MINISTRY OF EDUCATION

Saint Mary’s School

Matter and Its Properties

Group Members: Adriana Cruz, Angela Pia, and Yash Patel Instructor’s Name: Professor Eric Callender
Due Date: Friday, October 9th, 2020 Course Name: 10th Grade (10-1B) Chemistry Virtual Lab #1

LAB REPORT

Method of Separation (Separation Techniques):

X = separated in a previous step / not present *Some mixtures use water to separate (water - ?)

1. Sand Gasoline Vegetable oil Marbles Water

Salt water - X water X evaporation

filtration -decantation

2. Salt Gasoline Vegetable oil Marbles Water

Sand water - X X sieving filtration

filtration

3. Salt Sand Vegetable oil Marbles Water

Gasoline X X distillation X decantation

4. Salt Sand Gasoline Marbles Water

Vegetable Oil water water distillation water - decantation

-decantation -decantation decantation

5. Salt Sand Gasoline Vegetable Oil Water

Marbles X sieving X X X

Separate each component:

Mixtures Explanation
1. Salt– Sand – Veg. Oil Vegetable oil separates from water and can be removed using decantation;
filtration will remove the sand from the water, and evaporation gets the salt
(Add water) from the water.

2. Sand – Salt –Marble Dissolve the mixture in water. Then, filter it we will get the sand and
marble mixture. Then, sand and marble is separated by sieving. Lastly,
(Add water) evaporate the water to get salt.

3. Gasoline – Vegetable Oil Use a simple distillation system (two miscible liquids with large boiling
 differences) to separate the gasoline in the receiving flask and the veg. oil
in the distillation flask.
(Add water)

4. Vegetable Oil – Gasoline Vegetable oil and gasoline are separated by using a simple distillation
system, while the rest of the mixture is then separated by decantation in
(Add water to every other adding water to the mixture.
component)

5. Sand – Marbles Sieving: Sand passes through the sieves, while the marbles are collected on
the sieves.
STEP BY STEP PROCESS:

1) When we start to separate the mixture, the two components that should first be separated are the vegetable oil
and the gasoline, as they are non-polar substances that dissolve in each other. Using a simple distillation system,
the mixture being distilled is heated to the boiling point, using the thermometer, and the most volatile component
(gasoline) changes into a vapor and passes into a condenser where cold water is passed through for the gasoline to be
cooled and condensed. The condenser then leads the gasoline into the receiving flask. After we have separated the
gasoline, we take it from the receiving flask, once the thermometer stabilizes and place it in a separate container.
(On the image the tube bend was supposed to be the receiver adaptor but it was a pro element in chemix.org)

After separating the vegetable oil from the gasoline, we have a mixture left of vegetable oil, salt, sand, and marbles in
the distillation flask. We take out the mixture and separate the rest of the components using the following methods:

2) First, dissolve the mixture in water and use decantation to separate the vegetable oil from the water. Since the
vegetable oil is immiscible and less dense than water, it will float on top and can be easily removed by scooping
or pouring it out in a separate container.
3) After separating the vegetable oil from the rest of the mixture; the sand, mixed with the marbles, will sink at the
bottom, and the salt will dissolve in water. Then, by filtering the mixture, the sand with the marbles will be
separated from the water (as it is insoluble in water) and only the salt solution will be left. (Sand and marbles
on the sand arrow)

4) To separate the mixture between the sand and the marbles, we use the separation technique of sieving. Since
marbles are generally bigger in size than the sand, we can use fine sieves and filter the mixture through them.
Sand, being finer, will be able to pass through the sieves, while the marbles would be collected on the sieves.
After separating them, collect the sand and the marbles and place them in separate containers.

5) Finally, the salt from the salt solution can be claimed by evaporating the water and, by this, the salt will
 separate out. Place it in a container and with that, you have five separate containers, one containing each
component of the mixture (salt, sand, vegetable oil, gasoline, and marbles).

BIBLIOGRAPHY / REFERENCES:

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