ANTHROPOLOGY

The scientific study of humans, human behavior

and societies in the past and present.
 Central ideas of anthropology date back
to ancient history. It is when a greek
historian herodotus remarked that
Greece was the dominant culture of the
ANTHROPOLOGY west, while persia was the dominant
THROUGH THE culture of the east. This concept later
YEARS become central to anthropology -
differences in culture.
1965-HUGO GROTIUS
a dutch jurist and scholar,
published his "de jure belli EARLIEST WORKS
ac pacis (On the Law of War
and Peace)" in attempt to RELATED TO
create a general theory of law
that would regulate war and
ANTHROPOLOGY
minimized bloodshed.
1965
Hugo Grotious,a dutch jurist and scholar, published
his "de jure belli ac pacis (On the Law of War and
Peace)" in attempt to create a general theory of law
that would regulate war and minimized bloodshed.

EARLIEST WORKS
1651
English philosopher Thomas Hobbes published his
RELATED TO
seminal work "leviathan". He postulated that human
beings' natural state is one in which individuals are
ANTHROPOLOGY
at war with themselves.
 BRITISH SCHOLAR SIR EDWARD BENETT
TAYLOR, ALSO KNOWN AS THE FOUNDER
By the 19th century, OF CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY,
PROVIDED ONE OF THE EARLIEST,
human culture began
CLEAREST AND MOST WIDELY ACCEPTED
to approximate DEFINITION OF CULTURE WHICH IS
anthropology as it "THAT COMPLEX WHOLE WHICK
is known today. INCLUDES KNOWLEDGE, BELIEF, ART,
MORAL, LAW, CUSTOM AND ANY OTHER
CAPABILITIES AND HABITS ACQUIRED
BY MAN AS A MEMBER OF SOCIETY."
 -LEWIS HENRY MORGAN, AN
-in 1971, He published his
AMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGIST,
book,"Primitive Culture"
which established a theory ECHOED THESE VIEWS , ARGUING
influenced by Darwin's THAT EUROPEAN CIVILIZATION
theory of biological WAS THE PINNACLE OF HUMAN
evolution, evolution of SOCIETY, AND THAT OTHER
cultures from primitive to FORMS OF SOCIETY WERE
modern. BACKWARD, SAVAGE, AND
BARBARIC.
Social darwinism-
policy of applying
evolutionary theory
to social and
political policy.
 ANTHROPOLOGY:
The Science of Culture
- "FILIPINO TIME " SIMILARLY IN SOME
SOUTH AMERICAN COUNTRIES LIKE
CHILE,BRAZIL , AND ECUADOR
-Particularly in Japan, Tardiness is considered rude
and disrespectful .

SOME PRACTICES CAN BE SUBJECTED TO HIGHER

LEVELS OF SCRUTINY, AND MAY CHANGE OVER
TIME.

In China, tradition of foot binding practiced by

women in generations Until the government banned it
in 1912.The Chinese considered small feet beautiful
and refined, and saw large feet as crude.
 Anthropology

We will be able to understand Different facets of

the totality of social and culture and society
cultural life and human exhibit patterned
experience from the dawn of time interrelationships
up to tue present .
 Anthropology and its
Subdisciplines

(as introduced by Alan Barnard of University of Edinburgh)

BIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY
-Also known as physical anthropology
-science related (anatomy or structure of the body)
-appreciates evolution and uniqueness of human species

ARCHAELOGY
- recovery and analysis of fossil remains, ruins, and
artifacts
-these remains reflect and reveal more about the past
and the events that happened
-supplements history by providing concrete and reliable
facts presented by the collected archaeological data
ANTHROPOLOGICAL
LINGUISTICS
-concerning the principles and
the evolution of a particular
country's language

LANGUAGE=CULTURE=DYNAMISM
OF LANGUAGE
-studies all forms of
communication the people in a
country do
CULTURAL
ANTHROPOLOGY
-concerning the principles and the
evolution of a particular country's
language
-studies the ancient and current
cultures making it the largest field
among the four
-done through observation and immersion
-data are kept in a written account
called ETHNOGRAPHY
Sociology: The Science of Society
Society is defined as a group of people who
exist in accordance with certain social
structures, and in the process, create and
maintain these structures for themselves.
 Social Structure
It is a relationship between different entities or group as enduring
and relatively stable patterns of relationship emphasizes the idea
that society is grouped into structurally related groups or sets of
roles with different function meanings or purposes.
Society creates educational institutions
such as schools,colleges and universities to
perform certain functions in accomplishing
its end. The educational system may be
viewed as an part of the total system.
Sociology defined
Max Weber: "Attempts the interpretive
understanding of social actions.

Sorokin: "Sociology is a study of the

relationship and correlations between various
classes of social phenomena, the relationship
between social and non-social aspects of life
and the general characteristics common to all
classes of social phenomena.
 C. WRIGHT MILL'S CONCEPT OF
SOCIOLOGICAL IMAGINATION

Sociological imagination is the ability to

understand the social world by drawing

relationships between social forces and the

actions of individuals.
Mills posited that through sociological
imagination,people will be able to veer
away from their personal worldview and
analyze daily events and phenomena
through a much broader perspective.
 Society is always changing. By

devising a way to study human

social life systematically,scholars

are able to paint clearer portrait of

our social landscape.

 Sociology was born in the
19th century.

A TIME OF SCIENTIFIC ADVANCEMENT

AND RADICAL SOCIAL CHANGE ON ONE
HAND,AND GREAT INSTABILITY ON THE
ORDER.
Sociology was derived from
the Latin word socius
(compassion/associate) and
the Greek word logia
(study/discourse)
August Comte
He wanted to have an all-
encompassing science of
society that would occupy
the topmost position in the
hierarchy of science.
IN THIS PERIOD,SOCIAL PROBLEMS WERE ALSO
VIEWED AS CONSEQUENCES OF SCIENTIFIC AND
DEMOCRATIC REVOLUTION THIS WAS EVIDENT IN
FREDERIC LE PLAY’S LES OUVRIERS EUROPEENS AND
ALEXIS DE TOCQUEVILLE’S DEMOCRACY IN AMERICA
STUDY.
Methods employed
-Sociologists formulate theories on social phenomena to
explain how society works. They test this theories by
gathering to evaluate whether or not their assumptions are
valid. Results will then be analyzed in their corresponding
contexts,such as culture and history.
MIND OVER
SPLATTER

Quiz time!!
Though shall not cheat.

MABAOG NA MAG CHEAT.

 

1.)Who was considered as the first anthropologist?  

2-3.) Give 2 subdisciplines of anthropology
4.) It is defined as a group of
people who exist in accordance with certain social structures
5.) Society is always _____.
6.) He defines sociology as
something that "Attempts the interpretive understanding of social actions."
7.)Who expressed the opposition
to social darwinism and cultural evolution theories?
8.)It is a policy of applying
evolutionary theory to social and political policy?
9.)He is the founder of cultural
anthropology?
10.)He wanted to have an
all-encompassing science of society
11.)Sociology was derived from the Latin word ________.
12.)Sociology was born in the ________.
19th century a time of _____ and radical social change
13.)He is a dutch jurist and scholar who published his "de jure belli ac
pacis (On the Law of War and Peace)".
14.) It postulates that human
beings' natural state is one in which individuals are at war with
themselves.
And that self-interest is the principal driving force behind human
activity.
15.)What is the name of the book
which established a theory influenced by Darwin's theory of
biological
evolution, evolution of cultures from primitive to modern.
 16.-20.) USING YOUR OWN WORDS, EXPLAIN WHAT
ANTHROPOLOGY AND SOCIOLOGY IS (AT LEAST FIVE SENTENCES)