Introduction

In our daily life, we will use a lot of forces. We always push or pull something without
noticing what forces is that and why the things will react with us whenever we push or
pull. But in physics it is defined that there is four main types of forces which is a strong
force, a weak force, electromagnetic force and also gravitational force.

In this assignment, gravity or gravitational force will be more focused on. Gravitational
force is a force that draw two objects together with mass. Gravitational force is also
known as Newton’s law of universal gravitation. Newton’s law of universal gravitation
stated that an objects draw another object together using a force which is directly
proportional to to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of
the distance between their centers.

Contents

Gravitational force history

Early concept of history come from early mathematician astronomers which is

Aryabhata who discovered the force of gravity and explained the reason objects do not
fall down when the earth rotates. Besides, gravity also known as “ gruhtvaakarshan”
which means a force which attracts object. But the term gravity is not that popular in
those early days.

In early 17th century, Galileo Galilei stated and discovered that gravitational acceleration
is the same for all objects. This proved that when an object is heavy, the gravitational
acceleration of thet object will be higher and may fall quickly.

In 1687, Sir Isaac Newton published a book known as Principia which explains the three
laws of motion derived from Johannes Kepler’s Laws of Planetary Motion and his own
mathematical description of gravity.
 Figure 1 : The book Principia which
published in the year 1687.

And Sir Isaac Newton discovered that when force keep all those planets in their own
orbitals reciprocally as the squares of their distances from the centers which was also

m1 m2
proved in the equation F = G .
r2

Figure 2: shows how does the equation

was formed.

Gravitational Field

As stated above every object attracts another object in the universe. The region around
an object which another feels the gravitation mutation due the object is known as
gravitational field.
 Figure 3: The field lines are closer to
the surface around the spherical
mass, so this proved that the
gravitational field around the surface
is stronger.

Figure 4 : all the fields are parallel and

the field is uniform. That is why
whenever we are in contact with the
earth we are pulled down with the
same force.

Gravitational force and distance

The gravitational force between a human and the earth is greater than the gravitational
force between a human and the sun. This proves that gravitational force decreases as
the distance increases. Gravitational force is inversely proportional to the distance
between the masses. The larger the objects, the higher the gravitational force. And the
distance between two objects increased the gravitational force among them is reduced.

Conclusion

Gravity or gravitational force is a force which will attract two objects together due to their
masses. All objects in the world experience the gravitational force because of the large
mass of the earth. The universal law of gravitation also admitted that the gravitational
force of attraction between two objects is directly proportional to the product of their
masses and inversely proportional to the square of distance among them.
References

 http://www.homeworkassignmenthelp.com/gravitation-online.aspx
 https://www.slideshare.net/simonandisa/gravitational-force-and-fields
 https://www.universetoday.com/53898/who-discovered-gravity/
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravity#Equivalence_principle