Project Title Mini Project Designed Naqib Ullah

Description: Structure Design of Bridge Reg No: CU-777-2015

Design Code: ACI & AASHTO LRFD
DATA INPUT
A Plan

B Dimensions

Spacing of Beams S 8 ft
Span of Beam Lb/L 90 ft
Thickness of Bitumen Tb 3 in
Thickness of slab ts 8 in
Assume Depth of beam = (0.7xSpan) h 63 in
Assume Width of beam bf 30 in
Assume Thickness of web (will be varified from shear requirement) bw 15 in
Assume h1 in Figure h1 7 in
Assume h2 in Figure h2 7 in
dp 59 in
d 61 in
ec 27.5 in
ee 0 in

bf = 30
C Section 0.85fc'
h1 = 7
a= 5.50 C
h2 = 7

h = 63 d = 61
bw dp = 59 Mn

As
Apsfps

Aps Asfy

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 D Material Properties
Ultimate Tensile Strength of tendon fpu 270 ksi
initial Stress Assum 10% Losses fpi 243 Ksi
Effective Stress of tendon Assume 18% Losses fpe 221.4 ksi
fpy = 0.85xfpu fpy 229.50 ksi
Concrete 28 Days Crushing Strength fc' 6 ksi
Initial Concrete Strength fci' = 0.7 fc' fci' 4.2 ksi
Yield Strength of Steel fy 60 ksi
Unit weight of concrete gconcrete 150 lb/ft3
Unit weight of Bitumen gBitumen 130 lb/ft3

DESIGN CALCULATIONS
E Loads

Live load on slab L.L Slab 20 lb/ft2

Live load on Beam = (Live Load x Spacing of Beam) = (80x8) L.L Beam 160 lb/ft
Live Load of front wheels of truck P1 S8 k S 
Live Load of middle wheels of truck P2 0 .2  32  k 
Live Load of Rear wheels of truck P3
3600
32
 10700 
k
Truck Live Load Factor LF 1.6
Factored Live Load of front wheels of truck P1 Factored 13 k
Factored Live Load of middle wheels of truck P2 Factored 51 k
Factored Live Load of Rear wheels of truck P3 Factored 51 k
Distance between front and middle wheels L1 14 ft
Distance between middle and rear wheels L2 14 ft
Critical Distance of front wheel from left support XA 31 ft
Load of Slab = (thikness of slab x spacing b/w Beam x gconcrete) w Slab 800 lb/ft
Lane Load = 3.1 KN/m2 OR 20 lb/ft2 w Lane 197 lb/ft
Railing Load = 5% of (Slab+ Girder Load) w Railing 111 lb/ft
Load of Bitumen = (thikness of Bitumen x spacing b/w Beam x g Bitumen) w Bitumen 260 lb/ft
Load of beam = ((2xbfxh1)+(bwx(bf-2xh2))+(4*(bf-bw)*h2/2)) x gconcrete/144 w Beam 1422 lb/ft
Total Dead Load w Total 2790 lb/ft
Utimate Factored Distributed Load = (1.2D.L) WSD 3.35 kip/ft

F Load Distribution Factor (g) For Single Design Lane

Kg Kg = 4x109 <=Kg <= 3x1012 1.00E+12

Live Load Disctribution factor for Moment C.L. g 0.72
R=72k
8k 32k 32k
x= 31 14ft 14ft

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 90ft

Figure - 01
Applied Moment on beam due to dead load = wl2/8 x 12 Mu1 40675.5 Kip-in
Applied Moment on beam due to Truck Load Mu2 25694.9 Kip-in
Design Moment (Mu2 x Distribution Factor) Mu2LL 18455.8 Kip-in
Total Applied Moment = (Mu=Mu1+Mu2) Mu 59131.3 Kip-in
f 0.9
Nominal Moment Mn 65701 Kip-in
Required Area of Compression concrete = Ac' = Mn/(0.68xfc'xh) Ac' 256 in2

E Flexure Design

Area of Comression block Provided = (bfxh1)+(bwxh2))+(2*(bf-bw)*h2/2) Ac provided 420 in2

Area of Pre-stress steel = Mn/(0.72xfpuxh) Aps 5.36 in2

Use (1/2)" f Strands `

X-Sectional Area of 7 Wire Strand Astrand 0.153 in2
No of Strands = Aps/Astrand No's 35.06 No's
Try No of Strands No's 35 No's
So
Area of pre-stressed steel 35 x0.153 Aps 5.36 in2
Mild Steel
# Bar # 9
No's of bars No's 2
4
Area of bar = pi x d /pi A 0.99 in2
Total Area of mild steel = (No's of bars x Area of bar) AT 1.99 in2
Average depth of flange = hf = h1 + h2/2 hf 10.50 in
fpe = fpu/2 fpe 135 ksi
(IF(fps<fpe,"Use ACI Aproximat Proceedure","Not Used") Check Use ACI Aproximat Proceedure
Bonded Case
ρp Aps/bdP ρp 0.0030
w As/bd x (fy/fc') w 0.0109
Ɣp Ɣp 0.55
fps = fpu(1-Ɣp/β1(ρp*fpu/fc'+d/dp(w-w'))) fps S 2 .0 241 Ksi
S  
0 .2   
Depth of compression block = a = Apsfps+Asfy/(0.85*fc'*b) 3600 a 10700
  5.50 in
(IF(a<hf,"Rectangular Beam Analysis,"T BeamAnalysis")
Select Rectangular Beam Analysis
Now
Fluxure Capacity
Mn = Aps fps(dp-a/2)+ As fy(d-a/2) Mn 79484 k-in
Check OK
Initial Pre-Stressing force
Effective Pre-stressing Force Pi 1301.27 k
Area of cocrete Pe 1185.60 k
Area of Pre-Stress Steel 2*Acf+(h-2*(h+h2))*(bw) Ag 1365.00 in2
Ecentricity at end ee 0.00 in
Ecentricity at center ec 27.50 in
Gross Moment of Inertia Ig 478117.50 in4
Section Modulus S 15178.33 in3
Moment due to Self Load at mid span MD 20730.94 k-in
Moment due to Self Load at 50 x dia of Strand MD @ 50 dia 1872.17 k-in
Moment due to S.I.D.L MSD 19944.60 k-in
Moment due to S.I.L.L ML 18455.81 k-in
Initai Allowable Concrete Strength 0.6 fci' 2.52 Ksi
Allowable Concrete Strength at service 0.45fc' 2.70 Ksi

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 Modulus of Rupture of concrete at transfer 6√fci' 0.39 Ksi
Modulus of Rupture of concrete at service 12√fc' 0.93 Ksi

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 Check Stresses

Stresses (ksi) Transfer point at release Mid span at release Mid span at service
fb ft fb ft fb ft
P/A -0.95 -0.95 -0.95 -0.95 -0.87 -0.87
Pe/S 0.00 0.00 -2.36 2.36 -2.15 2.15
MD/S 0.12 -0.12 1.37 -1.37 1.37 -1.37
MSD/S 1.31 -1.31
ML/S 1.22 -1.22
Total -0.83 -1.08 -1.95 0.04 0.88 -2.62
Allowable -2.52 -2.52 -2.52 0.39 0.93 -2.70
Check OK OK OK OK OK OK

G Shear Design

Applied Shear V 215.18 Kips

Ultimate Shear Vu 198.72 Kips
Live Load Disctribution factor for Shear g 0.83
Design Shear (Vu x Distribution Factor) Vu*g 164.03 Kips
Shear Capacity of Concrete = (2*SQRT(fc')*bw*d) Vc 137.10 Kips
Factored Shear Capacity of Concrete ɸ= 0.75 ɸVc 102.83 Kips
1/2*ɸVc 51.41 Kips
Required ɸVs 61.20 Kips
Shear Reinforcement
IF(Vug>1/2*ɸVc,"Shear Reinforcement Required","Not Required") Check
Required
IF(Vug<=ɸVc," Min Reinforcement Required","Calculate ɸVs") Check Calculate ɸVs
Required Shear Reinforcement Av/s 0.27 sq-in/ft

H Torsion Design
Half of Truck Load 57.6 k
111.09375lb/ft 2 ft

400lb/ft

4ft h = 63 "

Applied Torsional Moment to Exterior Garder due to Railing = P xL Tu1 0.444375 k-ft
2
Applied Torsional Moment to Exterior Garder due to Overhanging Slab = wl /2 Tu2 3.2 k-ft
Applied Torsional Moment to Exterior Garder due to Truck Load Tt 115.2 k-ft
Total Applied Torsional Moment to Exterior Girder Tu 118.8 k-ft

Torsional Capacity of section Tu = f Sqrt(fc')(Acp2/Pcp)Sqrt(1-fc/fc')

fc = 0 From Auto-CAD Acp 1470.00 in2

Pcp 227.00 in
Torsional Capacity of section Tu 46 k-ft
Applied Torsional Moment< Torsional Capacity
Provide Torsional
Check
Reinforcement

Cotq = 1.00 A0h 1246.00 in2

Ph 219.00 in
A0 =0.85 x A0h A0 1059.1 in2
Torsional Reinforcement Required In Exterior Girder At/s 0.135 sq-in/ft
Total Requirement of Torsional and Shear Reinforcement
Avt/s = Av/s + 2At/s Avt/s 0.537 sq-in/ft
Check Miminum Reinforcement
Asmin = 50bws/fy Asmin 0.15 sq-in/ft
IF(Avt>Asmin,"OK","NOT OK") Check OK

Longitudnal Reinforcement AL =( At/s)Ph (fyv/fyL) cotq AL 29 in2

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 Min renforcement Almin = 5 x Acp √fc'/fy - (At/s)(fyv/fyL)(Ph) Almin 271 in2
Select Area for Reinforcement Almin + AL Mild in Fluxure Design AL Selected 273 in2

Stirrup Spacing
Assume # Bar 3 #
Area of bar per 2 Lag (2 x Ab) Ab 0.22
Stirrup Spacing for Exterior Girder s = 2Ab/Avt s 4.9 in
Stirrup Spacing for Interior Girder s = 2Ab/Av s 8.9 in
Avt = Required Combined Reinforcement area for Torsion and Shear
Av = Rquired Reinforcement area for Shear

Check Maximum Spacing

1) s =Ph/8 Smax 27.375 in
2) Smax 12 in
Check (Spacing Provided< Max Spacing Allowed, "OK","NOT OK") Check OK

I Deflection Only Servic Load Considered

fpi fpi 243.00 ksi
Area of Pre=Stress Steel Aps 5.36 in2
Initial Pre-Stressing Force Pi = fpi x Aps Pi 1301.27 K
Effective Pre-Stressing Force After Losses pe 1185.60 k
Self wt of Beam wB 1.42 k/ft
S.I.D.L wS.I.D.L 1.37 k/ft
Ecentricity at end ee 0.00 in
Ecentricity at center ec 27.50 in
Gross Moment of Inertia Ig 478117.50 in4
Modulus of Elasticity of concrete Ec 4415.20 k/in2

Immidiat Deflection
Immidiat deflection due to Pre-stress force DP = Ml2/8EI DP 2.47156 in
Immidiat deflection due to S.I.D.L DD = 5/384 x wl2/EI DD 1.951 in
Total Immidiat Deflection Dimmidiat = (DP-DD) DImmidiat 0.5206 in
Check Upward

Deflection due to Truck Live Load P 72 K

Deflection due to Live Load DP = Pl3/16EI DL.L 2.7 In

Long term Deflection (After 5 years)

Co-efficient of Creep Cc 2
DPLong Term = DP/pi*Pe (1+Cc) 6.755592 in
DDLong Term = DD/pi*Pe (1+Cc) 5.852810 in
(D P-DD) 0.902782 in
Total Deflection DT 3.1 in
Check Downward
Check DT < L/180 Check OK
J Design Summary
Pre-Stress Steel Use 35 No's - (1/2)"Dia Strands
Mild Steel Use 2 # 9 bars + 271 Bars Extra for Torsion requirement
Stirrup
Exterior Girder Use # 3 @ 4 in c/c
Interior Girder Use # 3 @ 8 in c/c

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 Annexure-A
Analysis of different Location of Truck for Maximum Moments at Mid Span

Distance of Front Wheel

Moment Reaction at A
From the Support

0 0 0
17 5441.27 220.01
17.5 5444.47 219.37
18 5447.67 218.73
18.5 5450.87 218.09
19 5454.07 217.45
19.5 5457.27 216.81
20 5460.47 216.17
20.5 5463.67 215.53
21 5466.87 214.89
21.5 5470.07 214.25
22 5473.27 213.61
22.5 5476.47 212.97
23 5479.67 212.33
23.5 5482.87 211.69
24 5486.07 211.05
24.5 5489.27 210.41
25 5492.47 209.77
25.5 5495.67 209.13
26 5498.87 208.49
26.5 5502.07 207.85
27 5505.27 207.21
27.5 5508.47 206.57
28 5511.67 205.93
28.5 5514.87 205.29
29 5518.07 204.65
29.5 5521.27 204.01
30 5524.47 203.37
30.5 5527.67 202.73
31 5530.87 202.09

See Figure - 01
 Analysis of Different Location of Truck for Maximum Shear at d Distance from the Support

Uniform Distributed Load on Beam w 3.35 k/ft

Point Load of Front Wheel P1 8 k
Point Load of Middle Wheel P2 32 k
Point Load of Back Wheel P3 32 k
Distance b/w Front & Middle Wheel L1 14 ft
Distance b/w Middle & Back Wheel L2 14 ft
Length of Beam L 90 ft

XA RA
0 158.65 k
XA = Distance of Front Wheel From Support 1 158.56 k
RA = Reaction at Support 2 158.47 k
3 158.38 k
4 158.29 k
For maximum Shear 5 158.21 k
6 158.12 k
C.L. 7 158.03 k
8 157.94 k
32k 32k 8k 9 157.85 k
10 157.76 k
11 157.67 k
12 157.58 k
90ft 13 157.49 k
28ft 14 189.41 k
215.18 k 15 188.96 k
16 188.52 k
Figure - 02 17 188.07 k
18 187.63 k
19 187.18 k
20 186.74 k
21 186.29 k
22 185.85 k
23 185.41 k
24 184.96 k
25 184.52 k
26 184.07 k
27 183.63 k
Max Reaction Value when Front Wheel at 28 ft from the 28 215.18 k
Support and Back Wheel at Support
29 214.38 k
30 213.58 k
31 212.78 k
32 211.98 k
33 211.18 k
34 210.38 k
35 209.58 k
36 208.78 k
37 207.98 k
38 207.18 k
39 206.38 k
40 205.58 k
41 204.78 k
42 203.98 k
 43 203.18 k
44 202.38 k
45 201.58 k
46 200.78 k
47 199.98 k
48 199.18 k
49 198.38 k
50 197.58 k
51 196.78 k
52 195.98 k
53 195.18 k
54 194.38 k
55 193.58 k
56 192.78 k
57 191.98 k
58 191.18 k
59 190.38 k
60 189.58 k
61 188.78 k
62 187.98 k
63 187.18 k
64 186.38 k
65 185.58 k
66 184.78 k
67 183.98 k
68 183.18 k
69 182.38 k
70 181.58 k
71 180.78 k
72 179.98 k
73 179.18 k
74 178.38 k
75 177.58 k
76 176.78 k
77 175.98 k
78 175.18 k
79 174.38 k
80 173.58 k
81 172.78 k
82 171.98 k
83 171.18 k
84 170.38 k
85 169.58 k
86 168.78 k
87 167.98 k
88 167.18 k
89 166.38 k
90 165.58 k
Maximum Reaction at Support 215.18 k
Shear at Distance d from Support 198.72 k
 15780.5
175.3389