Block D-Group 2 “specialgroupcovid”

Members:
Balt, Bocali Jr. Montalbo, Klouie
Bana-ay, Eunice Mara Sulapas, Nicole
Espina, Mary Elizabeth Tamayo, Jebrelle
Miculob, Jhaia Yarot, Donalyn Isabel

CHAPTER 3
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
RESEARCH DESIGN
The study aimed to identify the effectiveness of sugar tax in regulating the
consumption of sweetened beverages in Cebu City using the descriptive research
method, specifically, the survey research design where the questionnaire was used to
gather the data from the respondents or the target population. The research
questionnaire has been categorized into five parts. The first part was to determine the
socio-demographic status of the respondents. Part 2 was a custom-made questionnaire
on the Prevalence and Consumption or Buying. Part 3 was on Consumption Patterns
which was also custom-made. Part 4 was on Health Warnings, Awareness, and Buying
Behavior, and part 5 was on Perceptions and Attitudes which are all custom-made
questionnaires.

RESEARCH ENVIRONMENT

Cebu City is known as the Queen City of the South because of its huge potential
in terms of economy and infrastructure located in the Central Visayas (Region VII)
region and consists of 80 barangays. It is the oldest city and first capital of the
Philippines, which is politically independent from the provincial government. It serves as
the provincial capital of Cebu Province. Cebu Province is composed of 9 Cities and 44
municipalities. Cebu is one of the most industrialized provinces in the Philippines, with
Cebu City as the main center of commerce, trade, education and industry in the
Visayas. In a decade, Cebu city has transformed into a global hub for shipping,
furniture-making, tourism, business processing services, and heavy industry. Cebu is
also considered as one of the top tourist destinations in the Philippines according to the
Department of Tourism.
 https://tinyurl.com/cebucitymap https://tinyurl.com/cebuprovincemap

Cebu City, is a 1st class highly urbanized city of the island of Cebu in the Central
Visayas Region, Philippines. According to the 2015 census, it has a population of
922,611 people, making it the fifth most populated city in the nation and the most
populous in the Visayas. The Satellite map represents Cebu City. The researcher
strategically gathered the data starting from the southern part of the City to the Northern
part of the City.

RESEARCH RESPONDENTS
The target population of the study includes all residents in Cebu City. The sample size
for the study will be estimated using sample size to estimate the mean/ proportion. The
formula is

z2 σ 2
n= 2
E
Where n is the number of respondents in this study, z is the standard score equivalent
for a 95% confidence interval (z =1.96), σ is the estimated population standard deviation
(σ = 0.75), E is the margin of error (E = 5%). Substituting these parameters to the given
formula yields a total of 865 respondents for the study.
Sample Size
Determination

Data  
Population Standard
Deviation 0.75
Sampling Error 0.05
Confidence Level 95%

Intermediate Calculations
Z Value -1.96
Calculated Sample Size 864.335

Result
Sample Size Needed 865

Thus, the respondents of the study will include 865 residents of Cebu City.

The researchers will make use of the two-stage cluster sampling method in choosing
the respondents of this study. For the first stage, the barangays under each district of
Cebu City would be determined. Then, simple random sampling would be used to select
10 barangays, 6 barangays from the North District and 4 barangays from the South
District. For the second stage, 865 respondents will be chosen from the 10 barangays
using simple random sampling.

RESEARCH INSTRUMENTS

To gather data for the study, the researchers made use of survey questionnaires.
The research questionnaire was categorized into five parts composed of yes or no
questions. The first part was to determine the socio-demographic status of the
respondents. The second part focused on the consumption behavior of the respondents
for sugar-sweetened beverages. This is to understand the reasons why the respondents
purchase such beverages. The third part was the Consumption Pattern of the
respondents which focused on how frequent they consume sugar-sweetened beverages
and in what amount. The fourth part was the Health Warnings, Awareness, and Buying
Behavior that was inspired by the study of Deluna and Maneja (2015) about the effect of
sin tax in regulating cigarette smokers. The final part focuses on the respondents’
perceptions and attitudes on sugar-sweetened beverages.

RESEARCH PROCEDURES

To obtain data and information necessary for the study, the researchers did the
following:
1. Internet Research
The researchers utilized the use of the internet to further understand the TRAIN
law, its contents, and its corresponding regulations. The internet was also used to
accumulate related literature and studies, and news on industry trends and
developments to support the study.

2. Constructing the research instrument

To ensure that the gathered data will be complete and suitable for the study, the
research instrument used was subjected to validity and reliability testing prior to the
conduct of the study. The questions and instructions were formulated in simple
language for clarity and ease of understanding. To test the research instrument, 20
respondents were chosen randomly to answer the survey by google forms.

3. Data Gathering
In gathering the data, the researchers made use of google forms in order to
distribute the survey questionnaires. The researchers requested permission from the
respondents by contacting them directly through social media whereby a link to the
google forms will be sent to them upon their approval. These were given to the
individuals who had a direct bearing on the study to meet the researchers’ goals, and to
measure the opinions of the respondents. The google forms were forwarded with a
cover letter describing the study and indicating the confidentiality of the information that
may be given out by the respondents.

TREATMENT DATA
After all the data has been gathered from the survey, the researchers will
summarize data using tabular, and graphical presentation. In interpreting Likert scale
questions, descriptive statistics, specifically mean, standard deviation, and skewness
will be used. The scales that will be used are shown below.
 Interval Interpretation

4.50 – 5.00 Strongly Agree

3.50 – 4.49 Agree

2.50 – 3.49 Neutral

1.50 – 2.49 Disagree

1.00 – 1.49 Strongly Disagree

  
            IBM-SPSS will be primarily used in statistical calculations and statistical
significance will be evaluated at the 0.05 level.
 
 

APPENDIX
RESEARCH INSTRUMENT

Objectives:

The general objective of this study is to determine the effectiveness of

sugar tax on regulating the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages in Cebu
City.

PART 1. Socio-demographic Status

Name of Respondents:

Age: Gender:

Address: Status:

PART 2. Prevalence and Consumption/Buying

YES NO

Do you buy sweetened beverages?

Do you often consume sweetened beverages?

Do you buy sweetened beverages for consumption?

Are you buying sweetened beverages to sell?
(Ex. Sari-Sari Store or small-scale business)

PART 3. Consumption Pattern

If there is an increase/decrease of your income after the
imposition of the sugar tax? Is there an effect to your
sweetened beverage consumption?
 YES NO

Are you aware of the health issues that can occur with too much
consumption of sweetened beverages?

Do you have any health issues due to high consumption of

sweetened beverages? (Ex. Diabetes)

If yes, state your health issues

_____________________________

Are you aware of the sugar tax imposed in the Philippines?

Are you still willing to buy sweetened beverages knowing the

increase of prices due to sugar tax?

Did the sugar tax affect your consumption behavior?

PART 5. Perceptions and Attitudes

 YES NO

In your family do you discuss the harmful effect of high

consumption of sweetened beverages?

In your family do you discuss the effect of sugar tax on the

prices of sweetened beverages?

Do you think people are still willing to buy sweetened

beverages despite the imposition of sugar tax?

Do you think the sugar tax will improve the health

conditions of the people here in the Philippines?

Do you think sugar tax is beneficial?

Do you think sugar tax is burdensome?

Do you agree that most of the consumers of

sweetened beverages are in the middle/high class?