GATE-2018 - Mechanical Engineering Online Test Series FLUID MECHANICS

1/27/2018 GATE-2018 | Mechanical Engineering Online Test Series
Home SCORE CARD TIME MANAGEMENT QUESTIONS REPORT SOLUTION
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Bookmarks Solution Report For FLUID MECHANICS - I

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Q.1 Q .No. 1 to 10 Carry ONE mark each
A two dimensional velocity field is given by
where i and j are unit vectors in the directions of the rectangular Cartesian
coordinates x and y, respectively. If the flow is incompressible, the constant c
should be____
Not Attempt Correct Ans. 5 Range. (5.00 - 5.00 ) bookmark
Solution:-
For incompressible flow, continuity equation is

(∂u/∂x)+ (∂v/∂y) =0 ⇒ -20xy + 4cxy =0
c=5
Q.2 Water drains out into atmosphere from a small orfice located at the bottom of a
large open tank. If the initial height of the water column is H, the time taken to
empty the tank is proportional to
a.
b. H
c.
d.
Attempt Correct Correct Ans. a

http://kulkarniacademy.thinkexam.com/index.php?pageName=timeManagementReport&testid=12&t=cont-4&testType=2 1/17
bookmark
Solution:-
Let A be the area of tank, a = area of orfice
Water leaving the tank = water leaving through orfice. In a time dt, let the change in level of
the tank be dH
(-ve sign shows decrease in height)
Integrating,
Q.3 A fully developed laminar flow is taking place through a pipe. If the flow velocity
is doubled maintaining the flow laminar, the pressure loss would be
a. Halved
b. Unaltered
c.
Doubled
d. Trebled
Not Attempt Correct Ans. c bookmark
Solution:-
ΔP = 32µVL/ D2 ⇒ ΔP ∝ V
If the velocity is doubled, pressure loss would be doubled
Q.4 If is the stream function, the Laplace equation is true when the
flow is
a. Incompressible
b.
Incompressible and irrotational
c.
Irrotational
d. Compressible
Attempt Incorrect Your Ans. c Correct Ans. b bookmark
Solution:-
Stream function is defined to satisfy incompressible mass conservation equation.
If the stream function satisfies Laplace equation, then the flow must be irrotational
Q.5 Consider a steady, fully developed flow in a horizontal pipe of diameter D. Over a
section of length L of this pipe, a pressure drop of is observed. The wall
shear stress over this section is
a.
b.
c.
d.
Not Attempt Correct Ans. a bookmark
Solution:-
Wall shear stress
Let Pressure drop
Q.6 Consider a laminar boundary layer flow over a flat plate. If the free stream
velocity is increased
a.
Shear stress decreases whereas the boundary layer thickness increases at a given
location
b.
Shear stress increase whereas the boundary layer thickness decreases at a given
location
c. Both the shear stress and the boundary layer thickness decreases at a given
location
d. Both the sear stress and the boundary layer thickness increase at a given location
Attempt Incorrect Your Ans. a Correct Ans. b bookmark
Solution:-
∝ (U∞)-1/2 ; ��0 ∝ (U∞)3/2
Q.7 The gap between two concentric cylinders, each of height h, is filled with an
oil. The torque required to rotate the inner cylinder at an angular velocity of ‘w’
against a fixed outer cylinder is T. The diameter of the inner cylinder is d and
the dynamic viscosity of the oil is given by
a.
b.
c.
d.
Not Attempt Correct Ans. b bookmark
Solution:-
Q.8 To observe unsteady separated flow in a diverging channel bubbles are injected
at each 10 milli sec interval at point A shown in figure.
These bubbles act as tracer particles
and follow the flow. The curved line AB shown at any instant represents.
a. Streamline, streak line and path line

b. Streamline and path line
c. Only path line
d.
Only a streak line
Attempt Correct Correct Ans. d bookmark
Solution:-
AB shows the locus of different fluid particles passing through fixed point A
The curve AB is a streak line.
As the flow is unsteady, stream lines, streak lines and path lines are different
Q.9 Fluid flows steadily through a variable duct. At section 1 density cross
sectional area velocity and pressure and the corresponding
values at section 2 are ρ2, A2,V2 and P2 then, the following relation is satisfied
a.
b.
c.
d. P1A1 =P2A2
Attempt Correct Correct Ans. c bookmark
Solution:-
Every fluid flow must satisfy mass conservation
Q.10 In a steady two dimensional flow, the velocity component in x-direction is given
by and the density varies as Which of the following is an
expression for the velocity component in y-direction?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Solution:-
The continuity equation is
Density is not changing with time and it is a two dimensional flow
Integratingv= -xy
Q.11 Q.No. 11 to 25 Carry TWO marks each

Water is flowing through a venturimeter having a diameter of 0.25m at the
entrance(1) and 0.125m at the throat(2) as shown in the fig. A mercury
manometer measures the pressure head difference between (1) and (2) as
1.3505m.
The loss of head between (1) and (2) is 1/7 times the velocity head at the station
(2). Assume acceleration due to gravity to be 10m/s2. The velocity of water at the
station (1) in m/s is ________ #3
Not Attempt Correct Ans. 4.4 Range. (4.10 - 4.70 ) bookmark
Solution:-
No solution availiable for this question
Q.12 Two steams of water at the same pressure but with velocities
and enter a mixing chamber, and after complete
mixing emerge as a single stream with uniform properties.
If no loss of any
kind occurs in the flow,

The exit velocity in
m/s is____
Solution:-
Mass entering the chamber = mass leaving the chamber
Flow is incompressible (water is the fluid)
Q.13 The velocity profile of an incompressible laminar boundary layer over a flat plate
is The free steam velocity and dynamic
viscosity of the fluid is At a stream wise station

where the boundary layer thickness the wall shear stress is____
Solution:-
At the wall, y = 0
Q.14
The velocity profile in turbulent flow through a pipe is where
is maximum velocity, R is the radius and y is the distance measure from

the pipe wall towards the centerline. If V denotes the average velocity, the ratio
is
a.
b.
c.
d.
Not Attempt Correct Ans. d bookmark
Solution:-
Let ‘V’ be the average velocity

Discharge with average velocity, (1)
Let us calculate discharge with actual velocity
Let u be the local velocity at any radius ’r’ from the Centre
As the pipe radius ‘r’ is fixed,
Discharge through small elemental ring dr is
Total discharge,
…..2
From (1) and (2), we have
Q.15 Two different liquids are flowing through different pipes of the same diameter. In
the first pipe, the flow is laminar with centerline velocity, Vmax1, where in the
second pipe, the flow us turbulent. For turbulent flow, the average velocity is
0.82 times the centerline velocity Vmax2, for equal discharge in both pipes, the
ratio (upto two decimal places) is_____
Solution:-
For laminar flow, average velocity
It is given for turbulent flow, average velocity
Discharge for laminar pipe,

Discharge for turbulent pipe,
But, it is given that
Q.16 The figure shows a reducing area conduit carrying water. The pressure P and
velocity V at sections 1 and 2 are shown in figure. The density of water is 1000
Kg/m3. If the total loss of head due to friction is just equal to the loss of potential
head between the inlet and the outlet, then in m/s will be___
Solution:-
(Atmospheric)
Applying Bernoulli’s equation between 1 and 2
V2=16.25 m/s
Q.17 A rectangular boat 6 m wide and 15m long (dimension perpendicular to the plane
of the figure) has a draught of 2m. The side view of the boat is as shown in the
figure. The centre of
gravity of the boat is at the free surface level. The metacenter height of the boat
in metre is
a. -1
b.
0.5
c. 1.5
d. 2.0
Not Attempt Correct Ans. b bookmark
Solution:-
Least moment of inertia
Volume of fluid displaced
Centre of Buoyancy (B) from the bottom = 1m
Centre of Gravity (G) from the bottom = 2mBG=2-1= 1m
Metacentric height
Q.18 An incompressible fluid is flowing through a contraction section of length L and
has a 1-D (x-direction) steady state velocity distribution, If
and the convective acceleration of the
fluid at L is_____
Solution:-
L
L = 3m
For 1– d flow,
Convective acceleration,
Q.19 Consider a laminar flow over a flat plate of width w. At Section 1-1, the velocity
profile is uniform as shown in the figure. The x-direction velocity profile at
Section 2-2 is given by where is the boundary layer
thickness. The volume flow rate through section 2-2 is given by
a.
b.
c.
d.
Not Attempt Correct Ans. d bookmark
Solution:-
Volume flow rate through small thickness dy is Area velocity =
Total volume flow through 2 -2 is
Q.20 Two overflowing water reservoirs are connected with a 100m long pipe of
circular cross-section (of radius, R= 0.01m) such that height difference h
remains constant as shown in the figure below.
The centre line
velocity in the pipe is 0.1 m/s. The velocity profile inside the pipe over the entire
length is u = - R2/4µ (dP/dx)(1-r2/R2) Where is a constant pressure gradient
along the pipe length, x is measured from the left end of the pipe along its
central axis and r is the radial location inside the pipe with respect to its axis
(Given data; density and kinematic viscosity of water are and
respectively). If all other losses except the frictional losses at
the pipe wall are neglected, the value h in meter is _______
Solution:-
R = 0.01 m
L = 100 m
The difference in levels (h) = head loss due to friction

flow is laminar
Average velocity
Q.21 Velocity potential for an incompressible fluid flow is given as:
Assume the value of stream function at the origin to
be zero. The value of stream function at is_____
Solution:-
From Cauchy – Reimann equation, we have,
Ψ at x=2; y=2 is,
Q.22 A fluid is flowing through a pipe of circular cross-section. Reynolds number of

the flow is 1600. The head loss over a 45 m length of the pipe is 0.6m. The
average flow velocity of the fluid is 1 m/s and the acceleration due to gravity is
the diameter of the pipe is____m.
Solution:-
V=1m/s; g=10m/s2 d=?The flow is laminar as Re < 2000
Q.23 A thin flat plate of is completely immersed in an oil stream with

velocity 6 m/s. The density and dynamic viscosity of oil may be taken as 890
Kg/m3 and 0.29 Kg/m-s respectively. The average drag coefficient is
where the Reynolds number based on the plate length
is. The total frictional force (Drag force), if the fluid stream is along the longer
side of the plate is___N.
Not Attempt Correct Ans. 443.4 Range. (441.00 - 445.00 )

bookmark
Solution:-
Total drag force on two sides =
Q.24 There is a sudden increase in the diameter of a pipe from If the

minor loss is independent of the direction of flow, what would be the value of
Assume coefficient of contraction,
a.
0.622
b. 0.217
c. 0.466
d. 0.613
Not Attempt Correct Ans. a bookmark
Solution:-
case (i): flow in sudden expansionCc=0.62
…..1
Case ii) Flow in sudden contraction
…..2
From 1 and 2
Q.25 The velocity for a two dimensional flow is given by
The flow field is
a. Incompressible and irrotational

b. Compressible and irrotational
c.
Incompressible and rotational
d. Compressible and rotational
Solution:-
u=x2y+y2
Flow is incompressible
Flow is rotational
The flow is rotational and incompressible
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1/27/2018 GATE-2018 | Mechanical Engineering Online Test Series

Home SCORE CARD TIME MANAGEMENT QUESTIONS REPORT SOLUTION

Bookmarks Solution Report For FLUID MECHANICS - I

Q.1 Q .No. 1 to 10 Carry ONE mark each

A two dimensional velocity field is given by

Not Attempt Correct Ans. 5 Range. (5.00 - 5.00 ) bookmark

For incompressible flow, continuity equation is

Attempt Correct Correct Ans. a

(-ve sign shows decrease in height)

Not Attempt Correct Ans. c bookmark

Attempt Incorrect Your Ans. c Correct Ans. b bookmark

Not Attempt Correct Ans. a bookmark

Wall shear stress

Let Pressure drop

Attempt Incorrect Your Ans. a Correct Ans. b bookmark

∝ (U∞)-1/2 ; ��0 ∝ (U∞)3/2

Not Attempt Correct Ans. b bookmark

These bubbles act as tracer particles

a. Streamline, streak line and path line

Attempt Correct Correct Ans. d bookmark

Attempt Correct Correct Ans. c bookmark

Every fluid flow must satisfy mass conservation

by and the density varies as Which of the following is an

expression for the velocity component in y-direction?

Not Attempt Correct Ans. c bookmark

Density is not changing with time and it is a two dimensional flow

Q.11 Q.No. 11 to 25 Carry TWO marks each

Not Attempt Correct Ans. 4.4 Range. (4.10 - 4.70 ) bookmark

kind occurs in the flow,

Not Attempt Correct Ans. 11.6 Range. (11.30 - 11.90 ) bookmark

Flow is incompressible (water is the fluid)

is The free steam velocity and dynamic

viscosity of the fluid is At a stream wise station

Not Attempt Correct Ans. 54 Range. (54.00 - 54.00 ) bookmark

is maximum velocity, R is the radius and y is the distance measure from

Not Attempt Correct Ans. d bookmark

Let ‘V’ be the average velocity

From (1) and (2), we have

ratio (upto two decimal places) is_____

Not Attempt Correct Ans. 1.64 Range. (1.61 - 1.67 ) bookmark

For laminar flow, average velocity

It is given for turbulent flow, average velocity

Discharge for laminar pipe,

Not Attempt Correct Ans. 16.25 Range. (16.22 - 16.28 ) bookmark

Applying Bernoulli’s equation between 1 and 2

figure. The centre of

Not Attempt Correct Ans. b bookmark

Least moment of inertia

Volume of fluid displaced

Centre of Buoyancy (B) from the bottom = 1m

Centre of Gravity (G) from the bottom = 2mBG=2-1= 1m

Q.18 An incompressible fluid is flowing through a contraction section of length L and

has a 1-D (x-direction) steady state velocity distribution, If

and the convective acceleration of the

Not Attempt Correct Ans. 8 Range. (8.00 - 8.00 ) bookmark

Section 2-2 is given by where is the boundary layer

thickness. The volume flow rate through section 2-2 is given by

Not Attempt Correct Ans. d bookmark

Volume flow rate through small thickness dy is Area velocity =

Total volume flow through 2 -2 is

The centre line

length is u = - R2/4µ (dP/dx)(1-r2/R2) Where is a constant pressure gradient

Not Attempt Correct Ans. 0.041 Range. (0.03 - 0.05 ) bookmark