Ranny C.

Dueñas October 13, 2020

BTLE-IA 3B

Basic Electrical and Electronics Simple circuits

1. Circuits:
A. Define circuit
Circuit is the complete and closed path around which a circulating electric current can
flow.According to Eetechmedia A circuit is an unbroken loop of conductive material
that allows charge carriers to flow through continuously without beginning or end.
B. Parts of circuit
Voltage,
Conductive path,
Resistor
C. Discuss
 Complete circuit-
A complete circuit is a complete loop with electricity flowing the way
it's supposed to flow: from the battery, to the component, and back to the
battery again. An open circuit is an incomplete loop, where the loop is broken
at a particular point, and electricity cannot flow at all.
 Open circuit-
An open circuit is one where the continuity has been broken by an
interruption in the path for current to flow. When we talk about open circuit it
means the path of current been disconnected to avoid hazards from particular
activity. Open circuits is the most important in installation of electrical parts.
 Closed circuits-
In other term closed circuits is switch on because the continuity of
current has been connected. According to oxford dictionary A closed circuit is
one that is complete, with good continuity throughout. It means the current is
continue to flow without interruption from any kind of switch.
 Short circuit-
A short circuits is no resistance from any direction because when talk
no resistance it has no bulb or any equipment’s, the flow of current is directly
to the positive and negative without interruption. A short circuit is an
electrical circuit that allows a current to travel along an unintended path with
no or very low electrical impedance. This results in an excessive current
flowing through the circuit. This circuits is very dangerous because the
current being trap the cause of fire.
 Ground circuit-
With a grounded circuit, only one wire becomes hot and the other wire
is grounded. Touching the hot wire still exposes a person to the
full circuit voltage. In a grounded circuit, we often refer to the electricity
 traveling from the source to the load on the hot wire and returning to the
source on the grounded wire

ll. types of simple circuit

a. Series
 Define-

A set of elements with common properties or of compounds related in

composition or structure, series is the type of connection whereas each particular
elements connected to each other.

 Draw schematic diagram and label its parts
This part was our resistance let say
that it is the bulb one. Series
connection is the complicated
connection because if the first
resistance got busted then the
otherbulb were no longer works.

This parts was your

supply or load, we have
+positive side and we
have –negative side,
each either dc source or From the negative side of
ac source first bulb or resistance then
they were going to connect in
positive side of the bulb.

Connect to the negative side to the

positive side of the resistance and back
to the negative side of the load or if we
have a switch we were going to connect
in the switch before go to the negative
side of our load.
 Draw picture and wiring diagram and label its parts

Bulb 1
Load side, both AC or DC its
DC source a battery,

Bulb

Switch
 b. Parallel

 Define
A parallel connection is connected across each other’s leads. The parallel circuit the
two sets of electrical common points are have own direction.

 Draw schematic diagram and label its parts

Bulb 2
Resistor 1
or bulb 1
Load side it is the
supply of the current. Bulb 3
+

--

This red line arrow

is the circuit that
flows. As we can
observe the
direction of the
current is separated
even some bulb got
busted the other
bulb are still works.

 Draw picture and wiring diagram and label its parts

Bulb 1
Bulb 2
Battery or source of
current
c. Series parallel
 Define
Series circuits all components are connected end to end form only one path for
the current to flow through the circuit with the simple parallel circuits are all
connected between the same two set a of electrical common points.

 Draw schematic diagram and label its parts

 Draw picture and wiring diagram and label its parts

lll. Discuss the relationship of voltage, and resistant, indicate the simple formula in finding
voltage current, and resistant in every type.

a. Series circuit
- The ohms law have a triangular form V for voltage I for power and R for
resistance, series circuit was one direction rotation of current, let’s say the
voltage is 60v and the resistance is 10 now the currents is equal because the
flow of current is the same.
Example: V=lR

b. Parallel circuit
- In parallel circuits the direction of two lines has separated between to point.
The relation of the voltage and resistance is the voltage measure the pressure
or the force of current let says that the voltage is 230v while the resistance is
the friction or opposition of currents.
- Example:
- Voltage is 230v
- Resistance is 50 ohms
- We need to find current l

v 230 v
I= v = =5 A
r 1 50 ohms !

c. Series parallel circuit

This type of circuit were as the two type of circuit are involve, the relationship of
the two was dual use of circuit.

Formula
1/Rt= 1/Rt+1/Rt2+1Rt3
E
R 1= =¿
R

E
R 2= =¿
R

E
R 3= =¿
R
References:
Santos, (2018) parts types and defects of electrical circuits. Retrieved on October, 2
2020 fromhttps://www.slideshare.net/jhunalvins29/parts-types-and-defects-of-electric-circuit

© copyright 2003-2020 Study.com. Complete, open, short, electric circuits,retrieved

on October 2, 2020 from https://study.com/academy/lesson/complete-open-short-electric-
circuits.html#:~:text=A%20complete%20circuit%20is%20a,electricity%20cannot%20flow
%20at%20all.

EETech Media, LLC. All rights reserved 2020. All about circuits. What is a series-
parallel circuits? Retrieved on October 12, 2020 from
https://www.allaboutcircuits.com/textbook/direct-circuits/chtp-7/what-is-a-series-parallel-
circuits
Ranny C. Dueñas October 13, 2020

BTLE-IA 3B

Definition of terms/ technical terms

 Voltage - the electrical pressure that existed between two points and capable of
Producing a flow of current when a close circuit is connected between the points.
 Resistance - is a measure of the opposition to current flow in an electrical circuit
 Current - the flow of electrons moving in a given direction
 Ampere - a unit of measure of electric current
 Ohms- an electrical resistance between two points of a conductor when a constant
potential difference of one volt, applied to these points, produces in the conductor a
current of one ampere, the conductor not being the seat of any electromotive force.
 Volts – basic units of voltages
 Schematic diagram - illustration of an electrical or electronic circuit with the
components represented by their symbol
 Block diagram- isa system in which the principal parts or functions are represented
by blocks connected by lines that show the relationships of the blocks.
 Wiring diagram- is a simple visual representation of the physical connections and
physical layout of an electrical system or circuit. It shows how the electrical wires are
interconnected and can also show where fixtures and components may be connected
to the system
 Inductor- it also called a coil, choke, or reactor, is a passive two-terminal electrical
component that stores energy in a magnetic field when electric current flows through
it.
 Conductor - a wire or a cord which provides path for current flow
 Insulator - material used to cover electric wires which may be made from plastic,
rubber, or asbestos.
 Semi-conductor – it is the materials which have a conductivity between conductors
(generally metals) and nonconductors or insulators (such as most ceramics)
 Multi-tester - an electrical measuring instrument used to measure the voltage, the
resistance or the current of a circuit. It is connected either through parallel or series
with the circuit depending on what to measure
 Voltmeter - an instrument specially designed for measuring voltage
 Ammeter - is a measuring device used to measure the electric current in a circuit
 Ohmmeter - an instrument used to measure resistance in ohms
 VOHM- - known as a multitester. A test equipment used to check AC, DC voltages,
current in a circuit and resistance of any components out of the circuit
 Voltage load- is the voltage that a power source is able to supply
 Voltage source is a two-terminal device which can maintain a fixed voltage
 AC / Alternating current- electric current generated by the vast majority of power
plants and used by most power distribution
  DC/ Direct current is an electric current that is unidirectional, so the flow of charge is
always in the same direction
 Active state - An active component supplies energy to an electric circuit, and hence
has the ability to electrically control the flow of charge
 Cut off state- In electronics, cut-off is a state of negligible conduction that is a
property of several types of electronic components when a control parameter.
 Positive terminal/line/charge - The terminal of a battery or other voltage source
toward which electrons flow through the external circuit
 Negative terminal/line/charge The terminal of a battery or other voltage source
toward which electrons flow through the external circuit to the positive terminal.
 Switch - electrical device having two states, ON (closed) or OFF (open)
 Fuse - a device in the current path that melts or breaks when current protective
exceeds a predetermined maximum value
 Power The instantaneous electrical power delivered to a component.
 Watts- it is the unit of power
 AC source- it refers to theelectric charge that periodically reverses direction goes to
the distribution.
 DC source- it refer to sources of electrical energy which are associated with constant
voltages and currents.

REFERENCE:

K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum Technology and Livelihood Education (Learning

Module) in EIM NC II-EXPLORATORY

K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum Technology and Livelihood Education (Learning

Module) in Electronics Technology NCII

Ecyclopedia2020. Energy education/ alternating current. Retrieved on October 5,

2020 from
https://energyeducation.ca/encyclopedia/Alternating_currenthttps://energyeducation.ca/encyc
lopedia/Alternating_current

The free dictionary.com positive terminal. Retrieved on October 1, 2020 from

https://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/positive+terminal

EETech Media, LLC. All rights reserved 2020. All about circuits. What is a series-
parallel circuits? Retrieved on October 12, 2020 from
https://www.allaboutcircuits.com/textbook/direct-circuits/chtp-7/what-is-a-series-parallel-
circuits