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Fundamental of Vibrations
Learning outcome
Basic concept of vibration
Classification of vibrations
Spring element
Simple harmonics motion
Harmonic analysis (Fourier series)
Review problems
At the end of this chapter, student should be able to state and apply
the fundamental principle of vibration involving:-
basic terminology and classifications of vibration
Hooke’s law and spring element
simple harmonic motion and harmonic analysis
What is Machine
Vibration?
(a) Repeating
forces
(b) Looseness
(c) Resonance
Simple pendulum
The motion of the bob can be described either by
using [x,y] coordinate or .
x & y are dependent on l x2 + y2 = l2
Thus, only is the independent coordinate
This is a 1 DOF system
Degrees of freedom
for the upper body of
the motion capture
skeleton (left) and the
robot (right). For the
human skeleton, all
joints are three degree
of freedom ball joints
except the ROOT
(6DOF), the elbows L
EB and R EB (1DOF
each), and the
clavicles L CLV and R
CLV (2DOF each)
Torsional system
The motion of the mass can be described by
using as coordinate.
This is a 1 DOF system
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c) d)
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e) f)
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the strain ℓ
the stress
ℓ
Combining these eqn.,
Solution
Consider a small section of the beam with length x (measured from the tip end)
The moment is given by
The equation of elastic curve is given by
Finally we have,
The deflection can be obtained when 0
Thus
...
Spring in series
The total elongation,
,
We have,
ks ks
a)
Ans:
b)
Ans: 4.69 10 /
.
The acceleration of the mass m is
.
MEC 521 – VIBRATIONS : Dr. Azmi M.Yusof 24
5.0 Simple Harmonic Motion
The vector OP have both
horizontal and vertical
components, and it can be
represented using complex-
number notation
or
cos sin
with and
tan
cos sin
Solution
Given: 0.30 10 , 0.2 ; 31.42 /
.
0.30 10 31.42 0.094 /
0.30 10 31.42 2.96 /
Solution
.
Given: 15 ; 5 /
; 0.053
.
0.067
.
5 94.26 471.3 /
cos sin
2
. cos .
. .
-2 - 0 2 t(s)
Solution
1 , 0
The function for the graph:
0
, 0
The period of the cycle : 2 s, thus 2 1
1 . 0 . 1.
. . 1 . . 0 1 cos .
∑ cos sin
∑ 1 1 . sin
2m
k
k E = 210 X 109 N/m2
I = 3.8 X 10-5 m4
m m 100kg
k
Ans : 1.5 X 106 N/m
4. Determine the maximum velocity and maximum 3. (a) 30 rad/s {4.77 Hz}, 0.21s (b) 10mm,
acceleration of a particle which moves in simple 300mm/s2, 900 mm/s2
harmonic motion with an amplitude of 3 mm and
a frequency of 20 Hz. 4. 0.377m/s, 47.3m/s2