CHAPTER TWO I IUID MECHANICS CHAPTER TWO

38 Principles of Hydrostatics
FLUID MECHANICS
& HYDRAULICS ' HYDRAULICS Principles of Hydrostatics 39
Problem 2 - 8 olution
An open tank contains 5.8 m of water covered with 3.2 m of kerosene ('Y = 8 Since the density of the mud varies with depth, the pressure
kN/m3). Fid the pressure at the interface and at the bottom of the tank. should be solved by integration

Solution dp = y d h
(a) Pressure at the interface dp = (10 + 0.5 lt)dh
p 5
PA = Yk hA
= (8)(3.2) fdp = foo+0.5h)dh
PA = 25.6 kPa
Kerosene
0 0

05
3

p = 101, + 0.251,
y = 8 kN/m
(b) Pressure at the bottom 2

PB =t ylt ]
= y,,, h"' + Yk h, =
Water
y = 9.81 kN/m3 (10(5) + 0.25(5)2] - 0
= 9.81(5.8) + 8(3.2) p = 56.25 kPa
P R = 82.498 kPa
B

1•1obiem 2- 11
Problem 2- 9
In I hc> figure shown, if the atmospheric
If atmospheric pressure is 95.7 kPa and the gage attached to the tank reads 188 I r ,ure is 101.03 kPa and the absolute
f

t
SAE Oil, s = 0.89 1.5 m
mmHg vacuum, find the absolute pressure within the tank. I r ,ure at the bottom of the tank is
I kPa, what is the specific gravity
Solution I nltvc> oil? Water 2.5 m

---t
p,,b, = p,,,,,, + pg,1g,
pg,1g, = Ymercury hmercury
= (9.81 X 13.6)(0.188) Olive, s = ?
= 25.08 kPa vacuum
2_9 m
pgage • -25.08 kPa

95.7 + (-25.08)
----l
________-I...
Mercury, s = 13.6 0.4 m
Pubs =

p.1" = 70.62 kPa abs

Problem 2- 10 r,lutlon

The weight density of a mud is given by y = 10 + 0.5h, where y is in kN/m3 and loe1ge pressure at the bottom of the tank, p = 231.3 - 101.03
1 ..1ge pressure at the bottom of the tank, p = 130.27 kP!'}
his in meters. Determine the pressure, in kPa, at a depth of 5 m

11' Eyh] )
p = y,. hm + Yo l1 + Yw hw + Yo,1 lio,,
130.27 = (9.81 X 1'3.6)(0.4) + (9.81
0

�)(2.9) + 9,81 (2.5) + (9.81 X 0.89)(1.5)

s = 1.38