Vector Addition

Vector Addition
• Is a method of adding vectors to determine
the “sum of vectors” also known as resultant
vector.
Combining example 1 & 2 in the previous
lesson.
A student walks 5 km North, then walks 7
km, 60° North of East then stop. What is the
location of the student from the starting point?
 Methods in Getting Resultant
1. Graphical Method – plotting of
V2
vectors(arrow) V 1

a. Head-to-Tail(Triangle)Method R
V1 R
b. Parallelogram Method
https://ophysics.com/k1.html V2

2. Analytical Method - computation

a. Component Method – uses trigonometry
b. Sine & Cosine Law Method – uses Sine & Cosine
Law
 Head-to-Tail(Triangle) Method
5 km, North
7 km, 60° N of E
V2

R
V1
 Parallelogram Method
5 km, North
7 km, 60° N of E

V1 V2
 Head-to-Tail(Triangle) Method
3.0 km, 15° S of W
6.5 km, 30° S of E
5.0 km, East

V1

R
V2
V3
 Analytical Method
1. Component Method – uses trigonometry
X Y
V1 SOHCAHTOA
𝑂𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒
V2 𝑆𝑖𝑛 = 𝐻𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑒
𝐴𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡
Sum Cos = 𝐻𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑒
Resultant 𝑂𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒
Tan = 𝐴𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡

V2
Vy
60°

Vx
 Analytical Method
2. Sine & Cosine Law Method
Sine Law Cosine Law
sin 𝐴 sin 𝐵 sin 𝐶
= = 𝑐 2 = 𝑎2 + 𝑏2 − 2𝑎𝑏 cos 𝐶
𝑎 𝑏 𝑐
 Component Method
1. Component Method – uses trigonometry
X Y SOHCAHTOA
𝑂𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒
V1 0 5.0 𝑆𝑖𝑛 =
𝐻𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑒
V2 3.5 6.1 𝐴𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡
Cos =
𝐻𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑒
Sum 3.5 11.1 𝑂𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒
Tan =
Resultant 12, 𝐴𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡
𝑣𝑥
V2 cos 60° =
𝑣2
5.0 km, North
𝑣𝑥 = cos 60° (7.0) = 3.5
V2 7.0 km, 60° N of E
𝑣𝑦
V1 Vy R sin 60° =
𝑣2
V1 𝑣𝑦 = sin 60° (7.0) = 6.1
Vx
 Component Method
1. Component Method – uses trigonometry
X Y SOHCAHTOA
𝑂𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒
V1 0 5.0 𝑆𝑖𝑛 𝜃 =
𝐻𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑒
V2 3.5 6.1 𝐴𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡
Cos 𝜃 =
Sum 3.5 11.1 𝐻𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑒
𝑂𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒
Resultant 12 km, 18° N of E Tan 𝜃 =
𝐴𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡
V2
3.5 5.0 km, North 3.5
Tan 𝜃 = 11.1
11.1 7.0 km, 60° N of E
𝑅 = 12 R −1
3.5
𝜃 𝜃 = tan
11.1
V1
𝜽 = 𝟏𝟖° 𝑬 𝒐𝒇 𝑵
 Sine and Cosine Law Method
1. Cosine Law – to compute for resultant
5.0 km, North 𝑐 2 = 𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 − 2𝑎𝑏 cos 𝐶
7.0 km, 60° N of E 𝑅2 = 𝑉1 2 + 𝑉2 2 − 2𝑉1 𝑉2 cos 𝑟
𝑉1 =5.0 𝑉2 = 7.0 r=150°
V2 V2 𝑅 = 𝑉1 2 + 𝑉2 2 − 2𝑉1 𝑉2 cos 𝑟

60° 𝑅= 5.02 + 7.02 − 2(5.0)(7.0) cos 150°

R
R
V1
V1
𝑹 = 𝟏𝟏. 𝟔 ≈ 𝟏𝟐
 Sine and Cosine Law Method
1. Sine Law – to compute for the angle
𝐴 𝐵 𝐵
5.0 km, North = =
7.0 km, 60° N of E sin 𝑎 sin 𝑏 sin 𝑐
𝑅 𝑉1 𝑉2
sin 𝑟
= sin 𝑣1
= sin 𝑣2
11.6 7
V2 V2
sin 150°
= sin 𝑣2
sin 150°(7)
sin 𝑣2 = 11.6
60°
R
sin 150° 7
R
𝑣2 = sin−𝟏
V1
V1
11.6
𝑣2
𝑣2 = 𝜃 = 18° 𝐸 𝑜𝑓 𝑁
𝑹 = 𝟏𝟐 𝒌𝒎, 𝟏𝟖° 𝑬 𝒐𝒇 𝑵