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Category B1 COURSE
KUWAIT AIRWAYS
A320
TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL
26 FIRE PROTECTION
This document must be used
for training purpose only.
Under no circumstances
should this document be used as a reference.
** Cargo & Lavatory SMK Detection SYS D/O(3).. …….. 137 137
Cargo Smoke Detection Warnings (3) ............ ………… 143 143
Cargo Smoke Procedure (3) ...................... ……………. 147 147
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26 - FIRE PROTECTION
26-00-00 GENERAL SYSTEM PRESENTATION
CONTENTS:
General
Engine Fire Protection
APU Fire Protection
Avionics Smoke Detection
Cargo Fire Protection
Lavatory Fire Protection
Portable Fire Extinguishers
TMUFIR102 LEVEL 1
UFD4200
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The fire protection system provides: The cargo fire protection is provided by two systems:
- Fire detection and extinguishing systems for The cargo smoke detection system and the cargo fire
the engine and the APU extinguishing system.
- Smoke detection and extinguishing systems for The forward and Aft/Bulk cargo compartment fire
the foward and Aft/Bulk cargo compartment and protection is optional (smoke detection and fire
for lavatories extinguishing separately).
- Smoke detection for the avionics compartment Note that an option with a second bottle enables fire
extinguishing extended duration for Etops.
- Portable fire extinguisher bottle for fighting
fire.
LAVATORY FIRE PROTECTION
ENGINE FIRE PROTECTION
The lavatory fire protection is provided by two
systems: The lavatory smoke detection system and the
The engine fire protection is provided by two systems:
waste bin automatic fire extinguishing system.
The fire detection systems and the fire extinguishing
system.
PORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
APU FIRE PROTECTION
The portable fire extinguishers are used for fighting
fire in the cockpit and cabin.
The APU fire protection is provided by two systems:
The fire detection system and the fire extinguishing
system.
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26 - FIRE PROTECTION
26-12-00 SYSTEM PRESENTATION
CONTENTS:
General
Fire Detectors
Fire Detection Unit (FDU)
Warnings
Test P/B
Engine Fire P/B
Agent P/B
Bottles
Self Examination
TMUFIRA02 LEVEL 1
UFD4200
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SYSTEM PRESENTATION
The engine fire protection is provided by two systems: On the engine fire panel the TEST pushbutton permits
The fire detection and the fire extinguishing systems. the fire detection and the extinguishing systems to
be checked. During the test, the SQUIB lights come on
FIRE DETECTORS if the continuity of the squib circuit is correct. The
DISCH lights are also activated but as a lamp test.
Each engine fire detection system consists of two The TEST pushbutton checks simultaneously the
independent loops A and B connected in parallel to the integrity of the:
Fire Detection Unit (FDU). Each loop comprises three - Fire detection loops A and B, FDU, indications
fire detectors connected in parallel. Loops A and B and warnings.
are connected in parallel to the Fire Detection Unit - Squib circuit continuity of AGENT 1 and 2.
(FDU). Each loop comprises:
- Fan fire detector ENGINE FIRE P/B
- Pylon fire detector
- Core fire detector When the ENGINE FIRE pushbutton is released out, the
SQUIB lights come on and the extinguishing system is
FIRE DETECTION UNIT (FDU) armed. At the same time, the engine is isolated from
the other aircraft systems. When the ENG FIRE
One Fire Detection Unit is provided for each PUSHbutton is released out:
engine. The Fire Detection Unit (FDU) processes - Both SQUIB lights come on indicating bottle
signals received from the fire detectors. percussion is available.
- Aircraft systems are isolated.
WARNINGS
AGENT P/B
The Fire Detection Unit generates signals for ECAM
display, Centralized Fault Display System utilization
TMUFIRA02-T01 LEVEL 1
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SYSTEM PRESENTATION
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SYSTEM PRESENTATION
BOTTLES
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SELF EXAMINATION
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26 - FIRE PROTECTION
CONTENTS:
General
Fire Warning
Loop Fault Warning
Detection Fault Warning
TMUFIAA01 LEVEL 3
UFD4200
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GENERAL
FIRE WARNING
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26 - FIRE PROTECTION
CONTENTS:
General
Monitoring Interfaces
Supply Interfaces
Self Examination
TMUFIRH01 LEVEL 3
UFD4200
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GENERAL
MONITORING INTERFACES
SUPPLY INTERFACES
also disconnected.
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SELF EXAMINATION
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CONTENTS:
System Warnings
TMUFIR401 LEVEL 3
UFD4200
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SYSTEM WARNINGS
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26 - FIRE PROTECTION
CONTENTS:
General
Fire Procedure
TMUFIR502 LEVEL 3
UFD4200
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CONTENTS:
General
Fire Procedure
TMUFIR602 LEVEL 3
UFD4200
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26 - FIRE PROTECTION
CONTENTS:
General
Fire Bottle
Discharge Cartridge
TMUFIAZ02 LEVEL 3
UFD4200
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DISCHARGE CARTRIDGE
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26 - FIRE PROTECTION
CONTENTS:
Fire Detection Unit (FDU)
Fire Bottles
Fire Detectors
TMUFIRJ06 LEVEL 3
UFD4200
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SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
WARNING:
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IDENTIFICATION
FIN: 4000WD1, 4000WD2
LOCATION
ZONE: 445
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CONTENTS:
Detection
Extinguishing
Interfaces
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26 - FIRE PROTECTION
26-13-00 SYSTEM PRESENTATION
CONTENTS:
General
Fire Detector
Fire Detection Unit (FDU)
Warnings
Test P/B
Auto Extinguishing
APU Fire P/B
Agent P/B
Bottle
Red Disc
Self Examination
TMUFIRB02 LEVEL 1
UFD4200
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SYSTEM PRESENTATION
The APU fire protection is provided by two systems : On the APU FIRE panel a TEST pushbutton permits the
The fire detection system and the fire extinguishing fire detection and the extinguishing systems to be
system. checked. During the TEST, the SQUIB light comes on if
the continuity of the squib circuit is correct. The
FIRE DETECTOR DISCH light is also activated but as a lamp test.
The TEST pushbutton checks simultaneously the
The fire detection system consists of two independent integrity of:
loops (A and B). Each loop comprises one fire detector. - Fire detection loops A and B, FDU, indications
Loops A and B are connected in parallel to a Fire and warnings.
Detection Unit (FDU). - Squib circuit continuity.
A Fire Detection Unit is provided for the APU. The If an APU fire occurs while on ground, the APU is
Fire Detection Unit (FDU) processes signals received automatically shutdown and the fire extinguishing
from the fire detectors. system automatically triggered.
The Fire Detection Unit generates signals for ECAM When the APU FIRE PUSHbutton is released out:
display, Centralized Fault Display System - the SQUIB light comes on indicating bottle
utilization and cockpit local warnings. percussion is available,
- Fire warning signals are sent to ECAM, APU fire - and APU systems are isolated.
panel and external power control panel when
aircraft is on ground.
TMUFIRB02-T01 LEVEL 1
AGENT P/B
- Loop failure warnings are sent to ECAM and
Centralized Fault Display System (CFDS). Action on the AGENT pushbutton provides bottle
discharge if the APU FIRE PUSHbutton is still released
out. A pressure switch activates the DISCH light when
UFD4200
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SYSTEM PRESENTATION
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SYSTEM PRESENTATION
BOTTLE
RED DISC
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SELF EXANIMATION
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26 - FIRE PROTECTION:
CONTENTS:
General
Fire Warning
Loop Fault Warning
Detection Fault Warning
TMUFIAB01 LEVEL 3
UFD4200
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GENERAL
FIRE WARNING
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26 - FIRE PROTECTION
CONTENTS:
General
Monitoring Interfaces
Supply Interfaces
Auto Extinguishing on Ground
Self Examination
TMUFIRI01 LEVEL 3
UFD4200
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GENERAL
MONITORING INTERFACES
SUPPLY INTERFACES
is automatically triggered.
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SELF EXAMINATION
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26 - FIRE PROTECTION
CONTENTS:
System Warnings (APU FIRE IN FLIGHT)
TMUFIR901 LEVEL 3
UFD4200
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26 - FIRE PROTECTION
CONTENTS:
Auto Extinguishing Ground Test
TMUFIRN01 LEVEL 3
UFD4200
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26 - FIRE PROTECTION
CONTENTS:
System Operation in Case of APU Fire (Manual
Extinguishing)
TMUFIR701 LEVEL 3
UFD4200
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APU FIRE PROTECTION - SYSTEM OPERATION IN CASE OF APU FIRE (Manual Extinguishing)
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26 - FIRE PROTECTION
CONTENTS:
Auto Extinguishing on Ground
TMUFIR801 LEVEL 3
UFD4200
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26 - FIRE PROTECTION
CONTENTS:
General
Fire Bottle
Discharge Cartridge
TMUFIAK01 LEVEL 3
UFD4200
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DISCHARGE CARTRIDGE
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26 - FIRE PROTECTION
CONTENTS:
Fire Detector
Fire Detection Unit (FDU)
Fire Bottle
Red Disc
TMUFIRK01 LEVEL 3
UFD4200
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WARNING: IDENTIFICATION
FIN: 21WG, 22WG
Cartridges are explosive, remove them before working
on the bottle. Protective caps must be installed during LOCATION
bottle removal/installation to prevent damage to the ZONE: 316
discharge diaphragm which could result in injury to
personnel. COMPONENT DESCRIPTION
One per loop.
Before power is spplied to the aircraft make certain The detector is pneumatically operated by heating its
that electrical circuits upon which work is in progress sensing element which contains helium gas and an
are isolated. hydrogen charged core material.
Discharge cartridges are class "c" explosives and must
be handled/stored by authorized personnel or disposed Alarm State
of by an approved method. The application of heat to the sensor causes an
Wuen cartridge electrical connectors are disconnected increase of the gas pressure which in turn closes the
the cartridge electrical pins must be shunted with a alarm switch. The detector sends a FIRE signal.
protective shunt which is provided by the manufacturer.
A shunt plug or shorting clip will prevent bottle Fault State
discharge which could cause injury to maintenance In the event of gas pressure loss, the integrity switch
personnel. opens and generates a fault signal.
The cartridge installed must be of the same make as
the bottle and correspond to the specification
indicated in the Maintenance Manual.
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IDENTIFICATION IDENTIFICATION
FIN: 13WG FIN: 11WF
LOCATION LOCATION
ZONE: 126 ZONE: 314
COMPONENT DESCRIPTION
- Type of agent: bromotrifluoromethane.
- Nominal Nitrogen pressure at 21 deg.C: 600 psi.
Pressure Switch
The pressure switch operates at 225 psi.
An allen key can be inserted in the manual test point
in order to check the pressure.
The pressure switch is calibrated at:
- 450 psi when the pressure increases
(refilling).
- 225/275 psi when the pressure decreases
(discharge or leak).
Squib
The squib is an electropyrotechnic cartridge
containing explosive powder fired by two filaments
supplied with 28 VDC.
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RED DISC
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CONTENTS:
Detection
Extinguishing
Auto Extinguishing
TMUFIRR01 LEVEL 3
UFD4200
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26 - FIRE PROTECTION
CONTENTS:
Smoke Detector
Avionic Equipment Ventilation Computer (AEVC)
Gen 1 Line P/B
Blower and Extract P/B
Self Examination
TMUFIRO01 LEVEL 1
UFD4200
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SYSTEM PRESENTATION
SMOKE DETECTOR
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SYSTEM PRESENTATION
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SELF EXAMINATION
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26 - FIRE PROTECTION
CONTENTS:
Master Caution
Oxygen Mask
Cabin and Cockpit Isolation
Smoke Source Isolation
Essential Electrical Network
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When a smoke is detected the MASTER CAUTION comes on, The blower and extract fans of the avionics ventilation
the single chime sounds, GEN 1 SMOKE light comes on system must be set to the override position, to
on the emergency electrical power panel and the BLOWER evacuate the smoke overboard.
fault and EXTRACT fault lights on the ventilation panel - Set the BLOWER pushbutton to OVRD position.
come on. When the BLOWER pushbutton is set to override, the
The actions to be performed appear on the upper ECAM blower fan stops and the air conditioning system is
display. used as a cold air source.
Note that the smoke is directly perceptible by the
crew through the center pedestal. EXTRACT FAN
- Select the MASTER CAUTION before performing - Set the EXTRACT pushbutton to OVRD position.
ECAM actions.
EXTRACT VALVE
OXYGEN MASK When the EXTRACT pushbutton is set to override, the
air is extracted overboard through the extract valve
As smoke is confirmed, use the OXYGEN MASKS and which is partially open. The extract fan continues to
establish crew communication. run.
- Select the OXYGEN MASK.
CABIN FANS
Avoid the use of interphone position to minimize the
interference from oxygen mask breathing noise.
Stop the cabin fans to prevent smoke from entering
into the cockpit and cabin.
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GENERATOR 1
As smoke is still perceptible, it is necessary to act
on the electrical system. The following actions allow
the normal electrical network to be shed to isolate
the smoke source.
- Set GEN 1 LINE pushbutton to OFF position.
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SUPPLY
The Ram Air Turbine is now extended and the emergency
generator is connected to keep the aircraft essential
electrical network supplied.
Notice that the emergency generator parameters are
displayed on the ECAM.
GENERATOR 2
With the emergency generator running, the engine 2 and
APU generators have to be switched off in order to
isolate the normal electrical network. Engine
generator 1 must be kept running for fuel pump
operation.
- Set GEN 2 pushbutton to OFF.
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EMERGENCY CONFIGURATION
As both engine generators have been disconnected, the
electrical system is now in emergency configuration
and the lower ECAM display is no longer supplied.
Land as soon as possible observing the emergency
procedure.
The avionics smoke procedure has now been completed.
TMUFIAC01-T05 LEVEL 3
UFD4200
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CONTENTS:
Smoke Detector
TMUFIRP01 LEVEL 3
UFD4200
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SMOKE DETECTOR
IDENTIFICATION
FIN: 1WA
LOCATION
ZONE:128
IONIZATION PRINCIPLE
COMPONENT DESCRIPTION
The smoke detector is based on the ionization
principle.
It ionizes the air particles that pass between the
electrodes. As smoke causes the electrical resistance
of the circuit to increase, the voltage in the
measurement chamber increases to a higher level than
the reference chamber and at a set difference level,
the detector sends a signal to the AEVC.
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CONTENTS:
General
Smoke Detectors
Smoke Detection Control Unit (SDCU)
Warnings
Disch Pushbutton
Bottle
Test Pushbutton
Self Examination
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smoke detectors in case of a single detection. When lights come on when the fire extinguishing bottle is
only one cargo smoke detector detects smoke, the SDCU discharged. Both DISCH lights come on when the fire
checks the second detector automatically. extinguishing bottle is discharged.
- If this test shows a normal operation of the
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BOTTLE
TEST PUSHBUTTON
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SELF EXAMINATION
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26 - FIRE PROTECTION
CONTENTS:
Smoke Detectors
Smoke Detection Control Unit (SDCU)
Smoke Warnings
Self Examination
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SMOKE DETECTORS
SMOKE WARNINGS
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SELF EXAMINATION
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26 - FIRE PROTECTION
CONTENTS:
General
Lavatory Smoke
Lavatory Fault
Cargo Smoke (Option)
Cargo Fault (Option)
Bottle Fault
Smoke Detection Control Unit (SDCU) Fault
Self Examination
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The cargo and lavatory smoke detectors are connected When a lavatory smoke detector failure is detected by
to both channels of the Smoke Detection Control Unit the SDCU, the faulty detector is automatically isolated
(SDCU) via a safety two wire data and supply bus working from the loop.
following the closed loop principle. The lavatory detection fault is indicated in the
Note that the cargo fire protection is optional and cockpit and the cabin.
independent for each compartment but cargo fire The inoperative lavatory smoke detector is indicated
extinguishing requires smoke detection. to:
- The CFDIU, for maintenance purposes.
LAVATORY SMOKE - The FWC, for ECAM indication.
- The CIDS directors, for the Forward Attendant
When lavatory smoke is detected, the Smoke Detection Panel amber CIDS CAUT light and the Programming
Control Unit (SDCU) provides the SMOKE warning signal and Test Panel (PTP) indication.
to the cockpit and to the cabin.
When smoke is detected in a lavatory, the following NOTE: With CIDS CAUT light ON, the CIDS SYSTEM STATUS
warnings are activated: page on the PTP must be interrogated to find the
- In the cockpit, through the Flight Warning affected lavatory.
Computers (FWCs), the repetitive chime, the
MASTER WARN flashing light and ECAM message.
Note that an option disables all lavatory
warnings in the cockpit.
- In the cabin, through the Cabin
Intercommunication Data System (CIDS)
directors, the triple chime, the SMOKE LAV
light on the Forward Attendant Panel, the red
flashing light and clear message on the
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When cargo smoke is detected, the SDCU provides the When an internal failure of the SDCU is detected, a
SMOKE warning signal to the cockpit through the Flight SDCU fault warning signal is sent to the cockpit.
Warning Computers (FWC). In case of failure of one channel, the smoke detection
When smoke is detected in one compartment, (AFT shown is still ensured by the remaining channel.
as example), the following warnings are activated: In case of failure of both channels, the fault is
- The repetitive chime, the MASTER WARN light, displayed on the ECAM, accompanied by the single chime
the ECAM message and the SMOKE light on the and MASTER CAUT light. The failure is also indicated
CARGO SMOKE panel. to the CFDIU.
CARGO FAULT
BOTTLE FAULT
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SELF EXAMINATION
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26 - FIRE PROTECTION
CONTENTS:
Cargo Smoke Detection
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CONTENTS:
Cargo Smoke Procedure
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26 - FIRE PROTECTION
CONTENTS:
Lavatory Smoke Warnings
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CONTENTS:
Waste Bin Fire Extinguisher
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CARGO AND LAVATORY FIRE PROTECTION: LAVATORY WASTE BIN FIRE EXTINGUISHING SYSTEM
PRESENTATION
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CARGO AND LAVATORY FIRE PROTECTION: LAVATORY WASTE BIN FIRE EXTINGUISHING SYSTEM
PRESENTATION
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26 - FIRE PROTECTION
CONTENTS:
System Status
LAV Smoke Sys Fail
System Status (Next Page)
Maintenance
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- CLASS 3 FAULT
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CONTENTS:
General
Fire Bottle
Discharge Cartridge
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DISCHARGE CARTRIDGE
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26 - FIRE PROTECTION
CONTENTS:
Lavatory Smoke Detectors
Cargo Smoke Detectors
Smoke Detection Control Unit (SDCU)
Cargo Fire Bottle
Extinguishing Nozzles
Waste Bin Extinguisher
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IDENTIFICATION
FIN: 1WQ,
4WQ,
5WQ
LOCATIONS
FWD LAVATORY A, ZONE 221,
AFT LAVATORY D, ZONE 261,
AFT LAVATORY E, ZONE 261
COMPONENT DESCRIPTION
The smoke detector operates on the principle of reverse
scattered light.
SMOKE DETECTOR
The light source, the labyrinth and the photocell are
arranged in a horizontal plane so that the photocell
cannot receive light.
But when there is smoke, the smoke particles reflect
and diffuse part of the light beam.
The photocell receives this light and gives an analog
signal and triggers the alarms.
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IDENTIFICATION
FIN: 1WH, 2WH,
3WH, 4WH,
5WH, 6WH
LOCATIONS
FWD CARGO COMPARTMENT, ZONE 132,
AFT CARGO COMPARTMENT, ZONE 151,
BULK CARGO COMPARTMENT, ZONE 161
COMPONENT DESCRIPTION
Refer to lavatory smoke detection components.
Note that the cargo smoke detection system is optional
and independent for each compartment.
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IDENTIFICATION
FIN: 10WQ
LOCATION
ZONE: 122, RACK 94VU
COMPONENT DESCRIPTION
The SDCU has two channels, which make it a fail-safe
unit. The system will operate normally if one channel
fails. The Built In Test Equipment (BITE) detects and
isolates failures in the SCDU. It also makes sure that
the smoke detectors operate correctly. Most of the
system functions are monitored continuously.
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CARGO AND LAVATORY FIRE PROTECTION - COMPONENTS - SMOKE DETECTION CONTROL UNIT (SDCU)
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IDENTIFICATION IDENTIFICATION
FIN: 4005WX The cargo fire bottle has no FIN
LOCATION LOCATION
FWD CARGO COMPARTMENT, ZONE 132 ZONE : 132, 151, 161
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CARGO AND LAVATORY FIRE PROTECTION - COMPONENTS - CARGO FIRE BOTTLE - EXTINGUISHING
NOZZLES
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IDENTIFICATION
The waste bin extinguishers have no FIN
LOCATIONS
FWD LAVATORY A, ZONE 221
AFT LAVATORY D, ZONE 261
AFT LAVATORY E, ZONE 261
COMPONENT DESCRIPTION
The lavatory fire extinguisher bottle is installed above
each lavatory waste bin and it’s a complety automatic and
a self contained system.
At a temperature of approx. 79 °C (174°F) of the waste
bin area, it opens the release mecanism.
It is charged with between 100 and 130 g of halon 1301,
which is nontoxic.
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CONTENTS:
Location
Description
Utilization
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LOCATION
DESCRIPTION
UTILIZATION
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26 - FIRE PROTECTION
CONTENTS:
Smoke Detection Control Unit (SDCU)
Last Leg Report
On Ground Faults
Wiring Report
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ON GROUND FAULTS
- This item presents all class failures on ground
with the date of the last occurance of the
failure and the associated trouble shooting
data of each failure.
WIRING REPORT
- This item indicates the affected area if a
wiring failure on the smoke detector
bus-system is recognized.
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