30/9/2020 Taller 2: Vectores

Taller 2: Vectores
Due: 11:59pm on Friday, November 20, 2020
You will receive no credit for items you complete after the assignment is due. Grading Policy

Adding and Subtracting Vectors Conceptual Question

Six vectors (A to F) have the magnitudes and directions indicated in the figure.

Part A
Which two vectors, when added, will have the largest (positive) x component?

You did not open hints for this part.

ANSWER:

C and E

E and F

A and F

C and D

B and D

Part B
Which two vectors, when added, will have the largest (positive) y component?

You did not open hints for this part.

ANSWER:

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C and D

A and F

E and F

A and B

E and D

Part C
Which two vectors, when subtracted (i.e., when one vector is subtracted from the other), will have the largest magnitude?

You did not open hints for this part.

ANSWER:

A and F

A and E

D and B

C and D

E and F

± Vector Addition

Consider the following three vectors:

⃗ 
A = (2, −1, 1) ,
⃗  
B = (3, 0, 5) ,
and
⃗ 
C = (1, 4, −2) .
Calculate the following combinations. Express your answers as ordered triplets [e.g., (9, 4, −2)].

Part A

You did not open hints for this part.

ANSWER:

⃗  ⃗ 
A +B =

Part B
ANSWER:
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⃗  ⃗ 
B +C =

Part C
ANSWER:

⃗  ⃗ 
A +B +C
⃗ 
=

Part D

You did not open hints for this part.

ANSWER:

⃗  ⃗ 
3A + 2C =

Part E
ANSWER:

⃗  ⃗  ⃗ 
2A + 3B + C =

Part F
ANSWER:

⃗  ⃗  ⃗ 
2A + 3(B + C ) =

± Vector Addition and Subtraction

In general it is best to conceptualize vectors as arrows in space, and then to make calculations with them using their
components. (You must first specify a coordinate system in order to find the components of each arrow.) This problem gives you
some practice with the components.

Let vectors A ⃗ = (1, 0, −3), B⃗  = (−2, 5, 1), and C ⃗ = (3, 1, 1) . Calculate the following, and express your answers as ordered
triplets of values separated by commas.

Part A
ANSWER:

⃗ 
A −B
⃗ 
=

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Part B
ANSWER:

⃗  ⃗ 
B −C =

Part C
ANSWER:

⃗  ⃗  ⃗ 
−A + B − C =

Part D
ANSWER:

⃗ 
3A − 2C
⃗ 
=

Part E
ANSWER:

⃗  ⃗  ⃗ 
−2A + 3B − C =

Part F
ANSWER:

⃗  ⃗  ⃗ 
2A − 3(B − C ) =

Components of Vectors

Shown is a 10 by 10 grid, with coordinate axes x and y .

The grid runs from -5 to 5 on both axes. Drawn on this grid are four vectors, labeled A ⃗ through D⃗ . This problem will ask you
various questions about these vectors. All answers should be in decimal notation, unless otherwise specified.

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Part A

What is the x component of A ⃗ ?

Express your answer to the nearest integer.

You did not open hints for this part.

ANSWER:

Ax =

Part B

What is the y component of A ⃗ ?

Express your answer to the nearest integer.

ANSWER:

Ay =

Part C

What is the y component of B⃗ ?

Express your answer to the nearest integer.

You did not open hints for this part.

ANSWER:

By =

Part D
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What is the x component of C ⃗ ?

Express your answer to the nearest integer.

You did not open hints for this part.

ANSWER:

Cx =

The following questions will ask you to give both components of vectors using the ordered pairs method. In this method, the x
component is written first, followed by a comma, and then the y component. For example, the components of A ⃗ would be written
3,3 in ordered pair notation.

The answers below are all integers, so estimate the components to the nearest whole number.

Part E

In ordered pair notation, write down the components of vector B⃗ .

Express your answers to the nearest integer.

ANSWER:

Bx , By =

Part F

In ordered pair notation, write down the components of vector D⃗ .

Express your answers to the nearest integer.

ANSWER:

Dx , Dy =

Part G

What is true about B⃗  and D⃗ ?

ANSWER:

They have different components and are not the same vectors.

They have the same components but are not the same vectors.

They are the same vectors.

Exercise 1.34

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A postal employee drives a delivery truck over the route shown in the figure .

Part A
Use the method of components to determine the magnitude of her resultant displacement.
Express your answer using two significant figures.

ANSWER:

km

Part B
Use the method of components to determine the direction of her resultant displacement.
Express your answer using two significant figures.
ANSWER:

∘
North of East

Geometric vs Componentwise Vector Addition

Learning Goal:
To understand that adding vectors by using geometry and by using components gives the same result, and that manipulating
vectors with components is much easier.
Vectors may be manipulated either geometrically or using components. In this problem we consider the addition of two vectors
using both of these two methods.

The vectors A ⃗ and B⃗  have lengths A and B , respectively, and B⃗  makes an angle θ from the direction of A ⃗ .

Vector addition using geometry

Vector addition using geometry is accomplished by putting the tail of one vector (in this case B⃗ ) on the tip of the other (A ⃗ ) and
⃗ 
using the laws of plane geometry to find the length C , and angle ϕ , of the resultant (or sum) vector, C ⃗ = A +B
⃗ 
:
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− −− −−−−−−−−−−−−−−
1. C 2 2
= √ A + B − 2AB cos(c) ,
B sin(c)
−1
2. ϕ = sin ( ).
C

Vector addition using components

Vector addition using components requires the choice of a coordinate system. In this problem, the x axis is chosen along the
direction of A ⃗ . Then the x and y components of B⃗  are B cos(θ) and
B sin(θ) respectively. This means that the x and y components of C

are given by

3. Cx = A + B cos(θ) ,
4. Cy = B sin(θ) .

Part A

Which of the following sets of conditions, if true, would show that the expressions 1 and 2 above define the same vector C ⃗ 
as expressions 3 and 4?
Check all that apply.

ANSWER:

The two pairs of expressions give the same length and direction for C ⃗ .

The two pairs of expressions give the same length and x component for C ⃗ .

The two pairs of expressions give the same direction and x component for C ⃗ .

The two pairs of expressions give the same length and y component for C ⃗ .

The two pairs of expressions give the same direction and y component for C ⃗ .

The two pairs of expressions give the same x and y components for C ⃗ .

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Part B Complete previous part(s)

Part C Complete previous part(s)

Part D Complete previous part(s)

Part E Complete previous part(s)

Part F Complete previous part(s)

Problem 1.78

A ship leaves the island of Guam and sails a distance 270 km at an angle 45.0 ∘ north of west.

Part A
In which direction must it now head so that its resultant displacement will be 130 km directly east of Guam? (Express your
answer as an angle measured south of east)
ANSWER:

θ = ∘
south of east

Part B
How far must it sail so that its resultant displacement will be 130 km directly east of Guam?
ANSWER:

km

Problem 1.84

Ricardo and Jane are standing under a tree in the middle of a pasture. An argument ensues, and they walk away in different
directions. Ricardo walks 29.0 m in a direction 60.0 ∘ west of north. Jane walks 16.0 m in a direction 30.0 ∘ south of west. They
then stop and turn to face each other.

Part A
What is the distance between them?

Express your answer with the appropriate units.

ANSWER:

d =

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Part B
In what direction should Ricardo walk to go directly toward Jane?
ANSWER:

∘
east of south

± Vector Math Practice

Let vectors A ⃗ = ⃗ 

,
(2, −1, 1) B = (3, 0, 5) , and C ⃗ = (1, 4, −2), where (x, y, z) are the components of the vectors along ^
i,

^ ^
j , and k respectively. Calculate the following:

Part A
Express your answer as an ordered triplet of components (x, y, z) with commas to separate the components.

You did not open hints for this part.

ANSWER:

⃗  ⃗  ⃗ 
2A + 3B + C =

Part B
⃗  ⃗  ⃗ 
Express your answer as an ordered triplet |A|, |B|, |C | with commas to separate the magnitudes, to three

significant figures.

You did not open hints for this part.

ANSWER:

⃗  ⃗  ⃗ 
|A |, |B|, |C | =

Part C
ANSWER:

⃗  ⃗ 
A ⋅B =

Part D

Determine the angle θ between B⃗  and C ⃗ .

Express your answer numerically in radians, to two significant figures.

You did not open hints for this part.

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ANSWER:

θ = radians

Part E
Express your answer as an ordered triplet of components (x, y, z) with commas to separate the components.

ANSWER:

⃗  ⃗ 
B ×C =

Part F
ANSWER:

⃗  ⃗  ⃗ 
A ⋅ (B × C ) =

Problem 1.67

Part A

Determine the scalar product of A⃗  = 9.0 ^ ^ ^ ⃗  ^ ^ ^

i + 1.0 j - 2.0 k and B = 9.0 i - 3.0 j - 3.0 k.

ANSWER:

18.0^
i + 4.0 j + 5.0 k
^ ^

18.0^
i - 4.0 j + 5.0 k
^ ^

84

126

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Problem 1.77

Part A
What is the magnitude of the cross product of a vector of magnitude 2.00 m pointing east and a vector of magnitude 4.00 m
pointing 30.0° west of north?

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ANSWER:

-6.93

4.00

6.93

8.00

-4.00

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