A3: CH 3--Quality Management-Abdulmajeed Alqahtani https://xlitemprod.pearsoncmg.

com/api/v1/print/om

Instructor: John Bing

Student: Abdulmajeed Alqahtani Assignment: A3: CH 3--Quality
Course: BUA 345--Operations & Supply
Date: 06/03/19 Management
Chain Management

At Quickie Car Wash, the wash process is advertised to take less than 8 minutes. Consequently, management has set a
target average of 445 seconds for the wash process. Suppose the average range for a sample of 8 cars is 14 seconds. Use
the accompanying table to establish control limits for sample means and ranges for the car wash process.
1
Click the icon to view the table of factors for calculating three-sigma limits for the x-chart and R-chart.

Note that the range, R, is the difference between the largest observation in a sample and the smallest. A range chart, or
R-chart, is used to monitor process variability. The control limits for the R-chart are given by the formulas below, where R is
the average of several past R values and the central line of the control chart, and D3 and D4 are the constants that provide
three standard deviation (three-sigma) limits for a given sample size.

UCLR = D4 R and LCLR = D3 R

To find the control limits for the sample ranges, first identify the values of D4 , D3 , and R. Note that the sample size is 8, as
specified in the problem statement.

D4 = 1.864, D3 = 0.136, R = 14

Now, compute the control limits for the sample ranges. First, find UCLR .

UCLR = D4 R

= 1.864(14)
= 26.10

Next, find LCLR .

LCLR = D3 R

= 0.136(14)
= 1.90

Therefore, the control limits for the sample ranges for the car wash process are 26.10 seconds and 1.90 seconds.

Note that x represents a sample mean. An x-chart is used to see whether the process is generating output, on average,
consistent with a target value set by management for the process or whether its current performance, with respect to the
average of the performance measure, is consistent with its past performance. The control limits for the x-chart are given by
the formulas below, where x is the central line of the chart, which can be either the average of past sample means or a
target value set for the process, and A2 is the constant to provide three-sigma limits for the sample mean.

UCLx = x + A2 R and LCLx = x − A2 R

To find the control limits for the sample means, first identify the values of x and A2 .

x = 445, A2 = 0.373

Now, compute the control limits for the sample means. First, find UCLx .

UCLx = x + A R
2
= 445 + 0.373(14)
= 450.22

Next, find LCLx .

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A3: CH 3--Quality Management-Abdulmajeed Alqahtani https://xlitemprod.pearsoncmg.com/api/v1/print/om

LCLx = x − A R
2
= 445 − 0.373(14)
= 439.78

Therefore, the control limits for the sample means for the car wash process are 450.22 seconds and 439.78 seconds.

1: More Info
Factors for calculating three-sigma limits for the x-chart and R-chart

Size of Sample Factor for UCL and LCL Factor for LCL for Factor for UCL for
(n) for x-chart (A2 ) R-Chart (D3 ) R-Chart (D4 )

2 1.880 0 3.267
3 1.023 0 2.575
4 0.729 0 2.282
5 0.577 0 2.115
6 0.483 0 2.004
7 0.419 0.076 1.924
8 0.373 0.136 1.864
9 0.337 0.184 1.816
10 0.308 0.223 1.777

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