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2017-18
EDUCATIONAL WAVE PAKISTAN
Email: educationalwavepakistan@gmail.com
CONTENTS
S.NO DESCRIPTION PAGE NO
1 Title Page 1
2 Contents 2-3
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ENGLISH SERIES INTER PART 1
Translated by
9 The Foolish Quack (Folk Tale)
Charles Swynnerton
O. Henry
12 The Gift of Magi
(William Sydney Porter)
15 The Angel & the Author – and Others Jerome Klapka Jerome
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automatically receive $50,000 and he had to pay her nothing. He also knew that she loved money
more than her husband.
viii: Did Norma remain normal on hearing the news of the accident of her husband?
A: In my point of view, Norma did no remain normal on hearing the news of the accident of her husband
because when in the evening she came back from the work, she did not expect to receive such a bad
news. Suddenly when she came to know about death of her husband she hung up the receiver
abruptly, her head was shaking but she could not stop. Moreover, she struggled to her feet and
walked into the kitchen numbly. She could not seem to breathe. She removed a button unit from the
dustbin and started to pound it harder and harder on the sink edge. Her fingers had injured but she
did not feel pain which was dominated by the pain of her husband’s death.
4. ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS IN 50-100 WORDS.
i: Write a note on the character of Arthur.
A: Arthur was a gentleman. He was not selfish and greedy as her wife. He was intelligent, honest and a
trustworthy man who realized the feelings of others. In leisure time, he mostly spent his time in
reading books in the living room. He respected the moral values and disagreed with immorality. He
believed that life is precious to everyone and to kill someone for the sake of getting some amount of
money is immoral act. He supported goodness and honesty. Moreover, his wife was thinking to kill
someone but he continuously tried to convince Norma. He remained polite, and his tone had not
been offensive with her. It showed that he was also a peaceful man.
ii: Why didn’t Norma remain true to her husband?
A: Norma was a greedy and selfish woman. Wealth was her weak point. So, when she got the chance to
get some money, she did not control herself. It is very good that you want to achieve something very
good in your life but when you choose an illegal way; it is against the moral values as the Norma did.
She became ready to kill someone for the sake of money but there was a point that she wanted to
achieve $50,000 only for her and her husband, not only for her. She wanted to improve their life-style
by getting nicer furniture, apartment, clothes and a car. She also wanted to have a high social status
and went along with her husband on the trip to Europe and brought a cottage on the island.
Therefore, she did not remain true to her husband.
iii: Do you agree with Norma’s assertion that the death of someone you have never seen is not
important?
A: No, I disagree with her assertion that the death of someone you have never seen is not important
because in my point of view, it is the death of mankind. Nothing matters who you kill. He may be a
Chinese peasant, Congo’s patient, a small baby boy or a little girl. But it is a murder. For such an
immoral act God never forgives because life is precious to everyone and to kill someone for the sake
of money is a death of mankind. You can get money by different ways but in case of life you can do
nothing. As your life is valuable to your dear ones, in the same way the person who dies is valuable for
his dear ones. So, in our span of life we should never kill the mankind.
v: What moral lesson does the story teach?
A: The moral lesson that the story teaches us is that if we do bad with someone than we also get bad as
a reward, and in greed of getting more and more we lose all. So we should respect others feelings,
emotions and social values. No matters whether we know them or not. They were also human beings
and God has gifted them with a life which offers no exchange. It is good that we want to achieve
something good but with unfair means, it is illegal. We should not try to grow rich at the cost of
other’s lives. We should remember that the same band falls in our necks with which we try to trap
others as it happened with the lady who wanted to achieve $50,000 by killing an unknown person. But
who knew that her husband would be an unknown person. 6
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Martian air night draw their soul from them, as marrow comes out of a white bone. They could feel
submerged in a chemical that could dissolve their intellect and burn away their past.
4. ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS IN 50-100 WORDS.
i: What circumstances did the Bittering family face?
A: Bittering family faced unexpected, hard, unpleasant and unfavourable conditions and circumstances
on Mars. Martian virus changed their Earth identities to Mars, dissolved their intellect and burned
away their past. Moreover, their physical appearance became very odd, strange and unpleasant. Their
houses were totally changed into dead cities where only memories could recall you. The atmosphere
of Mars was very unpleasant for the people of Earth. Such severe conditions, lack of Earth food were
also faced by them.
ii: How social were the people of Mars?
A: The people of Mars tried to mix up only among themselves. Bittering requested them to work with
him in the metal shop. But they idled away and some of them only watched. Most of them ridiculed
him.
iii: How did the life change finally? Was this better or worse?
A: The life of the people of Earth on Mars was completely changed. Their Earth identities were flaked
away. Their intellect was dissolved and past was burnt. Moreover, their memories were lost, feelings
were changed, emotions and sentiments were replaced with new one. Their way of living i.e. their
houses and food was meant from the planet, Mars. Their physical appearance was changed as they
became dark, golden eyed, tall, healthy, young and smart. In my point of view it was a worse change
because they had then no sense to work, to converse with others and they were living as aimless life.
They had no concern or association with the past.
v: What differences can you point out in the lifestyle of the people of two different planets?
A: There were many differences between lifestyle of the people of Earth and Mars. The physical
appearance of people on Earth is quite natural, good, clean and decent whereas on Mars they were
dark, golden-eyed, young, tall, healthy, and also ugly such as aliens. Moreover, their way of talking,
explaining, working is different. As on Earth, people are very social and work hard but on Mars they
are social to themselves only and spend their time in idle sitting. The people on Earth are intelligent,
ambitious, associated with past and have identities. But on Mars everything is reversed. A planet
whose birth takes place with idle people will have unsocial, unmotivated and careless generations in
the future.
Earth Mars
The Earth houses are populous, congested and full of life. The Martian houses are deserted, empty and quiet.
The Earth people are sociable and cultured. The Martian people are not sociable and cultured.
The Earth people try to dominate each other. The Martians are friendly and peaceful.
The Earth people try to compete and beat others. The Martians do not have any such desire.
The Earth people build beautiful houses. The Martians build odd and ridiculous houses.
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viii: What were the feelings of Gorgios on the occasion?
A: The feelings of Gorgios on the occasion were not of pride and elation. He had slightly sad expression
on his face. He was not young enough to perform different tricks. But, he was satisfied with his
achievement. He was little bit worried and had spent more than sixty years in which he struggled to
become an acrobat. His ambition of life was achieved but not in the way he wanted to.
ix: Did Gorgios use any short cut to achieve his ambition?
and
x: How long had Gorgios to stick to get his ambition achieved?
A: No, he did not use any shortcut to achieve his life’s ambition. Gorgios was a good athlete of his age.
He hit on a wild idea of becoming an acrobat. He was sixteen when he fixed his ambition. He entered
into politics and made speeches on various topics. He worked for it and stuck to it long enough, and
remained determined in his mission. He ultimately succeeded in achieving his ambition in more than
sixty years without using any shortcut or becoming frustrated. A person who remains determined and
keeps on his struggle wins his ambition. He was a man of strong will-power. At last, he wore down the
opposing arguments and did achieve his mission by means of his strong determination and will
power.
4. ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS IN 50-100 WORDS.
i: Discuss the political views of Jorkens.
A: Jorkens were of the viewpoint that determination had more core value than opportunity in getting
success in life. According to him, politics was not a good profession because in this everyone both the
public and government could be exploited to achieve ones ambition. Although there was great
opposition yet determination could defeat it. It was an open field in which everyone could jump and
could get his aim realized.
ii: How did Gorgios achieve his ambition?
A: Gorgios had hit on a wild idea of becoming a Court Acrobat at the age of sixteen. He had joined
politics and made speeches on various topics. He stuck to his idea of becoming Court Acrobat and
persuaded his people to make his country as he told the people that glory of their country and
ancient throne would be increased if the post of acrobat were created. He would also exhibit his
physical fitness and strength to the soldiers and finally enable them to win the just rights of the nation
in victorious battle against their accursed neighbours. He ultimately succeeded in achieving his
ambition in more than sixty years without using any shortcut or becoming frustrated.
iii: Do you agree or disagree with the viewpoint of the writer? Give five reasons.
A: I agreed with the viewpoint of the writer that determination is more important than opportunity for
getting success in life because;
(a) Life is like a race and one who keeps on wins the race.
(b) If we get opportunity when we are not determined than we will fail to perform our duties well.
(c) It does not matter whether you get opportunity or not in your life but determination and will
power will make the person more honourable in the society and his own eyes.
(d) Opportunity demands a lot of other things whereas determination only needs hard work and
struggle.
(e) Determination makes our work and struggle more honourable as opportunity may not do such.
iv: Why were the brilliant dresses put in the shade at the inauguration?
A: The brilliant dresses were put in the shade at the inauguration because the uniform of Gorgios was so
graceful, beautiful and shiny that everything automatically put in the shade. It makes the scene
beautiful and glorified. ___________________________________________________________________________________
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v: What is the lesson that the story teaches?
A: The story teaches the lesson that life is like a race and one who keeps on wins the race. It means we
should be hard working and sincere to our aim. We should have determination, devotion and
dedication for our work and avail the opportunities in right way. Moreover, God helps those who help
themselves. A person, who remains determined, does not take shortcuts and keeps on his struggle,
wins his ambition.
9. READ THE PASSAGE AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS GIVEN AT THE END.
a: Who joined the politics?
A: Gorgios joined the politics and made speeches on various topics in order to achieve his ambition.
b: How can the glory of the country be increased?
A: Same as answer of QUESTION 3 PART iv.
c: How was the post of a Court Acrobat created?
A: Same as answer of QUESTION 4 PART ii.
A: The sick girl was rude and non-cooperative and resisted every attempt of the doctor to examine her
throat. She even clawed his eyes, jumped up, and threw his glasses on the kitchen floor. At this, the
doctor threatened the girl that if she did not cooperate, they would take her to the hospital and use
force to make her mouth open. He also threatened that she would die of diphtheria if her throat
remained uncheck. However, there was no change in girl’s expression.
ix: Why did she break the wooden blade?
A: She broke the wooden blade because she was a stubborn by nature. She did not want to let the
doctor open her mouth, examine her throat and reveal her secret. Moreover, the doctor was forcefully
opening her mouth with a wooden blade. She was afraid that it might hurt her throat. She was in a
mood not to be disturbed in her pain and trouble.
x: What was the condition of the tonsils of the sick girl?
A: Both the tonsils of the sick girl were covered with a thin layer of membrane. She had diphtheria. She
had an extremely painful and red throat. She was suffering from breathing trouble and high fever. She
had been facing that trouble for a few days. She needed immediate treatment.
4. ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS IN 50-100 WORDS.
i: How did the child look by appearance?
A: The name of child was Mathilda Olson. She was fairly eating the doctor up with her cold, steady eyes
and had no expression on her face. She did not move and seemed inwardly quiet. She was an
unusually attractive thing and was looking as strong as a heifer. Her face was red. She was fully
dressed and sitting on her father’s lap. She had magnificent blonde hairs in profusion. She was one of
the those picture children often reproduced in advertising leaflets and the photogravure sections of
the Sunday papers.
ii: Why did the parents keep the sick child in the kitchen?
A: The parents were over-anxious about her daughter, Mathilda. Their child was running high
temperature and might be feeling cold. Moreover, sometimes it was very damp there. Therefore, the
parents kept the child in the kitchen.
iii: How did the doctor succeed in examining her throat?
A: Firstly, the doctor showed appreciation and kindness towards her and asked her to open her mouth
for examining but she did not respond to his instructions and constantly looking at his face. The
doctor then grasped her head with his left hand and pushed the wooden blade behind the last teeth
and the mouth opened. But she pressed the blade and broke it into pieces. Then he got a silver spoon
and forced it down her throat until her mouth was wide open. In this way, the doctor succeeded in
examining her throat. Both the tonsils of the sick girl were covered with a thin layer of membrane. She
had diphtheria. She had an extremely painful and red throat. She was suffering from breathing trouble
and high fever. She had been facing that trouble for a few days. She needed immediate treatment.
iv: Describe the feelings of the doctor in his struggle to diagnose the disease.
A: In the beginning, the doctor was very kind, sympathetic, lenient and friendly. He tried to coax the
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child. Then he became furious when the girl did not respond. Although he was still kind, yet he had
taken a severe attitude. He examined her only taking a harsh attitude but he never hated her.
Moreover, at last he wanted to tear the child apart in his own fury and enjoy it. It was a pleasure for
him to attack her. His face was burning because of this.
vi: Under what circumstances can the use of force be justified?
A: The use of force, in certain conditions, when sick children resist to get themselves examined, becomes
necessary to save their lives. Otherwise, there is every likelihood of the danger of their death for not
being medically treated. When love and kindness fail, the use of force is justified. It should be used
against crime, injustice, cruelty and other evils of society.
10. READ THE PASSAGE AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS GIVEN AT THE END.
i: Why did the doctor become furious?
A: Same as answer of QUESTION 4 PART iv.
ii: What instrument did the doctor use to open her mouth?
A: The doctor used wooden tongue depressor or wooden spatula to open her mouth
iii: Why did she grip the wooden blade between her molars?
A: Same as answer of QUESTION 3 PART ix.
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at any cost and provide justice to both the parties. He should decide in favour of the truthful party
and not be afraid of anyone other than Allah Almighty.
v: Why did the king weep?
and
vi: How did the king recover?
A: The king was ashamed of his selfish attitude of getting the boy killed for his personal health. He was
doing injustice. The king thought that he would recover his health only through boy’s slaying and the
boy saw no other refuge besides Allah Almighty. To whom he would complain against king’s brutality,
if he were to seek justice from his hand. On hearing these words, the king felt disturbed, could not
control his tears, and said that it was better for him to die than to shed the blood of an innocent boy.
He kissed boy’s head and the eyes and presented him with a lot of wealth. It was said that the king
recovered within a week.
4. ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS IN 50-100 WORDS.
ii: What should be the role of a king?
A: The morals and virtues of the kings affect their people a lot. The more unjust the king is, the more
troubled his country will be. The prosperity of the people depends upon the virtues of the ruler. The
king should always be sincere and do justice to everyone. He should be God-fearing, kind, just,
compassionate, sympathetic and sacrificing.
iii: Can an unjust king flourish?
and
iv: What moral lesson do you get from the second tale?
A: No, an unjust king cannot be flourished because a tyrant does not remain in the world, but the curse
on him abides forever. In addition, the morals and virtues of the kings affect their people a lot. The
more unjust the king is, the more troubled his country will be. The prosperity of the people depends
upon the virtues of the ruler. Moreover, injustice not only affects a person physically but also mentally
and spiritually.
9. READ THE PASSAGE AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS GIVEN AT THE END.
1: What was the cure suggested by the physicians for the ailment of the king?
A: Same as answer of QUESTION 3 PART ii.
2: How did the king get the consent of the parents of the boy?
A: The king summoned the father and mother of the boy, whose consent he got by giving them a huge
amount of wealth.
3: Why did the Qazi issue a decree to shed the blood of a boy?
A: Same as answer of QUESTION 3 PART iii.
4: Why did the boy look toward the sky?
A: Same as answer of QUESTION 3 PART iii.
A: Uninfluenced by the severity of his punishment, the quack mounted his camel, went on to the next
village, and again gave himself out as a great doctor who cure goiter. An old man offered himself for
treatment. However, the foolish quack said that he would do his best to cure but he would not be
compelled to dig the man’s grave in case of the death of old man.
ix: Why didn’t the villagers let the old man get cured?
A: Before starting the cure, the foolish quack said that he would do his best to cure but he would not be
compelled to dig the man’s grave in case of the death of old man. This was a strange statement. The
villagers thought that he was not a doctor; he thought that he was a quack because he was talking of
digging the grave of the patient before treating him. Therefore, they did not allow the quack to cure
the old man.
x: Why did he keep claiming his innocence before his death?
A: The quack thought that the camel-men had not shown him the right way to cure goiter because he
killed a woman and other villagers refused to let him cure the old man. He wanted to consult them on
the issue of human treatment. He came back to the camel-men to know the exact and correct method
of curing goiter, and to blame them.
4. ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS IN 50-100 WORDS.
i: Was it necessary for Hubert to continue pleading his innocence?
A: Once some camel-men stayed to rest under a clump of trees and loosened their camels to graze. One
of the camels entered the melon fields and hard melon stuck in his throat and he was about to die.
The camel-men, seeing this and fearing to lose the animal, tied a blanket around his neck and struck
the place with a mallet. Instantly, the melon broke and it was then easily swallowed. In this way, the
camel-men cured the camel.
ii: How did the quack try to cure the old woman?
A: Same as answer of QUESTION 3 PART iv, v. 20
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iii: How did the quack come to realize his error?
and
iv: How did the camel-man prove the stupidity of the quack?
A: The camel-man lifted a heavy stick, bond with iron rings, and struck a camel which was feeding off the
leaves of a wild plum tree, the stolid creature scarcely feeling the blow, merely moved a step or two
forward. Then he struck man with a similar blow, which felled him to the earth like a log. When his
coconsciousness returned, the camel-man said him that the treatment, which proved to be good for
camels, would not be good for old men and women. Now the quack came to realize his error and the
camel-man proved his stupidity.
v: What lesson does the story teach?
A: The story teaches us that the little knowledge is not a good thing and we should not pretend to be
what we are not. Moreover, what is good for camels is not good for old men and women.
8. READ THE PASSAGE AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS GIVEN AT THE END.
i: Who addressed the newcomer?
A: One of the camel-men addressed the newcomer.
ii: With what did he strike the camel and what was the effect of it?
and
iii: What was the effect of the same act on the man?
A: Same as answer of QUESTION 4 PART iii, iv.
A: The Negroes gathered there from the state of Mississippi, Alabama, South Caroline, Georgia,
Louisiana and the Northern cities where they were living in slums and ghettos. They were gathered to
get freedom and equality with the white.
x: What is the effect of the repetition of words?
A: The repetition of words makes the thing glorified and honouring by emphasizing its significance and
importance. Moreover, it gives a musical touch to our speech and lays stress on a certain main idea
and created power and strength in the messages. It makes easy to memorize it.
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4. ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS IN 50-100 WORDS.
i: What was the condition of the Negroes in his days?
A: Same as answer of QUESTION 3 PART i and v.
9. READ THE PASSAGE AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS GIVEN AT THE END.
a: What is a faith with which he returns to the South?
A: The faith with which he returned to the South was one day every valley shall be exalted, every hill and
mountain shall be made low, the rough places will be made plains, and the crooked places will be
made straight, and the glory of the Lord shall be revealed, and all flesh shall see it together.
b: What will be the effect of the faith?
and
c: What will they be able to do with this faith.?
A: With this faith they will be able to hew out of the mountain of despair, a stone of hope. With this faith
they will be able to transform the jangling discords of their nation into a beautiful symphony of
brotherhood. With this faith, they will be able to work, pray and struggle together. They will be able to
go to jail and to stand up for freedom together, knowing that they will be free one day.
A: From his coat, Jim brought out beautiful combs tied in a paper. These combs were for Della’s
beautiful and shiny hair. She also loved them a lot. Jim wanted to give her wife a present of combs on
Christmas. For these, he sold his beautiful gold watch.
ix: How beautiful was the gold watch chain?
A: The gold watch chain was very beautiful. It was simply made. Its value was in its rich and pure material
because it was so plain and simple as good things were. It had quietness and value. Jim and the chain
had quietness and value in common. The cost of gold watch chain was only twenty-one dollars. Its
gold seemed to shine softly as if with Della’s own warm and loving spirit.
x: What was the wisdom in selling the most valuable things?
A: The wisdom in selling the most valuable things was to win each other’s heart to make domestic life
pleasant and loveable. The story presented wisdom and a ray of hope in that materialistic and selfish
age when the true love is becoming rare. Materialistic things are not important in life. Only true and
sincere feelings are important. Therefore, both sold their valuable things to show their love and
affection.
4. ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS IN 50-100 WORDS.
i: How did the Magi want to celebrate their Christmas?
A: The Magi were true Christians. They were very happy on the arrival of Christmas. They were wise men
who brought gifts to the newborn Christ-child, Hazrat Isa (A.S.). They were the first to give gifts. They
wanted to celebrate their Christmas by exchanging of gifts. Therefore, they tried to buy a valuable gift
for others.
ii: How much were they attached to each other in the story?
and
iii: Why did they sell their beautiful valuable things?
A: Same as answer of QUESTION 3 PART v.
v: What is the moral of the story?
A: The moral of the story is that exchange of gifts wins others hearts. Therefore, we should present gifts
to others so that congenial atmosphere may prevail everywhere. The story also depicts that exchange
of gifts on the holy occasions makes life most loveable.
7. READ THE PASSAGE AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS GIVEN AT THE END.
i: Who were the wise men?
A: Magi were the wise men.
ii: Who were the first to give Christmas gifts?
A: Magi were the first to give Christmas gifts.
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iii: Were these two the wisest?
A: Yes, these two were the wisest of all.
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2. “Now, you’re comin’ to something, son,” he said as he pushed down the top wire so he could cross the
fence. “This is something I want you to see!” (14)
3. “The town’s empty, but we found the native life in the hills, sir. Dark people. Yellow eyes. The Martians.
Very friendly. We talked a bit, not much. They learn English fast.” (22)
4. “Well, you didn’t have to snatch my pocketbook to get some suede shoes,” said Mrs. Luella Bates
Washington Jones. “You could have asked me.” (17)
5. “I was seen with the pocketbook? Who saw me?”. “Mr. Manana, the harness man saw you pick up the
pocketbook.” (14)
6. ‘Life is like a race.’ Jorkens went on, ‘in which they tire after a while and sit down, or get interested in
something else instead. The man who keeps on wins the race.’ (12)
7. “Does your throat hurt you?” added the mother to the child. But the little girl’s expression didn’t
change nor did she move her eyes from my face. (9)
8. “If they fail, they are expected to bring the case before the Qazi to seek justice. But in the present case,
the parents have agreed to get my bloodshed for the trash of this world.” (9)
9. ‘Do you not perceive?’ answered the camel-man. ‘I wished to show you that what is good for camels is
not good for poor old men and women.’ (9)
10. “All the crops finished. Nothing left,” he said. But the gongs were still beating, the men still shouting,
and Margaret asked: “Why do you go on with it, then?” (17)
11. I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: “We
hold these truths to be self-evident; that all men are created equal.” (8)
12. “I want you to understand me, Dell,” he said. “Nothing like haircut could make me careless for you.
But if you’ll open that, you may know what I felt when I came in.” (17)
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CHARACTERS
(i) Girl
Play 01: Heat Lightning (ii) First Man
(iii) Second Man
(i) Kreton
(ii) Roger Spelding
(iii) Ellen Spelding
Play 02: Visit to a Small Planet (iv) Mrs. Spelding
(v) John Randolph
(vi) General Powers
(vii) Aide
(i) Harry Van Dusen, (a barber)
(ii) Clay Larrabee, (a boy on Saturday)
(iii) Vivian McCutcheon, (a new school teacher)
(iv) Clark Larrabee, (Clay’s father)
Play 03: The Oyster and the Pearl (v) Man, (a writer)
(vi) Roxanna Larrabee, (Clay’s sister)
(vii) Greeley, (Clay’s pal)
(viii) Judge Applegarth, (a beach comber)
(ix) Wozzeck, (a watch repairer)
SETTING
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A: General Powers tries to look into the matter carefully. He takes Kreton as an enemy of his nation and
orders to catch hm. However, all of them become helpless before him. He is a powerful chief of the
National Guard. He guards the security of the country. He uses all his resources and brains to do so.
He becomes helpless when Kreton impresses him and subdues him.
x: How does Kreton impress General Powers?
A: Kreton impresses General Powers by reading his mind and telling the people that they do not intend
the Earth. When the troops try to destroy as flying saucer, he stops them by raising as invisible wall
around it. When General Powers and AIDE attack him, he stops them at the distance.
9. ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS IN 100-150 WORDS.
ii: How does the playwright expose the inferiority of the present race to that of the future?
A: Kreton says that Earth is very small as compared to that planet. The people of Earth do not
understand the real concept of time and space. Civilization on Earth is only beginning. He says that he
can read the minds of the Earth people. His people can see everything through special monitors and
recreators. The people on Earth are very backward in the field of science and technology. They have
short lives while the people of Kreton’s world do not lie at all.
iii: Describe the arrival of the flying saucer in your own words.
A: At night, a luminous objects arcs in view. John says that the spaceship is going to land in the rose
garden. Panic is created but Mr. Spelding takes it to be a meteor, a weather balloon. When that thing
comes closer, everybody becomes alert. It landed in the flower garden of Mrs. Spelding. As it starts
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opening, a man comes out of it and shakes hands with John. ___________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________.
iv: Compare and contrast the people of the two planets
A: Same as answer of QUESTION 3 PART iv.
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33: Why does the Judge think that Miss McCutcheon will not last as a teacher? What kind of
teacher does he think is needed?
A: The judge thinks that she is too beautiful and sensitive to adjust as a teacher in the town. He thinks
that their school needs an old, experienced teacher who can control the children. Contrary to it, Miss
McCutcheon is a “bathing beauty”. She is not mature and cannot give good results. His views seem
sensible and acceptable.
34: What is Applegarth’s complaint about the sea?
A: Applegarth’s complaint against the sea is that the quality of the stuff the sea washes up is not good
any more. Moreover, children leave nothing on the beach for the old because there is a competition
from the children side regarding the collection of articles the sea washes up.
35: What kind of gadget does the writer describe?
A: He tells Harry about a gadget that is found in New York. It is like a safety razor. By using it, anybody
can give anyone else a haircut. Its price is two hundred and ninety five dollars. It was advertised in the
last “Sunday’s Times.”
36: Who buys the oyster? How much does he pay?
A: The writer buys the oyster and pays three hundred dollars for it. He knows that there is no pearl inside
the oyster but he buys it just to help the poor family.
37: Does the writer open the oyster? Why not?
A: The writer does not open the oyster because he knows that there is no pearl inside. But he buys it just
to help the poor family. Therefore, he says that he whole thing is a pearl. He turns it in his fingers and
then puts it in his pocket. He shows that the pearl is still growing and keeps it with him as a token of
Clay’s innocence.
38: Why does Clark Larrabee return?
A: Clark Larrabee reads the ad I the paper about him. When he comes to know that his family is worried
about him, he decides to return to his home and spend the weekend with them. He realizes that his
children need him. Therefore, he returns home when he is ten miles away from home.
39: What does the writer do with the oyster?
A: He holds the oyster in front of him as if it were an egg and looks at it carefully, turning it in his fingers.
Then he puts in his coat pocket, pays three hundred dollars to Clay and helps the poor family.
II. QUESTIONS FOR DISCUSSION.
1: Do you think that it is right to allow Clay to believe that there is a pearl in the oyster? Explain
briefly.
A: Yes, it is right to allow Clay to believe that there is a pearl in the oyster. It is because sometimes the
truth is bitter and hurt us. Sometimes we cannot face reality. Clay is a boy who wants his father to
come back and he wants to give his mother a present. He is short of money. So if in such situation he
comes to know the truth, then he becomes hopeless and embraced. Therefore, the writer buys the
oyster but he knows that there is no pearl inside and he just wants to help the poor family. In short,
the lie that gives solace is better than the truth that gives pain.
2: (a) In your opinion, why is the writer willing to buy the pearl? What has he received in return?
A: In my opinion, the boy is in problem and he needs money because he wants his father to comes back
home and to give his mother a present. He finds an oyster and says that there is a big pearl, of the
worth three hundred dollars, present inside it. Then the writer buys the pearl because he does not
want to embrace the boy. Moreover, he knows that there is no pearl inside the oyster but he just
wants to help the boy and his poor family. It is his virtue to help the boy. In return, he has received a
satisfaction, joy and peaceful mind. Moreover, it gives him joy and happiness. As he is a writer, so he
gets the event for a new story. 38
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2: (b) What does he mean by saying: “As far as I’m concerned, the whole thing/s a pearl.”?
A: In my opinion, the boy is in problem and he needs money because he wants his father to comes back
home and to give his mother a present. He finds an oyster and says that there is a big pearl, of the
worth three hundred dollars, present inside it. Then the writer buys the pearl because he does not
want to embrace the boy. Moreover, he knows that there is no pearl inside the oyster but he just
wants to help the boy and his poor family. It is his virtue to help the boy. In return, he has received a
satisfaction, joy and peaceful mind. Moreover, it gives him joy and happiness. As he is a writer, so he
gets the event for a new story. This virtue is like a big pearl for him. In his view, the virtue has more
importance as compared to the money. This is for what; he does not buy the safety razor introduced
in New York of worth two hundred and ninety five dollars but helps the poor family. Actually, he buys
an event which itself is a pearl. That is why the whole thing is a pearl to him.
3: What has attracted Harry and other people to O.K. by-the-Sea?
A: O.K. by-the-Sea is close to the sea and has hills around. There is a peace in O.K. by-the-Sea. The
climate is very moderate. There is no hustle and bustle. That is not populous place. It is very small city
and the people of O.K. by-the-Sea are very simple and native. They are not greedy and selfish and
their moral values are very high. They are poor but happy. The peaceful environment attracted Harry
and other people to O.K. by-the-Sea.
5: Does the play reveal the author’s view of life? If so, what is his view of life?
A: Yes, the play reveals the author’s view of life. The play is a sentimental comedy. It has humor, a happy
conclusion and demonstrates faith in the basic goodness of human nature. It reflects his attitude
towards life and people who he finds eminently fascinating and wonderful. He wants to examine the
possibilities of life and the people who play part in it. Yet he also has something serious to say. He
minutely observes the sea, the misery and misfortune of poor people and their way of living.
Moreover, he enjoys even smallest pleasure. He fully agrees with Harry’s philosophy, “Take it easy
way.” Therefore, he helps the little boy and his poor family financially. In a nutshell, may be the other
take the oyster as symbol of difficulties that we face in life while the pearl in it is a symbol of hope.
2. The odds against being hit by a falling object that size are, I should say, roughly, ten million to one. (6)
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Bullah Shah
14 My Neighbour Friend Breathing His Last!
(Translated by: A. R. Luther)
Jalaluddin Rumi
16 God’s Attributes
(Translated by: Dr. Nicholson)
Jalaluddin Rumi
18 Love—an Essence of All Religions
(Translated by: Dr. Nicholson)
Charles Perrault
19 A Man of Words and Not of Deeds
(Translated by: Robert Samber)
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THEME: This poem is written by William Henry Davies. This poem is a musical display of rain, a great
phenomenon of nature. It has a symbolic meaning also. The leaves on the upper level get the rain drops
first and quench their thirst. Afterwards they pass on the drops to the leaves at the level beneath. These
lines may offer a metaphor as well; the rich at the upper level get a golden chance first and whatever
remains trickle down to the people at the level beneath. However, the scene of the sunshine afterwards, is
lovely, and a source of pleasure to every one of us.
1: Choose the correct answer.
i. the leaves
ii. drops of rain falling on leaves
iii. when the rain would stop
iv. sunshine
2: Mark the statements true or false.
i. True
ii. False
iii. True
iv. False
v. True
3: Add two more rhyming words in each line.
i. leave, believe, receive
ii. drop, crop, Shop
iii. rain, gain, Vain
5: How a rainy day can be enjoyed?
A: We can enjoy a rainy day by visiting a garden or a historical place. We may enjoy a rainy day by going
on a picnic or playing a game. We can also enjoy the rainy day by eating hot and spicy pakoras,
samosas and finger chips. We can also enjoy it by listening to the music or dancing. In a nutshell, a
rainy day can be enjoyed in various ways.
THEME: This poem is written by W. H. Auden. The poet describes the journey of a coach that travels all
night bringing mail which contains letters, postal orders and cheques for people who live in various part of
the land. Sometimes the journey is a steep upward climb, sometimes it runs steadily on plains. Whether the
railway track is an upward ascent or is a slopping descent, the night mail is always on time and follows the
time schedule. The grass land, cotton fields, moorland and the white clouds above, all pass by quickly and
swiftly. The birds stare at the approaching coach from their nests but the sheepdogs, unmindful of the noise
of the mail coach, continue to slumber. No one wakes up from slumber. Only a jug gently shakes as the
coach passes by a farm.
1: Choose the correct answer.
i. a train that carries mail
ii. on time
iii. pleased
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iv. change her course
2: Mark the statements true or false.
i. False
ii. False
iii. True
iv. False
v. True
vi. False
3: Add two more rhyming words in each line.
i. girl, pearl, Curl
ii. mail, fail, hail
iii. night, fight, light
iv. letter, matter, better
THEME: This poem is written by A. E. Housman. The beauty of nature, especially of cherry is captivating.
But life is too short to relish it. Even fifty years are not enough time to enjoy it fully. The poet says that one
should not miss any chance of enjoying the bloom of the ‘loveliest of tree’, the cherry, in the woods in all
seasons.
1: Choose the correct answer.
i. spring
ii. Christians
iii. white
iv. seventy years
v. twenty
vi. life
2: Mark the statements true or false.
i. False
ii. False
iii. False
iv. False
v. False
vi. True
vii. True
viii. False
ix. False
x. True
3: Add two more rhyming words in each line.
i. cherry, merry, carry
ii. hung, slung, rung
iii. springs, strings, wings
5: What time of the year is mentioned in the first stanza?
A: In first stanza, two important things are mentioned. First is the spring season and second one is the
Easter which is observed on the first Sunday after a full moon or after 21 March.
6: Read the second stanza carefully and write how old is the poet?
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A: The poet is twenty years old.
THEME: This poem is written by W. H. Auden. The poem is a dialogue between two imaginary personified
as reader and rider. The rider is a bold and courageous person, ambitious to make his way through thick
and thin. The reader, full of awe and reverence, tells him that the valley beyond is full of dangers and that
heaps of dung and rubbish lie on his journey ahead, whose bad smell sickens and maddens the mind. The
opposite force is working to discourage the traveler from going father and father. Fear and horror try to
discourage the rider from going on his path to the pass. The way to glory and success is vague and
uncertain, but it can be paved through with courage and perseverance.
2: Answer the following questions.
i: What kind of feelings does the poet create in the minds of his readers?
A: The poet makes the readers realize that courage to do any work makes a person more determined
to his ambition. Whereas a coward dies many times before his death. He cannot face hardships of
life as courageous person do. He not only discourages himself but also traps others to lose
courage. However, determination, dedication and devotion for any work dominate the other
unimportant things.
ii: How do you feel after reading the poem?
A: I feel that only our dedication, devotion and determination pave way to glory and success. Our
hard work, bravery and courage also contribute a lot. Therefore, I will learn and earn with full
devotion not caring for the cowardly people.
iii: What does the title of the poem signify?
A: The title of the poem signifies the importance of “GOAL” for a bold and courageous traveller who
wants to make his way facing the dangers of life. He does not pay attention to the words of the
cowardly people but makes his way to success by dedication, devotion and determination.
3: Mark the statements true or false.
i. True
ii. False
iii. True
iv. True
THEME: This poem is written by Jan Stall worth. This is a symbolic poem. The world is threatened with
war, misery and poverty. But all these have failed to crush man’s love for pleasure. Children enjoy the sweet
spray of the juice forgetting all about the misery they live in.
1: Choose the correct answer.
i. mango
ii. cannon balls
iii. dark
iv. dark
2: Mark the statements true / false.
i. False
ii. False
iii. True
iv. True
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3: Add two more rhyming words to each of the word given below.
i. falls, halls, balls
ii. spend, friend, trend
iii. skin, pin , Tin
iv. forget, set, Let
4: Write down the missing word in each verse.
i. falls
ii. balls
iii. skin
iv. in
7: What are the feelings of the poet standing in the dark?
A: The poet standing in the dark has no feelings of happiness but he is feeling worried and sorrowful
because the world is threatened with war, misery and poverty. But all these have failed to crush man’s
love for pleasure. He wishes that progress and prosperity should prevail in the whole world. Children
eat the fruits and are looking conscious of the surrounding that is disturbing the poet. Moreover, he
feels that nothing can stop human beings to love pleasure.
8: Why has the poet used ‘cannon balls’ to describe the fruit?
A: The world is threatened with war, misery and poverty. The fruits are round like cannon balls. So, the
poet has mentioned the threat of war by using the words “cannon balls” to describe the fruit. Actually,
fruits are looking like bombs so they appear to him as weapons.
10: Make a list of fruits described in the poem.
A: The fruits mentioned in the poem are melon, guava and mandarin.
THEME: This poem is written by Jan Stallworthy. This poem is a tribute to a working woman. Work creates
rhythm in life. Work keeps a person strong and vigilant. An idle person will soon decay. This poem also
portrays realistically the slums of Karachi in a few words. The poet praises and appreciates the working
woman who has practically turned her work into an art. The woman walks softly with the delicacy and
rhythm of a dancer’s feet.
1: Add two more rhyming words to each of the word given below.
i. grace, trace, face
ii. tread, thread, bread
iii. crumbs, thumbs, bombs
iv. weight, late, hate
2: Write down the missing word in each verse.
i. head
ii. face
iii. erect
iv. reflect
4: What did the poet reflect when he saw the woman?
A: The poet reflected that work created rhythm in life and kept a person strong and vigilant. An idle
person would soon decay. Therefore, everyone should spend a life of action and hard work. Moreover,
he observed that only those who bear the burden of life and carry its hardships through life are
strong and straight.
5: What is the main idea of the poem?
A: Theme of the poem (exclude the poet’s name) 44
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6: What picture of the Karachi slums do we get after reading the poem?
A: After reading the poem, we come to know that the condition of Karachi slums is not good. The area is
teeming with stones, heaps of garbage, pieces of bread and the broken glass. The roads are rough
and sanitary condition is very poor. People live in holes and are not even provided with dried pieces
of bread. There is no electricity or any kind of facility with which all the Pakistanis are benefited. In a
nutshell, they are living helpless and hopeless life.
7: Choose the correct answer.
i. bazaar
ii. a stone jar
iii. straight
iv. smooth
8: Mark the statements true / false.
i. True
ii. True
iii. False
iv. True
THEME: It is true that everything happens at an appropriate time. There is time when winter sets in and a
time when winter is gone and another season sets in. Nobody is born before time- nor dies before time.
There is a time to show seeds, and a time when their fruits are ripe to be plucked. The poet says that
nothing in this world happens out of place. Everything is scheduled according to a specific time.
1: Explain the message in the first eight lines of the poem in your own words.
A: Theme of the poem
2: Read the poem and complete the lines.
i. die
ii. build up
iii. weep/cry
iv. lose
v. speak
3: Write down the antonyms of the following words?
i. Silence Speech
ii. Born Die
iii. Live Die
iv. Weep Laugh
v. Heaven Earth/Hell
vi. Lose Get
vii. Break Built
THEME: This poem is written by Percy Bysshe Shelley. It is very ironic poem, which describes the pride of a
man and the wretched reality of life. Man becomes proud by success. He thinks that he has toppled the
world. He forgets that life is merciless. Time brings all luxuries of life to an end, and death is a great leveller.
Shelley considers all feelings of superiority in man as only an illusion and self-deception.
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1: Choose the correct answer.
i. statue
ii. traveler
iii. pedestal
iv. colossal
2: Mark the statements true / false.
i. True
ii. False
iii. False
iv. False
3: Add two more rhyming words to each of the word given below.
i. land, sand, hand
ii. stone, tone, lone
iii. decay, ray, may
iv. fed, head, read
4: Write down the missing word in each verse.
i. land
ii. desert
iii. kings
iv. bare
6: What kinds of the feelings does the poem create in the reader’s mind?
A: The poet describes the pride of a man and the wretched reality of life to the reader in this ironic
poem. He says that man becomes proud by success and thinks that he has toppled the world. He
forgets that life is merciless but time brings all luxuries of life to an end, and death is a great leveller.
He also made the readers think that all feelings of superiority in man as only an illusion and self-
deception.
7: What did the traveller see in the desert?
A: He saw a statue of king in the desert. There, he saw two huge, bodiless legs made of stone. Those legs
were standing in a desert. Near these legs, there was lying the broken body of a man half sunk in the
sand. His feature gave the impression that he was very proud and contemptuous of others.
8: Who was Ozymandias?
A: Ozymandias was king of kings. He was the greatest king of the era before Ancient Egypt. He was
referred to as “king of everything”. He became proud by success. He thought that he had toppled the
world. He forgot that life is merciless. Time ends all luxuries of life, and death is a great leveller. As far
as it can be ascertained, his feet are still in Egypt while his body is lost and his head is in the British
Museum.
THEME: This poem is written by Ahmed Nadeem Qasmi. This poem is very simple. Here the poet depicts
the love of a mother bird for her young ones who are very small and only a few days old. They are in the
nest. The mother sparrow goes out and brings a grain of millet in her beak to feed them. They are ten in
number.
1: Answer the following questions.
i: What does the sparrow hold in her beak?
A: The sparrow is holding a grain of millet in her beak.
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ii: Which line in the first stanza tells us that the young ones have no feathers?
A: Following lines tell us that young’s have no feathers:
The young ones are so tiny and small
From head to toe, they are beaks
iii: How many young ones are to be fed?
A: The young ones are to be fed with a grain of millet.
iv: What has the poet described in the poem?
A: The poet depicts the love of a mother bird for her young ones. Through the hunger of the
sparrow, the poet highlights the hunger of the world. Instead of producing weapons, man should
produce food for humans. Inspite of the discoveries and inventions of the science, we have not yet
been able to provide sufficient food to our fellow beings. The poem is a criticism of mad rush of
man to gain atomic power to annihilate his adversaries.
2: Choose the correct answer.
i. millet
ii. small
iii. ten
iv. sparrow
3: Read the poem and write down the missing word in each line.
i. beaks
ii. feed
iii. ten
4: Mark the statements true or false.
i. True
ii. False
iii. False
iv. False
7: What do you feel after reading the poem?
A: After reading the poem, I come to realize the sacrifice of the parents for their children. Moreover, I
come to know the importance of hard work required to earn money for our food.
THEME: This poem is written by T. S. Eliot. In this poem, the poet says that the human beings have
become soulless. They try to depend upon each other but they cannot make a society. All their efforts are
like the running of rats or the rustling of grass. We do have shapes but inside there is nothing. We only
seem to be walking souls but actually, we are not even that.
1: Choose the correct answer from the options given below.
i. hollow
ii. T. S. Eliot
iii. The hollow men
iv. nothing
2: Mark the statements true / false.
i. True
ii. False
iii. False
iv. True
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3: Add two more rhyming words to each of the word given below.
i. hollow, follow, swallow
ii. glass, class, grass
iii. colour, cellar, filler
iv. wind, mint, hint
4: Write down the missing word in each verse.
i. men
ii. glass
iii. lost
iv. only
5: Why does the poet call modern men as hollow men?
A: The poet called the modern men as hollow men because they have become soulless. They try to
depend on others but cannot make a society. They have no wisdom. They are not wise men and live in
dreams. They are unable to convey anything. They have no definite shape and colour. They are weak
and without motion. They are lost in materialism and spend the whole of their time in trying to gain,
maintain and retain luxuries and comfort. They are devoid of spirituality. That’s why the poet calls
them hollow men.
6: What does the poet say in the last stanza of the poem?
A: He says that those who have already departed from this life do not know if we are frustrated or not.
We seem to be only puppets made of straw. We do have shapes but inside there is nothing. We only
seem to be walking souls but actually, we are not even that.
THEME: This poem is written by William Henry Davies. The poet has based on personal experience. He
thinks that one is so busy in copying with daily routine of life that most of the time the beauty and the joys
of are ignored. One has no time to enjoy and look at the wonders around us. He has mentioned the animals
on the pastures, the stars in the sky, the music and smiles around him. According to the poet’s point of
view, a man’s life is so full of worries and care that he cannot even stand and look up at things as they are
around him.
1: Read the poem and complete the lines with rhyming words.
i. stare?
ii. light
iii. stare
2: Why do you think the poet has given this title to his poem when he is talking about life full of
care with no time to stand and stare?
A: The poet has based this poem on personal experience. He thinks that a person is so busy in copying
with daily routine of life that most of the time the beauty and the joys of are ignored. A person has no
time to enjoy and look at the wonders around us. According to the poet’s point of view, a man’s life is
so full of worries and care that he cannot even stand and look up at things as they are around him.
Therefore, we can say that this is quite suitable title of the poem.
3: What is the poet trying to say in the last two lines of the poem?
A: After reading the poem, we come to know that in first two lines the poet asks the question but in last
two lines he himself answer the question and says that we are very busy in coping with daily routine
of life and most of time the beauty and the joys of life are ignored. Moreover, are full of worries and
care that we cannot stand and look up at things as they are around us.
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THEME: This poem is written by Allama Muhammad Iqbal. In this modern age of allurement, strong faith
like that of Hazrat Abraham (A.S.) is required. Though he was thrown in the fire by his opponents, he was
saved by his faith in God. Muslim harmony depends upon true faith in Islam. The poet addressed the
modern man, whom the life style of this age appeals to the core, and tells him that a man without faith is
worse than a slave. The national harmony amongst the Muslims depends upon a blend of strong Islamic
values and local feelings. This blend created a national harmony. The modern European soul is empty of this
harmony. They have no resemblance with the Makkan civilization. The spark igniting love has disappeared.
The blood running in the veins of the Muslims has thinned and has lost its warmth. As a result of all this the
Islamic unity has broken. That is the reason the hearts of all the Muslims are perplexed, the prayers have
become artificial and the feelings have become superficial and devoid of love.
1: Who was Abraham (A.S.)?
A: Hazrat Abraham (A.S.) is the Prophet of Allah. He is the ancestor of many Prophets including Hazrat
Muhammad (S.A.W.). He was born some 2100 years before Prophet Jesus Christ. He invited people to
worship one Allah instead of idols. However, people showed their anger against him and they threw
him in the fire. But, he was saved by his faith in God.
2: What is worse than slavery?
A: According to Allama Muhammad Iqbal to have no faith is worse than slavery. It is because Muslim
harmony depends upon true faith in Islam. Faith means belief in one Allah, Prophethood, Angels, Holy
Books and the Day of Judgement. One who loses faith is out of the boundary of Islam and is
considered worse than a slave.
3: Who cannot compete with the civilization of Mecca?
A: Europeans cannot compete with the civilization of Mecca because they are devoid of faith and
religion. They do not have one unanimous center like Mecca due to which they are inferior to the
Muslims. Thus, they cannot compete with the Muslims.
4: What has made the efforts of Muslims fruitless?
and
6: What is the present state of the Muslims as given in the last stanza of the poem?
A: The national harmony amongst the Muslims depended upon a blend of strong Islamic values and
local feelings. This blend creates a national harmony. The spark igniting love has disappeared in
Muslims. The blood running in the veins of the Muslims has thinned and has lost its warmth. Because
of all this the Islamic unity has broken. That is the reason the hearts of all the Muslims are perplexed,
the prayers have become artificial and the feelings have become superficial and devoid of love.
Moreover, the efforts of Muslims have become fruitless.
5: What is the moral lesson of the poem?
A: Theme of the poem (exclude the poet’s name)
THEME: This poem is written by Bullah Shah and translated by A. R. Luther. The death of a neighbour
friend terrifies the poet and puts him in a state of shock. The dead leave this world and leave behind
relatives to mourn for them. Everything charming in the world becomes invisible. The only appreciable thing
is the love of God without which everyone is at a loss.
1: When does a person remember God?
A: When a person faces problems, troubles or calamities he remembers God. Some holy people
remember God all the time. They are not negligent of Him any moment. Moreover, at the time of
death everyone remembers Allah and hopes for his salvation.
2: What is the effect of the death scene?
A: A death scene terrifies a person and puts him in a shock. It makes a person realize the morality of
man. The death scene makes him aware of the fact that sooner or later, he has to die. We all should
get ready for it. For this purpose, we should love and obey God Almighty and His Prophet.
3: Why does a person feel helpless on the death of a friend?
A: When death comes, it takes away its victims. But the death of a friend is a very painful incident. When
a person finds no solution to avoid death, he feels helpless on the death of his friend. A sincere friend
gives us good company and support. He is like a sheltering tree. He is like a wall beside us in whose
shade we feel safe and secure.
4: Without whose love is Bullah at a loss?
A: Without Allah’s love, Bullah is in loss. He realizes that without Allah’s love, man is good for nothing. If
he is not blessed with Allah’s love, he has no right to live.
6: The poet arrives at the certain conclusion in the last three lines of the poem. What is it? Write
in your own words.
A: The poet says that One in the entire universe and at the Day of Judgement is very appreciable. Who is
Allah Almighty. Moreover, without Allah’s love, man is at a loss. The poet is frightened about his final
end.
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THEME: This poem is written by Sachal Sarmast. One who knows himself, and also knows that he is a
wonderful thing created by the Creator, cannot have view of anything else except God Almighty. He starts
loving Him, Who blesses him with great love. In such state of affairs every other thing becomes useless to
him, and like Mansur, he feels pleased and is willing to be hanged on the gallows to get his head cut off
only for the Love of his Beloved, God. The poet thinks that a person’s stay in this world is temporary. It is
better for a man to have been loved. The union of one soul with another soul through the alchemy of love
is the highest mystic truth.
1: Why does the poet put emphasis on how to know himself?
A: It helps us to know the purpose of living. A person who comes to know himself, he comes to know
the bare truth that Allah created him. He starts loving Him, Who blesses him with great love. He starts
to worship Him more devotedly. As a result, he finds Allah’s love in his heart. This is the main object of
man’s creation. That is why; the poet puts emphasis on how to know himself.
2: What makes one entangled in love?
A: Self-knowledge and true sincere relationship makes one entangled in love. Beauty of a thing also
entangles man in love. Either when he is entangled in love for Allah or any other else, he is ready to
stake his life and sacrifice everything for this sake.
3: Why did Mansur mount the gallows?
A: Mansur mounted the gallows to get his head cut off only for the love of his beloved, Allah. He was
lost so in love for Allah that the people could not estimate it. They thought that he was making false
claims of love for Allah. Therefore, they got him killed on the gallows. He did not give up his claim and
mounted the gallows happily.
4: What is the bare truth?
and
6: What does the poet say about “His sojourn on earth” in the last line?
A: On his endless journey of life, a man has to stay at different places. His stay on the earth is temporary
is the bare truth. This temporary stay ends when he dies. Therefore, he should develop a relationship
of love with Allah.
THEME: This poem is written by Jalaluddin Rumi and translated by Dr. Nicholson. In this poem, the poet
says that the attributes of God are not mere vain titles but are meaningful and effective for character
building and guidance. For example, when God calls Himself All seeing, it restrains a person from doing
wrong and when God calls Himself All Hearing, it checks a person from using foul language. Knowing God’s
attributes makes one afraid of plotting an evil against others.
1: How many attributes are mentioned in the poem?
A: There are three attributes mentioned in the poem. These are “All Seeing”, “All Hearing” and “All
Knowing”. Allah observes everyone and everything everywhere. Allah listens to every sound and every
speech all the time. Allah knows even the secrets in the hearts.
2: What makes one scared of sinning?
A: God attribute of ‘All Seeing’ restrains a person from doing wrong. Allah’s observation is so deep that
nothing can escape His seeing. Man should believe sure that if Allah sees him committing a sin, He
will punish him. This knowledge makes man avoid sinning.
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3: What are the effects of the attributes of God?
A: The attributes of God are not mere vain titles but are meaningful and effective for character building
and guidance. For example, when God calls Himself All seeing, it restrains a person from doing wrong
and when God calls Himself All Hearing, it checks a person from using foul language. Knowing God’s
attributes makes one afraid of plotting an evil against others.
4: Mention three more attributes of God.
A: (I) The One (II) The Most Merciful (III) The Supreme
5: How do these attributes help in refining the character of the person?
A: The attributes of God are not mere vain titles but are meaningful and effective for character building
and guidance. When God calls Himself All seeing, it restrains a person from doing wrong and when
God calls Himself All Hearing, it checks a person from using foul language. Knowing God’s attributes
makes one afraid of plotting an evil against others. In this way, his character is refined and he leads a
pious life.
7: Make pair of words similar in sound e.g. wait-weight.
end, scare, may, vain, lips, day, mere, talk, that, dare, bat, sheer, walk, crane, sips, bend
A: end-bend, scare-dare, may-day, vain-crane, lips-sips, mere-sheer, talk-walk, that-bat
THEME: This poem is written by the N. Scott Momaday. It is a delightful song in which the poet feels light
as a feather in the bright sky. Everything seems to be in harmony with the poet who finds no hurdles or
difficulties anywhere in this universe. He has good relations with beauty, living things, nature, the
atmosphere and the natural phenomena of stars, wind, dawn, rain, moon and snow. He is happy and
contents with the dream of all things, bright and beautiful, all colors that glitter in the rainbow. He is in
complete harmony and has a good relation with everything. He is playful and lights like the shadow of a
child, the cold of dawn, the glitter of snow and the flame of fire. He is vivacious and full of life. The good
relation of man with the earth and the atmosphere keeps him alive and active.
1: What do you understand when the poet says, “I am the shadow that follows a child”?
A: The poet means to say that he is so absorbed in the beauty of the child and sharing his feelings of
innocence that he feels himself like his shadow. The shadow is carefree, joyful and ever happy.
Therefore, he considers himself a child who is living a happy and carefree life.
2: How can the crust of the snow glitter?
A: The crust of the snow can glitter due to sunshine. Then due to heat of sun it melts and converts into
water and flow through lakes, rivers and oceans.
3: What is the dream of the poet?
and
4: What is the effect of man’s good relation with the earth and the lords?
A: Everything of this world is the dream of the poet. He is so absorbed in the beauty of the thing that it
becomes a part of his imagination. Everything seems to be in harmony with the poet who finds no
hurdles or difficulties anywhere in this universe. He has good relations with beauty, living things,
nature, the atmosphere and the natural phenomena of stars, wind, dawn, rain, moon and snow. He is
happy and contents with the dream of all things, bright and beautiful, all colors that glitter in the
rainbow. He is in complete harmony and has a good relation with everything. He is playful and lights
like the shadow of a child, the cold of dawn, the glitter of snow and the flame of fire. He is vivacious
and full of life. His good relation with the earth and the atmosphere keeps him alive and active. In this
way, everything of this universe becomes a part of his dream.
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5: What are the things that keep a person alive?
A: He is happy and contents with the dream of all things, bright and beautiful, all colors that glitter in the
rainbow. He is in complete harmony and has a good relation with everything. He is playful and lights
like the shadow of a child, the cold of dawn, the glitter of snow and the flame of fire. He is vivacious
and full of life. All these things keep him alive and active.
THEME: This poem is written by Jalaluddin Rumi and translated by Dr. Nicholson. Love is the essence of
all religions. It is love that changes the adversities into pleasures. Thorns become roses, vinegar becomes
sweet wine, burning fire a pleasing light, sickness becomes health, and the king a slave. Life becomes a
success and pleasure because of love, otherwise life is not worth living.
1: What is the effect of the love?
A: Love is the essence of all religions. Through love, all the negative aspects can be changed into positive
aspects and the hardships can be converted into ease. Similarly through love, misfortune can be
changed into good fortune, sorrows and grieves can successfully handled and hence desired results
can be achieved. Love changes the adversities into pleasures. Thorns become roses, vinegar becomes
sweet wine, burning fire a pleasing light, sickness becomes health, and the king a slave. Life becomes
a success and pleasure because of love, otherwise life is not worth living. Love has a great effect on
life of human beings and every difficulty can be overcome through it.
2: Is life worth living without love?
A: No, life is not worth living without love. Life becomes a success and pleasure because of love,
otherwise life is not worth living. Love is the essence of all religions and is essential part of life.
Without love, man cannot recognize its true status. Love changes the adversities into pleasures.
Thorns become roses, vinegar becomes sweet wine, burning fire a pleasing light, sickness becomes
health, and the king a slave.
3: There are a number of antonyms in this poem. Given below are words taken from the poem.
Write down the antonyms as given in the poem.
i. throne roses
ii. misfortune good fortune
iii. stone butter
iv. grief joy
v. sickness health
vi. wrath mercy
vii. dead alive
viii. king slave
4: Make pair of rhyming words from the list of the words given below. e.g. fight-light.
roses, gone, health, fight, throne, poses, joy, wealth, light, toy, thorn, love, horn,
dove
A: roses-poses, gone-throne, health-wealth, fight-light, joy-toy, throne-horn, love-dove
THEME: This poem is written by Charles Perrault and translated by Robert Samber. A man who always
talks and boasts and is not involved in any deed is like a garden full of weeds. And when it is once grown it
further aggravates the situation like snow in winter. Life passes through different phases and ultimately
comes to an end with the death of a person. It is, therefore, necessary that a man must always engage
himself in some fruitful activity to make the life pleasant and useful for humanity.
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2: How does the life of man pass trough different phases?
A: The life of man passes through eight different phases.
(i) First of all, man is like a garden full of weeds,
(ii) Then he becomes like a garden full of snow,
(iii) After it, he becomes like a bird upon a wall,
(iv) Then he flies like an eagle in the sky,
(v) After it, he comes down on earth and reaches his door as lion,
(vi) When the door begins to crack, he is like a stick across his back.
(vii) When his back begins to smart, he is like a penknife in his heart.
(viii) When his heart begins to bleed, he dies at last.
3: What happens when life is spent with the help of words and not of deeds?
A: A man who always talks and boasts and is not involved in any deed is like a garden full of weeds.
Moreover, when it is once grown it further aggravates the situation like snow in winter. Life passes
through different phases and ultimately comes to an end with the death of a person. It is, therefore,
necessary that a man must always engage himself in some fruitful activity to make the life pleasant
and useful for humanity. Otherwise, life would become hell and an idle person dies in a pitiable
condition.
4: What does the garden look like when the weeds start growing?
A: When the weeds start growing, the garden loses its charm and none likes to visit it.
6: What is the moral lesson of the poem?
A: The poem teaches us to spend an ambitious life and it throws light on the value of the work. We
should be practical and not talkative only. We should try to put our words into action because actions
speak louder than words. Actions hold real worth not the words. In a nutshell, we must always engage
ourselves in same fruitful activity to make the life pleasant and useful for humanity.
THEME: This poem is written by Robert Graves. A person should remain inquisitive about the images of
life whether they are broken or clear. One, who trusts one’s clear images without proof, becomes dull in
one’s life whereas the other who mistrusts his broken images becomes sharp and intelligent. Nothing
should be taken for granted and one should remain thoughtful and considerate about the facts of life.
Inquiry into the nature of things leads one to understand and accept the ground realities of life.
1: What is the state of two persons, one who trusts clear images and the other who mistrusts the
broken images?
A: One who trusts clear images quickly concludes that his findings are final. He trusts his clear images
and does not work to verify them and in this way, he becomes dull. On the other hand, the person
who mistrusts his images is very slow in coming to the conclusion. He thinks that his images are
broken. He mistrusts these images, works hard to verify them, and tries to improve them. In this way,
he succeeded.
2: Why does a person question his senses when the facts fail him?
A: The man, who does not have a clear way of thinking, can never reach the truth. He finds himself in a
new confusion of his understanding. When the facts fail him, he doubts his senses. It is a not merely
the matter of senses. It is, in fact, the matter of thinking more vaguely. He continues his habit of
coming to hasty conclusions and as a result, he remains dull.
3: Who is in a new confusion of his understanding?
A: The man, who does not have a clear way of thinking and trusts the clear images, finds himself in a
new confusion of his misunderstanding. 54
ENGLISH SERIES INTER PART 1
4: What is the moral lesson of the poem?
and
7: What conclusion does the poet draw in the last two lines of the poem? Write in detail.
A: A person should remain inquisitive about the images of life whether they are broken or clear. One,
who trusts one’s clear images without proof, becomes dull in one’s life whereas the other who
mistrusts his broken images becomes sharp and intelligent. Nothing should be taken for granted and
one should remain thoughtful and considerate about the facts of life. Inquiry into the nature of things
leads one to understand and accept the ground realities of life. In a nutshell, ignorance of ignorance is
a great curse and hence a death of knowledge. Therefore, we should observe things carefully and
minutely, think clearly and freely, and acts independently.
GRAMMAR (APPLICATIONS)
FORMAT FOR WRITING APPLICATION AT F.SC. LEVEL;
The Principal,
Govt Degree College,
City A.B.C.
Respected Sir,
{__________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________Body of Application ________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________.}
Yours obediently,
X.Y.Z.
Class: {__________}
Roll No. {____}
Date: {Month Dateth, Year}
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APPLICATION 6: RE-ADMISSION
The Principal,
Govt Degree College,
City A.B.C.
Respected Sir,
Most respectfully, it is stated that I could not come to college for twenty days during the last
month. I was not at fault. It was all due to my illness. I had gone to my village to see my parents and also to
receive the monthly allowance. It rained and cold wind began to blow. I caught cold and the next moment, I
ran high temperature. I went to the hospital in the neighbouring village to consult the doctor who told me
that I was suffering from typhoid fever. I remained under his treatment for eighteen days. My village is 99
km away from the city. There is no other student in that village to carry my application to the college.
However, I sent an application for leave by post. Unfortunately, the application could not be delivered to
the college office. Only Post Office is responsible for the negligence. My class teacher struck me off from
the college roll. Your highness is requested to grant me re-admission to the college so that I may continue
my studies. The medical certificate is attached. Moreover, I assure you that I shall be very careful in future
and make up deficiency in studies within few days. I shall be very thankful to you for this act of kindness.
Yours obediently,
X.Y.Z.
Class: 1st Year
Roll No. 2
Date: June 12th, 2014
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Direct Speech
The first way of reporting the speaker’s words is called Direct Speech. While doing this we have
reproduced the exact words of the speaker and put them in inverted commas.
Example: She said, “I am doing my homework.”
Indirect Speech
The second way of reporting what the speaker had said is called Indirect Speech. While doing this we have
made the different changes in the sentence explained next.
Example: She said that she was doing her homework.
1. Elimination of Inverted Commas:
i. In the indirect speech, the commas are omitted.
ii. A small letter replaces the capital letter of the first word of the reported
speech. DIRECT: Najma says, “The fat dog is barking.”
INDIRECT: Najma says that the fat dog is barking.
2. Changing of pronouns:
Pronouns of first and the second person changes into the third person. However, if the person
addressed reports the speech, second person changes into first.
DIRECT: You said to Zain, “I would be happy to welcome you in my house.”
INDIRECT: You told Zain that you would be happy to welcome him in your house.
3. Changing of some words:
WORD to WORD
this → that
now → then
here → there
thus → so
today → that day
tonight → that night
tomorrow → the next day
yesterday → the day before
last night → the night before
ago → before
4. The following twelve rules help you in changing narration of sentences.
RULE 1: When the reporting speech is in Present or future tense then the following changes takes place:
i. Reported speech is remain unchanged
ii. Change of pronouns.
iii. Adding of conjunction that.
DIRECT: He says, “I work hard.”
INDIRECT: He says that he work hard.
RULE 2: When the reporting speech is in past tense then the reported speech is changed as follow:
RULE 3: When the reported speech is already in past tense then it is changed as follow:
RULE 4: When the reported speech is Yes/No Question then following changes take place:
RULE 5: When the reported speech is Wh- Question (starting from what, who, whom, whose, why, how…)
then following changes take place:
RULE 6: When the reported speech is imperative sentence that is starting from verb then following
changes take place:
i. Said is changed into ordered, commanded, proposed, told, requested, begged, appealed...
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ii. Conjunction that is not added.
iii. Change of pronouns.
iv. To is added.
DIRECT: He said her, “Do your work.”
INDIRECT: He ordered her to do her work.
RULE 7: When the reported speech is imperative sentence that is starting from the word “Let…”
then following changes take place:
RULE 8: When the reported speech is exclamatory sentence with interjection then following changes take
place:
i. Said is changed into exclaimed with ... according to the condition explained by
interjection.
ii. Conjunction that is added.
iii. Change of pronouns.
iv. Interjection is removed.
v. Exclamation Mark is removed.
vi. The exclamatory sentence is changed according to rule 1, 2 and 3 in simple sentence.
DIRECT: He said, “Alas! We lose the match.”
INDIRECT: He exclaimed with sorrow that they lost the match.
RULE 9: When the reported speech is exclamatory sentence without interjection then following
changes take place:
i. Said is changed into exclaimed with ... according to the condition explained by sentence.
ii. Conjunction that is added.
iii. Change of pronouns.
iv. Exclamation Mark is removed.
v. How is removed.
vi. The exclamatory sentence is changed according to rule 1, 2 and 3 in simple sentence.
DIRECT: He said, “How lucky I am!”
INDIRECT: He exclaimed with wonder that he was lucky.
RULE 10: When the reported speech is universal truth then following changes take place:
RULE 11: When the reported speech is optative statement then following changes take place:
RULE 12: When the reported speech is wishing statement then following changes take place:
OR
Simple Future Tense No comma If + Simple Present Tense
Example:
If it rains, I shall stay inside.
(II) Conditional Type II (for impossible tasks, unfulfilled wishes)
Structure:
If + Past Tense/ Were , Would / Past Form
OR
No comma
Would / Past Form If + Past Tense/ Were
Example:
If he were alive, we would be happy. If
he worked hard, he would succeed.
OR
Would Have + Third form of verb No comma If + Had + Third form of verb
Example:
If it had rained, the crops would have been better.
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2. Accept Except
3. Accede Exceed
4. Access Excess
Adapt Adopt
5.
Adept
6. Advice Advise
7. Affect Effect
8. Altar Alter
9. Amiable Amicable
Hair Hare
50.
Here
Heir Ere
51.
Air
Idol Ideal
55.
Idle
Plan Plain
70.
Plane
Rain Reign
77.
Rein
Right Rite
78.
Write
Root Route
81.
Rout
Sore Sour
83.
Soar
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2. Affection Affectation
3. Allusion Illusion
4. Apposite Opposite
5. Artist Artisan
6. Ascent Assent
7. Vocation Vacation
8. Beach Beech
9. Beside Besides
Cite Site
17.
Sight
Corpse Corps
22.
Crops
Credible Creditable
23.
Credulous
Descent Dissent
27.
Decent
Economic Economical
29.
Economics
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Gaol Jail
36.
Goal
Hoard Herd
42.
Horde
Imperial Imperious
48.
Impervious
Later Latter
52.
Letter
Way Weigh
74.
Weight
Addition Edition
2.
Audition
3. Admission Admittance
4. Afflict Inflict
5. Alternate Alternative
6. Apprehend Comprehend
7. Apprehension Comprehension
8. Ascend Descend
9. Assent Dissent
Breath Breathe
22.
Breadth
Censer Censor
25.
Census Consensus
Famous Infamous
53.
Notorious Notable
Humiliate Humiliation
65.
Humility
Observation Observance
80.
Observatory
President Precedent
84.
Precedence
Remind Recall
90.
Recollect
Respect Respectful
91.
Respectable
Soot Suit
104.
Suite
Vale Vail
114.
Veil Wail
2. Amend Emend
3. Ant Aunt
4. Assume Presume
6. Appraise Apprise
7. Avenge Revenge
8. Ball Bawl
9. Bad Bade
Contagious Contiguous
16.
Infectious
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Insure Ensure
40.
Assure
Maid Made
45.
Mad
Mare Mere
46.
Mayor
Rest Wrest
59.
Wrist
Union Unity
78.
Unison
77