Republic of the Philippines

Province of Cebu
City of Talisay
TALISAY CITY COLLEGE
Poblacion, Talisay City, Cebu
st
1 Semester, Academic Year 2020-2021

SPEC. SSC5: THE TEACHING OF SOCIAL STUDIES IN INTERMEDIATE GRADE

(CULTURE & GEOGRAPHY)
Module Writer GRACE A. BACALSO Department EDUCATION

09472608515 (SMART)
Teacher GRACE A. BACALSO Contact No.
09271292207 (GLOBE)
Program & Year Credit Units 3
The course aims to equip the students in the BEED program a strong background in local
history and culture. The background serves as an avenue for further inquiry of the
available resources in the community for the localization and contextualization of
Course Description teaching of elementary subjects. Areas to be studied include natural heritage of the
locality, tangible and intangible culture that are of great significance to the socio-
economic and political activities of the people in the place. In the end, they are expected
to come up with the profiling of available cultural resources in the community.
Create a blog site featuring the historical background and heritages of local
Culminating Outcome
community
Prelim Unit Outcome Produce a magazine depicting the historical background of the Philippine History

Student’s Name Curricular Yr.& Sec.

Contact No. Time Allotment 9 hours
Residence Inclusive Date/s

Module 1 Overview of Philippine History

CONTENT LEARNING OBJECTIVES
 Pre-Spanish Era At the end of this module, you …
 Spanish Colonization  Outline important Philippine historical events through diagram
 American Period  Generate early Filipino’s writing system (Alibata)
 Japanese Regime  Sketch perspective image that describes the Philippine History.

ENGAGE
Task 1: CROSSWORD PUZZLE

A short recall of Philippines History

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 ACROSS: DOWN:

1. Jose P. Laurel; a ____ president of Japan

1. A literary and cultural organization formed in 2. Highest class in social system during the
1872by Filipino emigrants who had settled in pre-Spanish era
Europe: ____ Movement 4. Sr. Sto. Niño
5. Supreme being ; ____la
3. a form government ruled by raja or datu
8. Blood compact
6. first name of the Philippines national hero
10. cause of death
7. state of being
12. a steamed ship vessel that transported
9. a title
the first American teachers
11. male headgear; symbolized the number of number
14. Me Ultimo ____
of persons that the wearer had killed
17. a solid surface of Earth
13. a sudden change in political power
14. the western Philippine colonizer after Spaniards 20. something that is given to someone

15. the working class 22. preposition

16. assimilation to different culture typically the 23. related to things (pr.)
dominant one
24. respect the elders
18. ___ Liga Filipina
25. North America
19. an upper part jacket with short sleeve worn by
men 25. a chief ruler of the Mindanao

21. a Philippine revolutionary society founded by anti- 27. chief ruler in Mindanao
Spanish Filipinos in Manila in 1982 29. a title for men
26. an amount given to head of the community to
32. a paddle
receive protection from the datu
33. introduced by Spaniard to Filipinos
27. a title of Rizal
28. one of the mineral resources found in the 35. a kind of grain
Philippines 38. Bonifacio
30. an article 40. Philippine Organic Act of 1902
31. a kind of verb
42. system of rules
34. priest
44. chief ruler in Visayas
36. farming of sort
46. The Second Philippine Commission
37. an agreement made by negotiation
47. a call to a mother derived from Spanish
39. I shall return words
41. the state of period of voluntary absence from
one’s country or home
43. ancient form of writing
44. dirt; route
45. the passage for an independence law
48. the traditional outrigger boat from Mindanao
49. Philippine people
50. Philippine Autonomy Act
51. Philippine president
52. barter

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EXPLORE

Commonly Confused Words

1. Enculturation – this is process of transmitting one’s culture to the next generation

Example: Parents teach their children the ways of living through enculturation.

2. Acculturation – this is a process of adopting the culture of another group.

Example: The early inhabitants were acculturated by the Spaniards with their beliefs
and political system.

3. Assimilation – the process of taking in and understanding one’s culture.

Example: Children assimilated the things they learned from their parents to what
they learned from their surroundings.

As far as history can gain historical perspective, the most

reliable information is the text from Laguna Copperplate
Inscription translated by Antoon Postma in 1990. It is a copper
metal sheet with ancient writings discovered in Laguna in 1989.
The writings in the plate described how early Filipinos lived their
lives in the land of Ophir (means “gold”; though this name is still
debated among scholars).

Pre-Spanish Era
https://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Literature/LagunaCopperplateInscription

The ancient inhabitants were already civilized because they already had rules and a government known as
“barangay” from the word “balangay” a boat the immigrants rode to settle in the archipelago. Once settled in the
island, they build their houses made of bamboo and palm trees. They lived their lives through hunting, fishing and
farming. Men and women started wearing clothes as they progressed with their economic activities. Males wore
“kangan”, a short-sleeved jacket paired with “bahag” a strip of cloth wrapped around the waist and dangled
between the legs. Moreover, this pair was complemented with a “putong” a headgear that symbolized the number
of people had been killed by the wearer. Meanwhile, women wore “baro or camisa” and “saya” which is a jacket
with sleeves and a skirt respectively. These kinds of clothing can be seen these days during the “Linggo ng Wika”
when you are asked to wear traditional clothing at school.

In every barangay, three social statuses were categorized: (a) the Nobles - composed of rulers and their
respective families usually the Lakan (Luzon), Raja (Visayas) and
Datu (Mindanao). (b) The Freemen – also known as the working
class. Last, (c) the Slaves – this class was regarded into 2; the
‘aliping namamahay’ who were not real slaves because they
would only serve their masters during planting and harvesting
season aside from forming their own families and building their
own houses and the ‘aliping sagigilid’ who were real slaves
because they were homeless and forbidden to have their own
families.

The roles of the chieftains were to make and to

implement laws, to maintain peace and order, to give
protection to their subjects, to act as judge during trials.
Leaders also formed alliances from neighbouring barangay to
keep peace and mutual protection and also trading. Sometimes,
the rulers made blood compact to strengthen their relationship.
https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/317222367479954580/
Since economic life had already started during this time,
paying taxes were imposed and punishable if neglected. Farming, Fishing and hunting were the sources of their
food. Barter started to exist aside from gold and silver coins. Not only domestic trading took place but also foreign
trading from Borneo, China, Japan, Cambodia, Siam (Thailand), etc.

Cultural beliefs were transmitted through enculturation that even courtship and marriage culture had to be
followed. Apart from that, religious beliefs had taken part into their culture. The ancient people worshiped ‘bathala’
as the supreme being and other gods and goddesses, too. Further, superstitious beliefs were always the same even
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in the modern generation. Living entities were believed like ‘aswang’ ‘dwende’ ‘kapre’ ‘tibalang’ and many others.
Some of you may have claimed being able to see these kinds of elements.

“Babaylan” was one of the teachers before and they used “alibata” as the alphabet and had a writing
system called “baybayin”. Among tattoo fanatics nowadays used these symbols and some of you might have one
because of its traditional aura. Another role of “Babaylan” is to heal sick people which are also brought until now.
Most of your parents still follow the traditional ways of healing from the “babaylan.”

Music has always been part of people lives so even in ancient civilization; early inhabitants had made their
own. Instruments like ‘plantiles’ (cymbals), ‘apjiw’ (nose flute), ‘gansa’ (brass gong), ‘colibao’ (long drum), ‘bansic’
(flute), ‘subing’ (bamboo harp), ‘paiyal’ (water whistle), ‘bugtot’ (guitar), ‘agong’ (xylophone) and ‘tugo’ (drum)
have existed. Due to this, music has been played since time immemorial lie victory songs (tagumpay), lullaby (uyayi),
wedding songs (ihiman), war songs (kumintang) and boat song (talindaw). Some oral literary pieces like riddle
(bugtong) and maxims (sabi) were also enjoyed during their free time. If you are a music lover and can play some of
these instruments, you might be able to distinguish each instrument and know their differences.

LEARNING TASK 1:

Would it have been better if Alibata and Baybayin were kept as Filipino’s alphabet and
system of writing? Why? Why not? Justify your answer. (Write your answer on a sheet of paper)

Spanish Colonization

On March 16, 1521, Ferdinand Magellan, a Portuguese explorer, set foot in the island of Moluccas Island or
the Spice Island. Upon knowing the trade happening in Sibu Island (now Cebu), Magellan set forth to witness the
exchange of goods in the island led by Raja Humabon. As a gift to the hospitality of the Raja and his wife, Hara
Humani or Humamay, Magellan gave the image of Sr. Sto Niño which later led to the conversion to Christianity of the
rulers and the people in the island. The real image of Sr. Sto. Niño is said to be kept inside the Basilica Minor de Sto.
Niño and it is displayed during the Sinulog Festival that most of us enjoy.

When Christianity was spread in the island, a cross was then planted
now known as The Magellan’s Cross. This site can be seen just outside the
Basilica of Sto. Niño and most of you still visit and light candles in fron of it
and say your daily petitions. Besides that, the name of the island was
changed from Land of Ophir to Filipinas in honour of King Philip II of Spain.
The journey did not stop in claiming and converting the island but also
Magellan wanted to meet the chieftain in the neighbouring island, Mactan.
However, before Magellan and his men reach the shore of Mactan, they
were greeted with spears and arrows led by the Raja Lapu-lapu. The Battle
of Mactan then happened like a blink of an eye that led to the death of
Magellan. Lapu-lapu then became the first hero who resisted colonization in
the Philippines. According to scholars, there were 3 reasons of the
colonization; 1. The spread of Christianity 2. Accumulation of gold and wealth
3. Supremacy of Spain over Portugal.

When the King of Spain knew about the death of Magellan he sent Juan http://ffemagazine.com/filipino-icon-santo-nino/
Sebastian de Elcano who rode “Concepcion”. Elcano took over the expedition
and brought back the ship, Victoria whom Magellan had used in his exploration, to Spain. It was King Charles I who
decided to colonize the Philippines. He sent several conquistadores from 1526 but only Miguel Lopez de Legaspi who
succeeded the plan in 1564. During the time of Legaspi, the Filipinos were forced to work and pay taxes to the
Spaniards which is called “encomienda”. Because of the slavery, some Filipinos plot a revolution against the
Spaniards. People read Dr. Jose Rizal’s work which led to the uprising of the Katipunero who was led by Andres
Bonifacio. The Colonization of Spain took 333 years because of the help the Americans and had hailed Emilio
Aguinaldo as the first Republic president.

LEARNING TASK 2:

Was the arrival of Spaniards in the Philippines a good advantage to Filipinos?

Why? Why not? Justify your answer. (Write your answer on a sheet of paper)

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American Period

The Americans arrived in the Philippines in 1901. They had helped the
Katipuneros to win the war. However, the Americans had already negotiated with
the Spaniards to hand the Philippines over to them and the so-called Mock Battle
of Manila Bay happened without the knowledge of the Filipinos. They not only
assisted the Filipinos during the Treaty of Paris but they also started educating the
Filipinos in regular classroom for free but different from the abuses of the
Spaniards. Thomasites were sent to teach the Filipino children using the English
language. Until now, you are still using the same alphabet for that the Americans
had introduced.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_alphab
During the Taft Commission. Filipinos were taught with self-government et
guided by sets of instructions by McKinley. Roads, bridges and buildings were rehabilitated under the care of the
Americans from September 1900 to August 1902. 400 laws were also enacted which includes 3 pro-American
Filipinos included in the government. The Copper Act also known as Philippine Bill of 1902 was established which
helped the Filipinos to have their own right, representative in the U.S. Congress and assembly which includes Sergio
Osmeña as speaker and Manuel L. Quezon as the Floor Leader.

In 1916, Jones Law Act also known as Philippine Autonomy Act gave way to the Filipinos to be independent.
This act allows the Philippines to practice 2 branches of the government that appointed Manuel Quezon as the
president of the Senate. Because of the new bill sponsored by Millaird Tydings and John McDuffie and signed by
Pres. Franklin Roosevelt in March 24, 1934, Manuel L. Quezon became the first Commonwealth president and the
second president of the Philippines.

Philippines political systems and organizations are still the same with some revisions from the leader. These
leaders are chosen by the people including you during the national and local election.

LEARNING TASK 3:

It had been known that The Battle of Manila Bay was only a scheme between Spaniards and
Americans so that The Philippines would be handed over to Americans. What is your opinion about
this? Justify your answer. (Write your answer on a sheet of paper)

Japanese Regime

The Philippines continued to progress both political, social and economic

status not until the Bombing of Pearl Harbour in Hawaii happened and the
Philippines fell in the hand of the Japanese. American and Filipino soldiers
suffered severely in the hands of the Japanese soldiers during the infamous
Death March and the KEPMPETAI, a military and secret police that killed anti-
Japanese people. Several individual and group militant started to be organized
like HUKBALAHAP (Hukbo ng Bayan Laban sa Hapon) to go against the Japanese.

Despite the colonization of the Japanese, the Philippines continued the

political affairs which made Jose P. Laurel the second Republican president who
was also considered as the puppet of the Japanese.

It was when Gen. Douglas MacArthur came back and aided the Filipino
http://talisayescapade.blogspot.com/201
guerillas fight back against the Japanese. In Cebu province alone, the Japanese took
5/09/talisay-city.html
3 entry point beaches including Talisay to attack the islands. One of the biggest
battles was in Leyte which was noted as the significant naval battle of WW II. The 3-year colonization of the
Japanese empire ended after the war.

After the World War II, the Philippines had to keep on striving harder to continue the political status of the
country. Municipalities and towns continued to rise and built their names to known nationally even during the new
society under the Marcos regime.

Ferdinand E. Marcos took the office from 1965 to 1986. Though there are so many things like infrastructure
program, employment issue and many others that the Marcos administration had done in the country, the
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proclamation of Martial Law made his way down. People resisted his regime until the EDSA Revolution led by
Corazon Aquino happened. She was even the next in position after Marcos was ousted in the office.

SKILL BOX
LEARNING TASK 4: Reading Skills
 Skimming & scanning
 Outlining
Why was Jose P. Laurel known as the puppet president of the  Categorizing
Japanese? Justify your answer. (Write your answer on a sheet of paper)

KNOWLEDGE-BUILDING
Assessment Task 1 Graphic Organizer
Summarize Philippine History using any types of Graphic organizer by getting
either of the following (timeline, cause/effect, organizational chart,
Instructions:
comparison/contrast, logical solutions, logical sequence of events, etc.) Make
sure to use the correct organizer for relevant information
Refer to Rubric for Selecting
Your Rating/Total
Basis for Rating: Important Information through 100
Graphic Organizer Points
ASSESS

OPTION 1: TRADITIONAL SUBMISSION

1. Write your answers on a separate clean sheet of paper.
2. Use proper margin.
3. Write a short introduction of what task is chosen:

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 TASKS:

Comparison/Contrast Investigate/Enumerate various aspects

Debatable Topics Cause/Effect
Chronologic Order of events Problem/Logical Solution
Life Story of a Character Steps of Process
Map out arguments

4. Provide Conclusion.
5. Attach your answer sheet to the module.

OPTION 2: SOFT COPY

1. Write your answers on a separate clean sheet of paper. SKILL BOX
Study Skills Strategies
2. MAGIN: narrow FONT: CANDARA FONT SIZE: 10 or 11  Following directions
 Outlining
PAPER SIZE: 8.5” x 13”  Inculcating digital tools
3. Write your COMPLETE NAME , PROGRAM/YEAR, and SUBJECT  Considering Plagiarism
 Note taking
4. Provide introduction (Refer to #3 of OPTION 1.) and conclusion
5. Send your file to your teacher’s email address through Google drive.

HOW TO USE GOOGLE DRIVE from ANDRIOD PHONE:

1. Go to your GOOGLE DRIVE in your mobile phone.

2. Create a folder with complete name and subject.
3. Save your output in the folder you made in your Google Drive.
4. Long press the folder to be submitted. Wait for it to turn BLUE.
5. Tap the vertical dot sign [ ‫ ] ׃‬on the upper right portion of your screen.
6. Tap “SHARE”
7. Type the email address of your teacher. Include a message if you want.

HOW TO USE GOOGLE DRIVE from LAPTOP/PC:

1. Open your Gmail account.

2. Click the 6-dotted drop-down sign [ :: ] near your profile picture.
3. Click “DRIVE” from the menu and your will be redirected to your DRIVE.
4. Create a folder with complete name and subject.
5. Save your output in the folder you made in your Google Drive.
6. Right Click the folder to be submitted.
7. Click “SHARE”
8. Type the email address of your teacher. Include a message
if you want.
9. Change “EDITOR” to “COMMENTER”
10. Click “SEND”

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 CRITICAL THINKING
Assessment Task 2 Phonology Booklet
Refer to the picture of the Alibata on page 3. Write a booklet that teaches
Instructions: every Level 1 learner of the symbol and how it is written. Take a sample of
“Unang Hakbang sa “Pagbasa” booklet as your guide.
Refer to Rubric for
Basis for Rating: Your Rating/Total Points 100
Booklet Making

Note: When creating booklets, you can use traditionally-made like using bond paper or use online applications
of your choice (e.g. Microsoft Publisher, Inkscape, Canva, etc.)

SKILL BOX
Strategic Planning
 Learning Baybayin
 Patronizing local heritage
 Designing creative booklet
 Identifying heritage

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 CREATING
Assessment Task 3 Editorial Cartooning
In your own perspective, draw anything that captures your attention about
Instructions:
the history of the Philippines and write your ideas about it.
Rubric: Refer to Rubric for
Editorial Your Rating/Total Points 100
Cartooning
Directions:
1. Decide what issue to exhibit pertaining to Philippines History and sketch image(s) about it.
2. Use any art materials available
3. Take pictures of your work if sent through Google drive or;
4. Attach your work together with your module for submission.

REFERENCES AND SUGGESTED READINGS

Pre Spanish period in the Philippines. (2013, May 28). Share and Discover Knowledge on LinkedIn
SlideShare. https://www.slideshare.net/Kate_JRG/pre-spanish-period-in-the-philippines
Philippine history: Spanish era. (2013, October 2). Share and Discover Knowledge on LinkedIn
SlideShare. https://www.slideshare.net/chelseabasaca/philippine-history-spanish-era
American colonization period in the Philippines (1901-1935). (2015, August 7). Share and Discover Knowledge on
LinkedIn SlideShare. https://www.slideshare.net/100000141603013/american-colonization-period-in-the-
philippines-19011935
The Japanese occupation in the Philippines. (2017, January 11). Share and Discover Knowledge on LinkedIn
SlideShare. https://www.slideshare.net/LanceSarmiento2/the-japanese-occupation-in-the-philippines

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LEARNING MODULE ENGAGEMENT CHECKLIST
Your feedback matters to us. The following are statements about the module. Please indicate the point to which
each statement characterizes your assessment on module by checking the appropriate box.

YES NO
 The module is easy to understand.
 The given instructions are clear.
 The given tasks are doable.
 The given information is complete.
 The teacher seeks ongoing feedback.

What is your personal thought on the module? __________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

ACADEMIC HONESTY STATEMENT

I confirm that I have read and fully understood the policies of Talisay City College with regards to Academic
Dishonesty, and that I am fully aware of its possible legal and disciplinary consequences.
Student’s Signature Over
Checked by
Printed Name GRACE A. BACALSO
E-mail
E-mail Address xhiabbez@live.com
Address
Date
Date Submitted
Received

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