DIGNITY AND INTEORITY OF PROFESSION
15
CHAPTER 2
OF
DIGNITY AND INTEGRITY
PROFESSION
OF CONDUCT AND FEES)
(CoDE
under the Architects Act,
The Council of Architecture incorporated
credit. Out of the above at
1972 has got a number of publications to its
studied:
the students' level atleast the following be
1989.
(a) Architects (Professional Conduct) Regulations,
b) Architectural Competitions Guidelines.
Section 3(1) of
Council of Architecture has been constituted as per
and powers.
the Architects Act, 1972 and it has a number of functions
Section 45 provides for the said powers of the Council to make regula
tions for architectural education, standards of professional conduct and
on
the
etiquette and code of ethics. Thus, the Council's own regulations
code of professional conduct, architectural competitions and profes-
slonal charges which ill have a binding force on all the registered
architects.
The Code of Professional Conducet Forming Index to Uphold the
Dignity and Integrity of the Profession
The Architect is a person who creates speaking monuments out of
nothing. He has not to be an artist alone but also an administrator and
somethingof a lawyer. Besides owing duties to his clients, fellow brqthers
and employees if any, he owes a duty to the society in generall In this
complexity of duties certain rules of behaviour called the ode of
Conduct are absolutely essential and the architect without Code of
Conduct will resemble a rudderless ship. In exercise of the powers
conferred by Section 45 of the Architects Act, 1972. the Council ofArchl-
tecture has published the regulations
dealing with the professional
conduct which regulations are known as "Architects (Professional Con
duct) Regulations, 1989.
It is a comprehensive code
pinpointing the extent of duties of the
architect to the
society. client, fellow brothers, etc., and sets out in detall
architect's behaviour and/or approach to the various
problems coming
from various directions. It is the code of conduct or rules of behaviour in
profession which will generate not only confidence in the archltect but
a
inculcate in him self-discipline and make him well
eficient architect. It should be remembered that a true respected
professional 1s
one who is held in
high esteem by his own professional brothers and if
he is condemned by his own
professional
tect will have to set in motiona heart
brothers. perhaps that archi
he has gone wrong.
searching exercise to fnd out where
Architect and Society
1. He must ensure that his
professional activitles do not conflict
with his general responsibility to contribute to thequality of the environ
ment and future welfare of the soclety.
2 . He shall apply his skill to the creative, responsible and economic
development of our country.
He has to promote the advancement of architecture, standards of
archltectural education, research, training and practice.
4. He must conduct himself in a manner which is not derogatory to
his professional character, nor likely to lessen the confidence of the
public in profession, nor bring architects into disrepute.
5 . When working in other countries he must observe the re-
where he is
quirements of codes of conduct applicable to the place
working.
Architect and Cllent
The clientis the life line of the Architect and he must have a client
to set his professional wheel in motion. So far as the client is concerned
the take-off point commences with a duty imposed on the architect to
provide professional services of a high standard to the best of his ability.
Other rules of conduct are as under:
I in private practice, to make know one's client about the
conditlons of engagement and scale of charges and to agree that
these conditions shall be the basis of his appointment.
the work
-Not to sub-commission another architect or architects
for which he has been commissioned without prior consent of
the client.
) He is prohibited to glve discounts, commission or other gifts or
obtain the
inducements for the introduction of the client or to
work He must maintain a high standard of integrity.and he is his
(tv) Eve though he has been appointed by the client
when
paymaster. yet he has to act with fairness and impartiality
administrating a building contract.
to
Though the Professional Conduct Regulations prohibit architect
his name to be
advertise his professional services, a s also prohibit
included in the advertisement or to be used for publicity purposes, yet
total ban but some certain
these prohibitions do not partake a s a
and exceptions have been carved as given hereunder:
three on
notice of change of address may be published
Aoccastons and correspondents may be informed by post.
 PROPRSSNAL PRACTIC8 DIGNITY AND INTBORITY OF PROFESsION
17
his oftke and a n a
Architect and his Employees, Associates
and Consultants
r enhidit his a m e cutskie
r whih he is The architect is to
c u s t r u c t i o n o r competed
An anhat Ruuxer
uaktng ether exceed 10
the ettering does n o H Provide his employees and/or associates with suitable aorsing
w san arehitert ovkid environment, compensate them airty and acilitate their
acddress o a n architect
ANertisoNatS ARdadang the n a u e and profkssional developnent
ARYNddsad a u e t m with the caltingof
tenders, staî 2 ) Recognise and respect the proessional contributions of his
atters
quaeaens and sandar employees and/or associates and/or cansultantss
with hustrations and
ay ad dis a n e v de assockated S Enter into agreement with them deâning their scope of ark.
responsibiities functions es and mode of payment
aserted n the General
R S aaUN Vapear n adertisements
mamdturers f materas used n a
R ers TheCode fiurther puts a restriction an the architect to ake anoth
ak das desRt eddis name s aetded m an
architect as apartne Tthelatter stands disq d br regstration by
thereason of the fact thathis rame bas been renoves ron teRe
aa a l w his n a e earamedurepregared by centskr underSetion 29or&ion aO of the Architects Act. 1972
On theoher hand an archinx racos as a a u e 2a
partershp îm r s n charge and is esponsbe aa a g a
ddsd rores pampdkts descridrg his egisterad under the Conpanes At 158 * the n d a t s e t e s
pene e
o sch company. e ttat d
stall ensr anerstp r
company as the case may be. cmpies wth the A e h t s a s s i r c a l
Coducd Reguktions 109
Condition of Sngement and Scale of Proasioal Rees and
Charges
when an a r t t i t ndertakts a s e s ar a y d
a d a e or may not b e ben aai upe E te s x
and y s s Te
udary may e r m a r n a l s i d
s n a k i aegi cnnissiix nkas he has esdene that
aruhitor
hs tkas te the abe and that is a prelaminar s s
s e dei may n k , an orer toekt the sarchitart,as mary
 PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE
DIONITY AND INTEGRITY OF PROFESsION 21
the project. be calculated on the estimated cost on prevailing rates. When whole or
requirements of boundaries, part of the project is later taken up for comprehenstve design, the pro
(1) Provide detalled sultable scale showing
slte plan to features including rata cost for design will be adjusted in the fee payable.
(2) Provide a correct physical
intervals, existing s t r u c t u r e s , existing
contours at suitable
existing 4. Pre-design study shall include location and stte analysis require
paths, trees, service can be
any existing roads, proposed ment analysis and environmental impact assessment and form
to which the shall the
service and utility lines all
briel for the project. The clent shall
designing provide the possible
connected. test as required by assistance and data for the study in case of complex projects like hospital
conditlons and soil
(3) Furnish reports on soll is involved such research will be
the architect.
projects where considerable research
will furnish
a Government agency, it additionally paid for or other consultants engaged for it. Demand survey
(4) In the c a s e of client being codes of practice and economic feasibility or market research studies will be separately
Schedule of rates,
Public Works Department to be
to the State, required paid for.
and other documents pertaining
5. The mode of payment and other terms and conditions shall be as
followed by the architect.
architect within one month
of submission of indicated in the appended standard Letter of Appointment which shall
(5) Pay the fees of the constitute the
bills.
Agreement between the client and the Architect, Public
architect on his Authorities or Architectural Firms are strongly recommended to adopt
observations made by the
(6) Take note of the deficiencies the Letter of Appointment.
ensure the correction of
inspections and visits and
6. It shall be the responsibility of the client to furnish accurate site
in the work pointed out by him.
a short list of approved
shall be responsible for
(7) On the advice of the architect prepare survey details described below and the architects
invite tenders, the time schedule only from the date such detalls are furnished. If any
contractors who would be allowed to tender,
the infructuous work is involved on account of wrong survey, the architect
select the contractors for the project in consultation with
shall be additionally remunerated for it.
architect.
7. As part of the services, the architects shall, from time to time,
STANDARD TERMS FOR COMPREHENSIVE ARCHITECTURAL SERVICES certify that their drawings are being correctly interpreted at site and the
1. Standard scale of fees is for comprehensive services including
finishing is of acceptable quality and in case of adverse certification the
pre-design study, architectural, structural, electrical and plumbing have
payments of the contractor shall be withheld until the defects
designs,air conditioning, heating, acooustics and interiors, if required, been rectified. In case the architectural fim is required to verify and
detailed architectural and engineering designs of all external services certify the bills of the contractors,additional fee of 1.0 per cent shall be
namely roads, sewerage, drainage, water supply, street lighting. land- payable.
scaping and graphic signage. To ensure quality work, architects will be 8. The above scale of fees is the minimum payable for services listed
engaged only on comprehensive services and partial services should be under scope of work. Architects, depending on complexity or detail, are
avoided. free to quote higher fees. 9uoting less fees and furnishing partial or
2. The fee structure is based on tendered cost of total
project incomplete services would be detrimental to the project and not in the
including site development, civil and electrical works, lifts, electric sub- interest of the client. The Government/Public Authorities have been
stations, water towers, landscaping and inter advised that if an architect has been accepting any
the projecti Where whole or part of
not executed, the fee will be on the cost calculated on
public job (except
those of social or philanthropic nature with intimation to the Council of
prevailing rates, that is, market rates or scheduled rates plus current Architecture) on low fees, the fîrm may be declared ineligible for handling
tender percentage. The see structure takes into consideration any repe any public works in future.
tition in design workas well as total volume of
work and no reduction will Note: Comprehensive architectural services will also include getting
be made on grounds of
repetition or size of It will
project. be expected that the plans approved from the statutory and/or local authorities
housing units are not repeated more thana reasonable number of times, unless otherwise speciled. Refer condition No. le) of Schedule of
say 50 to 100 and repetition is also avoided in other
sound and acceptable environmental works to promote Services.
standards. The practice of develop-
ing standard designs and planning them all over the QUIDELINES
totally discouraged. country will be An architecet carrles responsibility on account of the confidence
3. The services included in
avoL1t hu1A1 urban design will be pre-desien study placed in his judgement and integrity. He must possess adequate skil
 PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE
22 DIGNITY AND INTEORITY OF PROFEssION
23
and construction
supervise the erection of such buildings. The planning (2) All loor and roof plans, scale1: 100.
relationship between the Architect (3) All elevations, scale 1: 10o.
a
of building requires a close working the following basic skllls in a n
and the client. The client expects (4) Sections through all major spaces: scale 1: 100.
Architect: (5) Sections and larger details of all typical and special areas: scale
and skills required to 1:50.
(1) An expert knowledge of the techniques
carry out the design. (6) Large-scale plans and section of stairs, ramps and lifts: scale
functions of the
(2) A thorough understanding of thepurposes and 1:50.
(7) Large-scale plans, elevations and sections of toilets,kitchens
building to be erected. and other regulations
(3) A working knowledge of the Act, Bye-laws pantries, showing fixtures, counters, tiles, scale 1:50.
(8) Schedule of doors and windows and grills, schedule of hardware.
affecting buildings.
(4) The ability to advise o n costs. (9) Full/half scale door, window details, including fixing arrangement
to construction details
(5) Skills in the preparation drawings. plans and speciflcations
of (10) Reflected celling plans (if required) celling
at the most (co-ordinated with lighting and HVAC).
e n s u r e that the building will fulfill all requirements
economic cost. details of fixed furniture, scale
(11) Plans, elevations/sections and
to the design and construction of the
(6) The ability superintend 1:25.
buiiding. (12) Interior elevations (tf required).
(7) The ability to issue certificate of payment. details including paving. planters, roads,
(13) Landscape plans and
horticulture site drainage, sewerage and lighting.
The Council of Architecture has prescribed the conditions of e n -
Architect. The conditions cast a co-ordinated with relevant structure air-condi
gagement and the fces payable to the Note: (1) All drawings to be
to e n s u r e that the design evolved by
grave responsibility on the architect tioning electrical, plumbing drawings.
be social housing etc. floor plans/eleva
him is capable of being built. It is necessary that drawings must (2) For small simple buldings,
complete and adequate for the purposes; in general: scale 1 : 50.
tions, sections,
information, scale 1: 25.
Stair, toilet and kitchen detalls layout
(a) Sizes of drawings and format should be standardized.
ASSIGNMENT
(b) Scale, lettering, annotation, dimensiontng and degree of detail EXECUTIoN OF THE
architect and the
should be consistent. shall be completed by the
1. All the stages of work time schedule
(c) Subjects and formation should be sultable grouped. the clients according to the
necessary approval given by period of
(d) All required information should be glven, without unnecessary The works throughout the stipulated
mutually agreed upon. time being the e s s e n c e
of the
repetition andirrelevant information excluded. out with diligence,
contract will be carried
e) There should be adequate cross reference and interrelation contract. clients
architect's firm closing
its business, the
between drawings. 2. In the event of work
to complete the
any other agency
Scale, in general to be 1:100 for main floor plans, elevations and shall have the power to employ architect upto the stage
of service
sections. For detailed sections and large-scale detalls of critical been made to the
after payment has
and spectal areas, scale to be 1:50 and 1:25. For small plots and then in progress.
the architect to complete
soctal housing loor plans, sections, elevations, etc., at 1:50 and failure o n the part of make payments
3. In the event of the approval and or
all details 1:25. clients to glve their event of either of
his work o r the schedule or in the
time
specifled in the terms and
m o r e of the
It is difñcult to within the time of any o n e or to
a breach
quantily the drawings required for each project, as
the parties committing shall be entitled
it would depend upon the complexity of the project. However, the the aggrieved party
conditions of the agreement, claim damages
following list of Architectural drawings could be a guide for the prepara without prejudice
to its rights to
notice to be given
to rescind the
tlon of drawings. rescind this Agreement
under the law. The
perkod of
o r remedies
c o n t r a c t will
be 30 days.
Architectural Drawing designs, outline specifca
prepare drawings, a r e a basis
on
m e a s u r e m e n t s or o n
-
4. The architect shall cubic
(1) Site plan showing all major site features, bullding locatlon. estimates of cost by
levels, surrounding roads, demolition required; north point, tons and
scale 1:200.
 PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE
24 DIGNITY AND INTEORITY OF PROPESSION 25
schedule of rates of the executing agency plus tender percentage and/or draft
on Bureau of Indian Standards ISI) stage. Any subsequent revislons in the drawings and doeuments
(previously specifications and per once approved required to be made by client shall
requirement. In the absence of rate in the aforesaid schedule of rates, the additlonal services rendered by the architect.
be compensated as
same shall be arrtved at by actual analysls.
16. No change shall be made in the
5. The architect will advise the clients on the time and progress approved drawtngs and specifl
chart prepared by the contractors for the completion of the work, if cations at site without the consent of the architect.
required. 17. The drawings and documents a s instruments of
specifications
service are the property of the architect whether the
6. Appoint consultants in consultation with the
client. The architect project for which
they are made to be executed or not. They are not to be used for any other
however shall be responsible for the direction and integration of the
consultant's work. Consultants shall be solely for the project except with the written consent of the architect.
responslble com
petency and the detailed design and supervision of the work entrusted to 18. The client shall have the liberty to
postpone or not to execute any
them. work and the architect shall not be entitled to any compensation for non-
7. The architect must have the authority of his cllent before execution of the work except the fees which are payable to the architect
initiating any stage of his duties. upto the stage of service then in progress.
8. The architect shall assume full responsibility for the design and
STANDARD SCALE OF REMUNERATION FOR coM REHENSIVE
specifications for items described in the scope of work. The clients will
ARCHITECTURAL 8ERVICES
have full access to the details of the calculatings and the structural
designs for purpose of scrutiny for satisfying themselves as to thelr Mintmum Fees
correctness. The structural engineers of the architect will render all as Percentage
possible help for the above scrutiny. of Tendered
Type of Project Scope of Work Cost
9. The architect shall supply to the clients free of cost four sets of
final 2 of the agreement, eight sets of all drawings, 1. Urban design. Pre-design study, bulding forms, 1.0
drawings at Stage
speciications and other particulars in Stages 3 to 8. Any additional sets volumes and archltectural land-
required by the clients shall be paid for on actual cost basis. scape, street furniture and sig-
nage controls but excluding
10.On completion of the work, the architect wll prepare and submit design of service.
two sets of as built drawings (one set on reproduction prints) of the
bulldings and services. 2. Site development, Pre-design study, layout and serv 2.5
11. The architect shall advice cient regarding the work under housing all types ioe design. pre-design study, lay-
visits to but excluding out, architectural structural elec
execution during the site and submit perlodie reports on his
The responsibility for implementatlon of this advice shall hlgh rlse flats. trlcal and plumbing destgns, air
observations.
be of client. conditlonng heating and acous
tic if needed, detalled engineer
external serv.
12. The architect shall not make any deviation, alteration or
omis
sion from the approved drawings. Involving înancial implicatlons with
ing designs of all
ices namely roads, sewerage
out prior consent of client.
dralnaget water supply. street
13. The architect shall be compensated actual
expenses incurred lighting and compound wall,
landscaplng of graphlc signage
during extended period of contract, if construction period runs beyond and certiylng from time-to-time
12 months of the completion perlod a s per construction contract.
that designs are belng correctly
14. The architect shall exerctse all reasonable skill, care and
interpreted and fIntshingls ofac-
diligence in the discharge of his duties and shall exerclee general ceptable quality.
superindence and inspection in regard to such works as may be neces. 5.0
3. All other bulld All servlces listed under 2 above
sar to ensure that works are betng executed in accordance with contract
ings project. (site development, housing) in
documents and shall endeavour to guard the owner
against the defects cluding tnterlors ifinterlors
and deficiencles tn the work of the contractor. are part of comprehenslve ser
15. The architect shall make vice.
necessary revislons as may be required
by client in the drawings and other documents submitted by him at the