Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
1. Hardware components
2. Design block diagrams
3. Design detail schematics
4. Hardware Design Deployment
1
1. Hardware components
1. Microprocessors/Microcontrollers
– 8/16/32‐bit microcontroller: PICs, ARMs
– DSP
2. Peripherals
– Input devices: button, switch, keyboard, mouse, touch‐screen
– Display devices: LED, text LCD, graphic LCD
– Sensors: temperature, humidity, light, motion
– Actuators: motor, solenoid, relay, FET, triac, SCR
– Interfaces: UART, USB, I2C, SPI, Ethernet, Wifi, Bluetooth, Zigbee
3. Clock / reset circuits
4. Power supply
– AC/DC adapters
– Battery
1
8/9/2016
1. Hardware components
• Microprocessors/Microcontrollers
– Is a center processing unit
– Control input devices, sensors, actuators, display devices
– Process tasks, functions, and algorithms
– Interface other systems
microprocessor
1. Hardware components
• Microprocessors/Microcontrollers
– The Intel MCS‐51 (commonly referred to as 8051) is a Harvard
architecture, CISC instruction set, single chip microcontroller (µC) series
which was developed by Intel in 1980
– PIC is a family of modified Harvard architecture microcontrollers made
by Microchip Technology
– ARM is a family of instruction set architectures for computer processors
developed by British company ARM Holdings, based on a reduced
instruction set computing (RISC) architecture.
2
8/9/2016
1. Hardware components
• Peripherals
– Input devices: button, switch, keyboard, mouse, touch‐screen
– Display devices: LED, text LCD, graphic LCD
– Sensors: temperature, humidity, light, motion
– Actuators: motor, solenoid, relay, FET, triac, SCR
– Interfaces: UART, USB, I2C, SPI, Ethernet, Wifi, Bluetooth, Zigbee
Actuator: relay
1. Hardware components
• Clock / reset circuits
– Clock circuits: provide clock signal for microcontrollers
C1
XTAL1
22p
20M
CRYSTAL
C2
XTAL2
22p
On-chip oscillator Off-chip oscillator
(a) Crystal oscillator (b) RC oscillator
3
8/9/2016
1. Hardware components
• Clock / reset circuits
– Reset circuits: provide reset signal for microcontrollers
R1 R3
10k 10k
R2 C3
10k 1uF
1. Hardware components
• Power supply
– AC/DC adapters
4
8/9/2016
1. Hardware components
• Power supply
– Switching power supply
1. Hardware components
• Power supply
– Battery
5
8/9/2016
1. Hardware components
• Connectors
– Interface with extension hardware
Power connector
connectors
Bộ môn Kỹ Thuật Điện Tử Chapter 4 11
Team work
• Describe hardware components of your design for
your class project.
• List 4 component groups:
– Processor / microcontroller
– Peripheral
– Clock/reset circuit
– Power supply
6
8/9/2016
2. Design block diagram
• Block diagram
– Is a diagram of a system in which the principal parts or
functions are represented by blocks connected by lines
that show the relationships of the blocks
– Use to model the system graphically and show the
relationships in the process.
– presents a quick overview of major process steps and key
process participants, as well as the relationships and
interfaces.
2. Design block diagram
• Hardware block diagram
– Use a rectangle for a hardware block
– Use an arrow for a connection
One way One way
Curve connection
7
8/9/2016
2. Design block diagram
• Hardware block diagram
– Use a symbol for a special block
2. Design block diagram
• Block diagram features:
– Block diagram name
– Physical blocks
• Block name
• Have at least one connection
– Connections
• One direction / two directions/ multiple directions
• Single / multiple connections
• Data type of connections
– Special block
• Block name
• Extra information
Bộ môn Kỹ Thuật Điện Tử Chapter 4 16
8
8/9/2016
2. Design block diagram
• Recommendations
1. CPU block is at the center
2. Sensor/input blocks are at the left side
3. Actuator blocks are at the right side
4. User interface blocks are at the top
5. Memory/ database/ blocks are at the bottom
6. Use different colors for differently functional blocks
7. Use symbols for special blocks
• Exceptions
– Not enough space
– Special systems such as SoC, NoC
– Complex systems
Bộ môn Kỹ Thuật Điện Tử Chapter 4 17
Hardware block diagram – Example 1
• Poor example
Temperature PIC
Buttons
sensor Microcontroller
Heater
– No block diagram name
– Wrong direction of connection
– Problem of single / multiple connections
– No data type of connections
9
8/9/2016
Hardware block diagram – Example 2
MOTOR CONTROL BLOCK DIAGRAM
Hardware block diagram – Example 3
Home security system
Motion sensor Door sensor
Smoke sensor IR sensor
PIC
Microcontroller
SIM900
=> Make this block diagram better!
10
8/9/2016
3. Design detail schematics
• Schematic components:
– Information table – Extra information
• Title • Explanation of operations
• Description • Parameters
• Author • Acronyms
• Date
• Revision
– Schematic circuit
• ICs
• Devices
• Connections
3. Design detail schematics – Example 1
EPE PIC/LCD DEMO C1 LCD1
X1 PG12864F
VDD 4MHz
This circuit is taken from John Becker's article in the February 2001 edition 10p
of Everyday/Practical Electronics and is reproduced with their
permission.
C2
It is an excellent demonstration of how Proteus VSM can be used to carry out
experiments with microprocessors and their peripherals without the need to D1
assemble the physical hardware. 10p
1N4148
R3 U1
VDD
VSS
VEE
RST
10k
FS1
C/D
13 33
WR
RD
CE
FG
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
OSC1/CLKIN RB0/INT
14 34
R1 1
OSC2/CLKOUT RB1
35
10k MCLR/Vpp/THV RB2
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
36
RB3/PGM
2 37
RA0/AN0 RB4
3 38
RA1/AN1 RB5
4 39
RA2/AN2/VREF- RB6/PGC
5 40
VEE
VDD
RA3/AN3/VREF+ RB7/PGD
6
RA4/T0CKI
7 15
RA5/AN4/SS RC0/T1OSO/T1CKI
R2 16
RC1/T1OSI/CCP2
8 17
RE0/AN5/RD RC2/CCP1
9 18
10k RE1/AN6/WR RC3/SCK/SCL
10 23
RE2/AN7/CS RC4/SDI/SDA
24
S1 RC5/SDO
25
RC6/TX/CK
26
RC7/RX/DT
D2 RD0/PSP0
19
20
RD1/PSP1
21
RD2/PSP2
22
RD3/PSP3
27
RD4/PSP4
28
RD5/PSP5
29
RD6/PSP6
30
RD7/PSP7
PIC16F877
1
2
3
4
J1
CONN-H4
11
8/9/2016
3. Design detail schematics – Example 2
C1
C2
0.1u
V2 15
R1
0.1u
15
R2
50k
0 OP-07 49k
4
R3 C3
2 -15
1
V-
- OS1 OP-07
4
V1400 R4 C4
0.1u 6 2 -15
1
DC =
V-
AC = 1 OUT - OS1
3 8 1.2k 0.25u 6 out
TRAN =
V3 -15 + OS2 OUT
7
-15 0 R5 U1
15 3 8
V+
+ OS2
7
60k 15
R6 U2
V+
49k
0 0
0
C ad en ce D esig n Systems
2655 Seely Av enue
San Jose, Calif ornia 95134
408.943.1234
Title
BANDPASS
Size Rev
A 1
Date: Sheet of
Thursday , Nov ember 01, 2012 1 1
Group discussion
• Discus about below block diagram:
LCD
Keypad
PIC
Microcontroller
Solenoid
Battery
Management Speaker
12
8/9/2016
Team work
• Draw a block diagram for your class project
4. Hardware Design Deployment
• Choose options for hardware design
• Example: Temperature controller
Option 1 Option 2
Components
Description Score Description Score
Processor / PIC16F877 8 ARM STM32F030 6
Microcontroller Program memory 8K Program memory 16K
Temperature LM35 8 DS18B20 7
Sensor (analog output) (digital output)
Display Text LCD 9 Graphic LCD 7
LCD1602 LM32019P2
TOTAL 25 19
High score: high quality, cheap price, familiar, much support from manufacture
Low score: expensive, difficult to use, high power consumption, …
13
8/9/2016
4. Hardware Design Deployment
• Quality Function Deployment (QFD) is a
method:
– proposed by Dr. Yoji Akao in 1996
– to transform qualitative user demands into
quantitative parameters
– to deploy the functions forming quality
– to deploy methods for achieving the design quality
into subsystems and component parts,
– to specific elements of the manufacturing process.
4. Hardware Design Deployment
• House of Quality: is a techniques
based on QFD
– Appeared in 1972
– The house can be divided in
“rooms”
14
8/9/2016
4. Hardware Design Deployment
• House of Quality:
– Table 1: What?
• What is desired in order to reach the new
service’s development?
No. Customer’s requirements
1 Long life cycle
2 Easy to charge energy
3 Low power
4 Low cost
4. Hardware Design Deployment
• House of Quality:
– Table 2: How list
• How are the design requirements of the
product?
No. Design requirements
1 Low power microcontroller
2 LED light bulb
3 Solar panel
4 Lithium‐ion battery
15
8/9/2016
4. Hardware Design Deployment
• House of Quality:
– Table 3: Relation matrix
• shows the relationships between “What” and “How”
• defined by three strength levels: weak, medium, and strong
relation.
Design Low power LED light Solar panel Lithium‐ion
requirement micro‐ bulb battery
Customer’s controller
requirement
Long life cycle S S S S
Easy to charge energy W W S M
Low power M S W M
Low cost M M M S
4. Hardware Design Deployment
• House of Quality:
– Table 4: Benchmarking
• Benchmarking is carried out for “What” and “How”.
• Persons in charge of the product design make this evaluation
Evaluator 1
Evaluator 2
Evaluator 3
16
8/9/2016
4. Hardware Design Deployment
• House of Quality:
– Table 5: Importance level
• Create a value for each relationship between
client and design requirement
• The personnel in charge of the system design
make this evaluation.
4. Hardware Design Deployment
• House of Quality:
– Table 5: Importance level
Design Low LED Solar Lithium
Evaluator 1
Evaluator 2
Evaluator 3
17
8/9/2016
4. Hardware Design Deployment
• House of Quality:
– Table 6: Correlation matrix
• is a triangular table.
• describes the strength of the relationships between the
design requirements.
• is to identify which requirements support each other and
which ones do not.
4. Hardware Design Deployment
• House of Quality:
– Table 6: Correlation matrix
• ++ Strong positive
• + positive
• ‐ negative
+
++
18
8/9/2016
Team work
• Design House of Quality for your class project
19