practiced in-------------(Rubber/Ber/Cherry/Cinchona)
1580.Flute budding is practiced in-------------(Rubber/Ber/Cherry)
1581.Chip budding is practiced in-------------(Grapes)
1582.Root pruning is a part of--------------(Bonsai)
1583.’Disbudding’ is practiced in------------------(Chrysanthemum)
1584.---------is an eg. for cut flowers (Rose/Orchid/Gladiolus/Anthurium)
1585.’HYBRID TEA’ is a variety of-------------(Rose)
1586.Polyantha , Grandiflora & Floribunda are types of-------------(Rose)
1587.--------- is the world's leading exporter of Roses (Netherlands)
1588.-------------roses are used as hedges (Floribunda)
1589.------------is regarded as the queen of flowers (Rose)
1590.Floribunda roses are a cross between------&---------(Hybrid tea rose & Polyantha
rose)
1591.------is a cross between Hybrid tea rose & Floribunda rose(Grandiflora rose)
1592.’Miniature roses’ are otherwise known as-------------(Baby roses)
1593.’Dieback disease’ in Rose is caused by-----------(Fungus)
1594.Aparajitha & Chandrama are varieties of------------------(Chrysanthemum)
1595.----------is a terrestrial orchid(Arandina/Spathogottis)
1596.----------is an epiphytic
orchid(Dendrobium/Oncidium/Cattleya/Cymbidium/Phalaenopsis)
1597. .----------is an saprohytic orchid(Neotia/Microstylis)
1598.----------is a lithophytic orchid (Diplomeris/Geodorum)
1599.---------is a subterranean orchid (Rhizanthella)
1600.----------is known as underground orchid (Rhizanthella)
1601.----------is a monopodial orchid ( Vanda/Arachnis/Vanilla/Renanthera)
1602.----------is a sympodial orchid ( Dendrobium/Cattleya/Oncidium)
1603.-----------is a spider orchid(Arachnis/Renanthera)
1604.------------orchid are known as ‘Dancing girl’ (Oncidium)
1605.’Moth orchids’ belong to--------------group(Phalaenopsis)
1606.’Keikis’ are propagating plantlets of------------------(Sympodial orchids)
1607.------------is an orchid plant made through meristem culture (Mericlone)
1608.Micropropagation through tissue culture is popular in-----------(Anthurium)
1609.Corms & Cormels are the planting materials of ------------(Gladiolus)
1610.------------are Superior quality cut flowers (Extra class)
1611.’Pulsing’ is performed to increase the post harvest life of----------(Cut flowers)
1612.---------is useful in increasing the post harvest life of cut flowers(Cytokinin)
1613.------------ensures quality of cut flowers while transporting to distant places
(Precooling)
1614.’Gerbera’ is-------------(Cut flower)
1615.-----------is an eg. for formal gardens(Mughal garden/Italian garden/Vrindavan
garden/Persian garden)
1616.---------is an eg. for formal gardens (English garden/Japanese garden)
1617.------------is the most common grass utilized for lawn making in India (Cyanodon
dactylon- Doob grass)
1618.---------can be grown as a hedge plant
(Polyalthia/Casuarina/Acalypha/Phyllanthus/Bougainvillea)
1619.---------is an edge plant (Alternanthera/Gerbera/Miniature Rose)
1620. clipping or trimming of live shrubs or trees into decorative shapes, as of animals
is known as--------(Topiary)
1621. An arbor formed of columns supporting trelliswork on which climbing plants are
often trained is known as-------------(Pergola)
1622. A garden set below the level of the ground surrounding it is called-----------(Sunken
garden)
1623. ----------is a garden in which rocks are arranged and plants cultivated in a carefully
designed, decorative scheme (Rockery/Rock garden)
1624.---------is an indoor garden plant(Money
plant/Ficus/Caladium/Agave/Adiantum/Aglaonema)
1625.---------is any activity that modifies the visible features of an area of land, including
living elements such as flora or fauna (Landscaping)
1626.------------ is the art of growing trees or woody plants shaped as trees in containers
(Bonsai)
1627.Bonsai was originated in---------& popularized in---------(China , Japan)
1628.--------is a tee species suitable for Bonsai making
(Cashew/Mango/Sapota/Tamarind)
1629.--------is an ornamental plant suitable for Bonsai making
(Bougainvillea/Allamanda/Cassia/Musanda/Saraca)
1630.’Wiring , Clamping & Leaf trimming ‘ are some techniques of------------(Bonsai )
1631.’Formal upright , Cascade & Semi-cascade ‘ are various styles of------------(Bonsai )
1632.--------------- is the art of creating miniature landscapes (Saikei )
1633.-------------is an ornamental shrub (Duranta)
1634.-----------plants do not have either seeds or flowers ( Fern )
1635.------------is an ornamental foliage plant
(Aocasia/Aglonema/Caladium/Crotons/Dieffenbachia/Dracaena/Ficus/Fittonia/Marant
a/Sansevieria/Tradescantia/Begonia)
1636.-------- is a specialized garden for the cultivation and display of fern (Fernery)
1637.Adiantum & Nephrolepis are-----------------(Ferns)
1638.’Cymbidium mosaic ‘ is a disease affecting----------------(Orchids)
1639.’Wydate’is a-----------------------(Molluscicide)
1640.’Kacholam’ is propagated through--------------( Rhizomes)
1641.-----------is a source of Cancer drug (Periwinkle)
1642.---------is an excellent soil conserving crop (Vetiver )
1643.A working soil sample weighs------------(500 gm)
1644.Depth of soil sampling under ordinary farming conditions?(15 cm)
1645.Depth of soil sampling for areas having perennial crops?(25 cm)
1646.’Kottanadan’ is a variety of--------------(Pepper)
1647.’RATOL’ is a ----------------------(Rodenticide)
1648.’Aromatic and Medicinal Plants Research Station’ is located at-----------------
(Odakkali)
1649.’SEPTEMBER’ is a variety of-----------------(Cabbage)
1650.In Kerala , Potato & Garlic are cultivated in---------------(Vattavada & Kanthalloor
localities of Idukki)
1651.’MAHYCO’ is a------------------(Seed Company)
1652.’ETHEPHON’ is a------------------(Plant Growth Regulator)
1653.-----------is a non symbiotic nitrogen fixing bacteria (Azotobacter/Blue Green Algae)
1654.’Anabaena azollae’ is a----------------(Bio-fertilizer)
1655.’Anabaena’ is a----------------(Blue Green Algae)
1656.-----------is a associative nitrogen fixing bacteria (Azospirillum )
1657.---------is a hemoprotein found in the root nodules of leguminous plants
(Leghaemoglobin)
1658.’K-2’ is a variety of--------------------------( Mulberry )
1659. Reserpine is isolated from the roots of ------------(Rauwolfia)
1660. ‘Soviet Chinchilla’ & ‘New zealand white’ are breeds of-------------(Rabbit)
1661.’Vigova’ & ‘Khaki Campbell’ are breeds of -------------(Duck)
1662.’Gros Michel’ is a variety of------------------(Banana)
1663.’San Ramon’ is a variety of------------------(Coconut)
1664.----------- is a popular garden fruit tree (Rambuttan)
1665.’Mokara’ & ‘Aerides’ are------------------(Orchids)
1666.-------------is known as the Cat's-tail Orchid(Aerides)
1667.Mushrooms are fleshy fruiting bodies of------------(Fungi)
1668.-----------is an erosion resisting crop (Vetiver)
1669.’Dasheri’ is a variety of-----------------------(Mango)
1670.’FPO’means-----------------------(Fruit Products Order-1955)
1671.-----------------can be used as a food preservative (Benzoic acid & Sulphur
dioxide/Sodium benzoate/Potassium Meta bisulphate)
1672.----------is a stoneless variety of Mango(Sindhu)
1673.’Mulgoa’ is variety of---------------------(Mango)
1674.----------------is known as the ‘QUEEN OF FRUITS’ (Pineapple)
1675.-----------is applied to induce flowering in pineapple (Ethephon)
1676.Solarization is practiced in potting mixture preparation for -----------nurseries
(Pepper)
1677.Indian Institute of Spices Research is located at------------------(Kozhikode)
1678.Spices Board Head Quarters is located at--------------------(Cochin)
1679.’VFPCK’ means--------------(Vegetable and Fruit Promotion Council Kerala)
1680.’Narayakodi’ & ‘Kumbhakodi’ are varieties of---------------(Pepper)
1681.------------------promotes root growth in plants (Phosphorus)
1682.Nutrient that enhances disease resistance of plants?(Potassium)
1683.-------------helps in Chlorophyll synthesis(Sulphur)
1683.Chlorophyll contains---------------------(Magnesium)
1684.--------------introduced cashew to India (Portuguese)
1685.---------------is known as ‘WONDER NUT’ (Cashew nut)
1686.-------------is a food preservative (Citric acid)
1687.---------------is the centre of origin of Black Pepper (India-Kerala)
1688.Gramalakshmi ,Gramapriya , Athulya are breeds of----------------------(Poultry)
1689.------------is known as Button mushroom (Agaricus)
1690.-----------is the most expensive mushroom (Shitake Mushroom )
1691.Father of Organic Farming? (Sir Albert Howard)
1692. Father of Biodynamic farming ? (Rudolf Steiner )
1693.’Panchagavyam’ is associated with------------------------(Biodynamic farming)
1694.’Manchurian Golden’ is a breed of-----------------------(Japanese Quail)
1695.National Centre for Mushroom Research and Training is located at---------------(Solan
, Himachal Pradesh)
1696.’SRI’ means-------------(System of Rice Intensification )
1697.International Crop Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) is
located at------------(Hyderabad , Andhra Pradesh)
1698.Expand ’IFFCO’? (Indian Farmers Fertilizer Cooperative Limited)
1699.Expand ‘CGIAR’ ? (The Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research )
1700.National Biodiversity Authority is located at----------------(Chennai)
1701.Directorate of Rice Research is located at---------------(Hyderabad)
1702.Indian Institute of Pulses Research is located at---------------(Kanpur , Uttar Pradesh)
1703.Directorate of Sorghum Research is located at---------------(Hyderabad)
1704.Expand ‘GIS’? (Geographical Information System )
1705.Central Plantation Crops Research Institute(CPCRI) is located at--------------------
(Kasargode)
1706.’FMD’ means-------------(Foot & Mouth Disease)
1707.National Botanical Research Institute is located at---------------(Lucknow , Uttar
Pradesh)
1708.Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute(CMFRI) is located at----------(Cochin ,
Kerala)
1709.Centre for Sustainable Agriculture is located at------------(Secunderabad , Andhra
Pradesh)
1710.Which is the smallest flowering plant?( Wolffia )
1711.Name the tree whose wood is used to make cricket bats ? (Willow)
1712.Who is the father of Pedology? (Dokuchaev)
1713.The year 2010 is declared as international year of------------- by the United Nations
(Biodiversity)
1714.The year 2004 was declared as international year of------------- by the United Nations
(RICE)
1715.’Silent Valley National Park’ is located at-------------------district of Kerala (Palakkad )
1716.------------is the soil type having maximum fertility (Alluvial soil )
1717.All India Soil and Land Use Survey Head Quarters is located at-----------( Ranchi ,
Jharkhand)
1718.--------is the soil type most suited for Rice cultivation (Alluvial soil)
1719.--------is the soil type most suited for Rubber cultivation (Laterite soil)
1720.-------------is known as ‘Black Gold’ (Petroleum)
1721.------------is the study of trees (Dendrology )
1722.----------- is the ancient Chinese art of growing trees and plants kept small similar to
Bonsai (PENJING)
1723.National tree of India? (Banyan tree- Ficus benghalensis)
1724. ----------is known as "the tree of a thousand uses” ? (Coconut)
1725.World’s largest tree? (General Sherman tree , a Giant Sequoia)
1726.Quinine is obtained from the bark of--------------(Cinchona tree)
1727.pH value of pure water? (7-Neutral)
1728.’Jai Jawan Jai Kisan ‘ was a slogan given by-------------(Lal Bahadur Shastri)
1729.’Jai Jawan Jai Kisan Jai Vigyan ‘ was a slogan given by-------------(Atal Bihari
Vajpayee)
1730.’MILK PAIL OF INDIA’? (HARYANA)
1731.World’s highest production dairy animal? (Holstein Friesian)
1732.Most abundant & successful group of animals on earth? (Insects)
1733.’Vincristin’which is useful in treatment of Blood Cancer is extracted from--------
(Savam Nari- Catheranthus roseus)
1734.Cultivation of flowering and ornamental plants is known as------------(Floriculture)
1735.Most expensive spice in the world? (Saffron)
1736.----------is known as the flowering hormone (Florigen)
1737.Largest Flower in the world? (Rafflesia arnoldii)
1738.Hibiscus is otherwise known as---------------(Chinese Rose)
1739.National Flower of India? (Lotus)
1740.Official flower of Kerala?(Kanikonna-Cassia fistula)
1741.Official tree of Kerala? (Coconut)
1742.-----------is the Japanese art of flower arrangement (IKEBANA)
1743.Which country is known as the ‘Land of Tulips’ ? (Netherlands)
1744.’Silver revolution’ is associated with-------------(Egg production)
1745.’Namakkal’ is a place in Tamil Nadu famous for-------------(Egg production)
1746.Highest egg producing state of India? (Andhra Pradesh)
1747.Largest producing cereal crop of the world? (Maize)
1748.Which is the world’s most widely cultivated cereal crop ? (Wheat)
1749.’Granary of India’? (Punjab)
1750.’India’s Bread Basket’? (Punjab)
1751.’Rice Granary of India’? (Andhra Pradesh)
1752.’Granary of Kerala’? (Palakkad)
1753.’Rice bowl of Kerala’? (Kuttanad)
1754.Place where Rice is cultivated below Mean Sea Level ? (Kuttanad)
1755.--------&--------are the spice districts of Kerala (Idukki & Wayanad)
1756.----------district stands first in production of Coconut in Kerala (Kozhokode)
1757.Largest Rice producing state of Kerala? (Palakkad)
1758.------------is the leading producer of Coconut in India (Kerala)
1759.Which Indian state is known as the’Spice garden of India’? (Kerala)
1760.A medicinal Variety of Rice? (Njavara)
1761.Central Rice Research Institute is located at--------------(Cuttack , Orissa)
1762.’Golden Rice’ is rich in-------------------(Vitamin A)
1763.------------is the leading producer of Wheat in the World (China)
1764.------------is the leading producer of Millets in the World (India)
1765.’World Earth Day’ is observed on----------------(April 22)
1766.’International Day of Biodiversity ’ is observed on----------------(May 22)
1767.The year 2008 was declared as international year of the------------- by the United
Nations (Potato)
1768.Farmer’s day is observed nationally on-------------(December 23)
1769.National flower of USA? (Rose)
1770.-------- is the agricultural practice of breeding and raising domestic rabbits
(Cuniculture)
1771.Which country is the world’s largest producer of cashew nuts ? (Vietnam)
1772.India’s global position in the production of natural Rubber (4th)
1773.Which country is the world’s largest producer of Lemons & Limes ? (India)
1774.Which country is the world’s largest producer of Oranges ? (Brazil)
1775.American Agricultural Scientist who won Nobel Peace Prize in 1970? (Norman E.
Borlaug)
1776.Father of ‘Green revolution’? (Norman E. Borlaug)
1777.’Father of the green revolution in India’? (Dr.M.S. Swaminathan)
1778.The largest tea producing state of India? (Assam)
1779.’FAO’headquarters is located at------------------(Rome ,Italy)
1780.’IFAD’ means? (International Fund for Agricultural Development)
1781.’IFAD’headquarters is located at------------------(Rome ,Italy)
1782.--------------is known as the ‘MUSHROOM CITY OF INDIA’ (SOLAN , Himachal
Pradesh)
1783.’DESTROYING ANGEL’ is a-------------------(Poisonous Mushroom)
1784.------------is a toxic mushroom genus (Amanita)
1785.In India ,Community Development Programme was started in the year---------(1952)
1786.’AAY’ means---------------(Antyodaya Anna Yojana)
1787.Spencer Hatch is associated with-------------(Marthandam project)
1788.’Sriniketan experiment ‘ is associated with---------(Rabindranath Tagore)
1789.’Sevagram Rural Development Programme’ is associated with------------(Mahatma
Gandhi)
1790.’Nilokheri project ‘ is associated with---------(S.K Dey)
1791.Expand ‘IRDP’ ? (Integrated Rural Development Programme)
1792.Expand ‘MGNREGA’?(Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee
Act)
1793.----------is the man behind MGNREGA(Dr.Jean Dreze , a Belgian born economist)
1794.------------is the most widely cultivated crop of Kerala (Coconut)
1795.Which district of Kerala has maximum area under Rubber cultivation? (Kottayam)
1796.-----------is a pension project for farmers implemented by the Government of Kerala
(Kisan Abhiman)
1797.Largest Cashew nut producing district of Kerala? (Kannoor)
1798.Expand ‘CAPEX’?(Kerala Cashew Workers Apex Industrial Co-operative Society ,
Headquarters-Kollam)
1799.Kerala’s first Coir factory was started in 1859 at--------------(Alappuzha)
1800.Central Coir Research Institute is located at--------------(Kalavoor , Alappuzha)
1801.Expand ‘TBGRI’? (Tropical Botanical Garden & Research Institute , Palode ,
Thiruvananthapuram)
1802.Who is the present union minister for Agriculture? (Sharad Pawar)
1803.Who is the Director General of Indian Council of Agricultural Research?
(Dr.Mangala Rai)
1804.Who is the chairman of ‘National Commission on Farmers’ ? (Dr.M.S
Swaminathan)
1805.Who is the present minister for Agriculture in Kerala?(Mullakkara Ratnakaran)
1806.Chairman of NABARD? (Umesh Chandra Sarangi)
1807.NABARD was established on-----------------(1982 July12)
1808.Head Office of NABARD is located at----------------------(Mumbai)
1809.----------is known as ‘the island of cloves’? (Zanzibar)
1810.-----------is known as ‘the spice garden ‘ of Kerala (Idukki)
1811.The Rs.1840 crore Kuttanad Package was proposed by----------(Dr.M.S
Swaminathan commission)
1812.Expand ‘IRMA’? (Institute of Rural Management Anand)
1813.’IRMA’ is licated at----------------(Anand, Gujarath)
1814.Number of Krishi Bhavans in Kerala? (1046)
1815.First agricultural university of India was established in------------(1960)
1816.----------is India’s first agricultural university ( Uttar Pradesh Agricultural University
later known as Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture & Technology)
1817.Development in different sectors of Agriculture especially fruits & vegetables is
referred to as-------(Rainbow revolution)
1818.’White revolution ‘ refers to self sufficiency in producing---------------(Milk)
1819.’GALASA’ means? (Group Approach to Locally Adopted & Sustainable Agriculture)
1820.Soybean contains------------------% protein (35-40%)
1821.Who is the father of ‘Modern Plant Pathology’? (Anton de Bary)
1822.World Coconut day is observed on-------------?(September 2)
1823.United Nation’s Climate Summit was held on December 2009 at------------
(Coppenhagen , Denmark)
1824.World’s biggest seed company? (Monsanto)
1825.Terminator Seed Technology was developed by--------(Delta & Pine Land Company ,
USA which was later acquired by Monsanto)
1826.----------is World’s leading producer of agricultural commodities (China)
1827.----------is World’s leading producer of Cardamom (Guatemala)
1828.----------is World’s leading producer of Black Pepper (Vietnam)
1829. .----------is World’s leading producer of Vanilla (Madagascar)
1830.Expand ‘USDA’? (United States Department of Agriculture)
1831.’SRI’method in Rice is also known as-----------(Madagascar method)
1832.Crescograph was invented by-----? (Jagadish Chandra Bose )
1833.Coconut water is rich in --------------(Cytokinins)
1834.A plant hormone in gaseous state? (Ethylene)
1835.------------is used for ripening the fruit artificially (Calcium carbide)
1836.-------------causes inhibition of root growth (Auxin)
1837.Cauliflower’s economic part ‘head’ is essentially a------------(Flower)
1838.Cabbage’s economic part is------------(Green leaves)
1839.’John F Kennedy’ is a variety of-------------(Rose)
1840.Which variety of Mango is known as ‘the king of Mangoes’? (Alphonso)
1841.Which variety of Mango is known as ‘the queen of Mangoes’? (Kesar)
1842. What is ‘the queen of fruits’? (Mangosteen)
1843.A seedless variety of Pomegranate? (Ganesh)
1844.A seedless variety hybrid of Mango? (Sindhu)
1845. science , production and study of grapes ? (VITICULTURE)
1846.--------------is the cultivation of forest trees (SILVICULTURE)
1847.Spice crop containing highest % of fat? (NUTMEG)
1848.--------- is the second most expensive spice after saffron (Vanilla)
1849.------------is an artificially pollinated Spice crop(Vanilla)
1850.’BRS-1 & BRS-2 ‘are varieties of-------------------(Banana)
1851.’Karthika’ is a variety of--------developed by RRS , Moncompu (Rice)
1852.Study of algae is known as--------------(PHYCOLOGY)
1853.Study of flowers is known as--------------(ANTHOLOGY )
1854.Father of tissue culture? (GOTTLIEB HABERLANDT)
1855.Who was the first recipient of World Food Prize created by Norman Borlaug ?
(Dr.M.S Swaminathan in 1987)
1856.’The One Straw Revolution’ is a book on natural farming by---------(Masanobu
Fukuoka)
1857.Who is regarded as the father of natural farming? (Masanobu Fukuoka)
1858.Father of Bacteriology? (Louis Pasteur)
1859.Father of Virology? (Martinus Willem Beijerink)
1860. Father of Microbiology ? (Antonie van Leeuwenhoek)
1861.Headquarters of the ‘Cardamom Board’ is located at------------(Kottayam)
1862.Chairperson of National Dairy Development Board(NDDB)? (Dr.Amrita Patel)
1863.’Aryan’ & ‘Sabari’ are varieties of------------(Rice)
1864.India’s global position in agricultural production? (2nd)
1865.Centre of origin of Sugarcane? (India)
1866.’Blue revolution’ is related to--------------(Fish production)
1867.‘Silver revolution’ is associated with-------(Egg & poultry)
1868.‘Yellow revolution’ is associated with-------(Edible oils)
1869.‘Pink revolution’ is associated with-------(Prawns)
1870.‘White revolution’ is associated with-------(Milk & Dairy products)
1871.‘Golden revolution’ is associated with-------(Fruits)
1872.‘Grey revolution’ is associated with-------(Fertilizer production)
1873.‘Red revolution’ is associated with-------(Meat production)
1874.’Garden city of India’? (Bangalore)
1875.’Nek Chand’s Rock Garden’ is located at-----------------(Chandigarh)
1876.’Jaffrabadi’ is a breed of-------------------(Buffalo)
1877.Tharparkar is a-----------breed of cattle (Dual purpose)
1878.--------is a draught breed of cattle (Amrit Mahal/ Nagori/Malvi/ Khillari/ Kangayam/
Krishna Valley / Hallikar)
1879.’Mehsana’is a breed of-----------------(Buffalo)
1880.Essential Commodities Act was formulated in the year----------(1955)
1881.-----------is a short duration variety of Rice (Annapurna/Mattathriveni/Makam)
1882.’SAS-1 & Samridhi ‘ are varieties of------------(Arecanut)
1883.Expand ‘RRII’? (Rubber Research Institute of India)
1884.Expand ‘RRIM’? (Rubber Research Institute of Malaysia)
1885.Commercially cultivated cultivar of Oil Palm is---------(Tenera)
1886.A young cucumber suitable for pickling? (Gherkin)
1887.’Pollarding’ is---------------------(A technique of pruning trees)
1888.Dry preserved flower petals with fragrance is called---------(Potpourri)
1889.Breadfruit is vegetatively propagated by--------------(Root cuttings)
1890.Plants produced from the callus of a single explants? (Caliclone)
1891.Gibberellins were discovered by-----------(Korosova of Japan)
1892.A cucurbit used in confectionary? (Ash Gourd)
1893.A drought tolerant vegetable? (Chekkurmanis)
1894.The main features of British gardens are------------(Lawn)
1895.--------------is a cut foliage plant (Alocasia/Maranta/Thuja)
1896.Cropping System Research Station under Kerala Agricultural University is located
at-------(Karamana , Thiruvananthapuram)
1897.Agronomic Research Station under Kerala Agricultural University is located at-------
(Chalakkudy ,Thrissur)
1898.Sugarcane Research Station under Kerala Agricultural University is located at-------
(Thiruvalla)
1899.Farming System Research Station under Kerala Agricultural University is located
at-------(Sadanandapuram , Kottarakkara , Kollam)
1900.Present Vice-chancellor of the Kerala Agricultural University? (K.R Viswambharan)

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS :-

001 Arka Swetha is a variety of (Grapes)

002. The country producing largest quantity of small cardamom (Guatemala)
003. ‘GMO’ means--------------------------( Genetically Modified Organisms )
004. One of the following fruits is tolerant to high salt content in the soil (Date Palm)
005. ‘Exanthema’ in citrus is due to the deficiency of (Copper)
006 Vanilla plants are very sensitive towards (Root disturbance)
007 ‘The die-back disease in citrus is due to the deficiency of an element also’ Name it ?
(Copper)
008 A hybrid variety of grape Anab-e-Shahi X Bangalore Blue is (Arka hans)
009 Arka Gaurav and Arka Mohini are varieties of (Chillies)
010 The training system of grapes followed in Tamil Nady (Pandal system)
011 Cashew Research Station is located at (Anakkayam)
012 A cashew variety (Dhara)
013 Grapes can be stored for 40-45 days at a tempeturere of (-2 to 1.5o c)
014 Rose is commercially propagated by (Budding)
015 Semicascade, cascade and slanting are forms of training (Bonsai)
016 The yield of guava per ha is (12-15 tonnes)
017 A fruit ripen only after harvest is (Avocado)
018 A nut with no cholesterol (Nutmeg)
019 A dwarfing root stock of apple is (M-9)
020 In Kerala the seed certification officer is the Additional Director of Agriculture for
(Crop
Production)
021 The Powers of seed inspection is entrusted with ------- in all districts ( Assistant
Director
Of Agriculture (QC)
022 The Progency of breeder seed is ------------------- ( Foundation seed)
023 The year in which the NSC(National Seed Corporation) was started (1963)
024 The year from which the Seed Act 1966 came into force throughout the country
(1969)
025 No. of seed testing laboratories working in Kerala (2)
026 The Central Seed Testing laboratory is located in (Varanasi & Nagpur)
027 In India seed certification is ……………(Voluntary)
028 In India seed labeling is ----------------- ( compulsory)
029 The prescribed minimum germination percentage for paddy seed is(80%)
030 The colour of the tag prescribed for foundation seed (white)
031 The minimum germination percentage prescribed as for cucumber seed is(60%)
032 The % of pure seed prescribed as per minimum seed certification standards (1971)
for truthfylly labeled paddy seed (97%)
033 A multinational seed company (Du Pont/ Delta & Pineland)
034 The isolation distance prescribed for the production of Hybrid Paddy seeds
(Foundation Class-200 metres , Certified class 100 metres)
035 Factors influencing loss of viability of paddy seeds – (moisture content, storage
temperate, Gas exchange, Physical condition of seed, light, microflora, fungicides)
036 Seed recovery percentage for cucumber (1%)
037 HYVP was stated in …………. (1966)
038 Seed Act 1966 was passed on ……………… (29-12-1966)
039 Minimum germination for quality paddy seed is ………………………. (80%)
040 ‘CRIDA’ located at ………………………….. (Hyderabad)
041 Annual rainfall of Kerala ………………. (300cm)
042 A crop suitable for acid soil ………….(Rice)
043 Element which induces stiffness in straw ………. (Calcium)
044 Green manure crop suited to saline alkali soils……………. (Crotalaria Juncea)
045 A soil havng more sodium salt is …………………(Alkali soil)
046 A disease due to virus in rice …………………. (Tungro)
047 Khaira disease due to deficiency of ……………………in paddy (Zinc)
048 Cause of low productivity of Kari soil is due to ………………………… Low PH
049 An element not essential but useful to rice (Silicon)
050 Tolerance to sheath blight is increased in paddy by ……………. (Potassium fertilizer)
051 India has an arable land of-----------------( 168 million hectares)
052 …………..require more splits of N application (coarse textured soils)
053 Ammoniacal fertilizers are not ideal for …………..soil (alkaline)
054 Mixing neemcake with urea enhances …………………..(Nutrient Use Efficiency)
055 ………………….. helps to reduce Phosphorus fixation in arid soils (Liming)
056 ……………..proposed the criteria of nutrient essentiality (Arnon)
057 Structural formula for urea is …………… (NH2-CO-NH2)
058 Gaseous loss of N occurs through …………&…………(Volatalization and Denitrification)
059 ………………………….coined the term ‘functional mutrient’ (Nicholas)
060 Organic matter status is …………………..in tropical soils (less)
061 Phosphorus fixation is more in …………………. While Potassium fixation is more in
……………… (Kaolinite, montmorillonite)
062 ……………..is an important index of soil fertility in arid soils (Base saturation)
063 Excess ammoniacal fertilizers favour accumulation of ………..in soil (NO2)
064 Fresh urea is recommended for ……………application (foliar)
065 Excess Phosphorus reduces availability of …….& ……… (Fe and Zn)
066 The authors of the book “Manual on Irrigation Agronomy” are (Misra & Ahmed)
067 The author of the book “Irrigation Principles and Practices” is (Israelson)
068 …………………is the journal published by Indian Society of Water Management (Journal
of Water Management)
069 --------- was the first exclusive meteorological satellite built by ISRO (METSAT)
070 The CPE value for scheduling irrigation at IW/CPE of 0.5 with 5 cm irrigation water
is ….. (10)
071 The apparent diameter of the water molecule is …..mm (0.25)
072 The high boiling point and high heat of vaporization of water are due to ……
(Hydrogen bonding)
073 ICRISAT is located at (Hyderabad)
074 The soil depth from which the crop extracts most of the water needed for meeting
the consumptive use requirement is (effective root zone depth)
075 the ultimate irrigation potential of India is ……………..million ha (113.5)
076 The percentage of nitrogen in Ammonium phosphate? (20)
077 The ratio of the volume of soil pores to volume of soil solids is (Void ratio)
078 ‘Njallani’ is known as a wonder variety of-----------(Cardamom)
079 Indian Cardamom Research Institute is located at(Myladumpara , Idukki)
080 ……………..is the method used by Vamadevan and Dasthane to study the components
of water loss in rice. (Drumculture)
081 Cofee Board of India is located at------------(Bangalore)
082 The most important critical period of maize is ……………………………….. (Tasselling and
sulking)
083 Garden city of India? (Bangalore)
084 ‘PFA’ means----------------( Prevention of Food Adulteration Act of 1954 )
85 The moisture content of soil between Field Capacity and Permanent Wilting Point is
called …….. (Availble moisture)
086 In soil science ,‘WHC’ means? (Water Holding Capacity)
087 The annual groundwater resource of India is ……………………M ha m (50)
088 ------is first in production of Pulses & Soybean in India (Madhya Pradesh)
089 India’s food grain production (2008-09) was (233.88 million tones)
090 The effective flow velocity at unit hydraulic gradiant is called (Hydraulic
conductivity)
091 -----has world’s highest % of arable land (India)
092 Crop having allelopathic influence by Nut sedge (Maize)
093 Parasite weed of sorghum (Striga)
094 Weed used as pollution indicator (Cleome viscoca)
095 Grass weed used for soil and water conservation (Cyanodon dactylon)
096 An alternate host of rice stem borer (Panicum repens)
097 Dermatitis is caused by (Ambrosia sp)
098 Skin disease caused by Parthenium sp (Crocodile skin disease)
099 Rice field weed which escapes through ‘mimicry’ (wild rice)
100 A weed causes off flavour in wheat flour (wild rice)
101 A weed used for rope making (Thatch grass)
102 Per capita availability of cultivated land in Kerala is (0.06 ha)
103 Productivity of Rice in Kerala? (2308 kg/ha in 2007-08)
104 Present DG of ICAR (Dr. Mangala Rai)
105 Dominant soil group of Kerala (Laterite)
106 Chemical used to break dormancy (Thiourea)
107 Best soil structure for plant growth is (crumb/ granular)
108 Seed rate for cassava ……………….(2000 stems / 12000 setts)
109 Seed rate for transplanted short duration rice (Spacing for first crop 15 x 10cm)
110 ‘CRIDA’ means--------- (Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture)
111 District of Kerala having largest area under paddy cultivation? (Palakkad)
112 Growth rate of India’s agriculture sector during 2008-09? (1.6% )
113 % area under food crops to total cropped area (38.13 in 1999-00 period)
114 Net area sown (22.71 lakh ha ) 21.89 lakh ha (02-03)
115 Net area irrigated as % to net area sown (15.45%) 17.31 (02-03)
116 Cropping intensity of Kerala is (136%)
117 Colour of tag for foundation seed (White) Certified seed (Blue) Registed seed
(Purple)
118 Chemical used for polyploidy breedling (Colchicine)
119 Indian Seed Act passed in (1966)
120 Indian Seed Act came into force (1969)
121 Minimum germination % for rice seeds for certification (80%)
122 Minimum moisture % for rice seed certification (13%)
123 NH4 fixation is more in (Montmorillonite)
124 Nitrogen availability in cooler region is (less)
125 Nitrification is reduced at (arid condition)
126 Legumes require only ---------(Starter dose of Nitrogen)
127 Zone of elluviation is ( A2 horizon) Zone of illuviation is (B2 horizon)
128 A + B horizon is called (solum)
129 A+B+Parent material is referred to as----------- (Regolith)
130 ‘CREMENT’ means (crop and Resource Management Network)
112 Nitrification inhibitor inhibit (Nitrosomonas)
113 Mixing neem cake with urea increase the efficiency of---------- (urea)
114 ‘Phosphorus’ fixation more in soils rich in (Kaolinite)
115 Super Phosphate ---------- (for Short duration crops)
116 Rock Phosphate -----------(for Perennial crops)
117 Band placement of water-soluble phosphates decrease ( ‘Phosphorus’’ fixation)
118 Rock phosphate is not suitable for (alkaline soil)
119 Control of ‘K’ is high is soils rich in ……. Minerals (2:1)
120 C4 plants prefer comparatively higher temperature than ( C3)
121 Mycorrhiza inoculated plants register (higher Nitrogen content)
122 Luxury consumption is manifested by (K)
123 Hydrogen Sulphide injury is less in soil rich in( Iron)
124 Potassium exist in …………………….form in plants (elemental)
125 In sugarcane the most important critical stage for irrigation (Sprouting)
126 In paddy the most critical stage for irrigation (Flowering)
127 The milling recovery of rice is (70%)
128 Mjor producer of rice in the world (China)
129 IRRI was established in (1960)
130 Queen of cereal is (maize)
131 Nitrogen content in groundnut cake (7.3%)
132 Oil content in copra in % (62)
133 The crop which gives the highest oil production per unit area is (Oil Palm)
134 First domesticated cereals are (Wheat and Barley)
135 Oil content in sesamum seed (50%)
136 Sesamum variety for uplands (Surya)
137 The State having maximum groundnut production (Gujarath)
138 Pulse crop known as ‘biological plough’ (Pigeon pea)
139 Shelling percentage in Groundnut (70)
140 Cassava belongs to the family …………….. (Euphorbiaceae)
141 Cashew research Station in Kerala is located at ………………. (Anakkayam)
142 Sree Rashmi is an improved variety of (Colocasia)
143 On the basis of classification of soil based on acidity, a very strongly acid soil has
pH range of (4 & below)
144 In humus the C.N. Ratio is (10:1)
145 Hygroscopic water is held (more than 31 atmosphere)
146 Advent of Green Revolution was in------- (late 1960)
147 The new name of agricultural prices commission (Commission for Agricultural
Costs and Prices)
148 NAFED is connected with (Agricultural Marketing)
149 Which district of Kerala has got the largest area under forest (Idukki)
150 Which district of Kerala has high average rainfall (Idukki – Neryamangalam)
151 In rice production India ranks (2nd)
152 Seed rate for rice broadcasting (80-100 kg)
153 Production of soyabean from 1994 – 95 to 1998-99 has shown (constant increase)
154 Hawaiian and Salvador types are (Subabul)
155 NPK recommendation for Pepper (50-50-150)
156 MCU-5 and Suvin are varieties of (Cotton)
157 The demand of this bio-fertiliser is highest ?( Azospirillum )
158 A medium duration rice (Jaya)
159 ‘H- 226’ is a variety of (Cassava)
160 Largest rice producing state (West Bengal)
161 Central Potato Research Institute is located (Shimla)
162 Tensiometer is used (Measuring water stress in soil)
163 World Meterological Organisation Head Quarters is at (Geneva)
164 CSH-6 is a short duration variety of (Sorghum)
165 Rohini is a----------- variety of Paddy (Short duration)
166 Ganga hybrid – 1, Deccan hybrid are varieties of (Maize)
167 Interveinal cholorosis in Rubber is due to (Magnesium deficiency)
168 Regional Agricultural Research station (Central Zone) is at ( Pattambi)
169 Krishi Pandit Award is given by (ICAR)
170 Sunshine recorder for measuring (Solar radiation)
171 Soils most retentive of moisture and cracks in dry season (Black soil)
172 Succulence and lodging in plants is due to excessive use of (Nitrogen)
173 Sugarcanes Research Station in Kerala is at (Thiruvalla)
174 Cardamon Research Station in Kerala (Pampadumpara)
175 Balankotta and Kalluvally are (Pepper varieties)
176 Hybrid Napier is evolved b y crossing (Pennisetum typhoides x Pennisetum
purpureum)
177 Samanea saman is an (Ornamental flowering tree)
178 Least production of Black pepper is in (Alappuzha district)
179 The best soil structure for crop production is (Crumby)
180 Cultivation of trees and grasses together (Silvipasture)
181 A respective cultivation of an ordered succession of crops or crops and fallow in
the same land is (crop rotation)
182 Banana Research Station is at (Kannara)
183 Cuscutta is a (complete stem parasite)
184 succulence and lodging in plants is due to the excessive application of (Nitrogen)
185 Species of Rhizobium present in root nodules of soyaben (Rhizobium Japonicum)
186 On the basis of classification of soil based on acidity a very strongly acid soil has a
pH range of ( 4 And below)
187 The minimum desirable limit of moisture in paddy seeds is (12%)
188 the quantity of lime required to neutralise the acidity created by adding 100 kg of
ammonium sulphate is (100 kgs)
189 The licensing authority for issuing the seed dealers licence under the Essential
Commodities Act (Principal Agri. Officer)
190 The class of seed which is not subjected to seed certification (Breeder seed)
191 The class of seed bearing Golden Yellow colour tag (Breeder seed)
192 Minimum germination % fixed for Bhindi seed (65%)
193 Maximim permissible moisture level for Bitterground seed (7%)
194 Soils most retentive of moisture and cracks in dry season (Black soils)
195 Black cotton soil are seen in (Chittur , Palakkad)
196 Hygroscopic water is held tenaciously with a tension of (More than 31 atmosphere)
197 Central Soil Salinity Research Institue is located at (Karnal)
198 The demand of this bio-fertiliser is highest in India ?( Azospirillum)
199 The minimum desirable limit of moisture in paddy seeds (12%)
200 The founder of co-operative movement (Robert Owen)
201 ‘Robert Owen’ the founder of Cooperatives is a native of (Britain)
202 Raiffeisen and Schulze-delitch type of co-operatives are considered to be pioneer
co-operatives of(Germany)
203 The co-operative year is from (July-June)
204 The most ideal agency of supplying credit to the farmers in rural areas (co-
operatives)
205 The private money lender is still an important agency for supplying credit because
of (Least formalities for getting credit)
206 Taccavi loans means (Loans given by Government agencies)
207 Government gives long term loans to agriculturists under the (Land improvement
Loans Act of 1883)
208 Government gives medium term loan to agriculturists under the (Agriculturists
Loan Act of 1884)
209 The type of credit required for paddy cultivation (Short Term Loan)
210 The type of credit required for purchasing milch cattle (Medium term loan)
211 The type of credit required for reclaiming one acre of kayal land (Long term credit)
212 India has the largest area in the world under( pulse crops)
213 Self liquidating loans are used for (Seasonal crops)
214 The HYVP was launched in the country during (1966)
215 The Five Year Plan started in the Year (1951-1956)
216 The period of operation of 11th five year plan ( 2007-2012)
217 Fertiliser consumption in India ( 86.34 kg/ha.’00-01’, Kerala-59.2 kg/ha)
218 The State where maximum number of people live below poverty line ( Uttar
Pradesh )
219 The State where minimum number of people live below poverty line ( Punjab)
220 The Green Revolution in India was intiated in (1966-67)
221 A comprehensive scheme to alleviate mass poverty in rural India is (IRDP)
222 IRDP was launched in (1980)
223 ‘Dunkel draft’ is related to ( Trade policy)
224 Which is the most important indicator of economic development of a country (
National Income)
225 What is the contribution of agriculture to National income of our country (17%)
226 The State having highest density of population ( West Bengal)
227 The State having minimum literacy ( Bihar)
228 Sex ratio in the country 1000:933 (2001)
229 Percentage of labour force engaged in India (70%)
230 Percentage of agriculture labourers to the work force (42%)
231 In India people living below poverty line (25% in 2007)
232 Minimum Wages Act for agricultural labourers was passed in (1948)
233 Bureau of Indian standads was established in (1986)
234 The most ideal type of farming suited to Kerala condition ( Mixed farming)
235 The most common system of farming noticed in India ( Peasant farming)
236 A high density planting in apple can accommodate (5000 plants/ha)
237 A pant with yellow flower is (Allamanda grandiflorum)
238 Acidity in pineapple fruit is favoured by (Shade)
239 A hormone used to increase fruit size is (GA-3)
240 Guava is generally propagated by (Layering)
241 Gummosis in citrus is due to the deficiency of (Boron)
242 A fruit plant which can be layered easily is (Litchi)
243 ‘Kokkan’ disease is generally found in (Banana)
244 Spongy tissue is a problem associated with (Mango)
245 ‘Gooty’ is known as (Air layering)
246 The main component of an English garden is (Lawn)
247 Excess of zinc in the soil lead to non-availability of (Iron)
248 Pineapple Research Station is located at (Vellanikkara)
249 The requirement of soil pH for pincapple is ( 5 to 5.5)
250 The optimum width of a garden path is ( 1m)
251 An element needed for nodule formation in leguminous crops (Boron)
252 Veneer grafting is similar to (Side grafting)
253 Kanaka, Dhara and Anakkayam are varieties of (Cashew nut)
254 ‘NAFED’ means---------? (National Agricultural Cooperative Marketing Federation of
India Ltd)
255 An effective method of hormone application (Lanoline paste)
256 Summer squash and winter squash are varieties of (Ashgourd)
257 ‘I ‘budding is almost similar to (T Budding)
258 Kerala Agricultural University was established in (1971)
259 A hormone responsible for induction of dwarfism (MH)
260 An ideal plant for indoor gardening is (Ficus)
261 Leaf fall in potato is due to deficiency of (Boron)
262 Incompatibilty in graft union is due to-----------(Anatomy)
263 Rubber plants are propagated by a method of budding known as (Forket budding)
264 An element making a constituent of Vitamin B-12 is (Cobalt)
265 Polyalthia longifolia is an (Ornamental tree)
266 An element responsible for change in flower colour of Hydrangea is (Aluminium)
267 Massive flights of stairs with marble is a characteristic feature of (Italian garden)
268 A garden corponent making it larger is (Lawn)
269 The chemical (N-4 (P-Caloro-phenoxy)-phenyl-N- N dimethy urea is commonly
known as (Tenoron)
270 Strawberry plants live for (4-5 years)
271 A cool season flower crop (Carnation)
272 A plant requiring less than 12 hours day light is (Pineapple)
273 A chemical with more herbicidal activity is (MCPA)
274 Poor performance of improved mango varieties in Kerala is due to (Poor light
quality)
275 An annual flowering plant grown throughout the year (Balsam)
276 One among the following vegetables is a warm season crop (Tomato)
277 Increased fruit size in grapes is due to application of (GAB)
278 Red Spanish is a variety of (Pineapple)
279 Lawns are relaid after (3-4 years)
280 A hormone used for flower induction (TIBA)
281 Maturity period for banana is (3 months)
282 Garden display of plants indifferent shapes by cutting and pruning is (Topiary)
283 One among the following is a day- neutral plant (Tomato)
284 An important component of Japanese garden is (Water)
285 One among the following fruits is a hesperedium (Limes)
286 Flower colour of Bauhinia purpurea is (Light Pink)
287 A modern method of cashew propagation is by (soft wood grafting)
288 A typical climacteric fruit is (Banana)
289 A central feature of a garden provides (Focal Point)
290 Optimum storage life life of grape is (6-8 weeks)
291 Samanea saman is a (Shade Tree)
292 A chemical inducing abscission in plants (ABA)
293 Sour sop is (Annona muricata)
294 Storage life of a grape fruit is (above 10 weeks)
295 The following is not used as a preservative for fruits (Alcohol)
296. A hormone inducing dwarfism in plants? (MH)
297. A fruit plant propagated by vegetative method is (Banana)
298. Central Potato Research Station is located in ( Shimla)
299. A fruit rich in Vitamin –A content ( Mango)
300. If properly canned, fruits can be stored for (1-3 years)
301. Rambuttan belongs to the family (Sapindaceae)
302 A flowering plant with reddish orange flower is (Tithonia speciosa)
303 A method of hormone application not generally practiced is (Injection)
304 A chemical inducing parthenocarpy in fruits is (2,4,5-T)
305 A variety of mango used for pulp extraction for soft drinks (Thottapuri)
306 One among the following is not a triploid variety of banana (Pisang lilin)
307 A fruit crop producing the highest tonnage per unit area is (Pineapple)
308 A fruit rich in fat content (Avocado)
309 Origin of brinjal is from (India)
310 The following helps in fruit set (NAA)
311 The best planting material for pineapple is (suckers)
312 A typical distinguishable character of an Acuminata banana is (Pseudostem
colour)
313 Jam is prepared from a fruit with (good pulp)
314 Major export quality of a mango variety is due to its (Firmness)
315 A chemical effective in controlling alternate bearing in mango is (TIBA)
316 Avocado belong to the family (Lauraceae)
317 Apis florea is (the dwarf honeybee)
318 Indian Lac Research Institute is located at (Namkum in Bihar)
319 The cotton aphid Aphis gossypii is predated by (Menochilus sexmaculatus)
320 Dead heart of sorghum is caused by (Atherigona soceata)
321 Rice case worm is (Nymphula depunctalis)
322 Rate of consumption of technical grade pesticide (g/ha) in India during 1999-2000
(288 g)
323 Chelisoches moris is a natural enemy of (Red Palm weevil)
324 Ekalux is the brand name of (Quinalphos)
325 Heptachlor is a (Cyclodiene insectide)
326 Marigold is used for the sociological control of (nematodes)
327 The trade name of pesticide ‘zolone’ (Phosalone)
328 Insecticide that was used widely in Cashew (Endosulfan)
329 The usefulness of silk worm was known as early as (2697 BC)
330 ‘Molemma’ is finely divided dust of (Shellac)
331 Most important and potent parasites belong to the order (Hymenoptera)
332 Destructive insects and Pest Act was passed during the year (1914)
333 The Central Directorate of Plant Protection and Quarantine was established in the
year (1946)
334 The Insecticide Act was enforced on (2-9-1968)
335 The insecticide rules were framed in the year (1971)
336 Trichogramme austrealicum was employed to control (Chilo infuscatellus)
337 Cnaphalocrocis medinalis attack ……….. stage of the crop (All Stages)
338 Spodoptera mauritia purpates in (Earthen chamber in soil)
339 The virus used for the control of gram pod borer (NPV)
340 Oncocephela tuberculata , a pest of tuber crops is a (Leaf miner)
341 The pest of rice laying eggs along the mid rib of leaf blades or mid region of leaf
sheath (Rice case worm)
342 Nematodes in citrus crop is controlled by (Nemagon)
343 Thrips belong to the order (Thysanoptera)
344 Scales and mealy bugs belong to the order (Hemiptera)
345 Diclorvos is ----------- insecticide (Organophosphorus)
346 Lecanium varidae is a major pest of (Coffee)
347 The scolid wasp Compsomeriella collaris parasites the grubs of (Leucopholis
coneophora)
348 Plastron respiration occurs in (Aquatic insects)
349 Grasshopper possess (Saltatorial legs)
350 Metasystox is a (Systemic poison)
351 Insecticide found in fat issue of milch animals (DDT)
352 Nematodes penetrate the plant tissue with (buccal stylet)
353 Lac insect is parasatised by (Parecchio dryinus)
354 The larva of a rice pest which breaths from water (Rice case worm)
355 Families braconidae, chalcididae and Ichneumonidae come under the order
(Hymenoptera)
356 Body of this rice pest is pink to red in colour and is covered with a white waxy meal
(Rice mealy bug)
357 Major portion of Indian lac is produced in (Bihar)
358 An insecticide with strong contract and fumigant action (Diazinon)
359. Flacherie is a bacterial disease sffecting (silk worm)
360. The noxious weed opuntia dilleni was controlled by ( Dactylopus tomentosus)
361. Use of resistant varieties is an important tool in ……………… method of pest control
(Bio-ecological, Integrated)
362. Warfarin is a rodenticide acting as (Anticoagulent)
363. Commerical formulation of the acarcide Teradifon is (Teedion)
364. An acaricide effective agnist all stages of red spider mite and bee mite Acarapis
woodi is ( chlorobenzilate)
365. A liqified gas used to fumigate soil against nematode and soil insects for raising
rooted pepper cuttings (Methyl Bromide)
366. The suggested does of EDB+ for cover fumigation per quintal of grains is (1 MT)
367. The insecticide consumption in India (MT) during 1999-2000 was (31793 MT)
368. The State which consume the highest quantity of pesticide is (Uttar Pradesh)
369. The tobacco solution stock prepared with 500 gm tobacco 120 g soap and 4.5 l
water is diluted _______ times for spraying (6-7)
370. _______is safer organophosphorous insecticide for controlling pests of vegetables
and stored grains (Mercaptothion)
371. Methyl demeton which is strongly systemic and effective against sucking insects
is marketed as (Metasystox)
372. The field rat species living in burrows which has a tail longer than body and
provided with a terminal tuft of long hairs (white rat – Tatera indica)
373 Pot trop is extensively used for catching (Rice field rats)
374 Biological control of African Payal is successfully done by (Cytobagus salviniae)
375 Kerosene emulsion is useful against (Sucking insects)
376 Insecticide dust carriers have a particle size of (1-40 micron)
377 An inset controlled by male sterilization technique in the South Pacific Island
(Dacus Cucurbitae)
378 Visible light spectrum of insect is (253-700 mm)
379 Third generation insecticides are (Hormonal insecticides)
380 Precocines are known as (Fourth generation insecticides)
381 A liquid formulation of insecticide which contain a carrier (Water dispersible
powder)
382 An easy technique of insecticide application in household (Aerosol bomb)
383 Bordeaux mixture act as -------------------------against chrysomelid beetles and leaf
hoppers (Repellent)
384 A natural organic product which act as an insecticide and carrier (Oil of petroleum)
385 Anabasine in an alkaloid in (Tobacco)
386 Rotenone is potent insecticide prepared from (Derries and Lonchocarpus)
387 Hydraulic sprayer work by (compressing liquid)
388 Pneumatic sprayers work by (compressing a layer of air)
389 Droplet size from the mist blower is (50-150 micron)
390 Ultra low volume sprays are made with (Hydraulic power sprayer)
391 An example of blast sprayer (Hand atomizer/ flit pump)
392 A insect parasiting another insect (Parasitoid)
393 A parasite feeding on primary parasite (Secondary)
394 Commonwealth Institute of Biological control, Bangalore was established in (1956)
395 A reduvid predator of Rhinoceros beetle (Platymerus)
396 An earwig predating on Oryctes rhinoceros (Cheisoches moris)
397 Tachinid parasite of Opisina (Spoggosia)
398 Trichogramma minutum is (egg parasite)
399 Curculionid biocontrol agent (Neochetina eichhorniae)
400 Sac brood disease appeared in Kerala in (1991-92)
401 ‘NAFED’ was founded in-------------------(1958)
402 Curculionid biocontrol agent of Salvinia (Cyrtobagous salviniae)
403 NABARD was established in-----------------(1982)
404 Honey contains --------------------% of water (21%)
405 Fibrocin content of silk fibre is (70-81%)
406 Sericine content of silk fibre is (19-20%)
407 Leaf yield of irrigated mulberry under high management practice is (20-30 MT/ha)
408 Larval period of Bombyx mori is (21-26 days)
409 The larval parasite of silkworm is (Uzi fly )
410 Optimum Relative Humidity for silk worm rearing is (65-85%)
411 White muscardine disease of silk worm is caused by (Beauvaria bassiana)
412 A rice variety tolerant to BPH (Thriveni)
413 A rice pest that can be controlled by draining water (case worm)
414 An example of trap cropping (Bhindi around cotton)
415 Sexpheromone used for the control of Red palm weevil (Ferrolure)
416 Technical form of insecticide has -----------------purity (80-96%)
417 Material added to reduce surface tension in insecticide formulation is (emulsifier)
418. A predatory larva on lac encrustation in the field (Holcocera)
419. The strains of lac insect used for cultivation ( Kusmi and rangeeni)
420. ‘Braula’ fly is ectoparasitic on ( Queen bee)
421. Galleria mellonela( the great wax moth ) is seen feeding (wax and products)
422. Acarapis mite infests (adult bees)
423. Tropilaelaps clariae infesting bees is (Brood mite)
424 Movement of bees, “the language of bees” is done with respect to (Sun and
Gravity)
425 The transport of bees from one place to another for foraging purpose (Migration)
426 Queen grafting is done using (24 hour at hunger larva)
427 The following is a larval disease of honey bee (Thai Sac Brood)
428 ‘Isle of wight’ d disease is caused by (Acarapis)
429 Apis mellifera is domesticated in the bee box (Langstroth)
430 The form of sugar present in honey is (Frucose)
431 Honey is formed from the Nector by the action of enzyme (Invertase)
432 Rock bees are seen (Suspended free from top of roof trees)
433 Chillies leaves curl, malform and dry up at tips due to infestation by (Scirtothrips)
434 Orseolia, Paddy Gall midge infests rice at------ stage (Panicle initiation)
435 Leaf tips of young rice plants see rolled and turn white or brownish due to the
infestation of (Rice thrips)
436 Hopper burn in rice is caused by the infestation of (Nilaparvata lugens , BPH)
437 The central whorl of rice is infested by larva and the leaves shrivel with longitudinal
blotches along the margin due to attack of (Hydrellia ,Rice Whorl Maggot)
438 Nymph of Leptocorisa , Rice bug feed on (Young leaves)
439 Draining away water from rice fields is advocated for the control of (Nymphula ,
Rice Case Worm)
440 Continued drought condition in rice fields predisposes the infestation by
(Ripersia,Paddy mealy bug)
441 Tetrastychus is a potential egg parasite in rice filed infesting (Stemborers and leaf
folders)
442 The organism that causes red ring disease of coconut (Rhadinaphelenchus , a
nematode)
443 Rice ‘white tip’ is caused by the infestation of (Aphelenchoides , a nematode)
444. Santallus parellelus, the grubs and adults feed on the eggs and larvae of pests
(Oryctes)
445 The pupal [arasite of Opisina , Black headed caterpillar of Coconut?(Brachymeria)
446. Spadix dry up and inflorescence get crinkled in coconut palm due to the
infestation of ( Pseudococcus , mealy bug)
447. The whitefly that infests the undersurface of the sugaracane leaves (Neomaskellia
Bergii)
448. Conical leaf fold are the symptoms of damage caused by the infeastation on
Bhindi (Sylepta , Bhindi leaf roller)
449. The funges Nematospora, that causes staining on the lint of cotton is introduced
by the insect pest (Dysdercus spp , Red cotton bug)
450. Terminal shoots of brinjal seen withered-indicates the infestation by (Leucinodes ,
Brinjal fruit & shoot borer)
451. Root galls are formed in vegetable crops due to the infestation by (Meloidogyne ,
Root knot nematode)
452. Skeletonising the leave of brinjal is the symptom caused by (Henosepilachna ,
Epilachna beetle)
453. Adult Lepidopterans like----- are pests of crops (Fruit moths)
454. The adults are spiny and black infesting the upper surface of brinjal leaves- young
ones infest undersurface(Urentius , Lace bug)
455. The stout yellowish brown hairy caterpillar infesting drumstick (Taragama)
456. Die back symptom on drumstick is resultant due to the infestation by (Helopeltis ,
Mosquito bug)
457. Studies on means, probability, normals,distribution, etc… come under _____
(Climatology)
458. Environmental lapse rate is about ____________ ( 6.50C/km)
459 Thunderstorms are associated with _______ ( Cumulonimbus)
460 The normal date of onset of South West monsoon over Kerala ________ (1st June)
461. Weather forcasting is done using ________________ (Synoptic chart)
462 The standard atmospheric preassure at sea level is ________________ (1013 mb)
463. The direction of trade winds in Northern hemisphere ____ (North East)
464. The direction of trade winds in Southern hemisphere ______ (South East)
465 In the Northern hemisphere, wind moves around cyclones in _____________ (
Anticlockwise direction)
466. In the Southern hemisphere wind moves around cyclones in _______ (Clockwise
direction)
467. In the Northern hemisphere wind moves around anticyclones in _______ (Clockwise
direction)
468. In the Southern hemisphere wind moves around anticyclones in _______
(Anticlockwise direction)
469. Studies on weather in relation to crops comes under __________ (Agricultural
Meteorology)
470 When temperature increases with height , it is called _______ (inversion)
471 The nearest thermal layer to the earth’s surphace ____________ (Troposphere)
472. The atmosphereic layer above troposphere ________ ( Stratosphere)
473. Ozone is mainly found at a height of ________ (15-35km)
474 The layer between stratosphere and mesosphere ________ (Stratopause)
475. -40◦ C is equal to _______ ( -40 ◦ F)
476. In the Northern hemisphere , Stevenson’s screen door open towards ____________
(North)

477. Self recording rain gauge commonly used in our Country ___ (Float type)
478. Co2 strongly absorbs _________ ( Long wave radiation)
479. Water vapour strongly absorbs __________ (Long wave radiation)
480. Diffuse solar radiation is measured using _________ (Phyrano meter with shade
ring)
481. Beaufort’s scale is used to estimate ________________ ( Wind speed)
482. Line joining Places having same pressure ______________ (Isobar)
483. Line joining places having same temperature _________ (Isotherm)
484. Line joining places having same Rainfall ___________ (Isohyet)
485. Line joining places having same wind speed ____ (Isotachs)
486. Instrument to measure RH______________(Psychrometers and Hygrometers)
487. Indian geostationary satellite used to take cloud pictures ____(Insat 2-A)
488. Photosensitive variety of paddy grown mostly in virippu season _______(Ptb-1)
489. Condition and behaviour of the atmosphere at a given time and place is called
____(Weather)
490. State of atmosphere over a long period of time __________(Climate)
491. Condition of the atmosphere inside the crops and _____(Phytoclimate)
492. Angular distance measured from equator is ______(Latitude)
493. Units of pressure ____(Dynes/sq/cm OR Newton/Sq.m OR Pascal)

494. Sun will be on the equator on _____ (March 21st )

495. Insolation means ______(Solar radiation)
496. Percentage of O2 in the atmosphere__________ (20.5%)
497. Percentage of Argon in the atmosphere _______________(0.93%)
498. Percentage of CO2 in the atmosphere ___(0.03 %)
499. Percentage of Hydrogen in the atmosphere__________(0.00005%)
500. Moisture content of the humid atmosphere by volume is ___(4%)
501. Average of the daily mean temperature of all days in a month is _____(Monthly
mean)
502. Wind blowing from south to north is (southerly wind)
503. Direction from which wind comes is ______(Windward side)
504. Direction to which wind goes is __(Leeward side)
505. Amount of Water vapour present in a unit volume of air (Absolute humidity)
506. Amount of Water vapour present in kilogram of air _(Specific humidity)
507. Halo phenomenon is caused by the cloud__(Cirrostratus)
508. High clouds, examples:- (Cirrus, Cirro-stratus, cirro-cumulus)
509. Middle clouds, examples:-- _(Altostratus, Altocumulus)
510. Low clouds, examples:- ________( Stratocumulus, Nimbus)
511. Okta is a measure of ___(cloud)
512. Both eye reading and self-recording instruments are there in _(Class A
observatory)
513. Condition of atmosphere when temperature falls quickly below zero degree
____(Frost)
514. Short range forecasting is meant for ___________(1-2 days)
515. Medium range forecasting is meant for ________( 3-10 days)
516. Long range forecasting is meant for ___(>10 days for seasons)
517. The term monsoon was derived from Arabic word “Mausam” meaning ______
(Season)
518. ‘Koppen’ has classified the climates into ___________ (5 types)
519. Farmers burn waste in the field during night time to avoid ______(Frost)
520. Air temperature, humidity, pressure and wind speed in the upper atmosphere is
recorded by ------------(Radiosonde)
521. Water balance technique was introduced by ______(Thornthwaite)
522. Plants which are confined to places of very low Rainfall ________ (Xerophytes)
523. Plants which require more water ______(Hydrophytes)
524. Kerala’s annual RF ________(300 cms)
525. Kalavarsha season of Kerala State is _______________ (June-September)
526. Thulavarsha season of Kerala State is _________(October – November)
527. Upper limit of atmosphere is _______________ (750 miles)
528. The oldest meteorological observatory in India ____(Madras)
529. Ozone depletion is brought about by _______ (Chloro Flouro Carbons)
530. Earth’s life giving gaseous envelope is ________(atmosphere)
531. Temperature of - 90 ½ 0 C is mexperienced at _________________ (Mesopause)
532. The electrically charges layer in the atmosphere__(Ionosphere)
533. Energy received outside the atmosphere, on unit area held lower to solar beam is
__(Solar constant)
534. The ratio of reflected radiation to incident radiation ________(Albedo)
535. The solar constant is estimated to be ______ (1.94 cals/sq.cm/min)
536. The atmosphere is warmed up by the heat _________ (radiated from the earth’s
surface)
537. Distribution of crops in the world is influenced by ________ (Climate)
538. The ‘retreating monsoon’ is also known as ________ (North East Monsoon)

539. The outline map of India marked with weather data using international codes and
abbreviations________ (Synoptic map)
540. The concept of Potential evapo-transpiration was first indroduced by _________
(Thornthwaite)
541. The unit for solar radiation measurement __________ (Langley)
542. Highest RF in India is observed at __________ (Mawsinram)
543. The person known as father of agrometeorology in India ______ ( L.A Ramdas)
544. Head Office of WMO(World Meteorological Organisation) _____ (Geneva)
545. A journal in meteorology _____________ (Mausam)
546. A substance used for artificial rain simulation __________ (Ag.I/ Nacl2)
547. Pascal is the international standard unit of _____________ (Pressure)
548. Rice is a _______________ (short day plant)
549. A plant which closes stomata during day time ____________ ( Pineapple)
550. The wavelength of visible portion of solar spectrum ________ (0.39 to 0.7 m)
551. The absorption of solar spectrum by leaves is very high in __________________ (Red
& Blue bands)
552. The India metrological Dept (IMD) Headquarters is at _____________(Pune)
553. In Kerala artificial rain simulation experiments were conducted at _____ (Idukki)
554. Light Intensity influence growth through its effect on_________ (Photosynthesis)
555. Density of shelter belt is decided by _______(wind speed)
556. Rainy day is a day with a RF of > or = to ________________ (2.5 mm)
557. Crop weather calendar is used for ________(finding crop -weather relationship)
558. Daily mean temperature is calculated by finding the average of ___________ (Max &
Min. temperature)
559. The number of agro-climatic regions in India_________________(15)
560. A weather abnormality is __________(Tornado/Cyclone/Cold & Hot Wave)
561. Thermometer was invented by ______________(Galileo Galilei)
562. A funnel shaped cloud extending downwards is a characteristic feature of
__(tornado)
563. Plant life ceases below ___________(40 ◦F)
564. Agromet observations are taken twice daily at _____(7 & 14 hrs LMT)
565. Crop which is highly susceptible to frost ____(Potato)
566. Rain Fall is observed in the agromet. Observatory at _______(8.30 and 14 IST)
567. Agromet observatories in Agricultural Universities are normally ___(B type)
568. The maximum annual rainfall recorded in Kerala is ________(Neryamangalam)
569. Heavy wind blows through Palakkad gap during _(Oct-Nov)
570. According to Beufort’s scale winds are classified into ____(13 classes)
571. The ancient book “Meteorologica’ was complied by ____(Aristotle)
572. Rain is precipitated from the clous________(Nimbus)
573. Occurrence of Mahali diseases of arecanut is associated with _____(South West
Monsoon)
574. The occurrence of bud rot of coconut is associated with __________ (High humidity)
575. The WMO day falls on ______________(March 23rd )
576. The green house gases are ____________(Co2, N2o, CH4 and troposphere O3)
577. The rate of increase in Co2 concentration in atmosphere will lead to _________ (an
increase in earth’s temperature)
578. The rate of increase in Co2 concentration in atmosphere will lead to
_________(higher crop yields)
579. Weather making layer is ____(troposphere)
580. The systems with lower pressure at the centre _______(cyclone)
581. The crop growth model tested in India to simulate rice yields ________(Ceres Rice)
582. The most variable gas in the lower atmosphere is ______(Co2)
583. Albedo of grass is ___(20-25%)
584. The recently launched Indian satellite for the study on coastal management and
marine resources__________(IRS- P4- Oceansat)
585. Winds blowing from sub-tropic high to the equatorial low is _____ ( Trade winds)
586. winds blowing from sub- tropic high to the equatorial poles is ___________ (
Antitrade winds)
587. Surface temperature of sun is __________ (60000K)
588. The visible part of light which is least important in photosynthesis_______ (Green
light)
589. Response of plants to the relative length of day and night periods _________
(Photoperiodism)
590. Short day plants ____________ (Rice, Tobacco, Maize)
591. Long day plants _________ (Wheat, Barley, Sugarbeet)
592. Day neutral plants _________ (tomato, certain varieties of rice)
593. Photoinsentive rice __________ (IR-8, Jaya)
594. Jumping legs are found in ………………………( Grasshopper)
595. Someinsect female reproduce young ones directly .This is called ………………
(Vivipary)
596. Krishi Vigyan Kendra are sponsored by ………( ICAR)
597.Panchayathi Raj was started in the year ………(1959)
598.An extension teacher help farmer to attain desirable changes in his……………………
(Behaviour)
599. The fundamental objective of extension education is …………………..( Development of
the people)
600. The extension work must be based on ………(The needs and interest of the people)
601. First discovered protective insecticide was …………………(DDT)
602. Vegetable treated with BHC are unfit for use for ………… (ever)
603. Best and cheap mulch to minimize wind erosion……………(stubble mulch)
604. Spice districts of Kerala…………………………………………(Idukki and Wayanad)
605. National farmers day ……………………………………………(Dec. 23)
606. State farmers day ……………………………………………………(chingam 1)
607. In India 90% Rubber produced from ……………………………(Kerala)
608. Leading producer of coconut in the world ………………………(Philippines)
609. Largest rice producing district in Kerala…………………………(Palakkad)
610. Ginger research is going on at …………………………………………(Ambalavayal)
611. Cashewnut research centre …………………………………………(Ankkayam)
612. First ecotourism project………………………………………[Thenmala(Kollam)]
613. Study of insects……………………………………………………(Entomology)
614. Most fertile soil……………………………………………………(Alluvial)
615. Largest dairy research centre in India………………………(Karnal , Haryana)
616. Largest producer of sugar in India…………………………(Uttar Pradesh)
617. Banana research centre……………………………………………(Kannara)
618. Common household sugar …………………………………………(Sucrose)
619. Sugar bowl of world …………………………………………………(Cuba)
620. Island of clove ………………………………………...............(Zanzibar)
621. Gas used to ripen fruits ……………………… [Acetylene (Ethylene)]
622. Expand FAO ………………………(Food and Agricultural Organisation)
623. Cardamom research centre ………………………..(Pampadumpara)
624. Central tuber crops research institute-CTCRI ………[Sreekaryam (TRVM)]
625. Expand CPCRI……………………………(Central Plantation Crops
Research Institute)
626. Karshaka Dinam of Kerala ……………………………………(Chingam 1)
627. Headquarters of FAO………………………….[Rome (Italy)]
628. Example of dryland weeds ……………………(Mimosa,Sida)
629. Flower arrangement is called…………………(Ikebana)
630. World environment day…………………………(June 5)
631. Animal by-product used to prepare ice-cream……(Gelatin)
632. Preserved form of fodder…………………………(Silage)
633. Headquarter of Kerala Agricultural University……….(Vellanikkara)
634. Common Viral disease of poultry……………….(Ranikhet disease)
635. Acid present in ant……………………………(formic acid)
636. Who gave the slogan “Jai Javan ,Jai Kisan”……….(Lal Bahadur Shastri)
637. Feb.28 is observed as………………………(National science day)
638. Eichhornia crassipes is…………………………(Water hyacinth)
639. Culture of plants without soil………………(Hydroponics)
640. Study of grasses…………………………………(Agrostology)
641. Which gland in human body known as Adam’s apple…..(Thyroid gland)
642. Tarpentine oil prepared from……………………………(Pine tree)
643. Largest producer of coffee in the world…………(Brazil)
644. Minimum germination% of good quality paddy seed……………………(80%)
645. In grasshopper the number of spiracles is ……………(10)
646. The grasshoppers blood is ……………………………(colourless)
647. Herbicides are used to kill ……………………………………(Weeds)
648. Rodenticides are used to kill ………………………………………( Rats )
649. State famous for sericulture ……………………………………(Karnataka)
650. Blast in rice can be controlled by ……………………….. ……(Agrosan)
651. Name the pest with international status ………………(Locust)
652. Mouth parts of a plant bug are ……………(Piercing and sucking)
653. Which aminal acts as natural tiller of soil …………. ……….. (Earthworm)
654. Best method to control stored grain pest is ………………(Fumigation)
655. Insecticides used in gaseous forms are called ……………………(Fumigants)
656. Expand DDT ……………………………………(Dichloro Diphenyl Trichloro ethane)
657. Expand BHC ……………………………………(Benzene Hexa chloride)
658. Termites belong to order ……………………(Isoptera)
659. Insects have ...... number of legs ………… (6)
660. Wings of the insets are …………………………(Somewhat Triangular)
661. The Salivary glands of insects secrete ………(Amylase)
662. Circulatory system in insects is ………………(Open type)
663. Insecticide of plant origin is ……………………(Azadiractin)
664. Fumigants are available as ……………………(Solids and liquids)
665. Biological control means …………………………(Insect control through biotic factors
artificially )
666.Notorious weed lantana camera is controlled by --------------- (Lantana bug)
667.For the fumigation of rat burrows the fumigant required is ……….(Aluminium
phosphide)
668.The main characteristic feature of an Insect is …………(three pairs of legs)
669.Piercing and sucking type of mouth parts are found in …………(Aphids)
670.The grinding of food in grasshopper is done by …………… (Gizzard)
671.The chief excretory organ in insects is ………( Malpighian tubules )
672.Study of fossi lplants-----------------( Paleobotany)
673.CaCO 3 is used to improve the soil Condition of ----------(Water logged soil)
674.Drip irrigation system was discovered in----------(Israel)
675.Name the essential nutrients available through air and water……………
(Carbon,Hydrogen ,Oxygen)
676.Season for third crop (puncha)------ (Dec-Jan to March-Apr)
677.For motherpalm selection in coconut husked nut should weigh not less than ………
gram (600)
678.A typical hopper burn in rice is caused by feeding of …………(BPH)
679.The damaging stage of cutworm is ………. (Caterpillar)
680.The damaging stage of pink ball worm ……(Caterpillar)
681.The attack of which insect pest can be recognized by unpleasant odour form paddy
field ………(‘Gundhi bug’-Rice bug)
682.Which part of the sprayer breaks the spray fluid in to fine droplets ……………..(Nozzle)
683.Destructive insect and pest act was passed by Govt . of India in ………………(1914)
684.A fodder grass suitable for intercropping in coconut plantation------------(Guinea
grass)
685.Quantity of water or irrigation/tree in loamy soil for coconut (1300 L)
686.H-226 is a variety of ? (Tapioca)
687.Sree prakash is a variety of ?(Tapioca)
688.Removal of side suckers up to flowering in banana (De suckering)
689.The planting density recommended for Rubber in the case of budded plant(420-
450)
690.Rubber research institute of India is located at (Kottayam)
691.Pepper research institute is located at (Panniyoor)
692.Amritmahal is a ---------breed of cattle (Draft breed)
693.Causative organism of Anthrax in cattle (Bacteria)
694.Operation flood is related with (Milk production)
695.Aseel is a breed of----- (Fowl)
696.New castle disease is caused by (Virus)
697.The vector of bunchy top disease in banana is (Banana aphid)
698.A granular insecticide (Furadan)
699.Pink disease in rubber is caused by (Fungus)
700.The variety of Radish with capacity to purify liver is (Pusa chetki)
701.Saras is a popular variety of (Pumpkin)
702.Indu is a popular variety of (Ash gourd)
703.The percentage of oleoresin content in black pepper is (10-13)
704.Botanical name of nut grass (Cyperus rotundus)
705.The stem of sedges have -----shape (Triangular)
706.Springler irrigation is otherwise called (Over head irrigation)
707.In drip irrigation system water saving to the extent of ------% (30-50)
708.The sowing of one crop just before the harvesting of previous crop (Relay
cropping)
709.The cultivation of crops in recurring succession in the same field is called(Crop
rotation)
710.Citrus is propagated by (Apomictic embryos)
711.Bryophyllum is propagated by (Leaf cutting)
712.Papaya is propagated mainly by (Mount layering)
713.A plant hormone used for rooting (IBA)
714.Air layering is otherwise called (Gooty)
715.Mount layering is otherwise called (Stool layering)
716.A thin layer of meristematic cells located between phloem and xylem(Cambium)
717.Rose plant is propagated by (T-budding)
718.Jasmine is a --------type plant (Climber)
719.The critical mean temperature for flowering and fertilization in rice (16-20◦C)
720.Annapoorna is a ----------variety of Rice (Short duration)
721.Aiswarya is a------------variety of Rice (Medium duration)
722.The seed rate of rice for transplanting (60-85 kg/ha)
723.Seed rate for broadcasting (80-100 kg/ha)
724.Keraganga is a hybrid between (WCT X Malayan yellow Dwarf )
725.Size of silt particles (0.002-0.05mm)
726.At field capacity availability of moisture is (Maximum)
727.Plants absorb Nitrogen mainly in -----form (Nitrate)
728.Luxury consumption is associated with -------nutrient (Potassium)
729.Forest soil constitute about -----% of the total land of Kerala (25)
730.A biological indicator of Nitrogen deficiency (Cabbage)
731.The end product of decomposition of organic matter (Humus)
732.The ability of a seed to germinate is called (Seed viability)
733.The inability of a freshly harvested seed to germinate is called (Seed dormancy)
734.Breeders seed is otherwise called (Nucleus seed)
735.Foundation seed is otherwise called (Mother seed)
736.Colour of tag for foundation seed (White)
737.Physical condition of soil resulting from tillage (Tilth)
738.Tillage practice carried out in standing crop is called (After cultivation)
739.The extreme form of minimum tillage is called (Zero tillage )
740. Blue green Algae associated with azolla (Anaebeana)
741. A green manure crop (Glyricidia)
742. Drip irrigation is otherwise called (Trickle irrigation)
743. African payal is biologically controlled by (Cyrtobagous weevils)
744. Chemicals used for weed control are called (Herbicides)
745. First discovered herbicide (2,4-D)
746. Most widely used herbicide in Kerala (Paraquat)
747. A non selective herbicide (Glyphosate)
748. Minimum germination percentage of good quality paddy seeds (80% )
749. Maximum moisture content in paddy seed (13%)
750. The cloud which is found at a height of 500m(Stratus)
751. South-West monsoon contribute--------------% of total annual rainfall in Kerala (60)
752. Top soil is other wise called (Furrow slice)
753. Products of weathering give rise to characteristic layering called (Horizon)
754. Biochemically weathered upper portion of Regolith is (Soil)
755. Inorganic matter comprises ----% of soil (45%)
756. Propogation method in guava (Airlayering)
757. A crop propagated by root cutting (Bread fruit)
758. Instrument used for measuring relative humidity in the crop field (Psychrometer)
759. Cropping system in the homestead areas of Kerala (Multitier cropping system)
760. Spacing for Nendran variety of Banana (2m X 2m)
761. Vertical section of soil showing various layers from surface to bed rock (Soil
profile)
762. Relative proportion of soil particle in a soil mass (Soil texture)
763. Arrangement of soil particle in a soil mass (Soil structure)
764. Branches used for bush pepper propagation (Plagiotropes)
765. Percentage of Nitrogen in urea (46)
766. Soil horizons A,B,C are jointly called (Regolith)
767. Percentage of Potassium in Potassium sulphate (50)
768. Most important form of wind erosion (Saltation)
769. In kerala black soils are seen in -------area (Chittoor)
770. Red soils are seen in -------district of Kerala (Thiruvanathapuram)
771. Important nitrogen deficiency symptom (Yellowing of lower leaves)
772. Phosphorus deficiency symptom (Leaves become purple in colour)
773. Study of vegetable crops (Olericulture)
774. Study of fruit crop (Pomology)
775. Study of ornamental crops (Floriculture)
776. Study of field crops (Agronomy)
777. Azolla is a-----------plant (Water fern )
778. Study of grasses (Agrostology)
779. Most predominant soil group in Kerala (Laterite)
780. Who discovered Bordeaux mixture (Millardet)
781. Instrument used for soil collection in wet lands(Soil auger)
782. Instrument used for measuring wind velocity (Anemometer)
783. Instrument used for measuring wind direction (Wind vane)
784. Instrument used for measuring duration of solar radiation (Sunshine recorder)
785. Instrument used for measuring intensity of solar radiation (Luxmeter)
786.CITRUS CANKER IS CAUSED BY ---------(BACTERIA)
787.ECONOMIC THRESHOLD LEVEL FOR RICE BUG ------( 1 – 2 / BUG / HILL)
788.SREE RASHMI & SREE PALLAVI ARE VARIETIES OF ----------(COLOCASIA)
789.THE PLANTING DENSITY RECOMMENDED IN RUBBER ----------( 420 – 450)
790.LIMING IS NEEDED IN PADDY WHEN THE Ph IS BELOW ----------( 5.5)
791.FUSARIUM ROT AFFECTS ---------- PORTION OF PADDY ( LAEF SHEATH)
792.GRASSY STUNT IN PADDY IS TRANSMITTED BY ----( BROWN PLANT HOPPER)
793.WATER SHOUD BE DRAINED FROM THE PADDY FIELD------- DAYS BEFORE
HARVEST ( 13 DAYS)
794.THE STUDY OF GRASSES FOR ANIMAL CONSUMPTION IS ---- (AGROSTOLOGY)
795.THE SCIENCE OF ATMOSPHERE IS KNOWN AS --- (METEOROLOGY)
796.THE NATURAL SOIL AGGREGATES ARE CALLED -------( PEDS)
797.STUDY OF PLANT DISEASES IS KNOWN AS --------( PHYTOPATHOLOGY)
798.95 % OF PLANT TISSUES ARE MADE UP OF ---------( C, H, O)
799.ALKALI SOILS ARE EXCESSES IN ---------( SODIUM CONTENT)
800.WHICH SOIL GROUP COVERS LARGEST AREA OF INDIA ----------( ALLUVIAL)
801.THE WEATHERING CAUSES ----------(- DISINTEGRATION OF ROCKS )
802.WATER LOGGING OF SOIL INCREASES THE AVAILABILITY OF -------( IRON &
MANAGANESE)
803.IN THE PRODUCTION OF TOBACCO INDIA RANKS ----- IN THE WORLD --------( 3rd)
804.WHICH STATE IS MAXIMUM PRODUCER OF MANGO -------( UTTAR PRADESH)
805.THE MAXIMUM PRODUCTION OF COTTON IS IN THE STATE OF --------( GUJARATH)
806.THE PUNGENCY OF CHILLIES IS DUE TO AN ALKALOID KNOWN AS ---------(
CAPSAICIN)
807.ROOT OF NEW PLANT GOES DOWNWARD DUE TO THE GRAVITY IS KNOWN AS -----
--( GEOTROPISM)
808.THE MOST SUITABLE METHOD OF FERTILIZER APPLICATION IN FRUIT CROP IS ----
--( RING METHOD)
809.ZINC DEFICIENCY IN RICE CAUSES-------- (KHAIRA DISEASE)
810.AGALLOL IS USED FOR ---------( SEED TREATMENT)
811.BORDEAUX MIXTURE WAS DISCOVERED BY ---------( MILLARDET)
812.WHAT KIND OF AN INSECT IS A ‘PAINTED LADY’ -----------( BUTTERFLY)
813.SEASON FOR FIRST CROP ---------( APRIL – MAY TO SEP – OCT)
814.NEMATOLOGY IS A BRANCH OF SCIENCE WHICH DEAL WITH STUDY OF ----------(
NEMATODES)
815.CHEMICALLY VIRUSES ARE COMPOSED OF ----------( NUCLEICACID & PROTEIN )
816. Father of nematology? (Nathan Augustus Cobb)
817.Expand ’CAMPCO’ ? (The Central Arecanut and Cocoa Marketing and Processing
Co-operative Limited , Mangalore)

SOME IMPORTANT AGRI-RELATED INFORMATION

Soil types of kerala

In general, the soils of Kerala are acidic, kaolintic and gravelly with low CEC, low water
holding capacity and high phosphate fixing capacity. Climate topography, vegetation
and hydrological conditions are the dominant factors of soil formation. On the basis of
the morphological features and physico-chemical properties, the soils of the State have
been classified into red loam, laterite coastal alluvium, riverine alluvium, Onattukara
alluvium, brown hydromorphic, saline hydromorphic, Kuttanad alluvium, black soil and
forest loam.
Red loam
Red loams of Kerala are localized in occurrence and are found mostly in the southern
parts of Thiruvananthapuram district. These soils occur in catenary sequence along
with laterites and are found mainly as deposits by colluviation in foothills and small
hillocks. The rapid permeability of the surface soils also has been responsible for the
characteristic development of these loamy soils, which are very deep and
homogeneous without much expression of horizons. The soils have red colour, which
has been attributed to the presence of hematite or anhydrous ferric oxides. These soils
are essentially kaolinitic in nature, acidic in reaction, highly porous and friable. They are
low in organic matter content as well as in all the essential plant nutrients.
Laterite
Laterite of Kerala is typical kaolinitic weathering products of gneissic and granitic rocks
developed under humid tropical conditions. Heavy rainfall and high temperature
prevalent in the State are conductive to the process of laterisation. The surface soil,
which is reddish brown to yellowish red, is mostly gravelly loam to gravelly clay loam in
texture. The profiles have well-developed B-horizon with abundant ferruginous and
quartz gravels. The plinthite is characterized by a compact vesicular mass below the B-
horizon, composed essentially of a mixture of hydrated oxides of iron and aluminum.
The plinthite includes quarriable type that breaks into blocks and also non-quarriable
type that breaks into irregular lumps. Laterites are in general poor in available nitrogen,
phosphorus and potassium and are low in the bases. They have poor water-holding
capacity, CEC and high P fixing capacity with low organic matter content. They are
generally acidic with pH ranging from 4.5 to 6.2.
They cover about 65 per cent of the total area of the State, occupying a major portion of
the midland and mid-upland regions and are the most extensive of the soil groups
found in Kerala.

Coastal alluvium
These soils are seen in the coastal tracts along the West as a narrow belt with an
average width of about 10 km and have been developed from recent marine deposits.
They show incipient development. The texture is dominated by sand fraction with very
rapid permeability. The A horizon is usually thin and the surface textures observed are
loamy sand and sandy loam. These soils are acidic and of low fertility level. They are
also low in organic matter, clay and CEC.
Riverine Alluvium
These soils occur mostly along the banks of rivers and their tributaries. They show wide
variation in their physico-chemical properties depending obviously on the nature of
alluvium that is deposited and the characteristics of the catchment area through which
the river flows. Horizon differentiation is not well expressed. They are very deep soils
which surface texture ranging from sandy loam to clay loam. They are moderately
supplied with organic matter, nitrogen and potassium. They are acidic and poor in
phosphorus and lime.
Onattukara alluvium
These soils are confined to the Onattukara region comprising the Karunagapally,
Karthikapally and Mavelikara taluks of Kollam and Alappuzha districts. They occur as
marine deposits extending to the interior up to the lateritic belt. The soils are, in general,
coarse textured with immature profiles. In low-lying areas, the water table is high and
drainage is a problem. These soils have very rapid permeability. They are acidic in
reaction and are extremely deficient in all the major plant nutrients.
Brown hydromorphic
Hydromorphic soils, as a group, occur extensively in the State. These soils are mostly
confined to valley bottoms of undulating topography in the midland and to low lying
areas of coastal strip. They have been formed as a result of transportation and
sedimentation of material from adjacent hill slopes and also through deposition by
rivers. They exhibit wide variation in physico-chemical properties and morphological
features. The development of the soil profiles has occurred under impeded drainage
conditions. These soils, therefore, exhibit characteristic hydromorphic features like grey
horizons, mottling streaks, hard pans, organic matter depositions, iron and manganese
concretion, etc. Drainage is the major problem. They are moderately supplied with
organic matter, nitrogen and potassium and are deficient in lime and phosphorus.
Acidity is a problem in some areas.

Saline hydromorphic
These soils are usually seen within the coastal tracts of the districts of Ernakulam,
Alappuzha, Trissur and Kannur. The origin, genesis and development of these soils have
been under peculiar physiographic conditions. They are, therefore, not comparable with
the saline soils occurring in the other parts of the Country. The network of backwaters
and estuaries bordering the coast serves as an inlet of tidal waters to flow into these
areas, causing Salinity. Wide fluctuation in the intensity of salinity has been observed.
During the rainy season, the fields are flooded and most of the salt is leached out,
leaving the area almost free of the salts. Electrical conductivity of the soil during this
season ranges from 0.1 to 2.0 mmhos/cm2. The maximum accumulation of toxic salts
is observed during the summer months from March to April when electrical
conductivity rises to the range of 10 to 15 mmhos/cm2. These soils are in general
brownish, deep and imperfectly drained. The profile show wide variation in texture, as is
common in most of the alluvial soils. Being developed in areas with relatively high
ground water table, these soils show aquic properties. In some areas, undecomposed
organic matter is observed in the lower layers, causing problems of acidity. The Pokkali
(Ernakulam district) and kaipad (Kannur district) soils come under this category.
Kuttanad alluvium
The Kuttanad region covering about 875 km2 is a unique agricultural area in the world.
A good portion of this area lies 1-2 m below MSL and is submerged for major parts of
the year. The area is susceptible to seasonal ingress of saline water as a result of tidal
inflow from the sea. During the monsoons, the rivers and rivulets pour fresh water into
the area. As the North East monsoon recedes, seawater again enters the Vembanad
Lake and the whole area becomes saline. Hence, the soils of Kuttanad area are faced
with the serious problems of hydrology floods, acidity and salinity. Consequent on the
construction of the Thanneermukkam bund, salinity hazards have been considerably
reduced. The soils of Kuttanad form the typical waterlogged soils and are entirely
different from normal well-drained soils in their morphological, chemical and physical
characteristics. They can be grouped into three categories, the Kayal soils, the
karappadam soils and the Kari soils which are dealt with in the zone of Problem Areas.
Black soils
Black soils are restricted in their occurrence to Chittoor taluk of Palakkad district. They
are found to occur in patches and are considered as extension of the black cotton soils
observed in the adjacent Coimbatore district of Tamil Nadu. These soils are dark, low in
organic matter, calcareous, neutral to moderately alkaline (PH 7.0 to 8.5) and high in
clay content and CEC. Hence they exhibit the characteristic cracking during dry periods.
They are usually located in gently sloping to nearly level lands. The levels of potassium
and calcium are moderate and those of nitrogen and phosphorus, low.
In a relatively small area of 1000 ha. in Chittoor block, a highly dispersed soil termed as
"Poonthalpadam" soil, is seen. This soil occurs as a slushy layer to a depth of about
0.5m to 1.5m. A bed of limestone is seen beneath the slushy layer. The physical
properties like plasticity, cohesion, expansion and shrinkage are similar to those of the
regular soils of the Deccan.
Forest loam
Being the products of weathering of crystalline rocks under forest cover, they are
restricted in occurrence to the eastern parts of the State. They have immature profiles
with shallow soils, followed by gneissic parent material in various stages of weathering.
In areas with lesser canopy cover, signs of laterisation have been observed in the
profiles. They generally show vide variation in depth and are dark reddish brown to
black, with loam to silty loam texture. In denuded areas, leaching and deposition of
humus in the lower layers are observed. The B-horizon usually contains gneissic gravels
and boulders. These soils are generally acidic with PH ranging from 5.5 to 6.3. They are
rich in nitrogen; but poor in the bases because of heavy leaching.

Topographical classification of Kerala

Based on the physical features classified as given below:-

High Ranges (above 750m MSL)
The mountainous land (elevation: 750 m to 2500 m above MSL) along the Western
Ghats with jutting rocks and loamy soils constitutes the High Ranges. The two districts
of Wayanad and Idukki and the eastern parts of the other districts bordering the
Western Ghats come under this class. Most of the reserve forests of the state are in
this tract. The important peaks in the Western Ghats are Anamudi (2690 m), Mukunti
(2550m) and Nilgiris (2470m). The Palakkad gap with a width of 32 km is the largest
pass in the Western Ghats. In addition, there are a few other passes in the Ghats such
as Aramboli, kumali, kambam, Thevaram,Bodinaikannuur, karkken, periya and
Perambadi. Plantations of tea, coffee, rubber and cardamom dominate the High Range
region.
High land (75-750m above MSL)
This hilly tract on the western side of Western Ghats, comprising about 43 per cent of
the land and supporting 14 per cent of the population, is covered with forests and small
streams. Plantations of tea, coffee, cardamom and rubber are common. The soils are
generally forest loams, which show wide variation in depth with a very high percentage
of organic matter. A large percentage of the population of hill tribes lives in this region.
Midland (7.5-75m above MSL)
The midland plains comprising about 42 per cent of the land mass have an undulating
terrain intersected by numerous rivers, small hills and valley and 59 per cent of the
state's population live in this tract. The soil is mainly laterite and supports an intense
diversity of seasonal, annual and perennial crops like rice, sugarcane, tapioca banana,
ginger, coconut, arecanut, pepper, cashew, rubber etc.
Lowland (Up to 7.5m above MSL)
The lowland bordering the Arabian Sea is a strip of land running along the coast. This
region comprises about 10 per cent of the total area, supports 26 per cent of the
population and is characterized by marine landforms consisting of beach ridges and
beaches with swamps and lagoons. During monsoons, several places are liable to be
flooded, particularly 'Kuttanad' area which is situated below the sea level. This region is
noted for its picturesque backwaters with extensive paddy fields interspersed with
plantation of coconut and arecanut. The soil is generally sandy to sandy loam but
alluvial along the banks of rivers

Soil Conservation
Soil conservation is an effort made by man to prevent soil erosion in order to retain the
fertility of soil. It may not be possible to stop soil erosion entirely.
Any erosion such as gullies already formed should be tackled by construction of dams
or obstructions. Ploughing and tilling of land should be done along contour levels so
that the furrows run across the slope of land. Bunds should be constructed according
to contours. Trees reduce the force of straight winds and obstruct blowing away of dust
particles. Plants, grass and shrubs reduce the speed of flowing water. Therefore, such
vegetable cover should not be removed indiscriminately, where it dose not exist, steps
should be taken to plant it.
Natural vegetation cover prevents soil erosion in three ways : (i) The roots of plants
bind together the particles of soil; (ii) Plants check the force of wind so that it cannot
blow away the soil particles; and (iii) Plants lessen the force of rain as it reaches the
ground.

Measures for Soil Conservation

(i) Planting cover crops such as grasses, on uncultivated land. Trees should be
Planted along hill slopes.
(ii) Adoption of correct farming techniques such as contour ploughing and strip
Cropping,. Strip cropping is the practice of planting alternate rows of close growing
plants such as beans and peas, with open growing crops such as corn. This practice
prevents wind erosion.
(iii) Terracing, the practice of cutting steps in hillside, to create level land for
Cultivation.
(iv) Construction of check dams on steep slopes which prevent gully erosion and
Spread gullies.
(v) Creation of wind breaks by planting lines of trees, hedges or fences which
Obstruct the path of wind thereby reducing its speed and hence reducing soil erosion.
(vi) Controlling grazing of pastures.
(vii) Suspending cultivation for one season and more, so as to help the soil recover its
fertility.

INSTITUTIONS UNDER KERALA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY

FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE
1 College of Agriculture, Vellayani.PO., Thiruvananthapuram-695 522
2 College of Agriculture, Vellanikkara, KAU, P.O., Thrissur-680 656
3 College of Agriculture, Padannakkad, Kasargod-671 328
4 College of Forestry, Vellanikkara, KAU P.O., Thrissur-680 656
5 College of Co-opern., Banking & Mgt, KAU P.O., Vellanikkara-680 656

FACULTY OF VETERINARY & ANIMAL SCIENCES

6 College of Vety. & Animal Sciences, Mannuthy P.O. - 680 651
7 College of Vety. & Animal Sciences, Pookod, Wayanad
8 College of Dairy Science & Techno. Mannuthy P.O., Thrissur - 680 651

FACULTY OF FISHERIES
9 College of Fisheries, Panangad RO., Ernakulam-682 526

FACULTY OF AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

10 KCAET, Tavanur, Malappuram-679573

REGIONAL RESEARCH STATIONS OF KAU

1 Regional Agricultural Research Station (Northern Zone), Pilicode
2 Regional Agricultural Research Station (Central Zone), Pattambi
3 Regional Agricultural Research Station (Southern Zone), Vellayani
4 Regional Agricultural Research Station (Special problem area zone),Kumarakom
5 Regional Agricultural Research Station (Highrange Zone), Ambalavayal
6 Onattukara Regional Agricultural Research Station, Kayamkulam

OTHER RESEARCH STATIONS OF KAU

Agricultural Research Station, Mannuthy

Agronomic Research Station, Chalakudy
Aromatic & Medicinal Plants Research Station, Odakkali
Banana Research Station, Kannara
Cardamom Research Station, Pampadumpara
Cattle Breading Farm, Thumburmuzhi
Cashew Research Station, Anakayam
Cashew Research Station, Madakkathara
Cattle Infertility Scheme, Vellimadukunnu
Coconut Research Station, Balaramapuram
Cropping Systems Research Centre, Karamana
Farming Systems Research Station, Sadanandapuram, Kottarakkara
Fisheries Station, Puduvyppu
Livestock Research Station, Thiruvazhamkunnu
Pepper Research Station, Panniyur
Pineapple Research Station, Vazhakulam, Muvattupuzha

Pineapple Research Station, Vellanikkara

Rice Research Station, Moncompu
Rice Research Station, Vyttila
Sugarcane Research Station, Thiruvalla
Soil Conservation Research Centre, Konni
University Livestock Farm, Mannuthy
University Pig Breeding Farm, Mannuthy
University Poultry & Duck Farm, Mannuthy
Sales Counter, Mannuthy
Communication Centre, Mannuthy
Instructional Farm, Vellayani

OTHER MAJOR INSTITUTIONS IN AGRICULTURE SECTOR

KERALA AGRO INDUSTRIES CORPORATION LTD.

Kissan Jyothi, Fort, Thiruvananthapuram - 695 023
KERALA AGRO MACHINERY CORPORATION LTD.
Athani.P.O., Ernakulam - 683 585

KERALA STATE HORTICULTURAL PRODUCTS

DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
Poojappura, Thiruvananthapuram

STATE FARMING CORPORATION OF KERALA

Nellipally RC., Punalur, Kollam

TRIVANDRUM RUBBER WORKS Thiruvananthapuram - 695 007

KERALA KERAKARSHAKA SAHAKARANA FEDERATION (KERAFED)

Aristo Junction, Thiruvananthapuram - 695 007

THE PLANTATION CORPORATION OF KERALA

Kottayam - 686 004

OIL PALM INDIA LTD.

P.B. No. 1715, Kottayam - 686 039

KERALA STATE WAREHOUSING CORPORATION

P.B. No. 1727, Kochi - 682 016

KERALA STATE CO-OPERATIVE RUBBER MARKETING

FEDERATION LIMITED
P.B. No. 15, Gandhi Nagar, Kochi - 682 020

KERALA STATE CO-OPERATIVE MARKETING FEDERATION

Post Box. No. 2024, Gandhi Nagar, Kochi - 682020

KERALA LAND DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION

Thycadu, Thiruvananthapuram - 695 014

SMALL FARMER'S AGRI BUSINESS CONSORTIUM

Thiruvananthapuram

STATE AGRICULTURAL PRICES BOARD

Statue, Thiruvananthapuram - 695 001

VEGETABLE AND FRUIT PROMOTION COUNCIL KERALAM

Mythri Bhavan, Kakkanad, Kochi - 682 030
FERTILISERS AND CHEMICALS TRAVANCORE LTD. (FACT)
P.B. No. 15, Udyogamandal - 683 501

COCONUT DEVELOPMENT BOARD

Kera Bhavan, Kochi

RUBBER BOARD
Kottayam - 686 002

SPICES BOARD
P.B. No. 2277, Kochi - 682 025

TROPICAL BOTANIC GARDEN AND RESEARCH INSTITUTE

(TBGRI), Palode, Thiruvananthapuram

INDIAN INSTITUTE OF SPICES RESEARCH (IISR)

Marikunnu P.O., Kozhikode - 673 012

CENTRE FOR WATER RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT

AND MANAGEMENT (CWRDM)
Kunnamangalam, Kozhikode - 673 571

CENTRAL TUBER CROPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE (CTCRI)

Sreekariyam, Thiruvananthapuram - 695 017

CENTRAL PLANTATION CROPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE (CPCRI)

Kasaragod - 671 124

DIRECTORATE OF COCOA, ARECANUT & SPICES DEVELOPMENT

Kozhikode - 673 005

THE CASHEW EXPORT PROMOTION COUNCIL OF INDIA

P.B. No. 1709, Kochi - 682 016

REGIONAL RESEARCH LABORATORY

Industrial Estate P.O., Pappanamcode, Thiruvananthapuram - 695 069

CENTER FOR EARTH SCIENCE STUDIES Akkulam, P.B. No.7250, Thuruvikkal.P.O.,

Thiruvananthapuram - 695 031

RAJEEV GANDHI CENTRE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY

Melarannor Road, Pooiappura, Thiruvananthapuram

M.S. SWAMINATHAN RESEARCH FOUNDATION, KALPETTA

Agro Bio Diversity Centre

COIR BOARD
Coir House, Kochi - 682 016

Publications in the Farm Sector

1. Kerala Karshakan
Monthly
Farm Information Bureau
Kowdiyar P.O., Thiruvananthapuram
Annual Subscription – Rs 80/-
Lifetime Subscription – Rs 500/-
2. Kalpadhenu

Quarterly Publication
Communication Centre
Kerala Agriculture University
Mannuthy, Thrissur - 680 651
Annual Subscription – Rs 15/-
Five Years Subscription – Rs 60/-
Lifetime Subscription – Rs 150/-
3 Indian Nalikera Journal

Coconut Development Board

Kerabhavan, Ernakulam, Kochi- 682 011
Annual Subscription – Rs 40/-
Single Issue – Rs 4/-.
4. Rubber Magazine

Rubber Board
Kottayam – 686 002
Single Issue – Rs 2/-
Annual Subscription – Rs 20/-
Lifetime Subscription – Rs 250/-
5 Karshakasree Magazine

Malayalamanorama
Kottayam-1
Single issue – Rs 10/-
6. Karshakan Magazine

P.B. No.7
College Road
Kottayam-1
Single Issue – Rs 10/-
Annual Subscription – Rs 100/-
7 Spices India

Spices Board
Kochi.
Varieties of Important Crops:-
Rice
• Pavithra, Panjami, Uma, Karishma, Krishnanjana : Tolerant to gall midge biotype 5
• Remanika : Short duration variety
• Revathi : Medium duration
• Karishma, Krishnanjana : For kari soils in Kuttanad
• Karuna : Widely adaptable photo sensitive variety
• Deepthi : For high ranges of Kerala
• Makarom, Kumbham : For eastern lateritic belts during mundakan
• Harsha
Sesame
• Thilathara : Average yield 582 kg/ha
Blackgram
• Sumanjana
Cowpea
• Vyjayanthi : High yielding wine red poded
• Kairali
• Bhagyalakshmi
• Lola
• Subhra : Grain type

• Cucumber
• Soubhagya : Small to medium size, high yielding
• Mudicode : Attractive golden yellow fruits, High yielding
• Mudicode : High yielding, Attractive colour
• Arunima
Brinjal
• Neelima : First brinjal hybrid of KAU, bacterial wilt resistant
• Haritha : High yielding bacterial wilt resistant long duration variety
Bittergourd
• Priyanka : High yielding

Snakegourd
• Kaumudi : White type, long fruits, high yielding
Ash gourd
• KAU local : High yielding, highly adaptable
• Indu : High yielding, mosaic tolerant
Ridge gourd
• Haritha
Chinese Potato
• Nidhi : Early, high yielding
Greater yam
• Indu : High yielding

Black pepper
• Panniyur 6
• Panniyur 7
Cocoa
• CCRP 1,2,3,4,5 and 6
Sugarcane
• Madhumathi : High yielding mid late maturing, high jaggery quality and recovery

• KERALA-BASIC INFORMATION
• Location: North Latitude Between 80 - 18' and 120- 48'
East Longitude Between 740 - 52' and 770 - 22'
Area - 38,863 Sq.Km
Percentage of Area to the area of Indian Union - 1.18
Length of Costal Line - 580 KM
Highest Peak - Anamudi (2694 meters)
West flowing rivers - 41 Nos.
East flowing rivers - 3 Nos.
Districts - 14 Nos.
Taluks - 63 Nos.
Revenue Village - 1478 Nos.
Panchayat - 999 Nos.
Corporations - 5 Nos.
Municipalities - 53 Nos.
M.L.A.s Elected - 140 Nos.
Rajya Sabha - 9 Nos.
Community Development Blocks - 152 Nos.
Average Annual Rainfall - 2900 mm.
Percapita land - 0.12 ha.
Percapita production of food grain - 21.6 kg.
No. of Padasekharams - 7359
No. of Kurumulaku Samrakshana Samithies - 1409
No. of Haritha Sanghams - 1581

•
INSTITUTIONS UNDER Kerala Agri. University:-
Teaching Institutions
• College of Agriculture, Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram
• Kerala Veterinary College, Mannuthy, Thrissur
• College of Horticulture, Thrissur
• College of Agriculture, Padannakkad, Kasaragod
• College of Forestry, KAU Campus, Thrissur [1]
• College of Co-Operation, Banking & Management, KAU Campus, Thrissur
• College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, Thrissur
• College of Veterinary& Animal Sciences, Pookot, Lakkidi, Wayanad
• College of Fisheries, Panangad, Ernakulam
• College of Dairy Science & Technology, Idukki (Presently at Mannuthy, Thrissur)
• Kelappaji College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Tavanur, Malappuram
Research Stations
Northern Zone
• Regional Agricultural Research Station, Pilicode, Kasaragod
• Pepper Research Station, Panniyur, Kanhirangad, Kannur
High Range Zone
• Regional Agricultural Research Station, Ambalavayal, Wayanad
• Cardamom Research Station, Pampadumpara, Idukki
Central Zone
• Regional Agricultural Research Station, Pattambi, Palakkad
• Banana Research Station, Kannara, Thrissur
• Agronomic Research Station, Chalakudy, Thrissur
• Cashew Research Station, Madakkathara, Thrissur
• Cashew Research Station , Anakkayam, Malappuram
• Aromatic & Medicinal Plants Research Station, Odakkali, Ernakulam
• Pineapple Research Station, Vazhakulam, Muvattupuzha, Ernakulam
• Agricultural Research Station, Mannuthy, Thrissur
• Plant Propagation & Nursery Management Unit, KAU Campus, Thrissur

Special Zone of Problem Areas

• Regional Agricultural Research Station, Kumarakom, Kottayam
• Rice Research Station, Vyttila, Kochi
• Rice Research Station , Moncompu, Alappuzha
• Sugaracane Res.Station, Thiruvalla, Pathanamthitta
• Agricultural Drainage Scheme, Karumady, Alappuzha
Onattukara Zone
• Regional Agricultural Research Station , Kayamkulam, Alappuzha
Southern Zone
• Regional Agricultural Research Station, Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram
• Cropping Systems Research Centre, Karamana, Thiruvananthapuram
• Coconut Research Station, Balaramapuram, Thiruvananthapuram
• Farming Systems Research Station, Sadananthapuram, Kottarakkara, Kollam
• Soil Conservation Research Centre , Konni, Pathanamthitta
Research Stations not covered under NARP set up
• Cattle Infertility Scheme, Vellimadukunnu, Kozhikode
• Cattle Breeding Farm, Chalakudy, Thrissur
• Livestock Research Station, Thiruvazhamkunnu, Palakkad
• Poultry & Duck Farm, Mannuthy, Thrissur
• University Livestock Farm, Mannuthy, Thrissur
• Centre for Pig Breeding & Research, Mannuthy, Thrissur
• Fisheries Station, Puduveypu, Kochi

Training & Extension Centres

• Communication Centre, Mannuthy, Thrissur
• Central Training Institute, Mannuthy, Thrissur
• Agricultural Technology Information Centre, Mannuthy, Thrissur
• Information and Sales Centre, Mannuthy, Thrissur
• Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Sadananthapuram, Kollam
• Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Pattambi, Palakkad
• Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Ambalavayal, Wayanad

• Krishi Vigyan Kendra, KAU Campus, Thrissur

• Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Kumarakom, Kottayam
• Krishi Vigyan Kendra Kannur (Conducted and hosted first Farmers' Science
Congress)The kendra has a subsurface dyke in its farm as part of the rainwater
harvesting demonstration unit. The kendra has pioneered a new branch of agricultural
extension called Creative Extension
• Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Tavanur, Malappuram

AGRICULTURAL REVOLUTIONS IN INDIA:-

Revolution:- Related with:-
Green Revolution Food grain Production
Golden Revolution Fruit Production
Grey Revolution Fertilizer Production
Blue Revolution Fish Production
Black Revolution Petroleum Production
Pink Revolution Prawn Production
Round Revolution Potato Production
Red Revolution Meat/Tomato Production
Silver Revolution Egg/Poultry Production
White Revolution Milk Production
Yellow Revolution Oil seeds Production

Important breeds of cattle :-

• The domestication of cattle appears to have taken place before 4000 BC. In India
there are 26 well defined breeds of cattle.
• They are classified into 3 different categories based upon their utility.
Milch breeds

• Gir, Sahiwal, Red Sindhi, Tharparkar

Draught breeds
• Amrit Mahal, Nagori, Malvi, Hallikar, Khillari, Kangayam, Krishna Valley
Dual purpose breeds
• Ongole, Nirmari, Hariana, Deoni, Kankrej, Dangi
1. Among buffaloes the important breeds include Murrah, Nili - Ravi, Surti, Jaffara badi,
Mehsana and Nagpuri. In Andhra Pradesh a new breed known as Godavari was evolved
through grading up of local buffaloes with Murrah over generations.
2. India shares 50% of the total buffalo population of the world.
3. The contribution of buffalo milk towards the total milk production in our country is
nearly 60% eventhough the buffalo population is 1/3rd the cattle population.
Important breeds of cattle in India
1. Sahiwal
2. Gir
3. Kangayam
4. Red Sindhi
5. Tharparkar
6. Hallikar
7. Kankrej
8. Amrit Mahal
9. Ongole
VARIETIES OF IMPORTANT CROPS OF INDIA AT A GLANCE:-

Field Crops
Sl.No. Crop Varieties
1. Paddy Taichung-Sanyu, Arkavati, Swarna dhan, mansarovar, Mahsuri, IR-31851-6-3-3-
2, C-14-8
2. Green Gram Pusa-105, Pusa-115, Ml-322
3. Black Gram Type-9,Mash-64, Ph-768

Plantation Crops
Sl.No. Crop Varieties
1. Coconut Andaman tall, Katchal tall, Malayan Dwarf orange, Dwarf yellow, Dwarf
Green, Hybrids TXD(local), DXT, East coast tall
2. Arecanut Andaman local , Mangla,Samridhi,Calicut-17,Caliocut-31, Calicur-35
3. Cashewnut Grafted early flowering once, VR-1, VR-2

Spices
Sl.No. Crop Varieties
1. Black Pepper Panniyur hybrid-
1,Subhakara,Karimunda,Panchami,Pournami,Kottanadan
2. Cinnamon Ceylon(local)
3. Bay leaf Goood Local
4. Nutmug Grafted
5. Turmeric Gl-Duran III, CLS-22
6. Ginger Nadia,Jorhat,Wynod,Rio-Dejenerio,Mahima

Sl.No. Crop Varieties

1. Tomato Pusa rubi,Arka shorab, Punjab chuhara,Phule-16,Bt-105,Tomato-415,LE-
37014,
BWR-14,Hybrid,PKM-I,CAV-1,CAV-2
2. Bhendi Parbhani kranti, Arka anamika,Varsha,,Indam-9821,Vijay, A.Abhay
3. Brinjal Arka nidhi, Arka keshav,Ches-243,BB-46, Mukta Keshi
4. Cowpea Pusa Barsati,Pusa Komal,Pusa Dofasli, Pusa Phalguni,Sel 61-B, Laffa SPL,
Long green, CO-1
5. Bottle gourd BGL round, Pusa summer prolific long(PSPL), Pusa summer prolific
round(PSPR), Arka Bahar
6. Cucumber Poinsett, Japanese green, Priya, Pusa sanjog
7. French Bran Arka Komal , Contender, Sel-2,Arka surida
8. Snake gourd Long green, Co-1
9. Pumpkin Arka Suryamukhi, Co-1,A.Chandan
10. Poi Green leaves, White Bombai
11. Spinach All green, Pusa Jyoti, Green leaves
12. Amaranthus Indam-1(OP), Green Leaves, Red & Green, CO-1
13. Chilli Pusa Jwala, I-red, Pant C-1, Suryamukhi (HYB)
14. Radish Pusa Chetki, Japanese White
15. Capsicum Hybrid Bharat, Bull nose, California wonder
16. Cauliflower Silver moon, F1-Hybrid, Chandramukhi. Safed Moti, Best Early
17. Cabbage Ganesh Gol, Early Drumhead
18. Knolkhol CO-1, White Viena
19. Carrot Early nantes
20. Cluster Beans Pusa Naba Bahar

Fruits
Sl.No. Crop Varieties
1. Banana Dwarf cavendish, Robusta, Nendran, Poovan,Red Banana
2. Mango Arka Anmol, Bangana Palli, Neelam, Malgova, Banglora, Local Selections
3. Sapota Cricket ball, PKM-192, Kali patti,
4. Pineapple Queen, Gaint kew
5. Guava Red fleshed, Arka Mridula, Allahabad Safeda, Atom bomb, Kegi guava
6. Orange Coorg, Kino, Nagpur, Sangtra
7. Musambi Sathugudi
8. Lime Kagzi, Pati
9. Aonla Seedlng Banarasi

Flower
1. Orchids Dendrobium sp., Bulbophyllum sp.
2. Gerbera Versace(pink)
3. Tuberose(Double
& Single) Single & Double, Calcutta Local
4. Anthurium Agnihothri, Honey (all Colours)
5. Marigold Pusa Naragni, Pusa Basanti
6. Orchid for essence Vanilla planifolia
CROP VARIETIES RELEASED BY KERALA AGRI. UNIVERSITY:-

The University has released the following improved varieties in rice, coconut,
vegetables, pepper, cashew, sesame, sugarcane, tuber crops, cowpea, cocoa and other
crops.
Sl.No Name of Variety Year Pedigree / Salient Features
Rice
1 Ptb 39-Jyothi 1974 Ptb-10 x IR-8 (HS)
2 Ptb 40-Sabari 1974 IR8/2 x Annapoorna (HS)
3 Ptb 41-Bharathy 1974 Ptb 10 x IR-8 (HS)
4 Ptb 42- Suvarnamodan 1976 ARC-11775 (S )
5 Ptb 43- Swarnaprabha 1985 Bhavani x Triveni (HS)
6 Ptb 44-Reshmi 1985 Oorpandy (Mutation)
7 Ptb 45-Matta Triveni 1990 Reselection from Triveni
8 Ptb 46-Jayathi 1990 IR 2061 x Triveni (HS)
9 Ptb 47-Neeraja 1990 IR 20 x IR 5 (HS)
10 Ptb 48-Nila 1992 (Triveni x Vellathil Kolappala) x Co-25
11 Ptb 49-Kairali 1993 IR 36 x Jyothi (HS)
12 Ptb 50-Kanchana 1993 IR 36 x Pavizham (HS)
13 Ptb 51-Aathira 1993 BR 51-46-1 x Cul 23332-2 (HS)
14 Ptb 52-Aiswarya 1993 Jyothi x BR-51-46-1
15 Ptb 53-Mangala Mashuri 1998 Reselection from Mashuri
16 Ptb 54-Karuna 1998 CO.25 X H4 (HS)
17 MO 4-Bhadra 1978 IR 8 x Ptb 20 (HS)
18 MO 5-Asha 1981 IR 11 x Kochuvithu (HS)
19 MO 6-Pavizham 1985 IR 8 x Karivenal (HS
20 MO 7-Karthika 1987 Triveni x IR 15399 (HS)
21 MO 8-Aruna 1990 Jaya x Ptb 33 (HS)
22 MO 9-Makom 1990 ARC 6650 x Jaya (HS)
23 MO 10-Remya 1990 Jaya x Ptb 33 (HS)
24 MO 11-Kanakam 1990 IR 1561 x Ptb 33 (HS)
25 MO 12-Ranjini 1996 MO 5 x Improved Sona (Pedigree selection)
26 MO 13-Pavithra 1998 Surekha X MO5 (Pedigree selection)
27 MO 14-Panchami 1998 Pothana X MO5 (Pedigree selection)
28 MO 15-Remanika 1998 Mutant of Mo1
29 MO 16-Uma 1998 MO6 X Pokkali (Pedigree selection)
30 MO17-Revathy 1998 Cul. 1281 X MO6 (Pedigree selection)
31 MO18-Karishma 1998 Mo1 X MO6 (Pedigree selection)
32 MO19-Krishnanjana 1998 MO1 X MO6 (Pedigree selection)
33 Kym 1-Lakshmi 1981 Kottarakkara 1 x Poduvi (HS)
34 Kym 2-Bhagya 1985 Tadukkan x Jaya (HS)
35 Kym 3-Onam 1985 (Kochuvithu x TNI) x Triveni
36 Kym 4-Dhanya 1992 Jaya x Ptb 4 ( HS)
37 Kym 5-Sagara 1993 Oorumundakan local (MS)
38 Vyttila 3 1987 Vyttila 1 X TN-1(HS)
39 Vyttila 4 1993 Chettivirippu x IR 4630-22-2-17(HS)
40 Vyttila 5 1996 Mashuri (Mutation)
41 ACV-I-Arathy 1993 Jaya x Ptb 33 (HS)
42 Hraswa 1993 IR-8 x T-140 (HS)
43 Deepthi(WND-3) 1998 Edavaka(PS)
44 Makaram(KTR 1) 1998 Cheradi local (MS)
45 Kumbham 1998 Cheradi local (MS)
46 Ahalya 1998 (Ptb 10 x TN I ) x TN I
47 Harsha 2001
48 Manupriya 2006 (PK3355-5-1-4) x Bhadra
A high yielding, photo insensitive, short duration (100-105 days), non-lodging, red
kernelled hybrid derivative suitable for kole lands.
49 Anashwara 2006 Mutant of PTB 20.
A photoperiod sensitive semi-tall rice variety suitable for Rabi.
50 VTL-7 2006 Hybrid between IR8 x Patnai 23.
High yielding, non-lodging, semi-tall variety having tolerance to salinity, acidity and
flood. Suitable for pokkali area.
Coconut
1 Lakshaganga 1989 LO x GB (H)
2 Keraganga 1989 WCT x GB (H)
3 Anandaganga 1989 AO x GB (H)
4 Kerasree 1992 WCT x MYD (H)
5 Kerasowbhagya 1993 WCT x Strait Settlement Apricot (H)
6 Kerasagara 2006 Selection from Seychelles (SE Asia).
Tall palms, flower in 8 years, light green nuts, mean yield 99nuts/palm/year.
Vegetables

Bittergourd
1 Priya 1976 Kannur local (S)
2 Priyanka 1996 Local Selection
3 Preethi 1996 MC 84 selection
Snakegourd
1 Kaumudi 1996 Local selection
Ash Gourd
1 KAU Local 2001 BH 21
2 Indu 2001 AG 1
Ridge Gourd
1 Haritha 2001
Pumpkin
1 Ambili 1988 CM 14 (S)
2 Suvarna(CM 349) 1998 CM349 (SPS)
Bhindi
1 Kiran 1990 Kilichundan local (S)
2 Salkeerthi 1998 Reselection from NBPGR NO.144
3 Aruna 1998 NBPGR No. 1343(SPS)
Amaranthus
1 Arun 1992 Palapoor local (MS)
2 Renusree 2006 Green amaranth evolved through selection. High yielding variety (15.5
t/ha) having green leaves and purple stem with low anti-nutritional factors.
3 Krishnasree 2006 Red amaranth evolved through selection. High yielding (14.8t/ha)
with high nutritive value and low anti-nutritional factors.
Winged bean
1 Revathy 1996 SLS-47 (MS)
Vegetable Cowpea
1 KMV-1 1996 Manjeri Red Plain
2 Malika 1992 Single plant selection from Thiruvananthapuram
3 Sharika 1993 Valiyavila local (SPS)
4 Kairali 2001
5 Bhagyalakshmi 2001
6 Lola 2001
7 Vyjayanthi(VS 21-1) 1998 Perumpadavam local(PS)
5 Vellayani Jyothika 2006 Selection from Sreekaryam local.
High yielding(19.33t/ha) with long light green pods.
Chilli
1 Jwalamukhi 1990 Vellanochi x Pusa Jwala (HS)
2 Jwalasakhi 1990 Vellanochi x Pusa Jwala (HS)
3 Ujwala 1996 CA 219-1-19-6 (SPS)
4 Vellayani Athulya 2006 Selection from local collection.
High yielding (650.33g/plant),early maturing, shade tolerant, green chilli variety with
light green, medium pungent fruits having excellent quality.
Tomato
1 Sakthi 1993 LE 79 (S)
2 Mukthi(LE 79-5) 1998 LE 79(CL32D-0--1-19GS)(PS)
3 Vellayani Vijai 2006 Introduction and selection from CLN1621F (AVRDC, Taiwan).
High yielding (1.34kg/plant), compact, early maturing variety having bacterial wilt
resistance and high temperature tolerance.
Brinjal
1 Surya 1990 SM6-7 (SPS)
2 Swetha 1996 SM6-6 (SPS
3 Haritha 1998 SM-141(SPS)
4 Neelima 1998
Oriental pickling melon
1 Soubhaghya(CM-8) 1998 Valakkavu local(PS)
2 Mudicode 2001 CS 26 Local collection from Mudicode
3 Arunima 2001
Okra
1 Anjitha 2006 Inter specific hybridization followed by mutation breeding and selection.
High yielding (14.6t/ha), early maturing, YVM resistant variety.
2 Manjima 2006 Hybrid(Gowreesapattom local x NBPGR/TCR-874).
High yielding(16t/ha), early maturing, YVM resistant variety.
Hyacinth bean/Dolichos bean
1 Hima 2006 Selection from local collection.
High yielding (13.34kg/plant), hardy, medium maturing, pole type with white flowers,
light green broad and straight pods and coffee brown seeds.
2 Grace 2006 Selection from local collection.
High yielding (13.6kg/plant), hardy, early maturing, pole type with purple stem, lilac
flowers and slightly curved greenish purple pods and black seeds.
Cashew
1 Anakkayam-1 1987 Bapatla Collection - Tree 139-1 (S)
2 Madakkathara-1 1987 Bapatla Collection - Tree-39-4 (S)
3 Madakkathara-2 1990 NDR-2-1 (S)
4 Kanaka 1993 Anakkayam 1 x H-3-13 (H)
5 Dhana 1993 LGD 1-1 x K 30-1 (H)
6 Dharasree 1996 Tree No. 30 x BRZ-18 (H)
7 Sulabha 1996 T 28 of RCRS Kottarakkara (Intr.&Select.)
8 Mrudula 1996 PTR-1-1 (S)
9 Priyanka 1996 BLA 139-1 x K 30-1 (H)
10 Anagha 1998 Tree 20 X K-30-1(HS)
11 Amrutha 1998 BLA-139-1(F) X K-30-1(M) (H)
12 Akshayai 1998 H-4-7(F) X K-30-1(M) (HS)
13 Poornima 2006 BLA 139-1 x K-30-1
A high yielding (14.08kgnuts/tree/year), compact, intensively branching, mid season,
cashew hybrid with export grade nuts, high shelling percentage and kernal weight.

PEPPER
1 Panniyur-2 1990 Balancotta (Selection from open pollinated progeny)
2 Panniyur-3 1990 Uthirankotta x Cheriyakaniyakadan (H)
3 Panniyur-4 1990 Kuthiravaly (Selection)
4 Panniyur-5 1996 Perumkodi (Selection from open pollinated progeny)
5 Panniyur-6 2001
6 Panniyur-7 2001
Cardamom
1 PV-1 1987 Walayar local (CS)
Cinnamon
1 Sugandhini 2001
Turmeric
1 Kanthi 1996 Mydukur (SPS)
2 Sobha 1996 Methala local (SPS)
Aromatic & Medicinal Plants
1 Lemongrass- OD-19 1988
2 Thippali-Viswam 1996 KAU-LPI (SPS)
Chethi-koduveli
1 Mridhula 2006 Clonal selection.
High root yield (2.94t/ha-dry) and low plumbagin content (0.22%). Can be used without
curing in the preparation of indegenous medicines.
2 Agni 2006 Clonal selection.
High root yield (2.65t/ha-dry) and high plumbagin content (0.80%)..Suitable for the
extraction of plumbagin.
Atalodakam
1 Ajagandhi 2006 Clonal selection.
Medium tall plants with long and broad leaves and high vasicine content (2.46%).
Average whole plant yield (dry)-12.37t/ha. Preferred for leaf crop.
2 Vasika 2006 Clonal selection.
Medium tall plants with narrow leaves and high proportion of roots & vasicine content
(2.55%). Average whole plant yield (dry)-11.25t/ha. Preferred for root crop.
Adapathyan
1 Jeeva 2006 Clonal selection.
Purple cordate plant type with long internodes, high yield of thick, sweet roots (1.50t/ha
dry root) with high soluble sugar content (8.33%).
Mushroom
1 Oyster mushroom -Ananthan 1996 Natural flora
Sugarcane
1 Madhuri 1990 CO 740 X CO 775 (H)
2 Thirumadhiram 1992 CO 740 x CO 6806 (H)
3 Madhurima 1996 CO 740 x CO 7318 (H)
4 Madhumathi 1998 CO 63 X CO 740(HS)
Sesame
1 Kayamkulam-1 1972
2 Thilothama 1987 PT-58-35 x KI (HS)
3 ACV-1-Soma 1985 Punjab type (PS)
4 ACV-2-Surya 1985 West Bengal type (PS)
5 ACV-3-Thilak 1993 Muthukulam local (PS)
6 Thilathara 1998 CST 785 X B 14(HS)
Cowpea
1 Ptb 1-Kanakamony 1977 Kunnamkulam local (PS)
2 Ptb 2-Krishnamani 1991 Kanakamony X Kozhingipayar (HS)
3 KYM-1-Pournami 1993 KYM-1 (S)
4 Shubhra 2001
Blackgram
1 KYM-I -Syama 1993 Introduction from Tamil Nadu
2 Sumanjana 2001
Ground nut
1 Sneha 1998 IES 883 X JL 24 ( Combination breeding)
2 Snighda 1998 Dh(E)32 X JL 24 ( Combination breeding)
Banana
1 BRS-1 1998 Agniswar X Pisanglilin (H)
2 BRS-2 1998 Vannan x Pisanglilin (H)
Cocoa
1 CCRP-1 1998 Local population(SPS)
2 CCRP-4 1998 Local population(SPS)
3 CCRP-5 1998 Selection from germplasm IV
4 CCRP-6 1998 Selection from germplasm VI
5 CCRP-7 1998 Selection from germplasm VI
6 CCRP-2 2001
7 CCRP-3 2001
Fodder Crops
Guinea grass
1 Haritha 1990
2 Marathakam 1993 FR-600(Mutation)
3 Harithasree 2006 Selection from JHGG-96-3
High fodder yield (66.1t/ha/year) with better quality. Dark green leaves and high
tillering.
Bajra Napier hybrid
Suguna 2006 Composite 9 x FD 431
High fodder yield (283.7t/ha/year) with better quality.Palegreen leaf sheath with
purplish pigmentation
Supriya 2006 TNSC 4 x FD 471
High fodder yield (272.7t/ha/year) coupled with better quality. Pale green leaves with
small hairs on both sides.
Tuber Crops
Chinese Potato
1. Nidhi 2001 Clonal selection from NBPGR accession CP 79
Sweet potato
1 ACV-1-Kanjangad 1992 Kanjanghad local (CS)
Cassava
1 Nidhi 1996 Koombuvella (CS)
2 KMC-1-Kalpaka 1996 Ramanthala(CS)
Greater yam
1 Indu ( KM-DA 1) 1998 TCR-5(IC-44209) (CS)
Coleus
1 Suphala 2006 A tissue culture mutant derived from local cultivar. A high yielding
(15.93t/ha) year round cultivable variety with a duration of 120-140days.
Orchids
1 Deep blush 2006 Hybrid between D.Nagoya Pink x D.[Candy Stripe x Tomie Drake].
Long arching inflorescence with 9-10 flowers. Flowers are large, magenta coloured,
double shaded and striped with full appearance.
2 Lemon Glow 2006 Hybrid between D.Chiangmai Pink x D. [Candy Stripe x Tomie
Drake].
Long, arching inflorescence with 10-12 flowers. Flowers are medium large, flat,
squarish in appearance, thick, glossy, light pink towards the outer side and greenish
white towards the centre.
3 Master Delight 2006 Hybrid between D.Sonia -17 x D.[Candy Stripe x Tomie Drake].
Long, arching inflorescence with10-12 flowers. Flowers are very thick, glossy and flat
with pointed petals and sepals giving a stellar appearance. Flower colour is dark purple
with very faint stripes and sepal tips are white.
4 Pink Cascade 2006 Hybrid between D. Nagoya Pink x D. [Candy Stripe x Tomie Drake].
Long, arching inflorescence with 8-10 flowers. Flowers are very thick, glossy, large, light
pink with prominent dark pink stripes throughout.
5 Velvet Soft 2006 Hybrid between D. Rungnapa x D. [Candy Stripe x Tomie Drake].
Long, arching inflorescence with 10-12 flowers. Flowers are very thick, glossy, large,
deep purplish magenta in colour and striped with white operculum and full appearance.
H - Hybrid; HS - Hybridisation and selection; SPS - Single plant selection; MS - Mass
selection; PS - Pureline selection; CS - Clonal selection

Average nutrient content of common manures and fertilizers:-

Material Nutrient content (%)
N P2O5 K2O
Ammonium sulphate 20.5 - -
Ammonium sulphate nitrate 26.0 - -
Ammonium nitrate 33.5 - -
Ammonium phosphate 20.0 20.0 -
Calcium ammonium nitrate 20.5 / 25.0 - -
Nitrate of soda 16.5 - -
Urea 46.0 - -
Superphosphate (single) - 18.0 -
Superphosphate (double) - 35.0 -
Superphosphate (triple) - 46.0 -
Mussooriephos - 18-20 -
Rajphos - 18-20 -
Muriate of potash - - 50 / 60
Bone meal 3.5 21.0 -
Fish meal 4.1 3.9 0.3-1.5
Poultry manure 1.2-1.5 1.4 -1.8 0.8-0.9
Sheep manure 0.8-1.6 0.3-0.4 0.3-0.4
FYM 1.0 0.5 1.0
Compost 0.5 0.4 0.8
Groundnut cake 7.0 1.5 1.5
Castor cake 4.3 2.0 1.3
Neem cake 5.0 1.0 1.5
Gingelly cake 6.2 2.0 1.2
Coconut cake 3.0 1.9 1.8
Note: Composition of organic manures vary widely
Neutralizing value of liming materials:-
Liming material Chemical formula Neutralizing value
Calcium carbonate (powdered lime stone) CaCO3 100
Burnt lime (quick lime) CaO 179
Slaked lime Ca(OH)2 136
Dolomite
CaMg(CO3)2 109

Preparation of some safer insecticidal materials for common use:-

Kerosene emulsion
This is a contact insecticide useful against many sucking insects. For preparing this,
slice 500 g of ordinary bar soap and dissolve in 4.5 litres of water by boiling. Cool and
add 9 litres of kerosene under violent agitation till the oil is fully emulsified. The stock
solution may be diluted with 15-20 times of water before spraying.

Tobacco decoction
This is very effective for controlling aphids and other soft-bodied insects infesting
vegetable crops. Tobacco decoction can be prepared by steeping 500 g of tobacco
waste in 4.5 litres of water for 24 hours. Dissolve 120 g of ordinary bar soap separately
in another vessel. The soap solution is added to tobacco decoction under violent
agitation. Dilute this stock solution 6-7 times before spraying.

Neem kernel suspension (NKS)

This is very effective as a repellent/deterrent against locusts, grasshoppers and other
chewing insects particularly lepidopterans. The kernel should be ground into a coarse
powder. The effective concentration of NKS ranges from 0.1 to 0.3%. For obtaining 0.1%
concentration, 1g of powered neem seed is required per litre of water. The required
quantity of the coarse powder should be put in a small muslin cloth bag and dipped in
water for about 12 hours. Thereafter, squeeze the cloth bag repeatedly so that the out-
flowing fluid turns light brownish. The NKS is now ready to be sprayed as such on
crops.

Neem oil + garlic emulsion (2%)

To prepare 10 litres of 2% neem oil + garlic emulsion, 200 ml neem oil, 200 g garlic and
50 g ordinary bar soap are required. Slice the bar soap and dissolve in 500 ml lukewarm
water. Grind 200 g of garlic and take the extract in 300 ml water. Pour the 500 ml soap
solution in 200 ml neem oil slowly and stir vigorously to get a good emulsion. Mix the
garlic extract in the neem oil + soap emulsion. Dilute this one litre stock solution by
adding 9 litres of water to get 10 litres of 2% neem oil + garlic emulsion.

Preparation of common fungicides:-

Bordeaux mixture (1%)

Dissolve 1 kg of powdered copper sulphate crystals in 50 litres of water. In another 50
litres of water, prepare milk of lime with 1 kg of quick lime. Pour the copper sulphate
solution into the milk of lime slowly stirring the mixture all the while. Test the mixture
before use for the presence of free copper, which is harmful to the plants, by dipping a
polished knife in it. If the blade shows a reddish colour due to the deposits of copper,
add more lime till the blade is not stained on dipping. Always use wooden, earthen or
copper vessels for the preparation of Bordeaux mixture.

In order to confer sticking qualities to Bordeaux mixture, rosin washing soda mixture,
may be added. The addition of the sticker is particularly recommended for sprayings
conducted during rainy season. For preparing the mixture, 10 litres of water out of 100
litres required for preparing Bordeaux mixture may be kept apart. Boil 10 litres of water,
preferably in an earthen pot and add 500 g of good quality washing soda (sodium
carbonate). Boil again until the solution becomes slightly dark in colour. Add 1 kg of
powdered rosin (arpoos) in the boiling washing soda solution. Reduce the flame for
avoiding frothing, foaming and spilling over. Boil the solution for 5-10 minutes till black
bubbles appear. Cool the solution until the temperature reaches below 45ºC. The
cooled mixture (10 litres) is then added slowly to the prepared Bordeaux mixture (90
litres) under vigorous stirring.

Bordeaux paste
Dissolve 100 g of copper sulphate and 100 g of quick lime each in 500 ml of water
separately. Mix together to make one litre of the paste.

Cheshunt compound
Weigh 60 g copper sulphate and 330 g of ammonium carbonate. These two are well
powdered and thoroughly mixed. The dry mixture is stored in an airtight glass container
for 24 hours before use. About 25 g of this mixture is dissolved in a little hot water and
solution is made up to 8 litres with cold water and used for soil drenching.

PESTICIDE GUIDE
The pesticides may be applied according to the severity of infection in a need-based
manner. Whenever the government bans a chemical, recommendation for its use
automatically stands cancelled. Aluminium phosphide, DDT, lindane, methyl bromide,
methyl parathion, sodium cyanide and methoxy ethyl mercury chloride (MEMC) are
pesticides restricted for use in India. Methyl parathion (2% DP and 50% EC) is banned
on fruits and vegetables. Use of carbofuran 50% WP is banned. Use of phosphamidon
85% SL formulation is banned; but 40% SL formulations is in use.

Generic name Formulation Required concentration of ai in spray fluid ai/ha or actual

quantity of formulation required per ha for rice (R) or for other crops (OC) Remark
12345
A. INSECTICIDES
Organic sulphurous acid ester
Endosulfan Thiodan 35% EC/AF 0.05% Broad-spectrum action. Relatively safer to
beneficial insects and pollinators

Starsulfan 35% EC/AF

Hildan 35% EC/AF
Haxasulfan 35% EC/AF
Endocel 35% EC/AF
Parrysulfan 35% EC/AF
Corosulfan 35% EC/AF
Thiokill 35% EC/AF
Hexasulfan 4% DP 2 kg ai/ha (OC) For controlling pests infesting vegetables
Parrysulfan 4% DP
Thiotox 4% DP
Carbamates
Carbaryl Sevin 5% DP 2.0 kg ai/ha (R, OC) Broad-spectrum insecticidal action. Effective
against a wide range of pests. Not recommended for control of mites. Should not be
sprayed in crops at flowering
Sevin 10% DP
Carvint 10% DP
Hexavin 5% DP
Hexavin 10% DP
Sevin 50% WP 2.5 kg. (R, OC)
Killex Carbaryl 50% WP 0.15-0.20% 2.5 kg (R, OC)
Killex Carbaryl 85% WP 0.15-0.20% 2.0 kg
Carvint 85% WP -
Carbaryl + Lindane granules Sevidol 8% - 1.5% kg ai/ha (R) For broad spectrum pest
control in rice
Carbofuran Furadan 3 G - 0.5 to 0.75 kg ai/ha (R) For pest control in rice
Hexafuran 3 G -
Organophosphorus compounds
Methyl parathion Metacid 50% EC/AF 0.05% 500 ml (R) Rapid knock down action.Not
to be used against pests supporting a wide spectrum of natural enemies. Avoid use of
sub-optimal quantities. Restricted to crops where honey bees are not pollinators.
Metacid 2% DP 0.5 kg ai/ha (OC)
Parament M 50% EC/AF 0.05% 500 ml (R)
Parataf 2% DP
Ekatox 2% DP 0.5 kg ai/ha (OC)
Parataf 50% EC/AF 0.05% 500 ml (R)
Fenitrothion Folithion 50% EC/AF 0.05% 1000 ml (R) Contact and stomach action -
toxicity broad spectrum
Sumithion 50% EC/AF 1000 ml
Sumithion 5% DP 2 kg ai/ha (R)
Accothion 50% EC/AF 1000 ml (R)
Mercaptothion Malathion 25% WP 0.10 % 1000 ml (R) Safe insecticide for controlling
pests of vegetables and storage pests
Malathion 50% EC/AF
Malamar 50% EC/AF
Cythion 50% EC/AF
Star Mal 50% EC/AF
Cythion 5% DP 0.5 kg ai/ha (OC) For control of pests of vegetables
Malatox 50% EC
DDVP Vapona 76% EC/AF 0.05% 500 ml of 100% EC (R, OC) or equivalent Contact and
fumigant; less residual; toxicity lasts for only 24 hours; safer to be applied on
vegetables.
Divap 100% EC/AF
Nuvan 100% EC/AF
Marvex Super 100 % EC/AF
Quinalphos Ekalux 25% EC/AF 0.025 % to 0.05% 1000 ml (R) Broad spectrum toxicity;
particularly effective against mealy bugs and scale insects
Kinalux 25% EC/AF
Quinalphos 25% EC/AF
Quinalphos 5% G 1.5 kg ai/ha For rice pests control
Quinalphos 1.5% DP 25 kg For control of cardamom thrips.
Phosalone Zolone 35% EC/AF 0.07% 1000 ml (R) Broad spectrum insecticide cum
acaricide
Fenthion Lebaycid 50 % EC/AF 0.05 % 1000 ml (R) For effective control of rice stem
borer and other pests of rice
Dimethoate Rogor 30% EC 0.03 % to 0.05% 1000 ml (R) Systemic insecticide cum
nematicide
Tara 909 30% EC/AF
Killex-Dimethoate 30 % EC/AF
Corothioate 30% EC/AF
Nugor 30% EC/AF
Hilthoate 30% EC/AF
Methyl demeton Metasystox 25% EC/AF 0.05% 1000 ml (OC) Strongly systemic;
effective against sucking insects.
Formothion Anthio 25% EC/AF 0.05% 1000 ml (R, OC) Systematic insecticide cum
acaricide.
Monocrotophos Nuvacron 40% EC/AF 0.05% 600 ml of 40 % EC (R, OC) Systemic,
persistent; long residual action; has ovicidal action.
Monocil 40% EC/AF
Corphos 36% EC/AF
Monophos 40% EC/AF
JK Mono 36%
Kadett 36%
Phoskill 36%
Hillcron 36%
Phosphamidon Only 40% SL is in use 0.05%Systemic with weak contact toxicity;
insecticide cum acaricide.
Phorate Timet 10% G 1.5 kg ai/ha Systemic granular insecticide cum nematicide; for
pest control in rice and banana
Phorate 10% G
JK Phorate 10% G
Umet 10% G
Trichlorfon Dipterex 50% EC/AF 0.1% 800 ml Useful only against chewing insects;
contact action feeble.
Thiometon Ekatin 25% EC/AF 0.10% (OC) Systematic; effective against sap sucking
insects.
Chlorpyrifos Dursban 20% EC/AF 0.02 (R, OC) Effective against stem borers and gallfly.
Useful for root dipping.
Phenthoate Phendal 50% EC/AF 0.08% (R) 750 ml for rice leaf fodder and thrips Broad
spectrum with ovicidal and larvicidal action
Elsan 50% EC/AF
Phendal 2% DP 0.5 kg ai/ha
Triazophos Hostathion 40% EC/AF 0.25 kg ai/ha 625 ml Effective against rice leaf
folder.
Acephate Asataf 75 SP
Starthene 75 SP 600 g ai/ha 800 g Effective against rice leaf folders.
Chloronicotinyl
Imidacloprid Confidor 200 SL 0.006 150 ml/ha Effective against brown plant hopper
B. FUNGICIDES
Generic names Formulations Required concentration in spray formulation required per
ha for rice (R) or other crops (OC) Remarks
1234
Copper based products
Copper oxychloride Blitox 50 W 0.3-0.4 % ( R, OC) For foliar spray
Blue Copper 50 W
Cupramar 50 W
Esso Fungicide Copper
Fungimar Copper 50 W
Fytolan 50 W
Starcop 50 W
Killex Copper Fungicide 50 W
Sulphur based products
Sulphur Cosan 0.2-0.5 % (OC) For foliar spray against powdery mildew. Also effective
against mites.
Esso Wettable Sulphur
Thiovit 80 WP
Microsul 80% W
Carbamates and others
Ziram (zinc dimethyl dithio carbamate) Cuman-Z 27% 0.2-0.4% (R, OC) Residual acting
protective fungicide for foliar application
JK Ziram
Zineb (zincethylene bisdithio-carbamate) Dithane Z-78 0.2-0.4 % (R, OC)
Sandoz Zineb
Zineb 75
Hexathane 75 W
Thiram (tetramethyl thiuram disulphide) Thiride 75 WP 0.2-0.3 % (OC) For foliar spray,
soil and seed treatment
Hexathir 75 W
JK Thiram 75 W
Mancozeb (zinc ions and manganese ethylene bisdithiocarbamate) Dithame M-45 0.2-
0.4 (R,OC) Foliar fungicide
Indofil M-45
Manzeb 75% WP
Hilthane M-45
Uthane M-45
Organophosphorus compounds
Ediphenphos Hinosan 50% EC 0.1% of the formulated products (R) For control of blast
and sheath blight, high volume spray recommended.
H-Phos 50% EC
Chlorinated nitrobenzene
Dinocap Karathane 25% WP
Karathane 48% EC 0.05% spray of 48 EC or 300 g/ha of 25 WP For foliar spray for
powdery mildew control of cucurbits and rose
Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
Captan Captan 75% WP 0.1% (OC) For seed treatment at 1.5 g per kg seed
Hexacap 75% WP
Systemic fungicides
Carbendazim Bavistin 50%WP 500 g/ha (R, OC) Effective against powdery mildew
diseases in ornamental plants; and blast, sheath blight and sheath o r t of rice.
B-Stin
Bengard 50%WP
JK Stein 50% WP
Zoom 50% WP
Benomyl Benlate 50% WP 1-2 g/litre (R) Foliar fungicide for blast control in rice.
Caboxin Vitavax 80% WP 500 g of the formulated product / ha (R) For seed treatment
and for foliar application
Vitavax 75%
Kitazin Kitazin-P 48 EC 1 ml/litre (500 ml/ha) (R) For foliar spray against rice blast
Pyroquilon Fongorene 50 WP 2 g/kg seed For seed treatment
Tricyclazole Beam 75 WP 2 g/kg seed For seed treatment
Hexaconazole Contaf 5 EC 750 ml/ha For foliar spray against sheath blight
Propeconazole Tilt 25 EC 0.5 to 0.75 ml For foliar spray against sheath blight
Potassium phosphonate Akomin 40% 0.3 % Effective against Phytophthora foot rot of
pepper
Tridemorph Calixin 80% EC Coconut stem bleeding
Antibiotics
Antifungal materials Aureofungin sol 50 g/ha (R) For foliar spray
Antibacterial material Agrimycin-100 750 g in 500 l water (R, OC) For foliar spray
Plantomycin
Paushamycin
Streptocycline 15 g in 300 l water (R, OC)
Validacin 3 L Validamycin A 3% 2 m/l Control of sheath blight
C. HERBICIDES
Common names Commercial formulations and concentration Recommen-ded dose,
kg ai/ha Product per ha Crops recommended Hints on time and method of application
a. Selective herbicides

2,4-D sodium salt Fernoxone 80% WSP 0.8-1.0 1.0-1.2 kg Rice - for control of broad
leaved weeds and sedges Apply at 20-25 DAS / DAT
2,4-D amine Agrodar 96-58% WSL 0.8-1.0 1.4-1.71 Do Do
2,4-D ethyl ester Agrodon 34-48% EC 0.8-1.0 2.4-2.91 Do Mix with 40 kg slightly moist
soil and broadcast evenly at 4-5 DAT keeping 5 cm water in the soil.
Thiobencarb Saturn 50% EC 2 4.01 Rice – dry sown and transplanted Pre-emergent
spray at 0-6 DAS or at 6 DAT
Pendimethalin Stomp 30% EC 1.50 4.51 Rice - dry sown and vegetables Pre-emergence
spray at 0-6 DAS
Butachlor Machete 50% EC
Butachlor 50% EC 1.25 2.51 Rice - dry sown 0-6 DAS
Rice - wet sown 6-9 DAS
Rice - transplanted 6-9 DAT
Machete 5% G Rice - wet sown and transplanted Broadcast evenly on soil surface at 7
DAS or at 4-8 DAT
Oxyfluorfen Goal 23.5% EC 0.15 0.641 Rice – dry sown

Banana 0-3 DAS

Pre-emergent spray
Pretilachlor Refit 50% EC 0.75 1.51 Rice – dry sown 0-6 DAS
Pretilachlor +
safener Sofit 30% EC 0.45 1.51 Rice - wet sown 3-5 DAS
Cyhalofop butyl Clincher 10% EC 0.08 800 ml Rice - for control of Echinochloa sp. Spray
18-20 DAS
Anilofos Arozin 30% EC Aniloguard 30% EC 0.40 1.31 Rice – transplanted 6 DAT
Diuron Klass 80% WP 1.50 -3.00 1.9 -3.8 kg Banana
Pineapple Pre-emergence spray or directed spray when tank-mix with paraquat
Atrazine Atrazine 50% WP 2.00 4.0 kg Sugarcane Pre-emergence spray at 3 DAP
b. Non–selective herbicides
Paraquat Gramoxone 20% EC 0.4-0.8 2.0-4.01 Rice - land preparation

Plantation crops, pineapple and banana For clearing weeds before land preparation.
Directed application in inter-row areas.
Glyphosate Roundup 41%SL
Glycel 41% SL Weed All 41%SL 0.8 2.01 Do Do

DAS = Days after sowing; DAT = Days after transplanting; SP = Soluble powder; DP =
Dustable powder; G = Granules;
EC = Emulsifiable concentrate; AF = Aqua flowable; W= Wettable; WP = Wettable
powder; S = Soluble concentrate;
SL = Soluble liquid; WSP = Water soluble powder; WSL = Water soluble liquid

MAJOR CROPS OF KERALA-SOME STATISTICAL INFORMATION :-

Major Crops (2001-02) Area ('000 ha) Production ('000 tonnes)

Rice 322.37 703.54
Tapioca 119.19 2455.88
Banana & Other Plantain 106.05 769.08
Coconut (Million nuts) 905.78 5479
Arecanut 93.20 84.68
Pepper 203.96 58.24
Rubber 475.04 580.35
Ginger 10.71 40.18
Cardamom 41.34 8.38
Tea 36.89 66.09
Coffee 84.79 66.69

CALCULATION OF INSECTICIDAL FORMULATIONS:-

Quantity of commercial formulation=Qty of Spray fluid×Concentration of Spray fluid
Concentration of Commercial formulation
Eg.Calculate the quantity of Ekalux 25%EC required to spray Rice cultivated in an area
of 2 hectare at a concentration of 0.025%?(For spraying 1 hectare of Rice using high
volume sprayers , 500 Litres of spray fluid is required)
Ans.
ie; For 2 hectares of Rice , we require 2×500=1000 Litres
Concentration of spray fluid= 0.025%
Concentration of Commercial formulation= 25%
Quantity of Commercial formulation=1000×0.025 = 1 Litre
25
In the case of granular insecticide , where the rate of application of active ingredient is
specified , the quantity of Commercial formulation is calculated using the formula:-
Qty of Commercial Formulation=Rate of application in kgai/ha×Area in hectare×100
Concentration of Commercial Formulation
Eg.Calculate the quantity of Thimet 10% G required for 1 hectare of Rice when applied
at the rate of 1.25 kg ai/ha ?
Ans. Quantity of Thimet 10%G required= 1.25 ×1×100 =12.5 kg
10
CALCULATION OF FUNGICIDES:-
Quantity of Commercial Formulation= Volume of Spray fluid×Recommended conc. Of
spray fluid in %
(For calculations , the active ingredient concentration of all commercial fungicides is
taken as 100%)

Eg.Calculate the quantity of Bavistin 50WP required to prepare 10 Litres of 0.3% spray
solution ?
Ans.Quantity of Bavistin required= 10 Litre× 1000×0.3 = 30 gram
100
HERBICIDE CALCULATION :-
Quantity of Herbicide required=Rate of application in kgai/ha × Area in hectare × 100
Strength of commercial product
Eg. Calculate the quantity of Fernoxone 80% WSP required to control broad leaved
weeds in 2 hectares of Rice at a recommended rate of 1 kg ai/ha ?
Ans. Rate of application= 1 kg ai/ha
Area in hectare= 2 hectare
Concentration of Commercial product= 80%
ie; Quantity of Commercial product required= 1×2 ×100 =2.5 kg
80

SPACING RECOMMENDED FOR MAJOR CROPS OF KERALA

CROP RECOMMENDED SPACING
First crop medium duration Rice 20 cm × 15 cm
First crop short duration Rice 15 cm × 10 cm
Second crop medium duration Rice 20 cm × 10 cm
Second crop short duration Rice 15 cm × 10 cm
Third crop medium duration Rice 20 cm × 10 cm
Third crop medium duration Rice 15 cm × 10 cm
Black Gram 25 cm × 15 cm
CowPea( Grain type & Dual purpose) 20 cm × 15 cm( For dibbling )
CowPea( For Bush Vegetable type) 30 cm × 15 cm
CowPea( Semitrailing varieties ) 45 cm × 30 cm
CowPea( Trailing varieties ) 2 m × 2 m
Amorphophallus 90 cm × 90 cm
Colocasia 60 cm × 45 cm
Greater yam 1 m × 1 m
Lesser yam 75 cm × 75 cm
White yam 1 m × 75 cm
Sweet Potato 60 cm × 20 cm
Tapioca 90 cm × 90 cm
Tapioca(Non-branching M-4 variety) 75 cm × 75 cm
Cashew 7.5 m × 7.5 m
Coconut (Triangular system ) 7.6 m × 7.6 m
Coconut (Square system ) 9 m × 9 m
Groundnut 15 cm × 15 cm
Cardamom 2 m × 2 m
Cinnamon 2 m × 2 m
Clove 6 m × 6 m
Vanilla 1.8 m × 2.7 m
Ginger 20 cm × 20 cm
Nutmeg 8 m × 8 m
Pepper 2 m × 2 m
Turmeric 25 cm × 25 cm
Arecanut 2.7 m × 2.7 m
Cocoa 3 m × 3 m
Tea 1.2 m × 1.2 m
Tobacco 85 cm × 85 cm
Bhindi (Kharif crop) 60 cm × 45 cm
Bhindi (Summer crop) 60 cm × 30 cm
Bittergourd & Snakegourd 2 m × 2 m
Cucumber & Oriental Pickling Melon 2 m × 1.5 m
Water Melon 3 m × 2 m
Brinjal 60 cm × 60 cm
Chilli 45 cm × 45 cm
Tomato 60 cm × 60 cm
Banana (Nendran) 2 m × 2 m
Banana(Poovan/Chenkadali/Palayankodan/Monthan) 2.1 m × 2.1 m
Guava 6 m × 6 m
Jack 12 m × 12 m
Mango 9 m × 9 m
Papaya 2 m × 2 m
Pineapple 70 cm × 30 cm
Sapota 7 m × 7 m
Jasmine (Jasminum sambac) 1.2 m × 1.2 m
FERTILIZER RECOMMENDATION FOR MAJOR CROPS OF KERALA
CROP FERTILIZER(NPK) RECOMMENDATION
High yielding short duration wetland Rice 70:35:35 kg/hectare/year
High yielding medium duration wetland Rice 90:45:45 kg/hectare/year
High yielding short duration upland Rice 60:30:30 kg/hectare/year
Local wetland varieties of Rice 40:20:20 kg/hectare/year
Black Gram/Green Gram 20:30:30 kg/hectare/year
Cowpea 20:30:10 kg/hectare/year
Sweet Potato 75:50:75 kg/hectare/year
Tapioca( H-97 & H-226) 75:75:75 kg/hectare/year
Tapioca(H-165 , Sree Visakham & Sree Sahya) 100:100:100 kg/hectare/year
Tapioca( M-4 & Local varieties) 50:50:50 kg/hectare/year
Cashew 750:325:750 gram per plant
Rubber NPK mixture(10:10:10) @ 300 kg/ha OR 900 gram/tree
Coconut(Average Management) 0.34:0.17:0.68 kg/palm/annum
Coconut(Good Management) 0.50:0.32:1.20kg/palm/annum
Groundnut 10:75:75 kg/hectare/year
Cardamom 75:75:150 kg/hectare/year
Ginger 75:50:50 kg/hectare/year
Pepper 50:50:150 kg/hectare/year
Turmeric 30:30:60 kg/hectare/year
Arecanut 100:40:140 gram/palm/year
Amaranth 50:50:50 kg/hectare
Bhindi 25:08:25 kg/hectare
Bittergourd/Snakegourd 70:25:25 kg/hectare
Brinjal/Chilli/Tomato 75:40:25 kg/hectare
Banana(Nendran) 190:115:300 gram/plant/year
Mango 500:360:750 gram/plant/year
Pineapple 320:160:320 kg/hectare/year
Sapota 500:360:750 gram/tree/year
Guava 200:80:260 gram/tree/year
Jasmine 120:240:240 gram//year

PESTS & DISEASES OF MAJOR CROPS OF KERALA

CROP PESTS DISEASES
RICE Rice stem borer , Gall midge , Rice bug , Leaf folder , Brown Plant Hopper , Rice
case worm , Rice swarming caterpillar , Rice thrips , Whorl maggots , Leaf hoppers ,
Rice mealy bug , Rice root nematode , Rice cyst nematode Blast , Brown spot , Narrow
brown leaf spot , Sheath blight , Bacterial blight , Stackburn , LeafScald , Bacterial leaf
streak , Foot rot , Sheath rot , Tungro , Yellow dwarf , Grassy stunt , Ragged stunt , False
smut , Udbatta
Cowpea Black pea aphid , Pod borers Anthracnose , Root rot , Mosaic

Sweet Potato Sweet Potato Weevil

Tapioca Rodents , Red spider mites , Scale insects , Termites Cassava mosaic disease ,
Leaf spot , Bacterial blight
Cashew Tea mosquito bug , Stem borer Dieback or Pink disease

Rubber Scale insect , Mealy bug , Termite , Cockchafer grub , Mite , Snail ,Rat Abnormal
leaf fall , Powdery mildew , Pink disease , Corynespora leaf spot , Bark rot , Brown bast
Sugarcane Top shoot borer , Early shoot borer , Termite , White grub , Mealy bug , Rats
Red rot
Coconut Rhinoceros beetle , Red palm weevil , Leaf eating caterpillar , Cockchafer
beetle , Coried bug , Eriophyid mite , Mealy bug , Rodents Bud rot , Root wilt , Leaf rot ,
Stem bleeding , Grey blight , Tanjore wilt
Groundnut Red hairy caterpillar ,Termites , Leaf miners Tikka leaf spot
Cardamom Cardamom Thrips , Rhizome weevil , Shoot fly ,Shoot borer ,Leaf eating
caterpillars , Cardamom White fly , Cardamom root grubs , Cardamom Scale , Root Knot
Nematodes Katte mosaic , Azhukal , Rhizome rot , Chenthal disease , Leaf blotch
disease , Damping off , Leaf spot ,
Ginger Shoot borer , Nematodes , Scale insect Soft rot , Leaf spot ,Bacterial wilt , Thread
blight
Pepper Pollu beetle , Marginal leaf gall thrips , Scale insect , Mealy bug , Top shoot borer
, Burrowing nematode , Root knot nematode Foot rot , Fungal pollu (Anthracnose) ,
Phyllody
Arecanut Spindle bug , Inflorescence caterpillar , Root grub ,Mites Mahali(Koleroga)
,Bud rot , Anabe (Basal stem rot) , Yellow leaf disease , Band disease , Collar rot of
seedlings , Dieback of inflorescence , Stem bleeding , Sun scorch , Nut splitting
Cocoa Red borer , Myllocerus weevils , Mealy bugs Pod rot , Vascular Streak
Dieback(VSD), White thread blight
Coffee Coffee berry borer , White stem borer , Shot hole borer , Mealy bugs Leaf rust ,
Black rot , Dieback
Tea White grub , Root knot nematode , Borers , Root mealy bug , Thrips , Tea mosquito
bug Blister blight , Collar canker , Black root disease
Bhindi Fruit and shoot borer , Root knot nematode , Jassids Yellow vein mosaic disease
Bittergourd/Snakegourd Fruit fly , Epilachna beetle , Red pumpkin beetle Downy mildew
, Powdery mildew , Mosaic
Brinjal Fruit andshoot borer , Root knot nematode , Epilachna beetle Phomopsis fruit rot
, Bacterial wilt , Damping off
Chilli Chilli mite , Aphids Bacterial wilt , Damping off ,Leaf curl , Mosaic
Tomato Bacterial wilt , Mosaic
Banana Banana Rhizome weevil , Banana Pseudostem weevil , Banana Aphid , Spindle
leaf miner , Nematodes Bunchy top , Panama wilt , Sigatoka leaf spot , Kokkan disease ,
Infectious chlorosis
Mango Mango Hopper , Stem borer , Shoot midge , Fruit fly Powdery mildew ,
Anthracnose ,Dieback
Papaya Collar rot ,Damping off , Anthracnose
Pineapple Fruit rot Mealy bugs
Anthurium Scale insect , Snails Bacterial blight , Anthracnose
Orchids Thrips , Aphids , Soft scale , Mealy bug ,Spider mite , Snails and Slugs ,
Cockroaches Leaf spot , Leaf blight , Collar blotch , Collar wilt , Orchid wilt , Cymbidium
mosaic
Jasmine Bud & shoot borer , Blossom midge Fusarium wilt , Leaf blight , Rust
Rose Scale insect , Thrips , Aphids Black leaf spot , Powdery mildew , Mosaic , Botrytis
Amaranthus Leaf webber , Amaranthus weevil Leaf spot

FERTILIZER CALCULATION
AREA CONVERSION TABLE:-
1 HECTARE = 10,000 SQUARE METER
1 HECTARE = 250 CENT
1 ACRE = 4,000 SQUARE METER
1 ACRE = 100 CENT
1 HECTARE = 2.5 ACRE
1 CENT = 40 SQUARE METER

Eg.1. Calculate the quantity of Urea , Single Super Phosphate(SSP) & Muriate Of
Potash(MOP) required for Mango trees cultivated in an area of 1 hectare ? (NPK
recommendation for single tree is 1:2:3 kg/tree/year & spacing recommended is 10 m ×
10 m )
Ans.
Number of trees = Area/Spacing = 1 hectare/10 m ×10 m = 10000 sq. m/100 sq.m =
100 trees
Quantity of Urea for a tree = 100/46×1= 2.17 kg
Quantity of Urea for 100 tree =2.17 × 100 = 217 kg

Quantity of SSP for a tree = 100/18 × 2 = 11.11 kg

Quantity of SSP for 100 tree = 11.1 × 100 = 1111 kg

Quantity of MOP for a tree = 100/60 × 3 = 5 kg

Quantity of MOP for 100 tree = 5 × 100 = 500 kg

Eg.2.Calculate the quantity of Urea , SSP & MOP required for 1 Acre & 50 cents of field if
the NPK recommendation is 100:100:100 kg/ha ?
Ans.

Quantity of Urea for 1 ha = 100/46 × 100 = 217 kg

Quantity of Urea for 1 Acre = 217/2.5 = 86.8 kg

Quantity of Urea for 50 cents = 217/250 × 50 = 43 kg

Quantity of SSP for 1 ha = 100/18 × 100 = 555 kg

Quantity of SSP for 1 Acre = 555/2.5 = 222 kg

Quantity of SSP for 50 cents = 555/250 × 50 = 111 kg

Quantity of MOP for 1 ha = 100/60 × 100 = 166 kg

Quantity of MOP for 1 Acre = 166/2.5 = 66.4 kg

Quantity of MOP for 50 cents = 166/250 × 50 = 33.2 kg

TRADE NAMES OF IMPORTANT AGRO-CHEMICALS/BIOPESTICIDES

GENERIC NAME TRADE NAME
Carbaryl Sevin
Methyl parathion Metacid
Mercaptothion(Malathion) Cythion
DDVP Nuvan
Quinalphos Ekalux
Dimethoate Rogor
Monocrotophos Nuvacron
Phosphamidon Dimecron
Phorate Thimet
Chlorpyriphos Tagban
Acephate Asataf
Imidacloprid Confidor
Lamda cyhalothrin Karate
Azadirachtin Neen Azal
Copper oxy chloride Blitox
Ziram Cuman-L
Zineb Indofil Z-78
Thiram JK Thiram
Mancozeb Dithane M-45
Ediphenphos Hinosan
Dinocarp Karathane
Carbendazim Bavistin
Benomyl Benlate
Hexaconazole Contaf
2 , 4 -D Fernoxone
Butachlor Machete
Cyhalofop butyl Clincher
Diuron Class
Paraquat Gramaxone
Glyphosate Roundup
Dicofol Kelthane
Aluminium Phosphide Celphos
Zinc phosphide Ratol
Bromodialone Roban
Bacillus thuringiensis Dipel-8L
Trichoderma viride Ecoderma

NEW CROP VARIETIES RELEASED BY KERALA AGRI. UNIVERSITY

CROP VARIETIES
Rice Ezhome-1 & Ezhome-2( Salinity resistant varieties) , Vaishak , Vytilla-8 ,
Pratheeksha , Thulam , Samyuktha
Cowpea Hridya , Sreya
Kanthari Chilli Vellayani Samridhi
Drumstick Anupama
Cashew S 9
Ginger Athira , Karthika

AGRICULTURAL ASSISTANT MODEL EXAMINATION

Maximum Mark:100 Time:1 hour 15 minutes
1.Azospirillum is a:-
a)Algae b)Bio-control agent
c)Bio-fertilizer d) None of these
2.Percentage of protein content in Soybean:-
a)20% b)60%
c)35-40% d)05%
3.Wind speed is measured by the instrument:-
a)Wind vane b) Anemometer
c)Speedometer d)Luxmeter
4.’Glyphosate’ is a:-
a)Fungicide b)Acaricide
c)Herbicide d)None of these
5.Most cultivated pulse crop of Kerala:-
a)Bengal gram b) Black gram
c) Cow pea d) Green gram
6.Cheshunt compound is prepared by mixing ammonium carbonate and copper
sulphate in the ratio:-
a)2:8 b)2:11
c)11:2 d)8:2
7.The kind of seed which offers maximum purity:-
a)Foundation seed b)Breeder seed
c)Certified seed d)Registered seed

8.Cut flowers are commonly preserved in:-

a)Alcohol b)Sodium Meta bi Sulphate
c)Acetone d)None of these
9.’Bunchy top’ of Banana is caused by:-
a)Fungus b)Bacteria
c)Virus d)Phytoplasma
10.A non-insect pest of Coconut:-
a)Rhinoceros beetle b)Red palm weevil
c)Eriophyid Mite d)Leaf eating caterpillar
11. Goal of extension education is:-
a) To promote income of the farmers b) To promote production of the crops

c) To promote new crops d) To promote scientific out-look

12. Which of the following is the cross of Karan Swiss ?
a) Sahiwal x Brown Swiss b) Sahiwal x Holstein
c) Hariyana x Brovsm Swiss d) Hariyana ×]ersey
13. Which species of honeybee is not Indian ?
a) Apis florae b) Apis dorsata
c) Apis cerana d) Apis mellifera
14. Which of the following elements play an important role in nitrogen metabolism ?
a) Magnesium b) Manganese
c) Molybdenum d) Iron
15. Where and when was World Meteorological Organization established ?
a) New York – 1980 b) Washington-1978
c) Geneva—1978 d) Rome- 1976

16.Rice bug attacks Rice plants at the stage:-

a)Seedling b)Tillering
c)Panicle initiation d)Grain filling

17.Khaira disease of Rice is due to the deficiency of:-

a)Boron b)Zinc
c)Calcium d)Manganese
18.It is considered ‘ King of Spices’:-
a)Vanilla b)Allspice
c)Cardamom d)Pepper
19.It is considered ‘King of fruits’:-
a)Mango b)Jack fruit
c)Banana d)Sapota
20.’Herbigation’ is a practice of irrigation & control of:-
a)Pests b)Fungi
c)Weeds d)Bacteria
21.’Hydroponics’ is the science of:-
a)Cultivation of Fruit plants b)Cultivation of Spices
c)Cultivation without soil d)Cultivation in green houses
22.’Kew’ is a variety of :-
a)Papaya b)Jack
c)Guava d)Pineapple

23.Guava & Sapota were introduced to India by:-

a)Dutch b)French
c)British d)Portuguese

24.A fruit with high content of fat:-

a)Litchi b)Avocado
c)Rambuttan d)Durian

25.Agrostology is the study of:-

a)Fodder plants b)Fruit plants
c)Vegetable crops d)Forest trees
26.Crown choking in Coconut is due to the deficiency of:-
a)Zinc b)Boron
c)Potassium d)Nitrogen
27.The author of the book ‘The Silent Spring’ is:-
a)Rachel Carson b)J K Rowling
c)Kamala Das d)Anitha Nair
28.The kind of Coir mats used for soil erosion control is:-
a)Coirtex b)Fibre form
c)Geotextiles d)Mulch
29.The pheromone used for controlling Banana Rhizome weevil is:-
a)SB pheromone b)Ferrolure
c)Cosmolure d)None of these

30.Tetrazolium test is done to assess:-

a)Viability b)Adulteration
c)Purity d)None of these
31.A nutrient essential for attributing resistance in crop plants:-
a)Potassium b)Nitrogen
c)Iron d)Sodium
32.A fungicide recommended for the control of stem bleeding of Coconut by root
injection:-
a)Hinosan b)Calixin
c)Mancozeb d)Thiram

33.A foliar disease of Coconut which aggravates Root wilt:-

a)Grey blight b)Leaf rot
c)Leaf spot d)Stem bleeding
34.’Haritha’ is a variety of:-
a)Chilli b)Guinea grass
c)Guava d)Hybrid Napier
35.The Bio-control agent of Salvinia molesta is:-
a)Zygogramma b)Parachaetus
c)Cyrtobagous d)Elasmus
36.Pollu beetle is an insect pest of:-
a)Cardamom b)Banana
c)Pepper d)Cashew

37.Crop affected by Mahali disease:-

a)Rubber b)Arecanut
c)Cow pea d)Sweet potato
38.An amendment used to reduce soil acidity:-
a)Calcium carbonate b)Ammonium phosphate
c)MOP d)Rajphos
39.Chairman of National Commission on Farmers:-
a)Dr.M.S Swaminathan b)Montek Singh Ahluwalia
c)U.C Sarangi d)Mangala Rai
40.Pepper Research Institute of Kerala is located at:-
a)Alappuzha b)Wayanad
c)Panniyoor d)Ambalavayal

41.’KOKKAN’ is a disease of Banana caused by:-

a) Virus b)Fungus
c)Bacteria d)Phytoplasma
42.’VAZHUKKA’ is a cultivar of:-
a)Pepper b)Nutmeg
c)Cardamom d)Ginger
43.’PINK’ disease is associated with:-
a)Rubber b)Banana
c)Coconut d)Tomato

44.Monsoon season contributing majority of rainfall in Kerala:-

a)South-West monsoon b)North-East monsoon
c)South-North monsoon d)East-West monsoon
45.Agriculture minister of Kerala:-
a)Binoy Viswam b)C. Divakaran
c)Mullakkara Ratnakaran d)Sharad Pawar
46.Late Blight of Potato resulted in:-
a)Bengal famine b)Irish famine
c)Somalian famine d)Sub Saharan famine
47.The term ‘Elytra’ is associated with:-
a)Bugs b)Beetles
c)Flies d)Moths
48.Which is a millet:-
a)Rice b)Wheat
c)Ragi d)Barley
49.World’s largest Rice producing country:-
a)Russia b)India
c)Thailand d)China
50.Bordeaux mixture is a:-
a)Molluscicide b)Fungicide
c)Herbicide d)None of these

51)Most abundant soil type of Kerala:-

a)Alluvial soil b)Laterite soil
b)Peat soil d)Red soil
52.Father of White revolution in India:-
a)P.J Kurian b)Dr. Varghese Kurian
c)K.T Thomas d)K.M Menon
53.The 1992 Earth Summit was held at:-
a)Paris b)Coppen hagen
c)Rio-de-Janeiro d)Amsterdam
54.World’s first commercially manufactured herbicide:-
a)Paraquat b)Butachlor
c)2,4-D d)Thiobencarb
55.’Tikka leaf spot’is a plant disease affecting:-
a) Green gram b)Groundnut
c) Cow pea d)Cabbage
56.Which of the following is a genetically modified crop:-
a)Nendran Banana b)Uma variety of Rice
c)Roundup ready Cotton d)None of these

57.World’s largest producer of Black Pepper:-

a)Sri Lanka b)India
c)Vietnam d)Madagascar

58.’White ear head ‘ is a symptom associated with:-

a)Sweet potato weevil b)Mango mite
c)Rice stem borer d)Epilachna beetle
59.’M-4’ is a variety of:-
a)Mulberry b)Cocoa
c)Tapioca d)Brinjal
60.’Katte’ disease affects:-
a)Cardamom b)Vanilla
c)Banana d)Mango
61.’Patch budding’ is practiced in:-
a)Banana b)Cow pea
c)Rubber d)Pepper
62.Which is the largest Rice producing state of India:-
a)Kerala b)Andhra Pradesh
c)West Bengal d)Maharashtra
63.’Olericulture’ is the study of:-
a)Fruit crops b)Pulse crops
c)Vegetable crops d)Oil seeds
64.Agricultural scientist who won Nobel Peace Prize in 1970:-
a)Norman E. Borlaug b)Kenneth Anderson
c)Shane Bradley d)Keith Reid

65)A transgenic crop which was recently in news :-

a)Bt Brinjal b)Njalipoovan Banana
c)WCT d)Sree Prakash
66.Kerala Agricultural Univesity was established in the year:-
a)1990 b)1964
c)1971 d)1970
67.’Rhizobium’ is a:-
a)Non-symbiotic Nitrogen fixing Bacteria b)Fungus
c)Symbiotic Nitrogen fixing Bacteria d)Pulse crop
68.Which is a Pulse crop:-
a)Potato b)Green gram
c)Black gram d)Both b & c
69.A plant parasitic nematode:-
a)Eriophyid mite b)Root knot nematode
c)Burrowing nematode d)Both b & c
70.In India , Kerala is the largest producer of:-
a)Mango b)Grapes
c)Pulses d)Rubber
71.Which of the following is a Fungicide:-
a)Endosulfan b)Glyphosate
c)Dicofol d)Calixin
72.’September ‘ is a variety of:-
a)Tomato b)Carrot
c)Cabbage d)Onion

73.’Top working’ is done in:-

a)Coconut b)Cashew
c)Pepper d)Ginger
74.’SRI’ is a term associated with:-
a)Guava b)Rice
c)Wheat d)Cow pea
75.Which is not a variety of Pepper:-
a)Karimunda b)Panniyoor-2
c)Balankotta d)San Ramon
76.Largest Tea producing state of India:-
a)Karnataka b)Kerala
c)Assam d)West Bengal
77.Choose the variety of Nutmeg from the following:-
a)Arka Anamika b)Preethi
b)Kaumudi d)IISR-Viswashree
78.Pick the fertilizer recommendation for Pepper(in gram/vine/year):-
a)35:70:70 b)50:50:150
c)100:100:50 d)None of these
79.Softwood grafting is a popular propagation method in:-
a)Pepper b)Cashew
c)Clove d)Vanilla

80.’PV-1 & PV-2’ are varieties of:-

a)Vanilla b)Pepper
c)Cardamom d)Papaya

81.Loranthus is a parasitic weed of:-

a)Rice b)Mango
c)Tobacco d)Wheat
82.Cardamom Research Station of Kerala Agricultural University is located at:-
a)Ambalavayal b)Nedumkandam
c)Pampadumpara d)Alathur
83.Maximum area under Coconut in Kerala is in the district of:-
a)Kollam b)Malappuram
c)Alappuzha d)Kozhikode
84.An organophosphorus insecticide:-
a)DDT b)Carbaryl
c)Malathion d)None of these
85.The average annual rainfall of Kerala is:-
a)3000 mm b)5000 mm
c)1000 mm d)None of these
86.The first Agricultural university in India was started at:-
a)Thrissur b)Coimbatore
c)Calcutta d)Pant Nagar
87)A fruit for which India is the leading producer in the world :-
a)Orange b)Mango
c)Sapota d)Pomegranate

88.A green manure crop having stem nodules:-

a)Crotalaria juncea b)Sesbania aculeate
c)Sesbania rostrata d)None of these
89.Fertilizer recommendation(NPK) for high yielding short duration varieties of Rice in
wetlands of Kerala:-
a)90:45:45 b)70:35:35
c)50:25:25 d)40:20:20
90.A high yielding variety of Amorphophallus recommended for Kerala is:-
a)Sree Keerthi b)Sree padma
c)Sree Vani d)Sree Kala
91.Which nutrient involved in energy transfer:-
a)Manganese b)Phosphorus
c)Potassium d)Sodium
92.Type of farming where crop production is combined with livestock rearing is called:-
a)Agronomy b)Silvipasture
c)Mixed farming d)Crop rotation
93.Who is regarded as ‘the father of organic farming’:-
a)Norman Borlaug b)Dr.M.S Swaminathan
c)Sir Albert Howard d)None of these
94.Nitrogen content(%) in Ammonium phosphate:-
a)20 b)25
c)18 d)None of these
95.’Suphala’ is a variety of:-
a)Banana b)Cashew
c)Coleus d)Cow pea

96.’Bonsai’ was originated in:-

a)India b)China
c)Japan d)South Korea

97.Orchid known as ‘Dancing girl:-

a)Dendrobium b)Arachnis
c)Oncidium d)None of these
98.’Polyantha’ is a type of:-
a)Orchid b)Rose
c)Soybean d)Gerbera
99.’Meristem culture’ technique was developed by:-
a)George Morel b)Haberlandt
c)Watson d)None of these
100.National Seeds Corporation(NSC) came into existence in:-
a)1980 b)1966
c)1976 d)1956
MODEL EXAMINATION ANSWER KEY
1)c 2)c 3)b 4)c 5)c 6)c 7)b 8)c 9)c 10)c 11)d 12)a 13)d 14)c 15)c 16)d 17)b 18)d 19)a
20)c 21)c 22)d
23)d 24)b 25)a 26)b 27)a 28)c 29)c 30)a 31)a 32)b 33)b 34)b 35)c 36)b 37)b 38)a 39)a
40)c 41)a
42)c 43)a 44)a 45)c 46)b 47)b 48)c 49)d 50)b 51)b 52)b 53)c 54)c 55)b 56)c 57)c 58)c
59)c 60)a 61)c
62)c 63)c 64)a 65)a 66)c 67)c 68)d 69)d 70)d 71)d 72)c 73)b 74)b 75)d 76)c 77)d 78)b
79)b 80)c
81)b 82)c 83)b 84)c 85)a 86)d 87)b 88)c 89)b 90)b 91)b 92)c 93)c 94)a 95)c 96)b 97)c
98)b 99)a
100)b

anishpanthy at 04:44
0

1 comment:

Kiranglobalchem 6 June 2012 at 02:49

Soda Ash India
KIRAN GLOBAL CHEMS which started with the manufactur e of a single product,
Sodium Silicate, Potassium Silicate for making detergents has increased
manufacturing quantities multifold thr ough several manufacturing units.

http://kiranglobal.com/pr oducts/p roducts.html

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