THE PASSIVE VOICE

Simple present perfect-actions that occurred in an ‘’open’’period of

time(today,this week,this month,this year)
-actions closed in a moment close to
present(recently,lately,just)

ACTIVE PASSIVE
Aff. They have bought a new house this year. A new house has been
bought by them.
Neg.They haven’t bought a new house this year A new house hasn’t
been bought by them.
Int.Have they bought a new house this year? Has a new house been
bought by them?

Aff. She has just washed the dishes. The dishes have just
been washed by her.
Neg.She hasn’t washed the dishes yet. The dishes haven’t
been washed by her yet.
Int.Has she washed the dishes yet? Have the dishes been
washed by her yet?

Continuous Present Perfect-actions begun in the past and going on up

to the present moment
Aff.He has been planting flowers Flowers have been being
since morning.
Neg.He hasn’t been planting flowers….. Flowers haven’t been
being planted since morning
Int.Ha she been planting flowers……? Have flowers been being
planted?

Simple Past Perfect –action finished before another finished action in

the past

Aff.I had found the news before you came. The news had been found
before you came.
Neg. I hadn’t found the news before you came. The news hadn’t been
found
Int.Had I found the news before you came? Had the news been
found before…?

Continuous Past Perfect-action begun in the past going up to another

moment in the past
Aff. He had been selling books for a Books had been being sold by
him
living.
Neg.He hadn’t been selling books for… Books hadn’t been being
sold….

Int.Had he been selling books…..? Had books been being sold….?

Simple Future

Aff. They will buy a new house. A new house will be bought …..
Neg.They won’t buy a new house. A new house won’t be bought…
Int.Will they buy a new house? Will a new house be bought by
them?

‘’Going to’’Future-plans,intention

Aff.They are going to wash the dishes. The dishes are going to be
washed.
Neg.They aren’t going to wash dishes. The dishes aren’t going to be
washed.
Int.Are they going to wash the dishes? Are the dishes going to be
washed?
Continuous Future-actions in progress in the future

Aff.He will be reading a book. A book will be being read by him.

Neg.He won’t be reading a book. A book won’t be being read by him.
Int.Will he be reading a book? Will a book be being read by him?

Perfect Future-actions seen as finished on a moment in the future(voi fi

citit,voi fi mancat)

Aff.He will have read a book.
Neg.He won’t have read a book.
him.
Int.Will he have read a book?
him?
A book will have been read by him.
A book won’t have been read by
Will a book have been read by

Once again:Passive Voice is mostly used in formal texts,very seldom in

everyday speech.