ISSUE - USE OF MATERIAL IN TRUE EXPRESSION

(STEEL)

INTEGRATED “BUS TERMINAL-CUM-

COMMERCIAL COMPLEX” AT MOHALI
THESIS REPORT 2010 – 11‟…

THESIS BY – GAURAV KUMAR,

FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE, GBTU, LUCKNOW
 CERTIFICATE

FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE, GBTU

tagore marg, lucknow-226007

This is to certify that this thesis entitled INTEGRATED” BUS TERMINAL CUM COMMERCIAL COMPLEX AT MOHALI ”is the

bonfire work of Gaurav kumar & submitted by him in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the
Bachelor’s Degree in Architecture.

RECOMMENDED ACCEPTED

(Thesis Advisor) (Principal)

Thesis Examined
(External Examiners)
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my faculty members, for his concern, support and guidance throughout my thesis.
He sorted out all my problems and queries and gave valuable suggestions to benefit my project.

I would like to take this opportunity to thank Proff. Mukul Singh, thesis coordinator and for approving my thesis and fulfilling the
official formalities for the same.

I would also like to thank my jury members for their valuable criticism during the internal juries, which helped a lot in the completion
of this thesis.
 DEDICATED TO “MY IDEALFATHER”
AND

“ GOOGLE ”
FOR THEIR ENCOURAGEMENT AND MORAL SUPPORT
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION ………… 1-2

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES

METHODOLOGY

SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS

ISSUE ………… 3-6

USE OF MATERIAL IN TRUE EXPRESSION i.e. (STEEL)

CLIENT BRIEF, SITE STUDY & ANALYSIS ………… 7 - 13

LOCATION ANALYSIS

SURROUNDINGS & APPROACH

VEGETATION, SERVICES, TOPOGRAPHY & CLIMATE, ETC

CASE STUDY ………… 14 - 34

ISBT KASHMERE GATE, DELHI

ISBT SEC17, CHANDIGARH
ANSAL PLAZA, DELHI
LIT STUDY ………… 35 - 38
SUPER BUS TERMINAL, JALANDHAR

INFERENCES ………… 39
STANDARDS ………… 40 - 41

TURNING CIRCUIT
BUS BAY AREA
BUS & CAR PARKING
 HIRED MODE PARKING
AREA ANALYSIS ………… 42 - 44

REQUIREMENTS ………… 45
AREA CALCULATION ………… 46 - 47

TRAFFIC FLOW ANALYSIS ………… 48

FLOW CHART
EVOLUTION OF IDEA, CONCEPT & SKETCHES ………… 49 - 55
CONCEPT
ZONING
SKETCHES
WORKING MODELS

56 - 58
DRAWING & DETAILS …………
LAYOUT PLAN
FLOOR PLANS
ELEVATIONS
SECTIONS
3 – D VIEWS
& DETAILS…………………………………..
ELECTIVES …………
FIRE FIGHTING
WORKING DRAWING
BIBLIOGRAPHY
…………
INTRODUCTION

Multiuse space concept

Aim

Objective

Methodology

Scope

Limitation
 1

INTRODUCTION……….

TRANSPORTATION IS ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AID OF COMMUNICATION FROM ONE PLACE TO OTHER
FOR VISITING PURPOSE OR IN THE SENSE OF TOURISM. A NUMBER OF FACTORS LIKE THE CONVENIENCE FROM ONE PLACE TO THE
OTHER, PROMOTION OF TOURISM, FOR COMMUNICATION BETWEEN PLACES ETC. HAVE PREDICTED THE IMPORTANCE OF PLANNING
SUCH AS ROADWAYS INDUSTRIES IN THE ASSENSE OF BUS TERMINALS.

TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM IMPROVES THE SOCIAL, ECONOMIC, INDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL PROGRESS AND FURTHER
TRANSFORMS THE SOCIETY INTO AN ORGANIZED ONE. IT IS ONE OF THE ESSENTIAL SERVICES, VITAL FORCE FOR DETERMINING THE
DIRECTION OF DEVELOPMENT. TO ACHIEVE THE DESIRED TRANSPORTATION BALANCE AND FOR THE SYSTEM TO BE EFFICIENT, IT IS
ESSENTIAL TO PROVIDE ORGANIZED FACILITIES IN THE SYSTEM.
AS TRANSPORTATION IS CONCERNED WITH THE MOVEMENT BETWEEN ORIGIN AND DESTINATION INVOLVES THE MOVEMENT OF
PEOPLE AND GOODS, THERE IS NEED FOR AN ACCESS POINT IN THE SYSTEM FOR USE.

“MULTIUSE SPACE CONCEPT”

EFFICIENT USE OF SPACE FOR ENTERTAINMENT, SHOPPING & RELATED ACTIVITY, CONCEPT OF PLANNING OF DIFFERENT ACTIVITY
EVOLUTION OF COMMERCIAL COMPLEX i.e. ANCIENT AGORA & MEDIEVAL PLAZA OF EUROPEAN CITIES
INDIAN CONTEXT – INDIAN BAZZARS
DAILY SHOPPING AT TERMINAL ITSELF RATHER THAN GOING TO MARKET PLACES AND THUS SAVE TIME.
AIM -
TO ACHIEVE DESIGN EXCELLENCE AND TO COME UP WITH A PROTOTYPE DESIGN FOR A BUS TERMINAL FOR FUTURE AND URBAN
SCENARIO WHERE SPACE WILL BECOME PRECIOUS COMMODITY & HIGH BUS TRIP WILL HAVE TO SUPPORT FROM SMALL SITE.FURTHER
TO SAVE SPACE COMMERCIAL ACTIVITIES WILL BE INCORPORATE WITH BUS TERMINAL AND GIVE TO MOHALI A MISSING LANDMARK
BUILDING.
OBJECTIVE –
PROVIDE AN ARCHITECTURE SOLUTION FOR INTEGRATING THE TERMINAL WITH COMMERCIAL COMPLEX.
 2
ARCHITECTURE CONSIDERATION TRANSPORTATION REGULATION ECONOMIC STANDARD

TO PROVIDE FAST & UNDERSTANDING FLOW OF TRAFFIC.

TO PROVIDE CLEAR SEGREGATION OF DIFFERENT TYPE OF TRAFFIC, NO CONGESTION AT PEAK HOUR.
TO PROVIDE OPTIMUM CONNECTIONS BETWEEN ALL ELEMENTS AND SPACES, I.E. CLEAR CONNECTION OF FUNCTIONS.
TO INCORPORATE TODAY’S COMMUNICATION SYSTEM, SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM ETC. IN TO DESIGN
METHODOLOGY

UNDERSTANDINGBASICNEEDOFDESIGN,ITSSCOPE&LIMITATION

NECESSARYDATACOLLECTED&ANALYSIS

SITEANALYSIS CASESTUDY LITSTUDY

STUDYOFSPATIAL STDUYOFSPATIAL
REQUIREMENT INTERRELATIONSHIP STUDYOFSPATIAL
ORGANIZATION
STUDYFLOWCIRCULATION
OFPEOPLE&SERVICE

COMARATIVEANLYSIS

FRAMINGREQUIREMENT

EVOLUTIONOFDESIGNCONCEPT

BUILDINGOFCONCEPT&DESIGN

FINALDESIGNSOLUTION
SCOPE & LIMITATION
FRAMING REQUIREMENT FOR A MAX NOS. OF PASSENGER PER DAY IN BOTH DIRECTIONS
STUDYING THE VARIOUS TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENT IN THE FIELD OF SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM, COMMUNICATION SYSTEM, FIRE
FIGHTING SYSTEM, ETC.
ISSUE OR THRUST AREA

Use of material in true expression

(Steel)
Lit study - Pompidou center
 3
ISSUEORTHRUSTAREAUSE OF MATERIAL IN TRUE EXPRESSION (STEEL)

• FROM FURNITURE TO RAILWAYS, CONSTRUCTION TO FARMING, ARCHITECTURE

TO AUTOMOBILES, SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS TO RAZOR BLADES,
• COINS TO AEROSPACE... STEEL IS EVERYWHERE.
• WHEN STAINLESS STEEL WAS ACCIDENTALLY DISCOVERED BY AN ENGLISH METALLURGIST, HARRY REARLEY, IN AUGUST 1913,

NO ONE COULD HAVE THOUGHT THAT IT WOULD SO QUICKLY BECOME THE MATERIAL OF THE MODERN PROGRESSIVE WORLD IN SUCH A
SHORT TIME. BUTIT DID.

• TO ADD A HIGH PROPORTION OF CHROMIUM - KNOWN TO HAVE A HIGH MELTING POINT- TO SEE IF IT WOULD INCREASE THE
RESISTANCETOSUCHHIGHTEMPERATUREEROSION.
• STAINLESS STEEL IS AN IRON ALLOY WHICH CONTAINS A MINIMUM OF 11 PER CENT CHROMIUM BESIDES SOME OTHER
ADDITIVES LIKE NICKEL, MOLYBDENUM, TITANIUM, ALUMINIUM AND COPPER.
• STAINLESS STEEL IS ATTRACTIVE BECAUSE OF ITS RESISTANCE TO EROSION AND CORROSION; IT IS LIGHTWEIGHT WITHOUT
COMPROMISING STRENGTH. MOREOVER, IT IS HEAT RESISTANT, DURABLE, IMPACT RESISTANT, LOW MAINTENANCE, FLEXIBLE, HAS A
LOW LIFE-CYCLE COST AND AN AESTHETIC APPEARANCE.
 4
• THE USES OF STEEL ARE DIVERSE AND PLENTY

• THIS METAL'S
AMAZING QUALITY OF BEING CORROSION RESISTANT IS DUE TO THE ADDITION OF CHROMIUM, WHICH FORMS A NATURAL OXIDE
FILM ON ITS SURFACE. THIS PASSIVE FILM IS THINNER THAN A STRAND OF HAIR.

• THIS THIN ADHERING FILM IS IMPERVIOUS TO AIR AND WATER AND ACTS AS A PROTECTIVE LAYER WHICH IMMEDIATELY
REPAIRS ITSELF IF THE SURFACE IS DAMAGED, THUS PREVENTING CORROSION. THIS PHENOMENON IS CALLED 'PASSIVATION'.
• WHILE WE TAKE THE ROLE OF STAINLESS STEEL IN OUR DAILY LIVES FOR GRANTED, A HEARTENING FACT IS THAT THIS IS A 100 PER
CENT RECYCLABLE MATERIAL. THE MAIN SOURCE OF RAW MATERIAL FOR STAINLESS STEEL IS RECYCLED METAL. OVER 50 PER CENT OF
 5
NEW STAINLESS STEEL IS PRODUCED FROM RECYCLED SCRAP. THIS MEANS THAT THE NEW STAINLESS STEEL PRODUCT YOU BUY HAS
BEEN PART OF A USEFUL PRODUCT IN THE SAME METAL IN AN EARLIER LIFE.THOUGH IT IS RECYCLED AS MUCH AS POSSIBLE,

• STAINLESS STEEL HAS FOUR BROAD CATEGORIES: MARTENSITIC, FERRITIC, AUSTENITIC AND DUPLEX.
• AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEEL IS THE MOST WIDELY USED VARIETY BECAUSE OF ITS GOOD HIGH AND LOW TEMPERATURE
• PROPERTIES AND BECAUSE IT IS NON MAGNETIC.
6
CLIENT BRIEF & SITE ANALYSIS

Client brief,
Location analysis
Surroundings
Approach
Site description
Vegetation, services, topography & climate ETC
 7
CLENT BRIEF
PUNJAB INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT

BOARD, (PIDB)
HAS PROPOSED TO DEVELOP MODERN FULLY
AIR-CONDITIONED BUS TERMINALS ACROSS
MOHALI.
FACILITIES SUCH AS SHOPPING MALLS, OFFICE

COMPLEX, FOOD COURTS, ETC.

FURTHERMORE, HAS PROPOSED TO REVAMP.
GREATER MOHALI AREA DEVELOPMENT

AUTHORITY &
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORT, GOP AND
THE PRIVATE SECTOR PLAYER (PSP)
INTRODUCTION TO REGION
CHANDIGARH, THE CAPITAL OF HARYANA AND
PUNJAB, IS CONSIDERED AS ONE OF THE MOST
WELL PLANNED CITIES IN INDIA. THE CITY WAS

CONCEIVED BY THE FAMOUS FRENCH

ARCHITECT, LE CORBUSIER IN 1953, OWING TO

ITS DEVELOPED SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE AND
HIGHER QUALITY OF LIFE LEADING THE REAL
ESTATE GROWTH TOWARDS THE ADJOINING
REGIONS (SUCH AS MOHALI, PANCHKULA, ETC.)
WITH AMPLE AVAILABILITY OF LAND.
 8
18TH DISTRICT OF PUNJAB 13.04.06. EXTENSION OF ‘CITY BEAUTIFUL – CHANDIGARH’

MOHALI, ALSO KNOWN AS SAS NAGAR (SAHIBZADA AJIT SINGH NAGAR), IS AN EXTENDED
CONURBATION OF CHANDIGARH, TOWARDS ITS SOUTH-
WEST, IN PUNJAB & KNOWN AS AN ORGANIC EXTENSION
TO CHANDIGARH SHARES SIMILAR DEMOGRAPHICS AS THE
UNION TERRITORY DURING INCEPTION, CHANDIGARH CITY
WAS PLANNED TO HOUSE A POPULATION OF APPROX.
150,000 ACROSS 30 LOW DENSITY SECTORS. HOWEVER,
WITH ITS GROWING PROMINENCE, ITS POPULATION

EXPONENTIALLY INCREASED AND THUS THE CITY EXPANDED

BY ADDITIONAL 17 SECTORS CAPABLE OF HOUSING AN ADDITIONAL 350,000 PEOPLE.
AS OF DATE, CHANDIGARH ALSO SHARES PARTS OF SECTORS 48 TO 56, 61 AND 63 WITH MOHALI.
COMMERCIAL OFFICE SEGMENT ACTIVITY IN THE CITY HAS BEEN LIMITED TO OFFICES OF INSURANCE
COMPANIES, BANKS, REGIONAL OFFICES, SALES DISTRIBUTION CENTERS, REAL ESTATE DEVELOPERS, ETC.
THE OFFICE ACTIVITY PRIMARILY HAS BEEN ESTABLISHED IN THE SECTOR MARKETS WHICH ARE NON INVESTMENT
GRADE IN NATURE, AND OFFER SCO ………………….
(SHOP CUM OFFICE) FORMAT OF DEVELOPMENT MIX WITH TRANSPORT…………………..….NEED FOR NEW BUS
TERMINAL & COMMERCIAL COMPLEX, PRESENT BUS TERMINAL 62 SECTOR. EXTRA PRESSURE ON ISBT 43,
DESIGN-BUILD-OPERATE-TRANSFERS (DBOT)
PROPOSED BUS TERMINAL WOULD MAINLY BE A TRANSIT BUS TERMINAL FOR NORTHERN PUNJAB, HIMACHAL
AND J&K BUSES POTENTIAL BUS TRIPS / DAY ~1938
 9

LOCATION ANALYSIS/SPATIAL SPREAD

THE SUBJECT SITE IS STRATEGICALLY LOCATED AT VERKA CHOWK, AT THE BEGINNING OF THE CHANDIGARH -KHARAR ROAD (NH 21)
WITH SUPERIOR ACCESS FROM CHANDIGARH AND MOHALI. THE SITE IS SURROUNDED BY THE INDUSTRIAL AREA OF MOHALI, WHICH
HOUSES PROMINENT BUSINESS ESTABLISHMENTS SUCH AS RANBAXY, DELL, VERKA, ETC. CHANDIGARH - KHARAR ROAD ALSO
PROVIDES
DIRECT ACCESS BETWEEN CHANDIGARH AND OTHER IMPORTANT CITIES IN THE NEIGHBOURING STATES OF PUNJAB, HARYANA AND
HIMACHAL PRADESH. THIS HAS RESULTED IN HIGH INTER-STATE TRAFFIC ALONG THE NATIONAL HIGHWAY - 21, RESULTING IN IDEAL
POSITIONING FOR A TRANSIT BUS TERMINAL ALONG WITH A COMMERCIAL COMPLEX AT THE SUBJECT SITE.
SWOT ANALYSIS

STRENGTH WEAKNESS

SUBJECTSITEISLOCATEDWITHIN
THEPRECINCTSOFTHEMOHALI
FRONTAGEONALLTHREESIDESPROVIDES INDUSTRIALAREAWHICHMAY
THESUBJECTSITEWITHMULTIPLEACCESS NEGATIVELYAFFECT
PROXIMITYTOCHANDIGARHAND
ESTABLISHEDRESIDENTIALCATCHMENTS
OFMOHALIEXPECTEDTOENHANCE
SUBJECTSITEIMAGE

OPPORTUNITY
THREATS

SUBJECTSITELIESONANEMERGING
GROWTHVECTOR.
DIRECTCONNECTIVITYTOMOHALI
AIRPORTPROPOSEDFORUPGRADATION,
FROMA4-LANETOA6-LANEWIDEROAD
UPCOMINGSUPPLYINALL
REALSTTECOMPONENTSIN
TOWNSHIPALONGTHE
CHANDIGARH–KHARARROAD
WIILACTASPOSSIBLEFUTURE
COMPETIONTOSUBJECT
DEVELOPMENT
10
0
 11
SITE DESCRIPTION 0

SITE ANALYSIS

SITEANALYSIS

REGIONAL/URBANCONTEXT LOCATION

REGIONALLINKAGEI.E.ROADCONNECTION TOPOGRAPHICALDATA

CITYLEVELFACILITIES&AMENITIES CLIMATOLOGICALLYDATA

LANDUSE,DEVELOPMENTCONTROLSANDBYLAWS SITESURROUNDING

ANALYSISOFDATACOLLECTED
SITE DETAILS
SITE AREA – 7.02 ACRES (28439.4711 SQ. M)
 12
0
PERMITTED GROUND COVERAGE 40 % = 11375.78 SQ.M & FAR = 1:3,
PARKING NOT INCLUDED IN FAR
TOTAL BUILT UP AREA = 3 X 28439.47 SQ.M =85318.41 SQ.M
HEIGHT MAX 145MTS,
SITE LIES IN THE 8TH RING FROM THE AIRPORT

&SUBJECT TO APPROVAL FROM AIRPORT

AUTHORITY.
PARKING FOR COMMERCIAL 3 ECS PER 100 SQ
MTRS COVERED AREA ON THE FLOORS
2ECS PER100 SQ.MTS FOR SHOPPING
1.5 ECS PER 100 SQ.MTS OF OFFICE
TOPOGRAPHY – SLOPE OF THE SITE AND WATER
DRAIN TOWARDS THE ROAD AND MORE FLAT
LAND.
VEGETATION – FEW OF TREES AT PERIPHERY –
CAN BE CUT PERMISSION FROM AUTHORITY (GMADA, PIDB)
GEOLOGY - SOIL TEST CONDUCTED BY GMADA. SOIL IS FIT FOR THIS TYPE OF CONSTRUCTION WORK.
SERVICES - WATER SUPPLY, ELECTRICITY – CABLE, TELEPHONE LINE RUNNING ALONG THE SITE
MECHANICAL VENTILATION SHALL BE PROVIDED FOR BASEMENT PARKING
INFERENCE
PRIME LOCATION CREATE INTEREST FROM ALL SIDES
THREE SIDES INTERNAL TRAFFIC SHOULD CAUSES MAX DISTURBANCE
TRIANGULAR SITE LIMIT THE DESIGN
 13
ENVIORNMENTOAL ASPECT SHOULD KEEP IN MIND WHILE DESIGNING I.E. TO REDUCE NOISE & AIR POLLUTION. 0
CLIMATE DATA
CASE & LIT STUDY

ISBT, sec-17, Chandigarh

ISBT kashmere gate, delhi

Super bus terminal, Jalandhar

Ansal plaza, khel gaon marg, delhi

 14
ISBT, SECTOR 17, CHANDIGARH 1950…………………..1956 – 57 0

THE BUS TERMINAL WAS DEVELOPED TO SERVE AS THE PRIMARY TRANSPORT NODE FOR CHANDIGARH CITY,
SECOND ISBT SEC 43 TO MEET THE GROWING DEMAND 1500 FLEET OF BUSES COMING FROM OUT STATION

ITISLOCATEDWITHIN2-3MILESFROMTHERAILWAYSTATION.
SITEISATTHECROSSINGOFV3ROADS. ALONGTHEREAREFOURSECTORS,THESE ARE19, 18,16&22.
SITE HAS BEEN APPROACHED BY TWO MAJOR, HIGHWAYSNH-21TORUPNAGARANDNH-22TO SHIMLA.
 15
0

OPERATOR CHANDIGARHTRANSPORTUNDERTAKING
ARCHITECT ADITYAPRAKASH
COMPLETEDIN 1957
TOTALAREAOFTHESITE 8.5ACRES(NOWINCREASEDTO10ACRES)
BUILDINGSTRUCTURE MAX.G+1
CATERING TO PASSANGER TRAFFICE FROM CHANDIGARH, DELHI AND HARYANA
1.5LKH 3.5LKH 5LKH 8.5LKH

ISBT17 SECONDPHASE INCREASEBEYONDEXPECTION ISBT43

DETAILED COMPONENTS –
MAIN STRUCTURE SOMEWHAT CENTRALLY LOCATED IN THE MAIN BUILDING WITH CENTRAL WAITING HALL, ALL PASSENGERS AND
STAFF FACILITIES ARE LOCATED AROUND IT
IT IS COLUMN AND BEAM STRUCTURE WITH SQUARE GRIDS OF 17’3” X 17’3”.
FAÇADE IS OF EXPOSE BRICKWORK.
ALONG THE N- W SIDE, THE BUILDING IS IN THREE LEVELS

DESIGNPRINCIPLES-
ENTRY ANDEXITOFTHEINTERSTATE BUSES ARE PROVIDED EXCLUSIVELYFROMTHE BUS LANE.

SEPARATE PARKING LOTS FOR-CITYBUSES,PRIVATE VEHICLES,AUTO RICKSHAW,TAXI.CYCLE, RICKSHAW

 16
0
SEPARATE ENTRIESFORTHEINTERCITYBUSES.
CONCEPT OF CORRIDOR PLANNING.
PLAY OF LIGHT WITH THE USE OF ROOFS AT DIFFERENT LEVELS.
SOW TOOTH LOADING PLATFORMS.
SCOPE FOR FUTURE EXPANSION.
IT CATERS TO A DAILY OF 3456 BUSES AND HANDLES BUSES FROM 5 STATES &IUT (CHANDIGARH).
OPEN COURTYARD HAS BEEN PROVIDED FOR LIGHT AND VENTILATION OF BUILDING BUT DUE TO LACK OF PROPER MAINTENANCE THE
COURTYARD REMAIN DIRTY.
THE RESTAURANT OF FIRST FLOOR NEVER FULLY UTILIZED THE REASON BEING THAT THE PASSENGER ARE UNABLE TO LOCATE IT AND IF
SITTING IN THE RESTAURANT, CANNOT KEEP EYE ON THE BUSES.
AT SOME PLACE, TOILET ARE NOT PROVIDED
THE SITTING CAPACITY FOR THE PASSENGER IS INSUFFICIENT
THE LIGHT AND VENTILATION IS QUITE GOOD IN THE BUILDING EXCEPT THE TOILET WHERE VENTILATION IS PROVIDED BUT DIRECT
SUNLIGHT DOES NOT ENTER.
17
0
 18
GROUND FLOOR - WAITING HALL, CANTEEN, LOADING BAYS, TICKET COUNTER, TOILET, FOOD, AND BOOKSTALL, ENQUIRY OFFICE, 0

CLOAK ROOM ETC.

FIRST FLOOR – RAILWAY BOOKING OFFICE, POST OFFICE, POLICE POST, STATION SUPERVISOR ROOM, TOURIST INFORMATION OFFICE,
RESTAURANT, TOURIST REST ROOM, TOURISM OFFICE OF CHANDIGARH ETC. HAVE BEEN PROVIDED.
PARKING

LOADING PLATFORM
A TOTAL NO OF 53 LOADING BAYS

THE LOADING BAYS ARE STRAIGHT SAW TOOTH TYPE 12’6” WIDE AND 4” HIGH.
COVERED PLATFORM, MANY OF BUS STOPPERS

SOMETIMES DURING PEAK HOURS, 2- 3 BUSES STAND ON A SINGLE BAY THUS CREATE CONGESTION
UNLOADING PLATFORM

NEAR THE ENTRY POINT DUE TO LACK OF COVERED PLATFORM, ITS UNDERSELL DURING SUMMER AND RAINY SEASON
IDEAL PARKING

A TOTAL NO OF 71 BUS PARKING, BAYS ARE PROVIDED OF WHICH 7 ARE PROVIDED OF WHICH FOR LONG TERM PARKING
IDEAL PARKING IS PROVIDED ON THE OPPOSITE SIDE OF THE LOADING PLATFORM

PARKING FOR LOCAL CONVEYANCE BACK SIDE OF TERMINUS, FROM WHERE THE PEOPLE ENTER THE TERMINAL.
500 SCOOTER & 25- 30 CARS

A LARGE SPACE IN THE BASEMENT IS ALSO PROVIDED ADJACENT TO THE OPEN PARKING FOR PRIVATE VEHICLES
IT HAS A CAPACITY OF 500 SCOOTER & 1500 CYCLES ONLY

LIGHT IS THE MAIN PROBLEM IN THE BASEMENT AS SKYLIGHTS PROVIDED ARE INSUFFICIENT AND ACTS AS VENTILATOR ONLY.
SUBWAY- THE PEDESTRIAN FROM THE SECTOR 22 SIDE GO BY THE UNDERGROUND SUBWAY TO REACH THE TERMINUS.
 19
ISBT KASHMERE GATE 0

BACKGROUND

ARCHITECT V.P.DHAMIJA&RAJINDERKUMAR

COMPLETEDIN 1973

SITEAREA 11ACRES
 20
0
MODES OF TRANSPORTATION
IN THE DEPARTURE BLOCK TWO RAMPS AND TWO STAIRCASES ARE PROVIDED TO CONNECT MAIN LOUNGE.
AN OVER BRIDGE IS ALSO PROVIDED TO CONNECT INTER STATE TERMINAL BUILDING TO DTC BLOCK.
ASUBWAYTOACCESSDTCBUSESHASBEENPROVIDED,WHICHSEGREGATESTHEMOVEMENTOFPASSENGERS
USINGTHELOCALANDTHEINTERSTATEBUSES..
 21
CIRCULATION 0

• AN EFFICIENT CIRCULATION PATTERN IS FOLLOWED IN THE ISBT. THERE IS SEGREGATION IN CIRCULATION OF BUSES AND NON - BUS
(OTHER LIGHT VEHICLES) TRAFFIC DUE TO THE DIFFERENCE IN MOVEMENT CHARACTER.

• THERE IS A SEPARATE ENTRY AND EXIT POINTS FOR INTER-CITY AND INTRA-CITY BUS SERVICES.
• THERE IS A PROPER SEGREGATION FOR VEHICULAR AND PEDESTRIAN MOVEMENT.

DESIGN PRINCIPLES
SEGREGATION OF DIFFERENT MODES OF TRANSPORT & ACTIVITIES
SEGREGATION OF ALIGHTING AND BOARDING PLATFORMS
SEGREGATION OF INCOMING AND OUTGOING PASSENGERS AT TWO LEVELS.

ARRIVAL BLOCK - IT IS 7 STORIED STRUCTURES

GROUND FLOOR

IT IS ARRIVAL BLOCK HAVING 19 UNLOADING PLATFORMS.

ANGULAR BAYS ARE PROVIDED FOR THE UNLOADING OPERATION,
CONTROL ROOM, ENQUIRY COUNTERS, TOURIST INFORMATION COUNTERS
THE SPACE IS DULL AND DARK DUE TO INSUFFICIENT NATURAL LIGHT
THERE ARE SUFFICIENT NUMBERS OF PUBLIC AMENITIES PROVIDED IN THIS AREA.
THERE ARE MANY EATING JOINTS BUT NO SMOKE OUTLETS ARE PROVIDED.
FIRST FLOOR
THE MAIN ENTRANCE LEVEL OF THE FIRST FLOOR LINKS THE OUTGOING PORCH TO ENTRY
LOUNGE AND FACILITIES LIKE POST OFFICES, ENQUIRY AND BANK ARE PROVIDED AT THIS LEVEL.
SECONDTOFOURTHFLOOR
 22
MAINTENANCE AND ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF IS ACCOMMODATED ON THE SECOND FLOOR AND THE VARIOUS TRANSPORT COMPANY 0

OFFICES AND OTHER TERMINAL STAFF ON THE THIRD AND FOURTH FLOORS.
AT FOURTH LEVEL THE ROOF OF THE CORRIDOR HAS BEEN LOWERED DOWN TO ACCOMMODATE THE SERVICE PIPES FIFTH FLOOR OF UPPER LEVELS.

FIFTH FLOOR WAS DESIGNED TO ACCOMMODATE THE TRANSIT HOTEL FOR OVERNIGHT STAYING PASSENGERS, BUT NOW THE COMPLETE
FLOOR IS USED AS OFFICERS OF DELHI ADMINISTRATION FOR EARNING REVENUE.
SIXTH FLOOR HAS BEEN DESIGNED FOR RESIDENTIAL USE BY FULL TIME STAFF AND SOME ADMINISTRATIVE
STAFF WITH THE FACILITIES OFDOUBLE BED ROOM FLAT AND SINGLE BEDROOM FLAT.
LOUVERS HAVE BEEN PROVIDED FOR BETTER LIVING ACCOMMODATION.

LINK BLOCK

IT IS A CONNECTING BLOCK BETWEEN ARRIVAL AND DEPARTURE BLOCK AT FIRST FLOOR LEVEL.
THIS BLOCK WAS DESIGNED FOR TICKET BOOTHS FOR EACH PARKING BERTH.
NOW 90% OF THE TICKET BOOTHS PROVIDED HERE IS NOT USED AS THEY HAVE SET UP THEIR COUNTERS (CURRENT BOOKING) AT
DEPARTURE LEVEL.
SKY LIGHT HAS BEEN USED TO BRING NATURAL LIGHT IN THIS AREA. THESE ARE BOTH CIRCULAR AND CONICAL
 23
SMALL ENQUIRY OFFICES OF DIFFERENT STATE TOURISM AND SMALL SECURITY CELL ARE PROVIDED IN THE CENTRE AROUND A LARGE DIA 0
HOLLOW COLUMN WHICH ACT AS THE SKYLIGHT FOR ARRIVAL BLOCK BELOW.
THIS BLOCK A LARGE WAITING AREA TO FACILITATE PASSENGER
THE WAITING AREA IN THE LINK BLOCK IS NOT USED AS MUCH BECAUSE PASSENGER HAVE TENDENCY TO WAIT NEAR THE DEPARTURE
PLATFORM OF THE BUS.
THE COUNTER IN THE LINK BLOCK IS ONLY BEING USED FOR ADVANCE RESERVATION FACILITIES.

SECTION SHOWING ROOFING SYSTEM

CIRCULAR CUTOUTS OF SKYLIGHTS 1 M, 2M AND 3 M DIAMETERS HAVE BEEN USED ABOVE THE WAITING AREA
DEPARTURE BLOCK IT IS DIVIDED INTO TWO LEVELS.
THE LOWER ONE FOR THE USE OF OUTGOING PASSENGERS AND BUSES, AND
THE UPPER LEVEL FOR WAITING OUT SEATING PURPOSES. A MEZZANINE IS ALSO PROVIDED TO HOUSE THE OFFICES AND REST ROOMS OF
BUS CREW. THE UPPER LEVEL IS NOT BEING USED TO ITS FULL EXTEND, HENCE CREATING CONGESTION AT LOWER LEVEL.KIOSKS AND STALLS
HAVE BEEN LOCATED BETWEEN THE BUS BAY AND WAITING AREA AND ATTRACT LOT OF PASSENGERS TO COME. THIS CROWD CLOCKS THE
BUS BAY VIEW FROM WAITING ARE RESULTING IN THE CONGESTION ON CONCOURSE WHILE THE WAITING AREA REMAINS EMPTY.
 24
0

ANGULAR BAYS ARE PROVIDED FOR LOADING PLATFORMS WHICH ARE EFFICIENT
FORLOADING OPERATIONAND REQUIRE LESS AREA.
ANGULAR BAYS ARE PROVIDED FOR LOADING PLATFORM, SO
A. PASSENGER HAS CLEAR APPROACH TO ENTRY DOOR.
B. AREA REQUIRED PER VEHICLE IS LESS.
2. UNLOADING PLATFORMS ARE NOT PROVIDED.
3. THE AREA OF REST ROOM FOR BUS CREW STAFF IS VERY LESS AND THERE ARE NO TOILET FACILITIES FOR THEM.
4. TOILET FACILITIES AND WAITING FACILITIES ARE LESS
5. EATING AND DRINKING WATER FACILITIES ARE SUFFICIENT
THE KITCHEN AND RESTAURANT SPACE IN THE DEPARTURE BLOCK IS NOW BEING USED AS OFFICES OF
THE DELHI ADMINISTRATION DUE TO WHICH, MANY UNWANTED PEOPLE COME TO THIS AREA DISTURBING
THE FUNCTIONING OF THE TERMINUS.
 25
0

STRUCTURAL SYSTEM
THEBUILDINGISACOLUMN BEAMBASED STRUCTURE, USECOFFERED SLAB TO ACHIEVELARGE SPAN
THEREBY REDUCINGTHE NUMBEROF COLUMN ANDINCREASING THEFREE SPACEINSIDE.
THERMAL COMFORT AND DAYLIGHTING

THE ENTIRE BUILDING IS QUITE COOL IN THE SUMMER BECAUSE IT IS HEAVILY LOUVERED ON ALL SIDES WHICH PREVENT THE DIRECT SUNLIGHT,

PREVENTING DIRECT HEATING OF THE INTERNAL AREAS.THE MASSIVE ROOF LIGHTS OVER THE DEPARTURE AREA AID IN NATURAL LIGHTING.
THE BUILDING BECOMES VERY CHILLY IN THE WINTERS, SINCE IT IS OPEN ON ALL SIDES, AND THERE IS NO PROTECTION FROM THE COLD DRAUGHT
WHATSOEVER.SINCE THE LOADING AND UNLOADING AREAS ARE PARTIALLY OR WHOLLY COVERED, THIS LEADS TO A LOT OF THE POLLUTED
AIR GETTING TRAPPED INSIDE THE WAITING AREAS.
 26
AREA ANALYSIS 0

TOTALBUILTUPFLOORAREA 3,36,305SQFT
(7.72ACRES) S. NO SERVICE PROVIDER NUMBER
OF TRIPS
AREAOFARRIVALBLOCK 159355SQFT
1 UP ROADWAYS 390
AREAOFDEPARTUREBLOCK 103700SQFT. 2 UTTARAKHAND 165
AREAOFLINKBLOCK 54350SQFT 3 PUNJAB 123
AREAOF1FLOOR 2.19ACRES 4 RAJASTHAN 100
AREAOFTOILETS/URINALS 0.38ACRES 5 HIMACHAL PRADESH 68
TICKETCOUNTERS 5SQM 6 HARYANA 647
7 DTC 230
PUBLIC FACILITIES 8 JAMMU & KASHMIR 2
TOILET GENTS-74NOS. 9 CHANDIGARH TRANSP. CORP. 33
LADIES-64NOS.
10 PVT (ON PERMIT BY STA) 35
WATERPOINTS 75NOS.
11 PVT (OTHER) 35
PUBLICADDRESSSYSTEM 01NO.
12 OTHERS 23
POLICEPOST 01NO.
13 TOTAL BUSES 1851
CLOAKROOMS 01NO.
OCCUPANCY NUMBER OFBUSES FOOT-
ENQUIRY&BOOTH 02NO.
FALL
DELUXETOILETS GENTS-03NOS.
LADIES-02NOS. 30.9 1851 57209

WATERCOOLERS 10NOS. BUS TRAFFIC SURVEY - OBSERVED PEAK HOUR FLOW IS 6.4% AT KASHMIRI GATE

DIESELGENERATORSET 02NOS.
 27
ANSAL PLAZA AT DELHI, KHEL GAON MARG
ANSAL PLAZA AT DELHI IS AN EXQUISITE SAMPLE OF CONTEMPORARY ARCHITECTURE BEAUTIFULLY LANDSCAPED WITH GREENERY AND
FOUNTAINS. LOCATED AT HUDCO PLACE IN THE HEART OF DELHI.
 28
BACKGROUND

LOCATION: BUILTUPAREA 17760SQ.M.

SOUTH DELHI
o
CIRCULATION 3300SQ.M.
SUB LOCATION: KHEL GAON MARG o
COREAREA 1440SQ.M.
DEVELOPER: ANSAL PROPERTIES & INFRASTRUCTURE. o
OFFICIAL 8265.66SQ.M.
TOTAL FLOORS GROUND + 3 FLOORS o
SHOPPING 9495SQ.M.
JASBIR SAWANAY ASSOCIATES o
ARCHITECT
CIRCULATION 1349SQ.M.
14000SQM. OFFICIAL-
SITEAREA

SHOWROOMI 130SQ.M.

SHOWROOMII 80SQ.M.

DEPARTMENTAL 760SQ.M.
STORES(G.F.)

ENTRANCE 102SQ.M.
LOBBIES

FIRECONTROL 14.4SQ.M.
ROOM

RESTAURANT 200SQ.M.

LIFTLOBBIES 20SQ.M.

TOILET 20SQ.M.

BASEMENTAREA 10000SQ.M.

GRID 6MX8M&7M
 29

ANSAL PLAZA IS SITUATED NEAR THE POSH MARKET AREA OF SOUTH EXTENSION IN SOUTH DELHI. AN AMPHITHEATER WITH A
CENTER STAGE ALONG WITH A 45-FEET HIGH ATRIUM FRENCH GLASS CURTAIN WALL THAT FILTERS OUT ULTRAVIOLET AND OTHER
HARMFUL RADIATIONS THIS MALL IS CONSIDERED AN ARCHITECTURAL SPLENDOR. IT HAS EMERGED AS A MAJOR LANDMARK.
THE MALL OFFERS A CLIMATE-CONTROLLED ENVIRONMENT THAT REMOVES THE FATIGUE USUALLY ASSOCIATED WITH SHOPPING,
COMPLETE WITH AN AMPHITHEATER, A SHOPPING COMPLEX, OFFICES, TWIN LEVEL

LAYOUT &PLANNING
THE BASIC PLANNING IS INTROVERT IN NATURE. IT CONSISTS OF TWO HALF (C SHAPE) CIRCULAR BLOCKS CONNECTED BY THE BRIDGE AS FOUR
FLOORSENCLOSINGANAMPHITHEATRE50M.DIAMETER HASBEENCLOSELYLANDSCAPED.THEINNERPERIPHERYOFTHEBLOCKSHASBEENGLAZED
AND ALONG WITH RUNS THE CORRIDOR SO THE SHOPPER ALWAYS GETS THE VIEW TOWARDS THE AMPHITHEATRE. THERE IS A JUTTING BLOCK'
FROM ONE BLOCK AND IT HAS THE BIG DEPARTMENTAL STORE—SHOPPER'SSTOPTHEJUNCTIONOFTHEBLOCKSFORMSTHEENTRYOF THE PLAZA.
SHOPPER'SSTOP HAS GOTITSOWNSEPARATE ANDITISINTERNALLYCONNECTEDTHROUGHTHEENTRANCELOBBYOFTHEPLAZA.
CORRIDORS RUNNING ALONG INNER PERIPHERY GIVE A CONSTANT VIEW OF THE PLAZA THUS FORMED.
THE COMPLEX IS SURROUNDED BY GUEST HOUSE BLOCKS AND APARTMENTS.
ENTRY TO THE SITE IS COMMON. THERE ARE TWO ACCESSES TO THE SITE, ONE SERVES AS THE ENTRY
AND THE OTHERS ACT AS THE EXIST CONNECTED BY THE BRIDGE HAS GOT THE HELICAL RAMP EXIT THE
BRIDGE IS USED
TOTAL AREA OF PARKING IS 9850 SQ.MT.WHICH ALSO INCLUDES THE OTHER SERVICES LIKE A.C. PLANT
GENERATOR ROOMS AND SPACE FOR M.T.N.L. ETC.
SERVICE ENTRY
A SERVICE ROAD IS PROVIDED WHICH RUNS ON THE OUTER PERIPHERY OF THE BUILDING. A RAMP OF THE SLOPE 1:7 HAS BEEN
PROVIDED TO HAVE THE ACCESS UP TO THE SERVICE LIFT TO THE SERVICE ROAD.
(FROM THE BACK) ONE SERVICE LIFT HAS BEEN PROVIDED FOR THE FIRST BUILDING AND ONE FOR THE OTHER BUILDING.
ENTRANCE
THERE IS ITS OWN ENTRY FOR THE BIGGER DEPARTMENTAL STORE AND ADJACENT TO THIS IS THE ENTRY FOR THE MALL,
 30

Ground floor plan first floor plan

WHICH IS NOT CLEARLY DEFINED, AND SOMEWHAT SUBDUED.

THE ENTRY ATRIUM IS DOUBLE HEIGHT AND HAS ESCALATORS WHICH LAND, AT THE FIRST FLOOR CORRIDOR. THEN ONWARD VERTICAL
MOVEMENTBECAUSETHEREAREONLYFOURFLOORSASSTAIRSANDLIFTISPROVIDED. BUT A SHOPPER FINDS ITS.
ACTIVITY STRUCTURE
THE COMPLEX HAS FOUR FLOORS HEIGHT ON GROUND FLOORS AND FIRST FLOOR SHOWROOMS HAVE BEEN PLACED WHILE ON SECOND
AND THIRD FLOOR OFFICES HAVE BEEN PROVIDED.
THE OFFICIAL DOESN'T HAVE THE SEGREGATED ENTRY. SO THERE IS INTERMIXING OF THE OFFICIAL AND SHOPPERS, IT SOME WHAT
CREATE CONFUSION AND THUS A PROBLEM TO THE OFFICIALS IN THE PEAK TIME
CIRCULATION PATTERN
THE CIRCULATION CORRIDORS ARE CURVINGINNATURE SO PROVIDES A GOOD VIEW OF THE FOURTH COMING SHOPS.
 31
WIDTH OF CORRIDORS GROUNDFLOOR 3.6 M.
FIRSTFLOOR 2.5 M.

AREA 8000 SQM. (UNDER RETAIL SHOPPING)

6700 SQM. UNDER OFFICE USE.

SERVICECORE
THE CIRCUMFERENTIAL DISTANCE OF THE CIRCULAR BUILDING IS 125M. SERVICE CORES HAVE BEEN LOCATED AT RECTANGULAR INTERVALS
OF 36M THROUGHOUT THE BUILDING. THERE ARE THREE SERVICE CORES IN WHICH LIFT, TOILETS, TELEPHONE , ELECTRICAL DUCTS HAVE BEEN
PASSED. THE AREAOF ONE SERVICECOREONEFLOORIS72SQ.M.
PARKING
THE BASEMENT EXISTS UNDER THE WHOLE COMPLEX. IT IS RESERVED FOR PARKING AND SERVICES. IT HAS GOT PROVISION FOR 210 CARS
AND 400 TWO WHEELER.

SEMI BASEMENT 55CARS ………………BASEMENT 155 CARS

IT HAS A BRIDGE CONNECTING THE ENTRY AND EXIT SERVICES

 32

AIR CONDITION & PLANTROOM

THE WHOLE PLAZA IS CENTRALLY AIR-CONDITIONED. THE PLANT ROOM IS PLACED CENTRALLY IN THE BASEMENT JUST BELOW THE PLAZA
SO AS TO CATER THE TWO BUILDING EQUALITY. THE TONNAGE OF THE PLAZA IS 900 TONES. 6 CHILLERS HAVE BEEN PLACED ON THE
TERRACEOFTHEBUILDING.EACH CHILLER IS OF 147 TONS CAPACITY
A.H.U.
A.H.U., ARE RUNNING EQUIDISTANT AT 35M, 3 A.H.U.S ARE IN THE BUILDING AND TWO A.H.U.S ARE IN THE SECOND ONE A.H.U.S VOIDS IN THIS
BUILDING,ARECEILINGHANGING.THEYAREADJACENTINTHE UPPER CEILING OF EACH LIFT LOBBY.
FIRE EXITS
IN THE FIRST LOBBY THERE ARE TWO FIRE EXITS AT THE TWO ENDS. THESE ARE LOCATED AT THE DISTANCE OF 50M. PERIPHERAL DISTANCE.
SPRINKLERS
A RESERVOIR OF 45000 IT CAPACITY IS LOCATED AND 5 SPRINKLES PUMPS HAVE BEEN INSTALLED WHICH BEGUN AS SOON AS FIRE IS DETECTED.
THEREAREFEEDEDBYTHEBUCKUPGENERATORSINCASEOF AFIRE.HEAT/SMOKEDETECTORSHAVE BEENINSTALLEDPROPERLY ANDINCORRIDORS
ANDINSHOPSANDINREGULARINTERVALSOF7MINCORRIDORAND 3M IN SHOPS.
FIRE FIGHTING
FIRE FIGHTING PROVISIONS HAVE BEEN PROPERLY MADE IN THE COMPLEX. HOSEPIPES HAVE BEEN PROPERLY INSTALLED AT THE LIFT LOBBY AND
ATTHESTAIRCASES.EXTINGUISHERSINSTALLEDATREGULARINTERVALSTHROUGHOUT THE CORRIDOR.
 33
FIRE CONTROL ROOM
LOCATED AT THE GROUND FLOOR IT IS EQUIPPED WITH THE FIRE PANEL SYSTEM. AS SOON AS THE FIRE BREAKS UP IN ANY PART OF THE
BUILDING, IT IS INDICATED ON THE PANEL AND IT STARTS ITS OPERATIONS BY GIVING WARNING/FIRE ALARM TO THE GENERAL PUBLIC AND
THE FIRE FIGHTING STAFF FOR TAKING THE NECESSARY MEASURES. ELECTRIC SUPPLY IS IMMEDIATELY CUTOFF AND SPRINKLERS START
WORKING.
INFERENCES

THE MALL HAS GOT ONLY RESTAURANT IN ITS FIRST BUILDING, CATERING TO THE WHOLE MALL, AGAIN NO INFORMAL PLACES

VISUAL LINKAGES ARE GOOD THE CURVED SHAPE OF CORRIDOR WAYS GIVES THE PRE INFORMATION OF THE NEXT STOP AND ALSO
REDUCES THE LENGTH OF THE CORRIDOR PSYCHOLOGICALLY. VISUAL LINKAGES BETWEEN THE SUBSEQUENT FLOORS, AGAIN HELPS TO
CREATE A GOOD VISUAL SEQUENCE.
NATURAL LIGHTING TRAPPED THROUGH THE SKYLIGHT ALSO EXPOSES THE TRUE COLORS OF THE SIGNBOARDS AND BANNERS.
SERVICE HAS BEEN PROPERLY PLACED IN THE BASEMENT, PROPERLY CONNECTED THROUGH THE STAIRS AND LIFT.
DUE TO RADIAL GRID, ALL NUMBER OF SHOPS IS RECTANGULAR. IN THE BASEMENT DUE TO RADIAL GRID, EFFICIENT CAR PARKING IS NOT
POSSIBLE.
CONNECTING BRIDGE IS NONE AIR-CONDITIONED; TO TRANSITING FROM ONE BLOCK TO OTHER YOU HAVE TO CROSS THROW A NON AIR
CONDITIONED BRIDGE WHICH IS GOING FROM AIR-CONDITION TO NON AIR-CONDITIONED THEN AIR- CONDITIONED, IS NOT A
GOOD IDEA.
CIRCULATION
FROM MAIN ROAD TO COMPLEX THERE IS ONE ENTRY AND ONE EXITS ARE PROVIDED, VEHICULAR ENTERED FROM THE ENTRY AND
PARKING IS PROVIDE AT SURFACE AS WELL IN THE BASEMENTS, ONE WAY TRAFFIC FLOW IS USED FOR EASY AND SMOOTH DRIVING AS
WELL TO HAVE CONTROL ON THE TRAFFIC MOVEMENTS.
FOR PEDESTRIAN VERTICAL MOVEMENT- LIFTS, ESCALATORS AND STAIRCASES ARE PROVIDED.
ONE OF THE GOOD FEATURES OF THIS COMPLEX IS THE DESCENDED BALCONIES. THE COMPLEX IS FULLY AIR-CONDITIONED. SKY LIGHTS ARE PROVID
ATTHETOP.
 34
ESCALATORS ARE PROVIDED ON THE RIGHT SIDE BUILDING, BUT SERVICE CORE OF ONE STAIR WITH ONE LIFT IS PROVIDED IN THE BOTH BUILDINGBLOC
ONE MAIN ATTRACTION OF THE ANSAL PLAZA IS THE POLLUTION CONTROL TOWER WHICH IS ATTACHED TO THE GENERATOR ROOM BASEMENT WHIC
COLLECTS FUMES FROM THERE AND EXHAUST FROM VEHICLES AND PURIFY THEM BEFORE RELEASING TO THE ATMOSPHERE WHICH IS APPROX 30 MT-
MT HIGH, THIS IS THE MOST PROMINENT FEATURE OF THE MALL.
IN PLANNING, MALL AREAIS TOTALLY UN-DISTURBED FROM ANY TRAFFIC.

AESTHETICS

IT'S VISUAL CHARACTERISTIC LIKE ITS PHYSICAL FORM -GEOMETRY, SHAPE, FACADE, ROOF SHADE, ITS FEATURES, COLORS, TEXTURES, DECORATION,
ORNAMENTATION,ANDITSVIEWINGCONDITION,THEDISTANCEANDTHEANGLEFROMWHICHIT’SVIEWED.
ITHASAWELLTREATEDEXTERNALFACADEOFREDBRICIKWITHSOMEBLUECOLORTILESATTOPLEVEL.
• ITHASAGOODCOMBINATIONOFGLASSWITHSOLID.
• ALLMODERNMATERIALSAREUSEDINTHEANSALPLAZA.
• AVERYGOODEFFORTWASMADETOWARDSTHELANDSCAPE.
 35
SUPER BUS TERMINAL, JALANDHAR,

BACKGROUND

CLIENT PUNJABSTATEBUSSTANDMANAGEMENTCOMPANYLIMITED

ARCHITECT SWINDERSAWHEEYASSOCIATES

COMPLETEIN 2007

SITEAREA 12.51ACRES

BUILT-UPAREA 18000SQM

SITE LOCATION
THE TERMINAL IS LOCATED IN THE HEART OF THE CITY. IT IS SURROUNDED BY ROADS ON 3 SIDES. IT IS ABOUT 8 KMS. FROM THE RAILWAY
STATION. THE LONG ROUTE BUSES ENTER THE TERMINAL THROUGH THE ROAD PERPENDICULAR TO THE GARHA ROAD. THE SHORT
ROUTE BUSES ENTER THROUGH G.T. ROAD.
TERMINAL CATERS TO A DAILY BUS SCHEDULE OF 3,000 BUSES AND 1,00,000 FOOTFALLS PER DAY. MOST CONSUMERS OF THE SERVICES
ARE FROM THE LOWER OR MIDDLE-LEVEL INCOME GROUPS. THE EXISTING TERMINAL HAS BEEN RE-DESIGNED AND THE NEW DESIGN
ADDRESSES
AN ATTEMPT WAS MADE TO TRANSFORM THE EXISTING SITUATION OF CHAOS, HAPHAZARD CIRCULATION AND THE NON-EXISTENT
ESTATE SERVICES INTO A PROGRESSIVE, DYNAMIC AND FUTURISTIC DESIGN WHICH WOULD ADAPT ITSELF TO THE CHANGING NEEDS
OF SOCIETY.
 36

THE PROPOSED NEW TERMINAL PLAN WAS INTEGRATED WITH THE EXISTING TERMINAL BUILDING BOTH FUNCTIONALLY AND
AESTHETICALLY. THE PLAN EVOLVED HAS SEPARATED BOTH LONG AND SHORT ROUTE BUS TRAFFIC AND CONVERTED THE TERMINAL
INTO AN ACTIVE URBAN STREET.
TWO BUS DEPARTURE BAYS NAMELY, STEPPED PARALLEL AND RADIAL SAW TOOTH HAVE BEEN DESIGNED KEEPING FUNCTION IN MIND.
THE PLAN DEFINES SPECIFIC DOMAINS FOR THE PASSENGER AND THE BUS MOVEMENTS WITH CONVENIENT INTERCHANGES. IT
ENCOURAGES SHORT LINES OF FLOW AND MINIMIZES WALKING DISTANCE TO THE TERMINAL BUILDING.
THE RADIAL SAW TOOTH PATTERN OF THE DEPARTURE BAYS ADDS A UNIQUE GEOMETRY TO THE PLAN. THE WING SHAPED ROOF
INCREASES THE NATURAL LIGHTING BY ACTING AS LIGHT SHAFTS AND REDUCES POLLUTION IN THE TERMINAL BUILDING BY SUCKING
OUT VEHICULAR POLLUTION THROUGH VENTS LOCATED AT THE UPPER LEVELS.
 37

DESIGN PRINCIPLES

THE NEW DESIGN ADDRESSES THREE SIGNIFICANT COMPONENTS OF TERMINAL

BUSES AND THEIR UNOBSTRUCTED MOVEMENT, PEDESTRIAN CIRCULATION AND THEIR SAFETY AND PASSENGER VEHICLES AND THEIR
MOVEMENT.
THE PLAN EVOLVED HAS SEGREGATED THE TRAFFIC MOVEMENT AND CONVERTED THE TERMINAL INTO AN ACTIVE URBAN STREET.
APPROACHTOSITE
SHORT ROUTE BUSES HAVE BEEN SEGREGATED FROM THE LONG ROUTE BUSES BY HAVING A SEPARATE ENTRY AND EXITS.
IDLE PARKING TOR THE LONG AND SHORT ROUTE BUSES HAVE BEEN PROVIDED IN SUCH AWAY SO AS TO NOT DISTURB THE MOVEMENT
OF BUS ENTERING OR LEAVING THE TERMINAL
A SEPARATE PASSENGER ENTRY AND EXIT IS PROVIDED.
THIS PASSENGER ENTRY AND EXIT IS ALSO USED BY OTHER VEHICLES FOR APPROACHING THEIR INDIVIDUAL PARKING.
A SEPARATE ENTRY AND EXIT FOR LONG ROUTE BUSES HAS BEEN PROVIDED SEGREGATING IT FROM PEDESTRIAN.
SINCE THE ARRIVAL BLOCK LIES IN THE CENTRE OF BOTH THE DEPARTURE OF LONG AND SHORT ROUTE BUSES, HENCE IT BECOMES
CONVENIENT TO THE PASSENGERS TO TRAVEL TO THE ARRIVAL BLOCK IS CENTRALLY LOCATED WHICH IS EASILY ACCESSIBLE FROM THE
MAIN PASSENGER ENTRANCE FROM TWO OF ITS SIDES.
THE DEPARTURE OF SHORT ROUTE BUSES HAS BEEN PROPERLY SEGREGATED FROM THE LONG ROUTE BUSES BY LOCATING THEM AT
OPPOSITE SIDES OF THE ARRIVAL BLOCK
PARKING IS LOCATED AT AN APPROPRIATE DISTANCE FROM THE OTHER MAIN BLOCKS SO THAT PASSENGERS USING THE TERMINAL
DO NOT HAVE TO TRAVEL A LARGE DISTANCE TO ARRIVE THE BLOCKS.

THE PLAN ENCOURAGES SHORT LINES OF FLOW AND WALKING DISTANCE TO THE TERMINAL BUILDING HAS BEEN MINIMIZED.
38
39
STANDARDS, AREA & REQUIREMENTS

Standards
Area analysis
Requirements
Area calculation
 40
STANDARDS
41
 42
AREA ANALYSIS
BUS TERMINAL

S REQUIREMENTS CASESTUDY CASESTUDY STANDARDS REQ.ARE REMARK(PEAKHOUR

NO KASHMERE SEC17 LITSTUDY A PASSANGER)
GATEDELHI CHANDIGAR SUPERBUS
H TERMINAL
JALANDHAR

@PERUNITAREA

1. ENTRANCELOUNGE 1.5SQ.M. 1875 25%OFTHEPEAK

HOURPASS.(5000)

A. ENQUIRY 1@20 1@15 1@30 1.5SQ.M 25SQ.M 5ATTENDANT

B. TOURISTINFORMATION 1@20 1@20 1@20 6SQ.M 30SQ.M 5ATTENDANT

C. TICKETBOOTH 5SQ.M ASPERNO.OFBAY

D. BOOKSTALL 10SQ.M 20SQ.M 2NO.

E. PUBLICTELE 2@7 6@7 6@18 70SQ.M 70SQ.M 10BOOTH

F. TOILET 2SQ.M./WC
&5SQ.M./WB W/C-1/250FOR
&URINAL MALE,1/100FOR
FEMALE,URINAL-1/50,
WB-1/200MALE
FEMALE

2. WAITINGHALL 1@50 1@20 2SQ.M. 750SQ.M. 15%OFPEAKHR.

PASSIN½HOUR
CYCLE
 43

A. KIOSK 10SQ.M. 60SQ.M. 6NOS.

B. TOILET 6@18 SAME M-23SQ.M. 30%OFTHELOADING

F-12SQ.M. BAYCAPACITY

C. DRINKING WATER 4NOS.

3. DEPARTUTRE LOUNGE 2SQ.M.

A. ENQUIRY 1@20 1@15 1@30 5SQ.M. 2ATTENDANT

B. KIOSK 12@7.5 18@9 9@12 10SQ.M.

C. DRINKING WATER 12@5 5@5 7@3 3SQ.M.

D. TICKETBOOTH 10@5 15@5 15@5 5SQ.M.

E. TOILET 10@18 8@18 6@18 2SQ.M./WC&1.

5SQ.M./WB
&URINAL

4. ARRIVAL LOUNGE

A. KIOSK 6@7.5 12@9 6@12 2STALLEACH

B. DRINKING WATER 4@5 2@5 2@5

C. TELE. BOOTH 5@7 9@7

D. TOILET 4@18

E. TOURIST INFOM. 1@20 1@20

5. ANNOUN. &REPORTING 1@25 1@25 30SQ.M. 1NOS.

6. BUS CREW STAFF 625SQ.M.

A. CAFETARIA 160SQ.M. 160SQ.M.

 44

B. DORMITORIES 420SQ.M. 420SQ.M.

LOCKER 45SQ.M. 45SQ.M.

7. COMMUTER FACILITES

A. BARBER SHOP 30SQ.M. 30SQ.M.

B. DORMITORY 2@50 1@30 1@30 128SQ.M. 4@32FOR10BED

CHEMIST 1@9 1@15 30SQ.M. 30SQ.M. 1NO.

DISPENSARY 1@30 1@25 50SQ.M. 50SQ.M. 1NO.

RESTAURANT 1@75 FOR 30 1.2 / PERSON 300SQ.M. 1NO.

8. MISCELLANEOUS 690SQ.M. 1NO.

A BANK 2@15 1@15 150 SQ.M 150SQ.M 1NO.

B POST &TELEGRAPH 1@15 1@20 80SQ.M 1NO.

C POLICE POST 1@25 1@30 1@25 150 SQ.M 150SQ.M 1NO.

D PUMP ROOM 1@80 1@100 150SQ.M 2NO.

E AIR BOOKING COUNTER 80SQ.M 1NO.

F RAIL BOOKING 1@25 1@100 180SQ.M 1NO.

COUNTER
9. OFFICE

A MANAGER „S ROOM 1@15 1@20 1@25 1@25 25SQ.M. 1NO.

B IN – CHARGE ROOM 1@15 1@20 1@15 1@15 20SQ.M. 1NO.

C ACCOUNTS OFFICE 1@25 1@25 1@30 1@30 30SQ.M. 1NO.

D ADMINSTRATIVE OFFICE 1@25 1@25 1@30 1@30 30SQ.M. 1NO.

 45
REQUIREMENT

THE MAIN PROJECT COMPONENTS TO BE DEVELOPED AT THE PROJECT SITE ARE:

BUS TERMINAL AND RELATED PASSENGER FACILITIES.
COMMERCIAL COMPLEX / TOWER
SUB-WAY
HELIPAD

ACTIVITIES AND FACILITIES OF THE COMMERCIAL COMPLEX

OFFICE SPACE, SHOPPING MALL, FOOD COURTS, RESTAURANTS, HYPERMARKET, RETAIL SHOWROOMS, BANKS AND ATM OTHER
ACTIVITIES

ACTIVITIES AND FACILITIES (COMPONENTS) OF THE BUS TERMINAL

PASSENGER CONCOURSE, TICKET COUNTER, WASHROOM, INFORMATION DESK, FACILITIES OF HANDICAPPED, CLOCK ROOM, BUS
CIRCULATION AREA, BUS BAY, PARKING FACILITIES, CONTROL ROOM, HIGH-TEC SECURITY SYSTEM , DRINKING WATER, FIREFIGHTING
SYSTEM, POWER BACKUP. TOURISM, ROADWAYS, RAILWAYS, POLICE POST, REFRESHMENTS, TELEPHONE BOOTHS, BOOK SHOPS, ETC.
RESTAURANTS & FOOD COURT, LODGE & DORMITORIES, WAITING ROOM, REST ROOMS, BANK, ETC.
BUS TERMINAL „ENVISION‟

AUTOMATIC ‘SCHEDULE DISPLAY’ SYSTEM ALONG WITH PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEM SAFETY PARAMETERS NO PASSENGER-VEHICLE
CONFLICT SEGREGATION OF PVT. VEHICLES & BUSES ‘DRIVE-WAY CONCEPT‟
DESIGN PARAMETER FOR BUS TERMINAL

FOR INTERSTATE BUS AVERAGE STOPPAGE TIME IS 12 MINUTES EMBARKATION PLATFORM AND 6 MIN TO DISEMBARKATION PLATFORM
& FOR LOCAL STOPPAGE TIME 5- 10 MIN-MAX.

FUNCTIONAL & GEOMETRIC DESIGN PARAMETER FOR BUS TERMINAL

BUS - 2.46 X 10.91 X 3.2 (VOLVO)
BUS BAY- SAW, RADIAL, STRAIGHT,
 46

AREA CALCULATION
THE INTERSTATE BUS TERMINUS IS TO BE DESIGNED TO HANDLE 1938 TRIPS ~ 2000 TRIPS PER DAY
PEAK HOUR FLOW IS EQUAL TO 10 % OF TOTAL DAILY FLOW.
INCOMING BUSES (AT UNLOADING BAYS) = 50% OF TOTAL BUSES = 1000 NOS
INCOMING BUSES (AT LOADING BAYS) = 50% OF TOTAL BUSES = 1000 NOS
OCCUPANCY IN PEAK HOUR = 50 PASSANGER/ BUS
TOTAL PASSANGER TO BE HANDLED BY TERMINAL = 50 X 2000 = 1,00,000
NO. OF BAYS FOR LOADING AND UNLOADING HAVE BEEN CALCULATED AS
=TOTAL NO OF BUSES IN PEAK HOUR / BAY CAPACITY IN 1 HOUR.
LOADING - EFFICIENT LOADING OPERATIONAL TIME FOR AN INTERSTATE BUS = 12 MINUTES.
BAYS CAPACITY IN PEAK HOUR = 60MIN/12MIN= 5 NOS
UNLOADING - EFFICIENT UNLOADING OPERATIONAL TIME = ½ OF LOADING OPERATION =6 MIN
BAYS CAPACITY IN PEAK HOUR = 60MIN/6MIN= 10 NOS

BUSBAYS PERCENTAGE NOOF OCCUPANC NOOF PEAKHOUR PEAKHOUR NOOFBAYS

BUSES Y PASSANGE LOAD(BUS) LOAD
/BUS R (PASSANGER)

LOADING 50% 1000 50 50,000 100 5000 100/5=20

BAYS

UNLOADIN 50% 1000 50 50,000 100 5000 100/10=10

GBAYS

AREA OF BUS NO. OF BAYS AREA/BAY (SQ.MT.) TOTAL AREA ADDING 50 %

(SQ.MT.) CIRCULATION SPACE
 47

LOADING 20 76 2150 3225

UNLOADING 10 104 1040 1560

IDLEPARKING 40 66 2640 3960

AUTORICKSAW 100 5 500 750

TAXI 50 16 800 1200

HIRED
MODES

PRIVATE CAR 50 25 1250 1875

MODES TWOWHEELERS 100 4 400 600

AREA REQUIREMENT
BUS TERMINAL FOOT FALL PROJECTED 50,000 – 60,000
POTENTIAL BUS TRIPS / DAY -1938 ~ 2000
BUS TERMINAL AREA = 20% OF TOTAL BUILDING AREA =17063 SQMT
COMMERCIAL COMPLEX = 80% OF TOTAL BUILDING AREA =68254 SQMT
OFFICE SPACE 60% 40953 SQMT
SHOPPING 40% 27301 SQMT
SKETCH DESIGN

Traffic flow analysis

Flow chart
Concept
Zoning
Sketches
Working models
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
DRAWINGS & DETAILS

Floor plans
Elevations
Sections
3 – D views
Details
Electives
Fire fighting
Working drawing
56
57
58
BIBLIOGRAPHY

 Architecture + design July 2004 & June 06

 CBRE_final_report_mohali_bus_terminal_project

 Redevelopment of ISBT at Sarai kale khan (DIMTS)

 Master plan of Mohali BY GMADA

 Traffic Engineering and Transportation Planning - L.R. Kadiyali

 Master architect series –II Norman foster

 High rise building by V. K. Jain

 NBC of India 2005

 Neufert Architects' Data

 Time Saver Standards
 www.google.com/earth/
 www.scribd .com
 www.4shared.com
REFERENCE BUILDINGS

 HSBC HEADQUARTER HONGKONG

 PROPOSED ISBT AT DWARIKA
 30_ST_MARY_AXE, LONDON
 METRO BHAVAN AT DELHI
 COMMERZ BANK HEADQUARTER, FRANKFURT
 MADRID BARAJAS AIRPORT, SPAIN
 GEORGES POMPIDOU CENTRE, FRANCE
 REDEVELOPMENT OF ISBT ANAND VIHAR, DELHI
 LONDON‟S THIRD AIRPORT, STANDSTED
 KASHMERE GATE METRO, AT DELHI
 WORLD TRADE CENTRE, NEWYORK, FOSTER, ROGER & MAKI