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1
CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................................................. 4
2
3
1. INTRODUCTION
4
2. 1626 LIGHT MANAGER MAIN FEATURES
! System capacity: the 1626 LIGHT MANAGER platform supports up to
192 channels at 10Gb/s in C-band with 25 GHZ spacing. The channel
grid is compliant with the ITU standard. The optical spectrum goes
from 1530nm to 1568.6nm. The 1626 LIGHT MANAGER platform is
compatible since R1 with the future introduction of 40Gb/s
transponders and 40Gb/s concentrator (4x10Gb/s)
! Traffic Flexibility:
o 0 to 100% add/drop capability with the B-OADM node
o Reconfigurable C-OADM (Channel OADM)
o Ready to introduce wavelength switching functionality (ODU-2
based) on the add/drop wavelength by means of an X-OADM
node (planned in further releases)
o All-optical transparent switching with the TPXC (Transparent
Photonic Cross-Connect)
o 2.5Gb/s signals handled through 4x2.5Gb/s concentrator
o GbE signals handled through 4xany board
! Scalability
o “Pay as you grow” philosophy with a Mux/Demux granularity of
8 channels @ 50 GHz (Mux/Demux band architecture)
o Tunable laser allowing cost saving spare practice
! Extreme density
o Up to 16 bi-directional transponders in a single shelf
o 1 rack for up to 40 channels
o 3 racks for up to 160 channels
5
o Very easy installation, provisioning, commissioning (Plug-and-
Play equipment)
o Set of “self-tuning” procedures for automatic adjustment of
optical parameters
! Mechanical practice
o Designed to be ETSI and NEBS compliant
6
3. 1626 LIGHT MANAGER NETWORK APPLICATIONS
The 1626 LIGHT MANAGER addresses all the different optical network
applications. It covers conventional point-to-point applications but also
multipoint-to-multipoint applications in mesh contexts as well as in ring
scenarios.
Transponders
Booster Pre-amplifier
Tx Rx
DCU
DCU
DCU
DCU
DCU
Tx Rx
7
The Tx transponder is the first unit of the system transmission chain; it converts
the B&W signals coming from client’s equipments into colored ones with the
required optical characteristics for WDM transmission.
The Multiplexer unit is able to multiplex up to 192 channels in the C-band,
providing the optical aggregate to be transmitted into the optical line.
The Booster amplifies the signal to increase its optical power in order to feed
the optically amplified line with the appropriate power level.
During propagation, the signal optical power decreases because of the
attenuation of the fiber. To cope with this effect, optical line amplifiers are
deployed along the link in order to periodically amplify the signal.
At the receive end of the system, the signal is first amplified with a preamplifier,
then, the Demultiplexer separates all the wavelengths to be sent to the
appropriate Rx transponder, performing the conversion to B&W signal.
Colored signals coming from external Alcatel equipments (i.e. ADM/OMSN or
DXC/OMSG) can be directly connected to the system Mux/Demux optical units
without any regeneration. This provides a cost optimized solution compared to
standard B&W connections.
Figure 2: Band-OADM
8
Transmit and Receive transponder units, located in OADM station, are the
same ones used in the Terminal applications.
Figure 3: Channel-OADM
9
3.4 CPE application
In some network architectures the possibility to perform a first traffic
aggregation step in sites far from the system terminals contributes to the
network cost optimization.
This functionality can be performed with the 1626 LIGHT MANAGER exploiting
the Mux/Demux structure. One or more channel bands can be installed in the
remote sites to provide the aggregation functionality where required. These
multiplexed channels can then be connected directly to the terminal equipment
without additional 3R regeneration points as per block diagram reported
hereafter.
Tx
Tx
Terminal Terminal
Tx Rx
DCU DCU DCU
DCU
Tx DCU
Rx
Tx
traffic aggregation
10
4. 1626 LIGHT MANAGER REL. 1
4.1 Overview
The 1626 LIGHT MANAGER Rel. 1 is focused on providing a smooth product
introduction path into the customer installed base.
This is realized by providing both the upgrade functionality of Alcatel and other
vendors installed WDM links, and the possibility to install new systems using
the 1626 LIGHT MANAGER building blocks together with the 1640 WM or the
1686WM line transmission equipment.
The existing links upgrade with the 1626LM is described later on in this section.
The actual upgrade architecture depends on the installed systems optical
characteristics, in any case the 1626 LIGHT MANAGER equipment is managed
as a separate NE.
The Rel.1 building blocks and configurations are described in the following. The
Band amplifier (BOFA) is needed only for links where additional system
margins are required; it is not needed, for example, for standard LH links. For
this reason it is reported in dotted line in the following diagrams.
4.2.1 Shelf
A completely new and compact shelf is designed to host all the system
boards; in the following figure the shelf front and side view are reported.
11
Front view Side view
500 mm 280 mm
P
P
W
W
R
R
466 mm
466 mm
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
250 mm
12
In the following figure the 1626 LIGHT MANAGER Rel.1 OLTE block
diagram is reported for both 8 and 80 installed channels. The system
modular architecture is enabled by a multiplexing/demultiplexing
scheme based on bands. In the following figures the block diagrams
are uni-directional for the sake of clarity, but actually all the mux/demux
boards are bi-directional, including both Mux and Demux functionalities.
The Multiplexing/Demultiplexing architecture is based on a Band
Mux/Demux (BMDX board) able to multiplex/demultiplex 10 bands,
each containing up to 8 optical channels, and on 10 Channel
Mux/Demux (CMDX boards) managing the channels within each band.
The basic advantage of this approach is that the number of CMDX
boards to be installed can be optimised according to the needed initial
system capacity. Additional CMDX boards can be installed later on to
increase the channel count, according to customer plans, without
affecting the existing traffic.
1 10Gb/s
10Gb/s 1 TPD
TPD CMDX CMDX
1
λ
1
BMDX DMUX
λ BMDX 1:8 8 10Gb/s
MUX Band OFA TPD
8:1 Band
10Gb/s 8 band
TPD MUX DMUX
10:1 1:10
1:10
10 10
1 10Gb/s
10Gb/s 1 TPD
TPD
CMDX CMDX
1
λ 1 λ
MUX DMUX
8:1 BMDX BMDX 1:8 8 10Gb/s
Band OFA
TPD
10Gb/s 8
TPD Band band
MUX DMUX
10 10 :1 1:10
10
10Gb/s 1
TPD 1 10Gb/s
CMDX
TPD
CMDX
λ
MUX
8:1 λ
DMUX
10Gb/s 8 1:8 8 10Gb/s
TPD Band OFA TPD
13
The Rel.1 transponder/concentrator set includes:
! a NRZ cost optimised transponder for LH applications, with
B&W VSR 2000-2R1 interface, WDM ILM Tx (Integrated Laser
Modulator based on electro-absorption) and WDM APD-based
Rx. The WDM Tx is tuneable over 2 wavelengths.
! a NRZ performance optimised transponder for VLH
applications, with B&W VSR 2000-2R1 interface, WDM TX with
external MZ modulator and WDM APD-based Rx. The WDM Tx
is tuneable over the full C-Band.
! a NRZ 4x2.5 Gb/s concentrator with B&W plug-in S-16.1
interface , WDM TX with external MZ modulator and WDM
APD-based Rx. The WDM Tx is tunable over the full C-Band.
14
The client interface Processing The WDM line interface
Colored
laser
Rx Tx
Tx Rx
Control / Monitor
Colored
laser
i/o
4x 2.5Gb/s Tx
Client i/o WDM line
interface Smeraldo interface
i/o
Rx
i/o
Control / Monitor
15
For both the transponders and the Concentrator the HW core structure
consists in four main blocks: the B&W optical module, the WDM optical
module, the Smeraldo ASIC providing the signal processing capability
(FEC, PM etc.) and the control/monitor block.
The new Smeraldo ASIC enhanced FEC performances are shown in
the following figure.
16
! TRBC # TRiButary Concentrator (4x2.5 Gb/s)
80 chs configuration
Blank
PSUP
PSUP
RAIU
BMDX1000
Blank
Blank
Blank
Blank
Blank
Blank
Blank
TRBD
TRBD
TRBD
TRBD
TRBD
TRBD
TRBD
TRBD
ESCTL1000
PDU PDU PDU
CMDX1010
Blank
Blank
CIU Shelf
TRIB Shelf TRIB Shelf
Fan 8λ 16 λ
FANS
Line Shelf
TRIB Shelf TRIB Shelf
Air Defl. 16 λ 8λ
TRIB Shelf w/
MDX4* board
PSUP
PSUP
TRIB Shelf
Blank
RAIU
16 λ
Fan
TRBD
TRBD
TRBD
TRBD
TRBD
TRBD
TRBD
TRBD
TRBD
TRBD
TRBD
TRBD
TRBD
TRBD
TRBD
TRBD
ESCTL1000
CMDX1010
Blank
CMDX1010
TRIB Shelf
16 λ
1640WM items from previous releases 1626LM R.1 new items FANS
4.2.3 B-OADM
17
OADM Band structure
10 Gbs
10 Gbs Band 1 Band 2 Band 3
1 7 1 7
1:8
CMDX 1:8 CMDX
OADM-BMDX 1 1 OADM-BMDX
ban
DMUX Band
1:12 MUX
12:1
12 12
Figure 13: B-OADM block diagram (see appendix for the exact list of
channels skipped with B-OADM)
18
! cost saving: the optical channels originating from a 4xAny
TDM card being STM-16s/OC-48s can go through a
SDH/SONET network without requiring the use of 4xAny for
deconcentration
! flexibility: a SDH/SONET equipment can be used in any
network node to provide flexibility not only of the SDH/SONET
services but also of the datacom services, allowing dynamic
and individual re-routing of these services in the network.
STM-16
STM-16
STM-16
STM-4 FE
All client interfaces are plug-in for both the 4xany and the 4x2.5 Gb/s
concentrators
4.3 Configurations
19
First architecture: the 1626 LIGHT MANAGER Transponders and
Mux/Demux are used. This upgrade configuration is possible when only
one 1686WM Mux/Demux is installed, allowing the connection of the
1626 LIGHT MANAGER Mux/Demux to the unused port of the 1686
WM expansion board. In this way it’s possible to increase the number
of channels transmitted to more than 32 thanks to the improved
performances of the 1626 LIGHT MANAGER transponders. This is
realized filling the available 1686WM band (usually the Blue one) with
50 GHz spaced channels.
This block diagram is reported in the following figure.
1686-10 1686-10
Gb/s 1 1 Gb/s
OMDX 16
OMDX 16
100 Ghz
16 1
1686-10 6 1686-10
Gb/s Gb/s
EXP
EXP
8 8
1626- 1626-
BMDX
BMDX
TRBD TRBD
50
1626- Ghz 1626-
1 TRBD
CMDX
TRBD 1
CMDX
8 8
1626- 1626-
TRBD TRBD
New NE New NE
20
Blue: legacy 1686 boards
Yellow: new 1626 LM boards
1686-10 1686-10
Gb/s Gb/s
1 1
OMDX 16
OMDX 16
16
16
1626- 1626-
TRBD TRBD
EXP
EXP
New NE New NE
1626- 1626-
TRBD TRBD
1
OMDX 16
OMDX 16
16
1626- 16 1626-
TRBD TRBD
21
Blue: legacy 1640 boards
Yellow: new 1626 LM boards
8:1
8 8
1640-10 1640-10
5:1
5:1
Gb/s Gb/s
2:1
2:1
50
Ghz
1626-
TRBD 1
CMDX
1626-
CMDX
1 TRBD
8
1626-
BMDX
TRBD 50 8
1626-
BMDX
Ghz TRBD
1626-
TRBD 1 1626-
CMDX
1 TRBD
CMDX
8
1626-
8
TRBD New NE 1626-
TRBD
New NE
22
Shelf dimensions
600 mm 600 mm
300 mm
1626 Shelf
600 mm
1640WM+1626LM - 80 chs
1640WM - 8 chs
1626 Rack
1640 Rack
1626 Rack
23
1640-10 Gb/s 1640-10 Gb/s
1 1
MDX 3x2
MDX 3x2
40 40
1626-TRBD 1626-TRBD
MDX 4x1
MDX 4x1
1626-TRBD 1626-TRBD
1 1
MDX 3x3
MDX 3x3
40 40
1626-TRBD 1626-TRBD
New NE New NE
For new links the 1626 LIGHT MANAGER Rel.1 system can be used
together with the 1640WM or the 1686WM line transmission equipment
to provide an effective solution based on:
! High density
! Improved performances thanks to the enhanced FEC
! Improved scalability
! G.709 compliance
! 0 to 100% add/drop capability
24
1626 LIGHT MANAGER
10 Gbs 10 Gbs
1 7
1 7
1:8
1:8
CMDX
Band OFA
CMDX 1 10Gb/s
10Gb/s 1 TPD
TPD
CMDX
CMDX
1
1 1 1
8 10Gb/s
Band OFA TPD
BMDX
BMDX
10Gb/s 8
TPD
10
10 10
10
OADM- OADM-
10Gb/s 1
1640WM BMDX BMDX
1640WM
TPD 1 10Gb/s
TPD
CMDX
CMDX
10Gb/s 8 8 10Gb/s
TPD Band OFA TPD
Figure 20: new installation example with 1626 LM Rel.1 and 1640WM
transmission line – 80 chs
10Gb/s
10Gb/s TPD
TPD
10Gb/s
OMDX
10Gb/s
OMDX
TPD TPD
10Gb/s
TPD
10Gb/s
TPD EXP OADM EXP
10Gb/s
TPD 10Gb/s
TPD
OMDX
OMDX
10Gb/s 10Gb/s
TPD TPD
1686WM
equipment
Figure 21: new installation example with 1626LM Rel.1 and 1686WM
transmission line – 32 chs
25
4.3.5 Management
LA LA
Network Management
Interface
TL1 Or Q3
Ethernet port
Serial port
AgentEquipment
DCN & EOW Interface
5.1 Overview
The 1626 LIGHT MANAGER Rel.2 is focused in the introduction of the building
blocks necessary to complete what already introduced in Rel.1 in order to
provide:
! complete stand-alone systems with overall optimized footprint
! ULH performances
! NNI G.709 interface allowing end-to-end optical path management
! Automatic Pre-emphasis Adjustment (APA) to greatly streamline and
speed-up the system commissioning procedures.
In the remaining of this section the Rel.2 new system building blocks,
configurations and functionalities are described.
26
5.2 Rel.2 new building blocks and functionalities
The two amplifiers can be mixed along the transmission line according
to the span length distribution.
To further optimise the amplifier performances, the mid-stage
attenuation is adjustable, to reach the best working point according to
the link characteristics.
Optical amplifier
DC
VOA
27
In each double-stage amplifiers, a variable component is inserted at the
output of the first stage. The goal of the variable optical attenuator
(VOA, in green in the above drawing) located at the inter-stage is to
keep the output spectrum flat over a large range of operating gain. The
operating gain of the amplifiers varies according to the number of
loaded channels; in addition, for any type of fiber, the span loss
increases during the life of the system. This is mainly due to the repairs
that may occur after a fiber break. Typically, the End Of Life (EOL) loss
can be 1dB up to 3dB higher than the Beginning Of Life (BOL) loss.
The adaptation of the amplifier inter-stage greatly contributes to keep
the performance of the system within the specifications despite this
fiber degradation.
OFA#1 OFA#2
(1) Failure
OFA#4 OFA#3
28
5.2.3 OSC
With the line amplifiers introduction the 1626 LIGHT MANAGER can be
installed as a stand-alone system. In order to supervise all the NE
along a WDM transmission path, without relying on an external DCN,
an additional optical channels @ 4 Mb/s, called Optical Supervisory
Channel (OSC), is provided.
This extra channel is transmitted outside the amplifier transmission
bandwidth; in this way the system supervision keeps working also in
case of amplifier failure, reporting all the relevant transmission alarms.
In the 1626 LIGHT MANAGER the OSC wavelength is 1510 nm. This
channel is added/dropped in each NE along the transmission line,
providing a communication link within the system. In this way the
external DCN, necessary to connect the WDM system to the NM, can
reach just one of the system OLTE, receiving the supervision
information concerning the whole transmission line through the OSC.
In the following figure the OSC functionality is reported.
Tx Rx
DC DC DC
U U U
Tx Rx
Network Network
management management
The optical supervisory channel holds all the information for the in-line
amplifiers management, distant line terminal or OADM management,
auxiliary channels for data transmission, Engineering Order Wire and
voice channels. It provides the support of a DCC enabling remote user-
access from any site to all other sites. The OSC conveys a supervision
frame that contains a set of bytes dedicated to the telecommunication
management, including provisioning and equipment configuration. In
addition, the frame structure reserves some bytes for the customer
specific needs.
In R.2 the EOW functionality, allowing phone call capability, is provided.
In later releases the OSC will also support up to 4x64 Kbit/s user data
channels and 1x2 Mb/s clear channel.
29
5.2.4 ULH performance optimized transponder
During the life of a high capacity WDM system the transmitted channel
number can vary to a large extent. This is mainly due to the fact that the
first installed channel number can be quite low compared to the system
maximum capacity. It’s therefore necessary to keep the channels power
within the correct transmission limits whatever their actual number.
This adjustment is called Automatic Level Control (ALC) and it is
performed by means of an extra channel that allows keeping the total
optical power constant at the input of the booster whatever the number
of channel is.
At first installation, if the system is loaded with a small number of
channels, the ALC channel compensates for this absence and
automatically adjusts at a high level. This level will automatically
decrease during the addition of new working channels; this capacity
upgrade will therefore not introduce any penalty on the working
channels.
A dedicated board that is directly connected to the BMDX in the OLTE
provides the ALC functionality.
30
10Gb/s 1
TPD
1
CMDX
8:1
10Gb/s 8
TPD BMDX DC
6 10 :1
ALC
Booster
10
Figure 26: ALC connection in the 1626 LIGHT MANAGER OLTE (example)
The 1626LM R.2 supports all the features implemented in R.1, with the
implementation of the following new functionalities:
! Optical supervisory channel (OSC) management.
! NNI interfaces management.
! ODU-AIS maintenance signal.
! The G.709 clear channels GCC1 and GCC2 (dedicated bytes
in the ODU overhead) are managed to provide a 2Mb/s clear
channel per 10 Gb/s transmitted channel, to pass information
between any two NE with access to the ODU frame
The new transponder features are introduced without adding any new
HW thanks to the 1626 LIGHT MANAGER transponder HW
architecture, fully G.709 compliant since Rel.1.
31
These achievements, nevertheless, also result in complex installation
and commissioning activities. This is why it’s important to provide
functionalities enabling simple and fast system configuration and
optimisation.
The 1626 LIGHT MANAGER Rel.2 the implements the following
functionalities dedicated to installation and system commissioning:
! Automatic Pre-emphasis Adjustment (APA) based on remote
BER measurement: this functionality relies on the BER/channel
measured in the far-end transponders to optimise the pre-
emphasis of the transmitted channels. This implementation has
the following advantages compared to OSNR-based
optimisation techniques:
o It provides cost saving because all the needed HW is
already implemented on the transponders, no
embedded OSA is necessary.
o It is more efficient because the BER measurement is
the best way to precisely assess the real transmission
performances.
The two following steps activated in series enable the APA:
o Step 1: the channels power is progressively increased
until a measurable BER is reached on all channels.
o Step 2: the channels power is finely tuned according to
the BER measured at the receivers
The APA procedure is implemented by means of the APA
manager, located in one of the Line Terminals. All BER
measurements are sent to the APA manger that calculates the
optimum Tx transmission power.
32
Tx Tx
Rx Rx
APA
manager
Rx Rx
Tx Tx
33
Upper limitation due to
Rx overload and non-linear
effects within line fiber
Per channel power
Wavelength (nm)
34
5.3 Rel.2 new configurations
OR
OLTE OLTE
10 Gbs 10 Gbs
1 7
1 7
1:8
1:8
CMDX
Band OFA
CMDX 1 10Gb/s
10Gb/s 1 TPD
TPD
CMDX
CMDX
1
1 1 1
8 10Gb/s
Band OFA TPD
BMDX
BMDX
10Gb/s 8
TPD
10
10 10
10
OADM- OADM-
10Gb/s 1 BMDX BMDX
TPD 1 10Gb/s
TPD
CMDX
CMDX
10Gb/s 8 8 10Gb/s
TPD Band OFA TPD
LR
35
Rel.2: 1626LM 80 chs configuration
PDU PDU
PSUP
PSUP
RAIU
OSCU
LOFA
LOFA
BMDX1000
Master Transponder
TRBD
ALCT
TRBD
TRBD
TRBD
TRBD
TRBD
TRBD
TRBD
shelf 8 λ shelf 16 λ
ESCTL1000
CMDX1010
BOFA
Fans Fans
Transponder Transponder
FANS shelf 16 λ shelf 16 λ
Fans Fans
PSUP
PSUP
PSUP
PSUP
RAIU
Transponder Transponder
shelf 16 λ shelf 8 λ
Fans Fans
TRBD
TRBD
TRBD
TRBD
TRBD
TRBD
TRBD
TRBD
TRBD
TRBD
TRBD
TRBD
TRBD
TRBD
TRBD
TRBD
ESCTL1000
CMDX1010
CMDX1010
BOFA
DCM
FANS
36
5.3.2 Per Band dispersion compensation
1 10Gb/s
TPD
1 CMDX
DC 8:1
8 10Gb/s
Band OFA Band OFA
TPD
DC
BMDX
Pre-amplifier
10 1 10Gb/s
TPD
Band OFA
DC CMDX
8:1
Band OFA 8 10Gb/s
TPD
37
6. FUTURE RELEASES
The 1626 LIGHT MANAGER architecture is open to the introduction of further
advanced functionalities to satisfy the network evolutions:
! The Rel.1/2 Mux/Demux structure allows the introduction of the
25 GHz grid through the simple introduction of an interleaver
board.
! Additional OADM flexibility can be obtained by means of a new
channel-OADM (C-OADM) design allowing re-configurable
add/drop functionality at single channel level.
! The 1626 LIGHT MANAGER modular architecture allows an
easy migration from the Rel.1/2 OADM node structure to more
complex implementations, including matrix functionalities on
the added/dropped wavelengths (X-OADM).
! OMS and 1+1 optical protections
! The system band architecture lends itself to the implementation
of CPE application through remote traffic aggregation at band
level.
! Transmission at 40 Gb/s can be implemented by dedicating
bands to the channels at such bit-rate. In this case up to 4
channels/band @ 40 Gb/s, 100 GHz spaced, can be supported.
! Transmission distances can be further improved, introducing
dedicated Raman amplification modules and Automatic Gain
Flattening (AGE) capability.
! The transponder HW architecture allows an easy introduction
of new B&W client interfaces, according to the customer
requirements, and additional concentration functionality of Gbe
signals.
38
6.1 Mux/Demux architecture upgrade @ 25 GHz
Starting from the C-Band 50 GHz channel grid available in Rel.1/2, the system
capacity can be doubled by interleaving two 50 Ghz grids to implement 25 GHz
channel spacing. For new installations this is possible with just one interleaver
in each OLTE for the whole channel comb; for already installed systems the 25
GHz grid can be enabled on a per band basis, without affecting the channels in
service.
The interleaver position in the system is described in the following diagrams for
OLTE and OR respectively.
10Gb/s 1 1 10Gb/s
TPD BOFA TPD
CMDX
CMDX
1 1
BMDX
BMDX
10Gb/s 8 1 1 8 10Gb/s
TPD TPD
12
12 25GHz 25GHz
DC DC
2 Booster Preamplifier 2
10Gb/s 1 1 10Gb/s
TPD BOFA TPD
CMDX
CMDX
1 1
BMDX
BMDX
10Gb/s 8 8 10Gb/s
TPD TPD
12
12
39
1 10Gb/s
10Gb/s 1 BOFA TPD
TPD
CMDX
CMDX
1
1
BMDX
8 10Gb/s
BMDX
10Gb/s 8 DC DC TPD
TPD
12 Booster Preamplifier 12
10Gb/s 1 1 10Gb/s
TPD BOFA TPD
CMDX
CMDX
25 GHz
25 GHz
10Gb/s 8 8 10Gb/s
TPD TPD
10Gb/s 1 1 10Gb/s
TPD TPD
BOFA
CMDX
CMDX
10Gb/s 8 8 10Gb/s
TPD TPD
1 7 1 7
1 7 1 7
Band Band
OFA OFA
2 1
1 2
25 GHz
25 GHz
OADM-BMDX OADM-BMDX
1 1
DC DC
Pre-amplifier Booster
12 12
40
6.2 Additional system flexibility
6.2.1 C-OADM
WB blocks
BMDX
BMDX
BOFA
BOFA
CMDX CMDX
TRBCxy
TRBDxy
TRBCxy
TRBDxy
... ...
... ...
41
This will allow to deploy a 8 channel mux/demux but with the capability
to drop any wavelength from the incoming multiplex, e.g. ch.27, ch.12,
ch.31, ch.3, ch.7 … instead of a set of pre-determined wavelengths. It
will be possible to deploy tunable modules to expand the drop capacity
in addition to the already installed non-tunable mux/demux.
6.2.2 X-OADM
Matrix
Colored
10 Gbs 10 Gbs 10 Gbs 10 Gbs interfaces
1 7 1 7
1 7 1 7
Band Band
OFA OFA
2 1
1 2
25 GHz
25 GHz
OADM-BMDX OADM-BMDX
1 1
DC DC
Pre-amplifier Booster
10 10
42
6.3 OMS and 1+1 optical protections
The OMSP is devoted to the protection of both the cable cuts and in
line amplifier failures. A schematic diagram is reported in the following
figure.
Working line
TRBD TRBD
DEMUX
MUX
SP SW
Protection line
SP=Splitter; SW=Switch
43
The optical splitter duplicate the client signal at Tx side for the working
and the protection lines before the connection to the transponders; at
Rx side the switch selects the received signal to be sent to the client
equipment.
The schematic diagram of this optical protection is reported in the
following figure.
Working line
TRBD TRBD
MUX
MUX
Client
Client
SP SW
Protection line
MUX
MUX
TRBD TRBD
SP=Splitter; SW=Switch
6.4 CPE
The band architecture of the 1626 LIGHT MANAGER optical
multiplexers/demultiplexers is well suited to provide CPE configurations. For
example one 8-channels band can be remotely installed to provide a first traffic
aggregation step, where required, with the following advantages:
! Cost of DCU shared among 8 channels
! 3R interface cost minimization
! Optical fiber number saving
The following figure shows the block diagram of the CPE configuration. The
Band amplifiers are used to extend the distance between the remote traffic
aggregation site and the system Terminal.
44
1
10Gb/s
TPD TERMINAL SITE
CMDX
1
1
10Gb/s
TPD
8 Band OFA DC
10Gb/s BMDX
TPD
CMDX DC
10
8
4x2.5Gb/s
REMOTE SITE
45
1 40Gb/s
40Gb/s 1 DC TPD
BOFA
CMDX
TPD
CMDX
1
1
4:1
4:1
BMDX
4 40Gb/s
BMDX
DC
40Gb/s 4 DC DC TPD
TPD
12 Booster Preamplifier 12
10Gb/s 1 1 10Gb/s
TPD BOFA TPD
CMDX
CMDX
25 GHz
25 GHz
10Gb/s 8 8 10Gb/s
TPD TPD
10Gb/s 1 1 10Gb/s
TPD TPD
BOFA
CMDX
CMDX
10Gb/s 8 8 10Gb/s
TPD TPD
46
6.6 Raman amplification
Raman amplification is performed by means of powerful Raman pumps
counter-propagating in the transmission fiber with respect to the signal
direction. In this way the signal is amplified along the transmission fiber and the
overall system noise figure is reduced.
This is especially useful to extend the system maximum transmission distance
and to mitigate the penalty associated to the presence of very long spans in the
link.
Signal propagation
Signal propagation
OFA
Raman pumps
5
With Raman Amplification
0
Power (dBm)
-15
-20
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
Length (km)
47
6.7 Automatic Gain Equalization (AGE)
WDM channel powers accumulate tilt along the transmission path. This effect
needs to be counter-balanced in order to reach ULH transmission distances.
Particularly useful, from this point of view, is the introduction of smart filters
able to dynamically adjust the channels power whatever the temporal power tilt
evolution is.
This kind of devices can be installed periodically along the line, to keep the
channel power as equalized as possible, providing the best performance
improvement.
As reported in the following diagram the AGE receives the channel power
profile as input data and the dynamic filter transfer function is adjusted
accordingly. The AGE in the example is installed after a generic number “N” of
line amplifiers.
Terminal Terminal
xN xN
Tx Rx
DCU DCU
DCU DCU
Tx DCU
Rx
AGE
Power
monitoring
48
7. APPENDIX-CHANNEL GRID
The 1626LM channel grid @ 50 GHz is reported in the following table;
darkened channels are skipped when using the Band OADM.
END OF DOCUMENT
49
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