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Input data
Project
Date : 19.10.2020
Settings
Austria - EN 1997
Materials and standards
Concrete structures : EN 1992-1-1 (EC2)
Coefficients EN 1992-1-1 : standard
Wall analysis
Active earth pressure calculation : Coulomb
Passive earth pressure calculation : Caquot-Kerisel
Earthquake analysis : Mononobe-Okabe
Shape of earth wedge : Calculate as skew
Allowable eccentricity : 0.333
Verification methodology : according to EN 1997
Design approach : 2 - reduction of actions and resistances
Partial factors on actions (A)
Permanent design situation
Unfavourable Favourable
Permanent actions : gG = 1.35 [–] 1.00 [–]
Variable actions : gQ = 1.50 [–] 0.00 [–]
Water load : gw = 1.35 [–]
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Partial factors for resistances (R)
Seismic design situation
Partial factor on bearing capacity : gRe = 1.00 [–]
Stability analysis
Verification methodology : according to EN 1997
Design approach : 3 - reduction of actions (GEO, STR) and soil parameters
Partial factors on actions (A)
Permanent design situation
State STR State GEO
Unfavourable Favourable Unfavourable Favourable
Permanent actions : gG = 1.35 [–] 1.00 [–] 1.00 [–] 1.00 [–]
Variable actions : gQ = 1.50 [–] 0.00 [–] 1.30 [–] 0.00 [–]
Water load : gw = 1.00 [–]
Depth Coordinate
No.
z [m] x [m]
1 0.00 0.00
2 18.00 -3.17
Type of nails
Tensile strength Pull out resistance Nail head strength
No. Name Nail type
Rt [kN] Tp [kN/m] Rf [kN]
1 GEWI D=32 mm GEWI D=32 mm 402.00 65.97 300.84
Geometry of nails
Overall number of nails - 12
Inclination of nails from horizontal dir. = 10.00 °
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Distance to
Depth Length Spacing Type of nail
Nail bench
[m] [m] [m] [m]
1 0.75 0.75 6.00 1.80 GEWI D=32 mm
2 2.25 0.75 8.00 1.80 GEWI D=32 mm
3 3.50 0.75 10.00 1.80 GEWI D=32 mm
4 5.00 0.75 10.00 1.80 GEWI D=32 mm
5 6.50 0.75 12.00 1.80 GEWI D=32 mm
6 8.00 0.75 12.00 1.80 GEWI D=32 mm
7 9.50 0.75 12.00 1.80 GEWI D=32 mm
8 11.00 0.75 12.00 1.80 GEWI D=32 mm
9 12.50 0.75 10.00 1.80 GEWI D=32 mm
10 14.00 0.75 10.00 1.80 GEWI D=32 mm
11 15.50 0.75 8.00 1.80 GEWI D=32 mm
12 17.00 1.00 6.00 1.80 GEWI D=32 mm
Material of structure
Analysis of concrete structures carried out according to the standard EN 1992-1-1 (EC2).
Concrete : C 20/25
Cylinder compressive strength fck = 20.00 MPa
Tensile strength fctm = 2.20 MPa
Longitudinal steel : B420
Yield strength fyk = 420.00 MPa
Soil parameters
Trakya Formation
Unit weight : g = 20.50 kN/m3
Stress-state : effective
Angle of internal friction : jef = 33.00 °
Cohesion of soil : cef = 20.00 kPa
Angle of friction struc.-soil : d = 22.00 °
Soil : cohesive
Poisson's ratio : n = 0.40
Saturated unit weight : gsat = 21.00 kN/m3
Terrain profile
Terrain behind the structure is flat.
Water influence
Ground water table is located below the structure.
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No. Name
1 Surcharge
Settings of the stage of construction
Design situation : permanent
Internal stability
Analysis No. 1 (Stage of construction 1)
Plane slip surface after optimization :
Slip surface angle = 39.00 °
Origin of slip surface at a depth of = 18.00 m
Gravity force = 5132.84 kN/m
Overall force carried by nails behind slip surf. = 1373.75 kN/m
Forces on slip surf. driving (grav.force) = 3230.20 kN/m
Forces on slip surf. driving (pressure) = 0.00 kN/m
Forces on slip surf. resist. (soil) = 3068.64 kN/m
Forces on slip surf. resist. (nails) = 901.26 kN/m
Resisting force = 3969.90 kN/m > 3230.20 kN/m = shear force.
Stability of slip surface is SATISFACTORY
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Moment Norm. force Shear Force
No.
[kNm/m] [kN/m] [kN/m]
1 -14503.51 4133.58 309.65
Dimensioning No. 1 (Stage of construction 1)
Input data
Mesh type : AQ100 (10,0x10,0/100x100 [mm])
Area of horizontal reinforcement Ahor = 2 x 785.4 mm2/m
Area of vertical reinforcement Avert = 2 x 785.4 mm2/m
Distance of mesh center from back side h1 = 50.0 mm
Distance of mesh center from front face h2 = 50.0 mm
Dimensioning of concrete cover
Vertical direction - back
Position of neutral axis x = 0.03 m < 0.13 m = xmax
Ultimate moment MRd = 54.28 kNm/m > 22.52 kNm/m = MEd
Cross-section is SATISFACTORY.
Design principles
Reinforcement ratio r = 0.39 % > 0.14 % = rmin
Cross-section is SATISFACTORY.
Verification on shear
Ultimate shear force VRd = 95.41 kN/m > 63.53 kN/m = VEd
Cross-section is SATISFACTORY.
Terrain profile
Terrain behind the structure is flat.
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Water influence
Ground water table is located below the structure.
Internal stability
Analysis No. 1 (Stage of construction 2)
Horizontal pressure on structure:
Depth Pressure
Point
[m] [kPa]
1 0.00 64.25
2 4.07 49.73
3 4.80 50.05
4 18.00 55.79
Verification of nails bearing capacity
Reduction coeff. of active earth pressure to check for nails bear. capacity kn = 0.85.
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Verification No. 1 (Stage of construction 2)
Forces acting on construction
Name Fhor App.Pt. Fvert App.Pt. Coeff. Coeff. Coeff.
[kN/m] z [m] [kN/m] x [m] overtur. sliding stress
Weight - reinforced soil 0.00 -8.60 3734.21 6.77 1.000 1.000 1.000
Earthquake - soil wedge 933.55 -8.60 0.00 6.77 1.000 1.000 1.000
Active pressure 263.22 -9.91 320.53 12.62 1.000 1.000 1.000
Earthq.- act.pressure 746.29 -12.77 1279.56 11.18 1.000 1.000 1.000
Surcharge 46.43 -11.70 78.85 11.55 1.000 1.000 1.000
Verification of complete wall
Check for overturning stability
Resisting moment Mres = 44541.25 kNm/m
Overturning moment Movr = 20715.98 kNm/m
Wall for overturning is SATISFACTORY
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Ultimate moment MRd = 54.28 kNm/m > 16.62 kNm/m = MEd
Cross-section is SATISFACTORY.
Design principles
Reinforcement ratio r = 0.39 % > 0.14 % = rmin
Cross-section is SATISFACTORY.
Verification on shear
Ultimate shear force VRd = 95.41 kN/m > 55.41 kN/m = VEd
Cross-section is SATISFACTORY.
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