Mathematics

13. MENSURATION OF SOLID FIGURES

n Volume, curved surface area and total surface area of 3-D figure
(Solid figure)

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n n
h a
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i m
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d
S tu
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131
Class X

Hemisphere

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n n
h a
n Important Concepts

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l For any regular Solid

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Number of faces + Number of vertices = No. of edges + 2

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l In a prism with a base of n sides.
Number of vertices = 2n,

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Number of faces = n +2

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l In a pyramid with a base of n sides.

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Number of vertices = n + 1,
Nunber of faces = n+1

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l Distance travelled by a wheel in n revolutions

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(without slippage)

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= n × circumference
l The rise of fall of liquid level in a container

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Total volume of objects submerged of taken out
=
Cross sectional area of container

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l

} If the given rectangular sheet of paper is rolled across its length to form a cylinder, having a height b, then
l2 b2
Volume of the cylinder
4p

} If the given rectangular sheet of paper is rolled across its breadth to form a cylinder, having a height, l, then

b2l
Volume of the cylinder =
4p

p2
} Volume of a solid ring = (R – r)2 (R + r)
4
} Curved surface area of solid ring = p2(R2+r2)
(where R & r are the outer & inner radii respectively)

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 Mathematics
l For two cubes
(a) Ratio of volumes = (ratio of sides)3
(b) Ratio of surface areas = (Ratio of side)2
(c) (Ratio of surface areas)3 = (Ratio of volumes)2.
l For two cylinders,
} When radii are equal
(a) Ratio of volumes = Ratio of heights

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(b) Ratio of volumes = Ratio of curved surface areas

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(c) Ratio of curved surface areas = Ratio of heights

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} When heights are equal

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(a) Ratio of volumes = (Ratio of radii)2

a
(b) Ratio of volumes = (Ratio of curved surface areas)2

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(c) Radii of curved surface areas = Ratio of radii

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} When volumes are equal

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(a) Ratio of radii =

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Inverse ratio of heights

(b) Ratio of curved surface areas = Inverse ratio of radii

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(c) Ratio of curved surface areas = Ratio of heights

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} When curved surface areas are equal

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(a) Ratio of radii = Inverse ratio of heights

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(b) Ratio of volumes = Inverse ratio of heights

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(c) Ratio of volumes = Ratio of radii

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l For a cylinder
(a) Ratio of radii = (Ratio of curved surfaces) × (Inverse ratio of heights)

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(b) Ratio of heights = (Ratio of curved surfaces) × (Inverse ratio of radii)
(c) Ratio of curved surfaces = (Ratio of radii) × (Ratio of heights)
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l If the ratio of heights and the ratio of radii of two right circular cylinders are given, then Ratio of curved surfaces
areas = (ratio of radii) (ratio of heights).
l If the ratio of heights and the ratio of curved surface areas of two right circular cylinders are given, then Ratio
of radii = (ratio of curves surface areas) (inverse ratio of heights).
l If the ratio of radii and the ratio of curved surface areas of two right circular cylinders are given, then Ratio
of heights = (ratio of curved surface areaas inverse ratio of radii)
l For two cones

} (a) When volumes are equal = Ratio of radii = inverse ratio of heights

(b) When radii are equal = Ratio of volumes = Ratio of heights

(c) When heights are equal = Ratio of volumes = (ratio of radii)2
(d) When curved surface areas are equal = Ratio of radii = inverse ratio of slant heights.

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Class X
} If the ratio of volumes and the ratio of heights of two right circular cones (or cylinders) are given, then Ratio
of radii

= (ratio of volumes) (inverse ratio of heights)

= (3 : 2) (8 : 3) : 4 : 1 = 2 : 1.

} If the ratio of heights and the ratio of diameters (or radii) of two right circular cones (or cylinders) are
given, then Ratio of volumes = (ratio of radii)2 × (ratio of heights).

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} If the ratio of radii (or diameter) and the ratio of volumes of two right circular cones are given, then
Ratio of heights = (inverse ratio of radii)2 (ratio of volumes).

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l For two spheres

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(a) (Ratio of radii)2 = Ratio of surface areas

a
(b) (Ratio of radii)3 = Ratio of volumes

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(c) (Ratio of surfaces areas)3 = (Ratio of volumes)2

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l If a sphere of radius R is melted to form smaller spheres each of radius r, then

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2
Volume of the bigger sphere æRö
The number of smaller spheres = = ç ÷
Volume of the smaller sphere è r ø

i m
l If by melting n spheres, each of radius r, a big sphere is made, then

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Radius of the big sphere = r.3 n .

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l If a cylinder is melted to form smaller spheres each of radius r, then

d
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Volume of cylinder
The number of small spheres = .
Volume of1sphere

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l If a sphere of radius r is melted and cone of height h is made, then

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r3
Radius of the cone = 2 × .
h
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l If a cone of height h is melted and a sphere of radius r is made, then

Radius of the cone = 2 × r3 .

h

n Solids inscribed / circumscribing other solids

a
l If a largest possible sphere is circumscribed by a cube of edge 'a' cm, then the radius of the sphere = .
2

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 Mathematics
l If a largest possible cube is inscribed in a sphere of radius 'a' cm, then
2a
The edge of the cube =
3

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l If a largest possible sphere is inscribed in a cylinder of radius 'a' cm and height 'h' cm, then for h > a,

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} The radius of the sphere = a and

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h
} The radius = (for a > h)

n
2

h a
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l If a largest possible sphere is inscribed in cone of radius 'a' cm and slant height equal to the diameter of
the base, then

m
a

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The radius of the sphere = .
3

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S tu
l If a largest possible cone is inscribed in a cylinder of radius 'a' cm and height 'h' cm, then the radius of the
cone = a and height = h

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} If a largest possible cube is inscribed in hemisphere of radius 'a' cm, then

2
The edge of the cube = a
3

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Class X
MENSURATION OF SOLID FIGURES EXERCISE
1. If the surface areas of two spheres are in the ratio 9. If a solid right circular cylinder is made of iron is
4 : 9, then the ratio of their volumes is : heated to increase its radius and height by 1 % each,
(1) 8 : 25 (2) 8 : 26 then the volume of the solid is increased by :
(3) 8 : 27 (4) 8 : 28 (1) 1.01% (2) 3.03%
2. In a shower 10 cm of rain fall. The volume of water (3) 2.02% (4) 1.2%
that falls on 1.5 hectares of ground is : 10. Water flows at the rate of 10 m per minute from a

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cylindrical pipe 5 mm in diameter. A conical vessel
(1) 1500 m3 (2) 1400 m3
whose diameter is 40 cm and depth 24 cm is filled.

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(3) 1200 m3 (4) 1000 m3
The time taken to fill the conical vessel is :

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3. The radius of base and the volume of a right circular
(1) 50 min (2) 50 min. 12 sec.
cone are doubled. The ratio of the length of the

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(3) 51 min. 12 sec (4) 51 min. 15 sec.
larger cone to that of the smaller cone is :

a
11. A cylinder circumscribes a sphere. The ratio of their
(1) 1 : 4 (2) 1 : 2
volumes is:

h
(3) 2 : 1 (4) 4 : 1 (1) 1 : 2 (2) 3 : 2

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4. A cone and a hemisphere have equal base diameter (3) 4 : 3 (4) 5 : 6

_
and equal volumes. The ratio of their heights is : 12. A right circular cone of radius 4 cm and slant height 5

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(1) 3 : 1 (2) 2 : 1 cm is carved out from a cylindrical piece of wood of
(3) 1 : 2 (4) 1 : 3 same radius and height 5 cm. The surface area of the

m
5. If the lateral surface of a right circular cone is remaining wood is :

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2 times its base, then the semi-vertical angle of the (1) 84p (2) 70 p

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cone must be: (3) 76p (4) 50p
13.

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(1) 15° (2) 30° If h, s, V be the height, curved surface area and
volume of a co ne respectively, th en

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(3) 45° (4) 60°
3 2 2 2
(3pVh + 9V – s h ) is equal to :
6. The slant height of a conical tent made of canvas is

tu
V 36
14 (1) 0 (2) p (3) (4)
m. The radius of tent is 2.5 m. The width of the

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sh V
3
14. If a cone is cut into two parts by a horizontal plane
canvas is 1.25 m. If the rate of canvas per metre is

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passing through the mid point of its axis, the ratio
Rs. 33, then the total cost of the canvas required for
of the volumes of the upper part and the frustum is
the tent (in Rs.) is : Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-1\13_Mensuration of Solid Figures.p65
(1) 1 : 1 (2) 1 : 2 (3) 1 : 3 (4) 1 : 7
(1) 726 (2) 950
15. A cone, a hemisphere and a cylinder stand on equal
(3) 960 (4) 968
bases of radius R and have equal heights H. Their
7. A hemispherical basin 150 cm in diameter holds
whole surfaces are in the ratio
water one hundred and twenty times as much a
cylindrical tube. If the height of the tube is 15 cm, (1) ( 3 + 1) : 3 : 4 (2) ( 2 + 1) : 7 : 8
then the diameter of the tube (in cm) is:
(3) ( 2 + 1) : 3 : 4 (4) None of these
(1) 23 (2) 24
16. If a sphere is placed inside a right circular cylinder
(3) 25 (4) 26
so as to touch the top, base and the lateral surface
8. A river 3 m deep and 60 m wide is flowing at the of the cylinder. If the radius of the sphere is R, the
rate of 2.4 km/h. The amount of water running into volume of the cylinder is :
the sea per minute is:
3 3 4
(1) 6000 m (2) 6400 m (1) 2p R3 (2) 8p R3 (3) pR
3
(4) None
3 3 3
(3) 6800 m (4) 7200 m

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 Mathematics
17. A cylinder is circumscribed about a hemisphere and
23. The radius of a cone is 2 times the height of the
a cone is inscribed in the cylinder so as to have its
cone. A cube of maximum possible volume is cut
vertex at the centre of one end and the other end
from the same cone. what is the ratio of the volume
as its base. The volumes of the cylinder, hemisphere
of the cone to the volume of the cube?
and the cone are respectively in the ratio of:
(1) 3.18 p (2) 2.25 p
(1) 3 : 3 : 2 (2) 3 : 2 : 1 (3) 2.35 (4) can't be determined
(3) 1 : 2 : 3 (4) 2 : 3 : 1 24. A blacksmith has a rectangular iron sheet 10 ft long.
He has to cut out 7 circular discs from this sheet.

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18. A big cube of side 8 cm is formed by rearranging
What is the minimum possible width of the iron sheet

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together 64 small but identical cubes each of side
2 cm. Further, if the corner cubes in the topmost if the radius of each disc is 1 ft?

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layer of the big cube are removed, what is the (1) 2 3 ft (2) (2 + 3) ft

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change in total surface area of the big cube?

a
2 (3) (3 + 2) ft (4) (2 + 2 3) ft
(1) 16 cm , decreases
2

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(2) 48 cm , decreases 25. The areas of three adjacent faces of a cuboid are
2
(3) 32 cm , decreases x, y and z. If the volume of the cuboid is V, then

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(4) Remains the same as previously V2 is equal to :

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19. A large solid sphere of diameter 15 m is melted and (1) xyz (2) xy + yz + zx

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recast into several small spheres of diameter 3 m. (3) (xyz)2 (4) None of these
What is the percentage increase in the surface area 26. By what proportion will be volume of a right circular

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of the smaller spheres over that of the large sphere? cone change if its height is increased by 200% and
(1) 200% (2) 400% the radius of its base reduced by 50%?

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(3) 500% (4) Can't be determined (1) Increase by 50% (2) Decrease by 25%

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(3) Increase by 25% (4) None of these
20. A cone is made of a sector with a radius of 14 cm

d
27. The number of bricks, each measuring 25 cm ×12.5
and an angle of 60°. What is total surface area of
cm ×7.5 cm, required to construct a wall 6 m long,

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the cone?
2 2 5 m high and 0.5 m thick, while the mortar occupies
(1) 119.78 cm (2) 191.87 cm

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5% of the volume of the wall, is :
(3) 196.5 cm2 (4) None of these
(1) 3040 (2) 5740
21. The total surface area of a cuboid is 846 cm2. Find

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(3) 6080 (4) 8120
the volume if the dimensions are proportional to 28. 50 men took a dip in a water tank 40 m long and
5 : 4 : 3.
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20 m broad on a religious day. If the average

(1) 1500 cm3 (2) 1600 cm3 displacement of water by a man is 4 m3, then the
(3) 1260 cm3 (4) 1620 cm3 rise in the water level in the tank will be :
22. A cubical cake is cut into several smaller cubes by (1) 20 cm (2) 25 cm (3) 35 cm (4) 50 cm
dividing each edge in 7 equal parts. The cake is cut 29. If a metallic cuboid weighs 16 kg, how much would
from the top along the two diagonals forming four a miniature cuboid of metal weigh, if all dimensions
prisms. Some of them get cut and rest remained in are reduced to one-fourth of the original?
the cubical shape. A complete cubical (smaller) cake (1) 0.25 kg (2) 0.50 kg (3) 0.75 kg (4) 1 kg
was given to adults and the cut off part of a smaller 30. A closed metallic cylindrical box is 1.25 m high and
cake is given to a child (which is not an adult). If all its base radius is 35 cm. If the sheet metal costs
the cakes were given equally each piece to a person, ` 80 per m2, the cost of the material used in the
total how many people could get the cake? box is :
(1) 343 (2) 448 (1) ` 281.60 (2) ` 290
(3) 367 (4) 456 (3) ` 340.50 (4) ` 500

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Class X
31. The volume of a cylinder is 48.125 cm3, which is 38.
formed by rolling a rectangular paper sheet along
the length of the paper. If a cuboidal box (without
any lid i.e., open at the top) is made from the same
sheet of paper by cutting out the square of side
0.5 cm from each of the four corners of the paper
sheet, then what is the volume of this box ?
(1) 20 cm3 (2) 38 cm3 39.
A rectangular tin sheet is 22 m long and 8 m broad.
It is rolled along its length to form a cylinder by
making the opposite edges just to touch each other.
The volume of the cylinder (in m3) is :
(1) 385 (2) 204
(3) 280 (4) 308
The sum of length, breadth and height of a room is

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(3) 19 cm3 (4) None 19m. The length of the diagonal is 11 m. The cost
of painting the total surface area of the room at the

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32. 66 cubic centimetres of silver is drawn into a wire 1
mm in diameter. The length of the wire in metres rate of Rs. 10 per m2 is

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will be: (1) Rs. 240 (2) Rs. 2400

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(1) 84 (2) 90 (3) Rs. 420 (4) Rs. 4200

a
(3) 168 (4) 336
40. Find the smallest side of a prism of volume 3,600

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33. Consider the volumes of the following :
unit if its edges are in the radio 5 : 12 : 13 : 15.
1. A parallelopiped of length 5 cm, breadth 3 cm

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(1) 10 (2) 24
and height 4 cm

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2. A cube of each side 4 cm (3) 7.5 (4) None of these

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3. A cylinder of radius 3 cm and length 3 cm 41. The volumes of two similar pyramids are in the ratio
4. A sphere of radius 3 cm 8:27. What is the ratio of their surface areas?

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The volumes of these in the decreasing order is :
(1) 4:9 (2) 2:3
(1) 1, 2, 3, 4 (2) 1, 3, 2, 4

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(3) 4, 2, 3, 1 (4) 4, 3, 2, 1 (3) 8 : 27 (4) 4:7

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34. Sixteen cylindrical cans, each with a radius of 1 unit,
42. A rectangular tank measuring 5 m × 4.5 m ×2.1 m

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are placed inside a cardboard box four in a row. If
is dug in the centre of the field measuring
the cans touch the adjacent cans and or the walls of

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13.5 m ×2.5 m. The earth dug out is spread evenly
the box, then which of the following could be the
over the remaining portion of the field. How much
interior area of the bottom of the box in square units?

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is the level of the field raised?
(1) 16 (2) 32
(1) 4.02 m (2) 4.1 m

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(3) 64 (4) 128
35. If the weight of a spherical shell is 7/8th of what it (3) 4.2 m (4) 4.3 m
would be if it were a solid shell. The ratio of inner Direction (Q. 43 to Q.44) A cone of height 10
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to outer radii of the shell is : cm and radius 5 cms is cut into two parts at half its
(1) 1 : 2 (2) 1 : 3 (3) 2 : 3 (4) 3 : 4 height. The cut is given parallel to its circular base.
36. The volumes of two cylinders are as a : b, and their
43. What is the ratio of the volume of the original cone
heights are as c : d. Find the ratio of their diameters.
to the volume of the frustum left?
2
ad ad
(1) (2) 4 7 8 9
bc ac2 (1) (2) (3) (4)
3 8 7 8

ad a c 44. What is the ratio of the curved surface area of the

(3) (4) ´
bc b d original cone and the curved surface area of the
37. A cylinder circumscribes a sphere. The ratio of their frustum ?
volumes is : (1) 3 : 1 (2) 3:2
(1) 1 : 2 (2) 3 : 2 (3) 4 : 3 (4) 5 : 6
(3) 4:1 (4) 4:3

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45. A hollow cone is cut by a plane parallel to the base
and the upper portion is removed. If the curved
surface area of the remainder is eight-ninths of the
curved surface of the whole cone, the ratio of the
line segments into which the cone's altitude is divided
Mathematics
50. A swimming bath is 24 m long and 15 m broad.
When a number of men dive into the bath, the height
of the water rises by 1 cm. If the average amount
of water displaced by one of the men be 0.1 cu. m,
how many men are there in the bath?

by the plane is given by (1) 42 (2) 46

(1) 2 : 3 (2) 1 : 3 (3) 32 (4) 36

(3) 1 : 2 (4) 1 : 4 51. A cubical ice cream brick of edge 22 cm is to be

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distributed among some children by filling ice cream
46. A colourless cube is painted blue and then cut

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cones of radius 2 cm and height 7 cm upto its brim.
parallel to sides to form two rectangles solids of How many children will get ice cream cones?

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equal volume.
(1) 163 (2) 263

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What percentage of surface area of each of the new
(3) 363 (4) 463

a
solids is not painted blue ?
52. The radii of the base of a cylinder and a cone are in

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(1) 25 (2) 16 the ratio 3 : 4 and their height are in the ratio 2 :

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(3) 20 (4) 18 3, then their ratio of volume is

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47. Marbles of diameter 1.4 cm are dropped into a (1) 9 : 8 (2) 9 : 4

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cylindrical beaker containing some water and are (3) 3 : 1 (4) 27 : 64
fully submerged. The diameter of the beaker is 7 53. A cylindrical vessel contains 49.896 litres of liquid.

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cm. Find how many marbles have been dropped in Cost of painting its CSA at 2 paise/sq cm is Rs.
it if the water rises by 5.6 cm. 95.04. Then, it total surface area is

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(1) 50 (2) 150 (1) 5724 cm2 (2) 7524 cm2

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(3) 250 (4) 350 (3) 5742 cm2 (4) None of these

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48. Suresh, who runs a bakery, uses a conical shaped 54. The number of spherical bullets that can be made

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equipment to write decorative labels (e.g., Happy out of a solid cube of lead whose edge measures
Birthday etc.) using cream. The height of this 44 cm, each bullet being 4 cm in diameter is

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equipment is 7 cm and the diameter of the base is (1) 2500 (2) 2544
5 mm. A full charge of the equipment will write 330 (3) 2541 (4) 2514

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words on an average. How many words can be
55. The height of a cone is 30 cm. A small cone is cut
written using three-fifths of a litre of cream? off at the top parallel to the base. If its volume is
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(1) 45090 (2) 45100

1
(3) 46000 (4) None of the above th the volume of the cone, the height as which
27
49. The dimensions of a room are 12.5 m by 9 m by 7 the section is made, is
m. There are 2 doors and 4 windows in the room; (1) 10 cm (2) 15 cm
each door measure 2.5 m by 1.2 m and each
(3) 20 cm (4) None of these
window 1.5 m by 1 m. Find the cost of painting the
56. A cylindrical vessel 32 cm high and 18 cm as the
walls at Rs.3.50 per square meter.
radius of the base, is filled with sand. This bucket is
(1) Rs. 1101.50 emptied on the ground and a conical heap of sand
(2) Rs. 1050.20 is formed. If the height of the conical heap is 24
cm, the radius of its base is
(3) Rs. 1011.50
(1) 12 cm (2) 24 cm
(4) Cannot be determined
(3) 36 cm (4) 48 cm

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Class X
57. A right triangle with sides 3 cm, 4 cm and 5 cm is 59. If h be the height and a the semi-vertical angle of a
revolved about the side 3 cm. The volume of cone right circular cone, then its volume is given by
so formed is
1 1
(1) 12p cm3 (2) 15p cm3 (1) ph3 tan2 a (2) ph2 tan2 a
3 3
(3) 16p cm3 (4) 20p cm3
58. If a cone and a sphere have equal radii and have 1 1
(3) ph2 tan3 a (4) ph3 tan3 a
3 3
equal volumes, then ratio between the height of the

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cone and the diameter of the sphere is 60. The volume of a cube is numerically equal to the

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(1) 1 : 1 (2) 1 : 2 sum of its edges. What is its total surface area in
square units ?

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(3) 2 : 1 (4) 3 : 2
(1) 66 (2) 183 (3) 36 (4) 72

a n
C h
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i m
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d
Stu
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ANSWER KEY
Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Ans. 3 1 2 2 2 4 3 4 2 3 2 3 1 4 3 1 2 4 2 1
Que. 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
Ans. 4 2 2 2 1 2 3 2 1 1 1 1 4 3 1 3 2 4 2 1
Que. 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
Ans. 1 3 3 4 3 1 2 4 3 4 3 1 2 3 3 3 3 3 1 4

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