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  • Авраменко - Нарушение симметрии закона электромагнитной индукции относительно направлени магнитного векторного потенциала электромагнитного поля.

    Загружено:

    Anton Dremlyuga
    27 просмотров28 страниц
    Авраменко - Нарушение симметрии закона электромагнитной индукции относительно направлени магнитного векторного потенциала электромагнитного поля.

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    Авраменко - Нарушение симметрии закона электромагнитной индукции относительно направлени магнитного векторного потенциала электромагнитного поля.

    Авторское право:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Скачайте в формате PDF или читайте онлайн в Scribd
    Отметить как неприемлемый контент
    27 просмотров28 страниц

    Авраменко - Нарушение симметрии закона электромагнитной индукции относительно направлени магнитного векторного потенциала электромагнитного поля.

    Загружено:

    Anton Dremlyuga
    Авраменко - Нарушение симметрии закона электромагнитной индукции относительно направлени магнитного векторного потенциала электромагнитного поля.

    Авторское право:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Скачайте в формате PDF или читайте онлайн в Scribd
    Отметить как неприемлемый контент
    из 28
    P.. Aspamenxo, J1.11. Ppaves, B.H.Huxoaaesa HAPYIUEHHE CHMMETPHH 3AKOHA 9JIEKTPOMALHMTHOH HH AYKIMM OTHOCHTEJIbHO HATIPABJIEHHA MATHATHOO BEKTOPHOI0 NOTEHIIMAJIA 3JIEKTPOMATHMTHOLO NOMA 3anpKa Ha orKpErTHe OT-8896, 1975 r. Baenenne. Orxpbitne orHOcuTca K tbyHaamenTaibHOH pHsHKe. Nocne pala 9xcnepHmMentabHbix paGor [1,2] no u3yyeHMmo MaKkpocKonn- HECKHX KBAHTOBOMEXaHHYECKHX ABJICHHH, OCHOBAHHBIX Ha xppexte TpKosed- coxa [3,4], 4 paSoTs no AHpakunH 3eKTpPOHOs B IpHCyTCTBHK MarHuTHOro fons [5], OObaACHEHHE pesysbTaTOB KOTOpEIX C NosHUMA GrusKozelicTBHA Ha- TaNKMBAeTCA Ha TPYAHOCTH TONKOBaHHA BeKTOpa MarHATHOH MHTyKUMH B kak «peaibHoro» BexTopa [6], GLI NOAHAT BONIPOC O PH3HYECKOH peasIbHOCTH MarHHTHOrO BeKTOpHOrO NOTeHUMANa seKTPOMarHHTHOTO Noma A. 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BHYHOM KOHType, NOTOMy 4TO MPH AAaHHOM KOIPPHLEHTe CBAIH Ha XOsIO- CTOM XOZY TOKOM BO BTOpHYHOH OGMOTKE MOKHO mpeHebpeyb. EmKOcTHOI narank (cM. pxc.36) BbINOAHeH B BH/e MeTAJIMYeECKOTO MHCKa DHaMeTpoM Nopaaka 130 MM, pacnosOxeHHOrO Ha HEKOTOPOM PaCCTOAHHH OT yCTaHOBKH. Tuck 3a3emnen yepe3 emxocts C,=1100 n®. Curnan c emKoctu nonaercs uepes 50-omHbii ka6enk MOH 500 MM Ha BxOg OcMMOrpada. T.K. Hanps- *keHHe Ha «rOpsuemM» KOHLe BTOPHYHOH OOMOTKH TpaHcdopMatopa CyulecT- beHHo Gombe HaNpmkeHHA Ha INemeHTAax KONCOATCbHOTO KOHTypa NepBHY- Hol OOMOTKH, TO NPH MOLKMOYeHHH K OCLIKMIOrpatby emkOcTHOrO WaTauKa (npH nocTaTOuHO GosbUOM ero PaCCTOAHHH OT ycTaHOBKH) Ha ero 3kpaHe HaGmonaerca W3MeHEHHe NOTeHMaNa HE3a3eMeHHOrO KOHL BTOpHuHOli oOMOTKH Tpanctbopmatopa. Biwmovenve ycraHoBKH NpH pasTHYHEIX crocoGax coemMHeHHA aeMeHTOB CXeMbI, YOBJICTBOPAIOLULHX TpeSopaHHio HHBapHaHTHOCTH OTHOCHTEsIbHO onepanmit oTparkenua (cm. puc.4), noKazano, YTO B OMHX CNyuasx OTKMOHE- HHA NetlecTKoB 9neKTpockona cywiecTBeHHO Gombule, uem B OpyrH4x. B Kaknx KOHKpeTHO cxemax HaGmonanoch Gombuiee oTKIOHEHHe ACHO #3 pHc.4. 165 0 =5 Puc.4, BapHatrat cocanenHa auieMeHToR exembt. Ananv3 21THx CXeM NOKa3bIBAaCT, 4YTO OTKNOHEHHE MenecrKOB 3leKTpocKona cyulecTBeHHO Goble B TOM Cry4ac, Korma MpOckuMA BeKTOpa MarHHTHOTO noteHuvana A nepBHYHOH OGMOTKH COOTBETCTBYIOWIeErO HaYanbHOMy Ha- 166 NpapseHHio TOKa B Hei, B39ITAA BOL NPOBOMAa BTOPHYHO OOMOTEN, HanpaB- leva K He3a3eM/IEHHOMY KOHLY npoBona. Ha puc.5 noxa3zanbi cbororpadbun THNMYHEIX OCLUIOTpaMM 3/1eKTpOMar- HUTHBIX NPOUCCOB, NPOHCXONALIAX B YCTAHOBKe. Ha puc.5a noKa3aHa OCUHIIOrpaMMa TOKa B KOHType NepBHYHOH OOMOTKH tpatictpopmaropa. 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GTO OOBIUHAR KPHBad KoneOaTeNbHOrO NpPOUecca, CAMMETPHYHAA OTHOCHTENBHO OCH BPEMeHH, Kak H ZOKHO GObITh B COOTBETCTBHH C 3AKOHOM 3/1eKTPOMarHHTHOH HHAYKUMH. Ha pre.5p noka3aHa THNW4Has, OCUWIIOTpamMMa HanpskeHHA Ha «rops- Sem» KOHUE BIOpHYHO! OGMOTKH, COOTBETCTBYIOUIAR TaKOMY COEZHHEHIIO QNICMEHTOB CXEMBI, MPH KOTOPOM JIENECTKH 3NeKTPOCKONa OTKIOHAIOTCA 3Ha- sHTenbHO, OTYeTAHBO BHAHO, 4TO KpHBaa KoONeGaTeNMbHOrO Mpouiecca cmeuIe- Ha CYLUECTBEHHO BBepx, T.€. KPOMe MepeMeHHO! cocTapnAOUei, oOycnOB- seHHOH KoneGaTeILHLIM TOKOM B KOHType NepBHUHOM OOMOTKH, NoTeHUHAN “ropsuero” KOHUa BTOPHYHOH OGMOTKH COMepKHT NOCTOAHHYIO cocTaBsAIO- UIyIO Gp. Benwuuna do Ha DAHHO OcuUMTOrpamme nocTHraeT 40% maKcu- MasIbHOrO 3HaYCHHA NepeMeHHOM cocTaBnAOWe NoTeHuHaNa BTOPH4YHOK o6morkn.’ 4 BHaHo, WTO Ha HAYATLHOM yuaCTke OFHOaIOLIAR NPOLIECca OTKAOHETER BBEPX OT IKCTOHEHTEL. Tips stcnoft Haunexe ETOpHInod OGMOTKH OTKIOHEHHE HarpaBseHO BHHS. PTO Aer OcHORAHHE FOROPHTS © ROINO>KHOM HAPYLIEHHH HETHOCTH B IIEKTPOMATHHTHEIK BaHMoneticTRHSX. 167 CyulecTBeHHO OTMETHTb, STO NOCTOAHHAA COCTABAAIOWIAA Po HenHHeliHo 3ABHCHT OT HANpaKCHHa Ha KOHMeHCATOpe H BCeraa NosO-KHTeNbHa. Tak, npH Up=10 kB, uemy cooTBeTcTByeT nepeMeHHas COcTaB/IMOUlad NoTeHMana BTO- pdHoit O6moTKH ~ 100 KB, sHatieHHe NocTOAHHOrO NOTeHUMANA Go AOCTHTAeT 50 KB! Ha puc.5r noka3zava TaroKe OCUMAOrpaMMa MpH CyuleCTReHHO Gonee Men- JeHHO paskeptke. B 3ToM cnyyae Ha OCLWLIOrpaMMe KONeOaTeNbHblit Npo- Wecc BHIEH B BUNE BEPTHKANbHOM YepTbI, NOcne KOTOPOH HET IKCTOHEHUH- @IBHBI aNepHOAMMeCKHii Mpouecc - ITO Mpowecc paspsna EMKOCTH NaT4nKa C, "epes BxogHoe CONpoTHBeHHe ocunmnorpada. na KOHTpona, Napasnenb- Ho C, Gino BKMOYeHO NepemeHHoe conpoTuBIenHe R,=O0...30 KOm. 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Beino ucenenoBano BIMAKHe Ha paboTy ye- TAHOBKH BEJIMYHHbI eENKOCTHOH Harpy3KH BTO- puyHoro KoHTypa. Jina sTHx ueme HenocpencT- BeHHO K «TOpayeMy» KOHLY BTOpHYHO OOMOT- KH NOAKNONATaCh H3OMpOBaHHaR MeTaMNe- ckad wWTaHra peryimpyemoi sHHBI (MaKcH- ManbHaa jinia wranrn 1370 mm) 4 nHaMerpom 15 mm. [pw yaenuuenun AnMHbl TaHTH, Te. €MKOCTH BTOPHYHOFO KOHTYpa, BeHYHHA Qo cHauana manana (HO He AO HysA), a cam s¥pcpeKT NOSBJIEHHA Py CHMMETPHPOBANICA OTHOCHTEELHO % =O 9, #0 6 2arclacn Hanpasienna A. Tip aimne wranrn 8 540 mm Pue.8. Ocimttorpamva ToKa no ATOPHNHOH OOMorKe. HECHMMETPHA NOABICHHA Po OTHOCHTEBHO pas- JWNHbIX KOMMYTaLH B Cxeme [Iponanana. Tak, Hanpumep, MocroAHHaA co- cTaBnmoulad Ha «ropsiemM» KOHUe NOsBNsIACk Kak NpH OAHO!, Tak H Tipu O6- PATHO! NonspHOCTH BEICOKOBONETHOFO HCTOUHHKA. JanbHeliwiee yeenuieHue DJIMHEI LITAHTH NIPHBOLHIO K TOMY, YTO ONpeneseHHas BbILIe HeECHMMCTPHA TOSBNEHHA Qo KMEHAIA 3Hak OTHOCHTENBHO HanpasnexHAa npoexunH A BAOAb NPOBOA BTOPHYHO! OOMOTKH, a BEMMUHHA (Po ONIATR BOIPAcTana (OCTA- BaNCh BCPA NONOKHTENLHOM) MPH ODHOBpeMeHHOM BO3pacTaHHH H tepe- MeHHOH COCcTaBIAOWeH NOTeEHUMaTa. 169 CrenyeT OTMETHTL, YTO COOCTBEHHaA pe30HaHCHaa YaCTOTa BTOPHYHOrO KOHTypa Ha XOJIOCTOM xoy (Ge3 EMKOCTHOI TAHT) NpHMepHO B 2 paza mpe- BBILIAET YACTOTY NepBIHOTO KOHTYpa. Tipu nouHOYeHHH EMKOCTHOH WTaH- TH coGcrnerHiaa YacToTa BTOpWHOrO KOHTypa YMcHDUIaNach MH NpHEsMKA- Jlacb K uacToTe NeppH4Horo. Tak, npH anHHe wana 1370 MM 4acToTa Ha- cTpolikn BTopHuHoro KOHTypa cocTaBsiia oKono 1,1 MTL. Yuanenne cbeppuTosoro cepneyHuka NpuRosHIO K CyllecTReHHO pac- cTpolike cooTHOWeHHA COGCTBEHHBIX YaCTOT NepBHYHOrO H BTOPHYHOTO KOH- Typa H, maBHoe, K NazenHo KoI@pHUneHTa CBASH MEXKLy HHMH. B pesyseta- Te BEHYHHA Mo CyLeCTBeEHHO nagana. OLKaKO, MPH Harpy3Ke BTOPHYHOTO KOHTypa €MKOCTbIO MOXKHO HACTPOHTb CXeMy HM TOMYYHTb mpaKTHyeckH TpexHnii spdexr. CrenosatenbHo, 2cpexT MOABsIEHHA Po H CBAIAHHAA C HM HECHMMCTPHA NPHHUKMHAIbHO HE CBA3A@HbI C HasIHYHeM qbepprTosoro cep- deuHHKa. 7A BbIACHEHHA BIIHAHHA HECHMMETPHYHOCTH EMKOCTEH KOHUOB BTOpHY- HOH OGMOTKH TpaHcihopMatopa Ha NepBHaryt0, KOTOpaa B NPHHUWNe Moria Obl MpuBecTH K HECHMMeTpHH HaGsOaemoro MepeMeHHOFO NOTeHUMAIA (HE Gontee, KonedHo +10...15 KB) 80 BropH4HO! O6MoTKe, GbUIH TIPOBELEHI KOH- TPonbHite OMLITEI, ¢ CyLeCTBCHHDIM cMeLcHHeM (0 50 mM) nepBHYHOH o6- MOTKH OT WeHTpa BropHUHO!i. B 9THX ONbITaX H3MepAeMEIe BENHYHHB! NpaK- THYECKH HE MEHSUIHCh, 10 CpaBHEHHIO C CHMMeTPHUHBIM pacnosiorxeHHeM kaTyeK. Cnenyet yka3aTb, 4TO NPOBOAWICA TaKxKE PAM KOHTPOMbHBIX OMBITOB CO cMeHoii Ha 180° opHeHTallHH BTOpH4HOH OOMOTKH, dbeppHToBoro cepneyHHKa, H3MEHCHHEM FOPH3OHTAIBHOTO: PACIIOOHKEHHA YCTAHOBKH Ha BEPTHKAJIbHOe, C pa3/IM4HbIMH BapHahTaMu 3a3eMNeHHa HT. [py aTHx onbitax He HaGmrona- JIOCh CKOSIb-HHOyHb 3AMETHDIX H3MeHEHHI B pabOTe yCTAHOBKH. 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Avanu3 ypasHeHnii Maxcsesia He naeT ofHOsHa4- Hblli OTBET Ha TO, YTO ABNICHHE 3JIeKTPOMArHHTHOH HHIYKUMH CBAIHO C BO3- HHKHOBEHHEM OCLIWUIMpyiOulero BHXpeBOrO Moa E, a OMbITHHIE JaHHBIe 1 cam cbakT ycnewHoi paOoTb! mpHMeHseMbIX Ha MpakTHKke TpakcipopMaTOpos KH UpyrHx ycrpolicrs ckopee mpoTHBopeyat OOWWENpHHATOH TpaKTOBKe ABJIEHHA, orkpertoro Papaneem. CreuuanbHo nocrapnenHbiii asTopamMH SKCNepHMeHT no H3yveHHIO aBNe- BHA 3NeKTPOMAFHHTHOH HHAYKUMH NpHMeHUTeNIBHO K paboTe Tpalciopmaro- pa NOKa3aN NPOLYKTHBHOCTE «NpoboiiHo» KOHUeNLHH. 7118 Toro, uTOGbI OLEHHT, OT KaKHX KOHKPeTHO dbakTopos B MpHHUHNe 3a- BHCHT HaGmlonaeMoe ABSIEHHe, B 3aK/OUCHHE OTMETHM XapaKTepHble ocobeH- HOCTH paCCMOTPeHHOIi ycraHoBku. YcraHoBka, npexkle BCero XapakTepu3yeT- CA BBICOKOH WMNYyJIbCHOM MOLIHOCTpIO - 0 | MBr x, Np M@JIoM 4HCsIe BHT- KOB NepBHYHOH OOMOTKH (H MaNOi ATHHE MpoBosla 9TOH OCOMOTKH), BBICOKOH a6comoTHoH BenH4nHo A , co3maBaemMoro nepBH4HOi OOMOTKOH B Ppaiione sTopH4Holi. Masioe 4HCNO BATKOB MepBHYHOH OOMOTKH Mo3BoOuAeT TakoKe pea- JK30BATb B palioHe BTOPH4HO! OOMOTKH OTHOCHTEIBHO BbICOKOe «BATKOBOe> wanps>xenue (nopaxka 3 KB, Hin 15O B/em). Beicoxaa yactora seKTpomar- HATHBIX Mpoueccor (~10° Tu) noseonset peanuzonaTe Gonbuloe aGcomotHoe 3HaYeHHE NpOV3BOHOil S. 3aryxatoumii xapaxtep npouecca obecneynpaeT B NepBH4HOH O6MoTKe NpeHMyulecTBeHHOe HanlpaBneHHe ToKa. OuepsnaHo, 4TO COBOKYNHOCTB 3THX XapaKTepHbIX chakTOPoR ABISETCH NOCTATONHBIM ¥C~ NOBHEM HaHYHA ONHCAHHOFO ABSIEHHA, @ TaloKe OObACHAET, loveMy OMHcaH- HOG ABJICHHE MPOABAACTCA Tak APKO HMEHHO B ITOH yCTaHOBKe K He OBLIO 3a- MeueHO paHbille. 77 Moxto npennonoxnrs, 40 GIHSKHE yCAOBHA MOTYT peaHgonaTEcs B yc- ‘TaHoBKax ‘THNa WHHelHOrO GeTatpoua [16], rue HaGmonaetcs px TpynHOoOL- ACHHMBIX C OOLINHEIX MO3HUMH «napasHTHbD ABeHHi. @opmyaa OTKpEITHA. IKCMEpHMEHTAIbHO YCTAHOB/IEHO HeH3BeCTHOe paHee ABNICHHE HapyWleHHa CHMMETPHH 3aKOHa 3sIeKTPOMArHHTHOH HHYKUHH OTHO- CHTENBHO HanpaBseHHA MarHHTHOTO BEKTOPHOrO MoTeHUHasa 3/1eKTpOMar- HHTHOMO MOA. OHO COCTOHT B TOM, ITO NPH NOAKMOYeHHH MpesBapHTebHO 3aps>KEHHO- ro KoHMeHCaTopa K NepBHUHO! OOMOTKe TpaHcthopMaTopa, Ha He3a3eMIEHHOM KOHUe ero BTOpHYHOH OOMOTKH, paGoTaoule B pexkHMe XONOCTOrO xoNa, KpoMe nepeMeHHOl cocTapnalowei 3NekTpHyeckoro moTeHUHana, O6ycios- JeHHOM KONeOaTeAbHEIM 3aTyXalOWWMM TOKOM B KOHType NepBHYHoll O6MOTKH, HMeeTCA NOCTOAHHaA CocTaBImoUIas. OHA MOABIAeTCA B TOM Ciy4ae, eCIK NpoekUHA BEKTOpa MarHHTHOrO MoTeHUMalla, COOTBETCTBYIOWICrO HadabHOMy HaNpaBACHHO TOKa B NepBHYHOH OGMOTKE, B3ATAK BOONE MpoBona BTOpHYHOi OOMOTKH, HanpagjeHa K He3a3emneHHOMy kKOHUy mponona. [ocTosHHas co- craBiAloulad 3slekTpHueckoro MoTeHuMasa (ecMH OHa eCTb) Bcerga NOMOKH- TesbHa, a €€ BEIMYHHA CYLICCTREHHO HeEAHHeLiHO 3aBHCHT OT MepBOHaaIbHO- TO HanpsKeHHA Ha KOHeHCaTOpe. Jinteparypa 1. 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Rev., 109, 193, 1958 (cm. pycckui nepeson TCO, pind, crp.3. 1958). 12. Wigner E.P. //Rev. Mod. Phys., 29, v.3, 1957. 13. Garwin R.L., Lederman L.M,, Weinreich M. //Phys. Rev., 105, 1415 (L), 1987. 14. Konmopoeuy MH. Onepaunonime HcuHcnenva H npoueccet B eKTpHMECKHX ueriAx, M. 1964. 15, Heawi BD.. Bocaut 10.A., Manaun B.A. Kype veopermeckoii puauxe, M.: Hayxa. 1971 16. Beal J.W.. Christofilos N.C., Hester RE. The Astronhinear Accelerator /IEEE Trans. On Nuclear Science. 1969, June, v.5-16, N3, p.294-295. 178 AONOJIHEHHE kK pasteay «Teopermueckne OcHOBaKU» 3aRBKH Ha NpenmMoraraemoe oT- KpprrHe OT-8896 1, Heo6xognmocTh HCnOAB30BaHHA PeIATHBHCTCKHX COOTHOMeHH 418 ana143a Npolleccos B ycranosKke "PAHIT-1". [loxaxxem, uTO OObaCHe- HWE NpHpOnb! sekTpHYeCTRa (asIeKTPHYecKOrO TOKa) HW KOMWMeCTREHHLI aHa- 4¥3 CFO MpOABNEHHH HERO3MOxXHbI 6e3 MpHRNeYeHA MpenctaBneHHii penaTH- BHCTCKOH ROHOROH MexaHHKH. 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