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September 2010

Guide to the
NEBOSH National
Diploma in
Environmental
Management
Qualification title: NEBOSH National Diploma in Environmental Management
Version: 17
Specification date: September 2010
Guide publication date: January 2018

The National Examination Board in Occupational Safety and Health (NEBOSH),


Dominus Way, Meridian Business Park, Leicester LE19 1QW.

Registered Charity Number: 1010444

Telephone: +44 (0) 116 263 4700


Fax: +44 (0) 116 282 4000
Email: info@nebosh.org.uk
Website: www.nebosh.org.uk

© NEBOSH
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or
transmitted in any form, or by any means, electronic, electrostatic, mechanical, photocopied or
otherwise, without the express permission in writing from NEBOSH.

© NEBOSH 2017
Guide to the NEBOSH National Diploma in Environmental
Management (September 2010 specification)

Contents

1. Introduction

1.1 Benefits for employers 1


1.2 Designatory letters 2
1.3 Professional membership 2
1.4 Qualification level and UK accreditation 3
1.5 Key topics covered 3
1.6 Course tuition and private study time requirements 3
1.7 Entry requirements 4
1.8 Minimum standard of English required for candidates 4
1.9 Legislation 4
1.10 Legislative updates 4
1.11 National Occupational Standards (NOS) and best practice 5
1.12 Qualification type 5
1.13 Qualification progression 5
1.14 Programmes offered by NEBOSH-accredited course providers 5
1.15 Examination dates 5
1.16 Specification date 6
1.17 Syllabus development and review 6
1.18 Further information for candidates 6
1.19 Further information for accredited course providers 6

2. Qualification structure

2.1 Unit assessment 7


2.2 Achieving the overall qualification 7
2.3 Unit pass standard 7
2.4 Unit certificates 8
2.5 Qualification grade 8
2.6 Qualification parchments 8
2.8 Re-sitting unit/s 9

3. Policies

3.1 Requests for access arrangements/reasonable adjustments 10


3.2 Requests for special consideration 10
3.3 Enquiries about results and appeals 10
3.4 Malpractice 11

© NEBOSH 2017
4. Syllabus - NEBOSH National Diploma in Environmental Management
(September 2010 specification) 12

4.1 Unit ED1: Management of environmental risk

Element 1: Principles of environmental risk management 15


Element 2: Environmental risk evaluation 18
Element 3: Control strategies for environmental risk 19
Element 4: Monitoring, review and audit 21
Element 5: Developments in environmental legislation 22
Element 6: Environmental legislative framework and methods of enforcement 23
Element 7: Public access to environmental information 25
Element 8: Civil liability in relation to environmental pollution 26
Element 9: Solid and liquid wastes 27
Element 10: Gaseous and particulate releases to atmosphere 29
Element 11: Water resources management 31
Element 12: Control of environmental nuisance 33
Element 13: Hazardous substances 34
Element 14: Environmental implications of development and land use 35
Element 15: Energy use and efficiency 37
Tutor References 38

4.2 Unit ED2: Application of environmental risk theory and practice

4.2.1 Purpose and aim 49


4.2.2 Marking 49
4.2.3 Assessment location 50
4.2.4 Submission of completed work 50
4.2.5 Further information 50

5. Sample question paper

5.1 Unit ED1: Management of environmental risk 51

© NEBOSH 2017
The Guide to the NEBOSH National Diploma in Environmental Management
(September 2010 specification)

1. Introduction
The NEBOSH National Diploma in Environmental Management is designed for individuals with
responsibilities for the management of environmental risk in relation to the damage caused by
work activities. It will be invaluable for managers taking on environmental responsibilities and
those aiming to develop and implement effective environmental management systems within
their organisations. Since its launch in 1992, nearly 2900 candidates have achieved the
Environmental Diploma.

It is designed to provide the specialist knowledge and understanding combined with the
application of the expertise that underpins competent performance within environmental
management. It also provides a sound basis for progression to further study to MSc level.

The syllabus and means of assessment described in this Guide were introduced in 1992,
revised in 2001, 2003 and 2008 and updated in 2010 to take account of current developments
in environmental management.

1.1 Benefits for employers


The importance of the effect of business activities on the environment has long been
acknowledged. Until relatively recently, business activities were generally thought to be in
conflict with environmental constraints, but many companies, irrespective of size or type of
business, now recognise that a more efficient use of resources can bring substantial cost
savings (eg, raw materials, waste disposal, energy and transport).

A 2003 report “Benefits of Greener Business” (Cambridge Econometrics and AEA


Technology) estimated £2-3 billion could be saved in annual operating costs by UK companies
investing in best practice techniques for waste minimisation (around 1-2% of total UK
manufacturing value and 5-7% of sector profits in 2000). Department for Environment, Food
and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) research in 2005 indicated an additional £1.8 billion could be saved
by business through energy efficiency. Data compiled by Envirowise in 2005, found UK
companies could cut water consumption by 30% by adopting some simple and inexpensive
efficiency measures.

By reducing the environmental impact of their activities companies can potentially give
themselves a significant edge over their competitors. Many consumers are prepared to pay a
premium for environmentally friendly products: A 2006 Co-Operative Bank survey of ‘eco-
friendly’ spending in the UK, showed a record spending level of £29.4bn, overtaking the £28bn
spent annually on alcohol and cigarettes.

The Scottish Government’s Scottish Environmental Attitudes and Behaviours Survey 2008
(SEABS’08) found that despite the backdrop of economic uncertainty, 57% of the 3,000 people
surveyed saw climate change as an immediate concern and 48% believed that everyday
behaviour and lifestyle contributes to climate change. The survey also noted evidence of
changes in attitudes being reflected in behaviour, eg, 84% making use of kerbside paper
recycling facilities, 63% using energy-saving light bulbs and around 45% buying Fair Trade
products regularly.

In recent years there has been progressive development and implementation of environmental
legislation applicable throughout EU member states. For example, The SEABS’08 survey
noted that: “In past few years, the environment has re-emerged as a key issue on the Scottish
political agenda, with the focus of debate on climate change.”

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In December 2008, the Scottish Government published the Climate Change (Scotland) Bill,
which included a statutory target to reduce emissions by 80% by 2050. The overall UK target
is a 60% cut by 2050.

Planning ahead to take account of new environmental standards and legislation can minimise
the costs of modifying or replacing equipment and updating working practices. Increasingly,
business partners prefer to deal with environmentally responsible companies. Banks, insurers
and other sources of finance may avoid businesses that do not take environmental matters
seriously and expose themselves to unnecessary environmental risk. Those that are
considered environmentally aware may benefit from better access to capital and lower
insurance premiums.

The business impact of environmental incidents is also compelling: in addition to the direct
cost of sick pay and absence, employers can find themselves dealing with criminal
prosecution, claims for compensation, adverse publicity and harm to both business reputation
and profitability. Failure to act in an environmentally responsible manner can bring businesses
into conflict with the local community, pressure groups and other employers.

A 2004 DEFRA survey of the environmental sector found the UK employs over 400,000 people
(over double the numbers in 2002) in 17,000 companies (up 7,000 over the same period) and
has an annual turnover of £25 billion (from £16 billion in 2002). These figures are even larger
when considering the 500,000 volunteer workers in environmental and land-based
organisations and the 1 million employees working for the food chain and rural sectors, which
use about 80 per cent of the UK’s total landmass.

Driven by tighter environmental regulation, increased development and scarce natural


resources, the UK market for environmental industries is likely to grow to £34 billion in 2010
and on to £46 billion by 2015. The global market in environmental goods and
services is expected to rise from £278 billion to £410 billion by 2015. The International Energy
Agency predicts that £8 trillion of investment in new energy sources will be required over the
next 15 years (Statistics: Chartered Institution of Water and Environmental Management -
CIWEM).

1.2 Designatory letters


Holders of the NEBOSH National Diploma in Environmental Management may use the
designatory letters ‘EnvDipNEBOSH’ after their name.

1.3 Professional membership


The NEBOSH National Diploma in Environmental Management is accepted as meeting the
qualification requirements for non-chartered Member (MCIWEM) of the Chartered Institution
of Water and Environmental Management (CIWEM - www.ciwem.org), for holders achieving
the overall qualification from 1 February 2009 onwards. Progression to chartered membership
(MCIWEM C.WEM) is a further opportunity.

It is also accepted by the International Institute of Risk and Safety Management (IIRSM -
www.iirsm.org) as meeting the academic requirements for Specialist membership (SIIRSM).
In addition, diplomates will have the opportunity to attend the annual NEBOSH Diploma
Graduation ceremony.

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1.4 Qualification level and UK accreditation


The NEBOSH National Diploma in Environmental Management is accredited and credit rated
by the Scottish Qualifications Authority Accreditation (SQA –
http://accreditation.sqa.org.uk). It is rated within the Scottish Credit and Qualifications
Framework (SCQF - www.scqf.org.uk) at SCQF Level 10 with 19 SCQF credit points.

For users in England, Wales and Northern Ireland, this is comparable to a Vocationally-
Related Qualification (VRQ) at Level 6 within the National Qualifications Framework (NQF)
and Qualifications and Credit Framework (QCF), or Honours Degree standard.

For further information regarding UK qualification levels, please refer to the “Qualifications can
cross boundaries” comparison chart issued by the UK regulators, available at the SQA
Accreditation website (http://accreditation.sqa.org.uk).

1.5 Key topics covered

 Principles of managing and controlling environmental risk


 Implementation of environmental management systems
 Environmental legislation, enforcement and civil liability
 Dealing with key environmental hazards and resources
 Practical application of knowledge and understanding via a workplace-based project

1.6 Course tuition and private study time requirements


Unit ED1: 113 hours tuition and 47 hours private study Total: 160 hours
Unit ED2: 6 hours tuition and 24 hours private study Total: 30 hours

A programme of study therefore needs to be based around a minimum of 119 taught hours
and approximately 71 hours of private study for an overall total of 190 Hours.

A full-time block release course would be expected to last for a minimum of fifteen working
days and a part-time day release course would be spread over at least fifteen weeks. For
candidates studying by open or distance learning, the tuition hours should be added to the
recommended private study hours to give the minimum number of hours that this mode of
study will require.

Quoted hours do not include assessment time, ie, sitting written examinations or the practical
application unit (see 1.6).

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1.7 Entry requirements


There are no specific barriers, in terms of academic qualifications, skills or experience to entry
to the NEBOSH National Diploma in Environmental Management programme. However, it
should be noted that currently the assessments are offered, and must be answered, in English
only.

The qualification includes a requirement to complete an environmental audit proforma and


write a report of approximately 4000 words based on the candidate’s own workplace; the
proforma and report must be completed in English. Candidates should discuss this with the
accredited course provider before undertaking the qualification.

1.8 Minimum standard of English required for candidates


The standard of English required by candidates studying for the NEBOSH National Diploma
in Environmental Management must be such that they can both understand and articulate the
concepts contained in the syllabus. It is important to stress that the onus is on accredited
course providers to determine their candidates’ standards of proficiency in English.

NEBOSH recommends to accredited course providers that candidates undertaking this


qualification should reach a minimum standard of English equivalent to an International
English Language Testing System score of 7.0 or higher in IELTS tests in order to be accepted
onto a National Diploma in Environmental Management programme.

For further information please see the latest version of the IELTS Handbook or consult the
IELTS website: http://www.ielts.org/institutions/test_format_and_results.aspx

Candidates wishing to assess their own language expertise may consult the IELTS website
for information on taking the test: http://www.ielts.org/institutions/faqs.aspx

1.9 Legislation
The syllabus refers to UK legislation. Where the syllabus refers to the legislative systems of
England, Wales and Scotland, candidates may refer to the legislative systems and
requirements that apply in Northern Ireland, provided that these references are clearly
indicated as such.

If this qualification is delivered overseas, accredited course providers may refer to examples
of local legislation as part of the course programme but examination questions will refer to UK
legislation only.

1.10 Legislative updates


Relevant new legislation will become examinable in detail six months after its date of
introduction. However, candidates will be expected to be essentially up-to-date at the time of
the examination and, whilst a detailed knowledge will not be expected, reference to new or
impending legislation, where relevant to an examination question, will be given credit.

Please note, NEBOSH will not ask questions related to legislation that has been repealed,
revoked or otherwise superseded.

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NB: Accredited course providers are expected to ensure their course notes remain current
with regard to new legislation.

1.11 National Occupational Standards (NOS) and best practice


The syllabus is mapped to the relevant National Occupational Standard (NOS):

 NOS for Environmental Awareness and Management (December 2009), published by


Lantra Sector Skills Council (www.lantra.co.uk)

The mapping of the syllabus units to each NOS can be found on pages 12-13.

1.12 Qualification type


NEBOSH offers Vocationally-Related Qualifications (VRQs) in England, Wales and Northern
Ireland.

VRQs provide the knowledge and practical skills required for particular job roles through a
structured study-based training programme, that combine the testing of knowledge and
understanding in written examinations with practical application of learning in the workplace.

VRQs are a popular type of qualification because they are nationally recognised, flexible and
offer routes for progression to employment or further study.

In Scotland, VRQs are known as ‘Other accredited qualifications’.

1.13 Qualification progression


Environmental Diploma holders with Health and Safety responsibilities may consider the
NEBOSH National or International Diplomas in Occupational Health and Safety.

In addition, students who have achieved the NEBOSH Environmental Diploma may be
considering further study. A number of universities offer MSc programs which accept the
NEBOSH Environmental Diploma as a full or partial entry requirement. Some MSc courses
may require additional qualifications/expertise such as a degree, further significant work
experience or expect students to complete specific modules, eg, in environmental
management.

Further information can be found on our website: www.nebosh.org.uk/qualifications

1.14 Programmes offered by NEBOSH-accredited course providers


Accredited course providers can be located using the ‘Where to study’ tab on our website:
www.nebosh.org.uk

NB: Candidates are advised to check up-to-date information on course dates with accredited
course providers directly.

1.15 Examination dates


‘Standard’ examination dates for this qualification are available in June and December annually.
On-demand examinations are not available to course providers for this qualification.

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1.16 Specification date


The September 2010 specification for this qualification replaced the previous March 2008
specification for all examinations from (and including) 1 June 2011. The current revisions to
the syllabus (version 11 and onwards of this Guide) take effect from 1 June 2015 and the new
content will be examinable from 1 December 2015.

1.17 Syllabus development and review


The syllabus has been developed by NEBOSH following extensive consultation with key
stakeholders, notably accredited course providers, professional bodies, employers, standards
setting organisations, enforcement bodies and subject experts. NEBOSH would like to take
this opportunity to thank all those who participated in the development, piloting and
implementation of this qualification.

1.18 Further information for candidates


Further information for candidates including a syllabus summary, qualification overview leaflet,
a sample examiner’s report and guidance regarding the project unit can be found via the
NEBOSH website (www.nebosh.org.uk).

1.19 Further information for accredited course providers


Further information for accredited course providers including policies and procedures and
guidance on the project unit can be found in the accredited course providers’ section of the
NEBOSH website.

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2. Qualification structure
2.1 Unit assessment
The Guide to the NEBOSH National Diploma in Environmental Management is divided into
two units. Both units are mandatory and there are no optional units. Candidates may choose
to take one or both units at the same time or at different times.

Unit ED1: Management of environmental risk

 Unit ED1 is a taught unit, assessed by a three-hour written examination


 Each written examination consists of eight ‘long-answer’ questions (20 marks each) from
which candidates must choose five questions to answer
 Candidate scripts are marked by external examiners appointed by NEBOSH
 A sample examination paper can be found in Section 5.

Unit ED2: Application of environmental risk theory and practice

 Unit ED2 consists of a workplace-based project set by NEBOSH


 Approximately 4,000 words in length
 The project is internally assessed by the accredited course provider and externally
moderated by NEBOSH
 Course providers submit projects to NEBOSH for moderation by 31 January and 31 July
each year.

NEBOSH applies best practise in relation to assessment setting and marking. NEBOSH uses
external assessment for written examinations and assignments: scripts are sent to NEBOSH
and undergo rigorous marking, checking and results determination processes to ensure
accuracy and consistency.

2.2 Achieving the qualification


Candidates must pass both units within a two year period to achieve the qualification. The
two years commences from the result declaration date of the first successful unit.

NB: The weighting of the units when calculating the overall mark for this qualification
is 75% for the written examination (ED1) and 25% for the project (ED2), see 2.6 for
further details.

2.3 Unit pass standard


The pass standard for each unit may vary according to pre-determined criteria but is normalised
to 45% for the written paper (ED1) and 60% for the project unit (ED2).

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2.4 Unit certificates


Candidates who are successful in an individual unit will be issued with a unit certificate,
normally within 40 working days of the issue of the result notification. Units are not graded
and the unit certificates will show a ‘Pass’ only.

2.5 Qualification grade


When candidates have been awarded a unit certificate for both units (ie, have achieved a Pass
in units ED1 and ED2), the overall qualification grade is determined by the weighted results of
the two units. The weighting factors are as follows:

(i) examination (Unit ED1) - 75%

(ii) project (Unit ED2) - 25%

The overall mark is calculated using this formula to produce an overall percentage:

[examination mark x 0.75] + [project mark x 0.25].

The overall calculation may produce a fraction of a percentage. A fraction of 0.5 or above will
be rounded up to the nearest whole percentage and a fraction of less than 0.5 will be rounded
down to the nearest whole percentage.

Pass: Up to 59%, with at least 45% in the written paper (Unit ED1) and 60% in the
project (Unit ED2)

Credit: 60% - 69%, with at least 45% in the written paper (Unit ED1) and 60% in the
project (Unit ED2)

Distinction: 70% or more, with at least 45% in the written paper (Unit ED1) and 60% in the
project (Unit ED2)

2.6 Qualification parchment


Once a candidate has achieved a Pass in both units and the qualification grade has been
awarded, the candidate is normally considered to have completed the qualification. A
qualification parchment will be issued, within 40 working days of the result declaration date for
the second successfully completed unit.

However, once the result of the second successfully completed unit has been issued the
candidate has 20 working days from the date of issue of that result to either:

 Inform NEBOSH in writing of their intention to re-sit a successful unit for the purposes of
improving a grade
 Submit an Enquiry About Result (EAR) request (see Section 3.3).

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2.8 Re-sitting unit/s


If a candidate’s performance in a unit is lower than a pass, candidates may re-register to re-
sit just the unit in which they have been unsuccessful providing that they re-sit within two
years of the sitting of the first successful unit. Candidates should take this to mean from
the result declaration date for their first successful unit.

Candidates who wish to improve the mark for a unit they have successfully passed in order to
improve their qualification grading to a credit or distinction, may do so providing that they re-
sit the examination within two years of the sitting of the first successful attempt. Any candidate
who re-sits a successful unit, and does not surpass their original mark, eg, is referred in the
paper, will keep the original mark awarded. Re-sit marks are not capped. There is no limit to
the number of re-sits within this two year period.

Candidates who register for any unit of the National Diploma in Environmental Management
whilst awaiting a result from a previous sitting of an examination for the same qualification
may not seek a refund of the registration fee if they retrospectively claim exemption from any
part of the qualification, subsequent to the issue of the awaited result.

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3. Policies
3.1 Requests for access arrangements/reasonable adjustments
Access arrangements and reasonable adjustments are modifications which are approved in
advance of an assessment to allow attainment to be demonstrated by candidates with either
a permanent or long-term disability or learning difficulty, or temporary disability, illness or
indisposition.

Requests for access arrangements or reasonable adjustments must be made to NEBOSH by


accredited course providers at least one month before the assessment.

For further details see the NEBOSH “Policy and procedures for access arrangements,
reasonable adjustments and special consideration” available from the NEBOSH website
(www.nebosh.org.uk).

3.2 Requests for special consideration


Special consideration is a procedure that may result in an adjustment to the marks of
candidates who have not been able to demonstrate attainment because of temporary illness,
injury, indisposition or an unforeseen incident at the time of the assessment.

Candidates who feel disadvantaged due to illness, distraction or any other reason during the
assessment must report this to the invigilator (or the accredited course provider in the case of
a practical examination) before leaving the examination room and request that their written
statement, together with the invigilator’s comments on the statement, be sent by the accredited
course provider to NEBOSH.

Requests for special consideration must be made to NEBOSH by the accredited course
provider as soon as possible and no more than seven working days after the assessment.

For further details see the NEBOSH “Policy and procedures on reasonable adjustments and
special consideration” available from the NEBOSH website (www.nebosh.org.uk).

3.3 Enquiries about results and appeals


NEBOSH applies detailed and thorough procedures to moderate and check assessment
results before they are issued. It thereby ensures that the declared results are a fair and
equitable reflection of the standard of performance by candidates.

There are, however, procedures for candidates or accredited course providers to enquire
about results that do not meet their reasonable expectations. An ‘enquiry about result’ (EAR)
must be made in writing within one month of the date of issue of the result to which it relates.

For details see the NEBOSH “Enquiries and appeals policy and procedures” document
available from the NEBOSH website (www.nebosh.org.uk).

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3.4 Malpractice
Malpractice is defined as any deliberate activity, neglect, default or other practice by
candidates and/or accredited course providers that compromises the integrity of the
assessment process, and/or the validity of certificates. Malpractice may include a range of
issues from collusion or use of unauthorised material by candidates, to the failure to maintain
appropriate records or systems by accredited course providers, to the deliberate falsification
of records in order to claim certificates. Failure by an accredited course provider to deal with
identified issues may in itself constitute malpractice.

For further details see the NEBOSH “Malpractice policy and procedures” document available
from the NEBOSH website (www.nebosh.org.uk).

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4. Syllabus - NEBOSH National Diploma in


Environmental Management (September 2010
specification)

Structure

The qualification is divided into two units. Unit ED1 is further divided into fifteen elements.

The matrix below indicates how the syllabus elements map to the relevant National
Occupational Standards (See also section 1.11):

 NOS for Environmental Awareness and Management (December 2009), published by


Lantra Sector Skills Council (www.lantra.co.uk).

Unit NED1: Management of environmental risk

Recom- Relevant
Element
Element Title mended Lantra NOS units Page
Number
hours and elements

Principles of environmental risk


1 9 EM3-4, 6, 8, 15 14
management

2 Environmental risk evaluation 9 EM3-6, 11-14 17

Control strategies for


3 7 EM1-10 19
environmental risks

4 Monitoring, review and audit 5 EM5-10 21

Developments in environmental
5 5 EM4 23
legislation

Environmental legislative
6 framework and methods of 7 EM4 25
enforcement

Public access to environmental


7 5 EM4, 8 27
information

Civil liability in relation to


8 5 EM4-5 29
environmental pollution

9 Solid and liquid wastes 13 EM4, 6-8, 15 31

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Gaseous and particulate


10 13 EM4, 6-8, 15 35
releases to atmosphere

11 Water resources management 10 EM4, 6-8, 15 37

Control of environmental
12 5 EM4, 6-8, 15 40
nuisance

13 Hazardous substances 6 EM4, 6-8, 15 42

Environmental implications of
14 8 EM1-4, 11, 14 45
development and land use

15 Energy use and efficiency 6 EM 3-4, 9-10 48

Minimum unit tuition time 113

Recommended private study


time 47

Unit ED2: Application of environmental risk theory and practice

Recom- Relevant
Element
Element Title mended Lantra NOS units Page
Number
hours and elements

Management of environmental
1 6 EM 1-15 50
risk

Minimum unit tuition time 6

Recommended private study


24
time

Minimum total tuition time 119

Recommended total private


71
study time

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4.1 Unit ED1: Management of environmental risk

Element 1: Principles of environmental risk


management
Learning outcomes
On completion of this element, candidates should be able to demonstrate understanding of
the content through the application of knowledge to familiar and unfamiliar situations. In
particular they should be able to:

1.1 Explain the earth’s natural cycles and how the principles of sustainability are being
adopted
1.2 Explain the reasons for managing environmental risk
1.3 Explain the principles of environmental hazard identification, risk assessment, and risk
control.

Content

1.1 Natural cycles and sustainability

 Carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus cycles


 Hydrological cycle
 Ecology and the importance of biodiversity
 Current definitions of sustainability
- the importance of sustainability and resource efficiency in decision making
- design, construction and resource efficiency with sustainability as an objective
- precautionary principle, polluter pays as examples of drivers for sustainability
- the use of fiscal measures to drive change
- the Government’s National Strategy on Sustainable Development in England
and Wales and Choosing our future: Scotland's sustainable development
strategy .

1.2 Reasons for managing environmental risk

 Moral – duty of care; society’s attitude to environmental issues; sustainable


development; ethical issues
 Legal – the preventative (by enforcement notices, permits etc), punitive (through
criminal sanctions), and compensatory effects of law
 Economic – direct and indirect costs associated with environmental pollution,
environmental taxation (pros and cons), supply chain pressures, ethical
investment, relations with regulatory bodies and local communities.

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1.3 Principles of environmental hazard identification, risk assessment and risk
control

 Direct effects on the health and safety of people outside the workplace:
- hazardous substances
- fire and explosion
- radiation
 Indirect effects on the health and safety of people outside the workplace:
- food and drinking water safety
- pesticides
- global, regional and local environmental effects
 Effects on quality of life:
- nuisances such as noise, dust and odour
- visual amenity
- transport effects
- wastes from consumer products (packaging)
 Effects on plants, animals and natural systems:
- composition and dynamics of communities and ecosystems
 Assessment of environmental risks:
- data on environmental problems
- sources of information and advice on environmental risks
- use of environmental monitoring data to evaluate risk
- use of biological indicators to evaluate risk
- uses and limitations of external data sources
- awareness of the relationships between source, pathway and receptor when
assessing environmental risk
 Control strategies for environmental risks
 Risk control measures:
- technical, eg, selection of location, selection and efficient use of raw materials
and energy sources, process design, pollution control systems
- procedural, eg, systems of work, maintenance
- behavioural, eg, information and training for employees, information for the
public
 Factors affecting choice of control measures:
- long term/short term
- applicability
- practicability
- cost.
 Possible conflicts between protection of workers and protection of the environment;
reconciliation of such conflicts

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 Definitions of:
- aspect
- impact
- sustainability.

Recommended tuition time not less than 9 hours

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(September 2010 specification)

Element 2: Environmental risk evaluation


Learning outcomes
On completion of this element, candidates should be able to demonstrate understanding of
the content through the application of knowledge to familiar and unfamiliar situations. In
particular they should be able to:

2.1 Evaluate risks to the environment arising from workplace activities and substances
released to the environment
2.2 Identify when an environmental assessment is required and understand the processes
underlying preparation of environmental assessments and submission of a formal
Environmental Statement.

Content

2.1 Evaluate risks to the environment

 Cost benefit analysis


- cost benefit analysis as applied to environmental risks
 Environmental modelling
- principles and application of environmental modelling
- limitations of environmental modelling
 Life cycle analysis
- cradle-to-grave concept
- principles and techniques of life cycle analysis
 Assessment of environmental toxicity
- the meaning of Predicted No-Effect Concentration (PNEC)
- principles of environmental toxicity and ecotoxicity testing.

2.2 Environmental assessment

 Environmental impact assessment


- screening of projects requiring formal Environmental Assessment
- procedures for scoping, preparation and submission of formal Environmental
statements
- strategic Environmental Assessment; circumstances for its use, the role,
process and links with EIA
 General requirements and processes for assessment of environmental risk
- use of risk assessments undertaken under health and safety law for
environmental management.

Recommended tuition time not less than 9 hours

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Element 3: Control strategies for environmental risk


Learning outcomes
On completion of this element, candidates should be able to demonstrate understanding of
the content through the application of knowledge to familiar and unfamiliar situations. In
particular they should be able to:

3.1 Describe appropriate risk control measures


3.2 Explain a systematic approach to environmental risk management
3.3 Describe the requirements of emergency plans for their organisation, including their
development, monitoring and maintenance.

Content

3.1 Risk control measures

 Factors to be considered in selection of the best solution for an organisation based


on relevant risk
 Identification of control options under the hierarchy of elimination, substitution,
reduction or control
 Assessment to determine the Best Practicable Environmental Option (BPEO)
 Assessment of control systems to determine the Best Available Techniques (BAT)
and the importance of an integrated approach to pollution control.

3.2 Systematic approach to environmental risk management

 Explanation of environmental management systems (EMS) (BS EN ISO 14000


series, EMAS) and BS8555; quality management systems (BS EN ISO 9000
series); total quality management and health and safety management systems
(HSG65, OHSAS 18001); discussion of arguments for and against integration
 The steps in implementing an EMS; involving the stakeholders
 Establishing objectives and targets for environmental management performance
 Development of environmental policy statements
 Using EMS to drive continuous improvement
 Supply chain management
 Business benefits of EMS.

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3.3 Development, monitoring and maintenance of emergency plans

 An understanding of the need for emergency preparedness within an organisation


 On-site and off-site emergency planning
 Legal requirements
 Practising emergency plans, desktop etc.

Recommended tuition time not less than 7 hours

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Element 4: Monitoring, review and audit


Learning outcomes
On completion of this element, candidates should be able to demonstrate understanding of
the content through the application of knowledge to familiar and unfamiliar situations. In
particular they should be able to:

4.1 Describe appropriate indicators that may reflect an organisation’s environmental


management performance
4.2 Describe appropriate monitoring techniques and differentiate between active (pro-
active) monitoring and reactive monitoring.

Content

4.1 Performance Indicators

 Environmental management performance indicators, including incidents,


emissions, waste, water, energy, transport and travel, carbon dioxide and carbon
(measurement conversion).

4.2 Monitoring techniques

 Active and reactive monitoring:


- active monitoring measures including the monitoring of performance standards
and criteria and the systematic inspection of the workplace
- use of environmental inspections and their roles within a monitoring regime
- reactive monitoring measures including data on incidents, near misses,
emissions, waste, water and energy; complaints by workforce and neighbours;
and enforcement action
 Workplace inspections:
- role of inspections; factors governing frequency and type of inspection;
competence of inspector; use of checklists; allocation of responsibilities and
priorities for action
- the requirements for effective report writing (style, structure, emphasis,
persuasiveness, etc).
 Auditing:
- scope and purpose of auditing environmental management systems; distinction
between audits and inspections
- pre-audit preparations, information gathering, notifications and interviews
- responsibility for audits
- advantages and disadvantages of external and internal, in-house and
proprietary, environmental audit systems
- the range of environmental audit applications, including due-diligence audits,
compliance audits, management system audits and single issue audits (eg,
waste and energy).

Recommended tuition time not less than 5 hours

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Element 5: Developments in environmental legislation


Learning outcomes
On completion of this element, candidates should be able to demonstrate understanding of
the content through the application of knowledge to familiar and unfamiliar situations. In
particular they should be able to:

5.1 Describe the factors which have influenced the development of environmental law in
the UK during the second half of the 20th century and the first part of the 21st century
5.2 Describe the status and procedures for the creation of UK Acts and Regulations
5.3 Describe the arrangements for implementing EC Directives in UK law.

Content

5.1 Development of environmental law in the UK

 Development of prescriptive legislation in response to environmental problems -


Clean Air Acts, Control of Pollution Act 1974
 Development of ‘framework’ Acts - Environmental Protection Act 1990, Water
Resources Act 1991, Water Industry Act 1991, Climate Change Act 2008
 Development of environmental taxation: landfill tax and aggregates levy - Finance
Act 1996 and 2001
 Effects of international agreements and treaties on UK environmental law
 The role of the European Union in influencing UK law and its direct impact on
organisations and people.

5.2 Creation of UK Acts and Regulations

 The environmental legislative framework:


- Acts of Parliament, Regulations, Orders
 The purpose, role and status of Approved Codes of Practice, Environment Agency
guidance, Scottish Executive guidance and general guidance material.

5.3 Arrangements for implementing EC Directives in UK law

 Influence of the European Union on UK law


 Legal standing in member states of EC Directives and Regulations
 Principle of precedence.

Recommended tuition time not less than 5 hours

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Element 6: Environmental legislative framework and


methods of enforcement

Learning outcomes
On completion of this element, candidates should be able to demonstrate understanding of
the content through the application of knowledge to familiar and unfamiliar situations. In
particular they should be able to:

6.1 Explain the statutory obligations imposed on the organisation by the Pollution
Prevention and Control Act 1999 and its associated Regulations
6.2 Describe the powers of inspectors, different types of enforcement action and their
implications.

Content

6.1 Statutory obligations

 The Pollution Prevention and Control Act 1999 (PPC Act), The Environmental
Permitting (England and Wales) Regulations 2010 (and amendment regulations),
Pollution Prevention and Control (Scotland) Regulations 2012 and associated
legislation
 Development and application of Pollution Prevention and Control (PPC)
 Relationship between PPC and the regulation of water pollution, air pollution,
waste, land, energy, natural reserves and noise
 Structure and application of regulations to implement PPC
 BAT.

6.2 Powers of inspectors, different types of enforcement action

 The roles of the Environment Agency / Scottish Environment Protection Agency /


Northern Ireland Environment Agency / Natural Resources Wales
 Enforcement authorities:
- authorities empowered to enforce environmental legislation
- division of responsibilities between enforcing authorities
- powers of enforcing authorities and their inspectors
 Enforcement of environmental law:
- offences under EPA, PPC Act, Water Resources Act 1991 and Water Industries
Act 1991; Environmental Damage/Liability (Prevention and Remediation)
Regulations. In Scotland, for example: Water Environment (Controlled
Activities) (Scotland) Regulations 2011; The Public Health etc. (Scotland) Act
2008; and Water Environment and Water Services (Scotland) Act 2003; Public
Water Supplies (Scotland) Regulations 2014
- procedures for appeal against decisions of inspectors and enforcing authorities
- options for enforcement action: prosecution - summary, indictable (or solemn
in Scotland) and hybrid offences; civil sanctions.
- notices: prohibition and enforcement notices, their status and grounds for, and
effects of, appeal against them

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- other forms of notice: formal cautions, abatement, stop, suspension,
revocation, variation, remediation, Anti-pollution works, restoration, compliance
- maximum penalties on conviction in Magistrates’ and Crown Courts (in
Scotland Summary and Solemn Courts)
- other penalties: fixed monetary penalties, variable monetary penalties,
enforcement undertaking, non-compliance penalties, enforcement cost
recovery.

Recommended tuition time not less than 7 hours

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Element 7: Public access to environmental information

Learning outcomes
On completion of this element, candidates should be able to demonstrate understanding of
the content through the application of knowledge to familiar and unfamiliar situations. In
particular they should be able to:

7.1 Explain the format and content of information that is available to the public that is
relevant to an organisation’s environmental performance
7.2 Describe the activities of Non-governmental organisations in making information
available to the public
7.3 Review methods of presenting information on environmental management
performance in publicly available reports.

Content

7.1 Information available to the public

 Legal requirements affecting provision of information to the public


 Legal provisions affecting access by the public to environmental information
 Development and scope of public registers
 Development of the Pollutant Release Inventories.

7.2 Activities of Non-governmental organisations

 The role of:


- Friends of the Earth
- Greenpeace
- Royal Society for the Protection of Birds
- National Trust/National Trust for Scotland as appropriate
- Environmental Protection UK (previously known as National Association of
Clean Air and Environmental Protection)
- professional bodies
- the media.

7.3 Presentation of information on environmental management performance

 Development and content of corporate reports on environmental performance;


company and site annual reporting; producing and presenting meaningful
information; benchmarking and the use of indicators
 Identification of key stakeholders and developing relationships
 Environmental labelling.

Recommended tuition time not less than 5 hours

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Element 8: Civil liability in relation to environmental


pollution

Learning outcomes
On completion of this element, candidates should be able to demonstrate understanding of
the content through the application of knowledge to familiar and unfamiliar situations. In
particular they should be able to:

8.1 Identify the duties owed in common law by organisations and occupiers of land in
respect of environmental pollution
8.2 Explain the legal principles of decided cases and civil action.

Content

8.1 Duties owed and defences in common law

 Torts of negligence, breach of statutory duty, trespass and nuisance


 The duties owed by organisations and occupiers of land in respect of negligence,
breach of statutory duty, trespass, nuisance and the rule of ‘Rylands v Fletcher’
arising from environmental pollution.

8.2 Legal principles of civil action and decided cases

 Civil action
- damage for which tortfeasor is liable, damage of foreseeable type, date of
knowledge of risk, remoteness
- meaning of strict liability and interpretation in recent rulings
- strengths and weaknesses of a civil action founded on negligence, breach of
statutory duty, trespass, nuisance or ‘Rylands v Fletcher’
- differences in Scottish law in respect of nuisance and strict liability.
 Decided cases
- Rylands v Fletcher (1868) LR 3 HL 330 “that the person who for his own
purposes brings on his lands and collects and keeps there anything likely to do
mischief if it escapes, must keep it in at his peril, and, if he does not do so, is
prima facie answerable for all the damage which is the natural consequence of
its escape”
- Cambridge Water Co Ltd v Eastern Counties Leather plc (1994) 1 All ER 53;
[1994] 2 WLR 53; [1994] 2 AC 264; [1993] UKHL 12 development of rule in
Rylands v Fletcher; liability does not apply retrospectively in absence of
foreseeability of harm
- Hunter and Others v Canary Wharf Limited and Hunter & Others v London
Docklands Corporation (1997), the right to bring an action in nuisance is related
to ownership
- Margereson and Hancock v J W Roberts Ltd (1996) The Times 17.4.9;
extension of liability to cover community exposure.

Recommended tuition time not less than 5 hours

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Element 9: Solid and liquid wastes


Learning outcomes
On completion of this element, candidates should be able to demonstrate understanding of
the content through the application of knowledge to familiar and unfamiliar situations. In
particular they should be able to:

9.1 Describe wastes and effluents and determine their category


9.2 Explain the relevant legal requirements for the management of waste and effluent
9.3 Describe strategies for monitoring waste and effluents
9.4 Describe strategies for minimising waste and effluents
9.5 Identify appropriate control strategies and measures for solid and liquid wastes.

Content

9.1 Waste categories

 Principal categories of waste: controlled, non-hazardous, hazardous, special


(Scotland), clinical and radioactive
 Principal categories of liquid waste discharged to municipal wastewater treatment
plants: trade effluent, special category effluent
 Classification of waste - List of Wastes
 Specific legal requirements applying to each category of waste
 Legal requirements for specific types of waste including; waste food, dry recyclable
waste, waste electrical and electronic equipment; waste batteries and
accumulators; vehicles (end of life).

9.2 Legal requirements

 Application to waste of the Duty of Care


 Hazardous waste producer registration
 Transportation of waste; registration of waste carriers; brokers and dealers
 Licensing or authorisation requirements for waste management operations,
including storage, treatment and disposal; main exemptions from waste
management licensing or authorisation
 Offences for waste management
 Landfill disposal: Hazardous and non-hazardous landfill, landfill taxation.

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9.3 Monitoring waste and effluents

 Sampling and analysis of liquid effluents: grab sampling, continuous monitoring


 Sampling and analysis of solid waste
 Monitoring of leachate and landfill gas
 Guidance on the management of landfill gas, published by EA and SEPA.

9.4 Minimising waste and effluents

 Principles of waste minimisation and the waste hierarchy:


 Prevention
 Minimisation
 Re-use
- recycling
- composting
- energy recovery.
 Disposal
 Responsibilities under the Producer Responsibility Obligations (Packaging Waste)
Regulations 2007 and amendment regulations.

9.5 Control strategies and measures for solid and liquid wastes

 The range of engineering and procedural control measures and strategies that can
be applied to eliminate or, where not possible, reduce or render harmless solid or
liquid wastes at source
 Landfill: the principles of site selection, behaviour of wastes, site management
controls
 Waste and effluent treatment: the principles of chemical, physical and biological
treatment techniques
 Incineration: the principles of design technology, behaviour of waste.

Recommended tuition time not less than 13 hours

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Element 10: Gaseous and particulate releases to


atmosphere
Learning outcomes
On completion of this element, candidates should be able to demonstrate understanding of
the content through the application of knowledge to familiar and unfamiliar situations. In
particular they should be able to:

10.1 Describe the characteristics of emissions to the atmosphere and assess whether
emissions are likely to be subject to specific legal requirements
10.2 Explain the relevant legal requirements for the management of emissions to
atmosphere
10.3 Describe strategies for monitoring atmospheric emissions
10.4 Describe appropriate control strategies and measures for releases to atmosphere.

Content

10.1 Emissions to the atmosphere

 Types of emission: gaseous, vapour, mist, fume, smoke, dust, grit, fibre
 Types of substances that are prescribed for release to the atmosphere and types
of prescribed processes
 Classification of smoke: dark smoke, black smoke
 Air Quality Objectives and Air Quality Standards.

10.2 Legal requirements

 Duties of operators of prescribed processes for: Integrated Pollution Prevention


and Control and Air Pollution Control; furnaces; processes permitted as radioactive
substances activities under Environmental Permitting (England and Wales)
Regulations 2010 or the Radioactive Substances Act 1993
 Duties of the Secretary of State and local authorities under the Air Quality
Regulations 2000 and the Environment Act 1995, Part IV Offences under the Clean
Air Act 1993
 The function of the Committee on Climate Change
 Duties in respect of management of ozone depleting substances and fluorinated
greenhouse gases.

10.3 Strategies for monitoring atmospheric emission

 Sampling principles: grab sampling, continuous monitoring, isokinetic sampling, in-


situ or extractive monitoring, remote sensing; Technical Guidance Notes M1 and
M2; BS 1747; BS 1756
 Principles of gravimetric analysis, microscopic analysis, gas liquid
chromatography, mass spectrometry, atomic absorption spectrophotometry,
chemiluminescence, electrochemical cells and UV/IR spectrometry.

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10.4 Control strategies and measures


 The range of engineering and procedural control measures and strategies which
can be applied to eliminate, or where not possible, reduce or render harmless
emissions to the atmosphere; selection of appropriate control options for different
types of substance
 The general philosophy and application of emission standards and air quality
standards relevant to air quality management.

Recommended tuition time not less than 13 hours

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Element 11: Water resources management

Learning outcomes
On completion of this element, candidates should be able to demonstrate understanding of
the content through the application of knowledge to familiar and unfamiliar situations. In
particular they should be able to:

11.1 Describe the framework in which water is managed within the UK


11.2 Describe the characteristics of polluting substances released to water and assess
whether releases are subject to specific legal requirements
11.3 Explain the relevant legal requirements for the prevention or control of discharges to,
or abstraction from, controlled waters
11.4 Identify appropriate controls for strategies and methods for prevention and control of
discharges of polluting matter to controlled waters.

Content

11.1 Framework in which water is managed

 Water management framework


 River Basin Management Plans.

11.2 Polluting substances released to water

 Categorisation of effluents discharged to controlled waters


 Designation of controlled waters and water protection zones
 Surface water classification systems; water quality objectives and water quality
standards
 Types of substances that are prescribed for release to controlled waters
 The UK Red List and its relationship to the EU Black and Grey Lists
 Principal types of water pollutants
 Chemical, physical and biological properties.

11.3 Discharges to, or abstraction from, controlled waters

 Discharge consent procedures for trade effluent and Red List substances released
to surface waters and groundwater
 Duties of operators of prescribed processes
 Duties to prevent pollution, including prevention of pollution from fire-fighting water
runoff
 Cost recovery by the Environment Agency
 Effect of a ‘works notice’ under sections 161A to 161D of the Water Resources
Act 1991

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 Duties in respect of water abstraction licences or impounding licences
 Offences under water pollution law.

11.4 Controls

 The range of engineering and procedural control measures and strategies which
can be applied to eliminate or, where not possible, reduce or render harmless
releases of polluting matter to controlled waters.

Recommended tuition time not less than 10 hours

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Element 12: Control of environmental nuisance

Learning outcomes
On completion of this element, candidates should be able to demonstrate understanding of
the content through the application of knowledge to familiar and unfamiliar situations. In
particular they should be able to:

12.1 Describe the characteristics of noise and advise on measurement and assessment of
environmental noise levels
12.2 Describe control strategies and methods for the control of environmental nuisance
with reference to relevant legal requirements.

Content

12.1 Characteristics, measurement and assessment of environmental noise

 Basic acoustics: pressure, frequency, amplitude, intensity, power; weighting


scales; percentile sound levels; equivalent continuous sound pressure level
 Measurement of environmental noise
 Assessment of environmental noise and potential for complaint - BS 4142:2014.

12.2 Control of environmental nuisance

 Legislative requirements and guidance applying to environmental noise and


nuisance (including differences in Scottish law in respect of nuisance and strict
liability)
 Duties in respect of construction and demolition noise; BS 5228:-1:2009 (amended
2014)
 Duties in respect of noise emissions from industrial premises
 Noise mapping and action plans with reference to the Environmental Noise
Regulations 2006
 Definition of statutory nuisance
 Duties under the Environmental Protection Act 1990, Part III in respect of statutory
nuisance
 Offences relating to statutory nuisance
 The range of engineering and procedural control measures and strategies that can
be applied to control noise emissions at source, through propagation and at the
receptor.

Recommended tuition time not less than 5 hours

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Element 13: Hazardous substances

Learning outcomes
On completion of this element, candidates should be able to demonstrate understanding of
the content through the application of knowledge to familiar and unfamiliar situations. In
particular they should be able to:

13.1 Describe the environmental aspects of the legal requirements affecting supply,
storage, use and transport of hazardous substances
13.2 Identify the legislation affecting use of pesticides.

Content

13.1 Supply, storage, use and transport of hazardous substances

 Legislation applying to supply, storage, use and transport of hazardous substances


 Classification of hazardous substances, including substances hazardous to the
environment
 Prohibitions and restrictions affecting supply and use of hazardous substances
 Requirements for notification, permits and marking of sites where hazardous
substances are present
 Transport by road under the Carriage of Dangerous Goods and Use of
Transportable Pressure Equipment Regulations 2009

13.2 Legislation affecting use of pesticides

 Legislation applying to the control of pesticides


 Duties under the Food and Environment Protection Act 1985 and the Control of
Pesticides Regulations, the Plant Protection Products Regulations and the Plant
Protection Products (Sustainable Use) Regulations covering approval of pesticides
and certificates of competence.

Recommended tuition time not less than 5 hours

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Element 14: Environmental implications of development


and land use

Learning outcomes
On completion of this element, candidates should be able to demonstrate understanding of
the content through the application of knowledge to familiar and unfamiliar situations. In
particular they should be able to:

14.1 Explain the environmental aspects of developing and managing land


14.2 Identify hazards and assess risks associated with contamination of soil and
groundwater and advise management on the options for remedial treatment.

Content

14.1 Developing and managing land

 Classification and protection of the countryside, historic features and wildlife habitat
 Protection given to areas/features designated as: National Parks, Areas of
Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB), National Nature Reserves (NNR), local
nature reserves, Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI), Special Areas of
Conservation (SAC), Special Protection Areas (SPA), Tree Preservation Orders
(TPO), conservation areas, listed buildings, duty to promote biodiversity
 Protection given to protected species
 Planning requirements under the Town and Country Planning Act 1990 (see also
Element 2).

14.2 Contamination of soil and groundwater

 Definition of contaminated land: Environment Act 1995 section 57


 Environmental hazards associated with contaminated land
 Contaminated Land (England) Regulations 2006 and The Contaminated Land
(Scotland) Regulations 2000 and amendment 2005
 Effect of remediation notices served under Part IIA of the Environmental Protection
Act 1990; designation as special sites
 Offences relating to contaminated land
 Methods of investigating contaminated land and groundwater; BS 10175:2001
(Investigation of potentially contaminated sites. Code of practice)

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 Assessment of contamination: ‘Trigger Concentrations’ recommended by the
Interdepartmental Committee on the Redevelopment of Contaminated Land; role
of the ‘Dutch standards’ for soil and groundwater; Greater London Council
definition table; Contaminated Land Exposure Assessment Model and Soil
Guideline Values
 Remedial techniques for contaminated soil and groundwater.

Recommended tuition time not less than 8 hours

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Element 15: Energy use and efficiency

Learning outcomes
On completion of this element, candidates should be able to demonstrate understanding of
the content through the application of knowledge to familiar and unfamiliar situations. In
particular they should be able to:

15.1 Explain the environmental aspects of and legal requirements for business use of
energy
15.2 Describe strategies and actions to reduce overall energy use and manage carbon
emissions.

Content

15.1 Business use of energy

 Sources of energy; advantages and disadvantages of the alternatives


 Impact on the environment of burning fossil fuels in vehicles, buildings and plant
 Provision of information regarding energy efficiency
 Impact of carbon dioxide on the climate.

15.2 Reduction of energy use and carbon emissions

 Alternatives to fossil fuel as sources of energy


 Energy efficiency: relationship to cost and profit
 International and national control strategies for carbon dioxide emissions
 EU Emissions Trading Scheme and Climate Change Levy
 The requirements of the Energy Savings Opportunity Scheme Regulations 2014
(ESOS)
 Feed-in tariff and similar incentives.

Recommended tuition time not less than 6 hours

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Unit ED1: Tutor References

Statutory instruments

Legislation Country Element/s


Regulation 106/2008 (EC) on a Union energy-
EU Regulations 15
efficiency labelling programme for office equipment
Regulation (EU) 142/2011 EU Animal By-Products
EU Regulations 9
Regulation 1069/2009 and Implementing
Regulation (EC) No 649/2012 689/2008 of the
European Parliament and of the Council of 4 July
EU Regulations 13
2012 17 June 2008 concerning the export and
import of dangerous chemicals
Regulation (EC) No 1005/2009 Substances that
EU Regulations 10
Deplete the Ozone Layer
EC No 1107/2009 Placing of plant products on the
EU Regulations 13
market regulations
Regulation EC No 1272/2008 on classification,
EU Regulations 13
labelling and packaging of substances and mixtures
Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 Registration,
Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of EU Regulations 13
Chemicals (REACH)
Regulation (EU) 997/2017 amending Annex 3 to
Directive 2008/98/EC as regards the hazardous EU Regulation 13
property HP14 “Ecotoxic” Link to EU 997/2017

Anti-social Behaviour (Crime and Policing) Act


UK/Great Britain 12
2014
Batteries and Accumulators (Placing on the Market)
UK/Great Britain 9
Regulations 2008 (as amended)
Biocidal Products Regulations 2001 and
UK/Great Britain 13
amendment regulations
Building Regulations 2010 2000 Part L
UK/Great Britain 15
(conservation of fuel and power)
Carriage of Dangerous Goods and Use of
Transportable Pressure Equipment Regulations UK/Great Britain 12
2009
Civil Aviation Act 2006 UK/Great Britain 12

Clean Air Act 1993 UK/Great Britain 10

Clean Neighbourhoods and Environment Act 2005 UK/Great Britain 12

Climate Change Act 2008 UK/Great Britain 5, 10, 15


Climate Change Agreements (Eligible Facilities)
UK/Great Britain 10, 15
Regulations 2012 (as amended)
Climate Change Levy (General) Regulations 2001
UK/Great Britain 10, 15
(as amended)
Climate Change Levy (Registration and
UK/Great Britain 10, 15
Miscellaneous) Provisions Regulations 2001
Conservation (Natural Habitats &c.) Regulations
UK/Great Britain 14
1994
Conservation of Habitats and Species Regulations
UK/Great Britain 14
2010
Control of Asbestos Regulations 2012 UK/Great Britain 13

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Legislation Country Element/s


Control of Major Accident Hazards Regulations
UK/Great Britain 2, 3, 13
2015
Control of Pesticides Regulations 1986 (as
UK/Great Britain 13
amended)
Control of Substances Hazardous to Health
Regulations 2002 (as amended) UK/Great Britain 2, 13

Control of Trade in Endangered Species


UK/Great Britain 14
(Enforcement) Regulations 1997
Countryside and Rights of Way Act 2000 UK/Great Britain 14
CRC Energy Efficiency Order 2010, 2011, 2013
UK/Great Britain 10, 15
and 2014
CRC Energy Efficiency Scheme (Allocation of
UK/Great Britain 10, 15
Allowances for Payments) Regulations 2013
Detergents Regulations 2010 (as amended) UK/Great Britain 13
Eco-design for Energy-Related Products
UK/Great Britain 15
Regulations 2010
End of Life Vehicles (Producer Responsibility)
UK/Great Britain 9
Regulations 2005 (as amended)
End of Life Vehicle Regulations 2003 (as amended) UK/Great Britain 9

Energy Acts of 2008, 2010, 2011, 2013 and 2016 UK/Great Britain 15

Energy Information Regulations 2011 UK/Great Britain 15


Energy Savings Opportunity Scheme Regulations
UK/Great Britain 15
2014
Environment Act 1995 UK/Great Britain 10, 11

Environment and Safety Information Act 1988 UK/Great Britain 7

Environmental Information Regulations 2004 UK/Great Britain 7


5, 6, 9, 11, 12,
Environmental Protection Act 1990 UK/Great Britain
13, 14
Environmental Protection (Controls on Ozone-
depleting Substances) Regulations 2011 (as UK/Great Britain 10, 13
amended)
Finance Act 1996 and 2001 UK/Great Britain 5
Food and Environmental Protection Act 1985 (Part
III relating to pesticides) amended by the Pesticides UK/Great Britain 13
Act 1998
Flood and Water Management Act 2010 UK/Great Britain 11

Fluorinated Greenhouse Gases Regulations 2015 UK/Great Britain 10


Genetically Modified Organisms (Contained Use)
UK/Great Britain 13
Regulations 2014
Genetically Modified Organisms (Deliberate
UK/Great Britain 13
Release) Regulations 2002
Greenhouse Gas Emissions Trading Scheme
UK/Great Britain 15
Regulations 2012
Hunting Act 2004 UK/Great Britain 14

Licensing Act 2003 UK/Great Britain 12

© NEBOSH 2017 39
The Guide to the NEBOSH National Diploma in Environmental Management
(September 2010 specification)

Legislation Country Element/s


National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act
UK/Great Britain 14
1949
Noise Emission in the Environment by Equipment
for use Outdoors Regulations 2001 and UK/Great Britain 12
Amendment Regulations 2001, 2005 and 2015
Noise and Statutory Nuisance Act 1993 UK/Great Britain 12

Noise at Work Regulations 2005 UK/Great Britain 12


Notification of Cooling Towers and Evaporative
UK/Great Britain 13
Condensers Regulations 1992
Ozone-Depleting Substances Regulations 2015 UK/Great Britain 10

Packaging (Essential Requirements) 2015 UK/Great Britain 9

Planning (Hazardous Substances) Act 1990 UK/Great Britain 13


The Planning (Hazardous Substances) Regulations
UK/Great Britain 13
2015
Plant Protection Products Regulations 2011 UK/Great Britain 13
Plant Protection Products (Sustainable Use)
UK/Great Britain 13
Regulations 2012
Pollution Prevention and Control Act 1999 UK/Great Britain 2, 6, 9, 11
Producer Responsibility Obligations (Packaging
UK/Great Britain 9
Waste) Regulations 2007 (as amended)
Protection of Badgers Act 1992 UK/Great Britain 14
REACH Enforcement Regulations 2008 (and
UK/Great Britain 13
amendment Regulations 2013 and 2014)
Restriction of the Use of Certain Hazardous
Substances in Electrical and Electronic Equipment
Regulations 2012 (amended by the Waste
Electrical and Electronic Equipment and Restriction UK/Great Britain 13
of the Use of Certain Hazardous Substances in
Electrical and Electronic Equipment (Amendment)
Regulations 2014)
Road Traffic Act 1988 and 1991 UK/Great Britain 12

Salmon and Freshwater Fisheries Act 1975 UK/Great Britain 11


Storage of Carbon Dioxide (Licensing etc)
UK/Great Britain 13
Regulations 2010
Storage of Carbon Dioxide (Access to
UK/Great Britain 13
Infrastructure) Regulations 2011
Storage of Carbon Dioxide (Termination of
UK/Great Britain 13
Licences) Regulations 2011
Surface Waters (Abstraction for Drinking Water)
UK/Great Britain 11
(Classification) Regulations 1996
The Statutory Nuisance (Appeals) Regulations
UK/Great Britain 12
1995
Town and Country Planning Act 1990 UK/Great Britain 14
Transfrontier Shipment of Waste Regulations 2007
UK/Great Britain 9
(as amended)
Waste Batteries and Accumulators Regulations
UK/Great Britain 9
2009

© NEBOSH 2017 40
The Guide to the NEBOSH National Diploma in Environmental Management
(September 2010 specification)

Legislation Country Element/s


Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment
UK/Great Britain 9
Regulations 2013
Water Act 2003 and 2014 UK/Great Britain 9, 11

Water Industry Act 1991 and 1999 UK/Great Britain 5, 6, 9, 11

Water Resources Act 1991 UK/Great Britain 5, 6, 11

Water Supply (Water Quality) Regulations 2000 UK/Great Britain 11

Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (as amended) UK/Great Britain 14

Wild Mammals (Protection) Act 1996 UK/Great Britain 14

Access to the Countryside (Coastal Margin)


England 14
(England) Order 2010
Air Quality (England) Regulations 2000 (and 2002
England 10
amendment regulations)
Air Quality Standards Regulations 2010 England 10

Contaminated Land (England) Regulations 2006 England 14


Control of Endangered Species (Fees) Regulations
England 14
2009
Control of Noise (Codes of Practice for
Construction and Open Sites) (England) Order England 12
2015
Control of Pollution (Oil Storage) (England)
England 11
Regulations 2001
Controlled Waste (England and Wales) Regulations
England 9
2012 (as amended)
Environmental Civil Sanctions (England) Order
England 6
2010
Environmental Assessment of Plans and
England 2, 14
Programmes Regulations 2004
Environmental Damage (Prevention and
England 3, 6, 11, 14
Remediation) Regulations 2015
Environmental Noise (England) Regulations 2006 England 12
List of Wastes (England) Regulations 2005 (as
England 9
amended)
National Park Authorities (England) Order 1996 England 14
National Park Authorities (Levies) (England)
England 14
Regulations 1996
Nitrate Pollution Prevention Regulations 2015 England 11
Planning (Hazardous Substances) Regulations
England 13
2015
Radioactive Contaminated Land (Modification of
Enactments) (England) Regulations 2006 (as England 14
amended)
Statutory Nuisances (Artificial Lighting)
(Designation of Relevant Sports) (England) Order England 12
2006
Town and Country Planning (Environmental Impact
England 2, 14
Assessment) Regulations 2017

© NEBOSH 2017 41
The Guide to the NEBOSH National Diploma in Environmental Management
(September 2010 specification)

Legislation Country Element/s


Town and Country Planning (Local Development)
England 14
(England) Regulations 2004 (as amended)
Town and Country Planning (Regional Planning)
England 14
(England) Regulations 2004
Town and Country Planning (Tree Preservation)
England 14
(England) Regulations 2012
Water Resources (Control of Pollution) (Silage,
Slurry and Agricultural Fuel Oil) (England) England 11
Regulations 2010 and Amendments 2010 and 2013

England, Northern Ireland


Anti-social Behaviour Act 2003 12
and Wales
England, Northern Ireland
Noise Act 1996 12
and Wales

Anti-Pollution Works Regulations 1999 England and Wales 11


Energy Performance of Buildings (England and
England and Wales 15
Wales) Regulations 2012
Environmental Permitting (England and Wales)
England and Wales 6, 9, 10, 11
Regulations 2016
Hazardous Waste (England and Wales)
England and Wales 9
Regulations 2005 (as amended)
Landfill Tax Regulations 1996 (as amended) England and Wales 9
Natural Environment and Rural Communities Act
England and Wales 14
2006
Sulphur Content of Liquid Fuels (England and
Wales) Regulations 2007 and Amendment England and Wales 13
Regulations 2014
Urban Waste Water Treatment (England and
England and Wales 11
Wales) Regulations 1994
Waste (England and Wales) Regulations 2011 (as
England and Wales 9
amended)
Water Resources Act 1991 (Amendment) (England
England and Wales 11
and Wales) Regulations 2009

Air Quality Standards Regulations (Northern


Northern Ireland 10
Ireland) 2010
Anti-Pollution Works Regulations (Northern Ireland)
Northern Ireland 11
2003
Anti-social Behaviour etc. (Northern Ireland) Order
Northern Ireland 12
2004
Building Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2012 (Part
Northern Ireland 15
F)
Carriage of Dangerous Goods and Use of
Transportable Pressure Equipment Regulations Northern Ireland 13
(Northern Ireland) 2010
Clean Air (Northern Ireland) Order 1981 Northern Ireland 10
Clean Neighbourhoods and Environment (Northern
Northern Ireland 12
Ireland) Act 2011
Conservation (Natural Habitats &.) Regulations
Northern Ireland 14
(Northern Ireland) 1995
Controlled Waste and Duty of Care Regulations
Northern Ireland 9
(Northern Ireland) 2013

© NEBOSH 2017 42
The Guide to the NEBOSH National Diploma in Environmental Management
(September 2010 specification)

Legislation Country Element/s


Control of Asbestos Regulations (Northern Ireland)
Northern Ireland 13
2012
Control of Major Accident Hazards Regulations
Northern Ireland 2, 3, 13
(Northern Ireland) 2000 (as amended)
Control of Noise at Work Regulations (Northern
Northern Ireland 12
Ireland) 2006
Control of Noise (Codes of Practice for
Construction and Open Sites) Order (Northern Northern Ireland 12
Ireland) 2002
Control of Pollution (Oil Storage) Regulations
Northern Ireland 11
(Northern Ireland) 2010
Control of Pollution (Silage, Slurry and Agricultural
Northern Ireland 11
Fuel Oil) Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2003
Control of Substances Hazardous to Health
Northern Ireland 2
Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2003 (as amended)
Controls on Ozone-Depleting Substances
Northern Ireland 10
Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2011
Countryside Access Regulations (Northern Ireland)
Northern Ireland 14
1996
Countryside Management Regulations (Northern
Northern Ireland 14
Ireland) 2008
Energy Act (Northern Ireland) 2011 Northern Ireland 15
Energy Performance of Buildings (Certificates and
Northern Ireland 15
Inspections) Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2008
Environment and Safety Information (Northern
Northern Ireland 7
Ireland) Order 1993
Environmental Liability (Prevention and
Northern Ireland 3, 6, 14
Remediation) Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2009
Environmental Noise Regulations (Northern
Northern Ireland 12
Ireland) 2006
Environment (Northern Ireland) Order 2002 Northern Ireland 14

Food Waste Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2015 Northern Ireland 9


Fluorinated Greenhouse Gases Regulations
Northern Ireland 10
(Northern Ireland) 2009 (as amended)
Genetically Modified Organisms (Contained Use)
Northern Ireland 13
Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2001
Genetically Modified Organisms (Deliberate
Northern Ireland 13
Release) Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2003
Hazardous Waste Regulations (Northern Ireland)
Northern Ireland 9
2005 (as amended)
Industrial Pollution Control (Northern Ireland) Order
Northern Ireland 6
1997
Landfill Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2003 (as
Northern Ireland 9
amended)
List of Wastes Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2005
Northern Ireland 9
(as amended)
Nitrates Action Programme Regulations (Northern
Northern Ireland 11
Ireland) 2014
Ozone Depleting Substances (Qualifications)
Northern Ireland 10
Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2011
Planning (Environmental Impact Assessment)
Northern Ireland 2, 14
Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2012
Planning (Hazardous Substances) Regulations
Northern Ireland 13
(Northern Ireland) 2015

© NEBOSH 2017 43
The Guide to the NEBOSH National Diploma in Environmental Management
(September 2010 specification)

Legislation Country Element/s


Planning (Trees) Regulations (Northern Ireland)
Northern Ireland 14
2015
Plant Protection Products Regulations (Northern
Northern Ireland 13
Ireland) 2011 and Amendment Regulations 2012
Pollution Prevention and Control (Industrial
Northern Ireland 6, 9, 10, 11
Emissions) Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2013
Producer Responsibility Obligations (Packaging
Waste) Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2007 (as Northern Ireland 9
amended)
Radioactive Contaminated Land Regulations
Northern Ireland 14
(Northern Ireland) 2006
Statutory Nuisances (Appeals) Regulations
Northern Ireland 12
(Northern Ireland) 2012
Statutory Nuisances (Artificial Lighting)
(Designation of Relevant Sports) Order (Northern Northern Ireland 12
Ireland) 2012
Sulphur Content of Liquid Fuels Regulations
(Northern Ireland) 2007 and 2014 amendment Northern Ireland 13
regulations
Urban Waste Water Treatment (Northern Ireland)
Northern Ireland 11
Regulations 2007
Waste Batteries and Accumulators (Charges)
Northern Ireland 9
Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2009
Waste Batteries and Accumulators (Treatment and
Northern Ireland 9
Disposal) Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2009
Waste and Contaminated Land (Northern Ireland)
Order 1997 Northern Ireland 14

Water and Sewerage Services (Northern Ireland)


Northern Ireland 11
Order 2006
Water Framework Directive (Priority Substances
and Classification) Regulations (Northern Ireland) Northern Ireland 11
2015
Water (Northern Ireland) Order 1999 Northern Ireland 9, 11
Water Supply (Water Quality) Regulations
Northern Ireland 11
(Northern Ireland) 2007
Wildlife (Northern Ireland) Order 1985 Northern Ireland 14
Wildlife and Natural Environment (Northern Ireland)
Northern Ireland 14
Act 2011

Action Programme for Nitrate Vulnerable Zones


(Scotland) Regulations 2008 and Amendment Scotland 11
Regulations 2008 and 2009
Air Quality (Scotland) Regulations 2000 (and 2002
Scotland 10
amendment regulations)
Air Quality Standards (Scotland) Regulations 2010 Scotland 10

Anti-Pollution Works (Scotland) Regulations 2003 Scotland 11

Climate Change (Scotland) Act 2009 Scotland 15


Contaminated Land (Scotland) Regulations 2000
Scotland 14
(as amended)
Control of Noise (Codes of Practice for
Construction and Open Sites) (Scotland) Order Scotland 12
2002

© NEBOSH 2017 44
The Guide to the NEBOSH National Diploma in Environmental Management
(September 2010 specification)

Legislation Country Element/s


Control of Pollution (Silage, Slurry and Agricultural
Scotland 11
Fuel Oil) (Scotland) Regulations 2003
Designation of Nitrate Vulnerable Zones (Scotland)
Scotland 11
Regulations 2015
End-of-Life Vehicles (Storage and Treatment)
Scotland 9
(Scotland) Regulations 2003
Energy Act 2008 (Storage of Carbon Dioxide)
Scotland 13
(Scotland) Regulations 2011
Energy Performance of Buildings (Scotland)
Scotland 15
Regulations 2008
Environmental Assessment (Scotland) Act 2005 Scotland 2, 14
Environmental Impact Assessment (Scotland)
Scotland 2
Amendment Regulations 2009
Environmental Information (Scotland) Regulations
Scotland 7
2004 (as amended)
Environmental Liability (Scotland) Regulations 2009 Scotland 3, 6, 11, 14

Environmental Noise (Scotland) Regulations 2006 Scotland 12


Environmental Protection (Duty of Care) (Scotland)
Scotland 9
Regulations 2014
Freshwater and Salmon Fisheries (Scotland) Act
Scotland 11
1976
Genetically Modified Organisms (Deliberate
Scotland 13
Release) (Scotland) Regulations 2002
Landfill (Scotland) Regulations 2003 (as amended) Scotland 9

Landfill Tax (Scotland) Act 2014 Scotland 9


Management of Extractive Waste (Scotland)
Scotland 9
Regulations 2010
National Parks (Scotland) Act 2000 Scotland 14

Nature Conservation (Scotland) Act 2004 Scotland 14


Nature Conservation (Scotland) Act 2004
Scotland 14
(Authorised Operations) Order 2016
Planning (Control of Major Accident Hazards)
Scotland 2
(Scotland) Regulations 2005
Planning (Hazardous Substances) (Scotland) Act
Scotland 13
1997
Pollution Prevention and Control (Scotland)
Scotland 6, 9, 10, 11
Regulations 2012 (as amended)
Private Water Supplies (Scotland) Regulations
Scotland 6, 11
2006
Protection of Wild Mammals (Scotland) Act 2002 Scotland 14

Public Health (Scotland) Act 2008 Scotland 6

Public Water Supplies (Scotland) Regulations 2014 Scotland 6, 11


Radioactive Contaminated Land (Scotland)
Scotland 14
Regulations 2007
Scottish Landfill Tax (Administration) Order 2015 Scotland 9
Scottish Landfill Tax (Qualifying Material) Order
Scotland 9
2016

© NEBOSH 2017 45
The Guide to the NEBOSH National Diploma in Environmental Management
(September 2010 specification)

Legislation Country Element/s


Sewerage (Scotland) Act 1968 Scotland 9, 11

Special Waste Regulations 1996 (as amended) Scotland 9


Statutory Nuisance (Appeals) (Scotland)
Scotland 12
Regulations 1996
Storage of Carbon Dioxide (Licensing etc)
Scotland 13
(Scotland) Regulations 2011
Sulphur Content of Liquid Fuels (Scotland)
Regulations 2007 and 2014 amendment Scotland 13
regulations
Town and Country Planning (Scotland) Act 1997 Scotland 14
Town and Country Planning (Environmental Impact
Scotland 2, 14
Assessment) (Scotland) Regulations 2017
Town and Country Planning (Hazardous
Scotland 3
Substances) (Scotland) Regulations 2015
Urban Waste Water Treatment (Scotland)
Scotland 11
Regulations 1994
Waste Batteries (Scotland) Regulations 2009 Scotland 9
Waste (Recyclate Quality) (Scotland) Regulations
Scotland 9
2015
Waste (Scotland) Regulations 2012 Scotland 9
Water Environment (Controlled Activities)
Scotland 6, 11
(Scotland) Regulations 2011 (as amended)
Water Environment (Oil Storage) (Scotland)
Scotland 11
Regulations 2006
Water Environment and Water Services (Scotland)
Scotland 6, 11
Act 2003
Water Quality (Scotland) Regulations 2010 Scotland 11

Water Resources (Scotland) Act 2013 Scotland 11

Water Services etc (Scotland) Act 2005 Scotland 11


Water Services and Sewerage Services Licences
Scotland 11
(Scotland) Order 2006
Wildlife and Natural Environment (Scotland) Act
Scotland 14
2011

Air Quality Standards (Wales) Regulations 2010 Wales 10

Contaminated Land (Wales) Regulations 2006 Wales 14


Environmental Assessment of Plans and
Wales 2, 14
Programmes (Wales) Regulations 2004
Environmental Civil Sanctions (Wales) Order 2010
Wales 6
(as amended)
Environmental Damage (Prevention and
Wales 3, 6, 14
Remediation) (Wales) Regulations 2009
Environmental Noise (Wales) Regulations 2006 Wales 12

Environment (Wales) Act 2016 Wales 6

Hazardous Waste (Wales) Regulations 2005 Wales 9

© NEBOSH 2017 46
The Guide to the NEBOSH National Diploma in Environmental Management
(September 2010 specification)

Legislation Country Element/s


List of Wastes (Wales) Regulations 2005 Wales 9

National Park Authorities (Wales) Order 1995 Wales 14


Nitrate Pollution Prevention (Wales) Regulations
Wales 11
2013
Planning (Hazardous Substances) (Wales)
Wales 13
Regulations 2015
Radioactive Contaminated Land (Modification of
Wales 14
Enactments) (Wales) Regulations 2006
Town and Country Planning (Environmental Impact
Wales 2, 14
Assessment) (Wales) Regulations 2017
Town and Country Planning (Local Development)
Wales 14
(Wales) Regulations 2004
Town and Country Planning (Local Development)
Wales 14
(Wales) Regulations 2005
Water Resources (Control of Pollution) (Silage,
Slurry and Agricultural Fuel Oil) (Wales) Wales 11
Regulations 2010 and Amendment 2010
Water Supply (Water Quality) Regulations 2010
Wales 11
and amendment regulations

Other relevant references

Reference detail eg ISBN


Reference title Element/s
number
BS 4142:2014 – Methods for rating and
assessing industrial and commercial ISBN: 978-0-580-80051-1 12
sound
BS 5228-1:2009 + A1:2014 – Code of
practice for noise and vibration control on ISBN: 978-0-580-77749-3 12
construction and open sites
BS8555:2003 Environmental
management systems – guide to the
phased implementation of an
ISBN: 0-580-41471-X 3
environmental management system
including the use of environmental
performance evaluation
Duty of Care – A Code of Practice,
Link to CoP 9
Natural Scotland
HSE Books, ISBN: 978-0-7176-1695-4
Emergency planning for major accidents,
http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/priced/hs 3
HSG191
g191.pdf
Environmental Protection Act 1990: Part https://www.gov.uk/government/upload
2A Contaminated Land, April 2012, s/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/
14
Department for Environment, Food & 223705/pb13735cont-land-
Rural Affairs guidance.pdf
GPP 8: Safe storage and disposal of used
Published by NIEA, SEPA and Natural
oils (applicable to Northern Ireland, 9, 13
Resources Wales Link to GPP 8
Scotland and Wales)
GPP 21: Pollution incident response plans Published by NIEA, SEPA and Natural
(applicable to Northern Ireland, Scotland Resources Wales Link to GPP 21 3
and Wales)
ISO 9001:2015 Quality management
ISBN: 978-0-580-91816-2 3
systems

© NEBOSH 2017 47
The Guide to the NEBOSH National Diploma in Environmental Management
(September 2010 specification)
ISO 14001:2015 Environmental
ISBN: 978-0-5808-2611-5 1, 3, 4
management systems
ISO 14040:2006 Environmental
management, Life Cycle Analysis, ISBN: 0-580-48992-2 2
Principles and framework
ISO 9011:2011 – Guidelines for auditing
ISBN: 978-0-580-77524-6 4
management systems
Managing for health and safety (HSG65), HSE Books, ISBN: 978-0-7176-6456-6
3
third edition 2013 Link to HSG65
Published by Resource Efficient
Maximising re-use of materials on-site Scotland Link to Maximising re-use of 9
materials ...
OHSAS 18001 Occupational Health and
ISBN: 978-0-5805-9404-5 3
Safety Management1
Planning Advice Note PAN 33
http://www.gov.scot/Publications/2000/
Development of Contaminated Land, 14
10/pan33
2000, The Scottish Government
https://www.planningportal.gov.uk/plan
Planning Policy Statement 1: Delivering
ning/planningpolicyandlegislation/previ 14
Sustainable Development
ousenglishpolicy/ppgpps/pps1
Reducing fire risk at waste management
Published by Waste Industry Safety
sites, produced by the Waste Industry
and Health Forum (WISH) Link to 11
Safety and Health Forum, issue 2, April
Reducing fire risk ...
2017
Technical Guidance Note M18 –
Produced by the Environment Agency
Monitoring of discharges to water and 9, 11
Link to TGN M18
sewer
Waste Duty of Care Code of Practice,
Link to Waste CoP 9
DEFRA
Waste Management The Duty of Care – A
Link to CoP 9
Code of Practice, DAERA, NI

Notes
1 OHSAS 18001 will be updated to the revised ISO 45001 once this has been released.

© NEBOSH 2017 48
The Guide to the NEBOSH National Diploma in Environmental Management
(September 2010 specification)

4.2 Unit NED2: Application of environmental risk theory


and practice
Learning outcomes

 Demonstrate the ability to apply the knowledge and understanding gained from the study
of elements of Unit ED1 in a practical environment
 Carry out a detailed review of the environmental audit of a workplace or organisation
 Critically analyse and evaluate information gathered during the review
 Produce a justified action plan to improve performance.

Content
This unit contains no additional syllabus content. However, completion of study for unit ED1
is recommended in order undertake the unit ED2 project.

4.2.1 Purpose and aim


The aim of the project is to produce an audit of the environmental performance of an organisation
and a report reviewing any issues identified during the audit and recommendations to
management in order to address these issues.

The focus of the Unit ED2 project should be the application of the knowledge and understanding
developed in Unit ED1 to a real workplace situation. Candidates are required to demonstrate
the ability to carry out a range of activities that would be expected of an environmental
management practitioner.

4.2.2 Marking
Projects will be marked by an internal assessor – a person proposed to NEBOSH by an
accredited course provider and approved by NEBOSH. Internal assessors will normally hold
Full Membership of the Institute of Environmental Management and Assessment (IEMA), or
equivalent, and/or the NEBOSH National Diploma in Environmental Management (or
equivalent) with relevant experience.

A marking sheet will be completed by the internal assessor for each candidate and attached
to the candidate’s report. Sufficient time for marking should be allowed so that marked projects
reach NEBOSH by the submission deadlines given below:

 21 February 2018
 22 August 2018
 20 February 2019
 21 August 2019

Please note that the final submission date for this specification is August 2019.

© NEBOSH 2017 49
The Guide to the NEBOSH National Diploma in Environmental Management
(September 2010 specification)
Candidates who have not completed their qualification after this date must enrol for the
National Diploma in Environmental Management (September 2016 specification) or the
International Diploma in Environmental Management (September 2016 specification) if they
still wish to achieve the qualification.

Candidates must achieve the pass standard (60%) in this unit in order to satisfy the criteria for
the qualification.

4.2.3 Assessment location


The environmental audit must be carried out in the candidate’s own workplace. Where the
candidate does not have access to a suitable workplace, the accredited course provider
should be consulted to help in making arrangements for the candidate to carry out the audit at
suitable premises. Providers seeking to run the project unit in this way should contact
NEBOSH for advice and approval.

Candidates do not require supervision when carrying out the project, but the candidate must
sign a declaration that the project is their own work.

The candidates, employers and internal assessors should be aware that the status of the
environmental audit undertaken to fulfil the requirements of unit ED2, which is for educational
purposes only. It does not constitute an assessment or audit for the purposes of any
legislation or regulations.

4.2.4 Submission of completed work


Sufficient time for marking should be allowed so that marked projects reach NEBOSH by the
submission deadline (31 January and 31 July each year).

Any project not submitted by the relevant deadline will be declared at zero marks. The
candidate will then be required to re-register (and pay the registration fee) at the next standard
(or local) sitting date.

The accredited course provider should advise the candidate of the latest date by which the
completed project must be received by the course provider for marking. It is the responsibility
of the course provider to ensure that the completed projects are available to NEBOSH by the
submission deadline.

Candidates planning to post their projects to the accredited course provider are reminded of
the need to guard against loss in the post by sending their work by trackable delivery.
Candidates are therefore advised to retain copies of both their completed project and the
environmental audit proforma.

4.2.5 Further information


Further detailed information regarding the unit ED2 including forms and mark schemes can be
found in a separate guidance document for candidates and accredited course providers
available from the NEBOSH website (www.nebosh.org.uk): “Unit ED2: Workplace-based
project: Guidance and information for accredited course providers and candidates”.

© NEBOSH 2017 50
The Guide to the NEBOSH National Diploma in Environmental Management
(September 2010 specification)

5. Sample question paper

5.1 Unit ED1: Management of environmental risk

THE NATIONAL EXAMINATION BOARD IN


OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH

NEBOSH NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN


ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT

[DATE]
3 hours, 0930 to 1230

10 minutes reading time is allowed before the start of this examination. You may not write anything during this
period.

This paper contains eight questions. Answer FIVE questions only.


All questions carry equal marks.
The maximum marks for each question, or part of a question, are shown in brackets.
Start each answer on a new page.

1 (a) Identify how manufacturing activities may contribute to causing


the phenomenon known as the ‘Greenhouse Effect’. (14)

(b) Explain how the technique of life cycle analysis may be used to
understand the extent to which a manufactured product
contributes to the Greenhouse Effect. (6)

2 Outline reasons why many waste producers are seeking to minimise the
use of landfill as a disposal route for their industrial and commercial
waste streams. (20)

3 A manufacturing organisation uses large quantities of organic solvents for


degreasing metal products.

Outline the range of measures that could be adopted to minimise


emission of organic solvents to the atmosphere.
(20)

© NEBOSH 2017 51
The Guide to the NEBOSH National Diploma in Environmental Management
(September 2010 specification)
4 Describe the measures an organisation could take to minimise adverse
impacts on plant and animal communities (biodiversity). (20)

5 (a) Explain what is meant by the terms:

(i) ‘water quality standard’; (4)

(ii) ‘water quality objective’. (4)

(b) Using a suitable example, explain how a company can use


biological indicators to determine whether an effluent discharge
into a river could have a deleterious effect on the ecological
balance within the receiving water. (12)

6 Describe appropriate performance indicators that may be used to


measure an organisation’s environmental management performance
illustrating your answer with suitable examples. (20)

7 Describe the different pathways through which contaminated land may


affect human and other environmental receptors. (20)

8 Residents claim that dust emanating from a nearby waste transfer station
is damaging their property.

Describe the main grounds for action under civil law that might be
available to the residents. (20)

© NEBOSH 2017 52
The National Examination
Board in Occupational
Safety and Health

Dominus Way
Meridian Business Park
Leicester LE19 1QW

telephone +44 (0)116 2634700


fax +44 (0)116 2824000
email info@nebosh.org.uk
www.nebosh.org.uk

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