Research Paper Finaaaaaaalllllllllllllllllllllll

Running head: Student’s perspective on SOGIE bill
The Perspective of Baguio City National Science High School
Students on Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity Expression Bill
Caoile, Shanelle Kianne E.
Delos Santos, Aleah Erika E.
Fernandez, Miguel Jonathan E.
Leano, Maria Cielo G.
Solis, Mario N.
Academic Track, Baguio City National Science High School
Authors’ note
The researchers of this study are students of the Science, Technology, Engineering and
Mathematics Strand. Correspondence to this paper should be directed to Ms. Caoile
@kianne.cl@gmail.com. Special thanks to Sir Bernie S. Beraquit for the supervision.

Abstract
The Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity and Expression (SOGIE) bill is a proposed
legislation that became a major issue due to different events associated to it. There were many
reactions regarding this bill and more often than not, the media focused on the perspective of
important people. This paper aims to determine the perspective of normal citizens, specifically,
the students of Baguio City Science National High School, on SOGIE bill as well as the factors
that might have affected their perspective This is a qualitative study in which ten senior high
school students were interviewed after getting written informed consent. Five of the participants
are homosexuals and the other five are heterosexuals. All the interviews were transcribed and
analyzed using cool and warm analysis, through this 13 themes were generated. Findings of the
study suggest that the Heterosexuals have a more positive or neutral stance regarding the bill
while the homosexual have a more negative or neutral stance. It was also found out that the
factors that may have affected their thoughts include: Mass media, Religion, Family and
Friends, Desire for more laws, and gender identity.
Keywords: Students, Perspective, SOGIE bill, Factors
Table of Contents
2
Abstract...................................................................................................................................... 2
Introduction................................................................................................................................ 4
Background of the study...........................................................................................................4
Review of Related Literature....................................................................................................6
Statement of the Problem.........................................................................................................9
Significance of the Study..........................................................................................................9
Methodology............................................................................................................................ 10
Research Design.................................................................................................................... 10
Participants of the study......................................................................................................... 10
Data Gathering Tools............................................................................................................. 11
Data Gathering Procedure.....................................................................................................11
Data analysis.......................................................................................................................... 12
Findings and Discussions......................................................................................................16
Conclusions and Recommendations.....................................................................................23
Conclusions........................................................................................................................... 23
Recommendations................................................................................................................. 24
Bibliography............................................................................................................................. 25
Appendices.............................................................................................................................. 30
Letter...................................................................................................................................... 30
Interview questions................................................................................................................ 31
Transcript of interviews.......................................................................................................... 32
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Introduction
Background of the study
In the Philippines, one of the first communities that emerged in 1960’s is the gay culture.
According to Gracia, the discussion regarding the third sex during the 60’s also included the
lesbians[ CITATION Out18 \l 1033 ]. Due to this, the LGBTQIA++ community already started. As
the LGBT community grows bigger, it more likely to experience intolerance, discrimination,
harassment, and the other threat of violence due to sexual orientation, than those that identify
themselves as heterosexual ( Subhrajit, 2014). There are different laws that cover the protection
of the rights of everyone, but there are no specific laws that talks about the rights of LGBT in the
Philippines. There are no intentions to pass national anti- discrimination laws that exclusively
seek to protect LGBT people. Instead, the protection of LGBT people from discrimination is
included in proposed laws against discrimination based on race, ethnicity and religion (UNDP &
USAID, 2014).
As of today, there is a bill that caught the attention of everyone because of some various
controversies concerning to the LGBTQIA++. Some of these are the Metro Manila and Ateneo
Pride March, and the case about Gretchen Diez. Pride marches are events that celebrate social
and self-acceptance, achievements, legal rights, and pride. “Most pride events occur around
June to commemorate the 1969 Stonewall riots, which is a turning point in modern LGBTQ
social movements” (Wythe, 2011). “The Metro Manila Pride aims to educate, equip and
empower the Filipino LGBTQIA+ and their communities to work towards a future that recognizes
and respects the rights of persons to a dignified life without discrimination and prejudice”
(mmpride.org, 2019).The Ateneo Pride march also has a similar aim though it is within a smaller
part of the society, this aim is to build a “gender-inclusive, gender-responsive, and gender-safe”
Ateneo (Rappler, 2019). The main controversy happened last August 13, 2019 when Gretchen
Diez, a transgender woman, was harassed by a janitress and prevented from using the
women’s restroom (Talabong, 2019) this event later led her to becoming the face of the
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LGBTQIA++. Because of these key figures, there are lots of discussions on how to solve
discriminations to the LGBTQIA++ through the SOGIE Bill (Rosero, 2019). The SOGIE Bill was
raised specially on the case of Gretchen Diez, causing uproar on various institutions in the
Philippines. These key figures not only led to the uproar, but also motivated a biased
perspective among the citizens of the Philippines.
The SOGIE (Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity and Expression) bill is a proposed
legislation that was submitted to the congress of the Philippines last February 2017. Earlier
versions of this bill was made by various senators in the duration of almost two decades. SOGIE
bill seeks to eliminate discriminatory practices based on sex, sexual orientation or gender
identity or expression by proscribing and penalizing several discriminatory practices (SOGIE bill,
2017). This bill also seeks to attain unbiased acquisition of public services, elimination of abuse
and harassment because of gender identity or expression, proper implementation of Freedom of
expression (SOGIE bill, 2017).
There are people who support the implementation of the SOGIE bill. Some are part of
the LGBTQIA++ and some are part of the religious sector, such as Sister Mary John Mananzan,
St. Scholastica College's Vice President of External Affairs and Director of the Institute of
Women's Studies, she said she supports the bill because it fights for the rights of a group of
people who have been victims of discrimination[ CITATION Dha19 \l 1033 ]. In addition to this,
Koko Alviar of the Iglesia Filipina Independiente, said that the church supports the SOGIE
Equality Bill because the full realization of human rights is a way of establishing heaven on
earth[ CITATION Dha19 \l 1033 ]. Also, some of the people who made and proposed the SOGIE
bill are part of the senate. Despite this, there are still people who do not support the SOGIE bill.
Moreover, some of them used to be part of the LGBTQIA++, such as Cesar Buendia. Cesar
Buendia, represents a group of “former homosexuals redeemed and changed by Jesus Christ,”
said the bill guarantees rights to its citizens “based on mere perceptions, beliefs and mindsets.”
5
and that “it is dangerous”[ CITATION Dha19 \l 1033 ]. Besides that, lawyer Lyndon Caña of the
Coalition of Concerned Families of the Philippines said that the SOGIE Equality Bill is in itself
discriminatory for being “one-sided [ CITATION Dha19 \l 13321 ].Furthermore, some people on the
senate do not support the SOGIE bill, as Senate President Vicente Sotto III said there are at
least 15 who oppose of the SOGIE Bill [ CITATION Aik19 \l 13321 ].
This now creates confusion about the stand of people on the SOGIE Bill, especially that;
some people in the senate do not support it, some that are members or used to be a member
do not support it, and that there are religious sectors that support it and others do not. Due to
this the researchers want to determine the perspective of other people. Based on the articles
taken, the perspective of people regarding the SOGIE bill were directed mostly to important
people, because of this reason, the researchers would like to determine the thoughts of normal
citizens such as the students of Baguio City Science National High School.
Through this study, the researchers believe that more knowledge about the perspective
of the population would be acquired. This study is important because the perspective of the
people would not only affect the possible implementation of the law in the future but also
determine whether or not people are knowledgeable about the current situation. Also, through
this study, the researchers may be able to gauge what is the side that currently has more
support.
Review of Related Literature

Early work concerning the LGBT are focused on the challenges faced by homosexuals
in different sectors of the society. Poudel (2018) stated that religion was not supportive towards
LGBT and this showed powerful influence on many aspects including education and politics. In
addition to this, The LGBT also lacks legal protection and continue to face mental health issues
and discrimination at different places. This discrimination is further explained by other
researches and reports. According to Calleja, Grech, Lepre, Knight and Naudi (2011) incidents
6
of discrimination in the field of employment still happen despite the Equal Treatment in
Employment Regulations’ addressing discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation in
employment. According to UNDP and USAID (2014) for homosexual people, discrimination
starts even before they are employed. It was also reported that there were instances when
LGBT people are hired in order for them to be abused. And according to Coleman (2016) the
LGBT has small support groups in universities which resulted to some “experiences” because
they only receive minimal support.
Other works concerning the LGBT focus more on the the effects of discrimination not
only on the LGBT but as well as the Society. A research conducted by Badgett, Park, &Flores
(2018) says that LGBT Inclusion is strongly correlated with GDP per capita. Furthermore, they
said that more laws regarding LGBT inclusion will result to higher levels of legal rights and
public acceptance. Both of these reinforce each other and thereby indirectly affect GDP per
capita. Another research conducted by Brown, Paterson , and Walters (2018) stated that hate
crimes wherein a member of the LGBT community, results to more pronounced emotional and
behavioral responses of the community than non‐hate crimes.Furthermore LGBT hate crime
victims receive much more emphathy that comparable non hate crime victims. And According to
Rivers, Gonzales, Nodin, Peel, and Tyler(2018) LGBT members are more likely to attempt
suicide during youth compared to heterosexual and/or cisgender people, However with the use
of various coping methods, suicidal crisis is gradually eliminated.
While the aforementioned literature focused about the stuggles of the LGBT community
and its effects on the LGBT and the society, other literature discussed about the need of laws
and analysis on the status quo and implementation of various laws as well as possible solutions
to the existing struggles of the LGBT community. According to Ruivivar (2018) The Anti-LGBTQ
Discriminatory ordinance promotes active engagement and Institutional willingness but in return,
spaces, resources and programs will possibly be not accessible. According to Majeedullah,
7
Mills, and Wied (2016)” laws are used to regulate what constitutes a family” and the family is a
space in which sexuality norms are reinforced, thus if laws concerning sexuality are
implemented, there is a possiblility that society will change its norms. According to Choi and
Meyer (2016) “effective culturally sensitive training for service providers could improve the
experience of LGBT elders with health care providers”, which is delayed due to discriminatory
practices. According to Guido, Ladan, and Robillos (2015) factors that hinder the
implementation of anti discrimination include unequal treatment by politicians, religious
opposition and health related crisis such as HIV and AIDS. According Manalastas and Torre
(2013) an avenue for empowerment and equal human rights for LGBT is collective action that
leads to social change. And according to Duhaylungsod, Madrid, Lapiz, Pongasi, and Tan
(2018) majority of students support the LGBT and are able to become an ally.
All in all, the presented literature discussed the struggles of the LGBT community, the
effects of gender discrimination not only to the LGBT but also the society, the need of laws, the
analysis on the status quo and implementation of various laws, and the possible solutions to the
existing struggles of the LGBT community. While most of the literature discussed about these
things and mentioned the need of proper laws that will help the LGBT, there wasn’t any
discussion regarding the stance of the affected people in their respective communities. Though
some may have discussed the perspective of the people affected by the LGBT related laws,
there was no discussion regarding the perpective of heterosexuals nor comparison on the
perspective of heterosexuals and homosexuals regarding the implementation of LGBT related
laws. Furthermore, the literature discussed did not delve on the factors that may have affected
the perpective of the participants. This gap in knowledge motivated the researchers to create a
research regarding the perspective heterosexuals and homosexuals regarding the
implementation of LGBT related laws, such as SOGIE bill, as well as the factors that may have
affected these perspectives.
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Statement of the Problem

This study aims to identify the perspective of Baguio City National
Science High School student on SOGIE bill. Specifically to answer the
following questions:
1. What is the perspective of the heterosexual students about SOGIE
bill?
2. What is the perspective of the LGBTQIA++ students about SOGIE
bill?
3. What are the factors that affect their opinion on SOGIE bill?
Significance of the Study

The study conducted can benefit the following:
Students. This study can help broaden the student’s knowledge about SOGIE bill.
Schools. This study can help the schools identify whether or not new rules should be
implemented. (Doesn’t necessarily mean SOGIE bill but rules in the school to diminish the act of
discrimination)
Senate. This study can help the senate decide if the bill should be implemented or not.
Future Researchers. The results of this research would be useful for the researchers who plan
to make any related study to the perspective of students or other masses about the SOGIE bill.
9
Methodology
Research Design
Since the research aims to explain certain phenomenon through the perspective of the
students, it is designed as descriptive study specifically phenomenology. It is because
phenomenology covers the lived experiences of the people involved in the study and it is useful
for understanding subjective experience.
Participants of the study

The participants recruited are from the senior high school students of Baguio City
National Science High School. The participants are senior high school students because it is
easy to get data, there would be no issues regarding safety because it is not done outside the
school, and it is possible to get data in a given amount of time. To be able to participate in this
study, the participant must be a senior high school student of Baguio City National Science High
School, and knowledgeable about SOGIE bill, thus the researchers used purposive sampling in
finding participants. The researchers used this sampling method to be able to find participants
who could give substantial information in a given amount of time. Due to the difficulty in finding
homosexual or knowledgeable participants, the researchers used questionnaires which contain
questions concerning the student’s gender and self-assessment of their knowledge on SOGIE
bill. The assessment on their knowledge was measured using a scale of one through ten, with
one being the lowest and ten being the highest. The questionnaires were distributed to and
collected from all the Senior High School sections in Baguio City National Science High School.
Through choosing participants with a self-assessment score of six and above, five heterosexual
participants and five homosexual participants were chosen.
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Data Gathering Tools

This is a phenomenological study that used in-depth semi-structured interviews, this
means that the interviewer could restate the given question should the participant fail to
understand the question or deviate from the topic. The interviewers used interview guides
throughout the interview to be able to achieve a smooth flow in conversation and give the
participant a rough clue on what the next questions would talk about.
Data Gathering Procedure

After the participants were chosen, the researchers contacted these participants and
gave them a letter of consent. After the participants gave their consent, the researchers started
the interviews depending on the interviewee’s preference as to when to start. In the interviews,
at least two interviewers were present. The interviews lasted for at least five minutes and were
recorded and transcribed in verbatim. The data from the transcription were then analyzed using
cool and warm analysis and arranged in a repertory grid. Through this, the researchers were
able to find significant statements that answer the research questions and these statement were
grouped. From the grouped statements, thirteen themes emerged. In this research, there is a
possibility that the participants’ identity, along with their statements, may be revealed. The
researchers tried to avoid this as much as possible by using a pseudonym for the participants’
names. Also, a hard copy of the transcript the interview was handed to the participants a day
after the interview. After this, the participant has the right to withdraw from the research in two
days’ time from the day the transcript was given.
Data analysis
Research Cool Analysis Warm Analysis Emerging
Questions Themes
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1. W h a t i s t h e  It’s just make people equal no Less discrimination Beneficial

perspective matter gender is or something
of the  It promotes less discrimination.
heterosexual Since, the fact that it exists is a
students testament to the fact that our
discrimination laws are lacking
about SOGIE
 The SOGIE bill, overall, promotes
bill
less discrimination not only for the
people…but for everyone. So I
guess it would benefit me
Good to be
 It is okay to be implemented, implemented
because it fights for the rights
of LGBTQ community and
heterosexuals
 Its all right.
 Im not yet sure about my
sexual identity when I change I
guess it’s kinda helpd me .
 It doesn’t have a lot of effects No effect No effect

when it comes to me and I
wouldn’t gain anything from it
 There are no unfavorable
effects (as well as favorable
effects)
 It has no favorable effects,
since I have not encountered
any means of discrimination
because of my SOGIE
 I guess the unfavorable effects Drama Drama

would be the drama
 I’m on the neutral side neutral neutrality

 It doesn’t affect me so most of
the time I don’t really care if it is
to be implemented.
2. W h a t i s t h e  To equalize the rights of Less Discrimination Beneficial

perspective LGBT to everyone
of the  LGBTQ community would
LGBTQIA++ feel empowered
students
12
about SOGIE  less discrimination more

bill power to different kind of
sexual orientation
 Since LGBT is not qualified More LGBT

as a gender, I think inclusion
everyone will be informed
that there are gays or
lesbians that could be
placed on application
forms
 the LGBTQ community
would be more active in
joining activities regarding
politics and economics,
 LGBTQ more in the
workforce.
 Unnecessary, its like they Unnecessary Unnecessary

are stepping over the
boundaries
 I don’t agree with SOGIE
Bill because all of us have
rights already
 I think we already have
human rights.
 It has no benefits No benefits disadvantageous

 the idea behind it is nice
and I don’t think there’s
anything wrong with
promoting rights of
different kinds of gender,
but there would be more
problem rather than help
cause it would do a lot of
contradiction between the
spectrum of the gender.
 LGBT will be more More discrimination

discriminated
 cause commotion among Commotion in

the Christian community Christian community
and ignite a
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misunderstanding between
people because the
SOGIE bill is too ambitious
 it’s giving too much power Taking advantage of

to the other side of the rights
spectrum and I don’t think
the opposite side would
agree with that and would
cause more commotion
 LGBTQ community could
possibly take advantage of
the rights they have
 I’m on the neutral side Neutral Neutrality

 I don’t agree with SOGIE
Bill because all of us have
rights already
 If it is to be implemented, I
won’t really have a
problem with that
 I don’t really care if it not or
it is implemented as long
as I still live normally.
3. W h a t a r e  news, social media, FB Internet and Social Mass media

the factors  social media media
that affect  memes
their opinion  Facebook or social media.
on SOGIE  I’ve read informations about
bill?
SOGIE Bill because of curiosity
 Things I’ve read in the internet
 I used the internet, I’ve read
trusted sources like news
 Facebook/ Youtube
 Social media and Google
 Television and parents (they Television
were kinda against the idea
yeah and they were talking
about a lot before
 television
 friends Friends and Peers People
 I have friends that are part of
LGBT and I guess it’s better if
they are not discriminated
 my friends , Facebook and
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social media
 friends
 I also have friends who would
be affected by it so,I am in
support of the SOGIE bill.
 I have many friends who are
part of the LGBT community
 I have a friend who is a part of
the LGBT, thus I support
SOGIE bill
 Peers
 back then in elementary until
now, I have friends who we all
thought we were straight and
when we met up the five of us
were bi and we dated the same
gender, all of us,
 Ihave friends that would be
personally affected by the law.
And they seem in favor of it.
So, I’m in favor of it.
 Since I have friende who are
bisexual and straight that
supports the SOGIE Bill, It
already affects my opinion
about SOGIE Bill
 I definitely agree since that is Family

also my belief while growing up
 I think my parents are fine with
gender expression
 They my parents are okay with
that as long as you don’t
trample their pride and dignity
 Television an parents (they
were kinda against the idea
yeah and they were talking
about a lot before
 Christian people do not accept Religion Religion

the third gender.
 teaching of God.
 the fact that it exists is a Desire for more laws Desire for more
testament to the fact that we laws
lack discrimination laws. So,
more doesn’t hurt
 I wanted the LGBTQ
15
community to feel empowered

because human rights are also
gay rights.
 I’m gay gender gender
Findings and Discussions

Ten participants were recruited and participated in the one-on-one semi structured
interviews. Five of these participants are Heterosexual and the other five are part of the LGBTQ
community. The following themes emerged from the answers of the participants: for
heterosexuals, themes such as beneficial, neutrality, no effect and drama emerged, while for
LGBTQ participants, neutrality and beneficial also emerged, but new themes such as
unnecessary and disadvantageous were found out. In relation to the factors affecting the
perspective of the students on SOGIE bill, five themes emerged, these themes are: Religion,
desire for more laws, people, gender and mass media.
A. Perspective of heterosexuals on SOGIE bill
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Findings regarding the perspective of the heterosexual senior high school students of
Baguio City National High School hint that the SOGIE bill is beneficial because it was found out
that some students believe that it’s good to be implemented for future purposes and it promotes
less discrimination.
During the interviews, it was revealed that, for the heterosexual participants, the SOGIE
bill is beneficial because it helps the LGBTQ community to be more understood. The
participants think that this event may lead to less discrimination since people can already have a
better understanding on the views of the LGBTQ and be little more sympathetic to the LGBT
community. It is also beneficial because its existence is a testament to the fact that there is lack
of laws concerning discrimination. This particular finding is somehow related to the research
conducted by Poudel (2018) which stated that “the LGBT lacks support from the government
and even though there are laws concerning gender discrimination, they aren’t enforced well”.
The aforementioned finding may also imply that the participants think that the Philippine
Government has little support on the LGBT community.
It was also revealed that the SOGIE bill is beneficial for the reason that a person’s
gender could still change or the SOGIE bill presents a chance for a person to express himself or
herself in such a way that a person doesn’t need to think whatever the society thinks. This
coincides with a statement from Flores and Park (2018) which states that there is a strong
relationship between social acceptance of LGBT and LGBT legal inclusiveness. This means that
proposed laws such as SOGIE bill can potentially serve as an avenue to further increase the
acceptability of being a part of the LGBT community. Furthermore, it would be less likely that
people would view changing gender as something that is negative.It may also imply that the
participants did not remove the possibility that they may be a part of the LGBT community in the
future. In a research conducted by Littman (2018), it was stated that:”children seemed to
experience a sudden or rapid onset of gender dysphoria, appearing for the first time during
17
puberty or even after its completion”. Though it may imply that some of the participants
experience gender dysphoria, there is no sufficient evidence that they really experience it, nor is
there sufficient evidence that it really affects the way they view gender expression related laws.
Another key finding that emerged is that it would not have any effects for the
heterosexual people. Three out of five heterosexual students stated that it has no unfavorable
effects while also stating that they would not gain anything from it. This may be because they
think that it has no apparent effect on them because they are not part of the LGBT community or
they have not experienced discrimination based on gender identity. Though they stated that
they would not gain anything from it, or it has no unfavorable effects, some did not really confirm
which side they support, thus they may be supporting it or they are neutral.
Neutrality is also a key finding that emerged. Two out of Five participants have a neutral
stance on the implementation of SOGIE bill. It was found out that they won’t really care because
it does not affect them. In other words, they would be fine whether or not SOGIE bill is
implemented. However, the same participants also said that they are somehow in support of
SOGIE bill because they have friends who are part of the LGBT and those friends would be
affected by the law. The neutrality of the participants may be because they think that there is a
lack of benefits and it does not greatly affect the heterosexuals. Another reason may be
attributed to the research conducted by PewResearchCenter (2017) which stated that “age is
strongly correlated with support for acceptance of homosexuality”. Furthermore, adolescents
and postgraduate students exhibit the most support and neutrality on the LGBT community.
It was also found out that drama serves as an unfavorable effect of SOGIE bill as well as
a key finding for this study. The participant thinks that there are many controversies surrounding
the bill and those controversies makes it detrimental and useless. Though it has unfavourable
effects, the participant still chose to support the implementation because it affects the
participant’s friends and it would not hurt to add more laws since less discrimination is ideal.
18
This findings may also imply that the participant think that the well being of his or her friends
weigh more than the unfavorable effects that the SOGIE bill will bring should it be implemented.
B. Perspective of homosexuals on SOGIE bill
This study found out that some homosexual students of BCNSHS have several
perspectives regarding the SOGIE bill. There are four themes that emerged regarding the
perspective of homosexuals on SOGIE bill—beneficial, unnecessary, disadvantageous, and
neutrality.
The first key finding is about SOGIE Bill being beneficial. It is similar with the
heterosexual participants but the homosexual participants have much more varied reasons for
saying that it is beneficial. One of these reasons is less discrimination. The discrimintation was
not characterized by the participants nor were they able to give concrete evidences that SOGIE
bill would really lessen discrimination. In both the heterosexual and homosexual participants,
less discrimination were mentioned by more than once. This may imply that the participants
have at least seen or experienced discrimination based on gender identity. In a research
conducted by Human Rights Watch (2017), it was found out that despite having laws that
ensure protection against discrimination and exclusion, Students across the Philippines still
experience bullying and discrimination in school because of their sexual orientation and gender
identity. The aforementioned implication may not necessarily be true, because, again, the
participants have not reported experiences regarding discrimination based on gender identity.
It was also found out that SOGIE bill will give more power to different kinds of sexual
orientation. Though it was not specified what kind of empowerment it is, some participants
mentioned the inclusion of the LGBT community in economic activities as well as politics. It was
also mentioned that the LGBT is not recognized in some institutions in the society, but through
19
SOGIE bill, the LGBT could be much more acknowledged. These outlooks may imply that the
Philippines has a lack of representation for the LGBT community and lack of LGBT inclusion
because of the lack laws. This is further affirmed by a research conducted by Poudle (2018)
which states that “the lack of legal protection, mental health issues and discrimination at
different places were big challenges to Filipino LGBT students”.
In contrast to this, there are more proportion of homosexual students who have thought
of SOGIE bill as unnecessary and disadvantageous. According to some participants, it is
unnecessary because human rights already exist and implementing SOGIE bill is redundant.
This is similar to what stated Capitulo, he said that: “The bills are not necessary since there are
already existing laws that safeguard the rights of citizens against discrimination” [ CITATION
Jel19 \l 1033 ].
Due to this reason some of the homosexual participants are not in favor of the implementation
of SOGIE bill.
It was also found out that there will be disadvantages not only to the Heterosexuals but
also to the homosexuals. These disadvantages are characterized by more discrimination on the
LGBT and taking advantage of the laws. The homosexual participants view the SOGIE bill as
something that will bring more discrimination because the SOGIE bill is an ambitious project and
it would bring more criticism from other sectors such as the church. It was also found out that
the implementation of SOGIE bill will result to more commotion in the Christian community. This
commotion is characterized by the start of misunderstanding between homosexual people and
the Church. This is somehow related to the research of Joaquin (2014) which states that
centrality of religion in people's lives is a negative correlate of homosexual acceptance. This
also means that religion will naturally be an obstacle for the implementation of laws concerning
the LGBT. Lastly, the participants also think that the implementation of SOGIE bill will look like
20
giving too much power on the LGBT community, and this will result to using the law as a
leverage for their own benefit.
The last theme that emerged is neutrality. Similar to what the heterosexuals said, some
of the participants think that they would not really care as long as they live normally.
Furthermore they also think that they would have no problems whether or not SOGIE bill is
implemented.
C. Factors
Key findings that emerged for the factors that affected the participants’ opinion on SOGIE bill
are; mass media, people, religion, desire for more laws and their gender identity.
When it comes to mass media, most of the participants have been informed about the
SOGIE bill through the use of internet or social media. Others were informed through television
and some were informed through both television and social media/ internet. Though there may
have been instances that the participants have thoroughly searched about the topic, some of
the participants have only heard about it on social media. According to Li and Suh (2015)
“Information on social media platforms suffers from a relative lack of professional gatekeepers
to monitor content”. This means that there is a lack of evaluation on the credibility of information
coming from the social media. This fact alone puts not only the reliability of this research into
question but also the knowledgeability of the participants. Though the researchers tried to
create a reliable research by creating questionnaire containing a self assessment regarding the
participants’ personal knowledge on SOGIE bill, the lack of knowledge of some participants
could not possibly be ruled out. This is affirmed by some instances wherein some participants
only talked about the LGBT issues on the use of comfort rooms. This may imply that there is
lack of knowledge on SOGIE bill due to social media dependence.
21
Besides mass media, the desire for more laws is also a factor that affected the
participants’ perspective regarding SOGIE bill. In the earlier discussion, it was said that the
Philippines lacks laws regarding discrimination and because of this, there is also a lack of LGBT
inclusion. Due to this, it could be said that the status quo serves as a motivation for supporting
the SOGIE bill. The researchers of this study questions this motivation, a motivation which is
enough to make a person support something. This degree of motivation may, again, imply that
some of the participants have seen or experienced discrimination based on gender identity, but
again, this implication may not necessarily be true because the participants have not confirmed
such things. In relation to this, some participants said that they want the LGBT community to be
more empowered. The researchers of this study think that there may be two implications
regarding this. It may again imply that there is a lack of laws concerning the LGBT, or the
participant is motivated by the the benefits that the bill may give to closer related people.
A key finding for the factors that may have affected the particiapants perspective is
people, specifically people who are closely related to the participant such as family and friends.
During the interviews, some of the participants stated that they would not necessarily conform to
their family’s beliefs regarding SOGIE bill if it happens that their family has negative perspective
on the LGBT community, some stated that they do not really know their family’s beliefs
regarding SOGIE bill, and only a particular few stated that they would conform to their family’s
beliefs. These may put the influence of family on opinion regarding the LGBT into question.
Through the interviews, it was inferred that most of the families exhibit LGBT tolerance but not
LGBT acceptance. There were instances that some of the participants were warned by their
parents about the possible repurcussions of being a part of the LGBT, but there were also
instances in which the parents did not really criticize the LGBT community as long as there is
righteousness in their child’s actions. The participants’ friends who are members of LGBTQ
community may also be a factor that affects their perpective. In the recent discussions, it was
22
found out that some of the participants were originally neutral, but due to the effects that it may
cause to their friends, they support the implementation of SOGIE bill.
Gender identity may also be a factor that affected their thoughts on the implementation
of SOGIE bill. A participant stated that she would support the SOGIE bill because she is gay.
Though the participant’s gender identity (gay girl) is quite unique in its own way, it could not be
ruled out that gender may be an influence to the participants’ perspective. However, this raises
many questions. Most of the homosexual either have a neutral or negative stance regarding
SOGIE bill and most of them did not really affirm bias in relation to their gender identity. The
researchers of this study argues that: If gender really does affect the participants’ perspective,
then there should be more positive stance regarding SOGIE bill. This argument may be weak
because this research lacks data regarding bias on laws due to gender identity. In other words,
there is no sufficient evidence that shows that the LGBT will necessarily support LGBT laws
because they are part of the LGBT.
The last theme that emerged is religion. According to some participants, they do not
support SOGIE bill because Christians do not accept the third gender. Acceptance was not
further characterized by the participants and it was not clear whether the participants think of
acceptance as the eradication of discrimination based on gender identity or the change on the
views of the church regarding gender expression. Though this may be the case, the
aforementioned finding may imply that the student’s motivation for not supporting the bill is the
presence of religion related obstacles.This is further affirmed by the study of Dumaop,
Evangelista, and Nelson (2016) in which it was shown that the LGBT community is still
oppressed and ostracized in the religious sector. Furthermore, According to Pew Research
Center (2013) “the Philippines is a highly religious country where anti-homosexual teachings of
the Roman Catholic Church still pervade”.
23
Conclusions and Recommendations

Conclusions
Based on the finding, we can now conclude the following
1. The heterosexual group has a positive or neutral stance towards the SOGIE bill. This
may be attributed to the lack of effect of SOGIE bill to the heterosexuals and the lack of
discriminatory experiences based on gender.
2. The perspective of the heterosexuals were affected by the following: desire for more
laws for their friends and family, experiences of their peers, and the way they heard
about SOGIE Bill.
3. On the other hand, the homosexual group has a negative or neutral outlook on the
SOGIE bill. This may be attributed to the impracticality and the presence of unfavorable
effects that may weigh more than the benefits.
4. The perspective of the homosexuals were affected by the following: religion, the
thoughts of their family and from the way they heard about the bill.
Recommendations
1. Researchers recommend that a group of a wider population be tested.
2. More knowledgeable people about the bill be interviewed. Like the college students,
workers and others. If not, knowledgeability about the matter should be measured using
a test.
3. The topic of the research should not only talk about SOGIE bill but also other LGBT
related laws.
4. There should be a clear characterization on the benefits of such laws, the implication of
the implementation of LGBT related laws as well as the stance of the participant
regarding the law.
24
5. There should also be more discussion regarding gender dysphoria and its effects on the
perspective on LGBT related laws.
6. Discrimination based on sexual orientation must be taken into account when gathering
data.
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Appendices
Letter
Republic of the Philippines
Cordillera Administrative Region
Department of Education
Baguio City National Science High School
Purok 12, Irisan, Baguio City 2600

We are students of STEM 11-B from Baguio City National Science High School. We
would like to invite you to be our participant in a research about the perspective of BCNSHS
students on the SOGIE Bill. We are interested in exploring the insights of self-identified LGBTQ
community members and heterosexual students in the school.
Your participation will include being interviewed for 5-10 minutes. A second interview of
the same length may be added if it seems necessary for clarifications.
There may be a possibility that your identity, along with your statements, may be
revealed. We will avoid this as much as possible by using a pseudonym for your name. A hard
copy of the transcript of your interview will also be handed a day after your interview .You may
be able to make any changes you want. You also have the right to withdraw from the study in
two days’ time from the day we gave you the transcript.
The results of the study will be presented to our Practical Research teacher, Mr. Bernie
Beraquit, and the other researchers of STEM 11-B.
We appreciate your participation for this study, which will help us learn more about the
standpoint of students on the SOGIE Bill. If you have any queries, feel free to contact us at
09266319163 (Globe) or 09484822557 (Smart), or approach any of the group members in the
STEM 11-B classroom at the BEFF-1 building.
Thank you!
30
Sincerely yours,
FERNANDEZ, MIGUEL JONATHAN E. CAOILE, SHANELLE KIANNE E.
Researcher Researcher
SOLIS, MARIO N. JR. DELOS SANTOS, ALEAH ERIKA E.

Researcher Researcher
LEANO, MARIA CIELO G.

Researcher
Noted by:
BERNIE BERAQUIT
Research Adviser
Please sign below if you are willing to participate in the research outlined above.
Signature: __________________________Contact No: _____________________________
PrintedName: _______________________ Date: ___________________________________
Interview questions
QUESTIONS:
1) How do you identify yourself (sexual orientation)?
2) What do you think is SOGIE bill?
3) When have you heard about this bill?
4) How did you hear about this bill?
5) What are your thoughts about the implementation of SOGIE bill?
6) What are the reasons for your thoughts on the implementation of SOGIE bill?
7) What medium enhanced your knowledge about SOGIE bill?
8) What are your family’s thoughts on gender expression?
9) What are you and your family’s religious beliefs?
10) To what degree do you conform to your family’s beliefs?
11) What is the usual sexual orientation of the people whom you are close with?
12) What are the benefits of SOGIE bill when it comes to you?
31
13) What are the unfavorable effects of SOGIE bill when it comes to you?
Transcript of interviews
Participant 1
Interviewer (1): First question, what do you think is Sogie bill?
Participant: Uhm Sogie bill, what i think about Sogie bill is ah parang maipantay ang karapatan
ng mga LGBT to lahat.... para sa lahat, yun ang alam ko.
Interviewer (1): What are you thoughts about the implementation of Sogie bill, kung
maiimplement man yun?
Participant: My thoughts, actually I don't agree with sogie bill because ah lahat naman na tayo
may karapatan. It's just that ah yung tao ang kailangan... to see people as ah an equal human
race.
Interviewer (1): What are the reasons for your thoughts on the implementation of Sogie bill?
Participant: My reason?
Interviewer (1): Yes
Participant: An- ano?
32
Interviewer (1): What are your reasons....so ano yung reasons mo bakit yun yung nasabi mo
yung thoughts mo dun sa Sogie bill?
Participant: Kasi I think we already have the human rights, kasi pag idadagdag pa natin yung
Sogie bill, I think it's too much already, like na parang pinapriority lang yung LGBT na hindi
napapansin na may babae, may lalaki, may bakla may tomboy... I think they are all equal, It's
just that the human...how do.... How do human see them.
Interviewer (1): What medium enhance your knowledge about Sogie bill.
Participant: Ano nga ba, sa nababasa ko actually, yun ba?
Interviewer (1): Yes
Participant: Uhm mga nababasa ko sa internet kung ano nga ba ang Sogie bill.
Interviewer (1): So next, to what degree do you conform to your family's beliefs?
Participant: What do you mean degree?
Interviewer (2): Like you could ah scale it from 0 to 10 or like do you uhm actually like conform
to them or do you not uhmm it's like 50/50
Participant: From my family?
Interviewer (2): Yeah
Participant: Do my family agree with Sogie bill like ganun ba?
Interviewer (2) : Ah.. ah.. do you conform to their beliefs like....
Participant: Ay to my family, actually I don't know because di naman nila namemention, pero I
think they're not, they do not agree with Sogie bill as well, oo
Interviewer (2): Next
Interviewer (1): What is the usual sexual orientation of the people whom you are close with?
Participant: Mga orientation ng mga... mix kasi eh, mga babae tas may mga lalaki din.
Interviewer (1): What are the benefits of Sogie bill when it comes to you?
Participant: Uhm I think ah one benefit will be... kasi ngayon hindi masyadong napapansin diba
parang nasaba.... hindi qualified ang mga LGBT as a gender, like boy and girl pa rin. I think it
33
will known for everyone na may bakla, may tomboy parang ganun ba? Na walang *coughs* ano
bang tawag dun, parang ma--ma-- madadagdag sa mga *coughs* sa mga applications, like
ganun ba? Tama ba?
Interviewer (1): What are the unfavorable effects of Sogie bill when it comes to you?
Participant: What?
Interviewer (1): Again, what are the unfavorable effects of Sogie bill when it comes to you? .....
Isa pa ba?
Participant: Parang negative effect ng Sogie bill?
Interviewer (1): Oo
Participant: Ano nga ba, hmm... so far *coughs* wala pa naman akong nakikitang negative
effect pero pag once na naimplement ito, I think lalo lang madidiscriminate ang mga LGBTQ
kasi parang sobra na ata, yun kasi ang naririnig ko parang it's too much already for them..for us
actually.
Interviewer (1): So are there anymore..kung may maiadd ka pa?
Participant: Wala naman.
Interviewer (1): Wala na...
Participant: Oo yun lang, kayo may question pa ba?
Interviewer (1): Wala na, wala na
Participant: Thank you
Interviewers: Thank you
Participant 2
Interviewer: First of all, how do you identify yourself as? Like what's your... anong sexual
orientation mo?
Participant: Bisexual
Interviewer: Ah okay, uhm what do you think is Sogie bill?
Participant: Hm?
34
Interviewer: Ah ano ang Sogie bill para sayo?
Participant: Hindi ko gets, ano yung tanong? Itr--itaga---itranslate mo...
Interviewer: Diba mer-- yung nagsurvey kami tapos, you.. ano yung rating?... Basta mataas
rating mo dun sa ano sa Sogie bill?
Participant: Mmm
Interviewer: So.... ah do you know what Sogie bill is?
Participant: Mmm
Interviewer: Okay an-ano ang Sogie bill?
Participant: Yun diba yung mag-aano yung bakla sa cr ng... yun.. ganun ba?
Interviewer: Sige lang, sabihin mo lang.
Participant: Yung magccr yung... Mag ccr yung bakla sa cr namin ng girls, yun ba?
Interviewer: Sige lang
Participant: Yun lang naman yung, ano...uhmm
Interviewer: Ah... if Sogie bill is to be implemented...ah what are your thoughts about it?
Participant: Okay lang kasi naman ano diba uhm itong,.. yung gays kinokonsider na nila yung
sarili nila is as babae nga,kaya para sa akin parang okay lang kasi, hindi yung parang, pano ba
toh,.. yung... yung hindi na nila...yung hindi na sila mag-aattept na parang mangharass ng girl
kasi yun naman, yun naman yung kinokonsider nila yung sarili nila as babae din kaya okay
lang.
Interviewer: Ah, what are the factors that affected your thoughts of its... if it is to be
implemented.... the Sogie bill i mean.
Participant: Siguro ano, yung mga iba, yung ibang babae is maaasiwa ganun.
Interviewer: Like yo-- for factors like for example ah... friends ganun, family ganun
Participant: Ano siguro, yung mga authorities ganun?
35
Interviewer: Authorities... uhmm... so you want Sogi--- Sogie bill is okay if it is to be
implemented kasi ah... kasi yung mga authorities.... like bakit, bakit ka okay sa ano, sa
implementation ng Sogie bill
Participant: Kasi yun nga, dapat.. dapat lahat tayo is may pantay- pantay na ano, na parang,
dapat uhm hindi tayo..uhm... hindi...hindi tayo tawag dito uhm dapat hindi natin vinaviolate yung
human right kasi nga tawag dito like may karapa.... May sari- sarili tayong karapatan na dapat
nating matamo as sino.
Interviewer: Uhmm...what... Ah saan mo nalaman ang Sogie bill?
Participant: Ano lang,sa mga friends
Interviewer: Friends...
Participant: uhmm
Interviewer: Ah okay... Hmmm. How about meron pa ba?
Participant: Ano sa... facebook ganun... Yung mga napopost in social media.
Interviewer: okaay...Ah... What are your family's thoughts on gender expression... Like okay ba
..okay ba sila sa mga ano, bading ganun.. okay ba sila sa....
Participant: Okay naman... At least ... Okay.. sabi naman ng parents ko basta yung taong to
alam nila na may limitation yung mga ginagawa nila or may--may hangganan yung mga
ginagawa nila is okay lang basta wala kang natatapakang--natatapakan na karapatan ng kapwa
mo.
Interviewer: Ah... to what degree do you conform to family's beliefs like... okay... dahil okay sila
so okay ka rin?
Participant: hmm
Interviewer: So like very much?
Participant: Very much.
Interviewer: Okay uhmm what is the usual sexual orientation of people whom you're close
like....
36
Participant: ano gays-- gays and bisex
Interviewer: So yung mga typical mong friends ay...
Participant: Gays and bisex
Interviewer: Ahh...for you, ano yung mga benepisyo ng Sogie bill kung ito man ay
maimplement.
Participant: hmm... Siguro ano uhm.. magkakaroon na sila ng parang peace sa sarili nila kasi...
Naki..na...na...nakamit na nila yung--yung--yung--yung gusto nila na dapat ako dito sa lane na
to na sa babae ako maaano ganun.
Interviewer: Ah, how about it's unfavorable effects... Mga hindi mo gustong epekto nito sayo
Participant: Wala naman
Interviewer: Wala naman .. ah okay... May gusto ka pa bang idagdag?
Participant: Wala na
Interviewer: Wala na.... Okay na.... Thank you!
Participant 3
Interviewer: How do you identify yourself as?
Participant: What do you mean by that?
Interviewer : Sexual orientation
Participant: I’m bi
Interviewer: What do you think is SOGIE bill?
Participant: ahhh, SOGIE bill in general ahh focuses on the LGBTQ, LGBTQ community. Yeah
that’s what I think.
Interviewer: Ahhhh. If SOGIE bill is to be implemented, what are your thoughts about it?
Participant: If SOGIE bill would be implemented, I think the LGBTQ community would feel
empowered and at the same time members of the LGBTQ community would be more active in
joining activities regarding politics and economics, etc, eh But the downside of this is that
37
LGBTQ community could possibly ahh take advantage of the rights they have uhhh it’s not good
I think.
Interviewer: Okay
Interviewer: What are the reasons for your thoughts on the i- if if it is to be implemented?
Participant: If it is to be implemented, I won’t really have a problem with that, cause uhh it’s not
that I’m a member that’s why I want-want it to be implemented but it’s because I’m on the
neutral side and I don’t really care if it not or it is implemented as long as uhh I still live normally.
Uhh haha
Interviewer: hahah uh Okay
Interviewer: ummm What are the factors that affected your thoughts?
Participant: The factors that affected my thoughts of course is the the teaching of God. That’s
the number one thing bcause even though I’m a member of the LGBTQ uhh we I we do not
know what the future holds. I could sti-still be married to a woman in the future that’s why I you
know, we know I kinda have second thoughts on the implementation of the SOGIE Bill.
Interviewer: uhh Okay
Interviewer:ummm What medium enhanced your knowledge about SOGIE bill?
Participant: Of course there is the television. Next is the thing that pops up on facebook or
social media. It’s what people talk about before because some people might think implementing
SOGIE bill will step on other people’s rights and that their rights will be affected that’s why
people are against it.
Interviewer: Okay uhhh
Participant: Coughs
Interviewer: What are your family’s thoughts on gender expression?
Participant: I think they’re pretty fine. They don’t really care as long as you do the right thing.
Interviewer: Okay
Interviewer: To what degree do you conform to your family’s beliefs?
38
Participant: What do you mean by that?
Interviewer: Uhh do… like for example playing is bad blah blah blah or things like that
Participant: uh no it’s just that they emphasize on that sometimes we cannot deny the fact that
the LGBT community is being oppressed by the community that’s why they are still saying be
careful, it’s your choice and if other people talk about you, you should be prepared for it
because you already know what the society thinks of the LGBT community. So they’re probably
giving warnings on what the society could do to me and what would be my future if you know, if I
still choose to become a member of the LGBTQ
Interviewer: ummm
Interviewer: What is the usual sexual orientation of people whom you are close with?
Participant: of course, Usually straight but back then in elementary until now, I have friends
who we all thought we were straight and when we met up the five of us were bi (laughs) and we
dated the same gender, all of us, like yeah.
Interviewer: Hi maam
Interviewer: If SOGIE bill is to be implemented, what would be its benefits for you?
Participant: hmmm I think the benefit would be including LGBTQ more in the workforce. Since I
have observed some people tend to become uhh prejudice when choosing their workers and
that usually Christian communities do not accept this type of people and if you work in a
Christian type uhh business or industry then there will be a big chance that you wouldn’t be
accepted in that business.
Participant: So yeah
Interviewer: yeah
Interviewer: How about its unfavorable effects if it is to be implemented?
Participant: I think the unfavorable effects would is that it would cause commotion among the
Christian community and I think it would ignite a misunderstanding between people and other
people because the if you could read SOGIE bill the rights are too, how do you say this. Parang
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masyadong ambitious kumbaga. Parang yung rights ngay na nakastate dun is unnecessary
parang their stepping over the boundaries parang ganon
Interviewer: Pwede pong iconfirm yung yung yung ano the factors on your thoughts on the. Hi
maam. Pwede oo iconfirm yung factors on your thoughts if it is to be implemented.
Participant: SOGIE bill as like I have said earlier, I am on the neutral side. Let me explain the
yes part. If I were to be saying yes on SOGIE bill it wouold be because I wanted the LGBTQ
community to feel empowered because human rights are also gay rights.
Interviewer: hmm
Participant: and that they have the uhh right is not granted. Your right is not granted it is there
when you were born so the LGBTQ community is not different from normal people. It’s just that
their preference is different from normal people and If I’m going to say no, no because the
Philippines has its own reputation. And that our reputation is, the Christian country and that
Christian countries do not, Christian people do not accept the third gender. So that’s my whole
thoughts
Participant 4
Interviewer: How do you identify yourself as?
Participant: I am bisexual
Interviewer: What do you think is SOGIE bill?
Participant: SOGIE Bill is basically, ummm, para siyang anti-discrimination in terms of gender.
So LGBTQ and stuff like that
Interviewer: If it is to be implemented, what are your thoughts about it?
Participant: I mean, ummm, SOGIE bill, ummm, the idea behind it is nice and I don’t think
there’s anything wrong with ummm, promoting rights of different kinds of gender, but I guess
ummm there would be more problem rather than help cause it would do a lot of contradiction
between the spectrum of the gender. Like the gay people and the straight people.
Interviewer: What are the reasons for your thoughts, if it is to e implemented?
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Participant: ummmm
Interviewer: What are factors?
Participant: Factors?
Participant: Ummmm, I’m gay. What are the factors that affects my thoughts on SOGIE bill,
ummm maybe ummm besides from I’m gay, not personal experiences but the experiences of
other people, other people in terms of gender. Ah like yung both positive and negative and
ummm maybe some of my experiences.
Interviewer: What medium enhanced your knowledge about SOGIE bill?
Participant: internet ummm
Interviewer: Specifically?
Participant: Facebook/ Youtube
Interviewer: What are your families thoughts on gender expression/
Participant: Oh, they’re very conservative and they’re not, they they tolerate but they don’t
really accept. So if they were to know I’m gay, I’m dead basically.
Interviewer: To what degree do you conform to your families beliefs?
Participant: What do you mean?
Interviewer: Umm, like up to what extent can you tolerate them being yeah
Participant: I mean I can’t do anything about it, so it’s kinda sad. You know if they talk sh*t
about the LGBTQ or if they say bad things about them or if they say they are abnormal I can’t
really say anything about it cause then they’ll know that I’m gay.
Interviewer: How about your peers? What are their usual sexual orientation?
Participant: umm some are gay, some are straight. Majority are straight.
Interviewer: For you, what are the benefits of SOGIE bill?
Participant: ummm SOGIE bill is basically ummm
Interviewer: If it is to be implemented
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Participant: If it is to be passed? Umm benefits? Umm less umm less discrimination more
power to different kind of sexual orientation and yun
Interviewer: How about its unfavorable effects?
Participant: ummm I think it’s giving too much power to the other side of the spectrum and I
don’t think the opposite side would agree with that and would cause more commotion.
Participant 5
Interviewer 3: so first question, how do you Identify yourself?
Participant: uhhhm…Sexual Orientation? Heterosexual
Interviewer 3: What do you think is SOGIE bill?
Participant: SOGIE bill… eto yung ano…yung…. Ang alam kong SOGIE bill is about the sexual
orientation gender identity and expression na fi-nile ni senator Risa Honteveros, right? Yah…so
Interviewer 3: So… what are your thoughts about the implementation of SOGIE bill?kung ma-
implement man yun.
Participant: para sa akin. Okay lang naman na ma-implement. Kasi kung titignan mo on the
surface…kung titignan mo parang…uhhm..pinaglalaban niya lang yung mga rights nung mga
kasama sa LGBTQ…uhhmm…community…pero…pero pinaliwanag naman na hindi lang
naman sila yung ano…yung…yung pinoprotektahan..pati yung mga heterosexual…pero hindi
kasi nakikita ng ibang tao kaya medyo against sila doon. Pero para sa akin, okay lang naman
na ma-implement
Interviewer 3: What are your reasons for your thoughts on the implementation of SOGIE bill?
Participant: Kasi nung nabasa ko nung about…nung naging curious ako sa SOGIE bill,
nagbasa ako about doon. So nakita ko na may mga… may mga ano… may mga issues like
companies na hindi nag…nag ha hire ng mga… ng mga…uhhm gay people…kapag yung
parang dinidiscriminate nila yung mga taong yun dahil sa sexual orientation or gender identity
nila kaya hindi nila inaaccept. Tinitignan nila yung SOGIE nila…uh…pero hindi nila tinitignan
yung talents, yung skills or yung merits na na-acquire nung lalake—nung taong yun bago pa
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siya mag… mag apply doon sa trabaha na iyon. So parang para sa akin. Ang unfair naman na
dinidiscriminate nila tong mga to. Pero… hindi nila nakikita yung effort nung taong yun.
Interviewer 3: What medium enhanced your knowledge about SOGIE bill?
Participant: actually, ang ginamit ko is internet lang. Nagbasa ako doon sa mga trusted na
sources like news. Yung news outlet. Yung mga ganon
Interviewer 3: What are your family’s thoughts on gender expression?
Participant: Family’s thoughts? Ayun okay lang naman sila kasi may mga kaibigan din kaming
mga gay people. Meron din kaming…uhhh..hindi naman sila against doon sa…doon sa gender
expression na kapag bakla ka,mag…mag me make up ka ganon. Hindi naman sila against
doon. Ang gusto lang nila, yung parang hindi mo… hindi mo tinatapakan yung…yung pride ng
iba…yung dignidad nung iba. Kaya okay lang sa kanila mga yun.
Interviewer 3: To what degree do you conform to your family’s beliefs?
Participant: 10, kasi ganun din yung pinaniwalaan ko habang lumalaki
Interviewer 3: What is the usual sexual orientation of the people whom you are close with?
Participant: May mga kaibigan akong ano… Bisexual. Tas meron din ano…straight sooo..uhm
parang nagkaroon din ng ano…ng…kaya nag- ano yung opinion ko about doon sa SOGIE bill
kasi may mga kaibigan din akong sinu support yung SOGIE bill.
Interviewer 3: What are the benefits of SOGIE bill when it comes to you?
Participant: When it comes to me. Parang hindi masyado kasi…wala pang….hindi pa…hindi
naman ako naka-experience ng ano..ng discrimination against sa…dun sa ano… sexual
orientation or gender identity and gender expression ko.
Interviewer 3: So last, What are unfavorable effects of SOGIE bill when it comes to you? yung
mga negative effects niya
Participant: Wala ngay actually. Kasi para sa akin pare parehas lang tayong tao so. Its…its just
right na mabigyan tayo ng equal rights na against discrimination
Interviewer 3: So may i-a-add ka pa ba?
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Participant: wala na
Interviewer 3: THANK YOUU
Participant 6
Interviewer: Hi ****!
Participant: Hello, good morning.
Interviewer: Hello, I’m Shanelle and I’m here to talk to you about uhm, our study. So our study
is about, uhm the perspective of senior high students here in our school about the SOGIE Bill.
So ayun, okay. First of all, hahaha, uhm how do you identify yourself sexually?
Participant: Straight.
Interviewer: Straight. Very very straight?
Participant: Yeah, very very straight.
Interviewer: Very straight. Alright. Wait lang oh my gosh where is my—okay. Uhm
Participant: Ay!
Interviewer: Uy hahaha!
Participant: Okay game. Shh!
Interviewer: Ih Geoff naman, uulitin—okay. Uhm uh, fir—eto. What do you think ba is the
SOGIE Bill?
Participant: Uhm, hahahaha
Interviewer: Hahahahaha
Participant: First question, di ko alam! Ewan ko like, parang, kasi diba nung, I mean yung
moment na nag-arise yung issue regarding SOGIE Bill, parang ang naki—, di naman kasi ako
ano, like involved ganun. Tas parang ang nakikita ko lang is the LGBTQ community like they’re
fighting what’s right for them for ano yun? What they think they deserve for equality ganun.
Interviewer: Oo
Participant: Tas parang ayun, human rights, ganun. Yun lang yung alam ko.
Interviewer: So equality, human rights.
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Participant: Human rights.
Interviewer: Like yung yung magsa-summarize nun.
Participant: Like yun yung overall na alam ko.
Interviewer: Tama naman yun, tama naman yun. So, with that uhm, what do you think, like ano
yung opinion mo kung sakaling ma-implement yung SOGIE Bill?
Participant: Wala naman, I think ano, feeling ko I’m good with it naman. Kasi tayo, parang yung
generation natin I think, mas open tayo sa, sa change, ganun or mas hindi tayo naglilive by
kung ano yung pinaniniwalaan ng older generations sa atin, parang—
Interviewer: Yes, actually..
Participant: Alam mo yun, parang mas free tayo sa pinaniniwalaan natin, mas liberated in a
way pero not really, ganun.
Interviewer: Uhuh
Participant: Na mas may choice tayo sa kung anong gusto nating gawin, like how we present
ourselves to the society, kung ano. Yun nga, like kung anong choice natin ng sexuality, ganun.
Yun lang.
Interviewer: So, with those thoughts, like ano yung reasons behind it? Like, ano yung
nakakaapekto sa thoughts mo na yan?
Participant: Like bakit ganun yung ano ko?
Interviewer: Oo
Participant: Like ewan ko, parang, parang wala naman kasi akong issue sa parang kung hindi
ka straight kunwari, kung part ka ng LGBTQ community. Parang, di rin naman kasi kami yung
pinalaki na ano, na parang anti-gay, ganun na.. I mean, sa religion naman, oo we believe
naman sa ano, like my family is fairly religious ganun, pero hindi.. pero hindi nadadamay samin
yung religion pagdating sa sexuality. Parang with my knowledge, alam kong may relatives
akong hindi straight or part ng LGBTQ ganun, tas parang okay lang naman siya sa amin as
45
family. I think yung exposure sa ganung pagpapalaki is a big factor kasi nga para na-iinstill sa
mind mo na okay lang na ganun yung parang set-up ng society.
Interviewer: Hm, so basically, like sabi mo, nabanggit na natin yung family, yung thoughts ng
family mo no?
Participant: Uhum.
Interviewer: Tas like pro naman, napaguusapan niyo ba yun?
Participant: Not, I mean hindi siya yung parang as in openly na napaguusapan sa family.
Parang yun nga may relative kami na hindi straight pero parang hindi nalang nagiging topic ng
discussion, ganun. Parang, alam mo yung parang inaaccept nalang in a way, ganun.
Interviewer: Pero hindi naman pilit, ganun?
Participant: Hindi, hindi rin naman.
Interviewer: Uhm so with that, like do your conform? Parang nag-aagree ka ba sa ano nila, sa
thoughts din nila about it?
Participant: Med—sa family?
Interviewer: Oo.
Participant: Parang medyo lang. Kasi alam mo yung tipo na pag yung generation nila ano,
parang di pa sila gaanong ka-understanding, di pa sila gaanong ka-open sa, sa ganitong bagay.
Mas restricted sila sa anong pinaniniwalaan nila.
Interviewer: Mas conservative?
Participant: Oo, mas conservative ganun. Pero ako, wala lang. Parang kung ikaw yung, or
kung diyan ka masaya, kung diyan ka—kung diyan mo nafi-feel yung happiness, kung diyan mo
nafi-feel yung acceptance ng society, edi go lang. Kasi, parang bakit mo hahadlangan yung
isang tao na parang i-express yung self niya, ganun.
Interviewer: So, with that, like ano yung parang mediums na nakapag-ano. Parang mas
nakapag-instill sayo ng knowledge about the SOGIE Bill?
46
Participant: Siguro ano, parang social media, ganun. Like yung kovies na napapanood natin, or
kunwari yung nakikita mo sa society yung mga nakakasalamuha mo sa everyday life mo.
Parang malaking—yung social media palang is malaking factor na, na naka-comtribute sakin na
maniwala na ano, na parang di naman masamang maging part ng LGBT community, ganun.
Kase, diba parang tayo, madalas tayong nakatambay sa social media tas dun, parang dun ko
halos nakikita lahat, parang dun halos namumulat yung mata ko sa reality ng buhay na may
mga ganung bagay talaga, tas ayun. Parang, mas magiging open ka talaga pag ganun. Mas
marerealize mo yung mga bagay-bagay.
Interviewer: So nabanggit mo kanina na may family or relatives ka na ano, na part ng SOG—
LGBT community. So, yung sa friends mo naman, like ano ba yung, yung close friends mo
ngayon, ano ba yung sexual orientation nila?
Participant: Ang alam ko, like meron yung mga bi, gay ganun. Tas parang ayun lang. Yung
palang naman ang alam ko. Tas pag hindi naman sila openly out or closeted palang sila—
Interviewer: Uhuh
Participant: —edi siyempre parang wag mo naman ipilit na mag-out sila sayo diba?
Interviewer: So, like with that, ano sa tingin mo, para sayo ha, kung sakaling mapasa yung
SOGIE Bill, like ano yung magiging benefits nun sayo?
Participant: Sa—
Interviewer: Kahit na hindi ka part ng LGBT.
Participant: Benefits sakin?
Interviewer: Oo.
Participant: Siguro, mas magdadagdag siya ng more undestanding, ganun.
Interviewer: Like sa tao, sa tao in general?
Participant: Oo. Mas maiintindihan siguro like yung pag hindi naman part ng LGBT, mas
maiintindihan namin kung ano ba yung kailangan nila sa society, kung ano ba talaga yung
pinaglalaban nila. Parang, kasi feelimg ko naman they desreve more, pero they don’t get what
47
they deserve. Kasi, yun nga yung mga tingin ng mga tao, ganun. So yun, parang understanding
yung mai-hehelp sa amin na mas intindihin yung mga situation nila, mas intindihin yung, yun
nga, yung sexuality nila. How to treat them siguro, ganun, or to deal with them in a way, ganun.
Interviewer: So with that, parang, despite yung mga ano—oh my gosh hahahaha!
Participant: Hahahaha!
Interviewer: Okay off-tangent. Paki-edit! Hahaha!
Participant: So cool, hahahaha!
Interviewer: May ipo-ipo!
Participant: Hahahaha! Galing okay, going back.
Interviewer: Okay uh, going back, going back. Uhm, yun na , napagusapan na natin yung
benefits nun sayo. Nandun parin tayo sa scenario na mapapasa yung bill—na napasa na yung
bill. Like ano sa tingin mo yung magiging negative effects or backlash ng ibang tao, or sayo?
Like—
Participant: Like—
Interviewer: Oo
Participant: —sakin naman walang magiging negative kasi nga, parang accepted ko naman na
yung ano, yung LGBT community ganun. Pero siguro sa iba, parang maaapektuhan nalang
siguro yung, yung pinan—, mapapansi—, ay, I mean, maaaffect sila dun sa part siguro ng
pinaniniwalaan nila or sa, dun sa stand nila sa issue na to. Parang, since naipass nga yung
SOGIE, siyempre, parang wala na silang choice or wala na silang magagawa kasi bga, andun
na yun. Naipasa na. Parang tatanggapin nalang dapat nila. Pero yun nga, parang makakaaffect
siya sa, kunwari ako, isa akong tao na anti-LGBT ganun. Pero, gas parang sobrang against ako
na maipasa yung SOGIE, ganun. So ganun, parang wala naman na talaga akong magagawa
kasi andun na yun. Parang acceptance nalang, or slowly ko nalang i-aaccept yung, yung, yung
ganong situation sa country natin siguro.
Interviewer: Ayun na.
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Participant: Tapos na?
Interviewer: Tapos na yun! Okay na yun.
Participant: Okay!
Interviewer: Thank you!
Participant 7
Interviewer: Hi ****!
Participant: Hello Shanelle.
Interviewer: Since you, since you already signed our informed consent form, like I assume that
you know already what we’re gonna talk about, pero I’m gonna reiterate it.
Participant: Okay.
Interviewer: Okay so, uhm, our study is about the perspective of senior high students of this
school, um, about the SOGIE Bill. I’m, I’m assuming you know the SOGIE Bill na, right?
Participant: I do.
Interviewer: Yes, you do. Okay so, first of all, um—
Participant: Wow, we’re starting with “first of all”.
Interviewer: --yes, first of all, um how do you identify yourself? Like, like—
Participant: Sexually?
Interviewer: Yes, sexually.
Participant: So currently my sexual identity is that I am not really heterofluid, I think I’m straight.
There’s been times where I have been bi-curious, especially I think last year or, yeah. Actually
just a few months ago I was really bi-curious, just trying to figure out if I was gonna get attracted
to men. Right now, I’m standing on, leaning more on straight rather than bi.
Interviewer: Okay. Okay so, since nga, we’re talking about the SOGIE Bill, like—
Participant: Yeah.
Interviewer: um, what do you think is the SOGIE Bill? Like what do you think is it about?
49
Participant: The SOGIE Bill is, well most people like to think that it’s about rights for gay
people, yeah, so I’ve read this article actually from a school journal, list? Journal thing,
whatever. And they’re talking about the SOGIE Bill and how people don’t need it, but the
common misconcescopconceptcommon misconception is that it’s only for gay people. But the
SOGIE Bill, as far as I know it, is a right for anyone, or literally anyone who has a sexual
identity, so that people don’t get discriminated based on their sexual identity. So it’s just a safety
net or protective measure for people of any gender to be protected from any form of
discrimination.
Interviewer: Alright so, ayon. Since um, like I can see that you’re like pro, you are?
Participant: I am, yeah. I do, definitely.
Interviewer: Yeah so, okay. What do you think about the implementation of the SOGIE Bill?
Like how would it affect, like for example, this school?
Participant: I think it would just. A lot of,there’sokay. So I think there’s two effects. First, I think
is there’s gonna be a lot of backlash especially to the people who are ignorant of the different
protocols involved within it. A lot of people are gonna say it’s an attack to their religion, or an
attack to their beliefs, so on and so on. But, within the constitution itself, or within like the papers
that I’ve read, cause I’ve been, I did skim through it. I didn’t memorize
Interviewer: Yeah.
Participant: okay, anything but I did, like to some extent, read it. And I thinks it’s like a safety
net for everyone, right? So the second effect, I feel like, other than the backlash is that it’s going
to be a protective measure for everyone. It’s going to ensure that no one gets bullied or
discriminated based on their sexual identity. Though I feel like, in the school already, like most
of the members of the LGBT community is accepted anyways, so I feel like it’s not gonna really
gonna change much. I don’t really see any form of bullying here in the school, I feel like people
are really open about it even though it is a public school. So anyways uh, I feel like, you know.
50
Better safe than sorry. It’s a good thing that we have these kinds of protective measure for
people.
Interviewer: So what kinda influenced your thoughts on it?
Participant: My, my thoughts?
Interviewer: Yes.
Participant: On that?
Interviewer: Yeah.
Participant: I think it’s a positive thing, definitely. Cause like you know, people are going to be
protected and no one’s gonna be discriminated. I feel like, uh. Another thing is like the social
stigma surrounding the, surrounding the LGBT community would be less because more people
are gonna be informed about it and so on. I feel like it’s a good thing, that we could have
something like the SOGIE Bill.
Interviewer: So those are your reasons?
Participant: Yeah.
Interviewer: Sinano, like, kasi it will protect people.
Participant: Yeah.
Interviewer: So, like with that, diba nabanggit mo na rin, um yung you read through it?
Participant: Yeah.
Interviewer: Ayun. Uh, what other mediums, like enhanced your, um, thoughts? Or like,
influenced your stand on the SOGIE Bill?
Participant: Ah, okay. So the, the things that influence me?
Interviewer: Yeah, like what medium?
Participant: I−I guess word of mouth, really. Um, a lot of my friends have talked about it. It’s a
point of interest in my group of friends. Cause most of my friends are part of the LGBT
community anyways and most of my political, so there has been a lot of conversation within my
circle of friends to what the SOGIE Bill is and why it should be implemented. But definitely I feel
51
like my own research has been like, the better part of the information that I got that influenced
me, cause I feel like yeah, people can get their opinions here and there, but I feel likeit’s best for
everyone to just read the entirety of it. Right now there has been multiple versions of it, it started
like 2000, and I feel like a lot people are still ignorant with what it actually means−
Interviewer: Yes. Yes, that’s true.
Participant: Yeah I−¿I wanna advocate these people reading laws cause there’s a lot of, you
know, it gets miscontruded−misconstruted [misconstrued] a lot, yeah. So, definitely like what
influenced me is that I read through it. But you know, opinions from my friends, and I suppose,
my family as well.
Interviewer: Yeah, yeah you mentioned your family. What are their thoughts on−
Participant: My family is−
Interviewer: −yeah. Um, on the SOGIE Bill and on gender expression in general.
Participant: So, my mom has been working in uh, Department of Social Welfare and
Development for such a long time. And she is a definite advocate for feminism and even other
gender identity. I feel like, in such a young age she was friends with so many people, we have a
lot of relatives and family friends that are part of the LGBT community, so you know, it’s only
natural for her to be an advocate when she grow up. And I feel like most of that has influenced
me, or not really like directly influenced. Like I built my own opinions on it, parang they didn’t
really direct me into it. But for example my father as well, like he−like he formulates his opinions
based on facts so I feel like, like that naturalistic uh, advoc−uh advocate characteristic I got from
my mom and that like objectivity, I got from my father, so I feel like the influences are mostly
positive. So they both uh, ah− I feel like to some extent yeah, I do agree and would advocate for
that kind of stuff.
Interviewer: So, you do conform−
Participant: Yeah, my family does.
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Interviewer: −okay uh no, what I mean is you do conform to the beliefs of like your family
members din.
Participant: Ah, yeah.
Interviewer: So like, can you tell me what degree? Or to what extent do you conform, kasi−
Participant: With my parents?
Interviewer: Yes, other thoughts on it?
Participant: I mean, yeah. They advocate for it and I mean so do I, so I feel like, yeah. To the
highest degree. You know like my mom goes to places to make seminars for gender identity,
you know. Like she actually asked Szean and I the like what stuff can she say if people would
like object to it, cause like she made a seminar for like priests.
Interviewer: Uhum.
Participant: Yeah, so you know. The backlash on that?
Interviewer: Yes.
Participant: So she was like asking, ‘how do you deal with that?’ Parang like since were
debaters she was asking for advice like what if they say this, what if they say that, and we were
like just rebut them, just tell them like priests are rapists or something, cause they are!
Interviewer: Hahaha!
Participant: Haha, no! I mean, no nono, not to shade on priests−
Interviewer: Yes, yeah. That’s a fact though.
Participant: Yeah yeah yeah. Yeah, I feel like, I do agree to it, with them. I conform to their
beliefs. Almost, maybe ninety percent. We don’t really talk about it, that’s the weird part. Like,
most of our beliefs and values like align with each other, but we don’t really have conversations
about it. I mean yeah, here and there we do, cause you know, it’s a political thing and people,
you know, should talk about it. But most of the time, it’s like, the stuff I formulate, uh, not
necessarily is directly from them. So my influence, the stuff that has influenced me, does not
come from my parents but they do align.
53
Interviewer: Okay, so you mentioned a while ago na, diba yung uhm, medyo factor yung friends
mo.
Participant: Yeah.
Interviewer: Kasi you’ve talked uh, yung sa ano uhm, the reason why uhm, parang you’re pro-
SOGIE Bill.
Participant: Yes.
Interviewer: So, those friends. Like what is, parang what is their usual sexua−like anoyung
sexual orientation ng friends mo?
Participant: Ah, okay. So most of them are hetero−is that the term? Heterofluid?
Interviewer: Heterofluid?
Participant: Yeah. And bi-curious, and bi. Yeah, so those are, uh, yeah. Most of them actually
are bisexual.
Interviewer: Yes.. I know. Hahaha
Participant: Hahahaha
Interviewer: Okay, so since, we’ve established that you are pro-SOGIE Bill, like what do you
think are the benefits, again?
Participant: Ah okay. So yeah, as I stated already, like it’s for everyone. Uh, it’s not just for the
gay community. Cause even though I’m not−uh, non-technically uh, part of the gay community, I
still want a SOGIE. Cause like, a lot of the arguments come from the fact that we already have
uhh, different laws. For example,that are protective of discriminatory acts. So for example, like
most of the arguments that I see is that people would say that uh, there’s already Magna Carta
for Women, for example. There’s already [the] Anti-Bullying Act in schools and there’s already−
Interviewer: Anti-Discriminatory Bill.
Participant: −yeah and, yeah that bill. For example, even in employment. There’s the Anti-
Employ−Anti-something Employment Act−
Interviewer: Uhuh, yes. I’ve heard about that.
54
Participant: −basically. The issue is that like those laws for me, in my opinion, is that they do
not necessarily target sexual discrimination. So for example, Magna Carta for Women is just for
women and for children, right? And school is just in school but, there is no law that specifically
states that it is, uh, without context “bad” to discriminate people sexually.
Interviewer: Okay.
Participant: Yeah so, yeah. Forms of different sexual harassment or sexual uh, atrocities, that’s
not within those laws. So I feel like there is still a need for people to have it. And I feel like−
Interviewer: For something specific.
Participant: Yeah. It’s, you know, laws have to be technical and there’s no− why is there no
technical law that, you know, is like solely based on people’s sexual orientation, right? So I feel
like you know, it’s a necessity. And even if there were, I feel like I’d be more comfortable having
more laws to protect people. Kasi, people really don’t−there are people assess it as if like, “oh
we already have it anyways, we don’t need it.” But I feel like they only say that cause I feel like if
their values are attacked. Cause you know, if you put up more shields to protect someone from
something that is actively attacking them, it’s not a bad thing, right? To add more protection for
them, to add more safety nets. It’s never a bad thing to like, support people more. So I feel like
it’s a good thing right now cause we need it. Cause a lot of people are being discriminated or
atleast feel uncomfortable with the kind of, you know, stigma that is surrounding our society
nowadays. So I feel like even though we’re the Philippines and I know we’re supprotive−one of
the most supportive uh, countries in terms to the support of the LGBT community. I still feel like
in terms of the laws, it’s a− it’s a necessity, and it’s beneficial not only for the gay community but
literally for everyone.
Interviewer: Okay, so, despite all of those benefits. Like, what do you think are the unfavorable
effects? Like, what are the possible backlash, like kinds of backlash. Like, what would happen
na negative, if ever this gets implemented?
Participant: So I feel like first part is that is uhh, who’s approving this again? The Senate, right?
55
Interviewer: Yes.
Participant: Yeah. So I feel like a lot of like senators we have now are very conser—yeah,
conservative. So I feel like the supporters that they have are also very conservative, right? So,
whether it be the Supreme Court, the Senate, or you know, congressmen or women, you know,
uhh I feel like the people who support them are gonna have backlash towards it. Cause you
know, people want politicians who align with their beliefs, so maybe to some extent, like they
would, uh, they’d go for senators who are more conservative or—or something like that. So I
feel like if we attack these conservative people right now, like, they might retaliate and add more
conservative politicians in our, you know, in our political atmosphere. And that can lessen like
the probability of of us of getting more and more liberal, uhh, more and more liberal within the
political spectrum, right? And another part is you know, uh, of course people are gonna get
mad. I think like any part of political change, people are gonna get mad, whether it’s good or not
—people get angry.
Interviewer: Hahaha
Participant: I feel like it’s uh, it’s a small mountain to climb for me. I feel like that’s a, those are
negative effects—people get angry—I think it’s definitely worth it to just attack people now, and
let them be ignorant later. Like educate them, so that people can, you know learn from each
other, I feel like it’ll be a more peaceful world if we could just understand the needs of each
other. Cause most people view the SOGIE Bill as an attack to beliefs but it has nothing to do
with that. It has nothing to do with religion, it states clearly that you know, religious, uhh,
religious beliefs is not part of the law, right? And like, um, you can still practice whatever you
want, you can still do whatever you want, really. I feel like, since the right is for, or atleast, you
know, it protective of the LGBT community, a lot of people got mad. But you know, for example
in divorce, or other political changes that we want, the people tend to think that it’s, you know, in
terms of values, but more or less it’s terms of like civil rights. You know, these are the things
56
that we need, period. We don’t really need to debate about it because it’s not about your values,
or mine. Just about what people need in general.
Interviewer: Uhum.
Participant: So, I feel like there are more positive things than negative. It’s like, you know,
backlash happens anywhere, anytime, in any way—
Interviewer: Yes, yes.
Participant: —in every way. So I feel like that’s the negative things that would happen. But you
know, other than that, you know, as the Philippines is like getting more and more progressive, I
feel like, uh, it wouldn’t be as negative. So maybe like, you know we’ve been fighting for this for
over two decades now, ever since—starting like yeah, um, Miriam—
Interviewer: Miriam.
Participant: —yeah, yeah, Miriam created, yeah—
Interviewer: And now she’s dead!
Participant: —yeah, and she hasn’t even passed, pero I feel like—
Interviewer: Yeah, exactly. That’s kinda sad.
Participant: —yeah. I feel like we just need to be patient for it, uh, things will happen sooner or
later. It’s what the people need, and I feel like any political change, as long as it’s necessary, will
happen.
Interviewer: Yes. Alright. I guess that concludes our interview.
Participant: Oh, cool.
Interviewer: Thanks Czy!
Participant: Yeah, no problem.
Participant 8
Interviewer 4: Confirmation. Uhhh…okay lang ba kung i-record namin---
Participant: of course, yeah, we understand each other…kailangan irecord…HAHAHA
57
Interviewer 4: for confirmation. How do you identify yourself as? Like… what’s your sexual
orientation?
Participant: For now, Hahaha,like gender? Female
Interviewer 4: no, like sexua—
Participant: Straight?
Interviewer 4: yah, straight
Participant: Yah, Straight, for now
Interviewer 4: what do you think is SOGIE bill?
Participant: For what I know, SOGIE bill is like…yung rights ng mga LGBT community, ganern?
Na sinusulong nila
Interviewer 4: What--- if SOGIE bill is to implemented what are your thoughts about it?
Participant: If SOGIE was to be implemented. I think…uhhmmm… I think its all right. Kasi I
don’t…I don’t really care, honestly. Pero…I somehow support the LGBT community.and… wala
naman ako…some…something against them. So I think its okay kapag…na…
Interviewer 4: implement
Participant: Yah, Implement
Interviewer 4: What are the factors that affected your thoughts about its implementation?
Participant: Factors…Kasi…Maraming…Marami akong kakilalang taga…member ng LGBT
community and my friend ako. Kaya… yah…I support.
Interviewer 4: So…peers
Participant: yup, peers, yun lang, HAHAHA
Participant: uhhm…news? Social media, FB since… that issue was like…medj kumalat siya.
Tas marami ri—marami ring memes about dun diba? About sa LGBT, kaya yun
Interviewer 4: uhhh.. what are your family’s thoughts on Gender expression?
58
Participant: mmmhhhhmmmm…hindi ko…hindi ako masyadong open sa kanila about that.
Pero I think…family’s thoughts…I don’t…Hindi ko alam…Pero okay lang sila. Okay lang sila na
may friends ako na member ng LGBT. Ganon. Pero kapag ako mismo. Hindi ko alam.
Interviewer 4: Okay… uhhm…To what degree… To what degree do you conform to your
family’s beliefs?
Participant: to what degree?
Interviewer 4: yah
Participant: wait
Interviewer 4: like dba parang pag okay sila sa mga ano…tapos pero kapag sayo hindi ka sure.
Like for example. Kunwari ikaw tapos naging ano ka. Tapos hindi pala sila okay. Like would you
rebel against it? Or like… parang mga ganon
Participant:ahhhh…kung for example na naging member ako tapos….
Interviewer 4: mmmhhhhmmm
Participant: Kung ayaw nila… I think na magrerebel ako
Interviewer 4: ah okay…so…not that much
Participant: yah
Interviewer 4: uhhhm… What is the usual sexua—sexual orientation of the people whom you
are close with?
Participant: Usual?
Interviewer 4: mmhhmmm, karamihan
Participant: uhhh… straight naman sila karamihan… pero marami ring member ng LGBT
Interviewer 4: tapos…uhmmm…what are the benefits of SOGIE bill if it is to be implemented.
For you
Participant: what are the benefits… for me…benefits for me… I think wala naman masyado
kasi…hindi naman ako masyadong maaapektuhan…I think….ng SOGIE bill…kung
personally.tingin ko walang masyadong benefits.
59
Interviewer 4: How about its unfavorable effects?to you.
Participant: hmmmm…. Wala rin…wala rin
Interviewer 4: yun lan----may gusto ka pa bang idagdag?would you like to add anything more?
Participant: uhhh…idadagdag ko lang na wala akong nabasa na mismong article about SOGIE
bill. Basta nalaman ko nalang talaga siya in social media…yun…
Interviewer 4: THANK YOUUU
Participant 9
Interviewer 4: umm how do you identify yourself as? Like what’s your sexual orientation
Participant 9: I actually am not sure
Interviewer 4: Not sure?
Participant 9: yeah cause I am not sexually attracted to anyone at the moment
Interviewer 4: uhhh what do you thinkis SOGIEBill
Participant 9:it’s a bill about the discrimination towars the lgbt LGbtqi+
4what are your thoughts of the implementation of sogie bill like yah if it is to be implemented
9 imean for me its fine since its just make peole more equal no matter gender is or something
4 okay ,hmm ah what are the factors that affect your thoughts of its implementation if it is to be
implemented
9 I I have friends that tare part of LGBT and there are still person so I guess its better if they are
notdiscrimated because of their sexual identity
4okay okay ah are ther any more factors or peers only
9i mean not really
4okay ahmm what medium enhance your knowledge about sogie bill
9 usually the television
4 television
9 and my parents
4 parents
60
9yeah
4 aah what I your parents do
9there kinda against the idea yeah and they weretalking about it a lot before so yeah
4hmm ahh how about the on gender expression what areyour families thoughts about it
9ahmm since my family is very traditional they don’t theyre really in to this kind of things yeah
4okay okay a to what degree do you conform to your families beliefs
9ahmm degree
4 yah
9not sure but there very strict aboo it
4 so if they knew you were for example homo they would(sound of killing) I get
9ahm
4 not really
9 it depends coz there more strict on the guy than the girl
4 ahhh
9yeah
4 okay ahmm but ah since yourparents don’t really accept the__-_ community
9 yeah
4 are you okay with gay people
9 yeah its fine with them
4okay ahmm what is the usual sexual orientation of your peers or people whom your close with
9usually their bi of straight yeah
4 bi or straight
9 yeah
4 ahh okay okay ahh they youre usual peers are bi or straight
9 yeah
61
4okay okay ah what are the benefits of sogie bill when it comes to you if it is to be implemente
yeah
9I think the benefits would
4for you
9yeah for me imean since im not yet sure about my sexual identity when I change I guess if its
kinda well help me yeah
4Okay okay how about its unfavourable effects
9since a lot is still not yet open to idea I guess not that much of and ah other people might might
might do something about it you would be part of that
4hmm you woul be part of that if you are part of the
9 yeah
4 but since for now
9 yeah
4your not part of it like what would its be the unfavourable effects for you
9 not sure coz I think there is a part in the rest room thing its it gets aliitle bit awkward aa I
guess it is to be implemented since in the normal already its not awkward anymore or weird
since weirdness kinds of epen on the norm so I guess it’s not so weird already.
Interviewer: so nothing in particular? Or do you consider the whole comfort room thing
unfavourable for you.
Participant: it’s a bit yeah it’s a bit.
PARTICIPANT 10
Participant 10: Ako si….isang participant ng ….perspectives of LGBTQ…SOGIE bill ching
chong.
Interviewer 2: Okey…so dederetso na kami sa mga tanong, since kilala ka na namin tol
Interviewer 4: we will not disclose any information
Interviewer 3: so yung first question namin…what do you think is SOGIE bill?
62
Participant 10: It is a bill about the…the gay people…no….SOGIE bill is …..a bill about
supporting…the people who are not heterosexual…I guess…the people who...who do not ha—
who Identify their genders as different from what they were assigned at their birth.
Interviewer 4: Just too confirm. What do you identify yourself as?
Participant 10: Heterosexual
Interviewer 3: So next question. What are your thoughts about the implementation of SOGIE
bill?
Interviewer 4: I mean…if it is to be implemented.
Participant 10: If it is to be implemented
Interviewer 4: Yes
Participant 10: It doesn’t affect me either way…so…most of the time I don’t really care. Pero, I
also have friends who would be affected by it so…I am in support of the SOGIE bill.
Interviewer 3: What are the reasons for your thoughts on the implementation of SOGIE bill?
Participant 10: Again?
Interviewer 3: What are the reasons for your thoughts on the implementation of SOGIE bill?
Interviewer 4: Why do you agree? ... Why do you agree if it is to be implemented?
Participant 10: ‘cause overall, it promotes…less discrimination I guess? Since, the fact that it
exists is a testament to the fact that kulang yung discrimination laws natin. So, more doesn’t
hurt and I have friends…parang sabi ko kanina… Ihave friends that would be personally
affected by the law. And they seem in favor of it. So, I’m in favor…I’m in favor of it.
Interviewer 4: So one fac—just to confirm…one factor is…because of your peers
Participant 10: mmmhhhmmm
Aleah: Second is because you believe…its for the betterment?
Participant 10: mmmhhhmmm
Interviewer 4: okay
63
Interviewer 4 and A1: hahaha
Participant 10: Social media…and
Interviewer 4: and?
Participant 10: Google
Interviewer 4: hahaha
Interviewer 4: What are your family’s thoughts on gender expression?
Participant 10: I don’t know, I don’t ask them…*suppressed laugh
Interviewer 4: uhmmm… to what degree do you conform to your family’s beliefs?
Participant 10: zero?
Interviewer 4: zero
Participant 10: From a scale of zero to ten…zero
Interviewer 4: uhhm…what is the usual sexual orientation of the people whom you’re close
with?
Participant 10:…….Hetero
Interviewer 4: Hetero, Okay
Participant 10: But they could be gay..hindi ko alam, malay niyo.
Interviewer 3: What are the benefits of SOGIE bill when it comes to you?
Participant 10: I guess…kapag naging bakla ako someday--
Everybody: hahaha
Participant 10: Ano…Kasi…The SOGIE bill, overall, promotes less discrimination not only for
the people…but for everyone. So I guess it would benefit me even though….it would benefit me
because…I dunno. HAHAHA.
Interviewer 4: So, what are the unfavorable effects of SOGIE bill when it comes to you?
Participant 10: I guess the unfavorable effects would be the drama. ‘ Cause I don’t like drama.
Ang daming controversy surrounding the bill and I feel like its detrimental and useless. ’cause ,
64
it doesn’t really matter, you might as well pass it since it promotes less discrimination and…
obviously we want less discrimination. Yeah…yun lang naman
Interviewer 4: So, Just to confirm, yung unfavorable effects niya is its too controversial..yun
lang? or may gusto ka pa bang idagdag?
Participant 10:hmmmmm… Yeah yun lang
Interviewer 4: yun lang?
Participant 10: mmhhmm
Interviewer 4: yeeeeeyyyy
Interviewer 2: oh, that’s it? Thank you for your participation…..pero hindi ka makakakuha ng
candy
65

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Running head: Student’s perspective on SOGIE bill

The Perspective of Baguio City National Science High School

Students on Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity Expression Bill

Caoile, Shanelle Kianne E.

Delos Santos, Aleah Erika E.

Fernandez, Miguel Jonathan E.

Leano, Maria Cielo G.

Academic Track, Baguio City National Science High School

Mathematics Strand. Correspondence to this paper should be directed to Ms. Caoile

@kianne.cl@gmail.com. Special thanks to Sir Bernie S. Beraquit for the supervision.

Friends, Desire for more laws, and gender identity.

Keywords: Students, Perspective, SOGIE bill, Factors

perspective among the citizens of the Philippines.

and harassment because of gender identity or expression, proper implementation of Freedom of

expression (SOGIE bill, 2017).

least 15 who oppose of the SOGIE Bill [ CITATION Aik19 \l 13321 ].

Review of Related Literature

and discrimination at different places. This discrimination is further explained by other

Employment Regulations’ addressing discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation in

they only receive minimal support.

of various coping methods, suicidal crisis is gradually eliminated.

implementation of anti discrimination include unequal treatment by politicians, religious

perspective of heterosexuals and homosexuals regarding the implementation of LGBT related

research regarding the perspective heterosexuals and homosexuals regarding the

affected these perspectives.

Statement of the Problem

Science High School student on SOGIE bill. Specifically to answer the

1. What is the perspective of the heterosexual students about SOGIE

2. What is the perspective of the LGBTQIA++ students about SOGIE

Significance of the Study

students, it is designed as descriptive study specifically phenomenology. It is because

for understanding subjective experience.

Participants of the study

homosexual or knowledgeable participants, the researchers used questionnaires which contain

participants and five homosexual participants were chosen.

Data Gathering Tools

Data Gathering Procedure

days’ time from the day the transcript was given.

1. W h a t i s t h e  It’s just make people equal no Less discrimination Beneficial

 It doesn’t have a lot of effects No effect No effect

 I guess the unfavorable effects Drama Drama

 I’m on the neutral side neutral neutrality

2. W h a t i s t h e  To equalize the rights of Less Discrimination Beneficial

about SOGIE  less discrimination more

 Since LGBT is not qualified More LGBT

 Unnecessary, its like they Unnecessary Unnecessary

 It has no benefits No benefits disadvantageous

 LGBT will be more More discrimination

 cause commotion among Commotion in

 it’s giving too much power Taking advantage of

 I’m on the neutral side Neutral Neutrality

3. W h a t a r e  news, social media, FB Internet and Social Mass media

 I definitely agree since that is Family

 Christian people do not accept Religion Religion

community to feel empowered

Findings and Discussions

desire for more laws, people, gender and mass media.

A. Perspective of heterosexuals on SOGIE bill

Government has little support on the LGBT community.

future. In a research conducted by Littman (2018), it was stated that:”children seemed to

strongly correlated with support for acceptance of homosexuality”. Furthermore, adolescents

B. Perspective of homosexuals on SOGIE bill

perspective of homosexuals on SOGIE bill—beneficial, unnecessary, disadvantageous, and